1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2015, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  */
  23 
  24 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  25 #include "gc/z/zBarrier.inline.hpp"
  26 #include "gc/z/zMark.inline.hpp"
  27 #include "gc/z/zMarkCache.inline.hpp"
  28 #include "gc/z/zMarkStack.inline.hpp"
  29 #include "gc/z/zMarkTerminate.inline.hpp"
  30 #include "gc/z/zOopClosures.inline.hpp"
  31 #include "gc/z/zPage.hpp"
  32 #include "gc/z/zPageTable.inline.hpp"
  33 #include "gc/z/zRootsIterator.hpp"
  34 #include "gc/z/zStat.hpp"
  35 #include "gc/z/zStatTLAB.hpp"
  36 #include "gc/z/zTask.hpp"
  37 #include "gc/z/zThread.hpp"
  38 #include "gc/z/zUtils.inline.hpp"
  39 #include "gc/z/zWorkers.inline.hpp"
  40 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  41 #include "memory/iterator.inline.hpp"
  42 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  43 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  44 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
  45 #include "runtime/handshake.hpp"
  46 #include "runtime/orderAccess.hpp"
  47 #include "runtime/prefetch.inline.hpp"
  48 #include "runtime/thread.hpp"
  49 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
  50 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
  51 #include "utilities/ticks.hpp"
  52 
  53 static const ZStatSubPhase ZSubPhaseConcurrentMark("Concurrent Mark");
  54 static const ZStatSubPhase ZSubPhaseConcurrentMarkTryFlush("Concurrent Mark Try Flush");
  55 static const ZStatSubPhase ZSubPhaseConcurrentMarkIdle("Concurrent Mark Idle");
  56 static const ZStatSubPhase ZSubPhaseConcurrentMarkTryTerminate("Concurrent Mark Try Terminate");
  57 static const ZStatSubPhase ZSubPhaseMarkTryComplete("Pause Mark Try Complete");
  58 
  59 ZMark::ZMark(ZWorkers* workers, ZPageTable* pagetable) :
  60     _workers(workers),
  61     _pagetable(pagetable),
  62     _allocator(),
  63     _stripes(),
  64     _terminate(),
  65     _work_terminateflush(true),
  66     _work_nproactiveflush(0),
  67     _work_nterminateflush(0),
  68     _nproactiveflush(0),
  69     _nterminateflush(0),
  70     _ntrycomplete(0),
  71     _ncontinue(0),
  72     _nworkers(0) {}
  73 
  74 bool ZMark::is_initialized() const {
  75   return _allocator.is_initialized();
  76 }
  77 
  78 size_t ZMark::calculate_nstripes(uint nworkers) const {
  79   // Calculate the number of stripes from the number of workers we use,
  80   // where the number of stripes must be a power of two and we want to
  81   // have at least one worker per stripe.
  82   const size_t nstripes = ZUtils::round_down_power_of_2(nworkers);
  83   return MIN2(nstripes, ZMarkStripesMax);
  84 }
  85 
  86 void ZMark::prepare_mark() {
  87   // Increment global sequence number to invalidate
  88   // marking information for all pages.
  89   ZGlobalSeqNum++;
  90 
  91   // Reset flush/continue counters
  92   _nproactiveflush = 0;
  93   _nterminateflush = 0;
  94   _ntrycomplete = 0;
  95   _ncontinue = 0;
  96 
  97   // Set number of workers to use
  98   _nworkers = _workers->nconcurrent();
  99 
 100   // Set number of mark stripes to use, based on number
 101   // of workers we will use in the concurrent mark phase.
 102   const size_t nstripes = calculate_nstripes(_nworkers);
 103   _stripes.set_nstripes(nstripes);
 104 
 105   // Update statistics
 106   ZStatMark::set_at_mark_start(nstripes);
 107 
 108   // Print worker/stripe distribution
 109   LogTarget(Debug, gc, marking) log;
 110   if (log.is_enabled()) {
 111     log.print("Mark Worker/Stripe Distribution");
 112     for (uint worker_id = 0; worker_id < _nworkers; worker_id++) {
 113       const ZMarkStripe* const stripe = _stripes.stripe_for_worker(_nworkers, worker_id);
 114       const size_t stripe_id = _stripes.stripe_id(stripe);
 115       log.print("  Worker %u(%u) -> Stripe " SIZE_FORMAT "(" SIZE_FORMAT ")",
 116                 worker_id, _nworkers, stripe_id, nstripes);
 117     }
 118   }
 119 }
 120 
 121 class ZMarkRootsIteratorClosure : public ZRootsIteratorClosure {
 122 public:
 123   ZMarkRootsIteratorClosure() {
 124     ZStatTLAB::reset();
 125   }
 126 
 127   ~ZMarkRootsIteratorClosure() {
 128     ZStatTLAB::publish();
 129   }
 130 
 131   virtual void do_thread(Thread* thread) {
 132     ZRootsIteratorClosure::do_thread(thread);
 133 
 134     // Update thread local address bad mask
 135     ZThreadLocalData::set_address_bad_mask(thread, ZAddressBadMask);
 136 
 137     // Retire TLAB
 138     if (UseTLAB && thread->is_Java_thread()) {
 139       thread->tlab().retire(ZStatTLAB::get());
 140       thread->tlab().resize();
 141     }
 142   }
 143 
 144   virtual void do_oop(oop* p) {
 145     ZBarrier::mark_barrier_on_root_oop_field(p);
 146   }
 147 
 148   virtual void do_oop(narrowOop* p) {
 149     ShouldNotReachHere();
 150   }
 151 };
 152 
 153 class ZMarkRootsTask : public ZTask {
 154 private:
 155   ZMark* const              _mark;
 156   ZRootsIterator            _roots;
 157   ZMarkRootsIteratorClosure _cl;
 158 
 159 public:
 160   ZMarkRootsTask(ZMark* mark) :
 161       ZTask("ZMarkRootsTask"),
 162       _mark(mark),
 163       _roots() {}
 164 
 165   virtual void work() {
 166     _roots.oops_do(&_cl);
 167 
 168     // Flush and free worker stacks. Needed here since
 169     // the set of workers executing during root scanning
 170     // can be different from the set of workers executing
 171     // during mark.
 172     _mark->flush_and_free();
 173   }
 174 };
 175 
 176 void ZMark::start() {
 177   // Verification
 178   if (ZVerifyMarking) {
 179     verify_all_stacks_empty();
 180   }
 181 
 182   // Prepare for concurrent mark
 183   prepare_mark();
 184 
 185   // Mark roots
 186   ZMarkRootsTask task(this);
 187   _workers->run_parallel(&task);
 188 }
 189 
 190 void ZMark::prepare_work() {
 191   assert(_nworkers == _workers->nconcurrent(), "Invalid number of workers");
 192 
 193   // Set number of active workers
 194   _terminate.reset(_nworkers);
 195 
 196   // Reset flush counters
 197   _work_nproactiveflush = _work_nterminateflush = 0;
 198   _work_terminateflush = true;
 199 }
 200 
 201 void ZMark::finish_work() {
 202   // Accumulate proactive/terminate flush counters
 203   _nproactiveflush += _work_nproactiveflush;
 204   _nterminateflush += _work_nterminateflush;
 205 }
 206 
 207 bool ZMark::is_array(uintptr_t addr) const {
 208   return ZOop::to_oop(addr)->is_objArray();
 209 }
 210 
 211 void ZMark::push_partial_array(uintptr_t addr, size_t size, bool finalizable) {
 212   assert(is_aligned(addr, ZMarkPartialArrayMinSize), "Address misaligned");
 213   ZMarkThreadLocalStacks* const stacks = ZThreadLocalData::stacks(Thread::current());
 214   ZMarkStripe* const stripe = _stripes.stripe_for_addr(addr);
 215   const uintptr_t offset = ZAddress::offset(addr) >> ZMarkPartialArrayMinSizeShift;
 216   const uintptr_t length = size / oopSize;
 217   const ZMarkStackEntry entry(offset, length, finalizable);
 218 
 219   log_develop_trace(gc, marking)("Array push partial: " PTR_FORMAT " (" SIZE_FORMAT "), stripe: " SIZE_FORMAT,
 220                                  addr, size, _stripes.stripe_id(stripe));
 221 
 222   stacks->push(&_allocator, &_stripes, stripe, entry, false /* publish */);
 223 }
 224 
 225 void ZMark::follow_small_array(uintptr_t addr, size_t size, bool finalizable) {
 226   assert(size <= ZMarkPartialArrayMinSize, "Too large, should be split");
 227   const size_t length = size / oopSize;
 228 
 229   log_develop_trace(gc, marking)("Array follow small: " PTR_FORMAT " (" SIZE_FORMAT ")", addr, size);
 230 
 231   ZBarrier::mark_barrier_on_oop_array((oop*)addr, length, finalizable);
 232 }
 233 
 234 void ZMark::follow_large_array(uintptr_t addr, size_t size, bool finalizable) {
 235   assert(size <= (size_t)arrayOopDesc::max_array_length(T_OBJECT) * oopSize, "Too large");
 236   assert(size > ZMarkPartialArrayMinSize, "Too small, should not be split");
 237   const uintptr_t start = addr;
 238   const uintptr_t end = start + size;
 239 
 240   // Calculate the aligned middle start/end/size, where the middle start
 241   // should always be greater than the start (hence the +1 below) to make
 242   // sure we always do some follow work, not just split the array into pieces.
 243   const uintptr_t middle_start = align_up(start + 1, ZMarkPartialArrayMinSize);
 244   const size_t    middle_size = align_down(end - middle_start, ZMarkPartialArrayMinSize);
 245   const uintptr_t middle_end = middle_start + middle_size;
 246 
 247   log_develop_trace(gc, marking)("Array follow large: " PTR_FORMAT "-" PTR_FORMAT" (" SIZE_FORMAT "), "
 248                                  "middle: " PTR_FORMAT "-" PTR_FORMAT " (" SIZE_FORMAT ")",
 249                                  start, end, size, middle_start, middle_end, middle_size);
 250 
 251   // Push unaligned trailing part
 252   if (end > middle_end) {
 253     const uintptr_t trailing_addr = middle_end;
 254     const size_t trailing_size = end - middle_end;
 255     push_partial_array(trailing_addr, trailing_size, finalizable);
 256   }
 257 
 258   // Push aligned middle part(s)
 259   uintptr_t partial_addr = middle_end;
 260   while (partial_addr > middle_start) {
 261     const size_t parts = 2;
 262     const size_t partial_size = align_up((partial_addr - middle_start) / parts, ZMarkPartialArrayMinSize);
 263     partial_addr -= partial_size;
 264     push_partial_array(partial_addr, partial_size, finalizable);
 265   }
 266 
 267   // Follow leading part
 268   assert(start < middle_start, "Miscalculated middle start");
 269   const uintptr_t leading_addr = start;
 270   const size_t leading_size = middle_start - start;
 271   follow_small_array(leading_addr, leading_size, finalizable);
 272 }
 273 
 274 void ZMark::follow_array(uintptr_t addr, size_t size, bool finalizable) {
 275   if (size <= ZMarkPartialArrayMinSize) {
 276     follow_small_array(addr, size, finalizable);
 277   } else {
 278     follow_large_array(addr, size, finalizable);
 279   }
 280 }
 281 
 282 void ZMark::follow_partial_array(ZMarkStackEntry entry, bool finalizable) {
 283   const uintptr_t addr = ZAddress::good(entry.partial_array_offset() << ZMarkPartialArrayMinSizeShift);
 284   const size_t size = entry.partial_array_length() * oopSize;
 285 
 286   follow_array(addr, size, finalizable);
 287 }
 288 
 289 void ZMark::follow_array_object(objArrayOop obj, bool finalizable) {
 290   if (finalizable) {
 291     ZMarkBarrierOopClosure<true /* finalizable */> cl;
 292     cl.do_klass(obj->klass());
 293   } else {
 294     ZMarkBarrierOopClosure<false /* finalizable */> cl;
 295     cl.do_klass(obj->klass());
 296   }
 297 
 298   const uintptr_t addr = (uintptr_t)obj->base();
 299   const size_t size = (size_t)obj->length() * oopSize;
 300 
 301   follow_array(addr, size, finalizable);
 302 }
 303 
 304 void ZMark::follow_object(oop obj, bool finalizable) {
 305   if (finalizable) {
 306     ZMarkBarrierOopClosure<true /* finalizable */> cl;
 307     obj->oop_iterate(&cl);
 308   } else {
 309     ZMarkBarrierOopClosure<false /* finalizable */> cl;
 310     obj->oop_iterate(&cl);
 311   }
 312 }
 313 
 314 bool ZMark::try_mark_object(ZMarkCache* cache, uintptr_t addr, bool finalizable) {
 315   ZPage* const page = _pagetable->get(addr);
 316   if (page->is_allocating()) {
 317     // Newly allocated objects are implicitly marked
 318     return false;
 319   }
 320 
 321   // Try mark object
 322   bool inc_live = false;
 323   const bool success = page->mark_object(addr, finalizable, inc_live);
 324   if (inc_live) {
 325     // Update live objects/bytes for page. We use the aligned object
 326     // size since that is the actual number of bytes used on the page
 327     // and alignment paddings can never be reclaimed.
 328     const size_t size = ZUtils::object_size(addr);
 329     const size_t aligned_size = align_up(size, page->object_alignment());
 330     cache->inc_live(page, aligned_size);
 331   }
 332 
 333   return success;
 334 }
 335 
 336 void ZMark::mark_and_follow(ZMarkCache* cache, ZMarkStackEntry entry) {
 337   // Decode flags
 338   const bool finalizable = entry.finalizable();
 339   const bool partial_array = entry.partial_array();
 340 
 341   if (partial_array) {
 342     follow_partial_array(entry, finalizable);
 343     return;
 344   }
 345 
 346   // Decode object address
 347   const uintptr_t addr = entry.object_address();
 348 
 349   if (!try_mark_object(cache, addr, finalizable)) {
 350     // Already marked
 351     return;
 352   }
 353 
 354   if (is_array(addr)) {
 355     follow_array_object(objArrayOop(ZOop::to_oop(addr)), finalizable);
 356   } else {
 357     follow_object(ZOop::to_oop(addr), finalizable);
 358   }
 359 }
 360 
 361 template <typename T>
 362 bool ZMark::drain(ZMarkStripe* stripe, ZMarkThreadLocalStacks* stacks, ZMarkCache* cache, T* timeout) {
 363   ZMarkStackEntry entry;
 364 
 365   // Drain stripe stacks
 366   while (stacks->pop(&_allocator, &_stripes, stripe, entry)) {
 367     mark_and_follow(cache, entry);
 368 
 369     // Check timeout
 370     if (timeout->has_expired()) {
 371       // Timeout
 372       return false;
 373     }
 374   }
 375 
 376   // Success
 377   return true;
 378 }
 379 
 380 template <typename T>
 381 bool ZMark::drain_and_flush(ZMarkStripe* stripe, ZMarkThreadLocalStacks* stacks, ZMarkCache* cache, T* timeout) {
 382   const bool success = drain(stripe, stacks, cache, timeout);
 383 
 384   // Flush and publish worker stacks
 385   stacks->flush(&_allocator, &_stripes);
 386 
 387   return success;
 388 }
 389 
 390 bool ZMark::try_steal(ZMarkStripe* stripe, ZMarkThreadLocalStacks* stacks) {
 391   // Try to steal a stack from another stripe
 392   for (ZMarkStripe* victim_stripe = _stripes.stripe_next(stripe);
 393        victim_stripe != stripe;
 394        victim_stripe = _stripes.stripe_next(victim_stripe)) {
 395     ZMarkStack* const stack = victim_stripe->steal_stack();
 396     if (stack != NULL) {
 397       // Success, install the stolen stack
 398       stacks->install(&_stripes, stripe, stack);
 399       return true;
 400     }
 401   }
 402 
 403   // Nothing to steal
 404   return false;
 405 }
 406 
 407 void ZMark::idle() const {
 408   ZStatTimer timer(ZSubPhaseConcurrentMarkIdle);
 409   os::naked_short_sleep(1);
 410 }
 411 
 412 class ZMarkFlushAndFreeStacksClosure : public ThreadClosure {
 413 private:
 414   ZMark* const _mark;
 415   bool         _flushed;
 416 
 417 public:
 418   ZMarkFlushAndFreeStacksClosure(ZMark* mark) :
 419       _mark(mark),
 420       _flushed(false) {}
 421 
 422   void do_thread(Thread* thread) {
 423     if (_mark->flush_and_free(thread)) {
 424       _flushed = true;
 425     }
 426   }
 427 
 428   bool flushed() const {
 429     return _flushed;
 430   }
 431 };
 432 
 433 bool ZMark::flush(bool at_safepoint) {
 434   ZMarkFlushAndFreeStacksClosure cl(this);
 435   if (at_safepoint) {
 436     Threads::threads_do(&cl);
 437   } else {
 438     Handshake::execute(&cl);
 439   }
 440 
 441   // Returns true if more work is available
 442   return cl.flushed() || !_stripes.is_empty();
 443 }
 444 
 445 bool ZMark::try_flush(volatile size_t* nflush) {
 446   // Only flush if handshakes are enabled
 447   if (!ThreadLocalHandshakes) {
 448     return false;
 449   }
 450 
 451   Atomic::inc(nflush);
 452 
 453   ZStatTimer timer(ZSubPhaseConcurrentMarkTryFlush);
 454   return flush(false /* at_safepoint */);
 455 }
 456 
 457 bool ZMark::try_proactive_flush() {
 458   // Only do proactive flushes from worker 0
 459   if (ZThread::worker_id() != 0) {
 460     return false;
 461   }
 462 
 463   if (Atomic::load(&_work_nproactiveflush) == ZMarkProactiveFlushMax ||
 464       Atomic::load(&_work_nterminateflush) != 0) {
 465     // Limit reached or we're trying to terminate
 466     return false;
 467   }
 468 
 469   return try_flush(&_work_nproactiveflush);
 470 }
 471 
 472 bool ZMark::try_terminate() {
 473   ZStatTimer timer(ZSubPhaseConcurrentMarkTryTerminate);
 474 
 475   if (_terminate.enter_stage0()) {
 476     // Last thread entered stage 0, flush
 477     if (Atomic::load(&_work_terminateflush) &&
 478         Atomic::load(&_work_nterminateflush) != ZMarkTerminateFlushMax) {
 479       // Exit stage 0 to allow other threads to continue marking
 480       _terminate.exit_stage0();
 481 
 482       // Flush before termination
 483       if (!try_flush(&_work_nterminateflush)) {
 484         // No more work available, skip further flush attempts
 485         Atomic::store(false, &_work_terminateflush);
 486       }
 487 
 488       // Don't terminate, regardless of whether we successfully
 489       // flushed out more work or not. We've already exited
 490       // termination stage 0, to allow other threads to continue
 491       // marking, so this thread has to return false and also
 492       // make another round of attempted marking.
 493       return false;
 494     }
 495   }
 496 
 497   for (;;) {
 498     if (_terminate.enter_stage1()) {
 499       // Last thread entered stage 1, terminate
 500       return true;
 501     }
 502 
 503     // Idle to give the other threads
 504     // a chance to enter termination.
 505     idle();
 506 
 507     if (!_terminate.try_exit_stage1()) {
 508       // All workers in stage 1, terminate
 509       return true;
 510     }
 511 
 512     if (_terminate.try_exit_stage0()) {
 513       // More work available, don't terminate
 514       return false;
 515     }
 516   }
 517 }
 518 
 519 class ZMarkNoTimeout : public StackObj {
 520 public:
 521   bool has_expired() {
 522     return false;
 523   }
 524 };
 525 
 526 void ZMark::work_without_timeout(ZMarkCache* cache, ZMarkStripe* stripe, ZMarkThreadLocalStacks* stacks) {
 527   ZStatTimer timer(ZSubPhaseConcurrentMark);
 528   ZMarkNoTimeout no_timeout;
 529 
 530   for (;;) {
 531     drain_and_flush(stripe, stacks, cache, &no_timeout);
 532 
 533     if (try_steal(stripe, stacks)) {
 534       // Stole work
 535       continue;
 536     }
 537 
 538     if (try_proactive_flush()) {
 539       // Work available
 540       continue;
 541     }
 542 
 543     if (try_terminate()) {
 544       // Terminate
 545       break;
 546     }
 547   }
 548 }
 549 
 550 class ZMarkTimeout : public StackObj {
 551 private:
 552   const Ticks    _start;
 553   const uint64_t _timeout;
 554   const uint64_t _check_interval;
 555   uint64_t       _check_at;
 556   uint64_t       _check_count;
 557   bool           _expired;
 558 
 559 public:
 560   ZMarkTimeout(uint64_t timeout_in_millis) :
 561       _start(Ticks::now()),
 562       _timeout(_start.value() + TimeHelper::millis_to_counter(timeout_in_millis)),
 563       _check_interval(200),
 564       _check_at(_check_interval),
 565       _check_count(0),
 566       _expired(false) {}
 567 
 568   ~ZMarkTimeout() {
 569     const Tickspan duration = Ticks::now() - _start;
 570     log_debug(gc, marking)("Mark With Timeout (%s): %s, " UINT64_FORMAT " oops, %.3fms",
 571                            ZThread::name(), _expired ? "Expired" : "Completed",
 572                            _check_count, TimeHelper::counter_to_millis(duration.value()));
 573   }
 574 
 575   bool has_expired() {
 576     if (++_check_count == _check_at) {
 577       _check_at += _check_interval;
 578       if ((uint64_t)Ticks::now().value() >= _timeout) {
 579         // Timeout
 580         _expired = true;
 581       }
 582     }
 583 
 584     return _expired;
 585   }
 586 };
 587 
 588 void ZMark::work_with_timeout(ZMarkCache* cache, ZMarkStripe* stripe, ZMarkThreadLocalStacks* stacks, uint64_t timeout_in_millis) {
 589   ZStatTimer timer(ZSubPhaseMarkTryComplete);
 590   ZMarkTimeout timeout(timeout_in_millis);
 591 
 592   for (;;) {
 593     if (!drain_and_flush(stripe, stacks, cache, &timeout)) {
 594       // Timed out
 595       break;
 596     }
 597 
 598     if (try_steal(stripe, stacks)) {
 599       // Stole work
 600       continue;
 601     }
 602 
 603     // Terminate
 604     break;
 605   }
 606 }
 607 
 608 void ZMark::work(uint64_t timeout_in_millis) {
 609   ZMarkCache cache(_stripes.nstripes());
 610   ZMarkStripe* const stripe = _stripes.stripe_for_worker(_nworkers, ZThread::worker_id());
 611   ZMarkThreadLocalStacks* const stacks = ZThreadLocalData::stacks(Thread::current());
 612 
 613   if (timeout_in_millis == 0) {
 614     work_without_timeout(&cache, stripe, stacks);
 615   } else {
 616     work_with_timeout(&cache, stripe, stacks, timeout_in_millis);
 617   }
 618 
 619   // Make sure stacks have been flushed
 620   assert(stacks->is_empty(&_stripes), "Should be empty");
 621 
 622   // Free remaining stacks
 623   stacks->free(&_allocator);
 624 }
 625 
 626 class ZMarkConcurrentRootsIteratorClosure : public ZRootsIteratorClosure {
 627 public:
 628   virtual void do_oop(oop* p) {
 629     ZBarrier::mark_barrier_on_oop_field(p, false /* finalizable */);
 630   }
 631 
 632   virtual void do_oop(narrowOop* p) {
 633     ShouldNotReachHere();
 634   }
 635 };
 636 
 637 
 638 class ZMarkConcurrentRootsTask : public ZTask {
 639 private:
 640   ZConcurrentRootsIterator            _roots;
 641   ZMarkConcurrentRootsIteratorClosure _cl;
 642 
 643 public:
 644   ZMarkConcurrentRootsTask(ZMark* mark) :
 645       ZTask("ZMarkConcurrentRootsTask"),
 646       _roots(true /* marking */),
 647       _cl() {}
 648 
 649   virtual void work() {
 650     _roots.oops_do(&_cl);
 651   }
 652 };
 653 
 654 class ZMarkTask : public ZTask {
 655 private:
 656   ZMark* const   _mark;
 657   const uint64_t _timeout_in_millis;
 658 
 659 public:
 660   ZMarkTask(ZMark* mark, uint64_t timeout_in_millis = 0) :
 661       ZTask("ZMarkTask"),
 662       _mark(mark),
 663       _timeout_in_millis(timeout_in_millis) {
 664     _mark->prepare_work();
 665   }
 666 
 667   ~ZMarkTask() {
 668     _mark->finish_work();
 669   }
 670 
 671   virtual void work() {
 672     _mark->work(_timeout_in_millis);
 673   }
 674 };
 675 
 676 void ZMark::mark(bool initial) {
 677   if (initial) {
 678     ZMarkConcurrentRootsTask task(this);
 679     _workers->run_concurrent(&task);
 680   }
 681 
 682   ZMarkTask task(this);
 683   _workers->run_concurrent(&task);
 684 }
 685 
 686 bool ZMark::try_complete() {
 687   _ntrycomplete++;
 688 
 689   // Use nconcurrent number of worker threads to maintain the
 690   // worker/stripe distribution used during concurrent mark.
 691   ZMarkTask task(this, ZMarkCompleteTimeout);
 692   _workers->run_concurrent(&task);
 693 
 694   // Successful if all stripes are empty
 695   return _stripes.is_empty();
 696 }
 697 
 698 bool ZMark::try_end() {
 699   // Flush all mark stacks
 700   if (!flush(true /* at_safepoint */)) {
 701     // Mark completed
 702     return true;
 703   }
 704 
 705   // Try complete marking by doing a limited
 706   // amount of mark work in this phase.
 707   return try_complete();
 708 }
 709 
 710 bool ZMark::end() {
 711   // Try end marking
 712   if (!try_end()) {
 713     // Mark not completed
 714     _ncontinue++;
 715     return false;
 716   }
 717 
 718   // Verification
 719   if (ZVerifyMarking) {
 720     verify_all_stacks_empty();
 721   }
 722 
 723   // Update statistics
 724   ZStatMark::set_at_mark_end(_nproactiveflush, _nterminateflush, _ntrycomplete, _ncontinue);
 725 
 726   // Mark completed
 727   return true;
 728 }
 729 
 730 void ZMark::flush_and_free() {
 731   Thread* const thread = Thread::current();
 732   flush_and_free(thread);
 733 }
 734 
 735 bool ZMark::flush_and_free(Thread* thread) {
 736   ZMarkThreadLocalStacks* const stacks = ZThreadLocalData::stacks(thread);
 737   const bool flushed = stacks->flush(&_allocator, &_stripes);
 738   stacks->free(&_allocator);
 739   return flushed;
 740 }
 741 
 742 class ZVerifyMarkStacksEmptyClosure : public ThreadClosure {
 743 private:
 744   const ZMarkStripeSet* const _stripes;
 745 
 746 public:
 747   ZVerifyMarkStacksEmptyClosure(const ZMarkStripeSet* stripes) :
 748       _stripes(stripes) {}
 749 
 750   void do_thread(Thread* thread) {
 751     ZMarkThreadLocalStacks* const stacks = ZThreadLocalData::stacks(thread);
 752     guarantee(stacks->is_empty(_stripes), "Should be empty");
 753   }
 754 };
 755 
 756 void ZMark::verify_all_stacks_empty() const {
 757   // Verify thread stacks
 758   ZVerifyMarkStacksEmptyClosure cl(&_stripes);
 759   Threads::threads_do(&cl);
 760 
 761   // Verify stripe stacks
 762   guarantee(_stripes.is_empty(), "Should be empty");
 763 }