1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "aot/aotLoader.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  30 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
  31 #include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
  32 #include "compiler/compilerOracle.hpp"
  33 #include "gc/shared/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
  34 #include "interpreter/bytecodeHistogram.hpp"
  35 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
  36 #include "jvmci/jvmciCompiler.hpp"
  37 #include "jvmci/jvmciRuntime.hpp"
  38 #endif
  39 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  40 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  41 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  42 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  43 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  44 #include "oops/constantPool.hpp"
  45 #include "oops/generateOopMap.hpp"
  46 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  47 #include "oops/instanceOop.hpp"
  48 #include "oops/method.hpp"
  49 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
  50 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  51 #include "oops/symbol.hpp"
  52 #include "prims/jvm.h"
  53 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  54 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  55 #include "runtime/biasedLocking.hpp"
  56 #include "runtime/compilationPolicy.hpp"
  57 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
  58 #include "runtime/fprofiler.hpp"
  59 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
  60 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.hpp"
  61 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  62 #include "runtime/memprofiler.hpp"
  63 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
  64 #include "runtime/statSampler.hpp"
  65 #include "runtime/sweeper.hpp"
  66 #include "runtime/task.hpp"
  67 #include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
  68 #include "runtime/timer.hpp"
  69 #include "runtime/vm_operations.hpp"
  70 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"
  71 #include "trace/traceMacros.hpp"
  72 #include "trace/tracing.hpp"
  73 #include "utilities/dtrace.hpp"
  74 #include "utilities/globalDefinitions.hpp"
  75 #include "utilities/histogram.hpp"
  76 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  77 #include "utilities/vmError.hpp"
  78 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
  79 #include "gc/cms/concurrentMarkSweepThread.hpp"
  80 #include "gc/parallel/psScavenge.hpp"
  81 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
  82 #ifdef COMPILER1
  83 #include "c1/c1_Compiler.hpp"
  84 #include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
  85 #endif
  86 #ifdef COMPILER2
  87 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
  88 #include "compiler/methodLiveness.hpp"
  89 #include "opto/compile.hpp"
  90 #include "opto/indexSet.hpp"
  91 #include "opto/runtime.hpp"
  92 #endif
  93 
  94 GrowableArray<Method*>* collected_profiled_methods;
  95 
  96 int compare_methods(Method** a, Method** b) {
  97   // %%% there can be 32-bit overflow here
  98   return ((*b)->invocation_count() + (*b)->compiled_invocation_count())
  99        - ((*a)->invocation_count() + (*a)->compiled_invocation_count());
 100 }
 101 
 102 void collect_profiled_methods(Method* m) {
 103   Thread* thread = Thread::current();
 104   methodHandle mh(thread, m);
 105   if ((m->method_data() != NULL) &&
 106       (PrintMethodData || CompilerOracle::should_print(mh))) {
 107     collected_profiled_methods->push(m);
 108   }
 109 }
 110 
 111 void print_method_profiling_data() {
 112   if (ProfileInterpreter COMPILER1_PRESENT(|| C1UpdateMethodData) &&
 113      (PrintMethodData || CompilerOracle::should_print_methods())) {
 114     ResourceMark rm;
 115     HandleMark hm;
 116     collected_profiled_methods = new GrowableArray<Method*>(1024);
 117     SystemDictionary::methods_do(collect_profiled_methods);
 118     collected_profiled_methods->sort(&compare_methods);
 119 
 120     int count = collected_profiled_methods->length();
 121     int total_size = 0;
 122     if (count > 0) {
 123       for (int index = 0; index < count; index++) {
 124         Method* m = collected_profiled_methods->at(index);
 125         ttyLocker ttyl;
 126         tty->print_cr("------------------------------------------------------------------------");
 127         m->print_invocation_count();
 128         tty->print_cr("  mdo size: %d bytes", m->method_data()->size_in_bytes());
 129         tty->cr();
 130         // Dump data on parameters if any
 131         if (m->method_data() != NULL && m->method_data()->parameters_type_data() != NULL) {
 132           tty->fill_to(2);
 133           m->method_data()->parameters_type_data()->print_data_on(tty);
 134         }
 135         m->print_codes();
 136         total_size += m->method_data()->size_in_bytes();
 137       }
 138       tty->print_cr("------------------------------------------------------------------------");
 139       tty->print_cr("Total MDO size: %d bytes", total_size);
 140     }
 141   }
 142 }
 143 
 144 
 145 #ifndef PRODUCT
 146 
 147 // Statistics printing (method invocation histogram)
 148 
 149 GrowableArray<Method*>* collected_invoked_methods;
 150 
 151 void collect_invoked_methods(Method* m) {
 152   if (m->invocation_count() + m->compiled_invocation_count() >= 1 ) {
 153     collected_invoked_methods->push(m);
 154   }
 155 }
 156 
 157 
 158 
 159 
 160 void print_method_invocation_histogram() {
 161   ResourceMark rm;
 162   HandleMark hm;
 163   collected_invoked_methods = new GrowableArray<Method*>(1024);
 164   SystemDictionary::methods_do(collect_invoked_methods);
 165   collected_invoked_methods->sort(&compare_methods);
 166   //
 167   tty->cr();
 168   tty->print_cr("Histogram Over Method Invocation Counters (cutoff = " INTX_FORMAT "):", MethodHistogramCutoff);
 169   tty->cr();
 170   tty->print_cr("____Count_(I+C)____Method________________________Module_________________");
 171   unsigned total = 0, int_total = 0, comp_total = 0, static_total = 0, final_total = 0,
 172       synch_total = 0, nativ_total = 0, acces_total = 0;
 173   for (int index = 0; index < collected_invoked_methods->length(); index++) {
 174     Method* m = collected_invoked_methods->at(index);
 175     int c = m->invocation_count() + m->compiled_invocation_count();
 176     if (c >= MethodHistogramCutoff) m->print_invocation_count();
 177     int_total  += m->invocation_count();
 178     comp_total += m->compiled_invocation_count();
 179     if (m->is_final())        final_total  += c;
 180     if (m->is_static())       static_total += c;
 181     if (m->is_synchronized()) synch_total  += c;
 182     if (m->is_native())       nativ_total  += c;
 183     if (m->is_accessor())     acces_total  += c;
 184   }
 185   tty->cr();
 186   total = int_total + comp_total;
 187   tty->print_cr("Invocations summary:");
 188   tty->print_cr("\t%9d (%4.1f%%) interpreted",  int_total,    100.0 * int_total    / total);
 189   tty->print_cr("\t%9d (%4.1f%%) compiled",     comp_total,   100.0 * comp_total   / total);
 190   tty->print_cr("\t%9d (100%%)  total",         total);
 191   tty->print_cr("\t%9d (%4.1f%%) synchronized", synch_total,  100.0 * synch_total  / total);
 192   tty->print_cr("\t%9d (%4.1f%%) final",        final_total,  100.0 * final_total  / total);
 193   tty->print_cr("\t%9d (%4.1f%%) static",       static_total, 100.0 * static_total / total);
 194   tty->print_cr("\t%9d (%4.1f%%) native",       nativ_total,  100.0 * nativ_total  / total);
 195   tty->print_cr("\t%9d (%4.1f%%) accessor",     acces_total,  100.0 * acces_total  / total);
 196   tty->cr();
 197   SharedRuntime::print_call_statistics(comp_total);
 198 }
 199 
 200 void print_bytecode_count() {
 201   if (CountBytecodes || TraceBytecodes || StopInterpreterAt) {
 202     tty->print_cr("[BytecodeCounter::counter_value = %d]", BytecodeCounter::counter_value());
 203   }
 204 }
 205 
 206 AllocStats alloc_stats;
 207 
 208 
 209 
 210 // General statistics printing (profiling ...)
 211 void print_statistics() {
 212 #ifdef ASSERT
 213 
 214   if (CountRuntimeCalls) {
 215     extern Histogram *RuntimeHistogram;
 216     RuntimeHistogram->print();
 217   }
 218 
 219   if (CountJNICalls) {
 220     extern Histogram *JNIHistogram;
 221     JNIHistogram->print();
 222   }
 223 
 224   if (CountJVMCalls) {
 225     extern Histogram *JVMHistogram;
 226     JVMHistogram->print();
 227   }
 228 
 229 #endif
 230 
 231   if (MemProfiling) {
 232     MemProfiler::disengage();
 233   }
 234 
 235   if (CITime) {
 236     CompileBroker::print_times();
 237   }
 238 
 239 #ifdef COMPILER1
 240   if ((PrintC1Statistics || LogVMOutput || LogCompilation) && UseCompiler) {
 241     FlagSetting fs(DisplayVMOutput, DisplayVMOutput && PrintC1Statistics);
 242     Runtime1::print_statistics();
 243     Deoptimization::print_statistics();
 244     SharedRuntime::print_statistics();
 245   }
 246 #endif /* COMPILER1 */
 247 
 248 #ifdef COMPILER2
 249   if ((PrintOptoStatistics || LogVMOutput || LogCompilation) && UseCompiler) {
 250     FlagSetting fs(DisplayVMOutput, DisplayVMOutput && PrintOptoStatistics);
 251     Compile::print_statistics();
 252 #ifndef COMPILER1
 253     Deoptimization::print_statistics();
 254     SharedRuntime::print_statistics();
 255 #endif //COMPILER1
 256     os::print_statistics();
 257   }
 258 
 259   if (PrintLockStatistics || PrintPreciseBiasedLockingStatistics || PrintPreciseRTMLockingStatistics) {
 260     OptoRuntime::print_named_counters();
 261   }
 262 
 263   if (TimeLivenessAnalysis) {
 264     MethodLiveness::print_times();
 265   }
 266 #ifdef ASSERT
 267   if (CollectIndexSetStatistics) {
 268     IndexSet::print_statistics();
 269   }
 270 #endif // ASSERT
 271 #else
 272 #ifdef INCLUDE_JVMCI
 273 #ifndef COMPILER1
 274   if ((TraceDeoptimization || LogVMOutput || LogCompilation) && UseCompiler) {
 275     FlagSetting fs(DisplayVMOutput, DisplayVMOutput && TraceDeoptimization);
 276     Deoptimization::print_statistics();
 277     SharedRuntime::print_statistics();
 278   }
 279 #endif
 280 #endif
 281 #endif
 282 
 283   if (PrintAOTStatistics) {
 284     AOTLoader::print_statistics();
 285   }
 286 
 287   if (PrintNMethodStatistics) {
 288     nmethod::print_statistics();
 289   }
 290   if (CountCompiledCalls) {
 291     print_method_invocation_histogram();
 292   }
 293 
 294   print_method_profiling_data();
 295 
 296   if (TimeCompilationPolicy) {
 297     CompilationPolicy::policy()->print_time();
 298   }
 299   if (TimeOopMap) {
 300     GenerateOopMap::print_time();
 301   }
 302   if (ProfilerCheckIntervals) {
 303     PeriodicTask::print_intervals();
 304   }
 305   if (PrintSymbolTableSizeHistogram) {
 306     SymbolTable::print_histogram();
 307   }
 308   if (CountBytecodes || TraceBytecodes || StopInterpreterAt) {
 309     BytecodeCounter::print();
 310   }
 311   if (PrintBytecodePairHistogram) {
 312     BytecodePairHistogram::print();
 313   }
 314 
 315   if (PrintCodeCache) {
 316     MutexLockerEx mu(CodeCache_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 317     CodeCache::print();
 318   }
 319 
 320   if (PrintMethodFlushingStatistics) {
 321     NMethodSweeper::print();
 322   }
 323 
 324   if (PrintCodeCache2) {
 325     MutexLockerEx mu(CodeCache_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 326     CodeCache::print_internals();
 327   }
 328 
 329   if (PrintVtableStats) {
 330     klassVtable::print_statistics();
 331     klassItable::print_statistics();
 332   }
 333   if (VerifyOops) {
 334     tty->print_cr("+VerifyOops count: %d", StubRoutines::verify_oop_count());
 335   }
 336 
 337   print_bytecode_count();
 338   if (PrintMallocStatistics) {
 339     tty->print("allocation stats: ");
 340     alloc_stats.print();
 341     tty->cr();
 342   }
 343 
 344   if (PrintSystemDictionaryAtExit) {
 345     SystemDictionary::print();
 346   }
 347 
 348   if (LogTouchedMethods && PrintTouchedMethodsAtExit) {
 349     Method::print_touched_methods(tty);
 350   }
 351 
 352   if (PrintBiasedLockingStatistics) {
 353     BiasedLocking::print_counters();
 354   }
 355 
 356   // Native memory tracking data
 357   if (PrintNMTStatistics) {
 358     MemTracker::final_report(tty);
 359   }
 360 }
 361 
 362 #else // PRODUCT MODE STATISTICS
 363 
 364 void print_statistics() {
 365 
 366   if (PrintMethodData) {
 367     print_method_profiling_data();
 368   }
 369 
 370   if (CITime) {
 371     CompileBroker::print_times();
 372   }
 373 
 374   if (PrintCodeCache) {
 375     MutexLockerEx mu(CodeCache_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 376     CodeCache::print();
 377   }
 378 
 379   if (PrintMethodFlushingStatistics) {
 380     NMethodSweeper::print();
 381   }
 382 
 383 #ifdef COMPILER2
 384   if (PrintPreciseBiasedLockingStatistics || PrintPreciseRTMLockingStatistics) {
 385     OptoRuntime::print_named_counters();
 386   }
 387 #endif
 388   if (PrintBiasedLockingStatistics) {
 389     BiasedLocking::print_counters();
 390   }
 391 
 392   // Native memory tracking data
 393   if (PrintNMTStatistics) {
 394     MemTracker::final_report(tty);
 395   }
 396 
 397   if (LogTouchedMethods && PrintTouchedMethodsAtExit) {
 398     Method::print_touched_methods(tty);
 399   }
 400 }
 401 
 402 #endif
 403 
 404 // Note: before_exit() can be executed only once, if more than one threads
 405 //       are trying to shutdown the VM at the same time, only one thread
 406 //       can run before_exit() and all other threads must wait.
 407 void before_exit(JavaThread* thread) {
 408   #define BEFORE_EXIT_NOT_RUN 0
 409   #define BEFORE_EXIT_RUNNING 1
 410   #define BEFORE_EXIT_DONE    2
 411   static jint volatile _before_exit_status = BEFORE_EXIT_NOT_RUN;
 412 
 413   // Note: don't use a Mutex to guard the entire before_exit(), as
 414   // JVMTI post_thread_end_event and post_vm_death_event will run native code.
 415   // A CAS or OSMutex would work just fine but then we need to manipulate
 416   // thread state for Safepoint. Here we use Monitor wait() and notify_all()
 417   // for synchronization.
 418   { MutexLocker ml(BeforeExit_lock);
 419     switch (_before_exit_status) {
 420     case BEFORE_EXIT_NOT_RUN:
 421       _before_exit_status = BEFORE_EXIT_RUNNING;
 422       break;
 423     case BEFORE_EXIT_RUNNING:
 424       while (_before_exit_status == BEFORE_EXIT_RUNNING) {
 425         BeforeExit_lock->wait();
 426       }
 427       assert(_before_exit_status == BEFORE_EXIT_DONE, "invalid state");
 428       return;
 429     case BEFORE_EXIT_DONE:
 430       // need block to avoid SS compiler bug
 431       {
 432         return;
 433       }
 434     }
 435   }
 436 
 437 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
 438   // We are not using CATCH here because we want the exit to continue normally.
 439   Thread* THREAD = thread;
 440   JVMCIRuntime::shutdown(THREAD);
 441   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 442     HandleMark hm(THREAD);
 443     Handle exception(THREAD, PENDING_EXCEPTION);
 444     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 445     java_lang_Throwable::java_printStackTrace(exception, THREAD);
 446   }
 447 #endif
 448 
 449   // Hang forever on exit if we're reporting an error.
 450   if (ShowMessageBoxOnError && VMError::is_error_reported()) {
 451     os::infinite_sleep();
 452   }
 453 
 454   EventThreadEnd event;
 455   if (event.should_commit()) {
 456     event.set_thread(THREAD_TRACE_ID(thread));
 457     event.commit();
 458   }
 459 
 460   TRACE_VM_EXIT();
 461 
 462   // Stop the WatcherThread. We do this before disenrolling various
 463   // PeriodicTasks to reduce the likelihood of races.
 464   if (PeriodicTask::num_tasks() > 0) {
 465     WatcherThread::stop();
 466   }
 467 
 468   // Print statistics gathered (profiling ...)
 469   if (Arguments::has_profile()) {
 470     FlatProfiler::disengage();
 471     FlatProfiler::print(10);
 472   }
 473 
 474   // shut down the StatSampler task
 475   StatSampler::disengage();
 476   StatSampler::destroy();
 477 
 478   // Stop concurrent GC threads
 479   Universe::heap()->stop();
 480 
 481   // Print GC/heap related information.
 482   Log(gc, heap, exit) log;
 483   if (log.is_info()) {
 484     ResourceMark rm;
 485     LogStream ls_info(log.info());
 486     Universe::print_on(&ls_info);
 487     if (log.is_trace()) {
 488       LogStream ls_trace(log.trace());
 489       ClassLoaderDataGraph::dump_on(&ls_trace);
 490     }
 491   }
 492 
 493   if (PrintBytecodeHistogram) {
 494     BytecodeHistogram::print();
 495   }
 496 
 497   if (JvmtiExport::should_post_thread_life()) {
 498     JvmtiExport::post_thread_end(thread);
 499   }
 500 
 501   // Always call even when there are not JVMTI environments yet, since environments
 502   // may be attached late and JVMTI must track phases of VM execution
 503   JvmtiExport::post_vm_death();
 504   Threads::shutdown_vm_agents();
 505 
 506   // Terminate the signal thread
 507   // Note: we don't wait until it actually dies.
 508   os::terminate_signal_thread();
 509 
 510   print_statistics();
 511   Universe::heap()->print_tracing_info();
 512 
 513   { MutexLocker ml(BeforeExit_lock);
 514     _before_exit_status = BEFORE_EXIT_DONE;
 515     BeforeExit_lock->notify_all();
 516   }
 517 
 518   if (VerifyStringTableAtExit) {
 519     int fail_cnt = 0;
 520     {
 521       MutexLocker ml(StringTable_lock);
 522       fail_cnt = StringTable::verify_and_compare_entries();
 523     }
 524 
 525     if (fail_cnt != 0) {
 526       tty->print_cr("ERROR: fail_cnt=%d", fail_cnt);
 527       guarantee(fail_cnt == 0, "unexpected StringTable verification failures");
 528     }
 529   }
 530 
 531   #undef BEFORE_EXIT_NOT_RUN
 532   #undef BEFORE_EXIT_RUNNING
 533   #undef BEFORE_EXIT_DONE
 534 }
 535 
 536 void vm_exit(int code) {
 537   Thread* thread =
 538       ThreadLocalStorage::is_initialized() ? Thread::current_or_null() : NULL;
 539   if (thread == NULL) {
 540     // very early initialization failure -- just exit
 541     vm_direct_exit(code);
 542   }
 543 
 544   if (VMThread::vm_thread() != NULL) {
 545     // Fire off a VM_Exit operation to bring VM to a safepoint and exit
 546     VM_Exit op(code);
 547     if (thread->is_Java_thread())
 548       ((JavaThread*)thread)->set_thread_state(_thread_in_vm);
 549     VMThread::execute(&op);
 550     // should never reach here; but in case something wrong with VM Thread.
 551     vm_direct_exit(code);
 552   } else {
 553     // VM thread is gone, just exit
 554     vm_direct_exit(code);
 555   }
 556   ShouldNotReachHere();
 557 }
 558 
 559 void notify_vm_shutdown() {
 560   // For now, just a dtrace probe.
 561   HOTSPOT_VM_SHUTDOWN();
 562   HS_DTRACE_WORKAROUND_TAIL_CALL_BUG();
 563 }
 564 
 565 void vm_direct_exit(int code) {
 566   notify_vm_shutdown();
 567   os::wait_for_keypress_at_exit();
 568   os::exit(code);
 569 }
 570 
 571 void vm_perform_shutdown_actions() {
 572   // Warning: do not call 'exit_globals()' here. All threads are still running.
 573   // Calling 'exit_globals()' will disable thread-local-storage and cause all
 574   // kinds of assertions to trigger in debug mode.
 575   if (is_init_completed()) {
 576     Thread* thread = Thread::current_or_null();
 577     if (thread != NULL && thread->is_Java_thread()) {
 578       // We are leaving the VM, set state to native (in case any OS exit
 579       // handlers call back to the VM)
 580       JavaThread* jt = (JavaThread*)thread;
 581       // Must always be walkable or have no last_Java_frame when in
 582       // thread_in_native
 583       jt->frame_anchor()->make_walkable(jt);
 584       jt->set_thread_state(_thread_in_native);
 585     }
 586   }
 587   notify_vm_shutdown();
 588 }
 589 
 590 void vm_shutdown()
 591 {
 592   vm_perform_shutdown_actions();
 593   os::wait_for_keypress_at_exit();
 594   os::shutdown();
 595 }
 596 
 597 void vm_abort(bool dump_core) {
 598   vm_perform_shutdown_actions();
 599   os::wait_for_keypress_at_exit();
 600 
 601   // Flush stdout and stderr before abort.
 602   fflush(stdout);
 603   fflush(stderr);
 604 
 605   os::abort(dump_core);
 606   ShouldNotReachHere();
 607 }
 608 
 609 void vm_notify_during_shutdown(const char* error, const char* message) {
 610   if (error != NULL) {
 611     tty->print_cr("Error occurred during initialization of VM");
 612     tty->print("%s", error);
 613     if (message != NULL) {
 614       tty->print_cr(": %s", message);
 615     }
 616     else {
 617       tty->cr();
 618     }
 619   }
 620   if (ShowMessageBoxOnError && WizardMode) {
 621     fatal("Error occurred during initialization of VM");
 622   }
 623 }
 624 
 625 void vm_exit_during_initialization() {
 626   vm_notify_during_shutdown(NULL, NULL);
 627 
 628   // Failure during initialization, we don't want to dump core
 629   vm_abort(false);
 630 }
 631 
 632 void vm_exit_during_initialization(Handle exception) {
 633   tty->print_cr("Error occurred during initialization of VM");
 634   // If there are exceptions on this thread it must be cleared
 635   // first and here. Any future calls to EXCEPTION_MARK requires
 636   // that no pending exceptions exist.
 637   Thread *THREAD = Thread::current(); // can't be NULL
 638   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 639     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 640   }
 641   java_lang_Throwable::print_stack_trace(exception, tty);
 642   tty->cr();
 643   vm_notify_during_shutdown(NULL, NULL);
 644 
 645   // Failure during initialization, we don't want to dump core
 646   vm_abort(false);
 647 }
 648 
 649 void vm_exit_during_initialization(Symbol* ex, const char* message) {
 650   ResourceMark rm;
 651   vm_notify_during_shutdown(ex->as_C_string(), message);
 652 
 653   // Failure during initialization, we don't want to dump core
 654   vm_abort(false);
 655 }
 656 
 657 void vm_exit_during_initialization(const char* error, const char* message) {
 658   vm_notify_during_shutdown(error, message);
 659 
 660   // Failure during initialization, we don't want to dump core
 661   vm_abort(false);
 662 }
 663 
 664 void vm_shutdown_during_initialization(const char* error, const char* message) {
 665   vm_notify_during_shutdown(error, message);
 666   vm_shutdown();
 667 }
 668 
 669 JDK_Version JDK_Version::_current;
 670 const char* JDK_Version::_runtime_name;
 671 const char* JDK_Version::_runtime_version;
 672 
 673 void JDK_Version::initialize() {
 674   jdk_version_info info;
 675   assert(!_current.is_valid(), "Don't initialize twice");
 676 
 677   void *lib_handle = os::native_java_library();
 678   jdk_version_info_fn_t func = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(jdk_version_info_fn_t,
 679      os::dll_lookup(lib_handle, "JDK_GetVersionInfo0"));
 680 
 681   assert(func != NULL, "Support for JDK 1.5 or older has been removed after JEP-223");
 682 
 683   (*func)(&info, sizeof(info));
 684 
 685   int major = JDK_VERSION_MAJOR(info.jdk_version);
 686   int minor = JDK_VERSION_MINOR(info.jdk_version);
 687   int security = JDK_VERSION_SECURITY(info.jdk_version);
 688   int build = JDK_VERSION_BUILD(info.jdk_version);
 689 
 690   // Incompatible with pre-4243978 JDK.
 691   if (info.pending_list_uses_discovered_field == 0) {
 692     vm_exit_during_initialization(
 693       "Incompatible JDK is not using Reference.discovered field for pending list");
 694   }
 695   _current = JDK_Version(major, minor, security, info.patch_version, build,
 696                          info.thread_park_blocker == 1,
 697                          info.post_vm_init_hook_enabled == 1);
 698 }
 699 
 700 void JDK_Version_init() {
 701   JDK_Version::initialize();
 702 }
 703 
 704 static int64_t encode_jdk_version(const JDK_Version& v) {
 705   return
 706     ((int64_t)v.major_version()          << (BitsPerByte * 4)) |
 707     ((int64_t)v.minor_version()          << (BitsPerByte * 3)) |
 708     ((int64_t)v.security_version()       << (BitsPerByte * 2)) |
 709     ((int64_t)v.patch_version()          << (BitsPerByte * 1)) |
 710     ((int64_t)v.build_number()           << (BitsPerByte * 0));
 711 }
 712 
 713 int JDK_Version::compare(const JDK_Version& other) const {
 714   assert(is_valid() && other.is_valid(), "Invalid version (uninitialized?)");
 715   uint64_t e = encode_jdk_version(*this);
 716   uint64_t o = encode_jdk_version(other);
 717   return (e > o) ? 1 : ((e == o) ? 0 : -1);
 718 }
 719 
 720 void JDK_Version::to_string(char* buffer, size_t buflen) const {
 721   assert(buffer && buflen > 0, "call with useful buffer");
 722   size_t index = 0;
 723 
 724   if (!is_valid()) {
 725     jio_snprintf(buffer, buflen, "%s", "(uninitialized)");
 726   } else {
 727     int rc = jio_snprintf(
 728         &buffer[index], buflen - index, "%d.%d", _major, _minor);
 729     if (rc == -1) return;
 730     index += rc;
 731     if (_security > 0) {
 732       rc = jio_snprintf(&buffer[index], buflen - index, ".%d", _security);
 733       if (rc == -1) return;
 734       index += rc;
 735     }
 736     if (_patch > 0) {
 737       rc = jio_snprintf(&buffer[index], buflen - index, ".%d", _patch);
 738       if (rc == -1) return;
 739       index += rc;
 740     }
 741     if (_build > 0) {
 742       rc = jio_snprintf(&buffer[index], buflen - index, "+%d", _build);
 743       if (rc == -1) return;
 744       index += rc;
 745     }
 746   }
 747 }