1 /*
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   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
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   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
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  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
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  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
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  23  * questions.
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  25 
  26 package javax.sound.sampled;
  27 
  28 import java.util.Arrays;
  29 
  30 /**
  31  * {@code DataLine} adds media-related functionality to its superinterface,
  32  * {@code Line}. This functionality includes transport-control methods that
  33  * start, stop, drain, and flush the audio data that passes through the line. A
  34  * data line can also report the current position, volume, and audio format of
  35  * the media. Data lines are used for output of audio by means of the
  36  * subinterfaces {@link SourceDataLine} or {@link Clip}, which allow an
  37  * application program to write data. Similarly, audio input is handled by the
  38  * subinterface {@link TargetDataLine}, which allows data to be read.
  39  * <p>
  40  * A data line has an internal buffer in which the incoming or outgoing audio
  41  * data is queued. The {@link #drain()} method blocks until this internal buffer
  42  * becomes empty, usually because all queued data has been processed. The
  43  * {@link #flush()} method discards any available queued data from the internal
  44  * buffer.
  45  * <p>
  46  * A data line produces {@link LineEvent.Type#START START} and
  47  * {@link LineEvent.Type#STOP STOP} events whenever it begins or ceases active
  48  * presentation or capture of data. These events can be generated in response to
  49  * specific requests, or as a result of less direct state changes. For example,
  50  * if {@link #start()} is called on an inactive data line, and data is available
  51  * for capture or playback, a {@code START} event will be generated shortly,
  52  * when data playback or capture actually begins. Or, if the flow of data to an
  53  * active data line is constricted so that a gap occurs in the presentation of
  54  * data, a {@code STOP} event is generated.
  55  * <p>
  56  * Mixers often support synchronized control of multiple data lines.
  57  * Synchronization can be established through the Mixer interface's
  58  * {@link Mixer#synchronize synchronize} method. See the description of the
  59  * {@link Mixer Mixer} interface for a more complete description.
  60  *
  61  * @author Kara Kytle
  62  * @see LineEvent
  63  * @since 1.3
  64  */
  65 public interface DataLine extends Line {
  66 
  67     /**
  68      * Drains queued data from the line by continuing data I/O until the data
  69      * line's internal buffer has been emptied. This method blocks until the
  70      * draining is complete. Because this is a blocking method, it should be
  71      * used with care. If {@code drain()} is invoked on a stopped line that has
  72      * data in its queue, the method will block until the line is running and
  73      * the data queue becomes empty. If {@code drain()} is invoked by one
  74      * thread, and another continues to fill the data queue, the operation will
  75      * not complete. This method always returns when the data line is closed.
  76      *
  77      * @see #flush()
  78      */
  79     void drain();
  80 
  81     /**
  82      * Flushes queued data from the line. The flushed data is discarded. In some
  83      * cases, not all queued data can be discarded. For example, a mixer can
  84      * flush data from the buffer for a specific input line, but any unplayed
  85      * data already in the output buffer (the result of the mix) will still be
  86      * played. You can invoke this method after pausing a line (the normal case)
  87      * if you want to skip the "stale" data when you restart playback or
  88      * capture. (It is legal to flush a line that is not stopped, but doing so
  89      * on an active line is likely to cause a discontinuity in the data,
  90      * resulting in a perceptible click.)
  91      *
  92      * @see #stop()
  93      * @see #drain()
  94      */
  95     void flush();
  96 
  97     /**
  98      * Allows a line to engage in data I/O. If invoked on a line that is already
  99      * running, this method does nothing. Unless the data in the buffer has been
 100      * flushed, the line resumes I/O starting with the first frame that was
 101      * unprocessed at the time the line was stopped. When audio capture or
 102      * playback starts, a {@link LineEvent.Type#START START} event is generated.
 103      *
 104      * @see #stop()
 105      * @see #isRunning()
 106      * @see LineEvent
 107      */
 108     void start();
 109 
 110     /**
 111      * Stops the line. A stopped line should cease I/O activity. If the line is
 112      * open and running, however, it should retain the resources required to
 113      * resume activity. A stopped line should retain any audio data in its
 114      * buffer instead of discarding it, so that upon resumption the I/O can
 115      * continue where it left off, if possible. (This doesn't guarantee that
 116      * there will never be discontinuities beyond the current buffer, of course;
 117      * if the stopped condition continues for too long, input or output samples
 118      * might be dropped.) If desired, the retained data can be discarded by
 119      * invoking the {@code flush} method. When audio capture or playback stops,
 120      * a {@link LineEvent.Type#STOP STOP} event is generated.
 121      *
 122      * @see #start()
 123      * @see #isRunning()
 124      * @see #flush()
 125      * @see LineEvent
 126      */
 127     void stop();
 128 
 129     /**
 130      * Indicates whether the line is running. The default is {@code false}. An
 131      * open line begins running when the first data is presented in response to
 132      * an invocation of the {@code start} method, and continues until
 133      * presentation ceases in response to a call to {@code stop} or because
 134      * playback completes.
 135      *
 136      * @return {@code true} if the line is running, otherwise {@code false}
 137      * @see #start()
 138      * @see #stop()
 139      */
 140     boolean isRunning();
 141 
 142     /**
 143      * Indicates whether the line is engaging in active I/O (such as playback or
 144      * capture). When an inactive line becomes active, it sends a
 145      * {@link LineEvent.Type#START START} event to its listeners. Similarly,
 146      * when an active line becomes inactive, it sends a
 147      * {@link LineEvent.Type#STOP STOP} event.
 148      *
 149      * @return {@code true} if the line is actively capturing or rendering
 150      *         sound, otherwise {@code false}
 151      * @see #isOpen
 152      * @see #addLineListener
 153      * @see #removeLineListener
 154      * @see LineEvent
 155      * @see LineListener
 156      */
 157     boolean isActive();
 158 
 159     /**
 160      * Obtains the current format (encoding, sample rate, number of channels,
 161      * etc.) of the data line's audio data.
 162      * <p>
 163      * If the line is not open and has never been opened, it returns the default
 164      * format. The default format is an implementation specific audio format,
 165      * or, if the {@code DataLine.Info} object, which was used to retrieve this
 166      * {@code DataLine}, specifies at least one fully qualified audio format,
 167      * the last one will be used as the default format. Opening the line with a
 168      * specific audio format (e.g. {@link SourceDataLine#open(AudioFormat)})
 169      * will override the default format.
 170      *
 171      * @return current audio data format
 172      * @see AudioFormat
 173      */
 174     AudioFormat getFormat();
 175 
 176     /**
 177      * Obtains the maximum number of bytes of data that will fit in the data
 178      * line's internal buffer. For a source data line, this is the size of the
 179      * buffer to which data can be written. For a target data line, it is the
 180      * size of the buffer from which data can be read. Note that the units used
 181      * are bytes, but will always correspond to an integral number of sample
 182      * frames of audio data.
 183      *
 184      * @return the size of the buffer in bytes
 185      */
 186     int getBufferSize();
 187 
 188     /**
 189      * Obtains the number of bytes of data currently available to the
 190      * application for processing in the data line's internal buffer. For a
 191      * source data line, this is the amount of data that can be written to the
 192      * buffer without blocking. For a target data line, this is the amount of
 193      * data available to be read by the application. For a clip, this value is
 194      * always 0 because the audio data is loaded into the buffer when the clip
 195      * is opened, and persists without modification until the clip is closed.
 196      * <p>
 197      * Note that the units used are bytes, but will always correspond to an
 198      * integral number of sample frames of audio data.
 199      * <p>
 200      * An application is guaranteed that a read or write operation of up to the
 201      * number of bytes returned from {@code available()} will not block;
 202      * however, there is no guarantee that attempts to read or write more data
 203      * will block.
 204      *
 205      * @return the amount of data available, in bytes
 206      */
 207     int available();
 208 
 209     /**
 210      * Obtains the current position in the audio data, in sample frames. The
 211      * frame position measures the number of sample frames captured by, or
 212      * rendered from, the line since it was opened. This return value will wrap
 213      * around after 2^31 frames. It is recommended to use
 214      * {@code getLongFramePosition} instead.
 215      *
 216      * @return the number of frames already processed since the line was opened
 217      * @see #getLongFramePosition()
 218      */
 219     int getFramePosition();
 220 
 221     /**
 222      * Obtains the current position in the audio data, in sample frames. The
 223      * frame position measures the number of sample frames captured by, or
 224      * rendered from, the line since it was opened.
 225      *
 226      * @return the number of frames already processed since the line was opened
 227      * @since 1.5
 228      */
 229     long getLongFramePosition();
 230 
 231     /**
 232      * Obtains the current position in the audio data, in microseconds. The
 233      * microsecond position measures the time corresponding to the number of
 234      * sample frames captured by, or rendered from, the line since it was
 235      * opened. The level of precision is not guaranteed. For example, an
 236      * implementation might calculate the microsecond position from the current
 237      * frame position and the audio sample frame rate. The precision in
 238      * microseconds would then be limited to the number of microseconds per
 239      * sample frame.
 240      *
 241      * @return the number of microseconds of data processed since the line was
 242      *         opened
 243      */
 244     long getMicrosecondPosition();
 245 
 246     /**
 247      * Obtains the current volume level for the line. This level is a measure of
 248      * the signal's current amplitude, and should not be confused with the
 249      * current setting of a gain control. The range is from 0.0 (silence) to 1.0
 250      * (maximum possible amplitude for the sound waveform). The units measure
 251      * linear amplitude, not decibels.
 252      *
 253      * @return the current amplitude of the signal in this line, or
 254      *         {@link AudioSystem#NOT_SPECIFIED}
 255      */
 256     float getLevel();
 257 
 258     /**
 259      * Besides the class information inherited from its superclass,
 260      * {@code DataLine.Info} provides additional information specific to data
 261      * lines. This information includes:
 262      * <ul>
 263      * <li> the audio formats supported by the data line
 264      * <li> the minimum and maximum sizes of its internal buffer
 265      * </ul>
 266      * Because a {@code Line.Info} knows the class of the line its describes, a
 267      * {@code DataLine.Info} object can describe {@code DataLine} subinterfaces
 268      * such as {@link SourceDataLine}, {@link TargetDataLine}, and {@link Clip}.
 269      * You can query a mixer for lines of any of these types, passing an
 270      * appropriate instance of {@code DataLine.Info} as the argument to a method
 271      * such as {@link Mixer#getLine(Line.Info)}.
 272      *
 273      * @see Line.Info
 274      * @author Kara Kytle
 275      * @since 1.3
 276      */
 277     class Info extends Line.Info {
 278 
 279         private final AudioFormat[] formats;
 280         private final int minBufferSize;
 281         private final int maxBufferSize;
 282 
 283         /**
 284          * Constructs a data line's info object from the specified information,
 285          * which includes a set of supported audio formats and a range for the
 286          * buffer size. This constructor is typically used by mixer
 287          * implementations when returning information about a supported line.
 288          *
 289          * @param  lineClass the class of the data line described by the info
 290          *         object
 291          * @param  formats set of formats supported
 292          * @param  minBufferSize minimum buffer size supported by the data
 293          *         line, in bytes
 294          * @param  maxBufferSize maximum buffer size supported by the data
 295          *         line, in bytes
 296          */
 297         public Info(Class<?> lineClass, AudioFormat[] formats, int minBufferSize, int maxBufferSize) {
 298 
 299             super(lineClass);
 300 
 301             if (formats == null) {
 302                 this.formats = new AudioFormat[0];
 303             } else {
 304                 this.formats = Arrays.copyOf(formats, formats.length);
 305             }
 306 
 307             this.minBufferSize = minBufferSize;
 308             this.maxBufferSize = maxBufferSize;
 309         }
 310 
 311         /**
 312          * Constructs a data line's info object from the specified information,
 313          * which includes a single audio format and a desired buffer size. This
 314          * constructor is typically used by an application to describe a desired
 315          * line.
 316          *
 317          * @param  lineClass the class of the data line described by the info
 318          *         object
 319          * @param  format desired format
 320          * @param  bufferSize desired buffer size in bytes
 321          */
 322         public Info(Class<?> lineClass, AudioFormat format, int bufferSize) {
 323 
 324             super(lineClass);
 325 
 326             if (format == null) {
 327                 this.formats = new AudioFormat[0];
 328             } else {
 329                 this.formats = new AudioFormat[]{format};
 330             }
 331 
 332             this.minBufferSize = bufferSize;
 333             this.maxBufferSize = bufferSize;
 334         }
 335 
 336         /**
 337          * Constructs a data line's info object from the specified information,
 338          * which includes a single audio format. This constructor is typically
 339          * used by an application to describe a desired line.
 340          *
 341          * @param  lineClass the class of the data line described by the info
 342          *         object
 343          * @param  format desired format
 344          */
 345         public Info(Class<?> lineClass, AudioFormat format) {
 346             this(lineClass, format, AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED);
 347         }
 348 
 349         /**
 350          * Obtains a set of audio formats supported by the data line. Note that
 351          * {@code isFormatSupported(AudioFormat)} might return {@code true} for
 352          * certain additional formats that are missing from the set returned by
 353          * {@code getFormats()}. The reverse is not the case:
 354          * {@code isFormatSupported(AudioFormat)} is guaranteed to return
 355          * {@code true} for all formats returned by {@code getFormats()}.
 356          * <p>
 357          * Some fields in the AudioFormat instances can be set to
 358          * {@link AudioSystem#NOT_SPECIFIED NOT_SPECIFIED} if that field does
 359          * not apply to the format, or if the format supports a wide range of
 360          * values for that field. For example, a multi-channel device supporting
 361          * up to 64 channels, could set the channel field in the
 362          * {@code AudioFormat} instances returned by this method to
 363          * {@code NOT_SPECIFIED}.
 364          *
 365          * @return a set of supported audio formats
 366          * @see #isFormatSupported(AudioFormat)
 367          */
 368         public AudioFormat[] getFormats() {
 369             return Arrays.copyOf(formats, formats.length);
 370         }
 371 
 372         /**
 373          * Indicates whether this data line supports a particular audio format.
 374          * The default implementation of this method simply returns {@code true}
 375          * if the specified format matches any of the supported formats.
 376          *
 377          * @param  format the audio format for which support is queried
 378          * @return {@code true} if the format is supported, otherwise
 379          *         {@code false}
 380          * @see #getFormats
 381          * @see AudioFormat#matches
 382          */
 383         public boolean isFormatSupported(AudioFormat format) {
 384 
 385             for (int i = 0; i < formats.length; i++) {
 386                 if (format.matches(formats[i])) {
 387                     return true;
 388                 }
 389             }
 390 
 391             return false;
 392         }
 393 
 394         /**
 395          * Obtains the minimum buffer size supported by the data line.
 396          *
 397          * @return minimum buffer size in bytes, or
 398          *         {@code AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED}
 399          */
 400         public int getMinBufferSize() {
 401             return minBufferSize;
 402         }
 403 
 404         /**
 405          * Obtains the maximum buffer size supported by the data line.
 406          *
 407          * @return maximum buffer size in bytes, or
 408          *         {@code AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED}
 409          */
 410         public int getMaxBufferSize() {
 411             return maxBufferSize;
 412         }
 413 
 414         /**
 415          * Determines whether the specified info object matches this one. To
 416          * match, the superclass match requirements must be met. In addition,
 417          * this object's minimum buffer size must be at least as large as that
 418          * of the object specified, its maximum buffer size must be at most as
 419          * large as that of the object specified, and all of its formats must
 420          * match formats supported by the object specified.
 421          *
 422          * @return {@code true} if this object matches the one specified,
 423          *         otherwise {@code false}
 424          */
 425         @Override
 426         public boolean matches(Line.Info info) {
 427 
 428             if (! (super.matches(info)) ) {
 429                 return false;
 430             }
 431 
 432             Info dataLineInfo = (Info)info;
 433 
 434             // treat anything < 0 as NOT_SPECIFIED
 435             // demo code in old Java Sound Demo used a wrong buffer calculation
 436             // that would lead to arbitrary negative values
 437             if ((getMaxBufferSize() >= 0) && (dataLineInfo.getMaxBufferSize() >= 0)) {
 438                 if (getMaxBufferSize() > dataLineInfo.getMaxBufferSize()) {
 439                     return false;
 440                 }
 441             }
 442 
 443             if ((getMinBufferSize() >= 0) && (dataLineInfo.getMinBufferSize() >= 0)) {
 444                 if (getMinBufferSize() < dataLineInfo.getMinBufferSize()) {
 445                     return false;
 446                 }
 447             }
 448 
 449             AudioFormat[] localFormats = getFormats();
 450 
 451             if (localFormats != null) {
 452 
 453                 for (int i = 0; i < localFormats.length; i++) {
 454                     if (! (localFormats[i] == null) ) {
 455                         if (! (dataLineInfo.isFormatSupported(localFormats[i])) ) {
 456                             return false;
 457                         }
 458                     }
 459                 }
 460             }
 461 
 462             return true;
 463         }
 464 
 465         /**
 466          * Obtains a textual description of the data line info.
 467          *
 468          * @return a string description
 469          */
 470         @Override
 471         public String toString() {
 472 
 473             StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
 474 
 475             if ((formats.length == 1) && (formats[0] != null)) {
 476                 sb.append(" supporting format ").append(formats[0]);
 477             } else if (getFormats().length > 1) {
 478                 sb.append(" supporting ").append(getFormats().length)
 479                         .append(" audio formats");
 480             }
 481 
 482             if ((minBufferSize != AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED)
 483                     && (maxBufferSize != AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED)) {
 484                 sb.append(", and buffers of ").append(minBufferSize)
 485                         .append(" to ").append(maxBufferSize).append(" bytes");
 486             } else if ((minBufferSize != AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED)
 487                     && (minBufferSize > 0)) {
 488                 sb.append(", and buffers of at least ").append(minBufferSize)
 489                         .append(" bytes");
 490             } else if (maxBufferSize != AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED) {
 491                 sb.append(", and buffers of up to ").append(minBufferSize)
 492                         .append(" bytes");
 493             }
 494 
 495             return super.toString() + sb.toString();
 496         }
 497     }
 498 }