1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "jvm.h"
  27 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/packageEntry.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/verifier.hpp"
  33 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  34 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
  35 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  36 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  37 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  38 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  39 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  40 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
  41 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  42 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  43 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  44 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  45 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  46 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
  47 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  48 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/reflection.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/reflectionUtils.hpp"
  51 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
  53 #include "runtime/vframe.inline.hpp"
  54 
  55 static void trace_class_resolution(const Klass* to_class) {
  56   ResourceMark rm;
  57   int line_number = -1;
  58   const char * source_file = NULL;
  59   Klass* caller = NULL;
  60   JavaThread* jthread = JavaThread::current();
  61   if (jthread->has_last_Java_frame()) {
  62     vframeStream vfst(jthread);
  63     // skip over any frames belonging to java.lang.Class
  64     while (!vfst.at_end() &&
  65            vfst.method()->method_holder()->name() == vmSymbols::java_lang_Class()) {
  66       vfst.next();
  67     }
  68     if (!vfst.at_end()) {
  69       // this frame is a likely suspect
  70       caller = vfst.method()->method_holder();
  71       line_number = vfst.method()->line_number_from_bci(vfst.bci());
  72       Symbol* s = vfst.method()->method_holder()->source_file_name();
  73       if (s != NULL) {
  74         source_file = s->as_C_string();
  75       }
  76     }
  77   }
  78   if (caller != NULL) {
  79     const char * from = caller->external_name();
  80     const char * to = to_class->external_name();
  81     // print in a single call to reduce interleaving between threads
  82     if (source_file != NULL) {
  83       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s %s:%d (reflection)", from, to, source_file, line_number);
  84     } else {
  85       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s (reflection)", from, to);
  86     }
  87   }
  88 }
  89 
  90 
  91 oop Reflection::box(jvalue* value, BasicType type, TRAPS) {
  92   if (type == T_VOID) {
  93     return NULL;
  94   }
  95   if (type == T_OBJECT || type == T_ARRAY) {
  96     // regular objects are not boxed
  97     return (oop) value->l;
  98   }
  99   oop result = java_lang_boxing_object::create(type, value, CHECK_NULL);
 100   if (result == NULL) {
 101     THROW_(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), result);
 102   }
 103   return result;
 104 }
 105 
 106 
 107 BasicType Reflection::unbox_for_primitive(oop box, jvalue* value, TRAPS) {
 108   if (box == NULL) {
 109     THROW_(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), T_ILLEGAL);
 110   }
 111   return java_lang_boxing_object::get_value(box, value);
 112 }
 113 
 114 BasicType Reflection::unbox_for_regular_object(oop box, jvalue* value) {
 115   // Note:  box is really the unboxed oop.  It might even be a Short, etc.!
 116   value->l = (jobject) box;
 117   return T_OBJECT;
 118 }
 119 
 120 
 121 void Reflection::widen(jvalue* value, BasicType current_type, BasicType wide_type, TRAPS) {
 122   assert(wide_type != current_type, "widen should not be called with identical types");
 123   switch (wide_type) {
 124     case T_BOOLEAN:
 125     case T_BYTE:
 126     case T_CHAR:
 127       break;  // fail
 128     case T_SHORT:
 129       switch (current_type) {
 130         case T_BYTE:
 131           value->s = (jshort) value->b;
 132           return;
 133         default:
 134           break;
 135       }
 136       break;  // fail
 137     case T_INT:
 138       switch (current_type) {
 139         case T_BYTE:
 140           value->i = (jint) value->b;
 141           return;
 142         case T_CHAR:
 143           value->i = (jint) value->c;
 144           return;
 145         case T_SHORT:
 146           value->i = (jint) value->s;
 147           return;
 148         default:
 149           break;
 150       }
 151       break;  // fail
 152     case T_LONG:
 153       switch (current_type) {
 154         case T_BYTE:
 155           value->j = (jlong) value->b;
 156           return;
 157         case T_CHAR:
 158           value->j = (jlong) value->c;
 159           return;
 160         case T_SHORT:
 161           value->j = (jlong) value->s;
 162           return;
 163         case T_INT:
 164           value->j = (jlong) value->i;
 165           return;
 166         default:
 167           break;
 168       }
 169       break;  // fail
 170     case T_FLOAT:
 171       switch (current_type) {
 172         case T_BYTE:
 173           value->f = (jfloat) value->b;
 174           return;
 175         case T_CHAR:
 176           value->f = (jfloat) value->c;
 177           return;
 178         case T_SHORT:
 179           value->f = (jfloat) value->s;
 180           return;
 181         case T_INT:
 182           value->f = (jfloat) value->i;
 183           return;
 184         case T_LONG:
 185           value->f = (jfloat) value->j;
 186           return;
 187         default:
 188           break;
 189       }
 190       break;  // fail
 191     case T_DOUBLE:
 192       switch (current_type) {
 193         case T_BYTE:
 194           value->d = (jdouble) value->b;
 195           return;
 196         case T_CHAR:
 197           value->d = (jdouble) value->c;
 198           return;
 199         case T_SHORT:
 200           value->d = (jdouble) value->s;
 201           return;
 202         case T_INT:
 203           value->d = (jdouble) value->i;
 204           return;
 205         case T_FLOAT:
 206           value->d = (jdouble) value->f;
 207           return;
 208         case T_LONG:
 209           value->d = (jdouble) value->j;
 210           return;
 211         default:
 212           break;
 213       }
 214       break;  // fail
 215     default:
 216       break;  // fail
 217   }
 218   THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "argument type mismatch");
 219 }
 220 
 221 
 222 BasicType Reflection::array_get(jvalue* value, arrayOop a, int index, TRAPS) {
 223   if (!a->is_within_bounds(index)) {
 224     THROW_(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), T_ILLEGAL);
 225   }
 226   if (a->is_objArray()) {
 227     value->l = (jobject) objArrayOop(a)->obj_at(index);
 228     return T_OBJECT;
 229   } else {
 230     assert(a->is_typeArray(), "just checking");
 231     BasicType type = TypeArrayKlass::cast(a->klass())->element_type();
 232     switch (type) {
 233       case T_BOOLEAN:
 234         value->z = typeArrayOop(a)->bool_at(index);
 235         break;
 236       case T_CHAR:
 237         value->c = typeArrayOop(a)->char_at(index);
 238         break;
 239       case T_FLOAT:
 240         value->f = typeArrayOop(a)->float_at(index);
 241         break;
 242       case T_DOUBLE:
 243         value->d = typeArrayOop(a)->double_at(index);
 244         break;
 245       case T_BYTE:
 246         value->b = typeArrayOop(a)->byte_at(index);
 247         break;
 248       case T_SHORT:
 249         value->s = typeArrayOop(a)->short_at(index);
 250         break;
 251       case T_INT:
 252         value->i = typeArrayOop(a)->int_at(index);
 253         break;
 254       case T_LONG:
 255         value->j = typeArrayOop(a)->long_at(index);
 256         break;
 257       default:
 258         return T_ILLEGAL;
 259     }
 260     return type;
 261   }
 262 }
 263 
 264 
 265 void Reflection::array_set(jvalue* value, arrayOop a, int index, BasicType value_type, TRAPS) {
 266   if (!a->is_within_bounds(index)) {
 267     THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException());
 268   }
 269   if (a->is_objArray()) {
 270     if (value_type == T_OBJECT) {
 271       oop obj = (oop) value->l;
 272       if (obj != NULL) {
 273         Klass* element_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(a->klass())->element_klass();
 274         if (!obj->is_a(element_klass)) {
 275           THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "array element type mismatch");
 276         }
 277       }
 278       objArrayOop(a)->obj_at_put(index, obj);
 279     }
 280   } else {
 281     assert(a->is_typeArray(), "just checking");
 282     BasicType array_type = TypeArrayKlass::cast(a->klass())->element_type();
 283     if (array_type != value_type) {
 284       // The widen operation can potentially throw an exception, but cannot block,
 285       // so typeArrayOop a is safe if the call succeeds.
 286       widen(value, value_type, array_type, CHECK);
 287     }
 288     switch (array_type) {
 289       case T_BOOLEAN:
 290         typeArrayOop(a)->bool_at_put(index, value->z);
 291         break;
 292       case T_CHAR:
 293         typeArrayOop(a)->char_at_put(index, value->c);
 294         break;
 295       case T_FLOAT:
 296         typeArrayOop(a)->float_at_put(index, value->f);
 297         break;
 298       case T_DOUBLE:
 299         typeArrayOop(a)->double_at_put(index, value->d);
 300         break;
 301       case T_BYTE:
 302         typeArrayOop(a)->byte_at_put(index, value->b);
 303         break;
 304       case T_SHORT:
 305         typeArrayOop(a)->short_at_put(index, value->s);
 306         break;
 307       case T_INT:
 308         typeArrayOop(a)->int_at_put(index, value->i);
 309         break;
 310       case T_LONG:
 311         typeArrayOop(a)->long_at_put(index, value->j);
 312         break;
 313       default:
 314         THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 315     }
 316   }
 317 }
 318 
 319 static Klass* basic_type_mirror_to_arrayklass(oop basic_type_mirror, TRAPS) {
 320   assert(java_lang_Class::is_primitive(basic_type_mirror), "just checking");
 321   BasicType type = java_lang_Class::primitive_type(basic_type_mirror);
 322   if (type == T_VOID) {
 323     THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 324   }
 325   else {
 326     return Universe::typeArrayKlassObj(type);
 327   }
 328 }
 329 
 330 arrayOop Reflection::reflect_new_array(oop element_mirror, jint length, TRAPS) {
 331   if (element_mirror == NULL) {
 332     THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
 333   }
 334   if (length < 0) {
 335     THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException(), err_msg("%d", length));
 336   }
 337   if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(element_mirror)) {
 338     Klass* tak = basic_type_mirror_to_arrayklass(element_mirror, CHECK_NULL);
 339     return TypeArrayKlass::cast(tak)->allocate(length, THREAD);
 340   } else {
 341     Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(element_mirror);
 342     if (k->is_array_klass() && ArrayKlass::cast(k)->dimension() >= MAX_DIM) {
 343       THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 344     }
 345     return oopFactory::new_objArray(k, length, THREAD);
 346   }
 347 }
 348 
 349 
 350 arrayOop Reflection::reflect_new_multi_array(oop element_mirror, typeArrayOop dim_array, TRAPS) {
 351   assert(dim_array->is_typeArray(), "just checking");
 352   assert(TypeArrayKlass::cast(dim_array->klass())->element_type() == T_INT, "just checking");
 353 
 354   if (element_mirror == NULL) {
 355     THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
 356   }
 357 
 358   int len = dim_array->length();
 359   if (len <= 0 || len > MAX_DIM) {
 360     THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 361   }
 362 
 363   jint dimensions[MAX_DIM];   // C array copy of intArrayOop
 364   for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 365     int d = dim_array->int_at(i);
 366     if (d < 0) {
 367       THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException(), err_msg("%d", d));
 368     }
 369     dimensions[i] = d;
 370   }
 371 
 372   Klass* klass;
 373   int dim = len;
 374   if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(element_mirror)) {
 375     klass = basic_type_mirror_to_arrayklass(element_mirror, CHECK_NULL);
 376   } else {
 377     klass = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(element_mirror);
 378     if (klass->is_array_klass()) {
 379       int k_dim = ArrayKlass::cast(klass)->dimension();
 380       if (k_dim + len > MAX_DIM) {
 381         THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 382       }
 383       dim += k_dim;
 384     }
 385   }
 386   klass = klass->array_klass(dim, CHECK_NULL);
 387   oop obj = ArrayKlass::cast(klass)->multi_allocate(len, dimensions, CHECK_NULL);
 388   assert(obj->is_array(), "just checking");
 389   return arrayOop(obj);
 390 }
 391 
 392 
 393 static bool under_unsafe_anonymous_host(const InstanceKlass* ik, const InstanceKlass* unsafe_anonymous_host) {
 394   DEBUG_ONLY(int inf_loop_check = 1000 * 1000 * 1000);
 395   for (;;) {
 396     const InstanceKlass* hc = ik->unsafe_anonymous_host();
 397     if (hc == NULL)        return false;
 398     if (hc == unsafe_anonymous_host)  return true;
 399     ik = hc;
 400 
 401     // There's no way to make a host class loop short of patching memory.
 402     // Therefore there cannot be a loop here unless there's another bug.
 403     // Still, let's check for it.
 404     assert(--inf_loop_check > 0, "no unsafe_anonymous_host loop");
 405   }
 406 }
 407 
 408 static bool can_relax_access_check_for(const Klass* accessor,
 409                                        const Klass* accessee,
 410                                        bool classloader_only) {
 411 
 412   const InstanceKlass* accessor_ik = InstanceKlass::cast(accessor);
 413   const InstanceKlass* accessee_ik = InstanceKlass::cast(accessee);
 414 
 415   // If either is on the other's unsafe_anonymous_host chain, access is OK,
 416   // because one is inside the other.
 417   if (under_unsafe_anonymous_host(accessor_ik, accessee_ik) ||
 418     under_unsafe_anonymous_host(accessee_ik, accessor_ik))
 419     return true;
 420 
 421   if (RelaxAccessControlCheck &&
 422     accessor_ik->major_version() < Verifier::NO_RELAX_ACCESS_CTRL_CHECK_VERSION &&
 423     accessee_ik->major_version() < Verifier::NO_RELAX_ACCESS_CTRL_CHECK_VERSION) {
 424     return classloader_only &&
 425       Verifier::relax_access_for(accessor_ik->class_loader()) &&
 426       accessor_ik->protection_domain() == accessee_ik->protection_domain() &&
 427       accessor_ik->class_loader() == accessee_ik->class_loader();
 428   }
 429 
 430   return false;
 431 }
 432 
 433 /*
 434     Type Accessibility check for public types: Callee Type T is accessible to Caller Type S if:
 435 
 436                         Callee T in             Callee T in package PT,
 437                         unnamed module          runtime module MT
 438  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 439 
 440  Caller S in package     If MS is loose: YES      If same classloader/package (PS == PT): YES
 441  PS, runtime module MS   If MS can read T's       If same runtime module: (MS == MT): YES
 442                          unnamed module: YES
 443                                                   Else if (MS can read MT (establish readability) &&
 444                                                     ((MT exports PT to MS or to all modules) ||
 445                                                      (MT is open))): YES
 446 
 447  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 448  Caller S in unnamed         YES                  Readability exists because unnamed module
 449  module UM                                            "reads" all modules
 450                                                   if (MT exports PT to UM or to all modules): YES
 451 
 452  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 453 
 454  Note: a loose module is a module that can read all current and future unnamed modules.
 455 */
 456 Reflection::VerifyClassAccessResults Reflection::verify_class_access(
 457   const Klass* current_class, const InstanceKlass* new_class, bool classloader_only) {
 458 
 459   // Verify that current_class can access new_class.  If the classloader_only
 460   // flag is set, we automatically allow any accesses in which current_class
 461   // doesn't have a classloader.
 462   if ((current_class == NULL) ||
 463       (current_class == new_class) ||
 464       is_same_class_package(current_class, new_class)) {
 465     return ACCESS_OK;
 466   }
 467   // Allow all accesses from jdk/internal/reflect/MagicAccessorImpl subclasses to
 468   // succeed trivially.
 469   if (SystemDictionary::reflect_MagicAccessorImpl_klass_is_loaded() &&
 470       current_class->is_subclass_of(SystemDictionary::reflect_MagicAccessorImpl_klass())) {
 471     return ACCESS_OK;
 472   }
 473 
 474   // module boundaries
 475   if (new_class->is_public()) {
 476     // Ignore modules for DumpSharedSpaces because we do not have any package
 477     // or module information for modules other than java.base.
 478     if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
 479       return ACCESS_OK;
 480     }
 481 
 482     // Find the module entry for current_class, the accessor
 483     ModuleEntry* module_from = current_class->module();
 484     // Find the module entry for new_class, the accessee
 485     ModuleEntry* module_to = new_class->module();
 486 
 487     // both in same (possibly unnamed) module
 488     if (module_from == module_to) {
 489       return ACCESS_OK;
 490     }
 491 
 492     // Acceptable access to a type in an unnamed module. Note that since
 493     // unnamed modules can read all unnamed modules, this also handles the
 494     // case where module_from is also unnamed but in a different class loader.
 495     if (!module_to->is_named() &&
 496         (module_from->can_read_all_unnamed() || module_from->can_read(module_to))) {
 497       return ACCESS_OK;
 498     }
 499 
 500     // Establish readability, check if module_from is allowed to read module_to.
 501     if (!module_from->can_read(module_to)) {
 502       return MODULE_NOT_READABLE;
 503     }
 504 
 505     // Access is allowed if module_to is open, i.e. all its packages are unqualifiedly exported
 506     if (module_to->is_open()) {
 507       return ACCESS_OK;
 508     }
 509 
 510     PackageEntry* package_to = new_class->package();
 511     assert(package_to != NULL, "can not obtain new_class' package");
 512 
 513     {
 514       MutexLocker m1(Module_lock);
 515 
 516       // Once readability is established, if module_to exports T unqualifiedly,
 517       // (to all modules), than whether module_from is in the unnamed module
 518       // or not does not matter, access is allowed.
 519       if (package_to->is_unqual_exported()) {
 520         return ACCESS_OK;
 521       }
 522 
 523       // Access is allowed if both 1 & 2 hold:
 524       //   1. Readability, module_from can read module_to (established above).
 525       //   2. Either module_to exports T to module_from qualifiedly.
 526       //      or
 527       //      module_to exports T to all unnamed modules and module_from is unnamed.
 528       //      or
 529       //      module_to exports T unqualifiedly to all modules (checked above).
 530       if (!package_to->is_qexported_to(module_from)) {
 531         return TYPE_NOT_EXPORTED;
 532       }
 533     }
 534     return ACCESS_OK;
 535   }
 536 
 537   if (can_relax_access_check_for(current_class, new_class, classloader_only)) {
 538     return ACCESS_OK;
 539   }
 540   return OTHER_PROBLEM;
 541 }
 542 
 543 // Return an error message specific to the specified Klass*'s and result.
 544 // This function must be called from within a block containing a ResourceMark.
 545 char* Reflection::verify_class_access_msg(const Klass* current_class,
 546                                           const InstanceKlass* new_class,
 547                                           const VerifyClassAccessResults result) {
 548   assert(result != ACCESS_OK, "must be failure result");
 549   char * msg = NULL;
 550   if (result != OTHER_PROBLEM && new_class != NULL && current_class != NULL) {
 551     // Find the module entry for current_class, the accessor
 552     ModuleEntry* module_from = current_class->module();
 553     const char * module_from_name = module_from->is_named() ? module_from->name()->as_C_string() : UNNAMED_MODULE;
 554     const char * current_class_name = current_class->external_name();
 555 
 556     // Find the module entry for new_class, the accessee
 557     ModuleEntry* module_to = NULL;
 558     module_to = new_class->module();
 559     const char * module_to_name = module_to->is_named() ? module_to->name()->as_C_string() : UNNAMED_MODULE;
 560     const char * new_class_name = new_class->external_name();
 561 
 562     if (result == MODULE_NOT_READABLE) {
 563       assert(module_from->is_named(), "Unnamed modules can read all modules");
 564       if (module_to->is_named()) {
 565         size_t len = 100 + strlen(current_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_from_name) +
 566           strlen(new_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_to_name);
 567         msg = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
 568         jio_snprintf(msg, len - 1,
 569           "class %s (in module %s) cannot access class %s (in module %s) because module %s does not read module %s",
 570           current_class_name, module_from_name, new_class_name,
 571           module_to_name, module_from_name, module_to_name);
 572       } else {
 573         oop jlm = module_to->module();
 574         assert(jlm != NULL, "Null jlm in module_to ModuleEntry");
 575         intptr_t identity_hash = jlm->identity_hash();
 576         size_t len = 160 + strlen(current_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_from_name) +
 577           strlen(new_class_name) + 2*sizeof(uintx);
 578         msg = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
 579         jio_snprintf(msg, len - 1,
 580           "class %s (in module %s) cannot access class %s (in unnamed module @" SIZE_FORMAT_HEX ") because module %s does not read unnamed module @" SIZE_FORMAT_HEX,
 581           current_class_name, module_from_name, new_class_name, uintx(identity_hash),
 582           module_from_name, uintx(identity_hash));
 583       }
 584 
 585     } else if (result == TYPE_NOT_EXPORTED) {
 586       assert(new_class->package() != NULL,
 587              "Unnamed packages are always exported");
 588       const char * package_name =
 589         new_class->package()->name()->as_klass_external_name();
 590       assert(module_to->is_named(), "Unnamed modules export all packages");
 591       if (module_from->is_named()) {
 592         size_t len = 118 + strlen(current_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_from_name) +
 593           strlen(new_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_to_name) + strlen(package_name);
 594         msg = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
 595         jio_snprintf(msg, len - 1,
 596           "class %s (in module %s) cannot access class %s (in module %s) because module %s does not export %s to module %s",
 597           current_class_name, module_from_name, new_class_name,
 598           module_to_name, module_to_name, package_name, module_from_name);
 599       } else {
 600         oop jlm = module_from->module();
 601         assert(jlm != NULL, "Null jlm in module_from ModuleEntry");
 602         intptr_t identity_hash = jlm->identity_hash();
 603         size_t len = 170 + strlen(current_class_name) + strlen(new_class_name) +
 604           2*strlen(module_to_name) + strlen(package_name) + 2*sizeof(uintx);
 605         msg = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
 606         jio_snprintf(msg, len - 1,
 607           "class %s (in unnamed module @" SIZE_FORMAT_HEX ") cannot access class %s (in module %s) because module %s does not export %s to unnamed module @" SIZE_FORMAT_HEX,
 608           current_class_name, uintx(identity_hash), new_class_name, module_to_name,
 609           module_to_name, package_name, uintx(identity_hash));
 610       }
 611     } else {
 612         ShouldNotReachHere();
 613     }
 614   }  // result != OTHER_PROBLEM...
 615   return msg;
 616 }
 617 
 618 bool Reflection::verify_member_access(const Klass* current_class,
 619                                       const Klass* resolved_class,
 620                                       const Klass* member_class,
 621                                       AccessFlags access,
 622                                       bool classloader_only,
 623                                       bool protected_restriction,
 624                                       TRAPS) {
 625   // Verify that current_class can access a member of member_class, where that
 626   // field's access bits are "access".  We assume that we've already verified
 627   // that current_class can access member_class.
 628   //
 629   // If the classloader_only flag is set, we automatically allow any accesses
 630   // in which current_class doesn't have a classloader.
 631   //
 632   // "resolved_class" is the runtime type of "member_class". Sometimes we don't
 633   // need this distinction (e.g. if all we have is the runtime type, or during
 634   // class file parsing when we only care about the static type); in that case
 635   // callers should ensure that resolved_class == member_class.
 636   //
 637   if ((current_class == NULL) ||
 638       (current_class == member_class) ||
 639       access.is_public()) {
 640     return true;
 641   }
 642 
 643   const Klass* host_class = current_class;
 644   if (current_class->is_instance_klass() &&
 645       InstanceKlass::cast(current_class)->is_unsafe_anonymous()) {
 646     host_class = InstanceKlass::cast(current_class)->unsafe_anonymous_host();
 647     assert(host_class != NULL, "Unsafe anonymous class has null host class");
 648     assert(!(host_class->is_instance_klass() &&
 649            InstanceKlass::cast(host_class)->is_unsafe_anonymous()),
 650            "unsafe_anonymous_host should not be unsafe anonymous itself");
 651   }
 652   if (host_class == member_class) {
 653     return true;
 654   }
 655 
 656   if (access.is_protected()) {
 657     if (!protected_restriction) {
 658       // See if current_class (or outermost host class) is a subclass of member_class
 659       // An interface may not access protected members of j.l.Object
 660       if (!host_class->is_interface() && host_class->is_subclass_of(member_class)) {
 661         if (access.is_static() || // static fields are ok, see 6622385
 662             current_class == resolved_class ||
 663             member_class == resolved_class ||
 664             host_class->is_subclass_of(resolved_class) ||
 665             resolved_class->is_subclass_of(host_class)) {
 666           return true;
 667         }
 668       }
 669     }
 670   }
 671 
 672   // package access
 673   if (!access.is_private() && is_same_class_package(current_class, member_class)) {
 674     return true;
 675   }
 676 
 677   // private access between different classes needs a nestmate check, but
 678   // not for unsafe anonymous classes - so check host_class
 679   if (access.is_private() && host_class == current_class) {
 680     if (current_class->is_instance_klass() && member_class->is_instance_klass() ) {
 681       InstanceKlass* cur_ik = const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(InstanceKlass::cast(current_class));
 682       InstanceKlass* field_ik = const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(InstanceKlass::cast(member_class));
 683       // Nestmate access checks may require resolution and validation of the nest-host.
 684       // It is up to the caller to check for pending exceptions and handle appropriately.
 685       bool access = cur_ik->has_nestmate_access_to(field_ik, CHECK_false);
 686       if (access) {
 687         guarantee(resolved_class->is_subclass_of(member_class), "must be!");
 688         return true;
 689       }
 690     }
 691   }
 692 
 693   // Allow all accesses from jdk/internal/reflect/MagicAccessorImpl subclasses to
 694   // succeed trivially.
 695   if (current_class->is_subclass_of(SystemDictionary::reflect_MagicAccessorImpl_klass())) {
 696     return true;
 697   }
 698 
 699   // Check for special relaxations
 700   return can_relax_access_check_for(current_class, member_class, classloader_only);
 701 }
 702 
 703 bool Reflection::is_same_class_package(const Klass* class1, const Klass* class2) {
 704   return InstanceKlass::cast(class1)->is_same_class_package(class2);
 705 }
 706 
 707 // Checks that the 'outer' klass has declared 'inner' as being an inner klass. If not,
 708 // throw an incompatible class change exception
 709 // If inner_is_member, require the inner to be a member of the outer.
 710 // If !inner_is_member, require the inner to be unsafe anonymous (a non-member).
 711 // Caller is responsible for figuring out in advance which case must be true.
 712 void Reflection::check_for_inner_class(const InstanceKlass* outer, const InstanceKlass* inner,
 713                                        bool inner_is_member, TRAPS) {
 714   InnerClassesIterator iter(outer);
 715   constantPoolHandle cp   (THREAD, outer->constants());
 716   for (; !iter.done(); iter.next()) {
 717     int ioff = iter.inner_class_info_index();
 718     int ooff = iter.outer_class_info_index();
 719 
 720     if (inner_is_member && ioff != 0 && ooff != 0) {
 721       if (cp->klass_name_at_matches(outer, ooff) &&
 722           cp->klass_name_at_matches(inner, ioff)) {
 723         Klass* o = cp->klass_at(ooff, CHECK);
 724         if (o == outer) {
 725           Klass* i = cp->klass_at(ioff, CHECK);
 726           if (i == inner) {
 727             return;
 728           }
 729         }
 730       }
 731     }
 732 
 733     if (!inner_is_member && ioff != 0 && ooff == 0 &&
 734         cp->klass_name_at_matches(inner, ioff)) {
 735       Klass* i = cp->klass_at(ioff, CHECK);
 736       if (i == inner) {
 737         return;
 738       }
 739     }
 740   }
 741 
 742   // 'inner' not declared as an inner klass in outer
 743   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 744   Exceptions::fthrow(
 745     THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
 746     vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(),
 747     "%s and %s disagree on InnerClasses attribute",
 748     outer->external_name(),
 749     inner->external_name()
 750   );
 751 }
 752 
 753 // Utility method converting a single SignatureStream element into java.lang.Class instance
 754 static oop get_mirror_from_signature(const methodHandle& method,
 755                                      SignatureStream* ss,
 756                                      TRAPS) {
 757 
 758 
 759   if (T_OBJECT == ss->type() || T_ARRAY == ss->type()) {
 760     Symbol* name = ss->as_symbol(CHECK_NULL);
 761     oop loader = method->method_holder()->class_loader();
 762     oop protection_domain = method->method_holder()->protection_domain();
 763     const Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(name,
 764                                                        Handle(THREAD, loader),
 765                                                        Handle(THREAD, protection_domain),
 766                                                        true,
 767                                                        CHECK_NULL);
 768     if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve)) {
 769       trace_class_resolution(k);
 770     }
 771     return k->java_mirror();
 772   }
 773 
 774   assert(ss->type() != T_VOID || ss->at_return_type(),
 775     "T_VOID should only appear as return type");
 776 
 777   return java_lang_Class::primitive_mirror(ss->type());
 778 }
 779 
 780 static objArrayHandle get_parameter_types(const methodHandle& method,
 781                                           int parameter_count,
 782                                           oop* return_type,
 783                                           TRAPS) {
 784   // Allocate array holding parameter types (java.lang.Class instances)
 785   objArrayOop m = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Class_klass(), parameter_count, CHECK_(objArrayHandle()));
 786   objArrayHandle mirrors(THREAD, m);
 787   int index = 0;
 788   // Collect parameter types
 789   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 790   Symbol*  signature = method->signature();
 791   SignatureStream ss(signature);
 792   while (!ss.at_return_type()) {
 793     oop mirror = get_mirror_from_signature(method, &ss, CHECK_(objArrayHandle()));
 794     mirrors->obj_at_put(index++, mirror);
 795     ss.next();
 796   }
 797   assert(index == parameter_count, "invalid parameter count");
 798   if (return_type != NULL) {
 799     // Collect return type as well
 800     assert(ss.at_return_type(), "return type should be present");
 801     *return_type = get_mirror_from_signature(method, &ss, CHECK_(objArrayHandle()));
 802   }
 803   return mirrors;
 804 }
 805 
 806 static objArrayHandle get_exception_types(const methodHandle& method, TRAPS) {
 807   return method->resolved_checked_exceptions(THREAD);
 808 }
 809 
 810 static Handle new_type(Symbol* signature, Klass* k, TRAPS) {
 811   // Basic types
 812   BasicType type = vmSymbols::signature_type(signature);
 813   if (type != T_OBJECT) {
 814     return Handle(THREAD, Universe::java_mirror(type));
 815   }
 816 
 817   Klass* result =
 818     SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(signature,
 819                                       Handle(THREAD, k->class_loader()),
 820                                       Handle(THREAD, k->protection_domain()),
 821                                       true, CHECK_(Handle()));
 822 
 823   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve)) {
 824     trace_class_resolution(result);
 825   }
 826 
 827   oop nt = result->java_mirror();
 828   return Handle(THREAD, nt);
 829 }
 830 
 831 
 832 oop Reflection::new_method(const methodHandle& method, bool for_constant_pool_access, TRAPS) {
 833   // Allow sun.reflect.ConstantPool to refer to <clinit> methods as java.lang.reflect.Methods.
 834   assert(!method()->is_initializer() ||
 835          (for_constant_pool_access && method()->is_static()),
 836          "should call new_constructor instead");
 837   InstanceKlass* holder = method->method_holder();
 838   int slot = method->method_idnum();
 839 
 840   Symbol*  signature  = method->signature();
 841   int parameter_count = ArgumentCount(signature).size();
 842   oop return_type_oop = NULL;
 843   objArrayHandle parameter_types = get_parameter_types(method, parameter_count, &return_type_oop, CHECK_NULL);
 844   if (parameter_types.is_null() || return_type_oop == NULL) return NULL;
 845 
 846   Handle return_type(THREAD, return_type_oop);
 847 
 848   objArrayHandle exception_types = get_exception_types(method, CHECK_NULL);
 849 
 850   if (exception_types.is_null()) return NULL;
 851 
 852   Symbol*  method_name = method->name();
 853   oop name_oop = StringTable::intern(method_name, CHECK_NULL);
 854   Handle name = Handle(THREAD, name_oop);
 855   if (name == NULL) return NULL;
 856 
 857   const int modifiers = method->access_flags().as_int() & JVM_RECOGNIZED_METHOD_MODIFIERS;
 858 
 859   Handle mh = java_lang_reflect_Method::create(CHECK_NULL);
 860 
 861   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_clazz(mh(), holder->java_mirror());
 862   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_slot(mh(), slot);
 863   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_name(mh(), name());
 864   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_return_type(mh(), return_type());
 865   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_parameter_types(mh(), parameter_types());
 866   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_exception_types(mh(), exception_types());
 867   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_modifiers(mh(), modifiers);
 868   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_override(mh(), false);
 869   if (method->generic_signature() != NULL) {
 870     Symbol*  gs = method->generic_signature();
 871     Handle sig = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(gs, CHECK_NULL);
 872     java_lang_reflect_Method::set_signature(mh(), sig());
 873   }
 874   typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 875   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_annotations(mh(), an_oop);
 876   an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->parameter_annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 877   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_parameter_annotations(mh(), an_oop);
 878   an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->annotation_default(), CHECK_NULL);
 879   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_annotation_default(mh(), an_oop);
 880   return mh();
 881 }
 882 
 883 
 884 oop Reflection::new_constructor(const methodHandle& method, TRAPS) {
 885   assert(method()->is_initializer(), "should call new_method instead");
 886 
 887   InstanceKlass* holder = method->method_holder();
 888   int slot = method->method_idnum();
 889 
 890   Symbol*  signature  = method->signature();
 891   int parameter_count = ArgumentCount(signature).size();
 892   objArrayHandle parameter_types = get_parameter_types(method, parameter_count, NULL, CHECK_NULL);
 893   if (parameter_types.is_null()) return NULL;
 894 
 895   objArrayHandle exception_types = get_exception_types(method, CHECK_NULL);
 896   if (exception_types.is_null()) return NULL;
 897 
 898   const int modifiers = method->access_flags().as_int() & JVM_RECOGNIZED_METHOD_MODIFIERS;
 899 
 900   Handle ch = java_lang_reflect_Constructor::create(CHECK_NULL);
 901 
 902   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_clazz(ch(), holder->java_mirror());
 903   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_slot(ch(), slot);
 904   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_parameter_types(ch(), parameter_types());
 905   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_exception_types(ch(), exception_types());
 906   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_modifiers(ch(), modifiers);
 907   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_override(ch(), false);
 908   if (method->generic_signature() != NULL) {
 909     Symbol*  gs = method->generic_signature();
 910     Handle sig = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(gs, CHECK_NULL);
 911     java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_signature(ch(), sig());
 912   }
 913   typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 914   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_annotations(ch(), an_oop);
 915   an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->parameter_annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 916   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_parameter_annotations(ch(), an_oop);
 917   return ch();
 918 }
 919 
 920 
 921 oop Reflection::new_field(fieldDescriptor* fd, TRAPS) {
 922   Symbol*  field_name = fd->name();
 923   oop name_oop = StringTable::intern(field_name, CHECK_NULL);
 924   Handle name = Handle(THREAD, name_oop);
 925   Symbol*  signature  = fd->signature();
 926   InstanceKlass* holder = fd->field_holder();
 927   Handle type = new_type(signature, holder, CHECK_NULL);
 928   Handle rh  = java_lang_reflect_Field::create(CHECK_NULL);
 929 
 930   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_clazz(rh(), fd->field_holder()->java_mirror());
 931   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_slot(rh(), fd->index());
 932   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_name(rh(), name());
 933   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_type(rh(), type());
 934   // Note the ACC_ANNOTATION bit, which is a per-class access flag, is never set here.
 935   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_modifiers(rh(), fd->access_flags().as_int() & JVM_RECOGNIZED_FIELD_MODIFIERS);
 936   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_override(rh(), false);
 937   if (fd->has_generic_signature()) {
 938     Symbol*  gs = fd->generic_signature();
 939     Handle sig = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(gs, CHECK_NULL);
 940     java_lang_reflect_Field::set_signature(rh(), sig());
 941   }
 942   typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(fd->annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 943   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_annotations(rh(), an_oop);
 944   return rh();
 945 }
 946 
 947 oop Reflection::new_parameter(Handle method, int index, Symbol* sym,
 948                               int flags, TRAPS) {
 949 
 950   Handle rh = java_lang_reflect_Parameter::create(CHECK_NULL);
 951 
 952   if(NULL != sym) {
 953     Handle name = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(sym, CHECK_NULL);
 954     java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_name(rh(), name());
 955   } else {
 956     java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_name(rh(), NULL);
 957   }
 958 
 959   java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_modifiers(rh(), flags);
 960   java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_executable(rh(), method());
 961   java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_index(rh(), index);
 962   return rh();
 963 }
 964 
 965 
 966 static methodHandle resolve_interface_call(InstanceKlass* klass,
 967                                            const methodHandle& method,
 968                                            Klass* recv_klass,
 969                                            Handle receiver,
 970                                            TRAPS) {
 971 
 972   assert(!method.is_null() , "method should not be null");
 973 
 974   CallInfo info;
 975   Symbol*  signature  = method->signature();
 976   Symbol*  name       = method->name();
 977   LinkResolver::resolve_interface_call(info, receiver, recv_klass,
 978                                        LinkInfo(klass, name, signature),
 979                                        true,
 980                                        CHECK_(methodHandle()));
 981   return info.selected_method();
 982 }
 983 
 984 // Conversion
 985 static BasicType basic_type_mirror_to_basic_type(oop basic_type_mirror, TRAPS) {
 986   assert(java_lang_Class::is_primitive(basic_type_mirror),
 987     "just checking");
 988   return java_lang_Class::primitive_type(basic_type_mirror);
 989 }
 990 
 991 // Narrowing of basic types. Used to create correct jvalues for
 992 // boolean, byte, char and short return return values from interpreter
 993 // which are returned as ints. Throws IllegalArgumentException.
 994 static void narrow(jvalue* value, BasicType narrow_type, TRAPS) {
 995   switch (narrow_type) {
 996   case T_BOOLEAN:
 997     value->z = (jboolean) (value->i & 1);
 998     return;
 999   case T_BYTE:
1000     value->b = (jbyte)value->i;
1001     return;
1002   case T_CHAR:
1003     value->c = (jchar)value->i;
1004     return;
1005   case T_SHORT:
1006     value->s = (jshort)value->i;
1007     return;
1008   default:
1009     break; // fail
1010   }
1011   THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "argument type mismatch");
1012 }
1013 
1014 
1015 // Method call (shared by invoke_method and invoke_constructor)
1016 static oop invoke(InstanceKlass* klass,
1017                   const methodHandle& reflected_method,
1018                   Handle receiver,
1019                   bool override,
1020                   objArrayHandle ptypes,
1021                   BasicType rtype,
1022                   objArrayHandle args,
1023                   bool is_method_invoke,
1024                   TRAPS) {
1025 
1026   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1027 
1028   methodHandle method;      // actual method to invoke
1029   Klass* target_klass;      // target klass, receiver's klass for non-static
1030 
1031   // Ensure klass is initialized
1032   klass->initialize(CHECK_NULL);
1033 
1034   bool is_static = reflected_method->is_static();
1035   if (is_static) {
1036     // ignore receiver argument
1037     method = reflected_method;
1038     target_klass = klass;
1039   } else {
1040     // check for null receiver
1041     if (receiver.is_null()) {
1042       THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
1043     }
1044     // Check class of receiver against class declaring method
1045     if (!receiver->is_a(klass)) {
1046       THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "object is not an instance of declaring class");
1047     }
1048     // target klass is receiver's klass
1049     target_klass = receiver->klass();
1050     // no need to resolve if method is private or <init>
1051     if (reflected_method->is_private() || reflected_method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
1052       method = reflected_method;
1053     } else {
1054       // resolve based on the receiver
1055       if (reflected_method->method_holder()->is_interface()) {
1056         // resolve interface call
1057         //
1058         // Match resolution errors with those thrown due to reflection inlining
1059         // Linktime resolution & IllegalAccessCheck already done by Class.getMethod()
1060         method = resolve_interface_call(klass, reflected_method, target_klass, receiver, THREAD);
1061         if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1062           // Method resolution threw an exception; wrap it in an InvocationTargetException
1063           oop resolution_exception = PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1064           CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1065           // JVMTI has already reported the pending exception
1066           // JVMTI internal flag reset is needed in order to report InvocationTargetException
1067           if (THREAD->is_Java_thread()) {
1068             JvmtiExport::clear_detected_exception((JavaThread*)THREAD);
1069           }
1070           JavaCallArguments args(Handle(THREAD, resolution_exception));
1071           THROW_ARG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_reflect_InvocationTargetException(),
1072                       vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature(),
1073                       &args);
1074         }
1075       }  else {
1076         // if the method can be overridden, we resolve using the vtable index.
1077         assert(!reflected_method->has_itable_index(), "");
1078         int index = reflected_method->vtable_index();
1079         method = reflected_method;
1080         if (index != Method::nonvirtual_vtable_index) {
1081           method = methodHandle(THREAD, target_klass->method_at_vtable(index));
1082         }
1083         if (!method.is_null()) {
1084           // Check for abstract methods as well
1085           if (method->is_abstract()) {
1086             // new default: 6531596
1087             ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1088             Handle h_origexception = Exceptions::new_exception(THREAD,
1089               vmSymbols::java_lang_AbstractMethodError(),
1090               Method::name_and_sig_as_C_string(target_klass,
1091               method->name(),
1092               method->signature()));
1093             JavaCallArguments args(h_origexception);
1094             THROW_ARG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_reflect_InvocationTargetException(),
1095               vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature(),
1096               &args);
1097           }
1098         }
1099       }
1100     }
1101   }
1102 
1103   // I believe this is a ShouldNotGetHere case which requires
1104   // an internal vtable bug. If you ever get this please let Karen know.
1105   if (method.is_null()) {
1106     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1107     THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchMethodError(),
1108                 Method::name_and_sig_as_C_string(klass,
1109                 reflected_method->name(),
1110                 reflected_method->signature()));
1111   }
1112 
1113   assert(ptypes->is_objArray(), "just checking");
1114   int args_len = args.is_null() ? 0 : args->length();
1115   // Check number of arguments
1116   if (ptypes->length() != args_len) {
1117     THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(),
1118                 "wrong number of arguments");
1119   }
1120 
1121   // Create object to contain parameters for the JavaCall
1122   JavaCallArguments java_args(method->size_of_parameters());
1123 
1124   if (!is_static) {
1125     java_args.push_oop(receiver);
1126   }
1127 
1128   for (int i = 0; i < args_len; i++) {
1129     oop type_mirror = ptypes->obj_at(i);
1130     oop arg = args->obj_at(i);
1131     if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(type_mirror)) {
1132       jvalue value;
1133       BasicType ptype = basic_type_mirror_to_basic_type(type_mirror, CHECK_NULL);
1134       BasicType atype = Reflection::unbox_for_primitive(arg, &value, CHECK_NULL);
1135       if (ptype != atype) {
1136         Reflection::widen(&value, atype, ptype, CHECK_NULL);
1137       }
1138       switch (ptype) {
1139         case T_BOOLEAN:     java_args.push_int(value.z);    break;
1140         case T_CHAR:        java_args.push_int(value.c);    break;
1141         case T_BYTE:        java_args.push_int(value.b);    break;
1142         case T_SHORT:       java_args.push_int(value.s);    break;
1143         case T_INT:         java_args.push_int(value.i);    break;
1144         case T_LONG:        java_args.push_long(value.j);   break;
1145         case T_FLOAT:       java_args.push_float(value.f);  break;
1146         case T_DOUBLE:      java_args.push_double(value.d); break;
1147         default:
1148           THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "argument type mismatch");
1149       }
1150     } else {
1151       if (arg != NULL) {
1152         Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(type_mirror);
1153         if (!arg->is_a(k)) {
1154           THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(),
1155                       "argument type mismatch");
1156         }
1157       }
1158       Handle arg_handle(THREAD, arg);         // Create handle for argument
1159       java_args.push_oop(arg_handle); // Push handle
1160     }
1161   }
1162 
1163   assert(java_args.size_of_parameters() == method->size_of_parameters(),
1164     "just checking");
1165 
1166   // All oops (including receiver) is passed in as Handles. An potential oop is returned as an
1167   // oop (i.e., NOT as an handle)
1168   JavaValue result(rtype);
1169   JavaCalls::call(&result, method, &java_args, THREAD);
1170 
1171   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1172     // Method threw an exception; wrap it in an InvocationTargetException
1173     oop target_exception = PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1174     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1175     // JVMTI has already reported the pending exception
1176     // JVMTI internal flag reset is needed in order to report InvocationTargetException
1177     if (THREAD->is_Java_thread()) {
1178       JvmtiExport::clear_detected_exception((JavaThread*)THREAD);
1179     }
1180 
1181     JavaCallArguments args(Handle(THREAD, target_exception));
1182     THROW_ARG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_reflect_InvocationTargetException(),
1183                 vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature(),
1184                 &args);
1185   } else {
1186     if (rtype == T_BOOLEAN || rtype == T_BYTE || rtype == T_CHAR || rtype == T_SHORT) {
1187       narrow((jvalue*)result.get_value_addr(), rtype, CHECK_NULL);
1188     }
1189     return Reflection::box((jvalue*)result.get_value_addr(), rtype, THREAD);
1190   }
1191 }
1192 
1193 // This would be nicer if, say, java.lang.reflect.Method was a subclass
1194 // of java.lang.reflect.Constructor
1195 
1196 oop Reflection::invoke_method(oop method_mirror, Handle receiver, objArrayHandle args, TRAPS) {
1197   oop mirror             = java_lang_reflect_Method::clazz(method_mirror);
1198   int slot               = java_lang_reflect_Method::slot(method_mirror);
1199   bool override          = java_lang_reflect_Method::override(method_mirror) != 0;
1200   objArrayHandle ptypes(THREAD, objArrayOop(java_lang_reflect_Method::parameter_types(method_mirror)));
1201 
1202   oop return_type_mirror = java_lang_reflect_Method::return_type(method_mirror);
1203   BasicType rtype;
1204   if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(return_type_mirror)) {
1205     rtype = basic_type_mirror_to_basic_type(return_type_mirror, CHECK_NULL);
1206   } else {
1207     rtype = T_OBJECT;
1208   }
1209 
1210   InstanceKlass* klass = InstanceKlass::cast(java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror));
1211   Method* m = klass->method_with_idnum(slot);
1212   if (m == NULL) {
1213     THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), "invoke");
1214   }
1215   methodHandle method(THREAD, m);
1216 
1217   return invoke(klass, method, receiver, override, ptypes, rtype, args, true, THREAD);
1218 }
1219 
1220 
1221 oop Reflection::invoke_constructor(oop constructor_mirror, objArrayHandle args, TRAPS) {
1222   oop mirror             = java_lang_reflect_Constructor::clazz(constructor_mirror);
1223   int slot               = java_lang_reflect_Constructor::slot(constructor_mirror);
1224   bool override          = java_lang_reflect_Constructor::override(constructor_mirror) != 0;
1225   objArrayHandle ptypes(THREAD, objArrayOop(java_lang_reflect_Constructor::parameter_types(constructor_mirror)));
1226 
1227   InstanceKlass* klass = InstanceKlass::cast(java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror));
1228   Method* m = klass->method_with_idnum(slot);
1229   if (m == NULL) {
1230     THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), "invoke");
1231   }
1232   methodHandle method(THREAD, m);
1233   assert(method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(), "invalid constructor");
1234 
1235   // Make sure klass gets initialize
1236   klass->initialize(CHECK_NULL);
1237 
1238   // Create new instance (the receiver)
1239   klass->check_valid_for_instantiation(false, CHECK_NULL);
1240   Handle receiver = klass->allocate_instance_handle(CHECK_NULL);
1241 
1242   // Ignore result from call and return receiver
1243   invoke(klass, method, receiver, override, ptypes, T_VOID, args, false, CHECK_NULL);
1244   return receiver();
1245 }