--- /dev/null 2013-12-19 08:49:00.325079479 +0800 +++ new/src/share/sample/demo/parallel/MonteCarloPI.java 2013-12-19 20:23:23.663082888 +0800 @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ +/* + * Copyright (c) 2013 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. + * + * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without + * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions + * are met: + * + * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + * + * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright + * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the + * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. + * + * - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its + * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived + * from this software without specific prior written permission. + * + * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS + * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, + * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR + * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR + * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, + * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, + * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR + * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF + * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING + * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS + * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. + */ + +/* + * This source code is provided to illustrate the usage of a given feature + * or technique and has been deliberately simplified. Additional steps + * required for a production-quality application, such as security checks, + * input validation and proper error handling, might not be present in + * this sample code. + */ +package demo.parallel; + +import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom; +import java.util.stream.LongStream; + +/** + * This demo shows how to use the parallel mode and the Monte Carlo method to + * calculate the value of PI + * + * @author tyan + */ +public class MonteCarloPI { + + public static void main(String[] args) { + System.out.println("This might take several minutes, " + + "depending on your system"); + LongStream.iterate(10l, l -> 10 * l). + limit(10). + forEach(times -> { + System.out.printf( + "The value of PI is %1.14f after %,d times calculation\n", + pi(times), times); + }); + } + + /** + * Use the Monte Carlo method to calculate the value of PI. basic algorithm + * is: 1. Draw a square on the ground, then inscribe a circle within it. 2. + * Scatter some objects of uniform size (grains of rice or sand) over the + * square. 3. Count the total number of objects inside the circle and the + * total number of objects overall. 4. The ratio of the two total is an + * estimate of the ratio of the two areas, which is PI/4. Multiply the + * result by 4 to estimate PI. + * + * @param x how many times randomly selected a point + * @return value of π by x times calculation + */ + private static double pi(long x) { + return LongStream.generate(() -> hit()). + // using parallel mode + parallel(). + // select only x elements + limit(x).sum() + // perform division before multiplication to reduce ovefflow + // risk + / (double) x * 4; + } + + /** + * Use ThreadLocalRandom to simulate that whether a point is inside the + * circle or outside the circle + * + * @return 1 randomly selected point is inside the circle 0 randomly + * selected point is outside the circle + */ + private static long hit() { + ThreadLocalRandom lr = ThreadLocalRandom.current(); + double x = lr.nextDouble(1.0); + double y = lr.nextDouble(1.0); + return Math.sqrt(y * y + x * x) <= 1.0 ? 1 : 0; + } +}