1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "jvm.h"
  27 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/javaAssertions.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  32 #include "gc/shared/collectorPolicy.hpp"
  33 #include "gc/shared/gcArguments.hpp"
  34 #include "gc/shared/gcConfig.hpp"
  35 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  36 #include "logging/logConfiguration.hpp"
  37 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  38 #include "logging/logTag.hpp"
  39 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  40 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  41 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  42 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  43 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  44 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlag.hpp"
  45 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagConstraintList.hpp"
  46 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagWriteableList.hpp"
  47 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagRangeList.hpp"
  48 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/os.inline.hpp"
  51 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/safepointMechanism.hpp"
  53 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
  54 #include "services/management.hpp"
  55 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"
  56 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
  57 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  58 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  59 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
  60 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
  61 #include "jvmci/jvmciRuntime.hpp"
  62 #endif
  63 #if INCLUDE_JFR
  64 #include "jfr/jfr.hpp"
  65 #endif
  66 
  67 // Note: This is a special bug reporting site for the JVM
  68 #ifdef VENDOR_URL_VM_BUG
  69 # define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG VENDOR_URL_VM_BUG
  70 #else
  71 # define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG "http://bugreport.java.com/bugreport/crash.jsp"
  72 #endif
  73 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER  "generic"
  74 
  75 char*  Arguments::_jvm_flags_file               = NULL;
  76 char** Arguments::_jvm_flags_array              = NULL;
  77 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_flags                = 0;
  78 char** Arguments::_jvm_args_array               = NULL;
  79 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_args                 = 0;
  80 char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = NULL;
  81 SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = NULL;
  82 const char*  Arguments::_gc_log_filename        = NULL;
  83 size_t Arguments::_conservative_max_heap_alignment = 0;
  84 size_t Arguments::_min_heap_size                = 0;
  85 Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
  86 bool   Arguments::_java_compiler                = false;
  87 bool   Arguments::_xdebug_mode                  = false;
  88 const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG;
  89 const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
  90 int    Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_pid        = -1;
  91 bool   Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm  = false;
  92 
  93 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args()
  94 bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
  95 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
  96 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
  97 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
  98 intx   Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog     = Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
  99 intx   Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold     = Tier4InvocationThreshold;
 100 
 101 bool   Arguments::_enable_preview               = false;
 102 
 103 char*  Arguments::SharedArchivePath             = NULL;
 104 
 105 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_libraryList;
 106 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_agentList;
 107 
 108 // These are not set by the JDK's built-in launchers, but they can be set by
 109 // programs that embed the JVM using JNI_CreateJavaVM. See comments around
 110 // JavaVMOption in jni.h.
 111 abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = NULL;
 112 exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = NULL;
 113 vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = NULL;
 114 
 115 
 116 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = NULL;
 117 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = NULL;
 118 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = NULL;
 119 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = NULL;
 120 SystemProperty *Arguments::_jdk_boot_class_path_append = NULL;
 121 SystemProperty *Arguments::_vm_info = NULL;
 122 
 123 GrowableArray<ModulePatchPath*> *Arguments::_patch_mod_prefix = NULL;
 124 PathString *Arguments::_system_boot_class_path = NULL;
 125 bool Arguments::_has_jimage = false;
 126 
 127 char* Arguments::_ext_dirs = NULL;
 128 
 129 bool PathString::set_value(const char *value) {
 130   if (_value != NULL) {
 131     FreeHeap(_value);
 132   }
 133   _value = AllocateHeap(strlen(value)+1, mtArguments);
 134   assert(_value != NULL, "Unable to allocate space for new path value");
 135   if (_value != NULL) {
 136     strcpy(_value, value);
 137   } else {
 138     // not able to allocate
 139     return false;
 140   }
 141   return true;
 142 }
 143 
 144 void PathString::append_value(const char *value) {
 145   char *sp;
 146   size_t len = 0;
 147   if (value != NULL) {
 148     len = strlen(value);
 149     if (_value != NULL) {
 150       len += strlen(_value);
 151     }
 152     sp = AllocateHeap(len+2, mtArguments);
 153     assert(sp != NULL, "Unable to allocate space for new append path value");
 154     if (sp != NULL) {
 155       if (_value != NULL) {
 156         strcpy(sp, _value);
 157         strcat(sp, os::path_separator());
 158         strcat(sp, value);
 159         FreeHeap(_value);
 160       } else {
 161         strcpy(sp, value);
 162       }
 163       _value = sp;
 164     }
 165   }
 166 }
 167 
 168 PathString::PathString(const char* value) {
 169   if (value == NULL) {
 170     _value = NULL;
 171   } else {
 172     _value = AllocateHeap(strlen(value)+1, mtArguments);
 173     strcpy(_value, value);
 174   }
 175 }
 176 
 177 PathString::~PathString() {
 178   if (_value != NULL) {
 179     FreeHeap(_value);
 180     _value = NULL;
 181   }
 182 }
 183 
 184 ModulePatchPath::ModulePatchPath(const char* module_name, const char* path) {
 185   assert(module_name != NULL && path != NULL, "Invalid module name or path value");
 186   size_t len = strlen(module_name) + 1;
 187   _module_name = AllocateHeap(len, mtInternal);
 188   strncpy(_module_name, module_name, len); // copy the trailing null
 189   _path =  new PathString(path);
 190 }
 191 
 192 ModulePatchPath::~ModulePatchPath() {
 193   if (_module_name != NULL) {
 194     FreeHeap(_module_name);
 195     _module_name = NULL;
 196   }
 197   if (_path != NULL) {
 198     delete _path;
 199     _path = NULL;
 200   }
 201 }
 202 
 203 SystemProperty::SystemProperty(const char* key, const char* value, bool writeable, bool internal) : PathString(value) {
 204   if (key == NULL) {
 205     _key = NULL;
 206   } else {
 207     _key = AllocateHeap(strlen(key)+1, mtArguments);
 208     strcpy(_key, key);
 209   }
 210   _next = NULL;
 211   _internal = internal;
 212   _writeable = writeable;
 213 }
 214 
 215 AgentLibrary::AgentLibrary(const char* name, const char* options,
 216                bool is_absolute_path, void* os_lib,
 217                bool instrument_lib) {
 218   _name = AllocateHeap(strlen(name)+1, mtArguments);
 219   strcpy(_name, name);
 220   if (options == NULL) {
 221     _options = NULL;
 222   } else {
 223     _options = AllocateHeap(strlen(options)+1, mtArguments);
 224     strcpy(_options, options);
 225   }
 226   _is_absolute_path = is_absolute_path;
 227   _os_lib = os_lib;
 228   _next = NULL;
 229   _state = agent_invalid;
 230   _is_static_lib = false;
 231   _is_instrument_lib = instrument_lib;
 232 }
 233 
 234 // Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' to the remaining
 235 // part of the option string.
 236 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
 237                          const char** tail) {
 238   size_t len = strlen(name);
 239   if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
 240     *tail = option->optionString + len;
 241     return true;
 242   } else {
 243     return false;
 244   }
 245 }
 246 
 247 // Check if 'option' matches 'name'. No "tail" is allowed.
 248 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name) {
 249   const char* tail = NULL;
 250   bool result = match_option(option, name, &tail);
 251   if (tail != NULL && *tail == '\0') {
 252     return result;
 253   } else {
 254     return false;
 255   }
 256 }
 257 
 258 // Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
 259 // If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
 260 // the option must match exactly.
 261 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
 262   bool tail_allowed) {
 263   for (/* empty */; *names != NULL; ++names) {
 264   if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
 265       if (**tail == '\0' || (tail_allowed && **tail == ':')) {
 266         return true;
 267       }
 268     }
 269   }
 270   return false;
 271 }
 272 
 273 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 274 // return true on failure
 275 static bool match_jfr_option(const JavaVMOption** option) {
 276   assert((*option)->optionString != NULL, "invariant");
 277   char* tail = NULL;
 278   if (match_option(*option, "-XX:StartFlightRecording", (const char**)&tail)) {
 279     return Jfr::on_start_flight_recording_option(option, tail);
 280   } else if (match_option(*option, "-XX:FlightRecorderOptions", (const char**)&tail)) {
 281     return Jfr::on_flight_recorder_option(option, tail);
 282   }
 283   return false;
 284 }
 285 #endif
 286 
 287 static void logOption(const char* opt) {
 288   if (PrintVMOptions) {
 289     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
 290   }
 291 }
 292 
 293 bool needs_module_property_warning = false;
 294 
 295 #define MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX "jdk.module."
 296 #define MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN 11
 297 #define ADDEXPORTS "addexports"
 298 #define ADDEXPORTS_LEN 10
 299 #define ADDREADS "addreads"
 300 #define ADDREADS_LEN 8
 301 #define ADDOPENS "addopens"
 302 #define ADDOPENS_LEN 8
 303 #define PATCH "patch"
 304 #define PATCH_LEN 5
 305 #define ADDMODS "addmods"
 306 #define ADDMODS_LEN 7
 307 #define LIMITMODS "limitmods"
 308 #define LIMITMODS_LEN 9
 309 #define PATH "path"
 310 #define PATH_LEN 4
 311 #define UPGRADE_PATH "upgrade.path"
 312 #define UPGRADE_PATH_LEN 12
 313 
 314 void Arguments::add_init_library(const char* name, char* options) {
 315   _libraryList.add(new AgentLibrary(name, options, false, NULL));
 316 }
 317 
 318 void Arguments::add_init_agent(const char* name, char* options, bool absolute_path) {
 319   _agentList.add(new AgentLibrary(name, options, absolute_path, NULL));
 320 }
 321 
 322 void Arguments::add_instrument_agent(const char* name, char* options, bool absolute_path) {
 323   _agentList.add(new AgentLibrary(name, options, absolute_path, NULL, true));
 324 }
 325 
 326 // Late-binding agents not started via arguments
 327 void Arguments::add_loaded_agent(AgentLibrary *agentLib) {
 328   _agentList.add(agentLib);
 329 }
 330 
 331 // Return TRUE if option matches 'property', or 'property=', or 'property.'.
 332 static bool matches_property_suffix(const char* option, const char* property, size_t len) {
 333   return ((strncmp(option, property, len) == 0) &&
 334           (option[len] == '=' || option[len] == '.' || option[len] == '\0'));
 335 }
 336 
 337 // Return true if property starts with "jdk.module." and its ensuing chars match
 338 // any of the reserved module properties.
 339 // property should be passed without the leading "-D".
 340 bool Arguments::is_internal_module_property(const char* property) {
 341   assert((strncmp(property, "-D", 2) != 0), "Unexpected leading -D");
 342   if  (strncmp(property, MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX, MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN) == 0) {
 343     const char* property_suffix = property + MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN;
 344     if (matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDEXPORTS, ADDEXPORTS_LEN) ||
 345         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDREADS, ADDREADS_LEN) ||
 346         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDOPENS, ADDOPENS_LEN) ||
 347         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, PATCH, PATCH_LEN) ||
 348         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDMODS, ADDMODS_LEN) ||
 349         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, LIMITMODS, LIMITMODS_LEN) ||
 350         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, PATH, PATH_LEN) ||
 351         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, UPGRADE_PATH, UPGRADE_PATH_LEN)) {
 352       return true;
 353     }
 354   }
 355   return false;
 356 }
 357 
 358 // Process java launcher properties.
 359 void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
 360   // See if sun.java.launcher, sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm or
 361   // sun.java.launcher.pid is defined.
 362   // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
 363   // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
 364   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
 365     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
 366     const char* tail;
 367 
 368     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
 369       process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
 370       continue;
 371     }
 372     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.is_altjvm=", &tail)) {
 373       if (strcmp(tail, "true") == 0) {
 374         _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm = true;
 375       }
 376       continue;
 377     }
 378     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.pid=", &tail)) {
 379       _sun_java_launcher_pid = atoi(tail);
 380       continue;
 381     }
 382   }
 383 }
 384 
 385 // Initialize system properties key and value.
 386 void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
 387 
 388   // Set up _system_boot_class_path which is not a property but
 389   // relies heavily on argument processing and the jdk.boot.class.path.append
 390   // property. It is used to store the underlying system boot class path.
 391   _system_boot_class_path = new PathString(NULL);
 392 
 393   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
 394                                                            "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
 395   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
 396   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
 397   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("jdk.debug", VM_Version::jdk_debug_level(),  false));
 398 
 399   // Initialize the vm.info now, but it will need updating after argument parsing.
 400   _vm_info = new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(), true);
 401 
 402   // Following are JVMTI agent writable properties.
 403   // Properties values are set to NULL and they are
 404   // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
 405   _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", NULL,  true);
 406   _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", NULL,  true);
 407   _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", NULL,  true);
 408   _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
 409   // jdk.boot.class.path.append is a non-writeable, internal property.
 410   // It can only be set by either:
 411   //    - -Xbootclasspath/a:
 412   //    - AddToBootstrapClassLoaderSearch during JVMTI OnLoad phase
 413   _jdk_boot_class_path_append = new SystemProperty("jdk.boot.class.path.append", "", false, true);
 414 
 415   // Add to System Property list.
 416   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
 417   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
 418   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
 419   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
 420   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _jdk_boot_class_path_append);
 421   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _vm_info);
 422 
 423   // Set OS specific system properties values
 424   os::init_system_properties_values();
 425 }
 426 
 427 // Update/Initialize System properties after JDK version number is known
 428 void Arguments::init_version_specific_system_properties() {
 429   enum { bufsz = 16 };
 430   char buffer[bufsz];
 431   const char* spec_vendor = "Oracle Corporation";
 432   uint32_t spec_version = JDK_Version::current().major_version();
 433 
 434   jio_snprintf(buffer, bufsz, UINT32_FORMAT, spec_version);
 435 
 436   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 437       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",  spec_vendor, false));
 438   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 439       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", buffer, false));
 440   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 441       new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
 442 }
 443 
 444 /*
 445  *  -XX argument processing:
 446  *
 447  *  -XX arguments are defined in several places, such as:
 448  *      globals.hpp, globals_<cpu>.hpp, globals_<os>.hpp, <compiler>_globals.hpp, or <gc>_globals.hpp.
 449  *  -XX arguments are parsed in parse_argument().
 450  *  -XX argument bounds checking is done in check_vm_args_consistency().
 451  *
 452  * Over time -XX arguments may change. There are mechanisms to handle common cases:
 453  *
 454  *      ALIASED: An option that is simply another name for another option. This is often
 455  *               part of the process of deprecating a flag, but not all aliases need
 456  *               to be deprecated.
 457  *
 458  *               Create an alias for an option by adding the old and new option names to the
 459  *               "aliased_jvm_flags" table. Delete the old variable from globals.hpp (etc).
 460  *
 461  *   DEPRECATED: An option that is supported, but a warning is printed to let the user know that
 462  *               support may be removed in the future. Both regular and aliased options may be
 463  *               deprecated.
 464  *
 465  *               Add a deprecation warning for an option (or alias) by adding an entry in the
 466  *               "special_jvm_flags" table and setting the "deprecated_in" field.
 467  *               Often an option "deprecated" in one major release will
 468  *               be made "obsolete" in the next. In this case the entry should also have its
 469  *               "obsolete_in" field set.
 470  *
 471  *     OBSOLETE: An option that has been removed (and deleted from globals.hpp), but is still accepted
 472  *               on the command line. A warning is printed to let the user know that option might not
 473  *               be accepted in the future.
 474  *
 475  *               Add an obsolete warning for an option by adding an entry in the "special_jvm_flags"
 476  *               table and setting the "obsolete_in" field.
 477  *
 478  *      EXPIRED: A deprecated or obsolete option that has an "accept_until" version less than or equal
 479  *               to the current JDK version. The system will flatly refuse to admit the existence of
 480  *               the flag. This allows a flag to die automatically over JDK releases.
 481  *
 482  *               Note that manual cleanup of expired options should be done at major JDK version upgrades:
 483  *                  - Newly expired options should be removed from the special_jvm_flags and aliased_jvm_flags tables.
 484  *                  - Newly obsolete or expired deprecated options should have their global variable
 485  *                    definitions removed (from globals.hpp, etc) and related implementations removed.
 486  *
 487  * Recommended approach for removing options:
 488  *
 489  * To remove options commonly used by customers (e.g. product -XX options), use
 490  * the 3-step model adding major release numbers to the deprecate, obsolete and expire columns.
 491  *
 492  * To remove internal options (e.g. diagnostic, experimental, develop options), use
 493  * a 2-step model adding major release numbers to the obsolete and expire columns.
 494  *
 495  * To change the name of an option, use the alias table as well as a 2-step
 496  * model adding major release numbers to the deprecate and expire columns.
 497  * Think twice about aliasing commonly used customer options.
 498  *
 499  * There are times when it is appropriate to leave a future release number as undefined.
 500  *
 501  * Tests:  Aliases should be tested in VMAliasOptions.java.
 502  *         Deprecated options should be tested in VMDeprecatedOptions.java.
 503  */
 504 
 505 // The special_jvm_flags table declares options that are being deprecated and/or obsoleted. The
 506 // "deprecated_in" or "obsolete_in" fields may be set to "undefined", but not both.
 507 // When the JDK version reaches 'deprecated_in' limit, the JVM will process this flag on
 508 // the command-line as usual, but will issue a warning.
 509 // When the JDK version reaches 'obsolete_in' limit, the JVM will continue accepting this flag on
 510 // the command-line, while issuing a warning and ignoring the flag value.
 511 // Once the JDK version reaches 'expired_in' limit, the JVM will flatly refuse to admit the
 512 // existence of the flag.
 513 //
 514 // MANUAL CLEANUP ON JDK VERSION UPDATES:
 515 // This table ensures that the handling of options will update automatically when the JDK
 516 // version is incremented, but the source code needs to be cleanup up manually:
 517 // - As "deprecated" options age into "obsolete" or "expired" options, the associated "globals"
 518 //   variable should be removed, as well as users of the variable.
 519 // - As "deprecated" options age into "obsolete" options, move the entry into the
 520 //   "Obsolete Flags" section of the table.
 521 // - All expired options should be removed from the table.
 522 static SpecialFlag const special_jvm_flags[] = {
 523   // -------------- Deprecated Flags --------------
 524   // --- Non-alias flags - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
 525   { "MaxGCMinorPauseMillis",        JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 526   { "UseConcMarkSweepGC",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 527   { "MaxRAMFraction",               JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 528   { "MinRAMFraction",               JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 529   { "InitialRAMFraction",           JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 530   { "UseMembar",                    JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(12), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 531   { "CompilationPolicyChoice",      JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::jdk(14), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 532   { "FailOverToOldVerifier",        JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::jdk(14), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 533 
 534   // --- Deprecated alias flags (see also aliased_jvm_flags) - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
 535   { "DefaultMaxRAMFraction",        JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 536   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",        JDK_Version::jdk(9),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 537   { "TLABStats",                    JDK_Version::jdk(12), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 538 
 539   // -------------- Obsolete Flags - sorted by expired_in --------------
 540   { "PermSize",                      JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::undefined() },
 541   { "MaxPermSize",                   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::undefined() },
 542   { "SharedReadWriteSize",           JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 543   { "SharedReadOnlySize",            JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 544   { "SharedMiscDataSize",            JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 545   { "SharedMiscCodeSize",            JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 546   { "ProfilerPrintByteCodeStatistics", JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::jdk(14) },
 547   { "ProfilerRecordPC",              JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::jdk(14) },
 548   { "ProfileVM",                     JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::jdk(14) },
 549   { "ProfileIntervals",              JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::jdk(14) },
 550   { "ProfileIntervalsTicks",         JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::jdk(14) },
 551   { "ProfilerCheckIntervals",        JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::jdk(14) },
 552   { "ProfilerNumberOfInterpretedMethods", JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::jdk(14) },
 553   { "ProfilerNumberOfCompiledMethods", JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::jdk(14) },
 554   { "ProfilerNumberOfStubMethods",   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::jdk(14) },
 555   { "ProfilerNumberOfRuntimeStubNodes", JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::jdk(14) },
 556   { "UseImplicitStableValues",       JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::jdk(14) },
 557 
 558 #ifdef TEST_VERIFY_SPECIAL_JVM_FLAGS
 559   // These entries will generate build errors.  Their purpose is to test the macros.
 560   { "dep > obs",                    JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 561   { "dep > exp ",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 562   { "obs > exp ",                   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 563   { "not deprecated or obsolete",   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 564   { "dup option",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 565   { "dup option",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 566 #endif
 567 
 568   { NULL, JDK_Version(0), JDK_Version(0) }
 569 };
 570 
 571 // Flags that are aliases for other flags.
 572 typedef struct {
 573   const char* alias_name;
 574   const char* real_name;
 575 } AliasedFlag;
 576 
 577 static AliasedFlag const aliased_jvm_flags[] = {
 578   { "DefaultMaxRAMFraction",    "MaxRAMFraction"    },
 579   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",    "CreateCoredumpOnCrash" },
 580   { NULL, NULL}
 581 };
 582 
 583 // NOTE: A compatibility request will be necessary for each alias to be removed.
 584 static AliasedLoggingFlag const aliased_logging_flags[] = {
 585   { "PrintCompressedOopsMode",   LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(gc, heap, coops) },
 586   { "PrintSharedSpaces",         LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(cds) },
 587   { "TraceBiasedLocking",        LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(biasedlocking) },
 588   { "TraceClassLoading",         LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, load) },
 589   { "TraceClassLoadingPreorder", LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(class, preorder) },
 590   { "TraceClassPaths",           LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, path) },
 591   { "TraceClassResolution",      LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(class, resolve) },
 592   { "TraceClassUnloading",       LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, unload) },
 593   { "TraceExceptions",           LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(exceptions) },
 594   { "TraceLoaderConstraints",    LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, loader, constraints) },
 595   { "TraceMonitorInflation",     LogLevel::Trace, true,  LOG_TAGS(monitorinflation) },
 596   { "TraceSafepointCleanupTime", LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(safepoint, cleanup) },
 597   { "TraceJVMTIObjectTagging",   LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(jvmti, objecttagging) },
 598   { "TraceRedefineClasses",      LogLevel::Info,  false, LOG_TAGS(redefine, class) },
 599   { NULL,                        LogLevel::Off,   false, LOG_TAGS(_NO_TAG) }
 600 };
 601 
 602 #ifndef PRODUCT
 603 // These options are removed in jdk9. Remove this code for jdk10.
 604 static AliasedFlag const removed_develop_logging_flags[] = {
 605   { "TraceClassInitialization",   "-Xlog:class+init" },
 606   { "TraceClassLoaderData",       "-Xlog:class+loader+data" },
 607   { "TraceDefaultMethods",        "-Xlog:defaultmethods=debug" },
 608   { "TraceItables",               "-Xlog:itables=debug" },
 609   { "TraceMonitorMismatch",       "-Xlog:monitormismatch=info" },
 610   { "TraceSafepoint",             "-Xlog:safepoint=debug" },
 611   { "TraceStartupTime",           "-Xlog:startuptime" },
 612   { "TraceVMOperation",           "-Xlog:vmoperation=debug" },
 613   { "PrintVtables",               "-Xlog:vtables=debug" },
 614   { "VerboseVerification",        "-Xlog:verification" },
 615   { NULL, NULL }
 616 };
 617 #endif //PRODUCT
 618 
 619 // Return true if "v" is less than "other", where "other" may be "undefined".
 620 static bool version_less_than(JDK_Version v, JDK_Version other) {
 621   assert(!v.is_undefined(), "must be defined");
 622   if (!other.is_undefined() && v.compare(other) >= 0) {
 623     return false;
 624   } else {
 625     return true;
 626   }
 627 }
 628 
 629 extern bool lookup_special_flag_ext(const char *flag_name, SpecialFlag& flag);
 630 
 631 static bool lookup_special_flag(const char *flag_name, SpecialFlag& flag) {
 632   // Allow extensions to have priority
 633   if (lookup_special_flag_ext(flag_name, flag)) {
 634     return true;
 635   }
 636 
 637   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 638     if ((strcmp(special_jvm_flags[i].name, flag_name) == 0)) {
 639       flag = special_jvm_flags[i];
 640       return true;
 641     }
 642   }
 643   return false;
 644 }
 645 
 646 bool Arguments::is_obsolete_flag(const char *flag_name, JDK_Version* version) {
 647   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 648   SpecialFlag flag;
 649   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
 650     if (!flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 651       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in)) {
 652         *version = flag.obsolete_in;
 653         return true;
 654       }
 655     }
 656   }
 657   return false;
 658 }
 659 
 660 int Arguments::is_deprecated_flag(const char *flag_name, JDK_Version* version) {
 661   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 662   SpecialFlag flag;
 663   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
 664     if (!flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined()) {
 665       if (version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in) &&
 666           version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 667         *version = flag.deprecated_in;
 668         return 1;
 669       } else {
 670         return -1;
 671       }
 672     }
 673   }
 674   return 0;
 675 }
 676 
 677 #ifndef PRODUCT
 678 const char* Arguments::removed_develop_logging_flag_name(const char* name){
 679   for (size_t i = 0; removed_develop_logging_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
 680     const AliasedFlag& flag = removed_develop_logging_flags[i];
 681     if (strcmp(flag.alias_name, name) == 0) {
 682       return flag.real_name;
 683     }
 684   }
 685   return NULL;
 686 }
 687 #endif // PRODUCT
 688 
 689 const char* Arguments::real_flag_name(const char *flag_name) {
 690   for (size_t i = 0; aliased_jvm_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
 691     const AliasedFlag& flag_status = aliased_jvm_flags[i];
 692     if (strcmp(flag_status.alias_name, flag_name) == 0) {
 693         return flag_status.real_name;
 694     }
 695   }
 696   return flag_name;
 697 }
 698 
 699 #ifdef ASSERT
 700 static bool lookup_special_flag(const char *flag_name, size_t skip_index) {
 701   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 702     if ((i != skip_index) && (strcmp(special_jvm_flags[i].name, flag_name) == 0)) {
 703       return true;
 704     }
 705   }
 706   return false;
 707 }
 708 
 709 // Verifies the correctness of the entries in the special_jvm_flags table.
 710 // If there is a semantic error (i.e. a bug in the table) such as the obsoletion
 711 // version being earlier than the deprecation version, then a warning is issued
 712 // and verification fails - by returning false. If it is detected that the table
 713 // is out of date, with respect to the current version, then a warning is issued
 714 // but verification does not fail. This allows the VM to operate when the version
 715 // is first updated, without needing to update all the impacted flags at the
 716 // same time.
 717 static bool verify_special_jvm_flags() {
 718   bool success = true;
 719   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 720     const SpecialFlag& flag = special_jvm_flags[i];
 721     if (lookup_special_flag(flag.name, i)) {
 722       warning("Duplicate special flag declaration \"%s\"", flag.name);
 723       success = false;
 724     }
 725     if (flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined() &&
 726         flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 727       warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must declare version deprecated and/or obsoleted in.", flag.name);
 728       success = false;
 729     }
 730 
 731     if (!flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined()) {
 732       if (!version_less_than(flag.deprecated_in, flag.obsolete_in)) {
 733         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be deprecated before obsoleted.", flag.name);
 734         success = false;
 735       }
 736 
 737       if (!version_less_than(flag.deprecated_in, flag.expired_in)) {
 738         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be deprecated before expired.", flag.name);
 739         success = false;
 740       }
 741     }
 742 
 743     if (!flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 744       if (!version_less_than(flag.obsolete_in, flag.expired_in)) {
 745         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be obsoleted before expired.", flag.name);
 746         success = false;
 747       }
 748 
 749       // if flag has become obsolete it should not have a "globals" flag defined anymore.
 750       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in)) {
 751         if (JVMFlag::find_flag(flag.name) != NULL) {
 752           // Temporarily disable the warning: 8196739
 753           // warning("Global variable for obsolete special flag entry \"%s\" should be removed", flag.name);
 754         }
 755       }
 756     }
 757 
 758     if (!flag.expired_in.is_undefined()) {
 759       // if flag has become expired it should not have a "globals" flag defined anymore.
 760       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 761         if (JVMFlag::find_flag(flag.name) != NULL) {
 762           // Temporarily disable the warning: 8196739
 763           // warning("Global variable for expired flag entry \"%s\" should be removed", flag.name);
 764         }
 765       }
 766     }
 767 
 768   }
 769   return success;
 770 }
 771 #endif
 772 
 773 // Parses a size specification string.
 774 bool Arguments::atojulong(const char *s, julong* result) {
 775   julong n = 0;
 776 
 777   // First char must be a digit. Don't allow negative numbers or leading spaces.
 778   if (!isdigit(*s)) {
 779     return false;
 780   }
 781 
 782   bool is_hex = (s[0] == '0' && (s[1] == 'x' || s[1] == 'X'));
 783   char* remainder;
 784   errno = 0;
 785   n = strtoull(s, &remainder, (is_hex ? 16 : 10));
 786   if (errno != 0) {
 787     return false;
 788   }
 789 
 790   // Fail if no number was read at all or if the remainder contains more than a single non-digit character.
 791   if (remainder == s || strlen(remainder) > 1) {
 792     return false;
 793   }
 794 
 795   switch (*remainder) {
 796     case 'T': case 't':
 797       *result = n * G * K;
 798       // Check for overflow.
 799       if (*result/((julong)G * K) != n) return false;
 800       return true;
 801     case 'G': case 'g':
 802       *result = n * G;
 803       if (*result/G != n) return false;
 804       return true;
 805     case 'M': case 'm':
 806       *result = n * M;
 807       if (*result/M != n) return false;
 808       return true;
 809     case 'K': case 'k':
 810       *result = n * K;
 811       if (*result/K != n) return false;
 812       return true;
 813     case '\0':
 814       *result = n;
 815       return true;
 816     default:
 817       return false;
 818   }
 819 }
 820 
 821 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(julong size, julong min_size, julong max_size) {
 822   if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
 823   if (size > max_size) return arg_too_big;
 824   return arg_in_range;
 825 }
 826 
 827 // Describe an argument out of range error
 828 void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
 829   switch(errcode) {
 830   case arg_too_big:
 831     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 832                 "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
 833                 "representable size.\n");
 834     break;
 835   case arg_too_small:
 836   case arg_unreadable:
 837   case arg_in_range:
 838     // do nothing for now
 839     break;
 840   default:
 841     ShouldNotReachHere();
 842   }
 843 }
 844 
 845 static bool set_bool_flag(const char* name, bool value, JVMFlag::Flags origin) {
 846   if (JVMFlag::boolAtPut(name, &value, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
 847     return true;
 848   } else {
 849     return false;
 850   }
 851 }
 852 
 853 static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(const char* name, char* value, JVMFlag::Flags origin) {
 854   char* end;
 855   errno = 0;
 856   double v = strtod(value, &end);
 857   if ((errno != 0) || (*end != 0)) {
 858     return false;
 859   }
 860 
 861   if (JVMFlag::doubleAtPut(name, &v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
 862     return true;
 863   }
 864   return false;
 865 }
 866 
 867 static bool set_numeric_flag(const char* name, char* value, JVMFlag::Flags origin) {
 868   julong v;
 869   int int_v;
 870   intx intx_v;
 871   bool is_neg = false;
 872   JVMFlag* result = JVMFlag::find_flag(name, strlen(name));
 873 
 874   if (result == NULL) {
 875     return false;
 876   }
 877 
 878   // Check the sign first since atojulong() parses only unsigned values.
 879   if (*value == '-') {
 880     if (!result->is_intx() && !result->is_int()) {
 881       return false;
 882     }
 883     value++;
 884     is_neg = true;
 885   }
 886   if (!Arguments::atojulong(value, &v)) {
 887     return false;
 888   }
 889   if (result->is_int()) {
 890     int_v = (int) v;
 891     if (is_neg) {
 892       int_v = -int_v;
 893     }
 894     return JVMFlag::intAtPut(result, &int_v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS;
 895   } else if (result->is_uint()) {
 896     uint uint_v = (uint) v;
 897     return JVMFlag::uintAtPut(result, &uint_v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS;
 898   } else if (result->is_intx()) {
 899     intx_v = (intx) v;
 900     if (is_neg) {
 901       intx_v = -intx_v;
 902     }
 903     return JVMFlag::intxAtPut(result, &intx_v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS;
 904   } else if (result->is_uintx()) {
 905     uintx uintx_v = (uintx) v;
 906     return JVMFlag::uintxAtPut(result, &uintx_v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS;
 907   } else if (result->is_uint64_t()) {
 908     uint64_t uint64_t_v = (uint64_t) v;
 909     return JVMFlag::uint64_tAtPut(result, &uint64_t_v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS;
 910   } else if (result->is_size_t()) {
 911     size_t size_t_v = (size_t) v;
 912     return JVMFlag::size_tAtPut(result, &size_t_v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS;
 913   } else if (result->is_double()) {
 914     double double_v = (double) v;
 915     return JVMFlag::doubleAtPut(result, &double_v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS;
 916   } else {
 917     return false;
 918   }
 919 }
 920 
 921 static bool set_string_flag(const char* name, const char* value, JVMFlag::Flags origin) {
 922   if (JVMFlag::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) return false;
 923   // Contract:  JVMFlag always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 924   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 925   return true;
 926 }
 927 
 928 static bool append_to_string_flag(const char* name, const char* new_value, JVMFlag::Flags origin) {
 929   const char* old_value = "";
 930   if (JVMFlag::ccstrAt(name, &old_value) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) return false;
 931   size_t old_len = old_value != NULL ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
 932   size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
 933   const char* value;
 934   char* free_this_too = NULL;
 935   if (old_len == 0) {
 936     value = new_value;
 937   } else if (new_len == 0) {
 938     value = old_value;
 939   } else {
 940      size_t length = old_len + 1 + new_len + 1;
 941      char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtArguments);
 942     // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
 943     jio_snprintf(buf, length, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
 944     value = buf;
 945     free_this_too = buf;
 946   }
 947   (void) JVMFlag::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 948   // JVMFlag always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 949   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 950   if (free_this_too != NULL) {
 951     // JVMFlag made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
 952     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too);
 953   }
 954   return true;
 955 }
 956 
 957 const char* Arguments::handle_aliases_and_deprecation(const char* arg, bool warn) {
 958   const char* real_name = real_flag_name(arg);
 959   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
 960   switch (is_deprecated_flag(arg, &since)) {
 961     case -1:
 962       return NULL; // obsolete or expired, don't process normally
 963     case 0:
 964       return real_name;
 965     case 1: {
 966       if (warn) {
 967         char version[256];
 968         since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
 969         if (real_name != arg) {
 970           warning("Option %s was deprecated in version %s and will likely be removed in a future release. Use option %s instead.",
 971                   arg, version, real_name);
 972         } else {
 973           warning("Option %s was deprecated in version %s and will likely be removed in a future release.",
 974                   arg, version);
 975         }
 976       }
 977       return real_name;
 978     }
 979   }
 980   ShouldNotReachHere();
 981   return NULL;
 982 }
 983 
 984 void log_deprecated_flag(const char* name, bool on, AliasedLoggingFlag alf) {
 985   LogTagType tagSet[] = {alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5};
 986   // Set tagset string buffer at max size of 256, large enough for any alias tagset
 987   const int max_tagset_size = 256;
 988   int max_tagset_len = max_tagset_size - 1;
 989   char tagset_buffer[max_tagset_size];
 990   tagset_buffer[0] = '\0';
 991 
 992   // Write tag-set for aliased logging option, in string list form
 993   int max_tags = sizeof(tagSet)/sizeof(tagSet[0]);
 994   for (int i = 0; i < max_tags && tagSet[i] != LogTag::__NO_TAG; i++) {
 995     if (i > 0) {
 996       strncat(tagset_buffer, "+", max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 997     }
 998     strncat(tagset_buffer, LogTag::name(tagSet[i]), max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 999   }
1000   if (!alf.exactMatch) {
1001       strncat(tagset_buffer, "*", max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
1002   }
1003   log_warning(arguments)("-XX:%s%s is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:%s=%s instead.",
1004                          (on) ? "+" : "-",
1005                          name,
1006                          tagset_buffer,
1007                          (on) ? LogLevel::name(alf.level) : "off");
1008 }
1009 
1010 AliasedLoggingFlag Arguments::catch_logging_aliases(const char* name, bool on){
1011   for (size_t i = 0; aliased_logging_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
1012     const AliasedLoggingFlag& alf = aliased_logging_flags[i];
1013     if (strcmp(alf.alias_name, name) == 0) {
1014       log_deprecated_flag(name, on, alf);
1015       return alf;
1016     }
1017   }
1018   AliasedLoggingFlag a = {NULL, LogLevel::Off, false, LOG_TAGS(_NO_TAG)};
1019   return a;
1020 }
1021 
1022 bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, JVMFlag::Flags origin) {
1023 
1024   // range of acceptable characters spelled out for portability reasons
1025 #define NAME_RANGE  "[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_]"
1026 #define BUFLEN 255
1027   char name[BUFLEN+1];
1028   char dummy;
1029   const char* real_name;
1030   bool warn_if_deprecated = true;
1031 
1032   if (sscanf(arg, "-%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
1033     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, false);
1034     if (alf.alias_name != NULL){
1035       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Off, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
1036       return true;
1037     }
1038     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1039     if (real_name == NULL) {
1040       return false;
1041     }
1042     return set_bool_flag(real_name, false, origin);
1043   }
1044   if (sscanf(arg, "+%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
1045     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, true);
1046     if (alf.alias_name != NULL){
1047       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(alf.level, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
1048       return true;
1049     }
1050     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1051     if (real_name == NULL) {
1052       return false;
1053     }
1054     return set_bool_flag(real_name, true, origin);
1055   }
1056 
1057   char punct;
1058   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
1059     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
1060     JVMFlag* flag;
1061 
1062     // this scanf pattern matches both strings (handled here) and numbers (handled later))
1063     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, true);
1064     if (alf.alias_name != NULL) {
1065       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(alf.level, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
1066       return true;
1067     }
1068     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1069     if (real_name == NULL) {
1070       return false;
1071     }
1072     flag = JVMFlag::find_flag(real_name);
1073     if (flag != NULL && flag->is_ccstr()) {
1074       if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
1075         return append_to_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
1076       } else {
1077         if (value[0] == '\0') {
1078           value = NULL;
1079         }
1080         return set_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
1081       }
1082     } else {
1083       warn_if_deprecated = false; // if arg is deprecated, we've already done warning...
1084     }
1085   }
1086 
1087   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE ":%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
1088     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
1089     // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
1090     if (value[0] == '\0') {
1091       value = NULL;
1092     }
1093     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1094     if (real_name == NULL) {
1095       return false;
1096     }
1097     return set_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
1098   }
1099 
1100 #define SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "[-0123456789.eE+]"
1101 #define SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE    "[-0123456789]"
1102 #define        NUMBER_RANGE    "[0123456789eE+-]"
1103   char value[BUFLEN + 1];
1104   char value2[BUFLEN + 1];
1105   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE "." "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, value2, &dummy) == 3) {
1106     // Looks like a floating-point number -- try again with more lenient format string
1107     if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
1108       real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1109       if (real_name == NULL) {
1110         return false;
1111       }
1112       return set_fp_numeric_flag(real_name, value, origin);
1113     }
1114   }
1115 
1116 #define VALUE_RANGE "[-kmgtxKMGTX0123456789abcdefABCDEF]"
1117   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) VALUE_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
1118     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1119     if (real_name == NULL) {
1120       return false;
1121     }
1122     return set_numeric_flag(real_name, value, origin);
1123   }
1124 
1125   return false;
1126 }
1127 
1128 void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
1129   assert(bldarray != NULL, "illegal argument");
1130 
1131   if (arg == NULL) {
1132     return;
1133   }
1134 
1135   int new_count = *count + 1;
1136 
1137   // expand the array and add arg to the last element
1138   if (*bldarray == NULL) {
1139     *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, new_count, mtArguments);
1140   } else {
1141     *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, new_count, mtArguments);
1142   }
1143   (*bldarray)[*count] = os::strdup_check_oom(arg);
1144   *count = new_count;
1145 }
1146 
1147 void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
1148   add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
1149 }
1150 
1151 void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
1152   add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
1153 }
1154 
1155 // utility function to return a string that concatenates all
1156 // strings in a given char** array
1157 const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
1158   if (args == NULL || count == 0) {
1159     return NULL;
1160   }
1161   size_t length = 0;
1162   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1163     length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space or NULL terminating character
1164   }
1165   char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
1166   char* dst = s;
1167   for (int j = 0; j < count; j++) {
1168     size_t offset = strlen(args[j]) + 1; // add 1 for a space or NULL terminating character
1169     jio_snprintf(dst, length, "%s ", args[j]); // jio_snprintf will replace the last space character with NULL character
1170     dst += offset;
1171     length -= offset;
1172   }
1173   return (const char*) s;
1174 }
1175 
1176 void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
1177   st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
1178   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
1179     st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
1180     st->cr();
1181   }
1182   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
1183     st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
1184     st->cr();
1185   }
1186   st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
1187   if (_java_class_path != NULL) {
1188     char* path = _java_class_path->value();
1189     st->print_cr("java_class_path (initial): %s", strlen(path) == 0 ? "<not set>" : path );
1190   }
1191   st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
1192 }
1193 
1194 void Arguments::print_summary_on(outputStream* st) {
1195   // Print the command line.  Environment variables that are helpful for
1196   // reproducing the problem are written later in the hs_err file.
1197   // flags are from setting file
1198   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
1199     st->print_raw("Settings File: ");
1200     print_jvm_flags_on(st);
1201     st->cr();
1202   }
1203   // args are the command line and environment variable arguments.
1204   st->print_raw("Command Line: ");
1205   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
1206     print_jvm_args_on(st);
1207   }
1208   // this is the classfile and any arguments to the java program
1209   if (java_command() != NULL) {
1210     st->print("%s", java_command());
1211   }
1212   st->cr();
1213 }
1214 
1215 void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
1216   if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
1217     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
1218       st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
1219     }
1220   }
1221 }
1222 
1223 void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
1224   if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
1225     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
1226       st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
1227     }
1228   }
1229 }
1230 
1231 bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg,
1232                                  jboolean ignore_unrecognized,
1233                                  JVMFlag::Flags origin) {
1234   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
1235 
1236   if (parse_argument(arg, origin)) {
1237     return true;
1238   }
1239 
1240   // Determine if the flag has '+', '-', or '=' characters.
1241   bool has_plus_minus = (*arg == '+' || *arg == '-');
1242   const char* const argname = has_plus_minus ? arg + 1 : arg;
1243 
1244   size_t arg_len;
1245   const char* equal_sign = strchr(argname, '=');
1246   if (equal_sign == NULL) {
1247     arg_len = strlen(argname);
1248   } else {
1249     arg_len = equal_sign - argname;
1250   }
1251 
1252   // Only make the obsolete check for valid arguments.
1253   if (arg_len <= BUFLEN) {
1254     // Construct a string which consists only of the argument name without '+', '-', or '='.
1255     char stripped_argname[BUFLEN+1]; // +1 for '\0'
1256     jio_snprintf(stripped_argname, arg_len+1, "%s", argname); // +1 for '\0'
1257     if (is_obsolete_flag(stripped_argname, &since)) {
1258       char version[256];
1259       since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
1260       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", stripped_argname, version);
1261       return true;
1262     }
1263 #ifndef PRODUCT
1264     else {
1265       const char* replacement;
1266       if ((replacement = removed_develop_logging_flag_name(stripped_argname)) != NULL){
1267         log_warning(arguments)("%s has been removed. Please use %s instead.",
1268                                stripped_argname,
1269                                replacement);
1270         return false;
1271       }
1272     }
1273 #endif //PRODUCT
1274   }
1275 
1276   // For locked flags, report a custom error message if available.
1277   // Otherwise, report the standard unrecognized VM option.
1278   JVMFlag* found_flag = JVMFlag::find_flag((const char*)argname, arg_len, true, true);
1279   if (found_flag != NULL) {
1280     char locked_message_buf[BUFLEN];
1281     JVMFlag::MsgType msg_type = found_flag->get_locked_message(locked_message_buf, BUFLEN);
1282     if (strlen(locked_message_buf) == 0) {
1283       if (found_flag->is_bool() && !has_plus_minus) {
1284         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1285           "Missing +/- setting for VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1286       } else if (!found_flag->is_bool() && has_plus_minus) {
1287         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1288           "Unexpected +/- setting in VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1289       } else {
1290         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1291           "Improperly specified VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1292       }
1293     } else {
1294 #ifdef PRODUCT
1295       bool mismatched = ((msg_type == JVMFlag::NOTPRODUCT_FLAG_BUT_PRODUCT_BUILD) ||
1296                          (msg_type == JVMFlag::DEVELOPER_FLAG_BUT_PRODUCT_BUILD));
1297       if (ignore_unrecognized && mismatched) {
1298         return true;
1299       }
1300 #endif
1301       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s", locked_message_buf);
1302     }
1303   } else {
1304     if (ignore_unrecognized) {
1305       return true;
1306     }
1307     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1308                 "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1309     JVMFlag* fuzzy_matched = JVMFlag::fuzzy_match((const char*)argname, arg_len, true);
1310     if (fuzzy_matched != NULL) {
1311       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1312                   "Did you mean '%s%s%s'? ",
1313                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "(+/-)" : "",
1314                   fuzzy_matched->_name,
1315                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "" : "=<value>");
1316     }
1317   }
1318 
1319   // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
1320   return arg[0] == '#';
1321 }
1322 
1323 bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
1324   FILE* stream = fopen(file_name, "rb");
1325   if (stream == NULL) {
1326     if (should_exist) {
1327       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1328                   "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
1329       return false;
1330     } else {
1331       return true;
1332     }
1333   }
1334 
1335   char token[1024];
1336   int  pos = 0;
1337 
1338   bool in_white_space = true;
1339   bool in_comment     = false;
1340   bool in_quote       = false;
1341   char quote_c        = 0;
1342   bool result         = true;
1343 
1344   int c = getc(stream);
1345   while(c != EOF && pos < (int)(sizeof(token)-1)) {
1346     if (in_white_space) {
1347       if (in_comment) {
1348         if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
1349       } else {
1350         if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
1351         else if (!isspace(c)) {
1352           in_white_space = false;
1353           token[pos++] = c;
1354         }
1355       }
1356     } else {
1357       if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace(c))) {
1358         // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
1359         // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
1360         token[pos] = '\0';
1361         logOption(token);
1362         result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, JVMFlag::CONFIG_FILE);
1363         build_jvm_flags(token);
1364         pos = 0;
1365         in_white_space = true;
1366         in_quote = false;
1367       } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
1368         in_quote = true;
1369         quote_c = c;
1370       } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
1371         in_quote = false;
1372       } else {
1373         token[pos++] = c;
1374       }
1375     }
1376     c = getc(stream);
1377   }
1378   if (pos > 0) {
1379     token[pos] = '\0';
1380     result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, JVMFlag::CONFIG_FILE);
1381     build_jvm_flags(token);
1382   }
1383   fclose(stream);
1384   return result;
1385 }
1386 
1387 //=============================================================================================================
1388 // Parsing of properties (-D)
1389 
1390 const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
1391   return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
1392 }
1393 
1394 bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop, PropertyWriteable writeable, PropertyInternal internal) {
1395   const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
1396   const char* key;
1397   const char* value = "";
1398 
1399   if (eq == NULL) {
1400     // property doesn't have a value, thus use passed string
1401     key = prop;
1402   } else {
1403     // property have a value, thus extract it and save to the
1404     // allocated string
1405     size_t key_len = eq - prop;
1406     char* tmp_key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, mtArguments);
1407 
1408     jio_snprintf(tmp_key, key_len + 1, "%s", prop);
1409     key = tmp_key;
1410 
1411     value = &prop[key_len + 1];
1412   }
1413 
1414   if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
1415     process_java_compiler_argument(value);
1416     // Record value in Arguments, but let it get passed to Java.
1417   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm") == 0 ||
1418              strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.pid") == 0) {
1419     // sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm and sun.java.launcher.pid property are
1420     // private and are processed in process_sun_java_launcher_properties();
1421     // the sun.java.launcher property is passed on to the java application
1422   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.boot.library.path") == 0) {
1423     // append is true, writable is true, internal is false
1424     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, AppendProperty,
1425                             WriteableProperty, ExternalProperty);
1426   } else {
1427     if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
1428       char *old_java_command = _java_command;
1429       _java_command = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtArguments);
1430       if (old_java_command != NULL) {
1431         os::free(old_java_command);
1432       }
1433     } else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
1434       const char* old_java_vendor_url_bug = _java_vendor_url_bug;
1435       // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
1436       // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
1437       _java_vendor_url_bug = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtArguments);
1438       if (old_java_vendor_url_bug != DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG) {
1439         assert(old_java_vendor_url_bug != NULL, "_java_vendor_url_bug is NULL");
1440         os::free((void *)old_java_vendor_url_bug);
1441       }
1442     }
1443 
1444     // Create new property and add at the end of the list
1445     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, AddProperty, writeable, internal);
1446   }
1447 
1448   if (key != prop) {
1449     // SystemProperty copy passed value, thus free previously allocated
1450     // memory
1451     FreeHeap((void *)key);
1452   }
1453 
1454   return true;
1455 }
1456 
1457 #if INCLUDE_CDS
1458 const char* unsupported_properties[] = { "jdk.module.limitmods",
1459                                          "jdk.module.upgrade.path",
1460                                          "jdk.module.patch.0" };
1461 const char* unsupported_options[] = { "--limit-modules",
1462                                       "--upgrade-module-path",
1463                                       "--patch-module"
1464                                     };
1465 void Arguments::check_unsupported_dumping_properties() {
1466   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "this function is only used with -Xshare:dump");
1467   assert(ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_properties) == ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_options), "must be");
1468   // If a vm option is found in the unsupported_options array, vm will exit with an error message.
1469   SystemProperty* sp = system_properties();
1470   while (sp != NULL) {
1471     for (uint i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_properties); i++) {
1472       if (strcmp(sp->key(), unsupported_properties[i]) == 0) {
1473         vm_exit_during_initialization(
1474           "Cannot use the following option when dumping the shared archive", unsupported_options[i]);
1475       }
1476     }
1477     sp = sp->next();
1478   }
1479 
1480   // Check for an exploded module build in use with -Xshare:dump.
1481   if (!has_jimage()) {
1482     vm_exit_during_initialization("Dumping the shared archive is not supported with an exploded module build");
1483   }
1484 }
1485 
1486 bool Arguments::check_unsupported_cds_runtime_properties() {
1487   assert(UseSharedSpaces, "this function is only used with -Xshare:{on,auto}");
1488   assert(ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_properties) == ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_options), "must be");
1489   for (uint i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_properties); i++) {
1490     if (get_property(unsupported_properties[i]) != NULL) {
1491       if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1492         warning("CDS is disabled when the %s option is specified.", unsupported_options[i]);
1493       }
1494       return true;
1495     }
1496   }
1497   return false;
1498 }
1499 #endif
1500 
1501 //===========================================================================================================
1502 // Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
1503 
1504 void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
1505   // Set up default values for all flags.
1506   // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
1507   // add a default value for it here.
1508   set_java_compiler(false);
1509   _mode                      = mode;
1510 
1511   // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
1512   // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
1513   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
1514                           VM_Version::vm_info_string(), AddProperty, UnwriteableProperty, ExternalProperty);
1515 
1516   UseInterpreter             = true;
1517   UseCompiler                = true;
1518   UseLoopCounter             = true;
1519 
1520   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
1521   // use the saved values
1522   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
1523   AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1524   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
1525   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
1526   if (TieredCompilation) {
1527     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog)) {
1528       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
1529     }
1530     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(Tier4InvocationThreshold)) {
1531       Tier4InvocationThreshold = Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold;
1532     }
1533   }
1534 
1535   // Change from defaults based on mode
1536   switch (mode) {
1537   default:
1538     ShouldNotReachHere();
1539     break;
1540   case _int:
1541     UseCompiler              = false;
1542     UseLoopCounter           = false;
1543     AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
1544     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
1545     break;
1546   case _mixed:
1547     // same as default
1548     break;
1549   case _comp:
1550     UseInterpreter           = false;
1551     BackgroundCompilation    = false;
1552     ClipInlining             = false;
1553     // Be much more aggressive in tiered mode with -Xcomp and exercise C2 more.
1554     // We will first compile a level 3 version (C1 with full profiling), then do one invocation of it and
1555     // compile a level 4 (C2) and then continue executing it.
1556     if (TieredCompilation) {
1557       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1558       Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1559     }
1560     break;
1561   }
1562 }
1563 
1564 // Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
1565 // incompatible command line options were chosen.
1566 static void no_shared_spaces(const char* message) {
1567   if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1568     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1569       "Class data sharing is inconsistent with other specified options.\n");
1570     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive", message);
1571   } else {
1572     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
1573   }
1574 }
1575 
1576 void set_object_alignment() {
1577   // Object alignment.
1578   assert(is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes), "ObjectAlignmentInBytes must be power of 2");
1579   MinObjAlignmentInBytes     = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1580   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes >= HeapWordsPerLong * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is too small");
1581   MinObjAlignment            = MinObjAlignmentInBytes / HeapWordSize;
1582   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes == MinObjAlignment * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is incorrect");
1583   MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask = MinObjAlignmentInBytes - 1;
1584 
1585   LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes  = exact_log2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1586   LogMinObjAlignment         = LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes - LogHeapWordSize;
1587 
1588   // Oop encoding heap max
1589   OopEncodingHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1) << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1590 
1591   if (SurvivorAlignmentInBytes == 0) {
1592     SurvivorAlignmentInBytes = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1593   }
1594 }
1595 
1596 size_t Arguments::max_heap_for_compressed_oops() {
1597   // Avoid sign flip.
1598   assert(OopEncodingHeapMax > (uint64_t)os::vm_page_size(), "Unusual page size");
1599   // We need to fit both the NULL page and the heap into the memory budget, while
1600   // keeping alignment constraints of the heap. To guarantee the latter, as the
1601   // NULL page is located before the heap, we pad the NULL page to the conservative
1602   // maximum alignment that the GC may ever impose upon the heap.
1603   size_t displacement_due_to_null_page = align_up((size_t)os::vm_page_size(),
1604                                                   _conservative_max_heap_alignment);
1605 
1606   LP64_ONLY(return OopEncodingHeapMax - displacement_due_to_null_page);
1607   NOT_LP64(ShouldNotReachHere(); return 0);
1608 }
1609 
1610 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_oops() {
1611 #ifndef ZERO
1612 #ifdef _LP64
1613   // MaxHeapSize is not set up properly at this point, but
1614   // the only value that can override MaxHeapSize if we are
1615   // to use UseCompressedOops is InitialHeapSize.
1616   size_t max_heap_size = MAX2(MaxHeapSize, InitialHeapSize);
1617 
1618   if (max_heap_size <= max_heap_for_compressed_oops()) {
1619 #if !defined(COMPILER1) || defined(TIERED)
1620     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1621       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedOops, true);
1622     }
1623 #endif
1624   } else {
1625     if (UseCompressedOops && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1626       warning("Max heap size too large for Compressed Oops");
1627       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false);
1628       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1629     }
1630   }
1631 #endif // _LP64
1632 #endif // ZERO
1633 }
1634 
1635 
1636 // NOTE: set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1637 // set_use_compressed_oops().
1638 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() {
1639 #ifndef ZERO
1640 #ifdef _LP64
1641   // UseCompressedOops must be on for UseCompressedClassPointers to be on.
1642   if (!UseCompressedOops) {
1643     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1644       warning("UseCompressedClassPointers requires UseCompressedOops");
1645     }
1646     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1647   } else {
1648     // Turn on UseCompressedClassPointers too
1649     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers)) {
1650       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedClassPointers, true);
1651     }
1652     // Check the CompressedClassSpaceSize to make sure we use compressed klass ptrs.
1653     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1654       if (CompressedClassSpaceSize > KlassEncodingMetaspaceMax) {
1655         warning("CompressedClassSpaceSize is too large for UseCompressedClassPointers");
1656         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1657       }
1658     }
1659   }
1660 #endif // _LP64
1661 #endif // !ZERO
1662 }
1663 
1664 void Arguments::set_conservative_max_heap_alignment() {
1665   // The conservative maximum required alignment for the heap is the maximum of
1666   // the alignments imposed by several sources: any requirements from the heap
1667   // itself, the collector policy and the maximum page size we may run the VM
1668   // with.
1669   size_t heap_alignment = GCConfig::arguments()->conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1670   _conservative_max_heap_alignment = MAX4(heap_alignment,
1671                                           (size_t)os::vm_allocation_granularity(),
1672                                           os::max_page_size(),
1673                                           CollectorPolicy::compute_heap_alignment());
1674 }
1675 
1676 jint Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
1677   GCConfig::initialize();
1678 
1679   set_conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1680 
1681 #ifndef ZERO
1682 #ifdef _LP64
1683   set_use_compressed_oops();
1684 
1685   // set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1686   // set_use_compressed_oops().
1687   set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs();
1688 
1689   // Also checks that certain machines are slower with compressed oops
1690   // in vm_version initialization code.
1691 #endif // _LP64
1692 #endif // !ZERO
1693 
1694   return JNI_OK;
1695 }
1696 
1697 julong Arguments::limit_by_allocatable_memory(julong limit) {
1698   julong max_allocatable;
1699   julong result = limit;
1700   if (os::has_allocatable_memory_limit(&max_allocatable)) {
1701     result = MIN2(result, max_allocatable / MaxVirtMemFraction);
1702   }
1703   return result;
1704 }
1705 
1706 // Use static initialization to get the default before parsing
1707 static const size_t DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress = HeapBaseMinAddress;
1708 
1709 void Arguments::set_heap_size() {
1710   julong phys_mem =
1711     FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM) ? MIN2(os::physical_memory(), (julong)MaxRAM)
1712                             : (julong)MaxRAM;
1713 
1714   // Convert deprecated flags
1715   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAMPercentage) &&
1716       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAMFraction))
1717     MaxRAMPercentage = 100.0 / MaxRAMFraction;
1718 
1719   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinRAMPercentage) &&
1720       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinRAMFraction))
1721     MinRAMPercentage = 100.0 / MinRAMFraction;
1722 
1723   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialRAMPercentage) &&
1724       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialRAMFraction))
1725     InitialRAMPercentage = 100.0 / InitialRAMFraction;
1726 
1727   // If the maximum heap size has not been set with -Xmx,
1728   // then set it as fraction of the size of physical memory,
1729   // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1730   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1731     julong reasonable_max = (julong)((phys_mem * MaxRAMPercentage) / 100);
1732     const julong reasonable_min = (julong)((phys_mem * MinRAMPercentage) / 100);
1733     if (reasonable_min < MaxHeapSize) {
1734       // Small physical memory, so use a minimum fraction of it for the heap
1735       reasonable_max = reasonable_min;
1736     } else {
1737       // Not-small physical memory, so require a heap at least
1738       // as large as MaxHeapSize
1739       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1740     }
1741 
1742     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ErgoHeapSizeLimit) && ErgoHeapSizeLimit != 0) {
1743       // Limit the heap size to ErgoHeapSizeLimit
1744       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, (julong)ErgoHeapSizeLimit);
1745     }
1746     if (UseCompressedOops) {
1747       // Limit the heap size to the maximum possible when using compressed oops
1748       julong max_coop_heap = (julong)max_heap_for_compressed_oops();
1749 
1750       // HeapBaseMinAddress can be greater than default but not less than.
1751       if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(HeapBaseMinAddress)) {
1752         if (HeapBaseMinAddress < DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress) {
1753           // matches compressed oops printing flags
1754           log_debug(gc, heap, coops)("HeapBaseMinAddress must be at least " SIZE_FORMAT
1755                                      " (" SIZE_FORMAT "G) which is greater than value given " SIZE_FORMAT,
1756                                      DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress,
1757                                      DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress/G,
1758                                      HeapBaseMinAddress);
1759           FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, HeapBaseMinAddress, DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress);
1760         }
1761       }
1762 
1763       if (HeapBaseMinAddress + MaxHeapSize < max_coop_heap) {
1764         // Heap should be above HeapBaseMinAddress to get zero based compressed oops
1765         // but it should be not less than default MaxHeapSize.
1766         max_coop_heap -= HeapBaseMinAddress;
1767       }
1768       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, max_coop_heap);
1769     }
1770     reasonable_max = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_max);
1771 
1772     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialHeapSize)) {
1773       // An initial heap size was specified on the command line,
1774       // so be sure that the maximum size is consistent.  Done
1775       // after call to limit_by_allocatable_memory because that
1776       // method might reduce the allocation size.
1777       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)InitialHeapSize);
1778     }
1779 
1780     log_trace(gc, heap)("  Maximum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t) reasonable_max);
1781     FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, MaxHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_max);
1782   }
1783 
1784   // If the minimum or initial heap_size have not been set or requested to be set
1785   // ergonomically, set them accordingly.
1786   if (InitialHeapSize == 0 || min_heap_size() == 0) {
1787     julong reasonable_minimum = (julong)(OldSize + NewSize);
1788 
1789     reasonable_minimum = MIN2(reasonable_minimum, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1790 
1791     reasonable_minimum = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_minimum);
1792 
1793     if (InitialHeapSize == 0) {
1794       julong reasonable_initial = (julong)((phys_mem * InitialRAMPercentage) / 100);
1795 
1796       reasonable_initial = MAX3(reasonable_initial, reasonable_minimum, (julong)min_heap_size());
1797       reasonable_initial = MIN2(reasonable_initial, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1798 
1799       reasonable_initial = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_initial);
1800 
1801       log_trace(gc, heap)("  Initial heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
1802       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, InitialHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
1803     }
1804     // If the minimum heap size has not been set (via -Xms),
1805     // synchronize with InitialHeapSize to avoid errors with the default value.
1806     if (min_heap_size() == 0) {
1807       set_min_heap_size(MIN2((size_t)reasonable_minimum, InitialHeapSize));
1808       log_trace(gc, heap)("  Minimum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, min_heap_size());
1809     }
1810   }
1811 }
1812 
1813 // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
1814 // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
1815 // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
1816 // amounts of cpu and memory.
1817 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_heap_flags() {
1818   // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
1819   // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
1820   // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
1821   // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
1822   // calculations.
1823   julong initHeapSize;
1824   julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
1825 
1826   if (total_memory < (julong) 256 * M) {
1827     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1828             "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
1829     vm_exit(1);
1830   }
1831 
1832   // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
1833   // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
1834   // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
1835   // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
1836 
1837   initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong) 2,
1838           total_memory - (julong) 160 * M);
1839 
1840   initHeapSize = limit_by_allocatable_memory(initHeapSize);
1841 
1842   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1843     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1844       return JNI_EINVAL;
1845     }
1846     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, InitialHeapSize, initHeapSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1847       return JNI_EINVAL;
1848     }
1849     // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
1850     set_min_heap_size(initHeapSize);
1851   }
1852   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
1853     // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
1854     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSize,
1855             ((julong) MaxHeapSize / (julong) 8) * (julong) 3) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1856       return JNI_EINVAL;
1857     }
1858     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxNewSize, NewSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1859       return JNI_EINVAL;
1860     }
1861   }
1862 
1863 #if !defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) && !defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
1864   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
1865 #endif
1866 
1867   // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
1868   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, BaseFootPrintEstimate, MaxHeapSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1869     return JNI_EINVAL;
1870   }
1871   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1872     return JNI_EINVAL;
1873   }
1874   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, TLABSize, 256 * K) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1875     return JNI_EINVAL;
1876   }
1877 
1878   // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
1879   // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
1880   // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
1881   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, YoungPLABSize, 256 * K) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) { // Note: this is in words
1882     return JNI_EINVAL;
1883   }
1884 
1885   // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
1886   // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
1887   // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
1888   // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
1889   // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
1890   // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
1891   // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
1892   // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
1893   // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
1894   // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
1895   // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
1896   // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
1897   // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
1898   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, OldPLABSize, 8 * K) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) { // Note: this is in words
1899     return JNI_EINVAL;
1900   }
1901 
1902   // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
1903   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseParallelGC, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1904     return JNI_EINVAL;
1905   }
1906 
1907   // Encourage steady state memory management
1908   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ThresholdTolerance, 100) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1909     return JNI_EINVAL;
1910   }
1911 
1912   // This appears to improve mutator locality
1913   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1914     return JNI_EINVAL;
1915   }
1916 
1917   // Get around early Solaris scheduling bug
1918   // (affinity vs other jobs on system)
1919   // but disallow DR and offlining (5008695).
1920   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BindGCTaskThreadsToCPUs, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1921     return JNI_EINVAL;
1922   }
1923 
1924   return JNI_OK;
1925 }
1926 
1927 // This must be called after ergonomics.
1928 void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
1929   if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
1930     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1931   }
1932 }
1933 
1934 // Aggressive optimization flags
1935 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
1936 #ifdef COMPILER2
1937   if (AggressiveUnboxing) {
1938     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1939       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1940     } else if (!EliminateAutoBox) {
1941       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because EliminateAutoBox is disabled");
1942       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1943     }
1944     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis)) {
1945       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis, true);
1946     } else if (!DoEscapeAnalysis) {
1947       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because DoEscapeAnalysis is disabled");
1948       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1949     }
1950   }
1951   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1952     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1953       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1954     }
1955     // Feed the cache size setting into the JDK
1956     char buffer[1024];
1957     jio_snprintf(buffer, 1024, "java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high=" INTX_FORMAT, AutoBoxCacheMax);
1958     if (!add_property(buffer)) {
1959       return JNI_ENOMEM;
1960     }
1961   }
1962 #endif
1963 
1964   return JNI_OK;
1965 }
1966 
1967 //===========================================================================================================
1968 // Parsing of java.compiler property
1969 
1970 void Arguments::process_java_compiler_argument(const char* arg) {
1971   // For backwards compatibility, Djava.compiler=NONE or ""
1972   // causes us to switch to -Xint mode UNLESS -Xdebug
1973   // is also specified.
1974   if (strlen(arg) == 0 || strcasecmp(arg, "NONE") == 0) {
1975     set_java_compiler(true);    // "-Djava.compiler[=...]" most recently seen.
1976   }
1977 }
1978 
1979 void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
1980   _sun_java_launcher = os::strdup_check_oom(launcher);
1981 }
1982 
1983 bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
1984   assert(_sun_java_launcher != NULL, "property must have value");
1985   return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
1986 }
1987 
1988 bool Arguments::sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm() {
1989   return _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm;
1990 }
1991 
1992 //===========================================================================================================
1993 // Parsing of main arguments
1994 
1995 unsigned int addreads_count = 0;
1996 unsigned int addexports_count = 0;
1997 unsigned int addopens_count = 0;
1998 unsigned int addmods_count = 0;
1999 unsigned int patch_mod_count = 0;
2000 
2001 // Check the consistency of vm_init_args
2002 bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
2003   // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
2004   // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
2005   // before returning an error.
2006   // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
2007   bool status = true;
2008 
2009   if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
2010     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2011                 "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
2012                 "not " SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
2013                 TLABRefillWasteFraction);
2014     status = false;
2015   }
2016 
2017   if (PrintNMTStatistics) {
2018 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2019     if (MemTracker::tracking_level() == NMT_off) {
2020 #endif // INCLUDE_NMT
2021       warning("PrintNMTStatistics is disabled, because native memory tracking is not enabled");
2022       PrintNMTStatistics = false;
2023 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2024     }
2025 #endif
2026   }
2027 
2028   status = CompilerConfig::check_args_consistency(status);
2029 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
2030   if (status && EnableJVMCI) {
2031     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "jdk.internal.vm.ci.enabled", "true",
2032         AddProperty, UnwriteableProperty, InternalProperty);
2033     if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", "jdk.internal.vm.ci", addmods_count++)) {
2034       return false;
2035     }
2036   }
2037 #endif
2038 
2039 #ifndef SUPPORT_RESERVED_STACK_AREA
2040   if (StackReservedPages != 0) {
2041     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, StackReservedPages, 0);
2042     warning("Reserved Stack Area not supported on this platform");
2043   }
2044 #endif
2045 
2046   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AllocateHeapAt)) {
2047     if ((UseNUMAInterleaving && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving)) || (UseNUMA && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMA))) {
2048       log_warning(arguments) ("NUMA support for Heap depends on the file system when AllocateHeapAt option is used.\n");
2049     }
2050   }
2051 
2052   status = status && GCArguments::check_args_consistency();
2053 
2054   return status;
2055 }
2056 
2057 bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
2058   const char* option_type) {
2059   if (ignore) return false;
2060 
2061   const char* spacer = " ";
2062   if (option_type == NULL) {
2063     option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
2064   }
2065 
2066   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2067               "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2068               option->optionString);
2069   return true;
2070 }
2071 
2072 static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
2073   "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", 0
2074 };
2075 
2076 static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
2077   "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", 0
2078 };
2079 
2080 bool Arguments::parse_uintx(const char* value,
2081                             uintx* uintx_arg,
2082                             uintx min_size) {
2083 
2084   // Check the sign first since atojulong() parses only unsigned values.
2085   bool value_is_positive = !(*value == '-');
2086 
2087   if (value_is_positive) {
2088     julong n;
2089     bool good_return = atojulong(value, &n);
2090     if (good_return) {
2091       bool above_minimum = n >= min_size;
2092       bool value_is_too_large = n > max_uintx;
2093 
2094       if (above_minimum && !value_is_too_large) {
2095         *uintx_arg = n;
2096         return true;
2097       }
2098     }
2099   }
2100   return false;
2101 }
2102 
2103 bool Arguments::create_property(const char* prop_name, const char* prop_value, PropertyInternal internal) {
2104   size_t prop_len = strlen(prop_name) + strlen(prop_value) + 2;
2105   char* property = AllocateHeap(prop_len, mtArguments);
2106   int ret = jio_snprintf(property, prop_len, "%s=%s", prop_name, prop_value);
2107   if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)prop_len) {
2108     FreeHeap(property);
2109     return false;
2110   }
2111   bool added = add_property(property, UnwriteableProperty, internal);
2112   FreeHeap(property);
2113   return added;
2114 }
2115 
2116 bool Arguments::create_numbered_property(const char* prop_base_name, const char* prop_value, unsigned int count) {
2117   const unsigned int props_count_limit = 1000;
2118   const int max_digits = 3;
2119   const int extra_symbols_count = 3; // includes '.', '=', '\0'
2120 
2121   // Make sure count is < props_count_limit. Otherwise, memory allocation will be too small.
2122   if (count < props_count_limit) {
2123     size_t prop_len = strlen(prop_base_name) + strlen(prop_value) + max_digits + extra_symbols_count;
2124     char* property = AllocateHeap(prop_len, mtArguments);
2125     int ret = jio_snprintf(property, prop_len, "%s.%d=%s", prop_base_name, count, prop_value);
2126     if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)prop_len) {
2127       FreeHeap(property);
2128       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "Failed to create property %s.%d=%s\n", prop_base_name, count, prop_value);
2129       return false;
2130     }
2131     bool added = add_property(property, UnwriteableProperty, InternalProperty);
2132     FreeHeap(property);
2133     return added;
2134   }
2135 
2136   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "Property count limit exceeded: %s, limit=%d\n", prop_base_name, props_count_limit);
2137   return false;
2138 }
2139 
2140 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
2141                                                   julong* long_arg,
2142                                                   julong min_size,
2143                                                   julong max_size) {
2144   if (!atojulong(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
2145   return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size, max_size);
2146 }
2147 
2148 // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
2149 
2150 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs *java_tool_options_args,
2151                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *java_options_args,
2152                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *cmd_line_args) {
2153   bool patch_mod_javabase = false;
2154 
2155   // Save default settings for some mode flags
2156   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
2157   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
2158   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
2159   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
2160   if (TieredCompilation) {
2161     Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
2162     Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold = Tier4InvocationThreshold;
2163   }
2164 
2165   // Setup flags for mixed which is the default
2166   set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2167 
2168   // Parse args structure generated from JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment
2169   // variable (if present).
2170   jint result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(java_tool_options_args, &patch_mod_javabase, JVMFlag::ENVIRON_VAR);
2171   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2172     return result;
2173   }
2174 
2175   // Parse args structure generated from the command line flags.
2176   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(cmd_line_args, &patch_mod_javabase, JVMFlag::COMMAND_LINE);
2177   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2178     return result;
2179   }
2180 
2181   // Parse args structure generated from the _JAVA_OPTIONS environment
2182   // variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
2183   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(java_options_args, &patch_mod_javabase, JVMFlag::ENVIRON_VAR);
2184   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2185     return result;
2186   }
2187 
2188   // We need to ensure processor and memory resources have been properly
2189   // configured - which may rely on arguments we just processed - before
2190   // doing the final argument processing. Any argument processing that
2191   // needs to know about processor and memory resources must occur after
2192   // this point.
2193 
2194   os::init_container_support();
2195 
2196   // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
2197   result = finalize_vm_init_args(patch_mod_javabase);
2198   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2199     return result;
2200   }
2201 
2202   return JNI_OK;
2203 }
2204 
2205 // Checks if name in command-line argument -agent{lib,path}:name[=options]
2206 // represents a valid JDWP agent.  is_path==true denotes that we
2207 // are dealing with -agentpath (case where name is a path), otherwise with
2208 // -agentlib
2209 bool valid_jdwp_agent(char *name, bool is_path) {
2210   char *_name;
2211   const char *_jdwp = "jdwp";
2212   size_t _len_jdwp, _len_prefix;
2213 
2214   if (is_path) {
2215     if ((_name = strrchr(name, (int) *os::file_separator())) == NULL) {
2216       return false;
2217     }
2218 
2219     _name++;  // skip past last path separator
2220     _len_prefix = strlen(JNI_LIB_PREFIX);
2221 
2222     if (strncmp(_name, JNI_LIB_PREFIX, _len_prefix) != 0) {
2223       return false;
2224     }
2225 
2226     _name += _len_prefix;
2227     _len_jdwp = strlen(_jdwp);
2228 
2229     if (strncmp(_name, _jdwp, _len_jdwp) == 0) {
2230       _name += _len_jdwp;
2231     }
2232     else {
2233       return false;
2234     }
2235 
2236     if (strcmp(_name, JNI_LIB_SUFFIX) != 0) {
2237       return false;
2238     }
2239 
2240     return true;
2241   }
2242 
2243   if (strcmp(name, _jdwp) == 0) {
2244     return true;
2245   }
2246 
2247   return false;
2248 }
2249 
2250 int Arguments::process_patch_mod_option(const char* patch_mod_tail, bool* patch_mod_javabase) {
2251   // --patch-module=<module>=<file>(<pathsep><file>)*
2252   assert(patch_mod_tail != NULL, "Unexpected NULL patch-module value");
2253   // Find the equal sign between the module name and the path specification
2254   const char* module_equal = strchr(patch_mod_tail, '=');
2255   if (module_equal == NULL) {
2256     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "Missing '=' in --patch-module specification\n");
2257     return JNI_ERR;
2258   } else {
2259     // Pick out the module name
2260     size_t module_len = module_equal - patch_mod_tail;
2261     char* module_name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, module_len+1, mtArguments);
2262     if (module_name != NULL) {
2263       memcpy(module_name, patch_mod_tail, module_len);
2264       *(module_name + module_len) = '\0';
2265       // The path piece begins one past the module_equal sign
2266       add_patch_mod_prefix(module_name, module_equal + 1, patch_mod_javabase);
2267       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, module_name);
2268       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.patch", patch_mod_tail, patch_mod_count++)) {
2269         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2270       }
2271     } else {
2272       return JNI_ENOMEM;
2273     }
2274   }
2275   return JNI_OK;
2276 }
2277 
2278 // Parse -Xss memory string parameter and convert to ThreadStackSize in K.
2279 jint Arguments::parse_xss(const JavaVMOption* option, const char* tail, intx* out_ThreadStackSize) {
2280   // The min and max sizes match the values in globals.hpp, but scaled
2281   // with K. The values have been chosen so that alignment with page
2282   // size doesn't change the max value, which makes the conversions
2283   // back and forth between Xss value and ThreadStackSize value easier.
2284   // The values have also been chosen to fit inside a 32-bit signed type.
2285   const julong min_ThreadStackSize = 0;
2286   const julong max_ThreadStackSize = 1 * M;
2287 
2288   const julong min_size = min_ThreadStackSize * K;
2289   const julong max_size = max_ThreadStackSize * K;
2290 
2291   assert(is_aligned(max_size, os::vm_page_size()), "Implementation assumption");
2292 
2293   julong size = 0;
2294   ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &size, min_size, max_size);
2295   if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2296     bool silent = (option == NULL); // Allow testing to silence error messages
2297     if (!silent) {
2298       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2299                   "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2300       describe_range_error(errcode);
2301     }
2302     return JNI_EINVAL;
2303   }
2304 
2305   // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
2306   const julong size_aligned = align_up(size, K);
2307   assert(size <= size_aligned,
2308          "Overflow: " JULONG_FORMAT " " JULONG_FORMAT,
2309          size, size_aligned);
2310 
2311   const julong size_in_K = size_aligned / K;
2312   assert(size_in_K < (julong)max_intx,
2313          "size_in_K doesn't fit in the type of ThreadStackSize: " JULONG_FORMAT,
2314          size_in_K);
2315 
2316   // Check that code expanding ThreadStackSize to a page aligned number of bytes won't overflow.
2317   const julong max_expanded = align_up(size_in_K * K, os::vm_page_size());
2318   assert(max_expanded < max_uintx && max_expanded >= size_in_K,
2319          "Expansion overflowed: " JULONG_FORMAT " " JULONG_FORMAT,
2320          max_expanded, size_in_K);
2321 
2322   *out_ThreadStackSize = (intx)size_in_K;
2323 
2324   return JNI_OK;
2325 }
2326 
2327 jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args, bool* patch_mod_javabase, JVMFlag::Flags origin) {
2328   // For match_option to return remaining or value part of option string
2329   const char* tail;
2330 
2331   // iterate over arguments
2332   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2333     bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
2334 
2335     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
2336 
2337     if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
2338         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
2339         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
2340 
2341         // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
2342         // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
2343         // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
2344         // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
2345         // string constant object.
2346         build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
2347     }
2348 
2349     // -verbose:[class/module/gc/jni]
2350     if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
2351       if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
2352         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, load));
2353         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, unload));
2354       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":module")) {
2355         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(module, load));
2356         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(module, unload));
2357       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
2358         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(gc));
2359       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2360         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintJNIResolving, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2361           return JNI_EINVAL;
2362         }
2363       }
2364     // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
2365     // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
2366     // -da:java.lang.Thread.
2367     } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
2368       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2369       if (*tail == '\0') {
2370         JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
2371       } else {
2372         assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
2373         JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
2374       }
2375     // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
2376     } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
2377       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2378       JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
2379     // -bootclasspath:
2380     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
2381         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2382           "-Xbootclasspath is no longer a supported option.\n");
2383         return JNI_EINVAL;
2384     // -bootclasspath/a:
2385     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
2386       Arguments::append_sysclasspath(tail);
2387     // -bootclasspath/p:
2388     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
2389         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2390           "-Xbootclasspath/p is no longer a supported option.\n");
2391         return JNI_EINVAL;
2392     // -Xrun
2393     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
2394       if (tail != NULL) {
2395         const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
2396         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2397         char* name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtArguments);
2398         jio_snprintf(name, len + 1, "%s", tail);
2399 
2400         char *options = NULL;
2401         if(pos != NULL) {
2402           size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
2403           options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2, mtArguments), pos+1, len2);
2404         }
2405 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2406         if (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0) {
2407           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2408             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2409           return JNI_ERR;
2410         }
2411 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2412         add_init_library(name, options);
2413       }
2414     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-reads=", &tail)) {
2415       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addreads", tail, addreads_count++)) {
2416         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2417       }
2418     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-exports=", &tail)) {
2419       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addexports", tail, addexports_count++)) {
2420         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2421       }
2422     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-opens=", &tail)) {
2423       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addopens", tail, addopens_count++)) {
2424         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2425       }
2426     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-modules=", &tail)) {
2427       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", tail, addmods_count++)) {
2428         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2429       }
2430     } else if (match_option(option, "--limit-modules=", &tail)) {
2431       if (!create_property("jdk.module.limitmods", tail, InternalProperty)) {
2432         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2433       }
2434     } else if (match_option(option, "--module-path=", &tail)) {
2435       if (!create_property("jdk.module.path", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2436         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2437       }
2438     } else if (match_option(option, "--upgrade-module-path=", &tail)) {
2439       if (!create_property("jdk.module.upgrade.path", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2440         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2441       }
2442     } else if (match_option(option, "--patch-module=", &tail)) {
2443       // --patch-module=<module>=<file>(<pathsep><file>)*
2444       int res = process_patch_mod_option(tail, patch_mod_javabase);
2445       if (res != JNI_OK) {
2446         return res;
2447       }
2448     } else if (match_option(option, "--illegal-access=", &tail)) {
2449       if (!create_property("jdk.module.illegalAccess", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2450         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2451       }
2452     // -agentlib and -agentpath
2453     } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
2454           (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
2455       if(tail != NULL) {
2456         const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
2457         char* name;
2458         if (pos == NULL) {
2459           name = os::strdup_check_oom(tail, mtArguments);
2460         } else {
2461           size_t len = pos - tail;
2462           name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtArguments);
2463           memcpy(name, tail, len);
2464           name[len] = '\0';
2465         }
2466 
2467         char *options = NULL;
2468         if(pos != NULL) {
2469           options = os::strdup_check_oom(pos + 1, mtArguments);
2470         }
2471 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2472         if (valid_jdwp_agent(name, is_absolute_path)) {
2473           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2474             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2475           return JNI_ERR;
2476         }
2477 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2478         add_init_agent(name, options, is_absolute_path);
2479       }
2480     // -javaagent
2481     } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
2482 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2483       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2484         "Instrumentation agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2485       return JNI_ERR;
2486 #else
2487       if (tail != NULL) {
2488         size_t length = strlen(tail) + 1;
2489         char *options = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtArguments);
2490         jio_snprintf(options, length, "%s", tail);
2491         add_instrument_agent("instrument", options, false);
2492         // java agents need module java.instrument
2493         if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", "java.instrument", addmods_count++)) {
2494           return JNI_ENOMEM;
2495         }
2496       }
2497 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2498     // --enable_preview
2499     } else if (match_option(option, "--enable-preview")) {
2500       set_enable_preview();
2501     // -Xnoclassgc
2502     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc")) {
2503       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ClassUnloading, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2504         return JNI_EINVAL;
2505       }
2506     // -Xconcgc
2507     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcgc")) {
2508       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2509         return JNI_EINVAL;
2510       }
2511       handle_extra_cms_flags("-Xconcgc uses UseConcMarkSweepGC");
2512     // -Xnoconcgc
2513     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoconcgc")) {
2514       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2515         return JNI_EINVAL;
2516       }
2517       handle_extra_cms_flags("-Xnoconcgc uses UseConcMarkSweepGC");
2518     // -Xbatch
2519     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch")) {
2520       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2521         return JNI_EINVAL;
2522       }
2523     // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
2524     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
2525       julong long_initial_young_size = 0;
2526       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_young_size, 1);
2527       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2528         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2529                     "Invalid initial young generation size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2530         describe_range_error(errcode);
2531         return JNI_EINVAL;
2532       }
2533       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxNewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2534         return JNI_EINVAL;
2535       }
2536       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2537         return JNI_EINVAL;
2538       }
2539     // -Xms
2540     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
2541       julong long_initial_heap_size = 0;
2542       // an initial heap size of 0 means automatically determine
2543       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_heap_size, 0);
2544       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2545         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2546                     "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2547         describe_range_error(errcode);
2548         return JNI_EINVAL;
2549       }
2550       set_min_heap_size((size_t)long_initial_heap_size);
2551       // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2552       // Can be overridden with -XX:InitialHeapSize.
2553       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, InitialHeapSize, (size_t)long_initial_heap_size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2554         return JNI_EINVAL;
2555       }
2556     // -Xmx
2557     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail) || match_option(option, "-XX:MaxHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2558       julong long_max_heap_size = 0;
2559       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
2560       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2561         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2562                     "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2563         describe_range_error(errcode);
2564         return JNI_EINVAL;
2565       }
2566       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxHeapSize, (size_t)long_max_heap_size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2567         return JNI_EINVAL;
2568       }
2569     // Xmaxf
2570     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
2571       char* err;
2572       int maxf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2573       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2574         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2575                     "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2576                     option->optionString);
2577         return JNI_EINVAL;
2578       } else {
2579         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2580             return JNI_EINVAL;
2581         }
2582       }
2583     // Xminf
2584     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
2585       char* err;
2586       int minf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2587       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2588         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2589                     "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2590                     option->optionString);
2591         return JNI_EINVAL;
2592       } else {
2593         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, minf) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2594           return JNI_EINVAL;
2595         }
2596       }
2597     // -Xss
2598     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
2599       intx value = 0;
2600       jint err = parse_xss(option, tail, &value);
2601       if (err != JNI_OK) {
2602         return err;
2603       }
2604       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, ThreadStackSize, value) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2605         return JNI_EINVAL;
2606       }
2607     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail) ||
2608                match_option(option, "-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=", &tail)) {
2609       julong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
2610 
2611       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize, 1);
2612       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2613         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2614                     "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2615         return JNI_EINVAL;
2616       }
2617       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2618         return JNI_EINVAL;
2619       }
2620     // -green
2621     } else if (match_option(option, "-green")) {
2622       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2623                   "Green threads support not available\n");
2624           return JNI_EINVAL;
2625     // -native
2626     } else if (match_option(option, "-native")) {
2627           // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
2628     // -Xrs
2629     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs")) {
2630           // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
2631       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ReduceSignalUsage, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2632         return JNI_EINVAL;
2633       }
2634       // -Xprof
2635     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof")) {
2636       char version[256];
2637       // Obsolete in JDK 10
2638       JDK_Version::jdk(10).to_string(version, sizeof(version));
2639       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", option->optionString, version);
2640     // -Xinternalversion
2641     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion")) {
2642       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
2643                   VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
2644       vm_exit(0);
2645 #ifndef PRODUCT
2646     // -Xprintflags
2647     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags")) {
2648       JVMFlag::printFlags(tty, false);
2649       vm_exit(0);
2650 #endif
2651     // -D
2652     } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
2653       const char* value;
2654       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=", &value) &&
2655             *value!= '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2656         // abort if -Djava.endorsed.dirs is set
2657         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2658           "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=%s is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
2659           "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n", value);
2660         return JNI_EINVAL;
2661       }
2662       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.ext.dirs=", &value) &&
2663             *value != '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2664         // abort if -Djava.ext.dirs is set
2665         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2666           "-Djava.ext.dirs=%s is not supported.  Use -classpath instead.\n", value);
2667         return JNI_EINVAL;
2668       }
2669       // Check for module related properties.  They must be set using the modules
2670       // options. For example: use "--add-modules=java.sql", not
2671       // "-Djdk.module.addmods=java.sql"
2672       if (is_internal_module_property(option->optionString + 2)) {
2673         needs_module_property_warning = true;
2674         continue;
2675       }
2676 
2677       if (!add_property(tail)) {
2678         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2679       }
2680       // Out of the box management support
2681       if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
2682 #if INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2683         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ManagementServer, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2684           return JNI_EINVAL;
2685         }
2686         // management agent in module jdk.management.agent
2687         if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", "jdk.management.agent", addmods_count++)) {
2688           return JNI_ENOMEM;
2689         }
2690 #else
2691         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2692           "-Dcom.sun.management is not supported in this VM.\n");
2693         return JNI_ERR;
2694 #endif
2695       }
2696     // -Xint
2697     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint")) {
2698           set_mode_flags(_int);
2699     // -Xmixed
2700     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed")) {
2701           set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2702     // -Xcomp
2703     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp")) {
2704       // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
2705           set_mode_flags(_comp);
2706     // -Xshare:dump
2707     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump")) {
2708       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2709         return JNI_EINVAL;
2710       }
2711       set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
2712     // -Xshare:on
2713     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on")) {
2714       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2715         return JNI_EINVAL;
2716       }
2717       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2718         return JNI_EINVAL;
2719       }
2720     // -Xshare:auto
2721     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto")) {
2722       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2723         return JNI_EINVAL;
2724       }
2725       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2726         return JNI_EINVAL;
2727       }
2728     // -Xshare:off
2729     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off")) {
2730       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2731         return JNI_EINVAL;
2732       }
2733       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2734         return JNI_EINVAL;
2735       }
2736     // -Xverify
2737     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
2738       if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
2739         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2740           return JNI_EINVAL;
2741         }
2742         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2743           return JNI_EINVAL;
2744         }
2745       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
2746         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2747           return JNI_EINVAL;
2748         }
2749         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2750           return JNI_EINVAL;
2751         }
2752       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
2753         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2754           return JNI_EINVAL;
2755         }
2756         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2757           return JNI_EINVAL;
2758         }
2759         warning("Options -Xverify:none and -noverify were deprecated in JDK 13 and will likely be removed in a future release.");
2760       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
2761         return JNI_EINVAL;
2762       }
2763     // -Xdebug
2764     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug")) {
2765       // note this flag has been used, then ignore
2766       set_xdebug_mode(true);
2767     // -Xnoagent
2768     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoagent")) {
2769       // For compatibility with classic. HotSpot refuses to load the old style agent.dll.
2770     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
2771       // Deprecated flag to redirect GC output to a file. -Xloggc:<filename>
2772       log_warning(gc)("-Xloggc is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc:%s instead.", tail);
2773       _gc_log_filename = os::strdup_check_oom(tail);
2774     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xlog", &tail)) {
2775       bool ret = false;
2776       if (strcmp(tail, ":help") == 0) {
2777         fileStream stream(defaultStream::output_stream());
2778         LogConfiguration::print_command_line_help(&stream);
2779         vm_exit(0);
2780       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":disable") == 0) {
2781         LogConfiguration::disable_logging();
2782         ret = true;
2783       } else if (*tail == '\0') {
2784         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments();
2785         assert(ret, "-Xlog without arguments should never fail to parse");
2786       } else if (*tail == ':') {
2787         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments(tail + 1);
2788       }
2789       if (ret == false) {
2790         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2791                     "Invalid -Xlog option '-Xlog%s', see error log for details.\n",
2792                     tail);
2793         return JNI_EINVAL;
2794       }
2795     // JNI hooks
2796     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
2797       if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2798 #if !INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
2799         warning("JNI CHECKING is not supported in this VM");
2800 #else
2801         CheckJNICalls = true;
2802 #endif // INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
2803       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
2804                                      "check")) {
2805         return JNI_EINVAL;
2806       }
2807     } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf")) {
2808       _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2809     } else if (match_option(option, "exit")) {
2810       _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2811     } else if (match_option(option, "abort")) {
2812       _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2813     // Need to keep consistency of MaxTenuringThreshold and AlwaysTenure/NeverTenure;
2814     // and the last option wins.
2815     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure")) {
2816       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2817         return JNI_EINVAL;
2818       }
2819       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2820         return JNI_EINVAL;
2821       }
2822       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, markOopDesc::max_age + 1) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2823         return JNI_EINVAL;
2824       }
2825     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure")) {
2826       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2827         return JNI_EINVAL;
2828       }
2829       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2830         return JNI_EINVAL;
2831       }
2832       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, 0) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2833         return JNI_EINVAL;
2834       }
2835     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=", &tail)) {
2836       uintx max_tenuring_thresh = 0;
2837       if (!parse_uintx(tail, &max_tenuring_thresh, 0)) {
2838         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2839                     "Improperly specified VM option \'MaxTenuringThreshold=%s\'\n", tail);
2840         return JNI_EINVAL;
2841       }
2842 
2843       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, max_tenuring_thresh) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2844         return JNI_EINVAL;
2845       }
2846 
2847       if (MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
2848         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2849           return JNI_EINVAL;
2850         }
2851         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2852           return JNI_EINVAL;
2853         }
2854       } else {
2855         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2856           return JNI_EINVAL;
2857         }
2858         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2859           return JNI_EINVAL;
2860         }
2861       }
2862     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr")) {
2863       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2864         return JNI_EINVAL;
2865       }
2866       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2867         return JNI_EINVAL;
2868       }
2869     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout")) {
2870       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2871         return JNI_EINVAL;
2872       }
2873       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2874         return JNI_EINVAL;
2875       }
2876     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ExtendedDTraceProbes")) {
2877 #if defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
2878       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExtendedDTraceProbes, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2879         return JNI_EINVAL;
2880       }
2881       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMethodProbes, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2882         return JNI_EINVAL;
2883       }
2884       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceAllocProbes, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2885         return JNI_EINVAL;
2886       }
2887       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMonitorProbes, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2888         return JNI_EINVAL;
2889       }
2890 #else // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
2891       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2892                   "ExtendedDTraceProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
2893       return JNI_EINVAL;
2894 #endif // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
2895 #ifdef ASSERT
2896     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot")) {
2897       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, FullGCALot, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2898         return JNI_EINVAL;
2899       }
2900       // disable scavenge before parallel mark-compact
2901       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2902         return JNI_EINVAL;
2903       }
2904 #endif
2905 #if !INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2906     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ManagementServer")) {
2907         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2908           "ManagementServer is not supported in this VM.\n");
2909         return JNI_ERR;
2910 #endif // INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2911 #if INCLUDE_JFR
2912     } else if (match_jfr_option(&option)) {
2913       return JNI_EINVAL;
2914 #endif
2915     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
2916       // Skip -XX:Flags= and -XX:VMOptionsFile= since those cases have
2917       // already been handled
2918       if ((strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) &&
2919           (strncmp(tail, "VMOptionsFile=", strlen("VMOptionsFile=")) != 0)) {
2920         if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
2921           return JNI_EINVAL;
2922         }
2923       }
2924     // Unknown option
2925     } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
2926       return JNI_ERR;
2927     }
2928   }
2929 
2930   // PrintSharedArchiveAndExit will turn on
2931   //   -Xshare:on
2932   //   -Xlog:class+path=info
2933   if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
2934     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2935       return JNI_EINVAL;
2936     }
2937     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2938       return JNI_EINVAL;
2939     }
2940     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, path));
2941   }
2942 
2943   // Change the default value for flags  which have different default values
2944   // when working with older JDKs.
2945 #ifdef LINUX
2946  if (JDK_Version::current().compare_major(6) <= 0 &&
2947       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks)) {
2948     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks, false);
2949   }
2950 #endif // LINUX
2951   fix_appclasspath();
2952 
2953   return JNI_OK;
2954 }
2955 
2956 void Arguments::add_patch_mod_prefix(const char* module_name, const char* path, bool* patch_mod_javabase) {
2957   // For java.base check for duplicate --patch-module options being specified on the command line.
2958   // This check is only required for java.base, all other duplicate module specifications
2959   // will be checked during module system initialization.  The module system initialization
2960   // will throw an ExceptionInInitializerError if this situation occurs.
2961   if (strcmp(module_name, JAVA_BASE_NAME) == 0) {
2962     if (*patch_mod_javabase) {
2963       vm_exit_during_initialization("Cannot specify " JAVA_BASE_NAME " more than once to --patch-module");
2964     } else {
2965       *patch_mod_javabase = true;
2966     }
2967   }
2968 
2969   // Create GrowableArray lazily, only if --patch-module has been specified
2970   if (_patch_mod_prefix == NULL) {
2971     _patch_mod_prefix = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments) GrowableArray<ModulePatchPath*>(10, true);
2972   }
2973 
2974   _patch_mod_prefix->push(new ModulePatchPath(module_name, path));
2975 }
2976 
2977 // Remove all empty paths from the app classpath (if IgnoreEmptyClassPaths is enabled)
2978 //
2979 // This is necessary because some apps like to specify classpath like -cp foo.jar:${XYZ}:bar.jar
2980 // in their start-up scripts. If XYZ is empty, the classpath will look like "-cp foo.jar::bar.jar".
2981 // Java treats such empty paths as if the user specified "-cp foo.jar:.:bar.jar". I.e., an empty
2982 // path is treated as the current directory.
2983 //
2984 // This causes problems with CDS, which requires that all directories specified in the classpath
2985 // must be empty. In most cases, applications do NOT want to load classes from the current
2986 // directory anyway. Adding -XX:+IgnoreEmptyClassPaths will make these applications' start-up
2987 // scripts compatible with CDS.
2988 void Arguments::fix_appclasspath() {
2989   if (IgnoreEmptyClassPaths) {
2990     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
2991     const char* src = _java_class_path->value();
2992 
2993     // skip over all the leading empty paths
2994     while (*src == separator) {
2995       src ++;
2996     }
2997 
2998     char* copy = os::strdup_check_oom(src, mtArguments);
2999 
3000     // trim all trailing empty paths
3001     for (char* tail = copy + strlen(copy) - 1; tail >= copy && *tail == separator; tail--) {
3002       *tail = '\0';
3003     }
3004 
3005     char from[3] = {separator, separator, '\0'};
3006     char to  [2] = {separator, '\0'};
3007     while (StringUtils::replace_no_expand(copy, from, to) > 0) {
3008       // Keep replacing "::" -> ":" until we have no more "::" (non-windows)
3009       // Keep replacing ";;" -> ";" until we have no more ";;" (windows)
3010     }
3011 
3012     _java_class_path->set_writeable_value(copy);
3013     FreeHeap(copy); // a copy was made by set_value, so don't need this anymore
3014   }
3015 }
3016 
3017 jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args(bool patch_mod_javabase) {
3018   // check if the default lib/endorsed directory exists; if so, error
3019   char path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3020   const char* fileSep = os::file_separator();
3021   jio_snprintf(path, JVM_MAXPATHLEN, "%s%slib%sendorsed", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3022 
3023   DIR* dir = os::opendir(path);
3024   if (dir != NULL) {
3025     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3026       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/endorsed is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
3027       "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n");
3028     os::closedir(dir);
3029     return JNI_ERR;
3030   }
3031 
3032   jio_snprintf(path, JVM_MAXPATHLEN, "%s%slib%sext", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3033   dir = os::opendir(path);
3034   if (dir != NULL) {
3035     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3036       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/ext exists, extensions mechanism no longer supported; "
3037       "Use -classpath instead.\n.");
3038     os::closedir(dir);
3039     return JNI_ERR;
3040   }
3041 
3042   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed
3043   // and the container support has been initialized since AggressiveHeap
3044   // relies on the amount of total memory available.
3045   if (AggressiveHeap) {
3046     jint result = set_aggressive_heap_flags();
3047     if (result != JNI_OK) {
3048       return result;
3049     }
3050   }
3051 
3052   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed.
3053   // java_compiler() true means set to "NONE" or empty.
3054   if (java_compiler() && !xdebug_mode()) {
3055     // For backwards compatibility, we switch to interpreted mode if
3056     // -Djava.compiler="NONE" or "" is specified AND "-Xdebug" was
3057     // not specified.
3058     set_mode_flags(_int);
3059   }
3060 
3061   // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is same as -Xint: Disable compilation (enable interpreter-only mode),
3062   // but like -Xint, leave compilation thresholds unaffected.
3063   // With tiered compilation disabled, setting CompileThreshold to 0 disables compilation as well.
3064   if ((CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0) || (!TieredCompilation && CompileThreshold == 0)) {
3065     set_mode_flags(_int);
3066   }
3067 
3068   // eventually fix up InitialTenuringThreshold if only MaxTenuringThreshold is set
3069   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialTenuringThreshold) && (InitialTenuringThreshold > MaxTenuringThreshold)) {
3070     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialTenuringThreshold, MaxTenuringThreshold);
3071   }
3072 
3073 #if !COMPILER2_OR_JVMCI
3074   // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
3075   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
3076       MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
3077     // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
3078     // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
3079     // Java heap and the code cache.
3080     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
3081   }
3082 
3083   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(ProfileInterpreter);
3084   NOT_PRODUCT(UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TraceProfileInterpreter));
3085 #endif
3086 
3087 #ifndef TIERED
3088   // Tiered compilation is undefined.
3089   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TieredCompilation);
3090 #endif
3091 
3092   if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
3093     return JNI_ERR;
3094   }
3095 
3096 #if INCLUDE_CDS
3097   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3098     // Disable biased locking now as it interferes with the clean up of
3099     // the archived Klasses and Java string objects (at dump time only).
3100     UseBiasedLocking = false;
3101 
3102     // Always verify non-system classes during CDS dump
3103     if (!BytecodeVerificationRemote) {
3104       BytecodeVerificationRemote = true;
3105       log_info(cds)("All non-system classes will be verified (-Xverify:remote) during CDS dump time.");
3106     }
3107 
3108     // Compilation is already disabled if the user specifies -Xshare:dump.
3109     // Disable compilation in case user specifies -XX:+DumpSharedSpaces instead of -Xshare:dump.
3110     set_mode_flags(_int);
3111   }
3112   if (UseSharedSpaces && patch_mod_javabase) {
3113     no_shared_spaces("CDS is disabled when " JAVA_BASE_NAME " module is patched.");
3114   }
3115   if (UseSharedSpaces && !DumpSharedSpaces && check_unsupported_cds_runtime_properties()) {
3116     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
3117   }
3118 #endif
3119 
3120 #ifndef CAN_SHOW_REGISTERS_ON_ASSERT
3121   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(ShowRegistersOnAssert);
3122 #endif // CAN_SHOW_REGISTERS_ON_ASSERT
3123 
3124   return JNI_OK;
3125 }
3126 
3127 // Helper class for controlling the lifetime of JavaVMInitArgs
3128 // objects.  The contents of the JavaVMInitArgs are guaranteed to be
3129 // deleted on the destruction of the ScopedVMInitArgs object.
3130 class ScopedVMInitArgs : public StackObj {
3131  private:
3132   JavaVMInitArgs _args;
3133   char*          _container_name;
3134   bool           _is_set;
3135   char*          _vm_options_file_arg;
3136 
3137  public:
3138   ScopedVMInitArgs(const char *container_name) {
3139     _args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
3140     _args.nOptions = 0;
3141     _args.options = NULL;
3142     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = false;
3143     _container_name = (char *)container_name;
3144     _is_set = false;
3145     _vm_options_file_arg = NULL;
3146   }
3147 
3148   // Populates the JavaVMInitArgs object represented by this
3149   // ScopedVMInitArgs object with the arguments in options.  The
3150   // allocated memory is deleted by the destructor.  If this method
3151   // returns anything other than JNI_OK, then this object is in a
3152   // partially constructed state, and should be abandoned.
3153   jint set_args(GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>* options) {
3154     _is_set = true;
3155     JavaVMOption* options_arr = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(
3156         JavaVMOption, options->length(), mtArguments);
3157     if (options_arr == NULL) {
3158       return JNI_ENOMEM;
3159     }
3160     _args.options = options_arr;
3161 
3162     for (int i = 0; i < options->length(); i++) {
3163       options_arr[i] = options->at(i);
3164       options_arr[i].optionString = os::strdup(options_arr[i].optionString);
3165       if (options_arr[i].optionString == NULL) {
3166         // Rely on the destructor to do cleanup.
3167         _args.nOptions = i;
3168         return JNI_ENOMEM;
3169       }
3170     }
3171 
3172     _args.nOptions = options->length();
3173     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions;
3174     return JNI_OK;
3175   }
3176 
3177   JavaVMInitArgs* get()             { return &_args; }
3178   char* container_name()            { return _container_name; }
3179   bool  is_set()                    { return _is_set; }
3180   bool  found_vm_options_file_arg() { return _vm_options_file_arg != NULL; }
3181   char* vm_options_file_arg()       { return _vm_options_file_arg; }
3182 
3183   void set_vm_options_file_arg(const char *vm_options_file_arg) {
3184     if (_vm_options_file_arg != NULL) {
3185       os::free(_vm_options_file_arg);
3186     }
3187     _vm_options_file_arg = os::strdup_check_oom(vm_options_file_arg);
3188   }
3189 
3190   ~ScopedVMInitArgs() {
3191     if (_vm_options_file_arg != NULL) {
3192       os::free(_vm_options_file_arg);
3193     }
3194     if (_args.options == NULL) return;
3195     for (int i = 0; i < _args.nOptions; i++) {
3196       os::free(_args.options[i].optionString);
3197     }
3198     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(JavaVMOption, _args.options);
3199   }
3200 
3201   // Insert options into this option list, to replace option at
3202   // vm_options_file_pos (-XX:VMOptionsFile)
3203   jint insert(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3204               const JavaVMInitArgs* args_to_insert,
3205               const int vm_options_file_pos) {
3206     assert(_args.options == NULL, "shouldn't be set yet");
3207     assert(args_to_insert->nOptions != 0, "there should be args to insert");
3208     assert(vm_options_file_pos != -1, "vm_options_file_pos should be set");
3209 
3210     int length = args->nOptions + args_to_insert->nOptions - 1;
3211     GrowableArray<JavaVMOption> *options = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments)
3212               GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>(length, true);    // Construct new option array
3213     for (int i = 0; i < args->nOptions; i++) {
3214       if (i == vm_options_file_pos) {
3215         // insert the new options starting at the same place as the
3216         // -XX:VMOptionsFile option
3217         for (int j = 0; j < args_to_insert->nOptions; j++) {
3218           options->push(args_to_insert->options[j]);
3219         }
3220       } else {
3221         options->push(args->options[i]);
3222       }
3223     }
3224     // make into options array
3225     jint result = set_args(options);
3226     delete options;
3227     return result;
3228   }
3229 };
3230 
3231 jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3232   return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", args);
3233 }
3234 
3235 jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3236   return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", args);
3237 }
3238 
3239 jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name,
3240                                                    ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3241   char *buffer = ::getenv(name);
3242 
3243   // Don't check this environment variable if user has special privileges
3244   // (e.g. unix su command).
3245   if (buffer == NULL || os::have_special_privileges()) {
3246     return JNI_OK;
3247   }
3248 
3249   if ((buffer = os::strdup(buffer)) == NULL) {
3250     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3251   }
3252 
3253   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3254               "Picked up %s: %s\n", name, buffer);
3255 
3256   int retcode = parse_options_buffer(name, buffer, strlen(buffer), vm_args);
3257 
3258   os::free(buffer);
3259   return retcode;
3260 }
3261 
3262 jint Arguments::parse_vm_options_file(const char* file_name, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3263   // read file into buffer
3264   int fd = ::open(file_name, O_RDONLY);
3265   if (fd < 0) {
3266     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3267                 "Could not open options file '%s'\n",
3268                 file_name);
3269     return JNI_ERR;
3270   }
3271 
3272   struct stat stbuf;
3273   int retcode = os::stat(file_name, &stbuf);
3274   if (retcode != 0) {
3275     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3276                 "Could not stat options file '%s'\n",
3277                 file_name);
3278     os::close(fd);
3279     return JNI_ERR;
3280   }
3281 
3282   if (stbuf.st_size == 0) {
3283     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3284     os::close(fd);
3285     return JNI_OK;
3286   }
3287 
3288   // '+ 1' for NULL termination even with max bytes
3289   size_t bytes_alloc = stbuf.st_size + 1;
3290 
3291   char *buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, bytes_alloc, mtArguments);
3292   if (NULL == buf) {
3293     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3294                 "Could not allocate read buffer for options file parse\n");
3295     os::close(fd);
3296     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3297   }
3298 
3299   memset(buf, 0, bytes_alloc);
3300 
3301   // Fill buffer
3302   ssize_t bytes_read = os::read(fd, (void *)buf, (unsigned)bytes_alloc);
3303   os::close(fd);
3304   if (bytes_read < 0) {
3305     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3306     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3307                 "Could not read options file '%s'\n", file_name);
3308     return JNI_ERR;
3309   }
3310 
3311   if (bytes_read == 0) {
3312     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3313     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3314     return JNI_OK;
3315   }
3316 
3317   retcode = parse_options_buffer(file_name, buf, bytes_read, vm_args);
3318 
3319   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3320   return retcode;
3321 }
3322 
3323 jint Arguments::parse_options_buffer(const char* name, char* buffer, const size_t buf_len, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3324   GrowableArray<JavaVMOption> *options = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments) GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>(2, true);    // Construct option array
3325 
3326   // some pointers to help with parsing
3327   char *buffer_end = buffer + buf_len;
3328   char *opt_hd = buffer;
3329   char *wrt = buffer;
3330   char *rd = buffer;
3331 
3332   // parse all options
3333   while (rd < buffer_end) {
3334     // skip leading white space from the input string
3335     while (rd < buffer_end && isspace(*rd)) {
3336       rd++;
3337     }
3338 
3339     if (rd >= buffer_end) {
3340       break;
3341     }
3342 
3343     // Remember this is where we found the head of the token.
3344     opt_hd = wrt;
3345 
3346     // Tokens are strings of non white space characters separated
3347     // by one or more white spaces.
3348     while (rd < buffer_end && !isspace(*rd)) {
3349       if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
3350         int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
3351         rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
3352         while (rd < buffer_end && *rd != quote) {
3353                                             // include everything (even spaces)
3354                                             // up until the close quote
3355           *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
3356         }
3357 
3358         if (rd < buffer_end) {
3359           rd++;                             // don't copy close quote
3360         } else {
3361                                             // did not see closing quote
3362           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3363                       "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
3364           delete options;
3365           return JNI_ERR;
3366         }
3367       } else {
3368         *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
3369       }
3370     }
3371 
3372     // steal a white space character and set it to NULL
3373     *wrt++ = '\0';
3374     // We now have a complete token
3375 
3376     JavaVMOption option;
3377     option.optionString = opt_hd;
3378     option.extraInfo = NULL;
3379 
3380     options->append(option);                // Fill in option
3381 
3382     rd++;  // Advance to next character
3383   }
3384 
3385   // Fill out JavaVMInitArgs structure.
3386   jint status = vm_args->set_args(options);
3387 
3388   delete options;
3389   return status;
3390 }
3391 
3392 void Arguments::set_shared_spaces_flags() {
3393   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3394     if (FailOverToOldVerifier) {
3395       // Don't fall back to the old verifier on verification failure. If a
3396       // class fails verification with the split verifier, it might fail the
3397       // CDS runtime verifier constraint check. In that case, we don't want
3398       // to share the class. We only archive classes that pass the split verifier.
3399       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(FailOverToOldVerifier, false);
3400     }
3401 
3402     if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
3403       warning("Cannot dump shared archive while using shared archive");
3404     }
3405     UseSharedSpaces = false;
3406 #ifdef _LP64
3407     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3408       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3409         "Cannot dump shared archive when UseCompressedOops or UseCompressedClassPointers is off.", NULL);
3410     }
3411   } else {
3412     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3413       no_shared_spaces("UseCompressedOops and UseCompressedClassPointers must be on for UseSharedSpaces.");
3414     }
3415 #endif
3416   }
3417 }
3418 
3419 // Sharing support
3420 // Construct the path to the archive
3421 char* Arguments::get_default_shared_archive_path() {
3422   char *default_archive_path;
3423   char jvm_path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3424   os::jvm_path(jvm_path, sizeof(jvm_path));
3425   char *end = strrchr(jvm_path, *os::file_separator());
3426   if (end != NULL) *end = '\0';
3427   size_t jvm_path_len = strlen(jvm_path);
3428   size_t file_sep_len = strlen(os::file_separator());
3429   const size_t len = jvm_path_len + file_sep_len + 20;
3430   default_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtArguments);
3431   if (default_archive_path != NULL) {
3432     jio_snprintf(default_archive_path, len, "%s%sclasses.jsa",
3433       jvm_path, os::file_separator());
3434   }
3435   return default_archive_path;
3436 }
3437 
3438 static char* get_shared_archive_path() {
3439   char *shared_archive_path;
3440   if (SharedArchiveFile == NULL) {
3441     shared_archive_path = Arguments::get_default_shared_archive_path();
3442   } else {
3443     shared_archive_path = os::strdup_check_oom(SharedArchiveFile, mtArguments);
3444   }
3445   return shared_archive_path;
3446 }
3447 
3448 #ifndef PRODUCT
3449 // Determine whether LogVMOutput should be implicitly turned on.
3450 static bool use_vm_log() {
3451   if (LogCompilation || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogFile) ||
3452       PrintCompilation || PrintInlining || PrintDependencies || PrintNativeNMethods ||
3453       PrintDebugInfo || PrintRelocations || PrintNMethods || PrintExceptionHandlers ||
3454       PrintAssembly || TraceDeoptimization || TraceDependencies ||
3455       (VerifyDependencies && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(VerifyDependencies))) {
3456     return true;
3457   }
3458 
3459 #ifdef COMPILER1
3460   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
3461     return true;
3462   }
3463 #endif // COMPILER1
3464 
3465 #ifdef COMPILER2
3466   if (PrintOptoAssembly || PrintOptoStatistics) {
3467     return true;
3468   }
3469 #endif // COMPILER2
3470 
3471   return false;
3472 }
3473 
3474 #endif // PRODUCT
3475 
3476 bool Arguments::args_contains_vm_options_file_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
3477   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3478     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3479     const char* tail;
3480     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3481       return true;
3482     }
3483   }
3484   return false;
3485 }
3486 
3487 jint Arguments::insert_vm_options_file(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3488                                        const char* vm_options_file,
3489                                        const int vm_options_file_pos,
3490                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_options_file_args,
3491                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3492   jint code = parse_vm_options_file(vm_options_file, vm_options_file_args);
3493   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3494     return code;
3495   }
3496 
3497   if (vm_options_file_args->get()->nOptions < 1) {
3498     return JNI_OK;
3499   }
3500 
3501   if (args_contains_vm_options_file_arg(vm_options_file_args->get())) {
3502     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3503                 "A VM options file may not refer to a VM options file. "
3504                 "Specification of '-XX:VMOptionsFile=<file-name>' in the "
3505                 "options file '%s' in options container '%s' is an error.\n",
3506                 vm_options_file_args->vm_options_file_arg(),
3507                 vm_options_file_args->container_name());
3508     return JNI_EINVAL;
3509   }
3510 
3511   return args_out->insert(args, vm_options_file_args->get(),
3512                           vm_options_file_pos);
3513 }
3514 
3515 // Expand -XX:VMOptionsFile found in args_in as needed.
3516 // mod_args and args_out parameters may return values as needed.
3517 jint Arguments::expand_vm_options_as_needed(const JavaVMInitArgs* args_in,
3518                                             ScopedVMInitArgs* mod_args,
3519                                             JavaVMInitArgs** args_out) {
3520   jint code = match_special_option_and_act(args_in, mod_args);
3521   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3522     return code;
3523   }
3524 
3525   if (mod_args->is_set()) {
3526     // args_in contains -XX:VMOptionsFile and mod_args contains the
3527     // original options from args_in along with the options expanded
3528     // from the VMOptionsFile. Return a short-hand to the caller.
3529     *args_out = mod_args->get();
3530   } else {
3531     *args_out = (JavaVMInitArgs *)args_in;  // no changes so use args_in
3532   }
3533   return JNI_OK;
3534 }
3535 
3536 jint Arguments::match_special_option_and_act(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3537                                              ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3538   // Remaining part of option string
3539   const char* tail;
3540   ScopedVMInitArgs vm_options_file_args(args_out->container_name());
3541 
3542   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3543     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3544     if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
3545       Arguments::set_jvm_flags_file(tail);
3546       continue;
3547     }
3548     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3549       if (vm_options_file_args.found_vm_options_file_arg()) {
3550         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3551                     "The option '%s' is already specified in the options "
3552                     "container '%s' so the specification of '%s' in the "
3553                     "same options container is an error.\n",
3554                     vm_options_file_args.vm_options_file_arg(),
3555                     vm_options_file_args.container_name(),
3556                     option->optionString);
3557         return JNI_EINVAL;
3558       }
3559       vm_options_file_args.set_vm_options_file_arg(option->optionString);
3560       // If there's a VMOptionsFile, parse that
3561       jint code = insert_vm_options_file(args, tail, index,
3562                                          &vm_options_file_args, args_out);
3563       if (code != JNI_OK) {
3564         return code;
3565       }
3566       args_out->set_vm_options_file_arg(vm_options_file_args.vm_options_file_arg());
3567       if (args_out->is_set()) {
3568         // The VMOptions file inserted some options so switch 'args'
3569         // to the new set of options, and continue processing which
3570         // preserves "last option wins" semantics.
3571         args = args_out->get();
3572         // The first option from the VMOptionsFile replaces the
3573         // current option.  So we back track to process the
3574         // replacement option.
3575         index--;
3576       }
3577       continue;
3578     }
3579     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions")) {
3580       PrintVMOptions = true;
3581       continue;
3582     }
3583     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintVMOptions")) {
3584       PrintVMOptions = false;
3585       continue;
3586     }
3587     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3588       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = true;
3589       continue;
3590     }
3591     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3592       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = false;
3593       continue;
3594     }
3595     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsInitial")) {
3596       JVMFlag::printFlags(tty, false);
3597       vm_exit(0);
3598     }
3599     if (match_option(option, "-XX:NativeMemoryTracking", &tail)) {
3600 #if INCLUDE_NMT
3601       // The launcher did not setup nmt environment variable properly.
3602       if (!MemTracker::check_launcher_nmt_support(tail)) {
3603         warning("Native Memory Tracking did not setup properly, using wrong launcher?");
3604       }
3605 
3606       // Verify if nmt option is valid.
3607       if (MemTracker::verify_nmt_option()) {
3608         // Late initialization, still in single-threaded mode.
3609         if (MemTracker::tracking_level() >= NMT_summary) {
3610           MemTracker::init();
3611         }
3612       } else {
3613         vm_exit_during_initialization("Syntax error, expecting -XX:NativeMemoryTracking=[off|summary|detail]", NULL);
3614       }
3615       continue;
3616 #else
3617       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3618         "Native Memory Tracking is not supported in this VM\n");
3619       return JNI_ERR;
3620 #endif
3621     }
3622 
3623 #ifndef PRODUCT
3624     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsWithComments")) {
3625       JVMFlag::printFlags(tty, true);
3626       vm_exit(0);
3627     }
3628 #endif
3629   }
3630   return JNI_OK;
3631 }
3632 
3633 static void print_options(const JavaVMInitArgs *args) {
3634   const char* tail;
3635   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3636     const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
3637     if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
3638       logOption(tail);
3639     }
3640   }
3641 }
3642 
3643 bool Arguments::handle_deprecated_print_gc_flags() {
3644   if (PrintGC) {
3645     log_warning(gc)("-XX:+PrintGC is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc instead.");
3646   }
3647   if (PrintGCDetails) {
3648     log_warning(gc)("-XX:+PrintGCDetails is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc* instead.");
3649   }
3650 
3651   if (_gc_log_filename != NULL) {
3652     // -Xloggc was used to specify a filename
3653     const char* gc_conf = PrintGCDetails ? "gc*" : "gc";
3654 
3655     LogTarget(Error, logging) target;
3656     LogStream errstream(target);
3657     return LogConfiguration::parse_log_arguments(_gc_log_filename, gc_conf, NULL, NULL, &errstream);
3658   } else if (PrintGC || PrintGCDetails) {
3659     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, !PrintGCDetails, LOG_TAGS(gc));
3660   }
3661   return true;
3662 }
3663 
3664 void Arguments::handle_extra_cms_flags(const char* msg) {
3665   SpecialFlag flag;
3666   const char *flag_name = "UseConcMarkSweepGC";
3667   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
3668     handle_aliases_and_deprecation(flag_name, /* print warning */ true);
3669     warning("%s", msg);
3670   }
3671 }
3672 
3673 // Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
3674 
3675 jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* initial_cmd_args) {
3676   assert(verify_special_jvm_flags(), "deprecated and obsolete flag table inconsistent");
3677 
3678   // Initialize ranges, constraints and writeables
3679   JVMFlagRangeList::init();
3680   JVMFlagConstraintList::init();
3681   JVMFlagWriteableList::init();
3682 
3683   // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
3684   const char* hotspotrc = ".hotspotrc";
3685   bool settings_file_specified = false;
3686   bool needs_hotspotrc_warning = false;
3687   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_java_tool_options_args("env_var='JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS'");
3688   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_java_options_args("env_var='_JAVA_OPTIONS'");
3689 
3690   // Pointers to current working set of containers
3691   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_cmd_args;
3692   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_java_options_args;
3693   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_java_tool_options_args;
3694 
3695   // Containers for modified/expanded options
3696   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_cmd_args("cmd_line_args");
3697   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_java_tool_options_args("env_var='JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS'");
3698   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_java_options_args("env_var='_JAVA_OPTIONS'");
3699 
3700 
3701   jint code =
3702       parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&initial_java_tool_options_args);
3703   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3704     return code;
3705   }
3706 
3707   code = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&initial_java_options_args);
3708   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3709     return code;
3710   }
3711 
3712   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_java_tool_options_args.get(),
3713                                      &mod_java_tool_options_args,
3714                                      &cur_java_tool_options_args);
3715   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3716     return code;
3717   }
3718 
3719   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_cmd_args,
3720                                      &mod_cmd_args,
3721                                      &cur_cmd_args);
3722   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3723     return code;
3724   }
3725 
3726   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_java_options_args.get(),
3727                                      &mod_java_options_args,
3728                                      &cur_java_options_args);
3729   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3730     return code;
3731   }
3732 
3733   const char* flags_file = Arguments::get_jvm_flags_file();
3734   settings_file_specified = (flags_file != NULL);
3735 
3736   if (IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions) {
3737     cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
3738     cur_java_tool_options_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
3739     cur_java_options_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
3740   }
3741 
3742   // Parse specified settings file
3743   if (settings_file_specified) {
3744     if (!process_settings_file(flags_file, true,
3745                                cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3746       return JNI_EINVAL;
3747     }
3748   } else {
3749 #ifdef ASSERT
3750     // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
3751     if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false,
3752                                cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3753       return JNI_EINVAL;
3754     }
3755 #else
3756     struct stat buf;
3757     if (os::stat(hotspotrc, &buf) == 0) {
3758       needs_hotspotrc_warning = true;
3759     }
3760 #endif
3761   }
3762 
3763   if (PrintVMOptions) {
3764     print_options(cur_java_tool_options_args);
3765     print_options(cur_cmd_args);
3766     print_options(cur_java_options_args);
3767   }
3768 
3769   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
3770   jint result = parse_vm_init_args(cur_java_tool_options_args,
3771                                    cur_java_options_args,
3772                                    cur_cmd_args);
3773 
3774   if (result != JNI_OK) {
3775     return result;
3776   }
3777 
3778   // Call get_shared_archive_path() here, after possible SharedArchiveFile option got parsed.
3779   SharedArchivePath = get_shared_archive_path();
3780   if (SharedArchivePath == NULL) {
3781     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3782   }
3783 
3784   // Set up VerifySharedSpaces
3785   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(VerifySharedSpaces) && SharedArchiveFile != NULL) {
3786     VerifySharedSpaces = true;
3787   }
3788 
3789   // Delay warning until here so that we've had a chance to process
3790   // the -XX:-PrintWarnings flag
3791   if (needs_hotspotrc_warning) {
3792     warning("%s file is present but has been ignored.  "
3793             "Run with -XX:Flags=%s to load the file.",
3794             hotspotrc, hotspotrc);
3795   }
3796 
3797   if (needs_module_property_warning) {
3798     warning("Ignoring system property options whose names match the '-Djdk.module.*'."
3799             " names that are reserved for internal use.");
3800   }
3801 
3802 #if defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) || defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
3803   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseLargePages);
3804 #endif
3805 
3806 #if defined(AIX)
3807   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION_NULL(AllocateHeapAt);
3808   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION_NULL(AllocateOldGenAt);
3809 #endif
3810 
3811 #ifndef PRODUCT
3812   if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
3813     TraceBytecodes = true;
3814   }
3815   if (CountCompiledCalls) {
3816     if (UseCounterDecay) {
3817       warning("UseCounterDecay disabled because CountCalls is set");
3818       UseCounterDecay = false;
3819     }
3820   }
3821 #endif // PRODUCT
3822 
3823   if (ScavengeRootsInCode == 0) {
3824     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeRootsInCode)) {
3825       warning("Forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero");
3826     }
3827     ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
3828   }
3829 
3830   if (!handle_deprecated_print_gc_flags()) {
3831     return JNI_EINVAL;
3832   }
3833 
3834   // Set object alignment values.
3835   set_object_alignment();
3836 
3837 #if !INCLUDE_CDS
3838   if (DumpSharedSpaces || RequireSharedSpaces) {
3839     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3840       "Shared spaces are not supported in this VM\n");
3841     return JNI_ERR;
3842   }
3843   if ((UseSharedSpaces && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseSharedSpaces)) ||
3844       log_is_enabled(Info, cds)) {
3845     warning("Shared spaces are not supported in this VM");
3846     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
3847     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Off, true, LOG_TAGS(cds));
3848   }
3849   no_shared_spaces("CDS Disabled");
3850 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
3851 
3852   return JNI_OK;
3853 }
3854 
3855 jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
3856   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
3857   jint result = set_ergonomics_flags();
3858   if (result != JNI_OK) return result;
3859 
3860   // Set heap size based on available physical memory
3861   set_heap_size();
3862 
3863   GCConfig::arguments()->initialize();
3864 
3865   set_shared_spaces_flags();
3866 
3867   // Initialize Metaspace flags and alignments
3868   Metaspace::ergo_initialize();
3869 
3870   // Set compiler flags after GC is selected and GC specific
3871   // flags (LoopStripMiningIter) are set.
3872   CompilerConfig::ergo_initialize();
3873 
3874   // Set bytecode rewriting flags
3875   set_bytecode_flags();
3876 
3877   // Set flags if aggressive optimization flags are enabled
3878   jint code = set_aggressive_opts_flags();
3879   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3880     return code;
3881   }
3882 
3883   // Turn off biased locking for locking debug mode flags,
3884   // which are subtly different from each other but neither works with
3885   // biased locking
3886   if (UseHeavyMonitors
3887 #ifdef COMPILER1
3888       || !UseFastLocking
3889 #endif // COMPILER1
3890 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
3891       || !JVMCIUseFastLocking
3892 #endif
3893     ) {
3894     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking) && UseBiasedLocking) {
3895       // flag set to true on command line; warn the user that they
3896       // can't enable biased locking here
3897       warning("Biased Locking is not supported with locking debug flags"
3898               "; ignoring UseBiasedLocking flag." );
3899     }
3900     UseBiasedLocking = false;
3901   }
3902 
3903 #ifdef CC_INTERP
3904   // Clear flags not supported on zero.
3905   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ProfileInterpreter, false);
3906   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking, false);
3907   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false));
3908   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false));
3909 #endif // CC_INTERP
3910 
3911   if (PrintAssembly && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DebugNonSafepoints)) {
3912     warning("PrintAssembly is enabled; turning on DebugNonSafepoints to gain additional output");
3913     DebugNonSafepoints = true;
3914   }
3915 
3916   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CompressedClassSpaceSize) && !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3917     warning("Setting CompressedClassSpaceSize has no effect when compressed class pointers are not used");
3918   }
3919 
3920 #ifndef PRODUCT
3921   if (!LogVMOutput && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogVMOutput)) {
3922     if (use_vm_log()) {
3923       LogVMOutput = true;
3924     }
3925   }
3926 #endif // PRODUCT
3927 
3928   if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
3929     JVMFlag::printSetFlags(tty);
3930   }
3931 
3932   // Apply CPU specific policy for the BiasedLocking
3933   if (UseBiasedLocking) {
3934     if (!VM_Version::use_biased_locking() &&
3935         !(FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseBiasedLocking))) {
3936       UseBiasedLocking = false;
3937     }
3938   }
3939 #ifdef COMPILER2
3940   if (!UseBiasedLocking) {
3941     UseOptoBiasInlining = false;
3942   }
3943 #endif
3944 
3945 #if defined(IA32)
3946   // Only server compiler can optimize safepoints well enough.
3947   if (!is_server_compilation_mode_vm()) {
3948     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(bool, ThreadLocalHandshakes, false);
3949   }
3950 #endif
3951 
3952   // ThreadLocalHandshakesConstraintFunc handles the constraints.
3953   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ThreadLocalHandshakes) || !SafepointMechanism::supports_thread_local_poll()) {
3954     log_debug(ergo)("ThreadLocalHandshakes %s", ThreadLocalHandshakes ? "enabled." : "disabled.");
3955   } else {
3956     log_info(ergo)("ThreadLocalHandshakes %s", ThreadLocalHandshakes ? "enabled." : "disabled.");
3957   }
3958 
3959   return JNI_OK;
3960 }
3961 
3962 jint Arguments::adjust_after_os() {
3963   if (UseNUMA) {
3964     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AllocateHeapAt)) {
3965       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseNUMA, false);
3966     } else if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
3967       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes)) {
3968          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes, 64*M);
3969       }
3970     }
3971     // UseNUMAInterleaving is set to ON for all collectors and
3972     // platforms when UseNUMA is set to ON. NUMA-aware collectors
3973     // such as the parallel collector for Linux and Solaris will
3974     // interleave old gen and survivor spaces on top of NUMA
3975     // allocation policy for the eden space.
3976     // Non NUMA-aware collectors such as CMS, G1 and Serial-GC on
3977     // all platforms and ParallelGC on Windows will interleave all
3978     // of the heap spaces across NUMA nodes.
3979     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving)) {
3980       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseNUMAInterleaving, true);
3981     }
3982   }
3983   return JNI_OK;
3984 }
3985 
3986 int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
3987   int count = 0;
3988   while(pl != NULL) {
3989     count++;
3990     pl = pl->next();
3991   }
3992   return count;
3993 }
3994 
3995 // Return the number of readable properties.
3996 int Arguments::PropertyList_readable_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
3997   int count = 0;
3998   while(pl != NULL) {
3999     if (pl->is_readable()) {
4000       count++;
4001     }
4002     pl = pl->next();
4003   }
4004   return count;
4005 }
4006 
4007 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
4008   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
4009   SystemProperty* prop;
4010   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4011     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
4012   }
4013   return NULL;
4014 }
4015 
4016 // Return the value of the requested property provided that it is a readable property.
4017 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_readable_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
4018   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
4019   SystemProperty* prop;
4020   // Return the property value if the keys match and the property is not internal or
4021   // it's the special internal property "jdk.boot.class.path.append".
4022   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4023     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) {
4024       if (!prop->internal()) {
4025         return prop->value();
4026       } else if (strcmp(key, "jdk.boot.class.path.append") == 0) {
4027         return prop->value();
4028       } else {
4029         // Property is internal and not jdk.boot.class.path.append so return NULL.
4030         return NULL;
4031       }
4032     }
4033   }
4034   return NULL;
4035 }
4036 
4037 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_key_at(SystemProperty *pl, int index) {
4038   int count = 0;
4039   const char* ret_val = NULL;
4040 
4041   while(pl != NULL) {
4042     if(count >= index) {
4043       ret_val = pl->key();
4044       break;
4045     }
4046     count++;
4047     pl = pl->next();
4048   }
4049 
4050   return ret_val;
4051 }
4052 
4053 char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value_at(SystemProperty* pl, int index) {
4054   int count = 0;
4055   char* ret_val = NULL;
4056 
4057   while(pl != NULL) {
4058     if(count >= index) {
4059       ret_val = pl->value();
4060       break;
4061     }
4062     count++;
4063     pl = pl->next();
4064   }
4065 
4066   return ret_val;
4067 }
4068 
4069 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
4070   SystemProperty* p = *plist;
4071   if (p == NULL) {
4072     *plist = new_p;
4073   } else {
4074     while (p->next() != NULL) {
4075       p = p->next();
4076     }
4077     p->set_next(new_p);
4078   }
4079 }
4080 
4081 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v,
4082                                  bool writeable, bool internal) {
4083   if (plist == NULL)
4084     return;
4085 
4086   SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, writeable, internal);
4087   PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
4088 }
4089 
4090 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty *element) {
4091   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, element);
4092 }
4093 
4094 // This add maintains unique property key in the list.
4095 void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v,
4096                                         PropertyAppendable append, PropertyWriteable writeable,
4097                                         PropertyInternal internal) {
4098   if (plist == NULL)
4099     return;
4100 
4101   // If property key exist then update with new value.
4102   SystemProperty* prop;
4103   for (prop = *plist; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4104     if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
4105       if (append == AppendProperty) {
4106         prop->append_value(v);
4107       } else {
4108         prop->set_value(v);
4109       }
4110       return;
4111     }
4112   }
4113 
4114   PropertyList_add(plist, k, v, writeable == WriteableProperty, internal == InternalProperty);
4115 }
4116 
4117 // Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
4118 // Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
4119 // the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
4120 // Notes:
4121 // 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
4122 // NULL terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
4123 // pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
4124 // expanded one.
4125 // 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
4126 bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
4127                                 char* buf, size_t buflen) {
4128   const char* p = src;
4129   char* b = buf;
4130   const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
4131   char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
4132 
4133   while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
4134     if (*p == '%') {
4135       switch (*(++p)) {
4136       case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
4137         *b++ = *p++;
4138         break;
4139       case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
4140         // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
4141         // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
4142         size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
4143         int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
4144 
4145         // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
4146         // the expanded pid, returns false.
4147         if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
4148           return false;
4149         } else {
4150           b += ret;
4151           assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
4152           if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
4153             // reach the end of the buffer.
4154             return true;
4155           }
4156         }
4157         p++;
4158         break;
4159       }
4160       default :
4161         *b++ = '%';
4162       }
4163     } else {
4164       *b++ = *p++;
4165     }
4166   }
4167   *b = '\0';
4168   return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
4169 }