1 /*
   2  * Copyright 1997-2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
  20  * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
  21  * have any questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 // The system dictionary stores all loaded classes and maps:
  26 //
  27 //   [class name,class loader] -> class   i.e.  [symbolOop,oop] -> klassOop
  28 //
  29 // Classes are loaded lazily. The default VM class loader is
  30 // represented as NULL.
  31 
  32 // The underlying data structure is an open hash table with a fixed number
  33 // of buckets. During loading the loader object is locked, (for the VM loader
  34 // a private lock object is used). Class loading can thus be done concurrently,
  35 // but only by different loaders.
  36 //
  37 // During loading a placeholder (name, loader) is temporarily placed in
  38 // a side data structure, and is used to detect ClassCircularityErrors
  39 // and to perform verification during GC.  A GC can occur in the midst
  40 // of class loading, as we call out to Java, have to take locks, etc.
  41 //
  42 // When class loading is finished, a new entry is added to the system
  43 // dictionary and the place holder is removed. Note that the protection
  44 // domain field of the system dictionary has not yet been filled in when
  45 // the "real" system dictionary entry is created.
  46 //
  47 // Clients of this class who are interested in finding if a class has
  48 // been completely loaded -- not classes in the process of being loaded --
  49 // can read the SystemDictionary unlocked. This is safe because
  50 //    - entries are only deleted at safepoints
  51 //    - readers cannot come to a safepoint while actively examining
  52 //         an entry  (an entry cannot be deleted from under a reader)
  53 //    - entries must be fully formed before they are available to concurrent
  54 //         readers (we must ensure write ordering)
  55 //
  56 // Note that placeholders are deleted at any time, as they are removed
  57 // when a class is completely loaded. Therefore, readers as well as writers
  58 // of placeholders must hold the SystemDictionary_lock.
  59 //
  60 
  61 class Dictionary;
  62 class PlaceholderTable;
  63 class LoaderConstraintTable;
  64 class HashtableBucket;
  65 class ResolutionErrorTable;
  66 class SymbolPropertyTable;
  67 
  68 // Certain classes are preloaded, such as java.lang.Object and java.lang.String.
  69 // They are all "well-known", in the sense that no class loader is allowed
  70 // to provide a different definition.
  71 //
  72 // These klasses must all have names defined in vmSymbols.
  73 
  74 #define WK_KLASS_ENUM_NAME(kname)    kname##_knum
  75 
  76 // Each well-known class has a short klass name (like object_klass),
  77 // a vmSymbol name (like java_lang_Object), and a flag word
  78 // that makes some minor distinctions, like whether the klass
  79 // is preloaded, optional, release-specific, etc.
  80 // The order of these definitions is significant; it is the order in which
  81 // preloading is actually performed by initialize_preloaded_classes.
  82 
  83 #define WK_KLASSES_DO(template)                                               \
  84   /* well-known classes */                                                    \
  85   template(object_klass,                 java_lang_Object,               Pre) \
  86   template(string_klass,                 java_lang_String,               Pre) \
  87   template(class_klass,                  java_lang_Class,                Pre) \
  88   template(cloneable_klass,              java_lang_Cloneable,            Pre) \
  89   template(classloader_klass,            java_lang_ClassLoader,          Pre) \
  90   template(serializable_klass,           java_io_Serializable,           Pre) \
  91   template(system_klass,                 java_lang_System,               Pre) \
  92   template(throwable_klass,              java_lang_Throwable,            Pre) \
  93   template(error_klass,                  java_lang_Error,                Pre) \
  94   template(threaddeath_klass,            java_lang_ThreadDeath,          Pre) \
  95   template(exception_klass,              java_lang_Exception,            Pre) \
  96   template(runtime_exception_klass,      java_lang_RuntimeException,     Pre) \
  97   template(protectionDomain_klass,       java_security_ProtectionDomain, Pre) \
  98   template(AccessControlContext_klass,   java_security_AccessControlContext, Pre) \
  99   template(classNotFoundException_klass, java_lang_ClassNotFoundException, Pre) \
 100   template(noClassDefFoundError_klass,   java_lang_NoClassDefFoundError, Pre) \
 101   template(linkageError_klass,           java_lang_LinkageError,         Pre) \
 102   template(ClassCastException_klass,     java_lang_ClassCastException,   Pre) \
 103   template(ArrayStoreException_klass,    java_lang_ArrayStoreException,  Pre) \
 104   template(virtualMachineError_klass,    java_lang_VirtualMachineError,  Pre) \
 105   template(OutOfMemoryError_klass,       java_lang_OutOfMemoryError,     Pre) \
 106   template(StackOverflowError_klass,     java_lang_StackOverflowError,   Pre) \
 107   template(IllegalMonitorStateException_klass, java_lang_IllegalMonitorStateException, Pre) \
 108   template(reference_klass,              java_lang_ref_Reference,        Pre) \
 109                                                                               \
 110   /* Preload ref klasses and set reference types */                           \
 111   template(soft_reference_klass,         java_lang_ref_SoftReference,    Pre) \
 112   template(weak_reference_klass,         java_lang_ref_WeakReference,    Pre) \
 113   template(final_reference_klass,        java_lang_ref_FinalReference,   Pre) \
 114   template(phantom_reference_klass,      java_lang_ref_PhantomReference, Pre) \
 115   template(finalizer_klass,              java_lang_ref_Finalizer,        Pre) \
 116                                                                               \
 117   template(thread_klass,                 java_lang_Thread,               Pre) \
 118   template(threadGroup_klass,            java_lang_ThreadGroup,          Pre) \
 119   template(properties_klass,             java_util_Properties,           Pre) \
 120   template(reflect_accessible_object_klass, java_lang_reflect_AccessibleObject, Pre) \
 121   template(reflect_field_klass,          java_lang_reflect_Field,        Pre) \
 122   template(reflect_method_klass,         java_lang_reflect_Method,       Pre) \
 123   template(reflect_constructor_klass,    java_lang_reflect_Constructor,  Pre) \
 124                                                                               \
 125   /* NOTE: needed too early in bootstrapping process to have checks based on JDK version */ \
 126   /* Universe::is_gte_jdk14x_version() is not set up by this point. */        \
 127   /* It's okay if this turns out to be NULL in non-1.4 JDKs. */               \
 128   template(reflect_magic_klass,          sun_reflect_MagicAccessorImpl,  Opt) \
 129   template(reflect_method_accessor_klass, sun_reflect_MethodAccessorImpl, Opt_Only_JDK14NewRef) \
 130   template(reflect_constructor_accessor_klass, sun_reflect_ConstructorAccessorImpl, Opt_Only_JDK14NewRef) \
 131   template(reflect_delegating_classloader_klass, sun_reflect_DelegatingClassLoader, Opt) \
 132   template(reflect_constant_pool_klass,  sun_reflect_ConstantPool,       Opt_Only_JDK15) \
 133   template(reflect_unsafe_static_field_accessor_impl_klass, sun_reflect_UnsafeStaticFieldAccessorImpl, Opt_Only_JDK15) \
 134                                                                               \
 135   /* support for dynamic typing; it's OK if these are NULL in earlier JDKs */ \
 136   template(MethodHandle_klass,           java_dyn_MethodHandle,          Opt) \
 137   template(MemberName_klass,             sun_dyn_MemberName,             Opt) \
 138   template(MethodHandleImpl_klass,       sun_dyn_MethodHandleImpl,       Opt) \
 139   template(AdapterMethodHandle_klass,    sun_dyn_AdapterMethodHandle,    Opt) \
 140   template(BoundMethodHandle_klass,      sun_dyn_BoundMethodHandle,      Opt) \
 141   template(DirectMethodHandle_klass,     sun_dyn_DirectMethodHandle,     Opt) \
 142   template(MethodType_klass,             java_dyn_MethodType,            Opt) \
 143   template(MethodTypeForm_klass,         java_dyn_MethodTypeForm,        Opt) \
 144   template(WrongMethodTypeException_klass, java_dyn_WrongMethodTypeException, Opt) \
 145   template(Linkage_klass,                java_dyn_Linkage,               Opt) \
 146   template(CallSite_klass,               java_dyn_CallSite,              Opt) \
 147   template(InvokeDynamic_klass,          java_dyn_InvokeDynamic,         Opt) \
 148   /* Note: MethodHandle must be first, and Dynamic last in group */           \
 149                                                                               \
 150   template(vector_klass,                 java_util_Vector,               Pre) \
 151   template(hashtable_klass,              java_util_Hashtable,            Pre) \
 152   template(stringBuffer_klass,           java_lang_StringBuffer,         Pre) \
 153                                                                               \
 154   /* It's NULL in non-1.4 JDKs. */                                            \
 155   template(stackTraceElement_klass,      java_lang_StackTraceElement,    Opt) \
 156   /* Universe::is_gte_jdk14x_version() is not set up by this point. */        \
 157   /* It's okay if this turns out to be NULL in non-1.4 JDKs. */               \
 158   template(java_nio_Buffer_klass,        java_nio_Buffer,                Opt) \
 159                                                                               \
 160   /* If this class isn't present, it won't be referenced. */                  \
 161   template(sun_misc_AtomicLongCSImpl_klass, sun_misc_AtomicLongCSImpl,   Opt) \
 162                                                                               \
 163   template(sun_jkernel_DownloadManager_klass, sun_jkernel_DownloadManager, Opt_Kernel) \
 164                                                                               \
 165   /* Preload boxing klasses */                                                \
 166   template(boolean_klass,                java_lang_Boolean,              Pre) \
 167   template(char_klass,                   java_lang_Character,            Pre) \
 168   template(float_klass,                  java_lang_Float,                Pre) \
 169   template(double_klass,                 java_lang_Double,               Pre) \
 170   template(byte_klass,                   java_lang_Byte,                 Pre) \
 171   template(short_klass,                  java_lang_Short,                Pre) \
 172   template(int_klass,                    java_lang_Integer,              Pre) \
 173   template(long_klass,                   java_lang_Long,                 Pre) \
 174   /*end*/
 175 
 176 
 177 class SystemDictionary : AllStatic {
 178   friend class VMStructs;
 179   friend class CompactingPermGenGen;
 180   friend class SystemDictionaryHandles;
 181   NOT_PRODUCT(friend class instanceKlassKlass;)
 182 
 183  public:
 184   enum WKID {
 185     NO_WKID = 0,
 186 
 187     #define WK_KLASS_ENUM(name, ignore_s, ignore_o) WK_KLASS_ENUM_NAME(name),
 188     WK_KLASSES_DO(WK_KLASS_ENUM)
 189     #undef WK_KLASS_ENUM
 190 
 191     WKID_LIMIT,
 192 
 193     FIRST_WKID = NO_WKID + 1
 194   };
 195 
 196   enum InitOption {
 197     Pre,                        // preloaded; error if not present
 198 
 199     // Order is significant.  Options before this point require resolve_or_fail.
 200     // Options after this point will use resolve_or_null instead.
 201 
 202     Opt,                        // preload tried; NULL if not present
 203     Opt_Only_JDK14NewRef,       // preload tried; use only with NewReflection
 204     Opt_Only_JDK15,             // preload tried; use only with JDK1.5+
 205     Opt_Kernel,                 // preload tried only #ifdef KERNEL
 206     OPTION_LIMIT,
 207     CEIL_LG_OPTION_LIMIT = 4    // OPTION_LIMIT <= (1<<CEIL_LG_OPTION_LIMIT)
 208   };
 209 
 210 
 211   // Returns a class with a given class name and class loader.  Loads the
 212   // class if needed. If not found a NoClassDefFoundError or a
 213   // ClassNotFoundException is thrown, depending on the value on the
 214   // throw_error flag.  For most uses the throw_error argument should be set
 215   // to true.
 216 
 217   static klassOop resolve_or_fail(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, bool throw_error, TRAPS);
 218   // Convenient call for null loader and protection domain.
 219   static klassOop resolve_or_fail(symbolHandle class_name, bool throw_error, TRAPS);
 220 private:
 221   // handle error translation for resolve_or_null results
 222   static klassOop handle_resolution_exception(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, bool throw_error, KlassHandle klass_h, TRAPS);
 223 
 224 public:
 225 
 226   // Returns a class with a given class name and class loader.
 227   // Loads the class if needed. If not found NULL is returned.
 228   static klassOop resolve_or_null(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, TRAPS);
 229   // Version with null loader and protection domain
 230   static klassOop resolve_or_null(symbolHandle class_name, TRAPS);
 231 
 232   // Resolve a superclass or superinterface. Called from ClassFileParser,
 233   // parse_interfaces, resolve_instance_class_or_null, load_shared_class
 234   // "child_name" is the class whose super class or interface is being resolved.
 235   static klassOop resolve_super_or_fail(symbolHandle child_name,
 236                                         symbolHandle class_name,
 237                                         Handle class_loader,
 238                                         Handle protection_domain,
 239                                         bool is_superclass,
 240                                         TRAPS);
 241 
 242   // Parse new stream. This won't update the system dictionary or
 243   // class hierarchy, simply parse the stream. Used by JVMTI RedefineClasses.
 244   static klassOop parse_stream(symbolHandle class_name,
 245                                Handle class_loader,
 246                                Handle protection_domain,
 247                                ClassFileStream* st,
 248                                TRAPS) {
 249     KlassHandle nullHandle;
 250     return parse_stream(class_name, class_loader, protection_domain, st, nullHandle, NULL, THREAD);
 251   }
 252   static klassOop parse_stream(symbolHandle class_name,
 253                                Handle class_loader,
 254                                Handle protection_domain,
 255                                ClassFileStream* st,
 256                                KlassHandle host_klass,
 257                                GrowableArray<Handle>* cp_patches,
 258                                TRAPS);
 259 
 260   // Resolve from stream (called by jni_DefineClass and JVM_DefineClass)
 261   static klassOop resolve_from_stream(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader,
 262                                       Handle protection_domain,
 263                                       ClassFileStream* st, bool verify, TRAPS);
 264 
 265   // Lookup an already loaded class. If not found NULL is returned.
 266   static klassOop find(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, TRAPS);
 267 
 268   // Lookup an already loaded instance or array class.
 269   // Do not make any queries to class loaders; consult only the cache.
 270   // If not found NULL is returned.
 271   static klassOop find_instance_or_array_klass(symbolHandle class_name,
 272                                                Handle class_loader,
 273                                                Handle protection_domain,
 274                                                TRAPS);
 275 
 276   // If the given name is known to vmSymbols, return the well-know klass:
 277   static klassOop find_well_known_klass(symbolOop class_name);
 278 
 279   // Lookup an instance or array class that has already been loaded
 280   // either into the given class loader, or else into another class
 281   // loader that is constrained (via loader constraints) to produce
 282   // a consistent class.  Do not take protection domains into account.
 283   // Do not make any queries to class loaders; consult only the cache.
 284   // Return NULL if the class is not found.
 285   //
 286   // This function is a strict superset of find_instance_or_array_klass.
 287   // This function (the unchecked version) makes a conservative prediction
 288   // of the result of the checked version, assuming successful lookup.
 289   // If both functions return non-null, they must return the same value.
 290   // Also, the unchecked version may sometimes be non-null where the
 291   // checked version is null.  This can occur in several ways:
 292   //   1. No query has yet been made to the class loader.
 293   //   2. The class loader was queried, but chose not to delegate.
 294   //   3. ClassLoader.checkPackageAccess rejected a proposed protection domain.
 295   //   4. Loading was attempted, but there was a linkage error of some sort.
 296   // In all of these cases, the loader constraints on this type are
 297   // satisfied, and it is safe for classes in the given class loader
 298   // to manipulate strongly-typed values of the found class, subject
 299   // to local linkage and access checks.
 300   static klassOop find_constrained_instance_or_array_klass(symbolHandle class_name,
 301                                                            Handle class_loader,
 302                                                            TRAPS);
 303 
 304   // Iterate over all klasses in dictionary
 305   //   Just the classes from defining class loaders
 306   static void classes_do(void f(klassOop));
 307   // Added for initialize_itable_for_klass to handle exceptions
 308   static void classes_do(void f(klassOop, TRAPS), TRAPS);
 309   //   All classes, and their class loaders
 310   static void classes_do(void f(klassOop, oop));
 311   //   All classes, and their class loaders
 312   //   (added for helpers that use HandleMarks and ResourceMarks)
 313   static void classes_do(void f(klassOop, oop, TRAPS), TRAPS);
 314   // All entries in the placeholder table and their class loaders
 315   static void placeholders_do(void f(symbolOop, oop));
 316 
 317   // Iterate over all methods in all klasses in dictionary
 318   static void methods_do(void f(methodOop));
 319 
 320   // Garbage collection support
 321 
 322   // This method applies "blk->do_oop" to all the pointers to "system"
 323   // classes and loaders.
 324   static void always_strong_oops_do(OopClosure* blk);
 325   static void always_strong_classes_do(OopClosure* blk);
 326   // This method applies "blk->do_oop" to all the placeholders.
 327   static void placeholders_do(OopClosure* blk);
 328 
 329   // Unload (that is, break root links to) all unmarked classes and
 330   // loaders.  Returns "true" iff something was unloaded.
 331   static bool do_unloading(BoolObjectClosure* is_alive);
 332 
 333   // Applies "f->do_oop" to all root oops in the system dictionary.
 334   static void oops_do(OopClosure* f);
 335 
 336   // System loader lock
 337   static oop system_loader_lock()           { return _system_loader_lock_obj; }
 338 
 339 private:
 340   //    Traverses preloaded oops: various system classes.  These are
 341   //    guaranteed to be in the perm gen.
 342   static void preloaded_oops_do(OopClosure* f);
 343   static void lazily_loaded_oops_do(OopClosure* f);
 344 
 345 public:
 346   // Sharing support.
 347   static void reorder_dictionary();
 348   static void copy_buckets(char** top, char* end);
 349   static void copy_table(char** top, char* end);
 350   static void reverse();
 351   static void set_shared_dictionary(HashtableBucket* t, int length,
 352                                     int number_of_entries);
 353   // Printing
 354   static void print()                   PRODUCT_RETURN;
 355   static void print_class_statistics()  PRODUCT_RETURN;
 356   static void print_method_statistics() PRODUCT_RETURN;
 357 
 358   // Number of contained klasses
 359   // This is both fully loaded classes and classes in the process
 360   // of being loaded
 361   static int number_of_classes();
 362 
 363   // Monotonically increasing counter which grows as classes are
 364   // loaded or modifications such as hot-swapping or setting/removing
 365   // of breakpoints are performed
 366   static inline int number_of_modifications()     { assert_locked_or_safepoint(Compile_lock); return _number_of_modifications; }
 367   // Needed by evolution and breakpoint code
 368   static inline void notice_modification()        { assert_locked_or_safepoint(Compile_lock); ++_number_of_modifications;      }
 369 
 370   // Verification
 371   static void verify();
 372 
 373 #ifdef ASSERT
 374   static bool is_internal_format(symbolHandle class_name);
 375 #endif
 376 
 377   // Verify class is in dictionary
 378   static void verify_obj_klass_present(Handle obj,
 379                                        symbolHandle class_name,
 380                                        Handle class_loader);
 381 
 382   // Initialization
 383   static void initialize(TRAPS);
 384 
 385   // Fast access to commonly used classes (preloaded)
 386   static klassOop check_klass(klassOop k) {
 387     assert(k != NULL, "preloaded klass not initialized");
 388     return k;
 389   }
 390 
 391   static klassOop check_klass_Pre(klassOop k) { return check_klass(k); }
 392   static klassOop check_klass_Opt(klassOop k) { return k; }
 393   static klassOop check_klass_Opt_Kernel(klassOop k) { return k; } //== Opt
 394   static klassOop check_klass_Opt_Only_JDK15(klassOop k) {
 395     assert(JDK_Version::is_gte_jdk15x_version(), "JDK 1.5 only");
 396     return k;
 397   }
 398   static klassOop check_klass_Opt_Only_JDK14NewRef(klassOop k) {
 399     assert(JDK_Version::is_gte_jdk14x_version() && UseNewReflection, "JDK 1.4 only");
 400     // despite the optional loading, if you use this it must be present:
 401     return check_klass(k);
 402   }
 403 
 404   static bool initialize_wk_klass(WKID id, int init_opt, TRAPS);
 405   static void initialize_wk_klasses_until(WKID limit_id, WKID &start_id, TRAPS);
 406   static void initialize_wk_klasses_through(WKID end_id, WKID &start_id, TRAPS) {
 407     int limit = (int)end_id + 1;
 408     initialize_wk_klasses_until((WKID) limit, start_id, THREAD);
 409   }
 410 
 411 public:
 412   #define WK_KLASS_DECLARE(name, ignore_symbol, option) \
 413     static klassOop name() { return check_klass_##option(_well_known_klasses[WK_KLASS_ENUM_NAME(name)]); }
 414   WK_KLASSES_DO(WK_KLASS_DECLARE);
 415   #undef WK_KLASS_DECLARE
 416 
 417   // Local definition for direct access to the private array:
 418   #define WK_KLASS(name) _well_known_klasses[SystemDictionary::WK_KLASS_ENUM_NAME(name)]
 419 
 420   static klassOop box_klass(BasicType t) {
 421     assert((uint)t < T_VOID+1, "range check");
 422     return check_klass(_box_klasses[t]);
 423   }
 424   static BasicType box_klass_type(klassOop k);  // inverse of box_klass
 425 
 426   // methods returning lazily loaded klasses
 427   // The corresponding method to load the class must be called before calling them.
 428   static klassOop abstract_ownable_synchronizer_klass() { return check_klass(_abstract_ownable_synchronizer_klass); }
 429 
 430   static void load_abstract_ownable_synchronizer_klass(TRAPS);
 431 
 432 private:
 433   // Tells whether ClassLoader.loadClassInternal is present
 434   static bool has_loadClassInternal()       { return _has_loadClassInternal; }
 435 
 436 public:
 437   // Tells whether ClassLoader.checkPackageAccess is present
 438   static bool has_checkPackageAccess()      { return _has_checkPackageAccess; }
 439 
 440   static bool class_klass_loaded()          { return WK_KLASS(class_klass) != NULL; }
 441   static bool cloneable_klass_loaded()      { return WK_KLASS(cloneable_klass) != NULL; }
 442 
 443   // Returns default system loader
 444   static oop java_system_loader();
 445 
 446   // Compute the default system loader
 447   static void compute_java_system_loader(TRAPS);
 448 
 449 private:
 450   // Mirrors for primitive classes (created eagerly)
 451   static oop check_mirror(oop m) {
 452     assert(m != NULL, "mirror not initialized");
 453     return m;
 454   }
 455 
 456 public:
 457   // Note:  java_lang_Class::primitive_type is the inverse of java_mirror
 458 
 459   // Check class loader constraints
 460   static bool add_loader_constraint(symbolHandle name, Handle loader1,
 461                                     Handle loader2, TRAPS);
 462   static char* check_signature_loaders(symbolHandle signature, Handle loader1,
 463                                        Handle loader2, bool is_method, TRAPS);
 464 
 465   // JSR 292
 466   // find the java.dyn.MethodHandles::invoke method for a given signature
 467   static methodOop find_method_handle_invoke(symbolHandle signature,
 468                                              Handle class_loader,
 469                                              Handle protection_domain,
 470                                              TRAPS);
 471   // ask Java to compute the java.dyn.MethodType object for a given signature
 472   static Handle    compute_method_handle_type(symbolHandle signature,
 473                                               Handle class_loader,
 474                                               Handle protection_domain,
 475                                               TRAPS);
 476   // ask Java to create a dynamic call site, while linking an invokedynamic op
 477   static Handle    make_dynamic_call_site(KlassHandle caller,
 478                                           int caller_method_idnum,
 479                                           int caller_bci,
 480                                           symbolHandle name,
 481                                           methodHandle mh_invoke,
 482                                           TRAPS);
 483 
 484   // coordinate with Java about bootstrap methods
 485   static Handle    find_bootstrap_method(KlassHandle caller,
 486                                          // This argument is non-null only when a
 487                                          // classfile attribute has been found:
 488                                          KlassHandle search_bootstrap_klass,
 489                                          TRAPS);
 490 
 491   // Utility for printing loader "name" as part of tracing constraints
 492   static const char* loader_name(oop loader) {
 493     return ((loader) == NULL ? "<bootloader>" :
 494             instanceKlass::cast((loader)->klass())->name()->as_C_string() );
 495   }
 496 
 497   // Record the error when the first attempt to resolve a reference from a constant
 498   // pool entry to a class fails.
 499   static void add_resolution_error(constantPoolHandle pool, int which, symbolHandle error);
 500   static symbolOop find_resolution_error(constantPoolHandle pool, int which);
 501 
 502  private:
 503 
 504   enum Constants {
 505     _loader_constraint_size = 107,                     // number of entries in constraint table
 506     _resolution_error_size  = 107,                     // number of entries in resolution error table
 507     _invoke_method_size     = 139,                     // number of entries in invoke method table
 508     _nof_buckets            = 1009                     // number of buckets in hash table
 509   };
 510 
 511 
 512   // Static variables
 513 
 514   // Hashtable holding loaded classes.
 515   static Dictionary*            _dictionary;
 516 
 517   // Hashtable holding placeholders for classes being loaded.
 518   static PlaceholderTable*       _placeholders;
 519 
 520   // Hashtable holding classes from the shared archive.
 521   static Dictionary*             _shared_dictionary;
 522 
 523   // Monotonically increasing counter which grows with
 524   // _number_of_classes as well as hot-swapping and breakpoint setting
 525   // and removal.
 526   static int                     _number_of_modifications;
 527 
 528   // Lock object for system class loader
 529   static oop                     _system_loader_lock_obj;
 530 
 531   // Constraints on class loaders
 532   static LoaderConstraintTable*  _loader_constraints;
 533 
 534   // Resolution errors
 535   static ResolutionErrorTable*   _resolution_errors;
 536 
 537   // Invoke methods (JSR 292)
 538   static SymbolPropertyTable*    _invoke_method_table;
 539 
 540 public:
 541   // for VM_CounterDecay iteration support
 542   friend class CounterDecay;
 543   static klassOop try_get_next_class();
 544 
 545 private:
 546   static void validate_protection_domain(instanceKlassHandle klass,
 547                                          Handle class_loader,
 548                                          Handle protection_domain, TRAPS);
 549 
 550   friend class VM_PopulateDumpSharedSpace;
 551   friend class TraversePlaceholdersClosure;
 552   static Dictionary*         dictionary() { return _dictionary; }
 553   static Dictionary*         shared_dictionary() { return _shared_dictionary; }
 554   static PlaceholderTable*   placeholders() { return _placeholders; }
 555   static LoaderConstraintTable* constraints() { return _loader_constraints; }
 556   static ResolutionErrorTable* resolution_errors() { return _resolution_errors; }
 557   static SymbolPropertyTable* invoke_method_table() { return _invoke_method_table; }
 558 
 559   // Basic loading operations
 560   static klassOop resolve_instance_class_or_null(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, TRAPS);
 561   static klassOop resolve_array_class_or_null(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, TRAPS);
 562   static instanceKlassHandle handle_parallel_super_load(symbolHandle class_name, symbolHandle supername, Handle class_loader, Handle protection_domain, Handle lockObject, TRAPS);
 563   // Wait on SystemDictionary_lock; unlocks lockObject before
 564   // waiting; relocks lockObject with correct recursion count
 565   // after waiting, but before reentering SystemDictionary_lock
 566   // to preserve lock order semantics.
 567   static void double_lock_wait(Handle lockObject, TRAPS);
 568   static void define_instance_class(instanceKlassHandle k, TRAPS);
 569   static instanceKlassHandle find_or_define_instance_class(symbolHandle class_name,
 570                                                 Handle class_loader,
 571                                                 instanceKlassHandle k, TRAPS);
 572   static instanceKlassHandle load_shared_class(symbolHandle class_name,
 573                                                Handle class_loader, TRAPS);
 574   static instanceKlassHandle load_shared_class(instanceKlassHandle ik,
 575                                                Handle class_loader, TRAPS);
 576   static instanceKlassHandle load_instance_class(symbolHandle class_name, Handle class_loader, TRAPS);
 577   static Handle compute_loader_lock_object(Handle class_loader, TRAPS);
 578   static void check_loader_lock_contention(Handle loader_lock, TRAPS);
 579   static bool is_parallelCapable(Handle class_loader);
 580 
 581   static klassOop find_shared_class(symbolHandle class_name);
 582 
 583   // Setup link to hierarchy
 584   static void add_to_hierarchy(instanceKlassHandle k, TRAPS);
 585 
 586 private:
 587   // We pass in the hashtable index so we can calculate it outside of
 588   // the SystemDictionary_lock.
 589 
 590   // Basic find on loaded classes
 591   static klassOop find_class(int index, unsigned int hash,
 592                              symbolHandle name, Handle loader);
 593 
 594   // Basic find on classes in the midst of being loaded
 595   static symbolOop find_placeholder(int index, unsigned int hash,
 596                                     symbolHandle name, Handle loader);
 597 
 598   // Basic find operation of loaded classes and classes in the midst
 599   // of loading;  used for assertions and verification only.
 600   static oop find_class_or_placeholder(symbolHandle class_name,
 601                                        Handle class_loader);
 602 
 603   // Updating entry in dictionary
 604   // Add a completely loaded class
 605   static void add_klass(int index, symbolHandle class_name,
 606                         Handle class_loader, KlassHandle obj);
 607 
 608   // Add a placeholder for a class being loaded
 609   static void add_placeholder(int index,
 610                               symbolHandle class_name,
 611                               Handle class_loader);
 612   static void remove_placeholder(int index,
 613                                  symbolHandle class_name,
 614                                  Handle class_loader);
 615 
 616   // Performs cleanups after resolve_super_or_fail. This typically needs
 617   // to be called on failure.
 618   // Won't throw, but can block.
 619   static void resolution_cleanups(symbolHandle class_name,
 620                                   Handle class_loader,
 621                                   TRAPS);
 622 
 623   // Initialization
 624   static void initialize_preloaded_classes(TRAPS);
 625 
 626   // Class loader constraints
 627   static void check_constraints(int index, unsigned int hash,
 628                                 instanceKlassHandle k, Handle loader,
 629                                 bool defining, TRAPS);
 630   static void update_dictionary(int d_index, unsigned int d_hash,
 631                                 int p_index, unsigned int p_hash,
 632                                 instanceKlassHandle k, Handle loader, TRAPS);
 633 
 634   // Variables holding commonly used klasses (preloaded)
 635   static klassOop _well_known_klasses[];
 636 
 637   // Lazily loaded klasses
 638   static volatile klassOop _abstract_ownable_synchronizer_klass;
 639 
 640   // table of box klasses (int_klass, etc.)
 641   static klassOop _box_klasses[T_VOID+1];
 642 
 643   static oop  _java_system_loader;
 644 
 645   static bool _has_loadClassInternal;
 646   static bool _has_checkPackageAccess;
 647 };
 648 
 649 // Cf. vmSymbols vs. vmSymbolHandles
 650 class SystemDictionaryHandles : AllStatic {
 651 public:
 652   #define WK_KLASS_HANDLE_DECLARE(name, ignore_symbol, option) \
 653     static KlassHandle name() { \
 654       SystemDictionary::name(); \
 655       klassOop* loc = &SystemDictionary::_well_known_klasses[SystemDictionary::WK_KLASS_ENUM_NAME(name)]; \
 656       return KlassHandle(loc, true); \
 657     }
 658   WK_KLASSES_DO(WK_KLASS_HANDLE_DECLARE);
 659   #undef WK_KLASS_HANDLE_DECLARE
 660 
 661   static KlassHandle box_klass(BasicType t);
 662 };