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  26 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
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  29 
  30 Provides the management interfaces for monitoring and management of the
  31 Java virtual machine and other components in the Java runtime.
  32 It allows both local and remote
  33 monitoring and management of the running Java virtual machine.
  34 
  35 <h4><a name="MXBean">Platform MXBean</a></h4>
  36 <p>
  37 A platform MXBean is a <i>managed bean</i> that
  38 conforms to the <a href="../../../javax/management/package-summary.html">JMX</a>
  39 Instrumentation Specification and only uses a set of basic data types.
  40 Each platform MXBean is a {@link java.lang.management.PlatformManagedObject}
  41 with a unique
  42 {@linkplain java.lang.management.PlatformManagedObject#getObjectName name}.
  43 <h4>ManagementFactory</h4>
  44 
  45 <p>The {@link java.lang.management.ManagementFactory} class is the management
  46 factory class for the Java platform.  This class provides a set of
  47 static factory methods to obtain the MXBeans for the Java platform
  48 to allow an application to access the MXBeans directly.
  49 
  50 <p>A <em>platform MBeanServer</em> can be accessed with the
  51 {@link java.lang.management.ManagementFactory#getPlatformMBeanServer
  52  getPlatformMBeanServer} method.  On the first call to this method,
  53 it creates the platform MBeanServer and registers all platform MXBeans
  54 including {@linkplain java.lang.management.PlatformManagedObject
  55 platform MXBeans}.
  56 Each platform MXBean is registered with a unique name defined in
  57 the specification of the management interface.
  58 This is a single MBeanServer that can be shared by different managed
  59 components running within the same Java virtual machine.
  60 
  61 <h4>Interoperability</h4>
  62 
  63 <p>A management application and a platform MBeanServer of a running
  64 virtual machine can interoperate
  65 without requiring classes used by the platform MXBean interfaces.
  66 The data types being transmitted between the JMX connector
  67 server and the connector client are JMX
  68 {@linkplain javax.management.openmbean.OpenType open types} and
  69 this allows interoperation across versions.
  70 A data type used by the MXBean interfaces are mapped to an
  71 open type when being accessed via MBeanServer interface.
  72 See the <a href="../../../javax/management/MXBean.html#MXBean-spec">
  73 MXBean</a> specification for details.
  74 
  75 <h4><a name="examples">Ways to Access MXBeans</a></h4>
  76 
  77 <p>An application can monitor the instrumentation of the
  78 Java virtual machine and the runtime in the following ways:
  79 <p>
  80 <b>1. Direct access to an MXBean interface</b>
  81 <ul>
  82 <li>Get an MXBean instance locally in the running Java virtual machine:
  83 <pre>
  84    RuntimeMXBean mxbean = ManagementFactory.getRuntimeMXBean();
  85 
  86    // Get the standard attribute "VmVendor"
  87    String vendor = mxbean.getVmVendor();
  88 </pre>
  89 <p>Or by calling the
  90         {@link java.lang.management.ManagementFactory#getPlatformMXBean(Class)
  91                getPlatformMXBean} or
  92         {@link java.lang.management.ManagementFactory#getPlatformMXBeans(Class)
  93                getPlatformMXBeans} method:
  94 <pre>
  95    RuntimeMXBean mxbean = ManagementFactory.getPlatformMXBean(RuntimeMXBean.class);
  96 
  97    // Get the standard attribute "VmVendor"
  98    String vendor = mxbean.getVmVendor();
  99 </pre>
 100 </li>
 101 <li>Construct an MXBean proxy instance that forwards the
 102     method calls to a given MBeanServer:
 103 <pre>
 104    MBeanServerConnection mbs;
 105 
 106    // Connect to a running JVM (or itself) and get MBeanServerConnection
 107    // that has the JVM MBeans registered in it
 108    ...
 109 
 110    // Get a MBean proxy for RuntimeMXBean interface
 111    RuntimeMXBean proxy =
 112        {@link java.lang.management.ManagementFactory#getPlatformMXBean(MBeanServerConnection, Class)
 113        ManagementFactory.getPlatformMXBean}(mbs,
 114                                            RuntimeMXBean.class);
 115    // Get standard attribute "VmVendor"
 116    String vendor = proxy.getVmVendor();
 117 </pre>
 118 <p>A proxy is typically used to access an MXBean
 119    in a remote Java virtual machine.
 120    An alternative way to create an MXBean proxy is:
 121 <pre>
 122    RuntimeMXBean proxy =
 123        {@link java.lang.management.ManagementFactory#newPlatformMXBeanProxy
 124               ManagementFactory.newPlatformMXBeanProxy}(mbs,
 125                                                 ManagementFactory.RUNTIME_MXBEAN_NAME,
 126                                                 RuntimeMXBean.class);
 127 </pre>
 128 </li>
 129 </ul>
 130 <p>
 131 <b>2. Indirect access to an MXBean interface via MBeanServer</b>
 132 <ul>
 133 <li>Go through the
 134     {@link java.lang.management.ManagementFactory#getPlatformMBeanServer
 135     platform MBeanServer} to access MXBeans locally or
 136     a specific {@code MBeanServerConnection} to access
 137     MXBeans remotely.
 138     The attributes and operations of an MXBean use only
 139     <em>JMX open types</em> which include basic data types,
 140     {@link javax.management.openmbean.CompositeData CompositeData},
 141     and {@link javax.management.openmbean.TabularData TabularData}
 142     defined in {@link javax.management.openmbean.OpenType OpenType}.
 143 <pre>
 144    MBeanServerConnection mbs;
 145 
 146    // Connect to a running JVM (or itself) and get MBeanServerConnection
 147    // that has the JVM MXBeans registered in it
 148    ...
 149 
 150    try {
 151        // Assuming the RuntimeMXBean has been registered in mbs
 152        ObjectName oname = new ObjectName(ManagementFactory.RUNTIME_MXBEAN_NAME);
 153 
 154        // Get standard attribute "VmVendor"
 155        String vendor = (String) mbs.getAttribute(oname, "VmVendor");
 156    } catch (....) {
 157        // Catch the exceptions thrown by ObjectName constructor
 158        // and MBeanServer.getAttribute method
 159        ...
 160    }
 161 </pre>
 162 </li>
 163 </ul>
 164 
 165 
 166 <h4><a name="extension">Platform Extension</a></h4>
 167 
 168 <p>A Java virtual machine implementation may add its platform extension to
 169 the management interface by defining platform-dependent
 170 interfaces that extend the standard management interfaces to include
 171 platform-specific metrics and management operations.
 172 The static factory methods in the <tt>ManagementFactory</tt> class will
 173 return the MXBeans with the platform extension.
 174 
 175 <p>
 176 It is recommended to name the platform-specific attributes with
 177 a vendor-specific prefix such as the vendor's name to
 178 avoid collisions of the attribute name between the future extension
 179 to the standard management interface and the platform extension.
 180 If the future extension to the standard management interface defines
 181 a new attribute for a management interface and the attribute name
 182 is happened to be same as some vendor-specific attribute's name,
 183 the applications accessing that vendor-specific attribute would have
 184 to be modified to cope with versioning and compatibility issues.
 185 
 186 <p>Below is an example showing how to access an attribute
 187 from the platform extension:
 188 
 189 <p>
 190 1) Direct access to the Oracle-specific MXBean interface
 191 <blockquote>
 192 <pre>
 193    List&lt;com.sun.management.GarbageCollectorMXBean&gt; mxbeans =
 194        ManagementFactory.getPlatformMXBeans(com.sun.management.GarbageCollectorMXBean.class);
 195 
 196    for (com.sun.management.GarbageCollectorMXBean gc : mxbeans) {
 197        // Get the standard attribute "CollectionCount"
 198        String count = mxbean.getCollectionCount();
 199 
 200        // Get the platform-specific attribute "LastGcInfo"
 201        GcInfo gcinfo = gc.getLastGcInfo();
 202        ...
 203    }
 204 </pre>
 205 </blockquote>
 206 
 207 <p>
 208 2) Access the Oracle-specific MXBean interface via <tt>MBeanServer</tt>
 209    through proxy
 210 
 211 <blockquote><pre>
 212    MBeanServerConnection mbs;
 213 
 214    // Connect to a running JVM (or itself) and get MBeanServerConnection
 215    // that has the JVM MXBeans registered in it
 216    ...
 217 
 218    List&lt;com.sun.management.GarbageCollectorMXBean&gt; mxbeans =
 219        ManagementFactory.getPlatformMXBeans(mbs, com.sun.management.GarbageCollectorMXBean.class);
 220 
 221    for (com.sun.management.GarbageCollectorMXBean gc : mxbeans) {
 222        // Get the standard attribute "CollectionCount"
 223        String count = mxbean.getCollectionCount();
 224 
 225        // Get the platform-specific attribute "LastGcInfo"
 226        GcInfo gcinfo = gc.getLastGcInfo();
 227        ...
 228    }
 229 </pre></blockquote>
 230 
 231 <p> Unless otherwise noted, passing a <tt>null</tt> argument to a constructor
 232 or method in any class or interface in this package will cause a {@link
 233 java.lang.NullPointerException NullPointerException} to be thrown.
 234 
 235 <p> The java.lang.management API is thread-safe.
 236 
 237 @see <a href="../../../javax/management/package-summary.html">
 238      JMX Specification.</a>
 239 
 240 @author  Mandy Chung
 241 @since   1.5
 242 
 243 </body>
 244 </html>