1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1995, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 package java.net;
  27 
  28 import java.io.IOException;
  29 import java.util.Collections;
  30 import java.util.Enumeration;
  31 import java.util.Set;
  32 
  33 /**
  34  * The multicast datagram socket class is useful for sending
  35  * and receiving IP multicast packets.  A MulticastSocket is
  36  * a (UDP) DatagramSocket, with additional capabilities for
  37  * joining "groups" of other multicast hosts on the internet.
  38  * <P>
  39  * A multicast group is specified by a class D IP address
  40  * and by a standard UDP port number. Class D IP addresses
  41  * are in the range <CODE>224.0.0.0</CODE> to <CODE>239.255.255.255</CODE>,
  42  * inclusive. The address 224.0.0.0 is reserved and should not be used.
  43  * <P>
  44  * One would join a multicast group by first creating a MulticastSocket
  45  * with the desired port, then invoking the
  46  * <CODE>joinGroup(InetAddress groupAddr)</CODE>
  47  * method:
  48  * <PRE>
  49  * // join a Multicast group and send the group salutations
  50  * ...
  51  * String msg = "Hello";
  52  * InetAddress group = InetAddress.getByName("228.5.6.7");
  53  * MulticastSocket s = new MulticastSocket(6789);
  54  * s.joinGroup(group);
  55  * DatagramPacket hi = new DatagramPacket(msg.getBytes(), msg.length(),
  56  *                             group, 6789);
  57  * s.send(hi);
  58  * // get their responses!
  59  * byte[] buf = new byte[1000];
  60  * DatagramPacket recv = new DatagramPacket(buf, buf.length);
  61  * s.receive(recv);
  62  * ...
  63  * // OK, I'm done talking - leave the group...
  64  * s.leaveGroup(group);
  65  * </PRE>
  66  *
  67  * When one sends a message to a multicast group, <B>all</B> subscribing
  68  * recipients to that host and port receive the message (within the
  69  * time-to-live range of the packet, see below).  The socket needn't
  70  * be a member of the multicast group to send messages to it.
  71  * <P>
  72  * When a socket subscribes to a multicast group/port, it receives
  73  * datagrams sent by other hosts to the group/port, as do all other
  74  * members of the group and port.  A socket relinquishes membership
  75  * in a group by the leaveGroup(InetAddress addr) method.  <B>
  76  * Multiple MulticastSocket's</B> may subscribe to a multicast group
  77  * and port concurrently, and they will all receive group datagrams.
  78  * <P>
  79  * Currently applets are not allowed to use multicast sockets.
  80  *
  81  * @author Pavani Diwanji
  82  * @since  1.1
  83  */
  84 public
  85 class MulticastSocket extends DatagramSocket {
  86 
  87     /**
  88      * Used on some platforms to record if an outgoing interface
  89      * has been set for this socket.
  90      */
  91     private boolean interfaceSet;
  92 
  93     /**
  94      * Create a multicast socket.
  95      *
  96      * <p>If there is a security manager,
  97      * its {@code checkListen} method is first called
  98      * with 0 as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed.
  99      * This could result in a SecurityException.
 100      * <p>
 101      * When the socket is created the
 102      * {@link DatagramSocket#setReuseAddress(boolean)} method is
 103      * called to enable the SO_REUSEADDR socket option. When
 104      * {@link StandardSocketOptions#SO_REUSEPORT SO_REUSEPORT} is
 105      * supported then
 106      * {@link DatagramSocketImpl#setOption(SocketOption, Object)}
 107      * is called to enable the socket option.
 108      *
 109      * @exception IOException if an I/O exception occurs
 110      * while creating the MulticastSocket
 111      * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its
 112      *             {@code checkListen} method doesn't allow the operation.
 113      * @see SecurityManager#checkListen
 114      * @see java.net.DatagramSocket#setReuseAddress(boolean)
 115      * @see java.net.DatagramSocketImpl#setOption(SocketOption, Object)
 116      */
 117     public MulticastSocket() throws IOException {
 118         this(new InetSocketAddress(0));
 119     }
 120 
 121     /**
 122      * Create a multicast socket and bind it to a specific port.
 123      *
 124      * <p>If there is a security manager,
 125      * its {@code checkListen} method is first called
 126      * with the {@code port} argument
 127      * as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed.
 128      * This could result in a SecurityException.
 129      * <p>
 130      * When the socket is created the
 131      * {@link DatagramSocket#setReuseAddress(boolean)} method is
 132      * called to enable the SO_REUSEADDR socket option.
 133      *
 134      * @param port port to use
 135      * @exception IOException if an I/O exception occurs
 136      * while creating the MulticastSocket
 137      * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its
 138      *             {@code checkListen} method doesn't allow the operation.
 139      * @see SecurityManager#checkListen
 140      * @see java.net.DatagramSocket#setReuseAddress(boolean)
 141      */
 142     public MulticastSocket(int port) throws IOException {
 143         this(new InetSocketAddress(port));
 144     }
 145 
 146     /**
 147      * Create a MulticastSocket bound to the specified socket address.
 148      * <p>
 149      * Or, if the address is {@code null}, create an unbound socket.
 150      *
 151      * <p>If there is a security manager,
 152      * its {@code checkListen} method is first called
 153      * with the SocketAddress port as its argument to ensure the operation is allowed.
 154      * This could result in a SecurityException.
 155      * <p>
 156      * When the socket is created the
 157      * {@link DatagramSocket#setReuseAddress(boolean)} method is
 158      * called to enable the SO_REUSEADDR socket option.
 159      *
 160      * @param bindaddr Socket address to bind to, or {@code null} for
 161      *                 an unbound socket.
 162      * @exception IOException if an I/O exception occurs
 163      * while creating the MulticastSocket
 164      * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its
 165      *             {@code checkListen} method doesn't allow the operation.
 166      * @see SecurityManager#checkListen
 167      * @see java.net.DatagramSocket#setReuseAddress(boolean)
 168      *
 169      * @since 1.4
 170      */
 171     public MulticastSocket(SocketAddress bindaddr) throws IOException {
 172         super((SocketAddress) null);
 173 
 174         // Enable SO_REUSEADDR before binding
 175         setReuseAddress(true);
 176 
 177         // Enable SO_REUSEPORT if supported before binding
 178         if (supportedOptions().contains(StandardSocketOptions.SO_REUSEPORT)) {
 179             this.setOption(StandardSocketOptions.SO_REUSEPORT, true);
 180         }
 181 
 182         if (bindaddr != null) {
 183             try {
 184                 bind(bindaddr);
 185             } finally {
 186                 if (!isBound())
 187                     close();
 188             }
 189         }
 190     }
 191 
 192     /**
 193      * The lock on the socket's TTL. This is for set/getTTL and
 194      * send(packet,ttl).
 195      */
 196     private Object ttlLock = new Object();
 197 
 198     /**
 199      * The lock on the socket's interface - used by setInterface
 200      * and getInterface
 201      */
 202     private Object infLock = new Object();
 203 
 204     /**
 205      * The "last" interface set by setInterface on this MulticastSocket
 206      */
 207     private InetAddress infAddress = null;
 208 
 209 
 210     /**
 211      * Set the default time-to-live for multicast packets sent out
 212      * on this {@code MulticastSocket} in order to control the
 213      * scope of the multicasts.
 214      *
 215      * <p>The ttl is an <b>unsigned</b> 8-bit quantity, and so <B>must</B> be
 216      * in the range {@code 0 <= ttl <= 0xFF }.
 217      *
 218      * @param ttl the time-to-live
 219      * @exception IOException if an I/O exception occurs
 220      * while setting the default time-to-live value
 221      * @deprecated use the setTimeToLive method instead, which uses
 222      * <b>int</b> instead of <b>byte</b> as the type for ttl.
 223      * @see #getTTL()
 224      */
 225     @Deprecated
 226     public void setTTL(byte ttl) throws IOException {
 227         if (isClosed())
 228             throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
 229         getImpl().setTTL(ttl);
 230     }
 231 
 232     /**
 233      * Set the default time-to-live for multicast packets sent out
 234      * on this {@code MulticastSocket} in order to control the
 235      * scope of the multicasts.
 236      *
 237      * <P> The ttl <B>must</B> be in the range {@code  0 <= ttl <=
 238      * 255} or an {@code IllegalArgumentException} will be thrown.
 239      * Multicast packets sent with a TTL of {@code 0} are not transmitted
 240      * on the network but may be delivered locally.
 241      *
 242      * @param  ttl
 243      *         the time-to-live
 244      *
 245      * @throws  IOException
 246      *          if an I/O exception occurs while setting the
 247      *          default time-to-live value
 248      *
 249      * @see #getTimeToLive()
 250      */
 251     public void setTimeToLive(int ttl) throws IOException {
 252         if (ttl < 0 || ttl > 255) {
 253             throw new IllegalArgumentException("ttl out of range");
 254         }
 255         if (isClosed())
 256             throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
 257         getImpl().setTimeToLive(ttl);
 258     }
 259 
 260     /**
 261      * Get the default time-to-live for multicast packets sent out on
 262      * the socket.
 263      *
 264      * @exception IOException if an I/O exception occurs
 265      * while getting the default time-to-live value
 266      * @return the default time-to-live value
 267      * @deprecated use the getTimeToLive method instead, which returns
 268      * an <b>int</b> instead of a <b>byte</b>.
 269      * @see #setTTL(byte)
 270      */
 271     @Deprecated
 272     public byte getTTL() throws IOException {
 273         if (isClosed())
 274             throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
 275         return getImpl().getTTL();
 276     }
 277 
 278     /**
 279      * Get the default time-to-live for multicast packets sent out on
 280      * the socket.
 281      * @exception IOException if an I/O exception occurs while
 282      * getting the default time-to-live value
 283      * @return the default time-to-live value
 284      * @see #setTimeToLive(int)
 285      */
 286     public int getTimeToLive() throws IOException {
 287         if (isClosed())
 288             throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
 289         return getImpl().getTimeToLive();
 290     }
 291 
 292     /**
 293      * Joins a multicast group. Its behavior may be affected by
 294      * {@code setInterface} or {@code setNetworkInterface}.
 295      *
 296      * <p>If there is a security manager, this method first
 297      * calls its {@code checkMulticast} method
 298      * with the {@code mcastaddr} argument
 299      * as its argument.
 300      *
 301      * @param mcastaddr is the multicast address to join
 302      *
 303      * @exception IOException if there is an error joining, or when the address
 304      *            is not a multicast address, or the platform does not support
 305      *            multicasting
 306      * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its
 307      * {@code checkMulticast} method doesn't allow the join.
 308      *
 309      * @see SecurityManager#checkMulticast(InetAddress)
 310      */
 311     public void joinGroup(InetAddress mcastaddr) throws IOException {
 312         if (isClosed()) {
 313             throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
 314         }
 315 
 316         checkAddress(mcastaddr, "joinGroup");
 317         SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
 318         if (security != null) {
 319             security.checkMulticast(mcastaddr);
 320         }
 321 
 322         if (!mcastaddr.isMulticastAddress()) {
 323             throw new SocketException("Not a multicast address");
 324         }
 325 
 326         /**
 327          * required for some platforms where it's not possible to join
 328          * a group without setting the interface first.
 329          */
 330         NetworkInterface defaultInterface = NetworkInterface.getDefault();
 331 
 332         if (!interfaceSet && defaultInterface != null) {
 333             setNetworkInterface(defaultInterface);
 334         }
 335 
 336         getImpl().join(mcastaddr);
 337     }
 338 
 339     /**
 340      * Leave a multicast group. Its behavior may be affected by
 341      * {@code setInterface} or {@code setNetworkInterface}.
 342      *
 343      * <p>If there is a security manager, this method first
 344      * calls its {@code checkMulticast} method
 345      * with the {@code mcastaddr} argument
 346      * as its argument.
 347      *
 348      * @param mcastaddr is the multicast address to leave
 349      * @exception IOException if there is an error leaving
 350      * or when the address is not a multicast address.
 351      * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its
 352      * {@code checkMulticast} method doesn't allow the operation.
 353      *
 354      * @see SecurityManager#checkMulticast(InetAddress)
 355      */
 356     public void leaveGroup(InetAddress mcastaddr) throws IOException {
 357         if (isClosed()) {
 358             throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
 359         }
 360 
 361         checkAddress(mcastaddr, "leaveGroup");
 362         SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
 363         if (security != null) {
 364             security.checkMulticast(mcastaddr);
 365         }
 366 
 367         if (!mcastaddr.isMulticastAddress()) {
 368             throw new SocketException("Not a multicast address");
 369         }
 370 
 371         getImpl().leave(mcastaddr);
 372     }
 373 
 374     /**
 375      * Joins the specified multicast group at the specified interface.
 376      *
 377      * <p>If there is a security manager, this method first
 378      * calls its {@code checkMulticast} method
 379      * with the {@code mcastaddr} argument
 380      * as its argument.
 381      *
 382      * @param mcastaddr is the multicast address to join
 383      * @param netIf specifies the local interface to receive multicast
 384      *        datagram packets, or <i>null</i> to defer to the interface set by
 385      *       {@link MulticastSocket#setInterface(InetAddress)} or
 386      *       {@link MulticastSocket#setNetworkInterface(NetworkInterface)}
 387      *
 388      * @exception IOException if there is an error joining, or when the address
 389      *            is not a multicast address, or the platform does not support
 390      *            multicasting
 391      * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its
 392      * {@code checkMulticast} method doesn't allow the join.
 393      * @throws  IllegalArgumentException if mcastaddr is null or is a
 394      *          SocketAddress subclass not supported by this socket
 395      *
 396      * @see SecurityManager#checkMulticast(InetAddress)
 397      * @since 1.4
 398      */
 399     public void joinGroup(SocketAddress mcastaddr, NetworkInterface netIf)
 400         throws IOException {
 401         if (isClosed())
 402             throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
 403 
 404         if (mcastaddr == null || !(mcastaddr instanceof InetSocketAddress))
 405             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported address type");
 406 
 407         if (oldImpl)
 408             throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
 409 
 410         checkAddress(((InetSocketAddress)mcastaddr).getAddress(), "joinGroup");
 411         SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
 412         if (security != null) {
 413             security.checkMulticast(((InetSocketAddress)mcastaddr).getAddress());
 414         }
 415 
 416         if (!((InetSocketAddress)mcastaddr).getAddress().isMulticastAddress()) {
 417             throw new SocketException("Not a multicast address");
 418         }
 419 
 420         getImpl().joinGroup(mcastaddr, netIf);
 421     }
 422 
 423     /**
 424      * Leave a multicast group on a specified local interface.
 425      *
 426      * <p>If there is a security manager, this method first
 427      * calls its {@code checkMulticast} method
 428      * with the {@code mcastaddr} argument
 429      * as its argument.
 430      *
 431      * @param mcastaddr is the multicast address to leave
 432      * @param netIf specifies the local interface or <i>null</i> to defer
 433      *             to the interface set by
 434      *             {@link MulticastSocket#setInterface(InetAddress)} or
 435      *             {@link MulticastSocket#setNetworkInterface(NetworkInterface)}
 436      * @exception IOException if there is an error leaving
 437      * or when the address is not a multicast address.
 438      * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its
 439      * {@code checkMulticast} method doesn't allow the operation.
 440      * @throws  IllegalArgumentException if mcastaddr is null or is a
 441      *          SocketAddress subclass not supported by this socket
 442      *
 443      * @see SecurityManager#checkMulticast(InetAddress)
 444      * @since 1.4
 445      */
 446     public void leaveGroup(SocketAddress mcastaddr, NetworkInterface netIf)
 447         throws IOException {
 448         if (isClosed())
 449             throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
 450 
 451         if (mcastaddr == null || !(mcastaddr instanceof InetSocketAddress))
 452             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported address type");
 453 
 454         if (oldImpl)
 455             throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
 456 
 457         checkAddress(((InetSocketAddress)mcastaddr).getAddress(), "leaveGroup");
 458         SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
 459         if (security != null) {
 460             security.checkMulticast(((InetSocketAddress)mcastaddr).getAddress());
 461         }
 462 
 463         if (!((InetSocketAddress)mcastaddr).getAddress().isMulticastAddress()) {
 464             throw new SocketException("Not a multicast address");
 465         }
 466 
 467         getImpl().leaveGroup(mcastaddr, netIf);
 468      }
 469 
 470     /**
 471      * Set the multicast network interface used by methods
 472      * whose behavior would be affected by the value of the
 473      * network interface. Useful for multihomed hosts.
 474      * @param inf the InetAddress
 475      * @exception SocketException if there is an error in
 476      * the underlying protocol, such as a TCP error.
 477      * @see #getInterface()
 478      */
 479     public void setInterface(InetAddress inf) throws SocketException {
 480         if (isClosed()) {
 481             throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
 482         }
 483         checkAddress(inf, "setInterface");
 484         synchronized (infLock) {
 485             getImpl().setOption(SocketOptions.IP_MULTICAST_IF, inf);
 486             infAddress = inf;
 487             interfaceSet = true;
 488         }
 489     }
 490 
 491     /**
 492      * Retrieve the address of the network interface used for
 493      * multicast packets.
 494      *
 495      * @return An {@code InetAddress} representing
 496      *  the address of the network interface used for
 497      *  multicast packets.
 498      *
 499      * @exception SocketException if there is an error in
 500      * the underlying protocol, such as a TCP error.
 501      *
 502      * @see #setInterface(java.net.InetAddress)
 503      */
 504     public InetAddress getInterface() throws SocketException {
 505         if (isClosed()) {
 506             throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
 507         }
 508         synchronized (infLock) {
 509             InetAddress ia =
 510                 (InetAddress)getImpl().getOption(SocketOptions.IP_MULTICAST_IF);
 511 
 512             /**
 513              * No previous setInterface or interface can be
 514              * set using setNetworkInterface
 515              */
 516             if (infAddress == null) {
 517                 return ia;
 518             }
 519 
 520             /**
 521              * Same interface set with setInterface?
 522              */
 523             if (ia.equals(infAddress)) {
 524                 return ia;
 525             }
 526 
 527             /**
 528              * Different InetAddress from what we set with setInterface
 529              * so enumerate the current interface to see if the
 530              * address set by setInterface is bound to this interface.
 531              */
 532             try {
 533                 NetworkInterface ni = NetworkInterface.getByInetAddress(ia);
 534                 Enumeration<InetAddress> addrs = ni.getInetAddresses();
 535                 while (addrs.hasMoreElements()) {
 536                     InetAddress addr = addrs.nextElement();
 537                     if (addr.equals(infAddress)) {
 538                         return infAddress;
 539                     }
 540                 }
 541 
 542                 /**
 543                  * No match so reset infAddress to indicate that the
 544                  * interface has changed via means
 545                  */
 546                 infAddress = null;
 547                 return ia;
 548             } catch (Exception e) {
 549                 return ia;
 550             }
 551         }
 552     }
 553 
 554     /**
 555      * Specify the network interface for outgoing multicast datagrams
 556      * sent on this socket.
 557      *
 558      * @param netIf the interface
 559      * @exception SocketException if there is an error in
 560      * the underlying protocol, such as a TCP error.
 561      * @see #getNetworkInterface()
 562      * @since 1.4
 563      */
 564     public void setNetworkInterface(NetworkInterface netIf)
 565         throws SocketException {
 566 
 567         synchronized (infLock) {
 568             getImpl().setOption(SocketOptions.IP_MULTICAST_IF2, netIf);
 569             infAddress = null;
 570             interfaceSet = true;
 571         }
 572     }
 573 
 574     /**
 575      * Get the multicast network interface set.
 576      *
 577      * @exception SocketException if there is an error in
 578      * the underlying protocol, such as a TCP error.
 579      * @return the multicast {@code NetworkInterface} currently set
 580      * @see #setNetworkInterface(NetworkInterface)
 581      * @since 1.4
 582      */
 583     public NetworkInterface getNetworkInterface() throws SocketException {
 584         NetworkInterface ni
 585             = (NetworkInterface)getImpl().getOption(SocketOptions.IP_MULTICAST_IF2);
 586         if ((ni.getIndex() == 0) || (ni.getIndex() == -1)) {
 587             InetAddress[] addrs = new InetAddress[1];
 588             addrs[0] = InetAddress.anyLocalAddress();
 589             return new NetworkInterface(addrs[0].getHostName(), 0, addrs);
 590         } else {
 591             return ni;
 592         }
 593     }
 594 
 595     /**
 596      * Disable/Enable local loopback of multicast datagrams
 597      * The option is used by the platform's networking code as a hint
 598      * for setting whether multicast data will be looped back to
 599      * the local socket.
 600      *
 601      * <p>Because this option is a hint, applications that want to
 602      * verify what loopback mode is set to should call
 603      * {@link #getLoopbackMode()}
 604      * @param disable {@code true} to disable the LoopbackMode
 605      * @throws SocketException if an error occurs while setting the value
 606      * @since 1.4
 607      * @see #getLoopbackMode
 608      */
 609     public void setLoopbackMode(boolean disable) throws SocketException {
 610         getImpl().setOption(SocketOptions.IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, Boolean.valueOf(disable));
 611     }
 612 
 613     /**
 614      * Get the setting for local loopback of multicast datagrams.
 615      *
 616      * @throws SocketException  if an error occurs while getting the value
 617      * @return true if the LoopbackMode has been disabled
 618      * @since 1.4
 619      * @see #setLoopbackMode
 620      */
 621     public boolean getLoopbackMode() throws SocketException {
 622         return ((Boolean)getImpl().getOption(SocketOptions.IP_MULTICAST_LOOP)).booleanValue();
 623     }
 624 
 625     /**
 626      * Sends a datagram packet to the destination, with a TTL (time-
 627      * to-live) other than the default for the socket.  This method
 628      * need only be used in instances where a particular TTL is desired;
 629      * otherwise it is preferable to set a TTL once on the socket, and
 630      * use that default TTL for all packets.  This method does <B>not
 631      * </B> alter the default TTL for the socket. Its behavior may be
 632      * affected by {@code setInterface}.
 633      *
 634      * <p>If there is a security manager, this method first performs some
 635      * security checks. First, if {@code p.getAddress().isMulticastAddress()}
 636      * is true, this method calls the
 637      * security manager's {@code checkMulticast} method
 638      * with {@code p.getAddress()} and {@code ttl} as its arguments.
 639      * If the evaluation of that expression is false,
 640      * this method instead calls the security manager's
 641      * {@code checkConnect} method with arguments
 642      * {@code p.getAddress().getHostAddress()} and
 643      * {@code p.getPort()}. Each call to a security manager method
 644      * could result in a SecurityException if the operation is not allowed.
 645      *
 646      * @param p is the packet to be sent. The packet should contain
 647      * the destination multicast ip address and the data to be sent.
 648      * One does not need to be the member of the group to send
 649      * packets to a destination multicast address.
 650      * @param ttl optional time to live for multicast packet.
 651      * default ttl is 1.
 652      *
 653      * @exception IOException is raised if an error occurs i.e
 654      * error while setting ttl.
 655      * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and its
 656      *             {@code checkMulticast} or {@code checkConnect}
 657      *             method doesn't allow the send.
 658      *
 659      * @deprecated Use the following code or its equivalent instead:
 660      *  ......
 661      *  int ttl = mcastSocket.getTimeToLive();
 662      *  mcastSocket.setTimeToLive(newttl);
 663      *  mcastSocket.send(p);
 664      *  mcastSocket.setTimeToLive(ttl);
 665      *  ......
 666      *
 667      * @see DatagramSocket#send
 668      * @see DatagramSocket#receive
 669      * @see SecurityManager#checkMulticast(java.net.InetAddress, byte)
 670      * @see SecurityManager#checkConnect
 671      */
 672     @Deprecated
 673     public void send(DatagramPacket p, byte ttl)
 674         throws IOException {
 675             if (isClosed())
 676                 throw new SocketException("Socket is closed");
 677             checkAddress(p.getAddress(), "send");
 678             synchronized(ttlLock) {
 679                 synchronized(p) {
 680                     if (connectState == ST_NOT_CONNECTED) {
 681                         // Security manager makes sure that the multicast address
 682                         // is allowed one and that the ttl used is less
 683                         // than the allowed maxttl.
 684                         SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager();
 685                         if (security != null) {
 686                             if (p.getAddress().isMulticastAddress()) {
 687                                 security.checkMulticast(p.getAddress(), ttl);
 688                             } else {
 689                                 security.checkConnect(p.getAddress().getHostAddress(),
 690                                                       p.getPort());
 691                             }
 692                         }
 693                     } else {
 694                         // we're connected
 695                         InetAddress packetAddress = null;
 696                         packetAddress = p.getAddress();
 697                         if (packetAddress == null) {
 698                             p.setAddress(connectedAddress);
 699                             p.setPort(connectedPort);
 700                         } else if ((!packetAddress.equals(connectedAddress)) ||
 701                                    p.getPort() != connectedPort) {
 702                             throw new SecurityException("connected address and packet address" +
 703                                                         " differ");
 704                         }
 705                     }
 706                     byte dttl = getTTL();
 707                     try {
 708                         if (ttl != dttl) {
 709                             // set the ttl
 710                             getImpl().setTTL(ttl);
 711                         }
 712                         // call the datagram method to send
 713                         getImpl().send(p);
 714                     } finally {
 715                         // set it back to default
 716                         if (ttl != dttl) {
 717                             getImpl().setTTL(dttl);
 718                         }
 719                     }
 720                 } // synch p
 721             }  //synch ttl
 722     } //method
 723 
 724     private static Set<SocketOption<?>> options;
 725     private static boolean optionsSet = false;
 726 
 727     @Override
 728     public Set<SocketOption<?>> supportedOptions() {
 729         synchronized (MulticastSocket.class) {
 730             if (optionsSet) {
 731                 return options;
 732             }
 733             try {
 734                 DatagramSocketImpl impl = getImpl();
 735                 options = Collections.unmodifiableSet(impl.supportedOptions());
 736             } catch (SocketException ex) {
 737                 options = Collections.emptySet();
 738             }
 739             optionsSet = true;
 740             return options;
 741         }
 742     }
 743 }