1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "jvm.h"
  27 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/javaAssertions.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  32 #include "gc/shared/gcArguments.hpp"
  33 #include "gc/shared/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
  34 #include "gc/shared/referenceProcessor.hpp"
  35 #include "gc/shared/taskqueue.hpp"
  36 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  37 #include "logging/logConfiguration.hpp"
  38 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  39 #include "logging/logTag.hpp"
  40 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  41 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
  42 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  43 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  44 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  45 #include "runtime/arguments_ext.hpp"
  46 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagConstraintList.hpp"
  47 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagWriteableList.hpp"
  48 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagRangeList.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  51 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
  53 #include "runtime/safepointMechanism.hpp"
  54 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
  55 #include "services/management.hpp"
  56 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"
  57 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
  58 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  59 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  60 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
  61 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
  62 #include "jvmci/jvmciRuntime.hpp"
  63 #endif
  64 
  65 // Note: This is a special bug reporting site for the JVM
  66 #define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG "http://bugreport.java.com/bugreport/crash.jsp"
  67 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER  "generic"
  68 
  69 char*  Arguments::_jvm_flags_file               = NULL;
  70 char** Arguments::_jvm_flags_array              = NULL;
  71 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_flags                = 0;
  72 char** Arguments::_jvm_args_array               = NULL;
  73 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_args                 = 0;
  74 char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = NULL;
  75 SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = NULL;
  76 const char*  Arguments::_gc_log_filename        = NULL;
  77 size_t Arguments::_conservative_max_heap_alignment = 0;
  78 size_t Arguments::_min_heap_size                = 0;
  79 Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
  80 bool   Arguments::_java_compiler                = false;
  81 bool   Arguments::_xdebug_mode                  = false;
  82 const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG;
  83 const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
  84 int    Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_pid        = -1;
  85 bool   Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm  = false;
  86 
  87 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args()
  88 bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
  89 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
  90 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
  91 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
  92 intx   Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog     = Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
  93 intx   Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold     = Tier4InvocationThreshold;
  94 
  95 char*  Arguments::SharedArchivePath             = NULL;
  96 
  97 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_libraryList;
  98 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_agentList;
  99 
 100 abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = NULL;
 101 exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = NULL;
 102 vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = NULL;
 103 
 104 
 105 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = NULL;
 106 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = NULL;
 107 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = NULL;
 108 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = NULL;
 109 SystemProperty *Arguments::_jdk_boot_class_path_append = NULL;
 110 
 111 GrowableArray<ModulePatchPath*> *Arguments::_patch_mod_prefix = NULL;
 112 PathString *Arguments::_system_boot_class_path = NULL;
 113 bool Arguments::_has_jimage = false;
 114 
 115 char* Arguments::_ext_dirs = NULL;
 116 
 117 // Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' to the remaining
 118 // part of the option string.
 119 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
 120                          const char** tail) {
 121   size_t len = strlen(name);
 122   if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
 123     *tail = option->optionString + len;
 124     return true;
 125   } else {
 126     return false;
 127   }
 128 }
 129 
 130 // Check if 'option' matches 'name'. No "tail" is allowed.
 131 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name) {
 132   const char* tail = NULL;
 133   bool result = match_option(option, name, &tail);
 134   if (tail != NULL && *tail == '\0') {
 135     return result;
 136   } else {
 137     return false;
 138   }
 139 }
 140 
 141 // Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
 142 // If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
 143 // the option must match exactly.
 144 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
 145   bool tail_allowed) {
 146   for (/* empty */; *names != NULL; ++names) {
 147   if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
 148       if (**tail == '\0' || (tail_allowed && **tail == ':')) {
 149         return true;
 150       }
 151     }
 152   }
 153   return false;
 154 }
 155 
 156 static void logOption(const char* opt) {
 157   if (PrintVMOptions) {
 158     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
 159   }
 160 }
 161 
 162 bool needs_module_property_warning = false;
 163 
 164 #define MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX "jdk.module."
 165 #define MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN 11
 166 #define ADDEXPORTS "addexports"
 167 #define ADDEXPORTS_LEN 10
 168 #define ADDREADS "addreads"
 169 #define ADDREADS_LEN 8
 170 #define ADDOPENS "addopens"
 171 #define ADDOPENS_LEN 8
 172 #define PATCH "patch"
 173 #define PATCH_LEN 5
 174 #define ADDMODS "addmods"
 175 #define ADDMODS_LEN 7
 176 #define LIMITMODS "limitmods"
 177 #define LIMITMODS_LEN 9
 178 #define PATH "path"
 179 #define PATH_LEN 4
 180 #define UPGRADE_PATH "upgrade.path"
 181 #define UPGRADE_PATH_LEN 12
 182 
 183 // Return TRUE if option matches 'property', or 'property=', or 'property.'.
 184 static bool matches_property_suffix(const char* option, const char* property, size_t len) {
 185   return ((strncmp(option, property, len) == 0) &&
 186           (option[len] == '=' || option[len] == '.' || option[len] == '\0'));
 187 }
 188 
 189 // Return true if property starts with "jdk.module." and its ensuing chars match
 190 // any of the reserved module properties.
 191 // property should be passed without the leading "-D".
 192 bool Arguments::is_internal_module_property(const char* property) {
 193   assert((strncmp(property, "-D", 2) != 0), "Unexpected leading -D");
 194   if  (strncmp(property, MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX, MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN) == 0) {
 195     const char* property_suffix = property + MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN;
 196     if (matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDEXPORTS, ADDEXPORTS_LEN) ||
 197         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDREADS, ADDREADS_LEN) ||
 198         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDOPENS, ADDOPENS_LEN) ||
 199         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, PATCH, PATCH_LEN) ||
 200         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDMODS, ADDMODS_LEN) ||
 201         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, LIMITMODS, LIMITMODS_LEN) ||
 202         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, PATH, PATH_LEN) ||
 203         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, UPGRADE_PATH, UPGRADE_PATH_LEN)) {
 204       return true;
 205     }
 206   }
 207   return false;
 208 }
 209 
 210 // Process java launcher properties.
 211 void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
 212   // See if sun.java.launcher, sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm or
 213   // sun.java.launcher.pid is defined.
 214   // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
 215   // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
 216   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
 217     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
 218     const char* tail;
 219 
 220     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
 221       process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
 222       continue;
 223     }
 224     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.is_altjvm=", &tail)) {
 225       if (strcmp(tail, "true") == 0) {
 226         _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm = true;
 227       }
 228       continue;
 229     }
 230     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.pid=", &tail)) {
 231       _sun_java_launcher_pid = atoi(tail);
 232       continue;
 233     }
 234   }
 235 }
 236 
 237 // Initialize system properties key and value.
 238 void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
 239 
 240   // Set up _system_boot_class_path which is not a property but
 241   // relies heavily on argument processing and the jdk.boot.class.path.append
 242   // property. It is used to store the underlying system boot class path.
 243   _system_boot_class_path = new PathString(NULL);
 244 
 245   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
 246                                                            "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
 247   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
 248   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
 249   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(),  true));
 250   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("jdk.debug", VM_Version::jdk_debug_level(),  false));
 251 
 252   // Following are JVMTI agent writable properties.
 253   // Properties values are set to NULL and they are
 254   // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
 255   _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", NULL,  true);
 256   _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", NULL,  true);
 257   _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", NULL,  true);
 258   _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
 259   // jdk.boot.class.path.append is a non-writeable, internal property.
 260   // It can only be set by either:
 261   //    - -Xbootclasspath/a:
 262   //    - AddToBootstrapClassLoaderSearch during JVMTI OnLoad phase
 263   _jdk_boot_class_path_append = new SystemProperty("jdk.boot.class.path.append", "", false, true);
 264 
 265   // Add to System Property list.
 266   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
 267   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
 268   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
 269   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
 270   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _jdk_boot_class_path_append);
 271 
 272   // Set OS specific system properties values
 273   os::init_system_properties_values();
 274 }
 275 
 276 // Update/Initialize System properties after JDK version number is known
 277 void Arguments::init_version_specific_system_properties() {
 278   enum { bufsz = 16 };
 279   char buffer[bufsz];
 280   const char* spec_vendor = "Oracle Corporation";
 281   uint32_t spec_version = JDK_Version::current().major_version();
 282 
 283   jio_snprintf(buffer, bufsz, UINT32_FORMAT, spec_version);
 284 
 285   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 286       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",  spec_vendor, false));
 287   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 288       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", buffer, false));
 289   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 290       new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
 291 }
 292 
 293 /*
 294  *  -XX argument processing:
 295  *
 296  *  -XX arguments are defined in several places, such as:
 297  *      globals.hpp, globals_<cpu>.hpp, globals_<os>.hpp, <compiler>_globals.hpp, or <gc>_globals.hpp.
 298  *  -XX arguments are parsed in parse_argument().
 299  *  -XX argument bounds checking is done in check_vm_args_consistency().
 300  *
 301  * Over time -XX arguments may change. There are mechanisms to handle common cases:
 302  *
 303  *      ALIASED: An option that is simply another name for another option. This is often
 304  *               part of the process of deprecating a flag, but not all aliases need
 305  *               to be deprecated.
 306  *
 307  *               Create an alias for an option by adding the old and new option names to the
 308  *               "aliased_jvm_flags" table. Delete the old variable from globals.hpp (etc).
 309  *
 310  *   DEPRECATED: An option that is supported, but a warning is printed to let the user know that
 311  *               support may be removed in the future. Both regular and aliased options may be
 312  *               deprecated.
 313  *
 314  *               Add a deprecation warning for an option (or alias) by adding an entry in the
 315  *               "special_jvm_flags" table and setting the "deprecated_in" field.
 316  *               Often an option "deprecated" in one major release will
 317  *               be made "obsolete" in the next. In this case the entry should also have its
 318  *               "obsolete_in" field set.
 319  *
 320  *     OBSOLETE: An option that has been removed (and deleted from globals.hpp), but is still accepted
 321  *               on the command line. A warning is printed to let the user know that option might not
 322  *               be accepted in the future.
 323  *
 324  *               Add an obsolete warning for an option by adding an entry in the "special_jvm_flags"
 325  *               table and setting the "obsolete_in" field.
 326  *
 327  *      EXPIRED: A deprecated or obsolete option that has an "accept_until" version less than or equal
 328  *               to the current JDK version. The system will flatly refuse to admit the existence of
 329  *               the flag. This allows a flag to die automatically over JDK releases.
 330  *
 331  *               Note that manual cleanup of expired options should be done at major JDK version upgrades:
 332  *                  - Newly expired options should be removed from the special_jvm_flags and aliased_jvm_flags tables.
 333  *                  - Newly obsolete or expired deprecated options should have their global variable
 334  *                    definitions removed (from globals.hpp, etc) and related implementations removed.
 335  *
 336  * Recommended approach for removing options:
 337  *
 338  * To remove options commonly used by customers (e.g. product, commercial -XX options), use
 339  * the 3-step model adding major release numbers to the deprecate, obsolete and expire columns.
 340  *
 341  * To remove internal options (e.g. diagnostic, experimental, develop options), use
 342  * a 2-step model adding major release numbers to the obsolete and expire columns.
 343  *
 344  * To change the name of an option, use the alias table as well as a 2-step
 345  * model adding major release numbers to the deprecate and expire columns.
 346  * Think twice about aliasing commonly used customer options.
 347  *
 348  * There are times when it is appropriate to leave a future release number as undefined.
 349  *
 350  * Tests:  Aliases should be tested in VMAliasOptions.java.
 351  *         Deprecated options should be tested in VMDeprecatedOptions.java.
 352  */
 353 
 354 // The special_jvm_flags table declares options that are being deprecated and/or obsoleted. The
 355 // "deprecated_in" or "obsolete_in" fields may be set to "undefined", but not both.
 356 // When the JDK version reaches 'deprecated_in' limit, the JVM will process this flag on
 357 // the command-line as usual, but will issue a warning.
 358 // When the JDK version reaches 'obsolete_in' limit, the JVM will continue accepting this flag on
 359 // the command-line, while issuing a warning and ignoring the flag value.
 360 // Once the JDK version reaches 'expired_in' limit, the JVM will flatly refuse to admit the
 361 // existence of the flag.
 362 //
 363 // MANUAL CLEANUP ON JDK VERSION UPDATES:
 364 // This table ensures that the handling of options will update automatically when the JDK
 365 // version is incremented, but the source code needs to be cleanup up manually:
 366 // - As "deprecated" options age into "obsolete" or "expired" options, the associated "globals"
 367 //   variable should be removed, as well as users of the variable.
 368 // - As "deprecated" options age into "obsolete" options, move the entry into the
 369 //   "Obsolete Flags" section of the table.
 370 // - All expired options should be removed from the table.
 371 static SpecialFlag const special_jvm_flags[] = {
 372   // -------------- Deprecated Flags --------------
 373   // --- Non-alias flags - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
 374   { "MaxGCMinorPauseMillis",        JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 375   { "UseConcMarkSweepGC",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 376   { "AssumeMP",                     JDK_Version::jdk(10),JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 377   { "MonitorInUseLists",            JDK_Version::jdk(10),JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 378   { "MaxRAMFraction",               JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 379   { "MinRAMFraction",               JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 380   { "InitialRAMFraction",           JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 381   { "UseMembar",                    JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(11), JDK_Version::jdk(12) },
 382   { "FastTLABRefill",               JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(11), JDK_Version::jdk(12) },
 383   { "UseCGroupMemoryLimitForHeap",  JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(11) },
 384   { "IgnoreUnverifiableClassesDuringDump", JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 385 
 386   // --- Deprecated alias flags (see also aliased_jvm_flags) - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
 387   { "DefaultMaxRAMFraction",        JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 388   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",        JDK_Version::jdk(9),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 389   { "MustCallLoadClassInternal",    JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 390   { "UnsyncloadClass",              JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 391 
 392   // -------------- Obsolete Flags - sorted by expired_in --------------
 393   { "ConvertSleepToYield",           JDK_Version::jdk(9),      JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(11) },
 394   { "ConvertYieldToSleep",           JDK_Version::jdk(9),      JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(11) },
 395   { "MinSleepInterval",              JDK_Version::jdk(9),      JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(11) },
 396   { "PermSize",                      JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::undefined() },
 397   { "MaxPermSize",                   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::undefined() },
 398   { "SharedReadWriteSize",           JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 399   { "SharedReadOnlySize",            JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 400   { "SharedMiscDataSize",            JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 401   { "SharedMiscCodeSize",            JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 402 
 403 #ifdef TEST_VERIFY_SPECIAL_JVM_FLAGS
 404   { "dep > obs",                    JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 405   { "dep > exp ",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 406   { "obs > exp ",                   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 407   { "not deprecated or obsolete",   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 408   { "dup option",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 409   { "dup option",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 410   { "BytecodeVerificationRemote",   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 411 #endif
 412 
 413   { NULL, JDK_Version(0), JDK_Version(0) }
 414 };
 415 
 416 // Flags that are aliases for other flags.
 417 typedef struct {
 418   const char* alias_name;
 419   const char* real_name;
 420 } AliasedFlag;
 421 
 422 static AliasedFlag const aliased_jvm_flags[] = {
 423   { "DefaultMaxRAMFraction",    "MaxRAMFraction"    },
 424   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",    "CreateCoredumpOnCrash" },
 425   { NULL, NULL}
 426 };
 427 
 428 // NOTE: A compatibility request will be necessary for each alias to be removed.
 429 static AliasedLoggingFlag const aliased_logging_flags[] = {
 430   { "PrintCompressedOopsMode",   LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(gc, heap, coops) },
 431   { "PrintSharedSpaces",         LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(cds) },
 432   { "TraceBiasedLocking",        LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(biasedlocking) },
 433   { "TraceClassLoading",         LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, load) },
 434   { "TraceClassLoadingPreorder", LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(class, preorder) },
 435   { "TraceClassPaths",           LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, path) },
 436   { "TraceClassResolution",      LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(class, resolve) },
 437   { "TraceClassUnloading",       LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, unload) },
 438   { "TraceExceptions",           LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(exceptions) },
 439   { "TraceLoaderConstraints",    LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, loader, constraints) },
 440   { "TraceMonitorInflation",     LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(monitorinflation) },
 441   { "TraceSafepointCleanupTime", LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(safepoint, cleanup) },
 442   { "TraceJVMTIObjectTagging",   LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(jvmti, objecttagging) },
 443   { "TraceRedefineClasses",      LogLevel::Info,  false, LOG_TAGS(redefine, class) },
 444   { NULL,                        LogLevel::Off,   false, LOG_TAGS(_NO_TAG) }
 445 };
 446 
 447 #ifndef PRODUCT
 448 // These options are removed in jdk9. Remove this code for jdk10.
 449 static AliasedFlag const removed_develop_logging_flags[] = {
 450   { "TraceClassInitialization",   "-Xlog:class+init" },
 451   { "TraceClassLoaderData",       "-Xlog:class+loader+data" },
 452   { "TraceDefaultMethods",        "-Xlog:defaultmethods=debug" },
 453   { "TraceItables",               "-Xlog:itables=debug" },
 454   { "TraceMonitorMismatch",       "-Xlog:monitormismatch=info" },
 455   { "TraceSafepoint",             "-Xlog:safepoint=debug" },
 456   { "TraceStartupTime",           "-Xlog:startuptime" },
 457   { "TraceVMOperation",           "-Xlog:vmoperation=debug" },
 458   { "PrintVtables",               "-Xlog:vtables=debug" },
 459   { "VerboseVerification",        "-Xlog:verification" },
 460   { NULL, NULL }
 461 };
 462 #endif //PRODUCT
 463 
 464 // Return true if "v" is less than "other", where "other" may be "undefined".
 465 static bool version_less_than(JDK_Version v, JDK_Version other) {
 466   assert(!v.is_undefined(), "must be defined");
 467   if (!other.is_undefined() && v.compare(other) >= 0) {
 468     return false;
 469   } else {
 470     return true;
 471   }
 472 }
 473 
 474 extern bool lookup_special_flag_ext(const char *flag_name, SpecialFlag& flag);
 475 
 476 static bool lookup_special_flag(const char *flag_name, SpecialFlag& flag) {
 477   // Allow extensions to have priority
 478   if (lookup_special_flag_ext(flag_name, flag)) {
 479     return true;
 480   }
 481 
 482   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 483     if ((strcmp(special_jvm_flags[i].name, flag_name) == 0)) {
 484       flag = special_jvm_flags[i];
 485       return true;
 486     }
 487   }
 488   return false;
 489 }
 490 
 491 bool Arguments::is_obsolete_flag(const char *flag_name, JDK_Version* version) {
 492   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 493   SpecialFlag flag;
 494   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
 495     if (!flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 496       if (version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 497         *version = flag.obsolete_in;
 498         return true;
 499       }
 500     }
 501   }
 502   return false;
 503 }
 504 
 505 int Arguments::is_deprecated_flag(const char *flag_name, JDK_Version* version) {
 506   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 507   SpecialFlag flag;
 508   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
 509     if (!flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined()) {
 510       if (version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in) &&
 511           version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 512         *version = flag.deprecated_in;
 513         return 1;
 514       } else {
 515         return -1;
 516       }
 517     }
 518   }
 519   return 0;
 520 }
 521 
 522 #ifndef PRODUCT
 523 const char* Arguments::removed_develop_logging_flag_name(const char* name){
 524   for (size_t i = 0; removed_develop_logging_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
 525     const AliasedFlag& flag = removed_develop_logging_flags[i];
 526     if (strcmp(flag.alias_name, name) == 0) {
 527       return flag.real_name;
 528     }
 529   }
 530   return NULL;
 531 }
 532 #endif // PRODUCT
 533 
 534 const char* Arguments::real_flag_name(const char *flag_name) {
 535   for (size_t i = 0; aliased_jvm_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
 536     const AliasedFlag& flag_status = aliased_jvm_flags[i];
 537     if (strcmp(flag_status.alias_name, flag_name) == 0) {
 538         return flag_status.real_name;
 539     }
 540   }
 541   return flag_name;
 542 }
 543 
 544 #ifdef ASSERT
 545 static bool lookup_special_flag(const char *flag_name, size_t skip_index) {
 546   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 547     if ((i != skip_index) && (strcmp(special_jvm_flags[i].name, flag_name) == 0)) {
 548       return true;
 549     }
 550   }
 551   return false;
 552 }
 553 
 554 static bool verify_special_jvm_flags() {
 555   bool success = true;
 556   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 557     const SpecialFlag& flag = special_jvm_flags[i];
 558     if (lookup_special_flag(flag.name, i)) {
 559       warning("Duplicate special flag declaration \"%s\"", flag.name);
 560       success = false;
 561     }
 562     if (flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined() &&
 563         flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 564       warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must declare version deprecated and/or obsoleted in.", flag.name);
 565       success = false;
 566     }
 567 
 568     if (!flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined()) {
 569       if (!version_less_than(flag.deprecated_in, flag.obsolete_in)) {
 570         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be deprecated before obsoleted.", flag.name);
 571         success = false;
 572       }
 573 
 574       if (!version_less_than(flag.deprecated_in, flag.expired_in)) {
 575         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be deprecated before expired.", flag.name);
 576         success = false;
 577       }
 578     }
 579 
 580     if (!flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 581       if (!version_less_than(flag.obsolete_in, flag.expired_in)) {
 582         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be obsoleted before expired.", flag.name);
 583         success = false;
 584       }
 585 
 586       // if flag has become obsolete it should not have a "globals" flag defined anymore.
 587       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in)) {
 588         if (Flag::find_flag(flag.name) != NULL) {
 589           warning("Global variable for obsolete special flag entry \"%s\" should be removed", flag.name);
 590           success = false;
 591         }
 592       }
 593     }
 594 
 595     if (!flag.expired_in.is_undefined()) {
 596       // if flag has become expired it should not have a "globals" flag defined anymore.
 597       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 598         if (Flag::find_flag(flag.name) != NULL) {
 599           warning("Global variable for expired flag entry \"%s\" should be removed", flag.name);
 600           success = false;
 601         }
 602       }
 603     }
 604 
 605   }
 606   return success;
 607 }
 608 #endif
 609 
 610 // Parses a size specification string.
 611 bool Arguments::atojulong(const char *s, julong* result) {
 612   julong n = 0;
 613 
 614   // First char must be a digit. Don't allow negative numbers or leading spaces.
 615   if (!isdigit(*s)) {
 616     return false;
 617   }
 618 
 619   bool is_hex = (s[0] == '0' && (s[1] == 'x' || s[1] == 'X'));
 620   char* remainder;
 621   errno = 0;
 622   n = strtoull(s, &remainder, (is_hex ? 16 : 10));
 623   if (errno != 0) {
 624     return false;
 625   }
 626 
 627   // Fail if no number was read at all or if the remainder contains more than a single non-digit character.
 628   if (remainder == s || strlen(remainder) > 1) {
 629     return false;
 630   }
 631 
 632   switch (*remainder) {
 633     case 'T': case 't':
 634       *result = n * G * K;
 635       // Check for overflow.
 636       if (*result/((julong)G * K) != n) return false;
 637       return true;
 638     case 'G': case 'g':
 639       *result = n * G;
 640       if (*result/G != n) return false;
 641       return true;
 642     case 'M': case 'm':
 643       *result = n * M;
 644       if (*result/M != n) return false;
 645       return true;
 646     case 'K': case 'k':
 647       *result = n * K;
 648       if (*result/K != n) return false;
 649       return true;
 650     case '\0':
 651       *result = n;
 652       return true;
 653     default:
 654       return false;
 655   }
 656 }
 657 
 658 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(julong size, julong min_size, julong max_size) {
 659   if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
 660   if (size > max_size) return arg_too_big;
 661   return arg_in_range;
 662 }
 663 
 664 // Describe an argument out of range error
 665 void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
 666   switch(errcode) {
 667   case arg_too_big:
 668     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 669                 "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
 670                 "representable size.\n");
 671     break;
 672   case arg_too_small:
 673   case arg_unreadable:
 674   case arg_in_range:
 675     // do nothing for now
 676     break;
 677   default:
 678     ShouldNotReachHere();
 679   }
 680 }
 681 
 682 static bool set_bool_flag(const char* name, bool value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 683   if (CommandLineFlags::boolAtPut(name, &value, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 684     return true;
 685   } else {
 686     return false;
 687   }
 688 }
 689 
 690 static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(const char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 691   char* end;
 692   errno = 0;
 693   double v = strtod(value, &end);
 694   if ((errno != 0) || (*end != 0)) {
 695     return false;
 696   }
 697 
 698   if (CommandLineFlags::doubleAtPut(name, &v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 699     return true;
 700   }
 701   return false;
 702 }
 703 
 704 static bool set_numeric_flag(const char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 705   julong v;
 706   int int_v;
 707   intx intx_v;
 708   bool is_neg = false;
 709   Flag* result = Flag::find_flag(name, strlen(name));
 710 
 711   if (result == NULL) {
 712     return false;
 713   }
 714 
 715   // Check the sign first since atojulong() parses only unsigned values.
 716   if (*value == '-') {
 717     if (!result->is_intx() && !result->is_int()) {
 718       return false;
 719     }
 720     value++;
 721     is_neg = true;
 722   }
 723   if (!Arguments::atojulong(value, &v)) {
 724     return false;
 725   }
 726   if (result->is_int()) {
 727     int_v = (int) v;
 728     if (is_neg) {
 729       int_v = -int_v;
 730     }
 731     return CommandLineFlags::intAtPut(result, &int_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 732   } else if (result->is_uint()) {
 733     uint uint_v = (uint) v;
 734     return CommandLineFlags::uintAtPut(result, &uint_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 735   } else if (result->is_intx()) {
 736     intx_v = (intx) v;
 737     if (is_neg) {
 738       intx_v = -intx_v;
 739     }
 740     return CommandLineFlags::intxAtPut(result, &intx_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 741   } else if (result->is_uintx()) {
 742     uintx uintx_v = (uintx) v;
 743     return CommandLineFlags::uintxAtPut(result, &uintx_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 744   } else if (result->is_uint64_t()) {
 745     uint64_t uint64_t_v = (uint64_t) v;
 746     return CommandLineFlags::uint64_tAtPut(result, &uint64_t_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 747   } else if (result->is_size_t()) {
 748     size_t size_t_v = (size_t) v;
 749     return CommandLineFlags::size_tAtPut(result, &size_t_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 750   } else if (result->is_double()) {
 751     double double_v = (double) v;
 752     return CommandLineFlags::doubleAtPut(result, &double_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 753   } else {
 754     return false;
 755   }
 756 }
 757 
 758 static bool set_string_flag(const char* name, const char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 759   if (CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin) != Flag::SUCCESS) return false;
 760   // Contract:  CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 761   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 762   return true;
 763 }
 764 
 765 static bool append_to_string_flag(const char* name, const char* new_value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 766   const char* old_value = "";
 767   if (CommandLineFlags::ccstrAt(name, &old_value) != Flag::SUCCESS) return false;
 768   size_t old_len = old_value != NULL ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
 769   size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
 770   const char* value;
 771   char* free_this_too = NULL;
 772   if (old_len == 0) {
 773     value = new_value;
 774   } else if (new_len == 0) {
 775     value = old_value;
 776   } else {
 777      size_t length = old_len + 1 + new_len + 1;
 778      char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtArguments);
 779     // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
 780     jio_snprintf(buf, length, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
 781     value = buf;
 782     free_this_too = buf;
 783   }
 784   (void) CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 785   // CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 786   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 787   if (free_this_too != NULL) {
 788     // CommandLineFlags made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
 789     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too);
 790   }
 791   return true;
 792 }
 793 
 794 const char* Arguments::handle_aliases_and_deprecation(const char* arg, bool warn) {
 795   const char* real_name = real_flag_name(arg);
 796   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
 797   switch (is_deprecated_flag(arg, &since)) {
 798     case -1:
 799       return NULL; // obsolete or expired, don't process normally
 800     case 0:
 801       return real_name;
 802     case 1: {
 803       if (warn) {
 804         char version[256];
 805         since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
 806         if (real_name != arg) {
 807           warning("Option %s was deprecated in version %s and will likely be removed in a future release. Use option %s instead.",
 808                   arg, version, real_name);
 809         } else {
 810           warning("Option %s was deprecated in version %s and will likely be removed in a future release.",
 811                   arg, version);
 812         }
 813       }
 814       return real_name;
 815     }
 816   }
 817   ShouldNotReachHere();
 818   return NULL;
 819 }
 820 
 821 void log_deprecated_flag(const char* name, bool on, AliasedLoggingFlag alf) {
 822   LogTagType tagSet[] = {alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5};
 823   // Set tagset string buffer at max size of 256, large enough for any alias tagset
 824   const int max_tagset_size = 256;
 825   int max_tagset_len = max_tagset_size - 1;
 826   char tagset_buffer[max_tagset_size];
 827   tagset_buffer[0] = '\0';
 828 
 829   // Write tag-set for aliased logging option, in string list form
 830   int max_tags = sizeof(tagSet)/sizeof(tagSet[0]);
 831   for (int i = 0; i < max_tags && tagSet[i] != LogTag::__NO_TAG; i++) {
 832     if (i > 0) {
 833       strncat(tagset_buffer, "+", max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 834     }
 835     strncat(tagset_buffer, LogTag::name(tagSet[i]), max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 836   }
 837   if (!alf.exactMatch) {
 838       strncat(tagset_buffer, "*", max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 839   }
 840   log_warning(arguments)("-XX:%s%s is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:%s=%s instead.",
 841                          (on) ? "+" : "-",
 842                          name,
 843                          tagset_buffer,
 844                          (on) ? LogLevel::name(alf.level) : "off");
 845 }
 846 
 847 AliasedLoggingFlag Arguments::catch_logging_aliases(const char* name, bool on){
 848   for (size_t i = 0; aliased_logging_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
 849     const AliasedLoggingFlag& alf = aliased_logging_flags[i];
 850     if (strcmp(alf.alias_name, name) == 0) {
 851       log_deprecated_flag(name, on, alf);
 852       return alf;
 853     }
 854   }
 855   AliasedLoggingFlag a = {NULL, LogLevel::Off, false, LOG_TAGS(_NO_TAG)};
 856   return a;
 857 }
 858 
 859 bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, Flag::Flags origin) {
 860 
 861   // range of acceptable characters spelled out for portability reasons
 862 #define NAME_RANGE  "[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_]"
 863 #define BUFLEN 255
 864   char name[BUFLEN+1];
 865   char dummy;
 866   const char* real_name;
 867   bool warn_if_deprecated = true;
 868 
 869   if (sscanf(arg, "-%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 870     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, false);
 871     if (alf.alias_name != NULL){
 872       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Off, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
 873       return true;
 874     }
 875     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 876     if (real_name == NULL) {
 877       return false;
 878     }
 879     return set_bool_flag(real_name, false, origin);
 880   }
 881   if (sscanf(arg, "+%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 882     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, true);
 883     if (alf.alias_name != NULL){
 884       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(alf.level, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
 885       return true;
 886     }
 887     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 888     if (real_name == NULL) {
 889       return false;
 890     }
 891     return set_bool_flag(real_name, true, origin);
 892   }
 893 
 894   char punct;
 895   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 896     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 897     Flag* flag;
 898 
 899     // this scanf pattern matches both strings (handled here) and numbers (handled later))
 900     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, true);
 901     if (alf.alias_name != NULL) {
 902       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(alf.level, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
 903       return true;
 904     }
 905     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 906     if (real_name == NULL) {
 907       return false;
 908     }
 909     flag = Flag::find_flag(real_name);
 910     if (flag != NULL && flag->is_ccstr()) {
 911       if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
 912         return append_to_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
 913       } else {
 914         if (value[0] == '\0') {
 915           value = NULL;
 916         }
 917         return set_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
 918       }
 919     } else {
 920       warn_if_deprecated = false; // if arg is deprecated, we've already done warning...
 921     }
 922   }
 923 
 924   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE ":%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 925     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 926     // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
 927     if (value[0] == '\0') {
 928       value = NULL;
 929     }
 930     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 931     if (real_name == NULL) {
 932       return false;
 933     }
 934     return set_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
 935   }
 936 
 937 #define SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "[-0123456789.eE+]"
 938 #define SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE    "[-0123456789]"
 939 #define        NUMBER_RANGE    "[0123456789eE+-]"
 940   char value[BUFLEN + 1];
 941   char value2[BUFLEN + 1];
 942   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE "." "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, value2, &dummy) == 3) {
 943     // Looks like a floating-point number -- try again with more lenient format string
 944     if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 945       real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 946       if (real_name == NULL) {
 947         return false;
 948       }
 949       return set_fp_numeric_flag(real_name, value, origin);
 950     }
 951   }
 952 
 953 #define VALUE_RANGE "[-kmgtxKMGTX0123456789abcdefABCDEF]"
 954   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) VALUE_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 955     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 956     if (real_name == NULL) {
 957       return false;
 958     }
 959     return set_numeric_flag(real_name, value, origin);
 960   }
 961 
 962   return false;
 963 }
 964 
 965 void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
 966   assert(bldarray != NULL, "illegal argument");
 967 
 968   if (arg == NULL) {
 969     return;
 970   }
 971 
 972   int new_count = *count + 1;
 973 
 974   // expand the array and add arg to the last element
 975   if (*bldarray == NULL) {
 976     *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, new_count, mtArguments);
 977   } else {
 978     *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, new_count, mtArguments);
 979   }
 980   (*bldarray)[*count] = os::strdup_check_oom(arg);
 981   *count = new_count;
 982 }
 983 
 984 void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
 985   add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
 986 }
 987 
 988 void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
 989   add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
 990 }
 991 
 992 // utility function to return a string that concatenates all
 993 // strings in a given char** array
 994 const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
 995   if (args == NULL || count == 0) {
 996     return NULL;
 997   }
 998   size_t length = 0;
 999   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1000     length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space or NULL terminating character
1001   }
1002   char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
1003   char* dst = s;
1004   for (int j = 0; j < count; j++) {
1005     size_t offset = strlen(args[j]) + 1; // add 1 for a space or NULL terminating character
1006     jio_snprintf(dst, length, "%s ", args[j]); // jio_snprintf will replace the last space character with NULL character
1007     dst += offset;
1008     length -= offset;
1009   }
1010   return (const char*) s;
1011 }
1012 
1013 void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
1014   st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
1015   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
1016     st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
1017     st->cr();
1018   }
1019   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
1020     st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
1021     st->cr();
1022   }
1023   st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
1024   if (_java_class_path != NULL) {
1025     char* path = _java_class_path->value();
1026     st->print_cr("java_class_path (initial): %s", strlen(path) == 0 ? "<not set>" : path );
1027   }
1028   st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
1029 }
1030 
1031 void Arguments::print_summary_on(outputStream* st) {
1032   // Print the command line.  Environment variables that are helpful for
1033   // reproducing the problem are written later in the hs_err file.
1034   // flags are from setting file
1035   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
1036     st->print_raw("Settings File: ");
1037     print_jvm_flags_on(st);
1038     st->cr();
1039   }
1040   // args are the command line and environment variable arguments.
1041   st->print_raw("Command Line: ");
1042   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
1043     print_jvm_args_on(st);
1044   }
1045   // this is the classfile and any arguments to the java program
1046   if (java_command() != NULL) {
1047     st->print("%s", java_command());
1048   }
1049   st->cr();
1050 }
1051 
1052 void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
1053   if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
1054     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
1055       st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
1056     }
1057   }
1058 }
1059 
1060 void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
1061   if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
1062     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
1063       st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
1064     }
1065   }
1066 }
1067 
1068 bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg,
1069                                  jboolean ignore_unrecognized,
1070                                  Flag::Flags origin) {
1071   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
1072 
1073   if (parse_argument(arg, origin)) {
1074     return true;
1075   }
1076 
1077   // Determine if the flag has '+', '-', or '=' characters.
1078   bool has_plus_minus = (*arg == '+' || *arg == '-');
1079   const char* const argname = has_plus_minus ? arg + 1 : arg;
1080 
1081   size_t arg_len;
1082   const char* equal_sign = strchr(argname, '=');
1083   if (equal_sign == NULL) {
1084     arg_len = strlen(argname);
1085   } else {
1086     arg_len = equal_sign - argname;
1087   }
1088 
1089   // Only make the obsolete check for valid arguments.
1090   if (arg_len <= BUFLEN) {
1091     // Construct a string which consists only of the argument name without '+', '-', or '='.
1092     char stripped_argname[BUFLEN+1]; // +1 for '\0'
1093     jio_snprintf(stripped_argname, arg_len+1, "%s", argname); // +1 for '\0'
1094     if (is_obsolete_flag(stripped_argname, &since)) {
1095       char version[256];
1096       since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
1097       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", stripped_argname, version);
1098       return true;
1099     }
1100 #ifndef PRODUCT
1101     else {
1102       const char* replacement;
1103       if ((replacement = removed_develop_logging_flag_name(stripped_argname)) != NULL){
1104         log_warning(arguments)("%s has been removed. Please use %s instead.",
1105                                stripped_argname,
1106                                replacement);
1107         return false;
1108       }
1109     }
1110 #endif //PRODUCT
1111   }
1112 
1113   // For locked flags, report a custom error message if available.
1114   // Otherwise, report the standard unrecognized VM option.
1115   Flag* found_flag = Flag::find_flag((const char*)argname, arg_len, true, true);
1116   if (found_flag != NULL) {
1117     char locked_message_buf[BUFLEN];
1118     Flag::MsgType msg_type = found_flag->get_locked_message(locked_message_buf, BUFLEN);
1119     if (strlen(locked_message_buf) == 0) {
1120       if (found_flag->is_bool() && !has_plus_minus) {
1121         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1122           "Missing +/- setting for VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1123       } else if (!found_flag->is_bool() && has_plus_minus) {
1124         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1125           "Unexpected +/- setting in VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1126       } else {
1127         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1128           "Improperly specified VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1129       }
1130     } else {
1131 #ifdef PRODUCT
1132       bool mismatched = ((msg_type == Flag::NOTPRODUCT_FLAG_BUT_PRODUCT_BUILD) ||
1133                          (msg_type == Flag::DEVELOPER_FLAG_BUT_PRODUCT_BUILD));
1134       if (ignore_unrecognized && mismatched) {
1135         return true;
1136       }
1137 #endif
1138       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s", locked_message_buf);
1139     }
1140   } else {
1141     if (ignore_unrecognized) {
1142       return true;
1143     }
1144     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1145                 "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1146     Flag* fuzzy_matched = Flag::fuzzy_match((const char*)argname, arg_len, true);
1147     if (fuzzy_matched != NULL) {
1148       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1149                   "Did you mean '%s%s%s'? ",
1150                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "(+/-)" : "",
1151                   fuzzy_matched->_name,
1152                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "" : "=<value>");
1153     }
1154   }
1155 
1156   // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
1157   return arg[0] == '#';
1158 }
1159 
1160 bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
1161   FILE* stream = fopen(file_name, "rb");
1162   if (stream == NULL) {
1163     if (should_exist) {
1164       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1165                   "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
1166       return false;
1167     } else {
1168       return true;
1169     }
1170   }
1171 
1172   char token[1024];
1173   int  pos = 0;
1174 
1175   bool in_white_space = true;
1176   bool in_comment     = false;
1177   bool in_quote       = false;
1178   char quote_c        = 0;
1179   bool result         = true;
1180 
1181   int c = getc(stream);
1182   while(c != EOF && pos < (int)(sizeof(token)-1)) {
1183     if (in_white_space) {
1184       if (in_comment) {
1185         if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
1186       } else {
1187         if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
1188         else if (!isspace(c)) {
1189           in_white_space = false;
1190           token[pos++] = c;
1191         }
1192       }
1193     } else {
1194       if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace(c))) {
1195         // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
1196         // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
1197         token[pos] = '\0';
1198         logOption(token);
1199         result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
1200         build_jvm_flags(token);
1201         pos = 0;
1202         in_white_space = true;
1203         in_quote = false;
1204       } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
1205         in_quote = true;
1206         quote_c = c;
1207       } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
1208         in_quote = false;
1209       } else {
1210         token[pos++] = c;
1211       }
1212     }
1213     c = getc(stream);
1214   }
1215   if (pos > 0) {
1216     token[pos] = '\0';
1217     result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
1218     build_jvm_flags(token);
1219   }
1220   fclose(stream);
1221   return result;
1222 }
1223 
1224 //=============================================================================================================
1225 // Parsing of properties (-D)
1226 
1227 const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
1228   return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
1229 }
1230 
1231 bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop, PropertyWriteable writeable, PropertyInternal internal) {
1232   const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
1233   const char* key;
1234   const char* value = "";
1235 
1236   if (eq == NULL) {
1237     // property doesn't have a value, thus use passed string
1238     key = prop;
1239   } else {
1240     // property have a value, thus extract it and save to the
1241     // allocated string
1242     size_t key_len = eq - prop;
1243     char* tmp_key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, mtArguments);
1244 
1245     jio_snprintf(tmp_key, key_len + 1, "%s", prop);
1246     key = tmp_key;
1247 
1248     value = &prop[key_len + 1];
1249   }
1250 
1251   if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
1252     process_java_compiler_argument(value);
1253     // Record value in Arguments, but let it get passed to Java.
1254   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm") == 0 ||
1255              strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.pid") == 0) {
1256     // sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm and sun.java.launcher.pid property are
1257     // private and are processed in process_sun_java_launcher_properties();
1258     // the sun.java.launcher property is passed on to the java application
1259   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.boot.library.path") == 0) {
1260     // append is true, writable is true, internal is false
1261     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, AppendProperty,
1262                             WriteableProperty, ExternalProperty);
1263   } else {
1264     if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
1265       char *old_java_command = _java_command;
1266       _java_command = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtArguments);
1267       if (old_java_command != NULL) {
1268         os::free(old_java_command);
1269       }
1270     } else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
1271       const char* old_java_vendor_url_bug = _java_vendor_url_bug;
1272       // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
1273       // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
1274       _java_vendor_url_bug = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtArguments);
1275       if (old_java_vendor_url_bug != DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG) {
1276         assert(old_java_vendor_url_bug != NULL, "_java_vendor_url_bug is NULL");
1277         os::free((void *)old_java_vendor_url_bug);
1278       }
1279     }
1280 
1281     // Create new property and add at the end of the list
1282     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, AddProperty, writeable, internal);
1283   }
1284 
1285   if (key != prop) {
1286     // SystemProperty copy passed value, thus free previously allocated
1287     // memory
1288     FreeHeap((void *)key);
1289   }
1290 
1291   return true;
1292 }
1293 
1294 #if INCLUDE_CDS
1295 void Arguments::check_unsupported_dumping_properties() {
1296   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "this function is only used with -Xshare:dump");
1297   const char* unsupported_properties[] = { "jdk.module.main",
1298                                            "jdk.module.limitmods",
1299                                            "jdk.module.path",
1300                                            "jdk.module.upgrade.path",
1301                                            "jdk.module.patch.0" };
1302   const char* unsupported_options[] = { "-m", // cannot use at dump time
1303                                         "--limit-modules", // ignored at dump time
1304                                         "--module-path", // ignored at dump time
1305                                         "--upgrade-module-path", // ignored at dump time
1306                                         "--patch-module" // ignored at dump time
1307                                       };
1308   assert(ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_properties) == ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_options), "must be");
1309   // If a vm option is found in the unsupported_options array with index less than the info_idx,
1310   // vm will exit with an error message. Otherwise, it will print an informational message if
1311   // -Xlog:cds is enabled.
1312   uint info_idx = 1;
1313   SystemProperty* sp = system_properties();
1314   while (sp != NULL) {
1315     for (uint i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_properties); i++) {
1316       if (strcmp(sp->key(), unsupported_properties[i]) == 0) {
1317         if (i < info_idx) {
1318           vm_exit_during_initialization(
1319             "Cannot use the following option when dumping the shared archive", unsupported_options[i]);
1320         } else {
1321           log_info(cds)("Info: the %s option is ignored when dumping the shared archive",
1322                         unsupported_options[i]);
1323         }
1324       }
1325     }
1326     sp = sp->next();
1327   }
1328 
1329   // Check for an exploded module build in use with -Xshare:dump.
1330   if (!has_jimage()) {
1331     vm_exit_during_initialization("Dumping the shared archive is not supported with an exploded module build");
1332   }
1333 }
1334 #endif
1335 
1336 //===========================================================================================================
1337 // Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
1338 
1339 void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
1340   // Set up default values for all flags.
1341   // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
1342   // add a default value for it here.
1343   set_java_compiler(false);
1344   _mode                      = mode;
1345 
1346   // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
1347   // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
1348   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
1349                           VM_Version::vm_info_string(), AddProperty, UnwriteableProperty, ExternalProperty);
1350 
1351   UseInterpreter             = true;
1352   UseCompiler                = true;
1353   UseLoopCounter             = true;
1354 
1355   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
1356   // use the saved values
1357   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
1358   AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1359   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
1360   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
1361   if (TieredCompilation) {
1362     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog)) {
1363       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
1364     }
1365     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(Tier4InvocationThreshold)) {
1366       Tier4InvocationThreshold = Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold;
1367     }
1368   }
1369 
1370   // Change from defaults based on mode
1371   switch (mode) {
1372   default:
1373     ShouldNotReachHere();
1374     break;
1375   case _int:
1376     UseCompiler              = false;
1377     UseLoopCounter           = false;
1378     AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
1379     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
1380     break;
1381   case _mixed:
1382     // same as default
1383     break;
1384   case _comp:
1385     UseInterpreter           = false;
1386     BackgroundCompilation    = false;
1387     ClipInlining             = false;
1388     // Be much more aggressive in tiered mode with -Xcomp and exercise C2 more.
1389     // We will first compile a level 3 version (C1 with full profiling), then do one invocation of it and
1390     // compile a level 4 (C2) and then continue executing it.
1391     if (TieredCompilation) {
1392       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1393       Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1394     }
1395     break;
1396   }
1397 }
1398 
1399 // Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
1400 // incompatible command line options were chosen.
1401 static void no_shared_spaces(const char* message) {
1402   if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1403     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1404       "Class data sharing is inconsistent with other specified options.\n");
1405     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive.", message);
1406   } else {
1407     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
1408   }
1409 }
1410 
1411 // Returns threshold scaled with the value of scale.
1412 // If scale < 0.0, threshold is returned without scaling.
1413 intx Arguments::scaled_compile_threshold(intx threshold, double scale) {
1414   if (scale == 1.0 || scale < 0.0) {
1415     return threshold;
1416   } else {
1417     return (intx)(threshold * scale);
1418   }
1419 }
1420 
1421 // Returns freq_log scaled with the value of scale.
1422 // Returned values are in the range of [0, InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits + 1].
1423 // If scale < 0.0, freq_log is returned without scaling.
1424 intx Arguments::scaled_freq_log(intx freq_log, double scale) {
1425   // Check if scaling is necessary or if negative value was specified.
1426   if (scale == 1.0 || scale < 0.0) {
1427     return freq_log;
1428   }
1429   // Check values to avoid calculating log2 of 0.
1430   if (scale == 0.0 || freq_log == 0) {
1431     return 0;
1432   }
1433   // Determine the maximum notification frequency value currently supported.
1434   // The largest mask value that the interpreter/C1 can handle is
1435   // of length InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits. Mask values are always
1436   // one bit shorter then the value of the notification frequency. Set
1437   // max_freq_bits accordingly.
1438   intx max_freq_bits = InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits + 1;
1439   intx scaled_freq = scaled_compile_threshold((intx)1 << freq_log, scale);
1440   if (scaled_freq == 0) {
1441     // Return 0 right away to avoid calculating log2 of 0.
1442     return 0;
1443   } else if (scaled_freq > nth_bit(max_freq_bits)) {
1444     return max_freq_bits;
1445   } else {
1446     return log2_intptr(scaled_freq);
1447   }
1448 }
1449 
1450 void Arguments::set_tiered_flags() {
1451   // With tiered, set default policy to AdvancedThresholdPolicy, which is 3.
1452   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice)) {
1453     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice, 3);
1454   }
1455   if (CompilationPolicyChoice < 2) {
1456     vm_exit_during_initialization(
1457       "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
1458   }
1459   // Increase the code cache size - tiered compiles a lot more.
1460   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1461     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize,
1462                   MIN2(CODE_CACHE_DEFAULT_LIMIT, ReservedCodeCacheSize * 5));
1463   }
1464   // Enable SegmentedCodeCache if TieredCompilation is enabled and ReservedCodeCacheSize >= 240M
1465   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SegmentedCodeCache) && ReservedCodeCacheSize >= 240*M) {
1466     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, SegmentedCodeCache, true);
1467   }
1468   if (!UseInterpreter) { // -Xcomp
1469     Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1470     Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1471   }
1472 
1473   if (CompileThresholdScaling < 0) {
1474     vm_exit_during_initialization("Negative value specified for CompileThresholdScaling", NULL);
1475   }
1476 
1477   // Scale tiered compilation thresholds.
1478   // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is equivalent to -Xint and leaves compilation thresholds unchanged.
1479   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThresholdScaling) && CompileThresholdScaling > 0.0) {
1480     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1481     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1482 
1483     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3InvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3InvocationThreshold));
1484     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3MinInvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3MinInvocationThreshold));
1485     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3CompileThreshold));
1486     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3BackEdgeThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3BackEdgeThreshold));
1487 
1488     // Tier2{Invocation,MinInvocation,Compile,Backedge}Threshold should be scaled here
1489     // once these thresholds become supported.
1490 
1491     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1492     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1493 
1494     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1495     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1496 
1497     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog));
1498 
1499     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4InvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4InvocationThreshold));
1500     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4MinInvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4MinInvocationThreshold));
1501     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4CompileThreshold));
1502     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4BackEdgeThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4BackEdgeThreshold));
1503   }
1504 }
1505 
1506 void set_object_alignment() {
1507   // Object alignment.
1508   assert(is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes), "ObjectAlignmentInBytes must be power of 2");
1509   MinObjAlignmentInBytes     = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1510   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes >= HeapWordsPerLong * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is too small");
1511   MinObjAlignment            = MinObjAlignmentInBytes / HeapWordSize;
1512   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes == MinObjAlignment * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is incorrect");
1513   MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask = MinObjAlignmentInBytes - 1;
1514 
1515   LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes  = exact_log2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1516   LogMinObjAlignment         = LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes - LogHeapWordSize;
1517 
1518   // Oop encoding heap max
1519   OopEncodingHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1) << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1520 
1521   if (SurvivorAlignmentInBytes == 0) {
1522     SurvivorAlignmentInBytes = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1523   }
1524 }
1525 
1526 size_t Arguments::max_heap_for_compressed_oops() {
1527   // Avoid sign flip.
1528   assert(OopEncodingHeapMax > (uint64_t)os::vm_page_size(), "Unusual page size");
1529   // We need to fit both the NULL page and the heap into the memory budget, while
1530   // keeping alignment constraints of the heap. To guarantee the latter, as the
1531   // NULL page is located before the heap, we pad the NULL page to the conservative
1532   // maximum alignment that the GC may ever impose upon the heap.
1533   size_t displacement_due_to_null_page = align_up((size_t)os::vm_page_size(),
1534                                                   _conservative_max_heap_alignment);
1535 
1536   LP64_ONLY(return OopEncodingHeapMax - displacement_due_to_null_page);
1537   NOT_LP64(ShouldNotReachHere(); return 0);
1538 }
1539 
1540 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_oops() {
1541 #ifndef ZERO
1542 #ifdef _LP64
1543   // MaxHeapSize is not set up properly at this point, but
1544   // the only value that can override MaxHeapSize if we are
1545   // to use UseCompressedOops is InitialHeapSize.
1546   size_t max_heap_size = MAX2(MaxHeapSize, InitialHeapSize);
1547 
1548   if (max_heap_size <= max_heap_for_compressed_oops()) {
1549 #if !defined(COMPILER1) || defined(TIERED)
1550     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1551       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedOops, true);
1552     }
1553 #endif
1554   } else {
1555     if (UseCompressedOops && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1556       warning("Max heap size too large for Compressed Oops");
1557       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false);
1558       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1559     }
1560   }
1561 #endif // _LP64
1562 #endif // ZERO
1563 }
1564 
1565 
1566 // NOTE: set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1567 // set_use_compressed_oops().
1568 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() {
1569 #ifndef ZERO
1570 #ifdef _LP64
1571   // UseCompressedOops must be on for UseCompressedClassPointers to be on.
1572   if (!UseCompressedOops) {
1573     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1574       warning("UseCompressedClassPointers requires UseCompressedOops");
1575     }
1576     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1577   } else {
1578     // Turn on UseCompressedClassPointers too
1579     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers)) {
1580       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedClassPointers, true);
1581     }
1582     // Check the CompressedClassSpaceSize to make sure we use compressed klass ptrs.
1583     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1584       if (CompressedClassSpaceSize > KlassEncodingMetaspaceMax) {
1585         warning("CompressedClassSpaceSize is too large for UseCompressedClassPointers");
1586         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1587       }
1588     }
1589   }
1590 #endif // _LP64
1591 #endif // !ZERO
1592 }
1593 
1594 void Arguments::set_conservative_max_heap_alignment() {
1595   // The conservative maximum required alignment for the heap is the maximum of
1596   // the alignments imposed by several sources: any requirements from the heap
1597   // itself, the collector policy and the maximum page size we may run the VM
1598   // with.
1599   size_t heap_alignment = GCArguments::arguments()->conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1600   _conservative_max_heap_alignment = MAX4(heap_alignment,
1601                                           (size_t)os::vm_allocation_granularity(),
1602                                           os::max_page_size(),
1603                                           CollectorPolicy::compute_heap_alignment());
1604 }
1605 
1606 #ifdef TIERED
1607 bool Arguments::compilation_mode_selected() {
1608  return !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TieredCompilation) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TieredStopAtLevel) ||
1609         !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseAOT) JVMCI_ONLY(|| !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EnableJVMCI) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseJVMCICompiler));
1610 
1611 }
1612 
1613 void Arguments::select_compilation_mode_ergonomically() {
1614 #if defined(_WINDOWS) && !defined(_LP64)
1615   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NeverActAsServerClassMachine)) {
1616     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, NeverActAsServerClassMachine, true);
1617   }
1618 #endif
1619   if (NeverActAsServerClassMachine) {
1620     set_client_compilation_mode();
1621   }
1622 }
1623 #endif //TIERED
1624 
1625 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
1626 void Arguments::set_jvmci_specific_flags() {
1627   if (UseJVMCICompiler) {
1628     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileWidth)) {
1629       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(TypeProfileWidth, 8);
1630     }
1631     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OnStackReplacePercentage)) {
1632       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OnStackReplacePercentage, 933);
1633     }
1634     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1635       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize, 64*M);
1636     }
1637     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialCodeCacheSize)) {
1638       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InitialCodeCacheSize, 16*M);
1639     }
1640     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MetaspaceSize)) {
1641       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MetaspaceSize, 12*M);
1642     }
1643     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSizeThreadIncrease)) {
1644       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(NewSizeThreadIncrease, 4*K);
1645     }
1646     if (TieredStopAtLevel != CompLevel_full_optimization) {
1647       // Currently JVMCI compiler can only work at the full optimization level
1648       warning("forcing TieredStopAtLevel to full optimization because JVMCI is enabled");
1649       TieredStopAtLevel = CompLevel_full_optimization;
1650     }
1651     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel)) {
1652       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel, 0);
1653     }
1654   }
1655 }
1656 #endif
1657 
1658 jint Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
1659 #ifdef TIERED
1660   if (!compilation_mode_selected()) {
1661     select_compilation_mode_ergonomically();
1662   }
1663 #endif
1664 
1665   jint gc_result = GCArguments::initialize();
1666   if (gc_result != JNI_OK) {
1667     return gc_result;
1668   }
1669 
1670 #if COMPILER2_OR_JVMCI
1671   // Shared spaces work fine with other GCs but causes bytecode rewriting
1672   // to be disabled, which hurts interpreter performance and decreases
1673   // server performance.  When -server is specified, keep the default off
1674   // unless it is asked for.  Future work: either add bytecode rewriting
1675   // at link time, or rewrite bytecodes in non-shared methods.
1676   if (is_server_compilation_mode_vm() && !DumpSharedSpaces && !RequireSharedSpaces &&
1677       (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces) || !UseSharedSpaces)) {
1678     no_shared_spaces("COMPILER2 default: -Xshare:auto | off, have to manually setup to on.");
1679   }
1680 #endif
1681 
1682   set_conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1683 
1684 #ifndef ZERO
1685 #ifdef _LP64
1686   set_use_compressed_oops();
1687 
1688   // set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1689   // set_use_compressed_oops().
1690   set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs();
1691 
1692   // Also checks that certain machines are slower with compressed oops
1693   // in vm_version initialization code.
1694 #endif // _LP64
1695 #endif // !ZERO
1696 
1697   return JNI_OK;
1698 }
1699 
1700 void Arguments::set_gc_specific_flags() {
1701   // Set GC flags
1702   GCArguments::arguments()->initialize_flags();
1703 }
1704 
1705 julong Arguments::limit_by_allocatable_memory(julong limit) {
1706   julong max_allocatable;
1707   julong result = limit;
1708   if (os::has_allocatable_memory_limit(&max_allocatable)) {
1709     result = MIN2(result, max_allocatable / MaxVirtMemFraction);
1710   }
1711   return result;
1712 }
1713 
1714 // Use static initialization to get the default before parsing
1715 static const size_t DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress = HeapBaseMinAddress;
1716 
1717 void Arguments::set_heap_size() {
1718   julong phys_mem =
1719     FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM) ? MIN2(os::physical_memory(), (julong)MaxRAM)
1720                             : (julong)MaxRAM;
1721 
1722   // Experimental support for CGroup memory limits
1723   if (UseCGroupMemoryLimitForHeap) {
1724     // This is a rough indicator that a CGroup limit may be in force
1725     // for this process
1726     const char* lim_file = "/sys/fs/cgroup/memory/memory.limit_in_bytes";
1727     FILE *fp = fopen(lim_file, "r");
1728     if (fp != NULL) {
1729       julong cgroup_max = 0;
1730       int ret = fscanf(fp, JULONG_FORMAT, &cgroup_max);
1731       if (ret == 1 && cgroup_max > 0) {
1732         // If unlimited, cgroup_max will be a very large, but unspecified
1733         // value, so use initial phys_mem as a limit
1734         log_info(gc, heap)("Setting phys_mem to the min of cgroup limit ("
1735                            JULONG_FORMAT "MB) and initial phys_mem ("
1736                            JULONG_FORMAT "MB)", cgroup_max/M, phys_mem/M);
1737         phys_mem = MIN2(cgroup_max, phys_mem);
1738       } else {
1739         warning("Unable to read/parse cgroup memory limit from %s: %s",
1740                 lim_file, errno != 0 ? strerror(errno) : "unknown error");
1741       }
1742       fclose(fp);
1743     } else {
1744       warning("Unable to open cgroup memory limit file %s (%s)", lim_file, strerror(errno));
1745     }
1746   }
1747 
1748   // Convert deprecated flags
1749   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAMPercentage) &&
1750       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAMFraction))
1751     MaxRAMPercentage = 100.0 / MaxRAMFraction;
1752 
1753   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinRAMPercentage) &&
1754       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinRAMFraction))
1755     MinRAMPercentage = 100.0 / MinRAMFraction;
1756 
1757   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialRAMPercentage) &&
1758       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialRAMFraction))
1759     InitialRAMPercentage = 100.0 / InitialRAMFraction;
1760 
1761   // If the maximum heap size has not been set with -Xmx,
1762   // then set it as fraction of the size of physical memory,
1763   // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1764   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1765     julong reasonable_max = (julong)((phys_mem * MaxRAMPercentage) / 100);
1766     const julong reasonable_min = (julong)((phys_mem * MinRAMPercentage) / 100);
1767     if (reasonable_min < MaxHeapSize) {
1768       // Small physical memory, so use a minimum fraction of it for the heap
1769       reasonable_max = reasonable_min;
1770     } else {
1771       // Not-small physical memory, so require a heap at least
1772       // as large as MaxHeapSize
1773       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1774     }
1775 
1776     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ErgoHeapSizeLimit) && ErgoHeapSizeLimit != 0) {
1777       // Limit the heap size to ErgoHeapSizeLimit
1778       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, (julong)ErgoHeapSizeLimit);
1779     }
1780     if (UseCompressedOops) {
1781       // Limit the heap size to the maximum possible when using compressed oops
1782       julong max_coop_heap = (julong)max_heap_for_compressed_oops();
1783 
1784       // HeapBaseMinAddress can be greater than default but not less than.
1785       if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(HeapBaseMinAddress)) {
1786         if (HeapBaseMinAddress < DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress) {
1787           // matches compressed oops printing flags
1788           log_debug(gc, heap, coops)("HeapBaseMinAddress must be at least " SIZE_FORMAT
1789                                      " (" SIZE_FORMAT "G) which is greater than value given " SIZE_FORMAT,
1790                                      DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress,
1791                                      DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress/G,
1792                                      HeapBaseMinAddress);
1793           FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, HeapBaseMinAddress, DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress);
1794         }
1795       }
1796 
1797       if (HeapBaseMinAddress + MaxHeapSize < max_coop_heap) {
1798         // Heap should be above HeapBaseMinAddress to get zero based compressed oops
1799         // but it should be not less than default MaxHeapSize.
1800         max_coop_heap -= HeapBaseMinAddress;
1801       }
1802       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, max_coop_heap);
1803     }
1804     reasonable_max = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_max);
1805 
1806     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialHeapSize)) {
1807       // An initial heap size was specified on the command line,
1808       // so be sure that the maximum size is consistent.  Done
1809       // after call to limit_by_allocatable_memory because that
1810       // method might reduce the allocation size.
1811       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)InitialHeapSize);
1812     }
1813 
1814     log_trace(gc, heap)("  Maximum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t) reasonable_max);
1815     FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, MaxHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_max);
1816   }
1817 
1818   // If the minimum or initial heap_size have not been set or requested to be set
1819   // ergonomically, set them accordingly.
1820   if (InitialHeapSize == 0 || min_heap_size() == 0) {
1821     julong reasonable_minimum = (julong)(OldSize + NewSize);
1822 
1823     reasonable_minimum = MIN2(reasonable_minimum, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1824 
1825     reasonable_minimum = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_minimum);
1826 
1827     if (InitialHeapSize == 0) {
1828       julong reasonable_initial = (julong)((phys_mem * InitialRAMPercentage) / 100);
1829 
1830       reasonable_initial = MAX3(reasonable_initial, reasonable_minimum, (julong)min_heap_size());
1831       reasonable_initial = MIN2(reasonable_initial, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1832 
1833       reasonable_initial = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_initial);
1834 
1835       log_trace(gc, heap)("  Initial heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
1836       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, InitialHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
1837     }
1838     // If the minimum heap size has not been set (via -Xms),
1839     // synchronize with InitialHeapSize to avoid errors with the default value.
1840     if (min_heap_size() == 0) {
1841       set_min_heap_size(MIN2((size_t)reasonable_minimum, InitialHeapSize));
1842       log_trace(gc, heap)("  Minimum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, min_heap_size());
1843     }
1844   }
1845 }
1846 
1847 // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
1848 // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
1849 // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
1850 // amounts of cpu and memory.
1851 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_heap_flags() {
1852   // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
1853   // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
1854   // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
1855   // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
1856   // calculations.
1857   julong initHeapSize;
1858   julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
1859 
1860   if (total_memory < (julong) 256 * M) {
1861     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1862             "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
1863     vm_exit(1);
1864   }
1865 
1866   // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
1867   // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
1868   // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
1869   // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
1870 
1871   initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong) 2,
1872           total_memory - (julong) 160 * M);
1873 
1874   initHeapSize = limit_by_allocatable_memory(initHeapSize);
1875 
1876   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1877     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1878       return JNI_EINVAL;
1879     }
1880     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, InitialHeapSize, initHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1881       return JNI_EINVAL;
1882     }
1883     // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
1884     set_min_heap_size(initHeapSize);
1885   }
1886   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
1887     // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
1888     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSize,
1889             ((julong) MaxHeapSize / (julong) 8) * (julong) 3) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1890       return JNI_EINVAL;
1891     }
1892     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxNewSize, NewSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1893       return JNI_EINVAL;
1894     }
1895   }
1896 
1897 #if !defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) && !defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
1898   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
1899 #endif
1900 
1901   // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
1902   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, BaseFootPrintEstimate, MaxHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1903     return JNI_EINVAL;
1904   }
1905   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1906     return JNI_EINVAL;
1907   }
1908   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, TLABSize, 256 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1909     return JNI_EINVAL;
1910   }
1911 
1912   // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
1913   // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
1914   // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
1915   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, YoungPLABSize, 256 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) { // Note: this is in words
1916     return JNI_EINVAL;
1917   }
1918 
1919   // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
1920   // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
1921   // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
1922   // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
1923   // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
1924   // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
1925   // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
1926   // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
1927   // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
1928   // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
1929   // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
1930   // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
1931   // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
1932   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, OldPLABSize, 8 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) { // Note: this is in words
1933     return JNI_EINVAL;
1934   }
1935 
1936   // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
1937   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseParallelGC, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1938     return JNI_EINVAL;
1939   }
1940 
1941   // Encourage steady state memory management
1942   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ThresholdTolerance, 100) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1943     return JNI_EINVAL;
1944   }
1945 
1946   // This appears to improve mutator locality
1947   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1948     return JNI_EINVAL;
1949   }
1950 
1951   // Get around early Solaris scheduling bug
1952   // (affinity vs other jobs on system)
1953   // but disallow DR and offlining (5008695).
1954   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BindGCTaskThreadsToCPUs, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1955     return JNI_EINVAL;
1956   }
1957 
1958   return JNI_OK;
1959 }
1960 
1961 // This must be called after ergonomics.
1962 void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
1963   if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
1964     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1965   }
1966 }
1967 
1968 // Aggressive optimization flags  -XX:+AggressiveOpts
1969 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
1970 #ifdef COMPILER2
1971   if (AggressiveUnboxing) {
1972     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1973       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1974     } else if (!EliminateAutoBox) {
1975       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because EliminateAutoBox is disabled");
1976       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1977     }
1978     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis)) {
1979       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis, true);
1980     } else if (!DoEscapeAnalysis) {
1981       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because DoEscapeAnalysis is disabled");
1982       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1983     }
1984   }
1985   if (AggressiveOpts || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1986     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1987       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1988     }
1989     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1990       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax, 20000);
1991     }
1992 
1993     // Feed the cache size setting into the JDK
1994     char buffer[1024];
1995     jio_snprintf(buffer, 1024, "java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high=" INTX_FORMAT, AutoBoxCacheMax);
1996     if (!add_property(buffer)) {
1997       return JNI_ENOMEM;
1998     }
1999   }
2000   if (AggressiveOpts && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay)) {
2001     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay, 500);
2002   }
2003 #endif
2004 
2005   if (AggressiveOpts) {
2006 // Sample flag setting code
2007 //    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing)) {
2008 //      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing, true);
2009 //    }
2010   }
2011 
2012   return JNI_OK;
2013 }
2014 
2015 //===========================================================================================================
2016 // Parsing of java.compiler property
2017 
2018 void Arguments::process_java_compiler_argument(const char* arg) {
2019   // For backwards compatibility, Djava.compiler=NONE or ""
2020   // causes us to switch to -Xint mode UNLESS -Xdebug
2021   // is also specified.
2022   if (strlen(arg) == 0 || strcasecmp(arg, "NONE") == 0) {
2023     set_java_compiler(true);    // "-Djava.compiler[=...]" most recently seen.
2024   }
2025 }
2026 
2027 void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
2028   _sun_java_launcher = os::strdup_check_oom(launcher);
2029 }
2030 
2031 bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
2032   assert(_sun_java_launcher != NULL, "property must have value");
2033   return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
2034 }
2035 
2036 bool Arguments::sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm() {
2037   return _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm;
2038 }
2039 
2040 //===========================================================================================================
2041 // Parsing of main arguments
2042 
2043 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
2044 // Check consistency of jvmci vm argument settings.
2045 bool Arguments::check_jvmci_args_consistency() {
2046    return JVMCIGlobals::check_jvmci_flags_are_consistent();
2047 }
2048 #endif //INCLUDE_JVMCI
2049 
2050 // Check consistency of GC selection
2051 bool Arguments::check_gc_consistency() {
2052   // Ensure that the user has not selected conflicting sets
2053   // of collectors.
2054   uint i = 0;
2055   if (UseSerialGC)                       i++;
2056   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC)                i++;
2057   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) i++;
2058   if (UseG1GC)                           i++;
2059   if (i > 1) {
2060     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2061                 "Conflicting collector combinations in option list; "
2062                 "please refer to the release notes for the combinations "
2063                 "allowed\n");
2064     return false;
2065   }
2066 
2067   return true;
2068 }
2069 
2070 // Check the consistency of vm_init_args
2071 bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
2072   // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
2073   // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
2074   // before returning an error.
2075   // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
2076   bool status = true;
2077 
2078   if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
2079     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2080                 "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
2081                 "not " SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
2082                 TLABRefillWasteFraction);
2083     status = false;
2084   }
2085 
2086   if (FullGCALot && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount)) {
2087     MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount = 1;  // Move objects every gc.
2088   }
2089 
2090   if (!(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC)) {
2091     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2092   }
2093 
2094   if (GCTimeLimit == 100) {
2095     // Turn off gc-overhead-limit-exceeded checks
2096     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
2097   }
2098 
2099   status = status && check_gc_consistency();
2100 
2101   // CMS space iteration, which FLSVerifyAllHeapreferences entails,
2102   // insists that we hold the requisite locks so that the iteration is
2103   // MT-safe. For the verification at start-up and shut-down, we don't
2104   // yet have a good way of acquiring and releasing these locks,
2105   // which are not visible at the CollectedHeap level. We want to
2106   // be able to acquire these locks and then do the iteration rather
2107   // than just disable the lock verification. This will be fixed under
2108   // bug 4788986.
2109   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences) {
2110     if (VerifyDuringStartup) {
2111       warning("Heap verification at start-up disabled "
2112               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2113       VerifyDuringStartup = false; // Disable verification at start-up
2114     }
2115 
2116     if (VerifyBeforeExit) {
2117       warning("Heap verification at shutdown disabled "
2118               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2119       VerifyBeforeExit = false; // Disable verification at shutdown
2120     }
2121   }
2122 
2123   if (PrintNMTStatistics) {
2124 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2125     if (MemTracker::tracking_level() == NMT_off) {
2126 #endif // INCLUDE_NMT
2127       warning("PrintNMTStatistics is disabled, because native memory tracking is not enabled");
2128       PrintNMTStatistics = false;
2129 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2130     }
2131 #endif
2132   }
2133 
2134 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
2135   status = status && check_jvmci_args_consistency();
2136 
2137   if (EnableJVMCI) {
2138     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "jdk.internal.vm.ci.enabled", "true",
2139         AddProperty, UnwriteableProperty, InternalProperty);
2140 
2141     if (!ScavengeRootsInCode) {
2142       warning("forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero because JVMCI is enabled");
2143       ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
2144     }
2145   }
2146 #endif
2147 
2148   // Check lower bounds of the code cache
2149   // Template Interpreter code is approximately 3X larger in debug builds.
2150   uint min_code_cache_size = CodeCacheMinimumUseSpace DEBUG_ONLY(* 3);
2151   if (InitialCodeCacheSize < (uintx)os::vm_page_size()) {
2152     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2153                 "Invalid InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %dK.\n", InitialCodeCacheSize/K,
2154                 os::vm_page_size()/K);
2155     status = false;
2156   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < InitialCodeCacheSize) {
2157     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2158                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize: %dK. Must be at least InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK.\n",
2159                 ReservedCodeCacheSize/K, InitialCodeCacheSize/K);
2160     status = false;
2161   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < min_code_cache_size) {
2162     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2163                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/K,
2164                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2165     status = false;
2166   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize > CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT) {
2167     // Code cache size larger than CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT is not supported.
2168     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2169                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dM. Must be at most %uM.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/M,
2170                 CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT/M);
2171     status = false;
2172   } else if (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize < min_code_cache_size) {
2173     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2174                 "Invalid NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", NonNMethodCodeHeapSize/K,
2175                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2176     status = false;
2177   }
2178 
2179 #ifdef _LP64
2180   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCount) && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCountPerCPU) && CICompilerCountPerCPU) {
2181     warning("The VM option CICompilerCountPerCPU overrides CICompilerCount.");
2182   }
2183 #endif
2184 
2185 #ifndef SUPPORT_RESERVED_STACK_AREA
2186   if (StackReservedPages != 0) {
2187     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, StackReservedPages, 0);
2188     warning("Reserved Stack Area not supported on this platform");
2189   }
2190 #endif
2191 
2192   if (BackgroundCompilation && (CompileTheWorld || ReplayCompiles)) {
2193     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(BackgroundCompilation)) {
2194       warning("BackgroundCompilation disabled due to CompileTheWorld or ReplayCompiles options.");
2195     }
2196     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
2197   }
2198   if (UseCompiler && is_interpreter_only()) {
2199     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompiler)) {
2200       warning("UseCompiler disabled due to -Xint.");
2201     }
2202     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseCompiler, false);
2203   }
2204 #ifdef COMPILER2
2205   if (PostLoopMultiversioning && !RangeCheckElimination) {
2206     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(PostLoopMultiversioning)) {
2207       warning("PostLoopMultiversioning disabled because RangeCheckElimination is disabled.");
2208     }
2209     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PostLoopMultiversioning, false);
2210   }
2211 #endif
2212   return status;
2213 }
2214 
2215 bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
2216   const char* option_type) {
2217   if (ignore) return false;
2218 
2219   const char* spacer = " ";
2220   if (option_type == NULL) {
2221     option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
2222   }
2223 
2224   if (os::obsolete_option(option)) {
2225     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2226                 "Obsolete %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2227       option->optionString);
2228     return false;
2229   } else {
2230     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2231                 "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2232       option->optionString);
2233     return true;
2234   }
2235 }
2236 
2237 static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
2238   "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", 0
2239 };
2240 
2241 static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
2242   "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", 0
2243 };
2244 
2245 bool Arguments::parse_uintx(const char* value,
2246                             uintx* uintx_arg,
2247                             uintx min_size) {
2248 
2249   // Check the sign first since atojulong() parses only unsigned values.
2250   bool value_is_positive = !(*value == '-');
2251 
2252   if (value_is_positive) {
2253     julong n;
2254     bool good_return = atojulong(value, &n);
2255     if (good_return) {
2256       bool above_minimum = n >= min_size;
2257       bool value_is_too_large = n > max_uintx;
2258 
2259       if (above_minimum && !value_is_too_large) {
2260         *uintx_arg = n;
2261         return true;
2262       }
2263     }
2264   }
2265   return false;
2266 }
2267 
2268 unsigned int addreads_count = 0;
2269 unsigned int addexports_count = 0;
2270 unsigned int addopens_count = 0;
2271 unsigned int addmods_count = 0;
2272 unsigned int patch_mod_count = 0;
2273 
2274 bool Arguments::create_property(const char* prop_name, const char* prop_value, PropertyInternal internal) {
2275   size_t prop_len = strlen(prop_name) + strlen(prop_value) + 2;
2276   char* property = AllocateHeap(prop_len, mtArguments);
2277   int ret = jio_snprintf(property, prop_len, "%s=%s", prop_name, prop_value);
2278   if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)prop_len) {
2279     FreeHeap(property);
2280     return false;
2281   }
2282   bool added = add_property(property, UnwriteableProperty, internal);
2283   FreeHeap(property);
2284   return added;
2285 }
2286 
2287 bool Arguments::create_numbered_property(const char* prop_base_name, const char* prop_value, unsigned int count) {
2288   const unsigned int props_count_limit = 1000;
2289   const int max_digits = 3;
2290   const int extra_symbols_count = 3; // includes '.', '=', '\0'
2291 
2292   // Make sure count is < props_count_limit. Otherwise, memory allocation will be too small.
2293   if (count < props_count_limit) {
2294     size_t prop_len = strlen(prop_base_name) + strlen(prop_value) + max_digits + extra_symbols_count;
2295     char* property = AllocateHeap(prop_len, mtArguments);
2296     int ret = jio_snprintf(property, prop_len, "%s.%d=%s", prop_base_name, count, prop_value);
2297     if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)prop_len) {
2298       FreeHeap(property);
2299       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "Failed to create property %s.%d=%s\n", prop_base_name, count, prop_value);
2300       return false;
2301     }
2302     bool added = add_property(property, UnwriteableProperty, InternalProperty);
2303     FreeHeap(property);
2304     return added;
2305   }
2306 
2307   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "Property count limit exceeded: %s, limit=%d\n", prop_base_name, props_count_limit);
2308   return false;
2309 }
2310 
2311 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
2312                                                   julong* long_arg,
2313                                                   julong min_size,
2314                                                   julong max_size) {
2315   if (!atojulong(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
2316   return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size, max_size);
2317 }
2318 
2319 // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
2320 
2321 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs *java_tool_options_args,
2322                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *java_options_args,
2323                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *cmd_line_args) {
2324   bool patch_mod_javabase = false;
2325 
2326   // Save default settings for some mode flags
2327   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
2328   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
2329   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
2330   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
2331   if (TieredCompilation) {
2332     Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
2333     Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold = Tier4InvocationThreshold;
2334   }
2335 
2336   // Setup flags for mixed which is the default
2337   set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2338 
2339   // Parse args structure generated from JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment
2340   // variable (if present).
2341   jint result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(java_tool_options_args, &patch_mod_javabase, Flag::ENVIRON_VAR);
2342   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2343     return result;
2344   }
2345 
2346   // Parse args structure generated from the command line flags.
2347   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(cmd_line_args, &patch_mod_javabase, Flag::COMMAND_LINE);
2348   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2349     return result;
2350   }
2351 
2352   // Parse args structure generated from the _JAVA_OPTIONS environment
2353   // variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
2354   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(java_options_args, &patch_mod_javabase, Flag::ENVIRON_VAR);
2355   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2356     return result;
2357   }
2358 
2359   // We need to ensure processor and memory resources have been properly
2360   // configured - which may rely on arguments we just processed - before
2361   // doing the final argument processing. Any argument processing that
2362   // needs to know about processor and memory resources must occur after
2363   // this point.
2364 
2365   os::init_container_support();
2366 
2367   // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
2368   result = finalize_vm_init_args(patch_mod_javabase);
2369   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2370     return result;
2371   }
2372 
2373   return JNI_OK;
2374 }
2375 
2376 // Checks if name in command-line argument -agent{lib,path}:name[=options]
2377 // represents a valid JDWP agent.  is_path==true denotes that we
2378 // are dealing with -agentpath (case where name is a path), otherwise with
2379 // -agentlib
2380 bool valid_jdwp_agent(char *name, bool is_path) {
2381   char *_name;
2382   const char *_jdwp = "jdwp";
2383   size_t _len_jdwp, _len_prefix;
2384 
2385   if (is_path) {
2386     if ((_name = strrchr(name, (int) *os::file_separator())) == NULL) {
2387       return false;
2388     }
2389 
2390     _name++;  // skip past last path separator
2391     _len_prefix = strlen(JNI_LIB_PREFIX);
2392 
2393     if (strncmp(_name, JNI_LIB_PREFIX, _len_prefix) != 0) {
2394       return false;
2395     }
2396 
2397     _name += _len_prefix;
2398     _len_jdwp = strlen(_jdwp);
2399 
2400     if (strncmp(_name, _jdwp, _len_jdwp) == 0) {
2401       _name += _len_jdwp;
2402     }
2403     else {
2404       return false;
2405     }
2406 
2407     if (strcmp(_name, JNI_LIB_SUFFIX) != 0) {
2408       return false;
2409     }
2410 
2411     return true;
2412   }
2413 
2414   if (strcmp(name, _jdwp) == 0) {
2415     return true;
2416   }
2417 
2418   return false;
2419 }
2420 
2421 int Arguments::process_patch_mod_option(const char* patch_mod_tail, bool* patch_mod_javabase) {
2422   // --patch-module=<module>=<file>(<pathsep><file>)*
2423   assert(patch_mod_tail != NULL, "Unexpected NULL patch-module value");
2424   // Find the equal sign between the module name and the path specification
2425   const char* module_equal = strchr(patch_mod_tail, '=');
2426   if (module_equal == NULL) {
2427     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "Missing '=' in --patch-module specification\n");
2428     return JNI_ERR;
2429   } else {
2430     // Pick out the module name
2431     size_t module_len = module_equal - patch_mod_tail;
2432     char* module_name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, module_len+1, mtArguments);
2433     if (module_name != NULL) {
2434       memcpy(module_name, patch_mod_tail, module_len);
2435       *(module_name + module_len) = '\0';
2436       // The path piece begins one past the module_equal sign
2437       add_patch_mod_prefix(module_name, module_equal + 1, patch_mod_javabase);
2438       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, module_name);
2439       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.patch", patch_mod_tail, patch_mod_count++)) {
2440         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2441       }
2442     } else {
2443       return JNI_ENOMEM;
2444     }
2445   }
2446   return JNI_OK;
2447 }
2448 
2449 // Parse -Xss memory string parameter and convert to ThreadStackSize in K.
2450 jint Arguments::parse_xss(const JavaVMOption* option, const char* tail, intx* out_ThreadStackSize) {
2451   // The min and max sizes match the values in globals.hpp, but scaled
2452   // with K. The values have been chosen so that alignment with page
2453   // size doesn't change the max value, which makes the conversions
2454   // back and forth between Xss value and ThreadStackSize value easier.
2455   // The values have also been chosen to fit inside a 32-bit signed type.
2456   const julong min_ThreadStackSize = 0;
2457   const julong max_ThreadStackSize = 1 * M;
2458 
2459   const julong min_size = min_ThreadStackSize * K;
2460   const julong max_size = max_ThreadStackSize * K;
2461 
2462   assert(is_aligned(max_size, os::vm_page_size()), "Implementation assumption");
2463 
2464   julong size = 0;
2465   ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &size, min_size, max_size);
2466   if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2467     bool silent = (option == NULL); // Allow testing to silence error messages
2468     if (!silent) {
2469       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2470                   "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2471       describe_range_error(errcode);
2472     }
2473     return JNI_EINVAL;
2474   }
2475 
2476   // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
2477   const julong size_aligned = align_up(size, K);
2478   assert(size <= size_aligned,
2479          "Overflow: " JULONG_FORMAT " " JULONG_FORMAT,
2480          size, size_aligned);
2481 
2482   const julong size_in_K = size_aligned / K;
2483   assert(size_in_K < (julong)max_intx,
2484          "size_in_K doesn't fit in the type of ThreadStackSize: " JULONG_FORMAT,
2485          size_in_K);
2486 
2487   // Check that code expanding ThreadStackSize to a page aligned number of bytes won't overflow.
2488   const julong max_expanded = align_up(size_in_K * K, os::vm_page_size());
2489   assert(max_expanded < max_uintx && max_expanded >= size_in_K,
2490          "Expansion overflowed: " JULONG_FORMAT " " JULONG_FORMAT,
2491          max_expanded, size_in_K);
2492 
2493   *out_ThreadStackSize = (intx)size_in_K;
2494 
2495   return JNI_OK;
2496 }
2497 
2498 jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args, bool* patch_mod_javabase, Flag::Flags origin) {
2499   // For match_option to return remaining or value part of option string
2500   const char* tail;
2501 
2502   // iterate over arguments
2503   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2504     bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
2505 
2506     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
2507 
2508     if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
2509         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
2510         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
2511 
2512         // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
2513         // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
2514         // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
2515         // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
2516         // string constant object.
2517         build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
2518     }
2519 
2520     // -verbose:[class/module/gc/jni]
2521     if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
2522       if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
2523         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, load));
2524         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, unload));
2525       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":module")) {
2526         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(module, load));
2527         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(module, unload));
2528       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
2529         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(gc));
2530       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2531         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintJNIResolving, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2532           return JNI_EINVAL;
2533         }
2534       }
2535     // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
2536     // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
2537     // -da:java.lang.Thread.
2538     } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
2539       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2540       if (*tail == '\0') {
2541         JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
2542       } else {
2543         assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
2544         JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
2545       }
2546     // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
2547     } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
2548       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2549       JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
2550     // -bootclasspath:
2551     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
2552         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2553           "-Xbootclasspath is no longer a supported option.\n");
2554         return JNI_EINVAL;
2555     // -bootclasspath/a:
2556     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
2557       Arguments::append_sysclasspath(tail);
2558     // -bootclasspath/p:
2559     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
2560         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2561           "-Xbootclasspath/p is no longer a supported option.\n");
2562         return JNI_EINVAL;
2563     // -Xrun
2564     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
2565       if (tail != NULL) {
2566         const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
2567         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2568         char* name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtArguments);
2569         jio_snprintf(name, len + 1, "%s", tail);
2570 
2571         char *options = NULL;
2572         if(pos != NULL) {
2573           size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
2574           options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2, mtArguments), pos+1, len2);
2575         }
2576 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2577         if (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0) {
2578           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2579             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2580           return JNI_ERR;
2581         }
2582 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2583         add_init_library(name, options);
2584       }
2585     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-reads=", &tail)) {
2586       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addreads", tail, addreads_count++)) {
2587         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2588       }
2589     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-exports=", &tail)) {
2590       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addexports", tail, addexports_count++)) {
2591         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2592       }
2593     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-opens=", &tail)) {
2594       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addopens", tail, addopens_count++)) {
2595         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2596       }
2597     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-modules=", &tail)) {
2598       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", tail, addmods_count++)) {
2599         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2600       }
2601     } else if (match_option(option, "--limit-modules=", &tail)) {
2602       if (!create_property("jdk.module.limitmods", tail, InternalProperty)) {
2603         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2604       }
2605     } else if (match_option(option, "--module-path=", &tail)) {
2606       if (!create_property("jdk.module.path", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2607         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2608       }
2609     } else if (match_option(option, "--upgrade-module-path=", &tail)) {
2610       if (!create_property("jdk.module.upgrade.path", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2611         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2612       }
2613     } else if (match_option(option, "--patch-module=", &tail)) {
2614       // --patch-module=<module>=<file>(<pathsep><file>)*
2615       int res = process_patch_mod_option(tail, patch_mod_javabase);
2616       if (res != JNI_OK) {
2617         return res;
2618       }
2619     } else if (match_option(option, "--illegal-access=", &tail)) {
2620       if (!create_property("jdk.module.illegalAccess", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2621         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2622       }
2623     // -agentlib and -agentpath
2624     } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
2625           (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
2626       if(tail != NULL) {
2627         const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
2628         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2629         char* name = strncpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtArguments), tail, len);
2630         name[len] = '\0';
2631 
2632         char *options = NULL;
2633         if(pos != NULL) {
2634           options = os::strdup_check_oom(pos + 1, mtArguments);
2635         }
2636 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2637         if (valid_jdwp_agent(name, is_absolute_path)) {
2638           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2639             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2640           return JNI_ERR;
2641         }
2642 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2643         add_init_agent(name, options, is_absolute_path);
2644       }
2645     // -javaagent
2646     } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
2647 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2648       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2649         "Instrumentation agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2650       return JNI_ERR;
2651 #else
2652       if (tail != NULL) {
2653         size_t length = strlen(tail) + 1;
2654         char *options = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtArguments);
2655         jio_snprintf(options, length, "%s", tail);
2656         add_init_agent("instrument", options, false);
2657         // java agents need module java.instrument
2658         if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", "java.instrument", addmods_count++)) {
2659           return JNI_ENOMEM;
2660         }
2661       }
2662 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2663     // -Xnoclassgc
2664     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc")) {
2665       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ClassUnloading, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2666         return JNI_EINVAL;
2667       }
2668     // -Xconcgc
2669     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcgc")) {
2670       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2671         return JNI_EINVAL;
2672       }
2673       handle_extra_cms_flags("-Xconcgc uses UseConcMarkSweepGC");
2674     // -Xnoconcgc
2675     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoconcgc")) {
2676       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2677         return JNI_EINVAL;
2678       }
2679       handle_extra_cms_flags("-Xnoconcgc uses UseConcMarkSweepGC");
2680     // -Xbatch
2681     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch")) {
2682       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2683         return JNI_EINVAL;
2684       }
2685     // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
2686     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
2687       julong long_initial_young_size = 0;
2688       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_young_size, 1);
2689       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2690         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2691                     "Invalid initial young generation size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2692         describe_range_error(errcode);
2693         return JNI_EINVAL;
2694       }
2695       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxNewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2696         return JNI_EINVAL;
2697       }
2698       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2699         return JNI_EINVAL;
2700       }
2701     // -Xms
2702     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
2703       julong long_initial_heap_size = 0;
2704       // an initial heap size of 0 means automatically determine
2705       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_heap_size, 0);
2706       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2707         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2708                     "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2709         describe_range_error(errcode);
2710         return JNI_EINVAL;
2711       }
2712       set_min_heap_size((size_t)long_initial_heap_size);
2713       // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2714       // Can be overridden with -XX:InitialHeapSize.
2715       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, InitialHeapSize, (size_t)long_initial_heap_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2716         return JNI_EINVAL;
2717       }
2718     // -Xmx
2719     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail) || match_option(option, "-XX:MaxHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2720       julong long_max_heap_size = 0;
2721       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
2722       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2723         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2724                     "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2725         describe_range_error(errcode);
2726         return JNI_EINVAL;
2727       }
2728       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxHeapSize, (size_t)long_max_heap_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2729         return JNI_EINVAL;
2730       }
2731     // Xmaxf
2732     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
2733       char* err;
2734       int maxf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2735       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2736         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2737                     "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2738                     option->optionString);
2739         return JNI_EINVAL;
2740       } else {
2741         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2742             return JNI_EINVAL;
2743         }
2744       }
2745     // Xminf
2746     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
2747       char* err;
2748       int minf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2749       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2750         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2751                     "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2752                     option->optionString);
2753         return JNI_EINVAL;
2754       } else {
2755         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, minf) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2756           return JNI_EINVAL;
2757         }
2758       }
2759     // -Xss
2760     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
2761       intx value = 0;
2762       jint err = parse_xss(option, tail, &value);
2763       if (err != JNI_OK) {
2764         return err;
2765       }
2766       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, ThreadStackSize, value) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2767         return JNI_EINVAL;
2768       }
2769     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CodeCacheExpansionSize=", &tail)) {
2770       julong long_CodeCacheExpansionSize = 0;
2771       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_CodeCacheExpansionSize, os::vm_page_size());
2772       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2773         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2774                    "Invalid argument: %s. Must be at least %luK.\n", option->optionString,
2775                    os::vm_page_size()/K);
2776         return JNI_EINVAL;
2777       }
2778       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CodeCacheExpansionSize, (uintx)long_CodeCacheExpansionSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2779         return JNI_EINVAL;
2780       }
2781     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail) ||
2782                match_option(option, "-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=", &tail)) {
2783       julong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
2784 
2785       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize, 1);
2786       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2787         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2788                     "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2789         return JNI_EINVAL;
2790       }
2791       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2792         return JNI_EINVAL;
2793       }
2794       // -XX:NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=
2795     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2796       julong long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize = 0;
2797 
2798       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize, 1);
2799       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2800         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2801                     "Invalid maximum non-nmethod code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2802         return JNI_EINVAL;
2803       }
2804       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NonNMethodCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2805         return JNI_EINVAL;
2806       }
2807       // -XX:ProfiledCodeHeapSize=
2808     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ProfiledCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2809       julong long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize = 0;
2810 
2811       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize, 1);
2812       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2813         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2814                     "Invalid maximum profiled code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2815         return JNI_EINVAL;
2816       }
2817       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ProfiledCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2818         return JNI_EINVAL;
2819       }
2820       // -XX:NonProfiledCodeHeapSizee=
2821     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:NonProfiledCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2822       julong long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize = 0;
2823 
2824       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, 1);
2825       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2826         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2827                     "Invalid maximum non-profiled code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2828         return JNI_EINVAL;
2829       }
2830       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2831         return JNI_EINVAL;
2832       }
2833     // -green
2834     } else if (match_option(option, "-green")) {
2835       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2836                   "Green threads support not available\n");
2837           return JNI_EINVAL;
2838     // -native
2839     } else if (match_option(option, "-native")) {
2840           // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
2841     // -Xrs
2842     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs")) {
2843           // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
2844       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ReduceSignalUsage, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2845         return JNI_EINVAL;
2846       }
2847       // -Xprof
2848     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof")) {
2849       char version[256];
2850       // Obsolete in JDK 10
2851       JDK_Version::jdk(10).to_string(version, sizeof(version));
2852       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", option->optionString, version);
2853     // -Xconcurrentio
2854     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcurrentio")) {
2855       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseLWPSynchronization, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2856         return JNI_EINVAL;
2857       }
2858       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2859         return JNI_EINVAL;
2860       }
2861       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, DeferThrSuspendLoopCount, 1) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2862         return JNI_EINVAL;
2863       }
2864       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2865         return JNI_EINVAL;
2866       }
2867       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSizeThreadIncrease, 16 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {  // 20Kb per thread added to new generation
2868         return JNI_EINVAL;
2869       }
2870 
2871       // -Xinternalversion
2872     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion")) {
2873       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
2874                   VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
2875       vm_exit(0);
2876 #ifndef PRODUCT
2877     // -Xprintflags
2878     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags")) {
2879       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
2880       vm_exit(0);
2881 #endif
2882     // -D
2883     } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
2884       const char* value;
2885       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=", &value) &&
2886             *value!= '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2887         // abort if -Djava.endorsed.dirs is set
2888         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2889           "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=%s is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
2890           "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n", value);
2891         return JNI_EINVAL;
2892       }
2893       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.ext.dirs=", &value) &&
2894             *value != '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2895         // abort if -Djava.ext.dirs is set
2896         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2897           "-Djava.ext.dirs=%s is not supported.  Use -classpath instead.\n", value);
2898         return JNI_EINVAL;
2899       }
2900       // Check for module related properties.  They must be set using the modules
2901       // options. For example: use "--add-modules=java.sql", not
2902       // "-Djdk.module.addmods=java.sql"
2903       if (is_internal_module_property(option->optionString + 2)) {
2904         needs_module_property_warning = true;
2905         continue;
2906       }
2907 
2908       if (!add_property(tail)) {
2909         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2910       }
2911       // Out of the box management support
2912       if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
2913 #if INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2914         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ManagementServer, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2915           return JNI_EINVAL;
2916         }
2917         // management agent in module jdk.management.agent
2918         if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", "jdk.management.agent", addmods_count++)) {
2919           return JNI_ENOMEM;
2920         }
2921 #else
2922         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2923           "-Dcom.sun.management is not supported in this VM.\n");
2924         return JNI_ERR;
2925 #endif
2926       }
2927     // -Xint
2928     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint")) {
2929           set_mode_flags(_int);
2930     // -Xmixed
2931     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed")) {
2932           set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2933     // -Xcomp
2934     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp")) {
2935       // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
2936           set_mode_flags(_comp);
2937     // -Xshare:dump
2938     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump")) {
2939       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2940         return JNI_EINVAL;
2941       }
2942       set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
2943     // -Xshare:on
2944     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on")) {
2945       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2946         return JNI_EINVAL;
2947       }
2948       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2949         return JNI_EINVAL;
2950       }
2951     // -Xshare:auto
2952     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto")) {
2953       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2954         return JNI_EINVAL;
2955       }
2956       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2957         return JNI_EINVAL;
2958       }
2959     // -Xshare:off
2960     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off")) {
2961       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2962         return JNI_EINVAL;
2963       }
2964       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2965         return JNI_EINVAL;
2966       }
2967     // -Xverify
2968     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
2969       if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
2970         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2971           return JNI_EINVAL;
2972         }
2973         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2974           return JNI_EINVAL;
2975         }
2976       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
2977         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2978           return JNI_EINVAL;
2979         }
2980         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2981           return JNI_EINVAL;
2982         }
2983       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
2984         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2985           return JNI_EINVAL;
2986         }
2987         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2988           return JNI_EINVAL;
2989         }
2990       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
2991         return JNI_EINVAL;
2992       }
2993     // -Xdebug
2994     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug")) {
2995       // note this flag has been used, then ignore
2996       set_xdebug_mode(true);
2997     // -Xnoagent
2998     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoagent")) {
2999       // For compatibility with classic. HotSpot refuses to load the old style agent.dll.
3000     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
3001       // Deprecated flag to redirect GC output to a file. -Xloggc:<filename>
3002       log_warning(gc)("-Xloggc is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc:%s instead.", tail);
3003       _gc_log_filename = os::strdup_check_oom(tail);
3004     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xlog", &tail)) {
3005       bool ret = false;
3006       if (strcmp(tail, ":help") == 0) {
3007         LogConfiguration::print_command_line_help(defaultStream::output_stream());
3008         vm_exit(0);
3009       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":disable") == 0) {
3010         LogConfiguration::disable_logging();
3011         ret = true;
3012       } else if (*tail == '\0') {
3013         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments();
3014         assert(ret, "-Xlog without arguments should never fail to parse");
3015       } else if (*tail == ':') {
3016         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments(tail + 1);
3017       }
3018       if (ret == false) {
3019         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3020                     "Invalid -Xlog option '-Xlog%s'\n",
3021                     tail);
3022         return JNI_EINVAL;
3023       }
3024     // JNI hooks
3025     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
3026       if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
3027 #if !INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
3028         warning("JNI CHECKING is not supported in this VM");
3029 #else
3030         CheckJNICalls = true;
3031 #endif // INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
3032       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
3033                                      "check")) {
3034         return JNI_EINVAL;
3035       }
3036     } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf")) {
3037       _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3038     } else if (match_option(option, "exit")) {
3039       _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3040     } else if (match_option(option, "abort")) {
3041       _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3042     // Need to keep consistency of MaxTenuringThreshold and AlwaysTenure/NeverTenure;
3043     // and the last option wins.
3044     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure")) {
3045       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3046         return JNI_EINVAL;
3047       }
3048       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3049         return JNI_EINVAL;
3050       }
3051       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, markOopDesc::max_age + 1) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3052         return JNI_EINVAL;
3053       }
3054     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure")) {
3055       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3056         return JNI_EINVAL;
3057       }
3058       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3059         return JNI_EINVAL;
3060       }
3061       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, 0) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3062         return JNI_EINVAL;
3063       }
3064     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=", &tail)) {
3065       uintx max_tenuring_thresh = 0;
3066       if (!parse_uintx(tail, &max_tenuring_thresh, 0)) {
3067         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3068                     "Improperly specified VM option \'MaxTenuringThreshold=%s\'\n", tail);
3069         return JNI_EINVAL;
3070       }
3071 
3072       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, max_tenuring_thresh) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3073         return JNI_EINVAL;
3074       }
3075 
3076       if (MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
3077         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3078           return JNI_EINVAL;
3079         }
3080         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3081           return JNI_EINVAL;
3082         }
3083       } else {
3084         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3085           return JNI_EINVAL;
3086         }
3087         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3088           return JNI_EINVAL;
3089         }
3090       }
3091     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr")) {
3092       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3093         return JNI_EINVAL;
3094       }
3095       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3096         return JNI_EINVAL;
3097       }
3098     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout")) {
3099       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3100         return JNI_EINVAL;
3101       }
3102       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3103         return JNI_EINVAL;
3104       }
3105     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ExtendedDTraceProbes")) {
3106 #if defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3107       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExtendedDTraceProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3108         return JNI_EINVAL;
3109       }
3110       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMethodProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3111         return JNI_EINVAL;
3112       }
3113       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceAllocProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3114         return JNI_EINVAL;
3115       }
3116       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMonitorProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3117         return JNI_EINVAL;
3118       }
3119 #else // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3120       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3121                   "ExtendedDTraceProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
3122       return JNI_EINVAL;
3123 #endif // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3124 #ifdef ASSERT
3125     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot")) {
3126       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, FullGCALot, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3127         return JNI_EINVAL;
3128       }
3129       // disable scavenge before parallel mark-compact
3130       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3131         return JNI_EINVAL;
3132       }
3133 #endif
3134 #if !INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3135     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ManagementServer")) {
3136         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3137           "ManagementServer is not supported in this VM.\n");
3138         return JNI_ERR;
3139 #endif // INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3140     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
3141       // Skip -XX:Flags= and -XX:VMOptionsFile= since those cases have
3142       // already been handled
3143       if ((strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) &&
3144           (strncmp(tail, "VMOptionsFile=", strlen("VMOptionsFile=")) != 0)) {
3145         if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
3146           return JNI_EINVAL;
3147         }
3148       }
3149     // Unknown option
3150     } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3151       return JNI_ERR;
3152     }
3153   }
3154 
3155   // PrintSharedArchiveAndExit will turn on
3156   //   -Xshare:on
3157   //   -Xlog:class+path=info
3158   if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
3159     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3160       return JNI_EINVAL;
3161     }
3162     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3163       return JNI_EINVAL;
3164     }
3165     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, path));
3166   }
3167 
3168   // Change the default value for flags  which have different default values
3169   // when working with older JDKs.
3170 #ifdef LINUX
3171  if (JDK_Version::current().compare_major(6) <= 0 &&
3172       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks)) {
3173     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks, false);
3174   }
3175 #endif // LINUX
3176   fix_appclasspath();
3177   return JNI_OK;
3178 }
3179 
3180 void Arguments::add_patch_mod_prefix(const char* module_name, const char* path, bool* patch_mod_javabase) {
3181   // For java.base check for duplicate --patch-module options being specified on the command line.
3182   // This check is only required for java.base, all other duplicate module specifications
3183   // will be checked during module system initialization.  The module system initialization
3184   // will throw an ExceptionInInitializerError if this situation occurs.
3185   if (strcmp(module_name, JAVA_BASE_NAME) == 0) {
3186     if (*patch_mod_javabase) {
3187       vm_exit_during_initialization("Cannot specify " JAVA_BASE_NAME " more than once to --patch-module");
3188     } else {
3189       *patch_mod_javabase = true;
3190     }
3191   }
3192 
3193   // Create GrowableArray lazily, only if --patch-module has been specified
3194   if (_patch_mod_prefix == NULL) {
3195     _patch_mod_prefix = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments) GrowableArray<ModulePatchPath*>(10, true);
3196   }
3197 
3198   _patch_mod_prefix->push(new ModulePatchPath(module_name, path));
3199 }
3200 
3201 // Remove all empty paths from the app classpath (if IgnoreEmptyClassPaths is enabled)
3202 //
3203 // This is necessary because some apps like to specify classpath like -cp foo.jar:${XYZ}:bar.jar
3204 // in their start-up scripts. If XYZ is empty, the classpath will look like "-cp foo.jar::bar.jar".
3205 // Java treats such empty paths as if the user specified "-cp foo.jar:.:bar.jar". I.e., an empty
3206 // path is treated as the current directory.
3207 //
3208 // This causes problems with CDS, which requires that all directories specified in the classpath
3209 // must be empty. In most cases, applications do NOT want to load classes from the current
3210 // directory anyway. Adding -XX:+IgnoreEmptyClassPaths will make these applications' start-up
3211 // scripts compatible with CDS.
3212 void Arguments::fix_appclasspath() {
3213   if (IgnoreEmptyClassPaths) {
3214     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
3215     const char* src = _java_class_path->value();
3216 
3217     // skip over all the leading empty paths
3218     while (*src == separator) {
3219       src ++;
3220     }
3221 
3222     char* copy = os::strdup_check_oom(src, mtArguments);
3223 
3224     // trim all trailing empty paths
3225     for (char* tail = copy + strlen(copy) - 1; tail >= copy && *tail == separator; tail--) {
3226       *tail = '\0';
3227     }
3228 
3229     char from[3] = {separator, separator, '\0'};
3230     char to  [2] = {separator, '\0'};
3231     while (StringUtils::replace_no_expand(copy, from, to) > 0) {
3232       // Keep replacing "::" -> ":" until we have no more "::" (non-windows)
3233       // Keep replacing ";;" -> ";" until we have no more ";;" (windows)
3234     }
3235 
3236     _java_class_path->set_writeable_value(copy);
3237     FreeHeap(copy); // a copy was made by set_value, so don't need this anymore
3238   }
3239 }
3240 
3241 static bool has_jar_files(const char* directory) {
3242   DIR* dir = os::opendir(directory);
3243   if (dir == NULL) return false;
3244 
3245   struct dirent *entry;
3246   char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(directory), mtArguments);
3247   bool hasJarFile = false;
3248   while (!hasJarFile && (entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
3249     const char* name = entry->d_name;
3250     const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
3251     hasJarFile = ext > name && (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0);
3252   }
3253   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf);
3254   os::closedir(dir);
3255   return hasJarFile ;
3256 }
3257 
3258 static int check_non_empty_dirs(const char* path) {
3259   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
3260   const char* const end = path + strlen(path);
3261   int nonEmptyDirs = 0;
3262   while (path < end) {
3263     const char* tmp_end = strchr(path, separator);
3264     if (tmp_end == NULL) {
3265       if (has_jar_files(path)) {
3266         nonEmptyDirs++;
3267         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3268           "Non-empty directory: %s\n", path);
3269       }
3270       path = end;
3271     } else {
3272       char* dirpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, tmp_end - path + 1, mtArguments);
3273       memcpy(dirpath, path, tmp_end - path);
3274       dirpath[tmp_end - path] = '\0';
3275       if (has_jar_files(dirpath)) {
3276         nonEmptyDirs++;
3277         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3278           "Non-empty directory: %s\n", dirpath);
3279       }
3280       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dirpath);
3281       path = tmp_end + 1;
3282     }
3283   }
3284   return nonEmptyDirs;
3285 }
3286 
3287 jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args(bool patch_mod_javabase) {
3288   // check if the default lib/endorsed directory exists; if so, error
3289   char path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3290   const char* fileSep = os::file_separator();
3291   jio_snprintf(path, JVM_MAXPATHLEN, "%s%slib%sendorsed", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3292 
3293   if (CheckEndorsedAndExtDirs) {
3294     int nonEmptyDirs = 0;
3295     // check endorsed directory
3296     nonEmptyDirs += check_non_empty_dirs(path);
3297     // check the extension directories
3298     nonEmptyDirs += check_non_empty_dirs(Arguments::get_ext_dirs());
3299     if (nonEmptyDirs > 0) {
3300       return JNI_ERR;
3301     }
3302   }
3303 
3304   DIR* dir = os::opendir(path);
3305   if (dir != NULL) {
3306     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3307       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/endorsed is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
3308       "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n");
3309     os::closedir(dir);
3310     return JNI_ERR;
3311   }
3312 
3313   jio_snprintf(path, JVM_MAXPATHLEN, "%s%slib%sext", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3314   dir = os::opendir(path);
3315   if (dir != NULL) {
3316     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3317       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/ext exists, extensions mechanism no longer supported; "
3318       "Use -classpath instead.\n.");
3319     os::closedir(dir);
3320     return JNI_ERR;
3321   }
3322 
3323   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed
3324   // and the container support has been initialized since AggressiveHeap
3325   // relies on the amount of total memory available.
3326   if (AggressiveHeap) {
3327     jint result = set_aggressive_heap_flags();
3328     if (result != JNI_OK) {
3329       return result;
3330     }
3331   }
3332 
3333   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed.
3334   // java_compiler() true means set to "NONE" or empty.
3335   if (java_compiler() && !xdebug_mode()) {
3336     // For backwards compatibility, we switch to interpreted mode if
3337     // -Djava.compiler="NONE" or "" is specified AND "-Xdebug" was
3338     // not specified.
3339     set_mode_flags(_int);
3340   }
3341 
3342   // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is same as -Xint: Disable compilation (enable interpreter-only mode),
3343   // but like -Xint, leave compilation thresholds unaffected.
3344   // With tiered compilation disabled, setting CompileThreshold to 0 disables compilation as well.
3345   if ((CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0) || (!TieredCompilation && CompileThreshold == 0)) {
3346     set_mode_flags(_int);
3347   }
3348 
3349   // eventually fix up InitialTenuringThreshold if only MaxTenuringThreshold is set
3350   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialTenuringThreshold) && (InitialTenuringThreshold > MaxTenuringThreshold)) {
3351     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialTenuringThreshold, MaxTenuringThreshold);
3352   }
3353 
3354 #if !defined(COMPILER2) && !INCLUDE_JVMCI
3355   // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
3356   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
3357       MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
3358     // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
3359     // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
3360     // Java heap and the code cache.
3361     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
3362   }
3363 
3364 #elif defined(COMPILER2)
3365   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OptoLoopAlignment) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad)) {
3366     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad, OptoLoopAlignment-1);
3367   }
3368 #endif
3369 
3370 #if !defined(COMPILER2) && !INCLUDE_JVMCI
3371   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(ProfileInterpreter);
3372   NOT_PRODUCT(UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TraceProfileInterpreter));
3373 #endif
3374 
3375 #ifndef TIERED
3376   // Tiered compilation is undefined.
3377   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TieredCompilation);
3378 #endif
3379 
3380 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
3381   if (EnableJVMCI &&
3382       !create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", "jdk.internal.vm.ci", addmods_count++)) {
3383     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3384   }
3385 #endif
3386 
3387   // If we are running in a headless jre, force java.awt.headless property
3388   // to be true unless the property has already been set.
3389   // Also allow the OS environment variable JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS to set headless state.
3390   if (os::is_headless_jre()) {
3391     const char* headless = Arguments::get_property("java.awt.headless");
3392     if (headless == NULL) {
3393       const char *headless_env = ::getenv("JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS");
3394       if (headless_env == NULL) {
3395         if (!add_property("java.awt.headless=true")) {
3396           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3397         }
3398       } else {
3399         char buffer[256];
3400         jio_snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "java.awt.headless=%s", headless_env);
3401         if (!add_property(buffer)) {
3402           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3403         }
3404       }
3405     }
3406   }
3407 
3408   if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
3409     return JNI_ERR;
3410   }
3411 
3412 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
3413   if (UseJVMCICompiler) {
3414     Compilation_mode = CompMode_server;
3415   }
3416 #endif
3417 
3418 #if INCLUDE_CDS
3419   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3420     // Disable biased locking now as it interferes with the clean up of
3421     // the archived Klasses and Java string objects (at dump time only).
3422     UseBiasedLocking = false;
3423   }
3424   if (UseSharedSpaces && patch_mod_javabase) {
3425     no_shared_spaces("CDS is disabled when " JAVA_BASE_NAME " module is patched.");
3426   }
3427 #endif
3428 
3429   return JNI_OK;
3430 }
3431 
3432 // Helper class for controlling the lifetime of JavaVMInitArgs
3433 // objects.  The contents of the JavaVMInitArgs are guaranteed to be
3434 // deleted on the destruction of the ScopedVMInitArgs object.
3435 class ScopedVMInitArgs : public StackObj {
3436  private:
3437   JavaVMInitArgs _args;
3438   char*          _container_name;
3439   bool           _is_set;
3440   char*          _vm_options_file_arg;
3441 
3442  public:
3443   ScopedVMInitArgs(const char *container_name) {
3444     _args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
3445     _args.nOptions = 0;
3446     _args.options = NULL;
3447     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = false;
3448     _container_name = (char *)container_name;
3449     _is_set = false;
3450     _vm_options_file_arg = NULL;
3451   }
3452 
3453   // Populates the JavaVMInitArgs object represented by this
3454   // ScopedVMInitArgs object with the arguments in options.  The
3455   // allocated memory is deleted by the destructor.  If this method
3456   // returns anything other than JNI_OK, then this object is in a
3457   // partially constructed state, and should be abandoned.
3458   jint set_args(GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>* options) {
3459     _is_set = true;
3460     JavaVMOption* options_arr = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(
3461         JavaVMOption, options->length(), mtArguments);
3462     if (options_arr == NULL) {
3463       return JNI_ENOMEM;
3464     }
3465     _args.options = options_arr;
3466 
3467     for (int i = 0; i < options->length(); i++) {
3468       options_arr[i] = options->at(i);
3469       options_arr[i].optionString = os::strdup(options_arr[i].optionString);
3470       if (options_arr[i].optionString == NULL) {
3471         // Rely on the destructor to do cleanup.
3472         _args.nOptions = i;
3473         return JNI_ENOMEM;
3474       }
3475     }
3476 
3477     _args.nOptions = options->length();
3478     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions;
3479     return JNI_OK;
3480   }
3481 
3482   JavaVMInitArgs* get()             { return &_args; }
3483   char* container_name()            { return _container_name; }
3484   bool  is_set()                    { return _is_set; }
3485   bool  found_vm_options_file_arg() { return _vm_options_file_arg != NULL; }
3486   char* vm_options_file_arg()       { return _vm_options_file_arg; }
3487 
3488   void set_vm_options_file_arg(const char *vm_options_file_arg) {
3489     if (_vm_options_file_arg != NULL) {
3490       os::free(_vm_options_file_arg);
3491     }
3492     _vm_options_file_arg = os::strdup_check_oom(vm_options_file_arg);
3493   }
3494 
3495   ~ScopedVMInitArgs() {
3496     if (_vm_options_file_arg != NULL) {
3497       os::free(_vm_options_file_arg);
3498     }
3499     if (_args.options == NULL) return;
3500     for (int i = 0; i < _args.nOptions; i++) {
3501       os::free(_args.options[i].optionString);
3502     }
3503     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(JavaVMOption, _args.options);
3504   }
3505 
3506   // Insert options into this option list, to replace option at
3507   // vm_options_file_pos (-XX:VMOptionsFile)
3508   jint insert(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3509               const JavaVMInitArgs* args_to_insert,
3510               const int vm_options_file_pos) {
3511     assert(_args.options == NULL, "shouldn't be set yet");
3512     assert(args_to_insert->nOptions != 0, "there should be args to insert");
3513     assert(vm_options_file_pos != -1, "vm_options_file_pos should be set");
3514 
3515     int length = args->nOptions + args_to_insert->nOptions - 1;
3516     GrowableArray<JavaVMOption> *options = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments)
3517               GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>(length, true);    // Construct new option array
3518     for (int i = 0; i < args->nOptions; i++) {
3519       if (i == vm_options_file_pos) {
3520         // insert the new options starting at the same place as the
3521         // -XX:VMOptionsFile option
3522         for (int j = 0; j < args_to_insert->nOptions; j++) {
3523           options->push(args_to_insert->options[j]);
3524         }
3525       } else {
3526         options->push(args->options[i]);
3527       }
3528     }
3529     // make into options array
3530     jint result = set_args(options);
3531     delete options;
3532     return result;
3533   }
3534 };
3535 
3536 jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3537   return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", args);
3538 }
3539 
3540 jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3541   return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", args);
3542 }
3543 
3544 jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name,
3545                                                    ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3546   char *buffer = ::getenv(name);
3547 
3548   // Don't check this environment variable if user has special privileges
3549   // (e.g. unix su command).
3550   if (buffer == NULL || os::have_special_privileges()) {
3551     return JNI_OK;
3552   }
3553 
3554   if ((buffer = os::strdup(buffer)) == NULL) {
3555     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3556   }
3557 
3558   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3559               "Picked up %s: %s\n", name, buffer);
3560 
3561   int retcode = parse_options_buffer(name, buffer, strlen(buffer), vm_args);
3562 
3563   os::free(buffer);
3564   return retcode;
3565 }
3566 
3567 jint Arguments::parse_vm_options_file(const char* file_name, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3568   // read file into buffer
3569   int fd = ::open(file_name, O_RDONLY);
3570   if (fd < 0) {
3571     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3572                 "Could not open options file '%s'\n",
3573                 file_name);
3574     return JNI_ERR;
3575   }
3576 
3577   struct stat stbuf;
3578   int retcode = os::stat(file_name, &stbuf);
3579   if (retcode != 0) {
3580     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3581                 "Could not stat options file '%s'\n",
3582                 file_name);
3583     os::close(fd);
3584     return JNI_ERR;
3585   }
3586 
3587   if (stbuf.st_size == 0) {
3588     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3589     os::close(fd);
3590     return JNI_OK;
3591   }
3592 
3593   // '+ 1' for NULL termination even with max bytes
3594   size_t bytes_alloc = stbuf.st_size + 1;
3595 
3596   char *buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, bytes_alloc, mtArguments);
3597   if (NULL == buf) {
3598     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3599                 "Could not allocate read buffer for options file parse\n");
3600     os::close(fd);
3601     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3602   }
3603 
3604   memset(buf, 0, bytes_alloc);
3605 
3606   // Fill buffer
3607   // Use ::read() instead of os::read because os::read()
3608   // might do a thread state transition
3609   // and it is too early for that here
3610 
3611   ssize_t bytes_read = ::read(fd, (void *)buf, (unsigned)bytes_alloc);
3612   os::close(fd);
3613   if (bytes_read < 0) {
3614     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3615     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3616                 "Could not read options file '%s'\n", file_name);
3617     return JNI_ERR;
3618   }
3619 
3620   if (bytes_read == 0) {
3621     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3622     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3623     return JNI_OK;
3624   }
3625 
3626   retcode = parse_options_buffer(file_name, buf, bytes_read, vm_args);
3627 
3628   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3629   return retcode;
3630 }
3631 
3632 jint Arguments::parse_options_buffer(const char* name, char* buffer, const size_t buf_len, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3633   GrowableArray<JavaVMOption> *options = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments) GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>(2, true);    // Construct option array
3634 
3635   // some pointers to help with parsing
3636   char *buffer_end = buffer + buf_len;
3637   char *opt_hd = buffer;
3638   char *wrt = buffer;
3639   char *rd = buffer;
3640 
3641   // parse all options
3642   while (rd < buffer_end) {
3643     // skip leading white space from the input string
3644     while (rd < buffer_end && isspace(*rd)) {
3645       rd++;
3646     }
3647 
3648     if (rd >= buffer_end) {
3649       break;
3650     }
3651 
3652     // Remember this is where we found the head of the token.
3653     opt_hd = wrt;
3654 
3655     // Tokens are strings of non white space characters separated
3656     // by one or more white spaces.
3657     while (rd < buffer_end && !isspace(*rd)) {
3658       if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
3659         int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
3660         rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
3661         while (rd < buffer_end && *rd != quote) {
3662                                             // include everything (even spaces)
3663                                             // up until the close quote
3664           *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
3665         }
3666 
3667         if (rd < buffer_end) {
3668           rd++;                             // don't copy close quote
3669         } else {
3670                                             // did not see closing quote
3671           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3672                       "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
3673           delete options;
3674           return JNI_ERR;
3675         }
3676       } else {
3677         *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
3678       }
3679     }
3680 
3681     // steal a white space character and set it to NULL
3682     *wrt++ = '\0';
3683     // We now have a complete token
3684 
3685     JavaVMOption option;
3686     option.optionString = opt_hd;
3687     option.extraInfo = NULL;
3688 
3689     options->append(option);                // Fill in option
3690 
3691     rd++;  // Advance to next character
3692   }
3693 
3694   // Fill out JavaVMInitArgs structure.
3695   jint status = vm_args->set_args(options);
3696 
3697   delete options;
3698   return status;
3699 }
3700 
3701 void Arguments::set_shared_spaces_flags() {
3702   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3703     if (FailOverToOldVerifier) {
3704       // Don't fall back to the old verifier on verification failure. If a
3705       // class fails verification with the split verifier, it might fail the
3706       // CDS runtime verifier constraint check. In that case, we don't want
3707       // to share the class. We only archive classes that pass the split verifier.
3708       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(FailOverToOldVerifier, false);
3709     }
3710 
3711     if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
3712       warning("Cannot dump shared archive while using shared archive");
3713     }
3714     UseSharedSpaces = false;
3715 #ifdef _LP64
3716     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3717       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3718         "Cannot dump shared archive when UseCompressedOops or UseCompressedClassPointers is off.", NULL);
3719     }
3720   } else {
3721     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3722       no_shared_spaces("UseCompressedOops and UseCompressedClassPointers must be on for UseSharedSpaces.");
3723     }
3724 #endif
3725   }
3726 }
3727 
3728 // Sharing support
3729 // Construct the path to the archive
3730 static char* get_shared_archive_path() {
3731   char *shared_archive_path;
3732   if (SharedArchiveFile == NULL) {
3733     char jvm_path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3734     os::jvm_path(jvm_path, sizeof(jvm_path));
3735     char *end = strrchr(jvm_path, *os::file_separator());
3736     if (end != NULL) *end = '\0';
3737     size_t jvm_path_len = strlen(jvm_path);
3738     size_t file_sep_len = strlen(os::file_separator());
3739     const size_t len = jvm_path_len + file_sep_len + 20;
3740     shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtArguments);
3741     if (shared_archive_path != NULL) {
3742       jio_snprintf(shared_archive_path, len, "%s%sclasses.jsa",
3743         jvm_path, os::file_separator());
3744     }
3745   } else {
3746     shared_archive_path = os::strdup_check_oom(SharedArchiveFile, mtArguments);
3747   }
3748   return shared_archive_path;
3749 }
3750 
3751 #ifndef PRODUCT
3752 // Determine whether LogVMOutput should be implicitly turned on.
3753 static bool use_vm_log() {
3754   if (LogCompilation || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogFile) ||
3755       PrintCompilation || PrintInlining || PrintDependencies || PrintNativeNMethods ||
3756       PrintDebugInfo || PrintRelocations || PrintNMethods || PrintExceptionHandlers ||
3757       PrintAssembly || TraceDeoptimization || TraceDependencies ||
3758       (VerifyDependencies && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(VerifyDependencies))) {
3759     return true;
3760   }
3761 
3762 #ifdef COMPILER1
3763   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
3764     return true;
3765   }
3766 #endif // COMPILER1
3767 
3768 #ifdef COMPILER2
3769   if (PrintOptoAssembly || PrintOptoStatistics) {
3770     return true;
3771   }
3772 #endif // COMPILER2
3773 
3774   return false;
3775 }
3776 
3777 #endif // PRODUCT
3778 
3779 bool Arguments::args_contains_vm_options_file_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
3780   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3781     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3782     const char* tail;
3783     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3784       return true;
3785     }
3786   }
3787   return false;
3788 }
3789 
3790 jint Arguments::insert_vm_options_file(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3791                                        const char* vm_options_file,
3792                                        const int vm_options_file_pos,
3793                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_options_file_args,
3794                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3795   jint code = parse_vm_options_file(vm_options_file, vm_options_file_args);
3796   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3797     return code;
3798   }
3799 
3800   if (vm_options_file_args->get()->nOptions < 1) {
3801     return JNI_OK;
3802   }
3803 
3804   if (args_contains_vm_options_file_arg(vm_options_file_args->get())) {
3805     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3806                 "A VM options file may not refer to a VM options file. "
3807                 "Specification of '-XX:VMOptionsFile=<file-name>' in the "
3808                 "options file '%s' in options container '%s' is an error.\n",
3809                 vm_options_file_args->vm_options_file_arg(),
3810                 vm_options_file_args->container_name());
3811     return JNI_EINVAL;
3812   }
3813 
3814   return args_out->insert(args, vm_options_file_args->get(),
3815                           vm_options_file_pos);
3816 }
3817 
3818 // Expand -XX:VMOptionsFile found in args_in as needed.
3819 // mod_args and args_out parameters may return values as needed.
3820 jint Arguments::expand_vm_options_as_needed(const JavaVMInitArgs* args_in,
3821                                             ScopedVMInitArgs* mod_args,
3822                                             JavaVMInitArgs** args_out) {
3823   jint code = match_special_option_and_act(args_in, mod_args);
3824   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3825     return code;
3826   }
3827 
3828   if (mod_args->is_set()) {
3829     // args_in contains -XX:VMOptionsFile and mod_args contains the
3830     // original options from args_in along with the options expanded
3831     // from the VMOptionsFile. Return a short-hand to the caller.
3832     *args_out = mod_args->get();
3833   } else {
3834     *args_out = (JavaVMInitArgs *)args_in;  // no changes so use args_in
3835   }
3836   return JNI_OK;
3837 }
3838 
3839 jint Arguments::match_special_option_and_act(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3840                                              ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3841   // Remaining part of option string
3842   const char* tail;
3843   ScopedVMInitArgs vm_options_file_args(args_out->container_name());
3844 
3845   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3846     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3847     if (ArgumentsExt::process_options(option)) {
3848       continue;
3849     }
3850     if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
3851       Arguments::set_jvm_flags_file(tail);
3852       continue;
3853     }
3854     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3855       if (vm_options_file_args.found_vm_options_file_arg()) {
3856         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3857                     "The option '%s' is already specified in the options "
3858                     "container '%s' so the specification of '%s' in the "
3859                     "same options container is an error.\n",
3860                     vm_options_file_args.vm_options_file_arg(),
3861                     vm_options_file_args.container_name(),
3862                     option->optionString);
3863         return JNI_EINVAL;
3864       }
3865       vm_options_file_args.set_vm_options_file_arg(option->optionString);
3866       // If there's a VMOptionsFile, parse that
3867       jint code = insert_vm_options_file(args, tail, index,
3868                                          &vm_options_file_args, args_out);
3869       if (code != JNI_OK) {
3870         return code;
3871       }
3872       args_out->set_vm_options_file_arg(vm_options_file_args.vm_options_file_arg());
3873       if (args_out->is_set()) {
3874         // The VMOptions file inserted some options so switch 'args'
3875         // to the new set of options, and continue processing which
3876         // preserves "last option wins" semantics.
3877         args = args_out->get();
3878         // The first option from the VMOptionsFile replaces the
3879         // current option.  So we back track to process the
3880         // replacement option.
3881         index--;
3882       }
3883       continue;
3884     }
3885     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions")) {
3886       PrintVMOptions = true;
3887       continue;
3888     }
3889     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintVMOptions")) {
3890       PrintVMOptions = false;
3891       continue;
3892     }
3893     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3894       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = true;
3895       continue;
3896     }
3897     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3898       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = false;
3899       continue;
3900     }
3901     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsInitial")) {
3902       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
3903       vm_exit(0);
3904     }
3905     if (match_option(option, "-XX:NativeMemoryTracking", &tail)) {
3906 #if INCLUDE_NMT
3907       // The launcher did not setup nmt environment variable properly.
3908       if (!MemTracker::check_launcher_nmt_support(tail)) {
3909         warning("Native Memory Tracking did not setup properly, using wrong launcher?");
3910       }
3911 
3912       // Verify if nmt option is valid.
3913       if (MemTracker::verify_nmt_option()) {
3914         // Late initialization, still in single-threaded mode.
3915         if (MemTracker::tracking_level() >= NMT_summary) {
3916           MemTracker::init();
3917         }
3918       } else {
3919         vm_exit_during_initialization("Syntax error, expecting -XX:NativeMemoryTracking=[off|summary|detail]", NULL);
3920       }
3921       continue;
3922 #else
3923       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3924         "Native Memory Tracking is not supported in this VM\n");
3925       return JNI_ERR;
3926 #endif
3927     }
3928 
3929 #ifndef PRODUCT
3930     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsWithComments")) {
3931       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, true);
3932       vm_exit(0);
3933     }
3934 #endif
3935   }
3936   return JNI_OK;
3937 }
3938 
3939 static void print_options(const JavaVMInitArgs *args) {
3940   const char* tail;
3941   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3942     const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
3943     if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
3944       logOption(tail);
3945     }
3946   }
3947 }
3948 
3949 bool Arguments::handle_deprecated_print_gc_flags() {
3950   if (PrintGC) {
3951     log_warning(gc)("-XX:+PrintGC is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc instead.");
3952   }
3953   if (PrintGCDetails) {
3954     log_warning(gc)("-XX:+PrintGCDetails is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc* instead.");
3955   }
3956 
3957   if (_gc_log_filename != NULL) {
3958     // -Xloggc was used to specify a filename
3959     const char* gc_conf = PrintGCDetails ? "gc*" : "gc";
3960 
3961     LogTarget(Error, logging) target;
3962     LogStream errstream(target);
3963     return LogConfiguration::parse_log_arguments(_gc_log_filename, gc_conf, NULL, NULL, &errstream);
3964   } else if (PrintGC || PrintGCDetails) {
3965     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, !PrintGCDetails, LOG_TAGS(gc));
3966   }
3967   return true;
3968 }
3969 
3970 void Arguments::handle_extra_cms_flags(const char* msg) {
3971   SpecialFlag flag;
3972   const char *flag_name = "UseConcMarkSweepGC";
3973   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
3974     handle_aliases_and_deprecation(flag_name, /* print warning */ true);
3975     warning("%s", msg);
3976   }
3977 }
3978 
3979 // Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
3980 
3981 jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* initial_cmd_args) {
3982   assert(verify_special_jvm_flags(), "deprecated and obsolete flag table inconsistent");
3983 
3984   // Initialize ranges, constraints and writeables
3985   CommandLineFlagRangeList::init();
3986   CommandLineFlagConstraintList::init();
3987   CommandLineFlagWriteableList::init();
3988 
3989   // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
3990   const char* hotspotrc = ".hotspotrc";
3991   bool settings_file_specified = false;
3992   bool needs_hotspotrc_warning = false;
3993   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_java_tool_options_args("env_var='JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS'");
3994   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_java_options_args("env_var='_JAVA_OPTIONS'");
3995 
3996   // Pointers to current working set of containers
3997   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_cmd_args;
3998   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_java_options_args;
3999   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_java_tool_options_args;
4000 
4001   // Containers for modified/expanded options
4002   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_cmd_args("cmd_line_args");
4003   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_java_tool_options_args("env_var='JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS'");
4004   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_java_options_args("env_var='_JAVA_OPTIONS'");
4005 
4006 
4007   jint code =
4008       parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&initial_java_tool_options_args);
4009   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4010     return code;
4011   }
4012 
4013   code = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&initial_java_options_args);
4014   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4015     return code;
4016   }
4017 
4018   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_java_tool_options_args.get(),
4019                                      &mod_java_tool_options_args,
4020                                      &cur_java_tool_options_args);
4021   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4022     return code;
4023   }
4024 
4025   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_cmd_args,
4026                                      &mod_cmd_args,
4027                                      &cur_cmd_args);
4028   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4029     return code;
4030   }
4031 
4032   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_java_options_args.get(),
4033                                      &mod_java_options_args,
4034                                      &cur_java_options_args);
4035   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4036     return code;
4037   }
4038 
4039   const char* flags_file = Arguments::get_jvm_flags_file();
4040   settings_file_specified = (flags_file != NULL);
4041 
4042   if (IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions) {
4043     cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
4044     cur_java_tool_options_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
4045     cur_java_options_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
4046   }
4047 
4048   // Parse specified settings file
4049   if (settings_file_specified) {
4050     if (!process_settings_file(flags_file, true,
4051                                cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
4052       return JNI_EINVAL;
4053     }
4054   } else {
4055 #ifdef ASSERT
4056     // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
4057     if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false,
4058                                cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
4059       return JNI_EINVAL;
4060     }
4061 #else
4062     struct stat buf;
4063     if (os::stat(hotspotrc, &buf) == 0) {
4064       needs_hotspotrc_warning = true;
4065     }
4066 #endif
4067   }
4068 
4069   if (PrintVMOptions) {
4070     print_options(cur_java_tool_options_args);
4071     print_options(cur_cmd_args);
4072     print_options(cur_java_options_args);
4073   }
4074 
4075   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
4076   jint result = parse_vm_init_args(cur_java_tool_options_args,
4077                                    cur_java_options_args,
4078                                    cur_cmd_args);
4079 
4080   if (result != JNI_OK) {
4081     return result;
4082   }
4083 
4084   // Call get_shared_archive_path() here, after possible SharedArchiveFile option got parsed.
4085   SharedArchivePath = get_shared_archive_path();
4086   if (SharedArchivePath == NULL) {
4087     return JNI_ENOMEM;
4088   }
4089 
4090   // Set up VerifySharedSpaces
4091   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(VerifySharedSpaces) && SharedArchiveFile != NULL) {
4092     VerifySharedSpaces = true;
4093   }
4094 
4095   // Delay warning until here so that we've had a chance to process
4096   // the -XX:-PrintWarnings flag
4097   if (needs_hotspotrc_warning) {
4098     warning("%s file is present but has been ignored.  "
4099             "Run with -XX:Flags=%s to load the file.",
4100             hotspotrc, hotspotrc);
4101   }
4102 
4103   if (needs_module_property_warning) {
4104     warning("Ignoring system property options whose names match the '-Djdk.module.*'."
4105             " names that are reserved for internal use.");
4106   }
4107 
4108 #if defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) || defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
4109   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseLargePages);
4110 #endif
4111 
4112   ArgumentsExt::report_unsupported_options();
4113 
4114 #ifndef PRODUCT
4115   if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
4116     TraceBytecodes = true;
4117   }
4118   if (CountCompiledCalls) {
4119     if (UseCounterDecay) {
4120       warning("UseCounterDecay disabled because CountCalls is set");
4121       UseCounterDecay = false;
4122     }
4123   }
4124 #endif // PRODUCT
4125 
4126   if (ScavengeRootsInCode == 0) {
4127     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeRootsInCode)) {
4128       warning("Forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero");
4129     }
4130     ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
4131   }
4132 
4133   if (!handle_deprecated_print_gc_flags()) {
4134     return JNI_EINVAL;
4135   }
4136 
4137   // Set object alignment values.
4138   set_object_alignment();
4139 
4140 #if !INCLUDE_CDS
4141   if (DumpSharedSpaces || RequireSharedSpaces) {
4142     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
4143       "Shared spaces are not supported in this VM\n");
4144     return JNI_ERR;
4145   }
4146   if ((UseSharedSpaces && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseSharedSpaces)) ||
4147       log_is_enabled(Info, cds)) {
4148     warning("Shared spaces are not supported in this VM");
4149     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
4150     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Off, true, LOG_TAGS(cds));
4151   }
4152   no_shared_spaces("CDS Disabled");
4153 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
4154 
4155   return JNI_OK;
4156 }
4157 
4158 jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
4159   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
4160   jint result = set_ergonomics_flags();
4161   if (result != JNI_OK) return result;
4162 
4163 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
4164   set_jvmci_specific_flags();
4165 #endif
4166 
4167   set_shared_spaces_flags();
4168 
4169   // Check the GC selections again.
4170   if (!check_gc_consistency()) {
4171     return JNI_EINVAL;
4172   }
4173 
4174   if (TieredCompilation) {
4175     set_tiered_flags();
4176   } else {
4177     int max_compilation_policy_choice = 1;
4178 #ifdef COMPILER2
4179     if (is_server_compilation_mode_vm()) {
4180       max_compilation_policy_choice = 2;
4181     }
4182 #endif
4183     // Check if the policy is valid.
4184     if (CompilationPolicyChoice >= max_compilation_policy_choice) {
4185       vm_exit_during_initialization(
4186         "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
4187     }
4188     // Scale CompileThreshold
4189     // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is equivalent to -Xint and leaves CompileThreshold unchanged.
4190     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThresholdScaling) && CompileThresholdScaling > 0.0) {
4191       FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(CompileThreshold));
4192     }
4193   }
4194 
4195 #ifdef COMPILER2
4196 #ifndef PRODUCT
4197   if (PrintIdealGraphLevel > 0) {
4198     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, PrintIdealGraph, true);
4199   }
4200 #endif
4201 #endif
4202 
4203   // Set heap size based on available physical memory
4204   set_heap_size();
4205 
4206   ArgumentsExt::set_gc_specific_flags();
4207 
4208   // Initialize Metaspace flags and alignments
4209   Metaspace::ergo_initialize();
4210 
4211   // Set bytecode rewriting flags
4212   set_bytecode_flags();
4213 
4214   // Set flags if Aggressive optimization flags (-XX:+AggressiveOpts) enabled
4215   jint code = set_aggressive_opts_flags();
4216   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4217     return code;
4218   }
4219 
4220   // Turn off biased locking for locking debug mode flags,
4221   // which are subtly different from each other but neither works with
4222   // biased locking
4223   if (UseHeavyMonitors
4224 #ifdef COMPILER1
4225       || !UseFastLocking
4226 #endif // COMPILER1
4227 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
4228       || !JVMCIUseFastLocking
4229 #endif
4230     ) {
4231     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking) && UseBiasedLocking) {
4232       // flag set to true on command line; warn the user that they
4233       // can't enable biased locking here
4234       warning("Biased Locking is not supported with locking debug flags"
4235               "; ignoring UseBiasedLocking flag." );
4236     }
4237     UseBiasedLocking = false;
4238   }
4239 
4240 #ifdef CC_INTERP
4241   // Clear flags not supported on zero.
4242   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ProfileInterpreter, false);
4243   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking, false);
4244   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false));
4245   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false));
4246 #endif // CC_INTERP
4247 
4248 #ifdef COMPILER2
4249   if (!EliminateLocks) {
4250     EliminateNestedLocks = false;
4251   }
4252   if (!Inline) {
4253     IncrementalInline = false;
4254   }
4255 #ifndef PRODUCT
4256   if (!IncrementalInline) {
4257     AlwaysIncrementalInline = false;
4258   }
4259 #endif
4260   if (!UseTypeSpeculation && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel)) {
4261     // nothing to use the profiling, turn if off
4262     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel, 0);
4263   }
4264 #endif
4265 
4266   if (PrintAssembly && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DebugNonSafepoints)) {
4267     warning("PrintAssembly is enabled; turning on DebugNonSafepoints to gain additional output");
4268     DebugNonSafepoints = true;
4269   }
4270 
4271   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CompressedClassSpaceSize) && !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
4272     warning("Setting CompressedClassSpaceSize has no effect when compressed class pointers are not used");
4273   }
4274 
4275   if (UseOnStackReplacement && !UseLoopCounter) {
4276     warning("On-stack-replacement requires loop counters; enabling loop counters");
4277     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLoopCounter, true);
4278   }
4279 
4280 #ifndef PRODUCT
4281   if (!LogVMOutput && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogVMOutput)) {
4282     if (use_vm_log()) {
4283       LogVMOutput = true;
4284     }
4285   }
4286 #endif // PRODUCT
4287 
4288   if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
4289     CommandLineFlags::printSetFlags(tty);
4290   }
4291 
4292   // Apply CPU specific policy for the BiasedLocking
4293   if (UseBiasedLocking) {
4294     if (!VM_Version::use_biased_locking() &&
4295         !(FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseBiasedLocking))) {
4296       UseBiasedLocking = false;
4297     }
4298   }
4299 #ifdef COMPILER2
4300   if (!UseBiasedLocking || EmitSync != 0) {
4301     UseOptoBiasInlining = false;
4302   }
4303 #endif
4304 
4305   bool aot_enabled = UseAOT && AOTLibrary != NULL;
4306   bool jvmci_enabled = NOT_JVMCI(false) JVMCI_ONLY(EnableJVMCI || UseJVMCICompiler);
4307   bool handshakes_supported = SafepointMechanism::supports_thread_local_poll() && !aot_enabled && !jvmci_enabled && ThreadLocalHandshakes;
4308   // ThreadLocalHandshakesConstraintFunc handles the constraints.
4309   // Here we try to figure out if a mutual exclusive option have been set that conflict with a default.
4310   if (handshakes_supported) {
4311     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAOT, false); // Clear the AOT flag to make sure it doesn't try to initialize.
4312   } else {
4313     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ThreadLocalHandshakes) && ThreadLocalHandshakes) {
4314       if (aot_enabled) {
4315         // If user enabled AOT but ThreadLocalHandshakes is at default set it to false.
4316         log_debug(ergo)("Disabling ThreadLocalHandshakes for UseAOT.");
4317         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ThreadLocalHandshakes, false);
4318       } else if (jvmci_enabled){
4319         // If user enabled JVMCI but ThreadLocalHandshakes is at default set it to false.
4320         log_debug(ergo)("Disabling ThreadLocalHandshakes for EnableJVMCI/UseJVMCICompiler.");
4321         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ThreadLocalHandshakes, false);
4322       }
4323     }
4324   }
4325   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ThreadLocalHandshakes) || !SafepointMechanism::supports_thread_local_poll()) {
4326     log_debug(ergo)("ThreadLocalHandshakes %s", ThreadLocalHandshakes ? "enabled." : "disabled.");
4327   } else {
4328     log_info(ergo)("ThreadLocalHandshakes %s", ThreadLocalHandshakes ? "enabled." : "disabled.");
4329   }
4330 
4331   return JNI_OK;
4332 }
4333 
4334 jint Arguments::adjust_after_os() {
4335   if (UseNUMA) {
4336     if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
4337       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes)) {
4338          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes, 64*M);
4339       }
4340     }
4341     // UseNUMAInterleaving is set to ON for all collectors and
4342     // platforms when UseNUMA is set to ON. NUMA-aware collectors
4343     // such as the parallel collector for Linux and Solaris will
4344     // interleave old gen and survivor spaces on top of NUMA
4345     // allocation policy for the eden space.
4346     // Non NUMA-aware collectors such as CMS, G1 and Serial-GC on
4347     // all platforms and ParallelGC on Windows will interleave all
4348     // of the heap spaces across NUMA nodes.
4349     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving)) {
4350       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseNUMAInterleaving, true);
4351     }
4352   }
4353   return JNI_OK;
4354 }
4355 
4356 int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
4357   int count = 0;
4358   while(pl != NULL) {
4359     count++;
4360     pl = pl->next();
4361   }
4362   return count;
4363 }
4364 
4365 // Return the number of readable properties.
4366 int Arguments::PropertyList_readable_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
4367   int count = 0;
4368   while(pl != NULL) {
4369     if (pl->is_readable()) {
4370       count++;
4371     }
4372     pl = pl->next();
4373   }
4374   return count;
4375 }
4376 
4377 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
4378   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
4379   SystemProperty* prop;
4380   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4381     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
4382   }
4383   return NULL;
4384 }
4385 
4386 // Return the value of the requested property provided that it is a readable property.
4387 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_readable_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
4388   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
4389   SystemProperty* prop;
4390   // Return the property value if the keys match and the property is not internal or
4391   // it's the special internal property "jdk.boot.class.path.append".
4392   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4393     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) {
4394       if (!prop->internal()) {
4395         return prop->value();
4396       } else if (strcmp(key, "jdk.boot.class.path.append") == 0) {
4397         return prop->value();
4398       } else {
4399         // Property is internal and not jdk.boot.class.path.append so return NULL.
4400         return NULL;
4401       }
4402     }
4403   }
4404   return NULL;
4405 }
4406 
4407 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_key_at(SystemProperty *pl, int index) {
4408   int count = 0;
4409   const char* ret_val = NULL;
4410 
4411   while(pl != NULL) {
4412     if(count >= index) {
4413       ret_val = pl->key();
4414       break;
4415     }
4416     count++;
4417     pl = pl->next();
4418   }
4419 
4420   return ret_val;
4421 }
4422 
4423 char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value_at(SystemProperty* pl, int index) {
4424   int count = 0;
4425   char* ret_val = NULL;
4426 
4427   while(pl != NULL) {
4428     if(count >= index) {
4429       ret_val = pl->value();
4430       break;
4431     }
4432     count++;
4433     pl = pl->next();
4434   }
4435 
4436   return ret_val;
4437 }
4438 
4439 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
4440   SystemProperty* p = *plist;
4441   if (p == NULL) {
4442     *plist = new_p;
4443   } else {
4444     while (p->next() != NULL) {
4445       p = p->next();
4446     }
4447     p->set_next(new_p);
4448   }
4449 }
4450 
4451 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v,
4452                                  bool writeable, bool internal) {
4453   if (plist == NULL)
4454     return;
4455 
4456   SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, writeable, internal);
4457   PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
4458 }
4459 
4460 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty *element) {
4461   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, element);
4462 }
4463 
4464 // This add maintains unique property key in the list.
4465 void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v,
4466                                         PropertyAppendable append, PropertyWriteable writeable,
4467                                         PropertyInternal internal) {
4468   if (plist == NULL)
4469     return;
4470 
4471   // If property key exist then update with new value.
4472   SystemProperty* prop;
4473   for (prop = *plist; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4474     if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
4475       if (append == AppendProperty) {
4476         prop->append_value(v);
4477       } else {
4478         prop->set_value(v);
4479       }
4480       return;
4481     }
4482   }
4483 
4484   PropertyList_add(plist, k, v, writeable == WriteableProperty, internal == InternalProperty);
4485 }
4486 
4487 // Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
4488 // Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
4489 // the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
4490 // Notes:
4491 // 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
4492 // NULL terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
4493 // pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
4494 // expanded one.
4495 // 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
4496 bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
4497                                 char* buf, size_t buflen) {
4498   const char* p = src;
4499   char* b = buf;
4500   const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
4501   char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
4502 
4503   while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
4504     if (*p == '%') {
4505       switch (*(++p)) {
4506       case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
4507         *b++ = *p++;
4508         break;
4509       case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
4510         // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
4511         // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
4512         size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
4513         int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
4514 
4515         // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
4516         // the expanded pid, returns false.
4517         if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
4518           return false;
4519         } else {
4520           b += ret;
4521           assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
4522           if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
4523             // reach the end of the buffer.
4524             return true;
4525           }
4526         }
4527         p++;
4528         break;
4529       }
4530       default :
4531         *b++ = '%';
4532       }
4533     } else {
4534       *b++ = *p++;
4535     }
4536   }
4537   *b = '\0';
4538   return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
4539 }