test/sun/util/calendar/zi/tzdata/asia
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*** 19,35 ****
#
# Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
# or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
# questions.
#
- # <pre>
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
! # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
! # tz@iana.org for general use in the future).
# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11):
#
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
--- 19,35 ----
#
# Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
# or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
# questions.
#
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
! # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
! # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
! # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11):
#
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
*** 47,63 ****
# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
# I found in the UCLA library.
#
# For data circa 1899, a common source is:
! # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
! # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
#
# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
#
! # I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
# Corrections are welcome!
# std dst
# LMT Local Mean Time
# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time
--- 47,67 ----
# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
# I found in the UCLA library.
#
# For data circa 1899, a common source is:
! # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
! # http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
! #
! # For Russian data circa 1919, a source is:
! # Byalokoz EL. New Counting of Time in Russia since July 1, 1919.
! # (See the 'europe' file for a fuller citation.)
#
# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
#
! # I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table;
# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
# Corrections are welcome!
# std dst
# LMT Local Mean Time
# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time
*** 68,94 ****
# 5:30 IST India
# 7:00 ICT Indochina*
# 7:00 WIB west Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Barat)
# 8:00 WITA central Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Tengah)
# 8:00 CST China
! # 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)*
# 9:00 WIT east Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Timur)
# 9:00 JST JDT Japan
# 9:00 KST KDT Korea
! # 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time
#
! # See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia.
# From Guy Harris:
# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as
# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental
# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide -
# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses.
###############################################################################
! # These rules are stolen from the `europe' file.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 -
Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
--- 72,99 ----
# 5:30 IST India
# 7:00 ICT Indochina*
# 7:00 WIB west Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Barat)
# 8:00 WITA central Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Tengah)
# 8:00 CST China
! # 8:00 JWST Western Standard Time (Japan, 1896/1937)*
! # 9:00 JCST Central Standard Time (Japan, 1896/1937)
# 9:00 WIT east Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Timur)
# 9:00 JST JDT Japan
# 9:00 KST KDT Korea
! # 9:30 ACST Australian Central Standard Time
#
! # See the 'europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia.
# From Guy Harris:
# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as
# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental
# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide -
# Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses.
###############################################################################
! # These rules are stolen from the 'europe' file.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 -
Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
*** 156,188 ****
Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time
4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence
3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00
! 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time
4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997
4:00 Azer AZ%sT
# Bahrain
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah
4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
3:00 - AST
# Bangladesh
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13):
# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce
# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30
#
# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16
- # <a href="http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288">
# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288
- # </a>
- # or
- # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html
- # </a>
#
# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from
# June
# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with
# crippling power crisis. "
--- 161,188 ----
Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2
3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time
4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence
3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00
! 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan Time
4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997
4:00 Azer AZ%sT
# Bahrain
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Manamah
4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
3:00 - AST
# Bangladesh
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13):
# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce
# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30
#
# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16
# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html
#
# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from
# June
# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with
# crippling power crisis. "
*** 193,213 ****
# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02):
# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between
# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet.
#
# Some sources:
- # <a href="http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601">
# http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601
- # </a>
- # <a href="http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2">
# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2
- # </a>
#
# Our wrap-up:
- # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html">
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html
- # </a>
# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15):
# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start
# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh
# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission).
--- 193,207 ----
*** 218,278 ****
# Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009,
# instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision.
#
# Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday":
# "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1"
- # <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021">
# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021
- # </a>
- # or
- # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html
- # </a>
# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13):
# IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports:
# Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make
# maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would
# "continue for an indefinite period."
#
# One of many places where it is published:
- # <a href="http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html">
# http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html
- # </a>
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-12-24):
# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star,"
# Bangladesh will change its clock back to Standard Time on Dec 31, 2009.
#
# Clock goes back 1-hr on Dec 31 night.
- # <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228">
# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228
- # </a>
- # and
- # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html
- # </a>
#
# "...The government yesterday decided to put the clock back by one hour
# on December 31 midnight and the new time will continue until March 31,
# 2010 midnight. The decision came at a cabinet meeting at the Prime
# Minister's Office last night..."
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-22):
# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star,"
# Cabinet cancels Daylight Saving Time
- # <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817">
# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817
- # </a>
- # or
- # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html
- # </a>
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Jun 19 23:00 1:00 S
! Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 23:59 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890
5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
--- 212,255 ----
# Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009,
# instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision.
#
# Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday":
# "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1"
# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html
# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13):
# IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports:
# Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make
# maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would
# "continue for an indefinite period."
#
# One of many places where it is published:
# http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-12-24):
# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star,"
# Bangladesh will change its clock back to Standard Time on Dec 31, 2009.
#
# Clock goes back 1-hr on Dec 31 night.
# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html
#
# "...The government yesterday decided to put the clock back by one hour
# on December 31 midnight and the new time will continue until March 31,
# 2010 midnight. The decision came at a cabinet meeting at the Prime
# Minister's Office last night..."
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-22):
# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star,"
# Cabinet cancels Daylight Saving Time
# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Jun 19 23:00 1:00 S
! Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 24:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890
5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
*** 330,363 ****
# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone.
# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though
# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the
! # Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China
! # has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of
# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it.
#
# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too
! # painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for
# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP):
#
# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14
# 1987 mid-April - ??
# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10
! # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
! # Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau)
! # has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST
! # from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's
! # note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986.
! # Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other
! # pre-1980 time zones.
! # From Shanks & Pottenger:
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D
Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D
--- 307,341 ----
# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone.
# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though
# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the
! # Peking (Beijing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China
! # has two of 'em - Peking's and Ürümqi (named after the capital of
# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it.
#
# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too
! # painful to suck in another copy. So, here is what I have for
# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP):
#
# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14
# 1987 mid-April - ??
# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN
# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10
! # From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11):
! # Jim Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight
! # time - sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05 ... [says] that China began
! # observing daylight saving time in 1986.
! # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30):
! # Shanks & Pottenger have China switching to a single time zone in 1980, but
! # this doesn't seem to be correct. They also write that China observed summer
! # DST from 1986 through 1991, which seems to match the above commentary, so
! # go with them for DST rules as follows:
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D
Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D
*** 367,446 ****
# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20):
# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five
# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official
# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949).
#
! # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14):
# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the
# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county
# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two
# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border,
# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are
# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege
# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6
# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two
# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data.
! # From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11):
! # I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk
! # about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986
! # talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim
! # Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight
! # time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this
! # article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began
! # observing daylight saving time in 1986.
#
! # From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11):
! # I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated
! # separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't
! # implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near
! # Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a
! # "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was
! # ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s).
! #
! # From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30):
! # There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949
! # rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a
! # reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with
! # Shanks & Pottenger.
!
! # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! # Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area)
# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin
! Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin
! 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time
! 8:00 - CST 1940
! 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May
! 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May
! 8:00 PRC C%sT
! # Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time")
# most of China
! # Milne gives 8:05:56.7; round to nearest.
! Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:57 - LMT 1928
! 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949
! 8:00 PRC C%sT
! # Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area)
# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan;
# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong
# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing,
# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu.
! Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking
! 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time
! 8:00 PRC C%sT
! # Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time")
# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai;
# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang,
# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi;
# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi;
! # east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe,
# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin,
# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami,
# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan.
! Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi
! 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time
! 8:00 PRC C%sT
! # Kunlun Time
# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule;
# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke,
# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding,
# and Yarkand.
--- 345,456 ----
# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20):
# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five
# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official
# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949).
#
! # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-07-14):
# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the
# http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county
# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two
# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border,
# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are
# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege
# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6
# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two
# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data.
! # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30):
! # Alois Treindl kindly sent me translations of the following two sources:
#
! # (1)
! # Guo Qingsheng (National Time-Service Center, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China)
! # Beijing Time at the Beginning of the PRC
! # China Historical Materials of Science and Technology
! # (Zhongguo ke ji shi liao, 中国科技史料), Vol. 24, No. 1 (2003)
! # It gives evidence that at the beginning of the PRC, Beijing time was
! # officially apparent solar time! However, Guo also says that the
! # evidence is dubious, as the relevant institute of astronomy had not
! # been taken over by the PRC yet. It's plausible that apparent solar
! # time was announced but never implemented, and that people continued
! # to use UT+8. As the Shanghai radio station (and I presume the
! # observatory) was still under control of French missionaries, it
! # could well have ignored any such mandate.
! #
! # (2)
! # Guo Qing-sheng (Shaanxi Astronomical Observatory, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China)
! # A Study on the Standard Time Changes for the Past 100 Years in China
! # [undated and unknown publication location]
! # It says several things:
! # * The Qing dynasty used local apparent solar time throughout China.
! # * The Republic of China instituted Beijing mean solar time effective
! # the official calendar book of 1914.
! # * The French Concession in Shanghai set up signal stations in
! # French docks in the 1890s, controlled by Xujiahui (Zikawei)
! # Observatory and set to local mean time.
! # * "From the end of the 19th century" it changed to UT+8.
! # * Chinese Customs (by then reduced to a tool of foreign powers)
! # eventually standardized on this time for all ports, and it
! # became used by railways as well.
! # * In 1918 the Central Observatory proposed dividing China into
! # five time zones (see below for details). This caught on
! # at first only in coastal areas observing UT+8.
! # * During WWII all of China was in theory was at UT+7. In practice
! # this was ignored in the west, and I presume was ignored in
! # Japanese-occupied territory.
! # * Japanese-occupied Manchuria was at UT+9, i.e., Japan time.
! # * The five-zone plan was resurrected after WWII and officially put into
! # place (with some modifications) in March 1948. It's not clear
! # how well it was observed in areas under Nationalist control.
! # * The People's Liberation Army used UT+8 during the civil war.
! #
! # An AP article "Shanghai Internat'l Area Little Changed" in the
! # Lewiston (ME) Daily Sun (1939-05-29), p 17, said "Even the time is
! # different - the occupied districts going by Tokyo time, an hour
! # ahead of that prevailing in the rest of Shanghai." Guess that the
! # Xujiahui Observatory was under French control and stuck with UT+8.
! #
! # In earlier versions of this file, China had many separate Zone entries, but
! # this was based on what were apparently incorrect data in Shanks & Pottenger.
! # This has now been simplified to the two entries Asia/Shanghai and
! # Asia/Urumqi, with the others being links for backward compatibility.
! # Proposed in 1918 and theoretically in effect until 1949 (although in practice
! # mainly observed in coastal areas), the five zones were:
! #
! # Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) UT+8.5
! # Asia/Harbin (currently a link to Asia/Shanghai)
# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin
! #
! # Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") UT+8
! # Asia/Shanghai
# most of China
! # This currently represents most other zones as well,
! # as apparently these regions have been the same since 1970.
! # Milne gives 8:05:43.2 for Xujiahui Observatory time; round to nearest.
! # Guo says Shanghai switched to UT+8 "from the end of the 19th century".
! #
! # Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) UT+7
! # Asia/Chongqing (currently a link to Asia/Shanghai)
# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan;
# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong
# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing,
# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu.
! #
! # Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") UT+6
! # Asia/Urumqi
! # This currently represents Kunlun Time as well,
! # as apparently the two regions have been the same since 1970.
# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai;
# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang,
# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi;
# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi;
! # east Xinjiang, including Ürümqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe,
# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin,
# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami,
# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan.
! #
! # Kunlun Time UT+5.5
! # Asia/Kashgar (currently a link to Asia/Urumqi)
# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule;
# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke,
# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding,
# and Yarkand.
*** 453,465 ****
#
# On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the
# population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two
# hours behind Beijing time, or UTC +0600. The government of the Xinjiang
# Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as
! # local governments such as the Urumqi city government use both times in
# publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as
! # "Urumqi time." When Uyghurs make an appointment in the Uyghur language
# they almost invariably use Xinjiang time.
#
# (Their ethnic Han compatriots would typically have no clue of its
# widespread use, however, because so extremely few of them are fluent in
# Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.)
--- 463,475 ----
#
# On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the
# population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two
# hours behind Beijing time, or UTC +0600. The government of the Xinjiang
# Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as
! # local governments such as the Ürümqi city government use both times in
# publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as
! # "Ürümqi time." When Uyghurs make an appointment in the Uyghur language
# they almost invariably use Xinjiang time.
#
# (Their ethnic Han compatriots would typically have no clue of its
# widespread use, however, because so extremely few of them are fluent in
# Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.)
*** 467,502 ****
# (...As with the rest of China there was a brief interval ending in 1990
# or 1991 when summer time was in use. The confusion was severe, with
# the province not having dual times but four times in use at the same
# time. Some areas remained on standard Xinjiang time or Beijing time and
# others moving their clocks ahead.)
- #
- # ...an example of an official website using of Urumqi time.
- #
- # The first few lines of the Google translation of
- # <a href="http://www.fjysgl.gov.cn/show.aspx?id=2379&cid=39">
- # http://www.fjysgl.gov.cn/show.aspx?id=2379&cid=39
- # </a>
- # (retrieved 2009-10-13)
- # > Urumqi fire seven people are missing the alleged losses of at least
- # > 500 million yuan
- # >
- # > (Reporter Dong Liu) the day before 20:20 or so (Urumqi Time 18:20),
- # > Urumqi City Department of International Plaza Luther Qiantang River
- # > burst fire. As of yesterday, 18:30, Urumqi City Fire officers and men
- # > have worked continuously for 22 hours...
# From Luther Ma (2009-11-19):
# With the risk of being redundant to previous answers these are the most common
# English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols):
#
# 1. Wulumuqi...
# 2. Kashi...
# 3. Urumqi...
# 4. Kashgar...
# ...
! # 5. It seems that Uyghurs in Urumqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the
# 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding
# countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child.
#
# 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any
# start date for Xinjiang time.
--- 477,497 ----
# (...As with the rest of China there was a brief interval ending in 1990
# or 1991 when summer time was in use. The confusion was severe, with
# the province not having dual times but four times in use at the same
# time. Some areas remained on standard Xinjiang time or Beijing time and
# others moving their clocks ahead.)
# From Luther Ma (2009-11-19):
# With the risk of being redundant to previous answers these are the most common
# English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols):
#
# 1. Wulumuqi...
# 2. Kashi...
# 3. Urumqi...
# 4. Kashgar...
# ...
! # 5. It seems that Uyghurs in Ürümqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the
# 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding
# countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child.
#
# 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any
# start date for Xinjiang time.
*** 504,517 ****
# Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally
# publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur
# Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also
# not be using Beijing time, but some local time.)
! Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar
! 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time
! 5:00 - KAST 1980 May
8:00 PRC C%sT
# Hong Kong (Xianggang)
# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this.
--- 499,557 ----
# Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally
# publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur
# Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also
# not be using Beijing time, but some local time.)
! # From David Cochrane (2014-03-26):
! # Just a confirmation that Ürümqi time was implemented in Ürümqi on 1 Feb 1986:
! # http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,960684,00.html
!
! # From Luther Ma (2014-04-22):
! # I have interviewed numerous people of various nationalities and from
! # different localities in Xinjiang and can confirm the information in Guo's
! # report regarding Xinjiang, as well as the Time article reference by David
! # Cochrane. Whether officially recognized or not (and both are officially
! # recognized), two separate times have been in use in Xinjiang since at least
! # the Cultural Revolution: Xinjiang Time (XJT), aka Ürümqi Time or local time;
! # and Beijing Time. There is no confusion in Xinjiang as to which name refers
! # to which time. Both are widely used in the province, although in some
! # population groups might be use one to the exclusion of the other. The only
! # problem is that computers and smart phones list Ürümqi (or Kashgar) as
! # having the same time as Beijing.
!
! # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30):
! # In the early days of the PRC, Tibet was given its own time zone (UT+6) but
! # this was withdrawn in 1959 and never reinstated; see Tubten Khétsun,
! # Memories of life in Lhasa under Chinese Rule, Columbia U Press, ISBN
! # 978-0231142861 (2008), translator's introduction by Matthew Akester, p x.
! # As this is before our 1970 cutoff, Tibet doesn't need a separate zone.
! #
! # Xinjiang Time is well-documented as being officially recognized. E.g., see
! # "The Working-Calendar for The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Government"
! # <http://www.sinkiang.gov.cn/service/ourworking/> (2014-04-22).
! # Unfortunately, we have no good records of time in Xinjiang before 1986.
! # During the 20th century parts of Xinjiang were ruled by the Qing dynasty,
! # the Republic of China, various warlords, the First and Second East Turkestan
! # Republics, the Soviet Union, the Kuomintang, and the People's Republic of
! # China, and tracking down all these organizations' timekeeping rules would be
! # quite a trick. Approximate this lost history by a transition from LMT to
! # XJT at the start of 1928, the year of accession of the warlord Jin Shuren,
! # which happens to be the date given by Shanks & Pottenger (no doubt as a
! # guess) as the transition from LMT. Ignore the usage of UT+8 before
! # 1986-02-01 under the theory that the transition date to UT+8 is unknown and
! # that the sort of users who prefer Asia/Urumqi now typically ignored the
! # UT+8 mandate back then.
!
! # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! # Beijing time, used throughout China; represented by Shanghai.
! Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:43 - LMT 1901
! 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949
8:00 PRC C%sT
+ # Xinjiang time, used by many in western China; represented by Ürümqi / Ürümchi
+ # / Wulumuqi. (Please use Asia/Shanghai if you prefer Beijing time.)
+ Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928
+ 6:00 - XJT
# Hong Kong (Xianggang)
# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this.
*** 522,540 ****
# it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK,
# and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing
# and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I
# think 3:30 is correct. The official DST record for Hong Kong can be
# obtained from
- # <a href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm">
# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm
- # </a>.
# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28):
# Here are the dates given at
- # <a href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm">
# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm
- # </a>
# as of 2009-10-28:
# Year Period
# 1941 1 Apr to 30 Sep
# 1942 Whole year
# 1943 Whole year
--- 562,576 ----
*** 610,660 ****
###############################################################################
# Taiwan
- # Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it
- # was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't
- # have any other information.
-
# From smallufo (2010-04-03):
! # According to Taiwan's CWB,
! # <a href="http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm">
# http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm
- # </a>
# Taipei has DST in 1979 between July 1st and Sep 30.
! # From Arthur David Olson (2010-04-07):
! # Here's Google's translation of the table at the bottom of the "summert.htm" page:
! # Decade Name Start and end date
! # Republic of China 34 years to 40 years (AD 1945-1951 years) Summer Time May 1 to September 30
! # 41 years of the Republic of China (AD 1952) Daylight Saving Time March 1 to October 31
! # Republic of China 42 years to 43 years (AD 1953-1954 years) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to October 31
! # In the 44 years to 45 years (AD 1955-1956 years) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to September 30
! # Republic of China 46 years to 48 years (AD 1957-1959) Summer Time April 1 to September 30
! # Republic of China 49 years to 50 years (AD 1960-1961) Summer Time June 1 to September 30
! # Republic of China 51 years to 62 years (AD 1962-1973 years) Stop Summer Time
! # Republic of China 63 years to 64 years (1974-1975 AD) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to September 30
! # Republic of China 65 years to 67 years (1976-1978 AD) Stop Daylight Saving Time
! # Republic of China 68 years (AD 1979) Daylight Saving Time July 1 to September 30
! # Republic of China since 69 years (AD 1980) Stop Daylight Saving Time
!
! # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
! Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
! Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
! Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D
! Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei
8:00 Taiwan C%sT
# Macau (Macao, Aomen)
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
--- 646,777 ----
###############################################################################
# Taiwan
# From smallufo (2010-04-03):
! # According to Taiwan's CWB [Central Weather Bureau],
# http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm
# Taipei has DST in 1979 between July 1st and Sep 30.
! # From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12):
! # On Dec 28, 1895, the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of
! # Meiji Year 28 "The clause about standard time", mentioned that
! # Taiwan and Penghu Islands, as well as Yaeyama and Miyako Islands
! # (both in Okinawa) adopt the Western Standard Time which is based on
! # 120E. The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896. The original text can be
! # found on Wikisource:
! # http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時)
! # ... This could be the first adoption of time zone in Taiwan, because
! # during the Qing Dynasty, it seems that there was no time zone
! # declared officially.
! #
! # Later, in the beginning of World War II, on Sep 25, 1937, the Showa
! # Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 "The clause of
! # revision in the ordinance No. 167 of Meiji year 28 about standard
! # time", in which abolished the adoption of Western Standard Time in
! # western islands (listed above), which means the whole Japan
! # territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan Central Time
! # (UTC+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937. The original text can
! # be found on Wikisource:
! # http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件
! #
! # That is, the time zone of Taipei switched to UTC+9 on Oct 1, 1937.
!
! # From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02):
! # I've found more evidence about when the time zone was switched from UTC+9
! # back to UTC+8 after WW2. I believe it was on Sep 21, 1945. In a document
! # during Japanese era [1] in which the officer told the staff to change time
! # zone back to Western Standard Time (UTC+8) on Sep 21. And in another
! # history page of National Cheng Kung University [2], on Sep 21 there is a
! # note "from today, switch back to Western Standard Time". From these two
! # materials, I believe that the time zone change happened on Sep 21. And
! # today I have found another monthly journal called "The Astronomical Herald"
! # from The Astronomical Society of Japan [3] in which it mentioned the fact
! # that:
! #
! # 1. Standard Time of the Country (Japan) was adopted on Jan 1, 1888, using
! # the time at 135E (GMT+9)
! #
! # 2. Standard Time of the Country was renamed to Central Standard Time, on Jan
! # 1, 1898, and on the same day, the new territories Taiwan and Penghu islands,
! # as well as Yaeyama and Miyako islands, adopted a new time zone called
! # Western Standard Time, which is in GMT+8.
! #
! # 3. Western Standard Time was deprecated on Sep 30, 1937. From then all the
! # territories of Japan adopted the same time zone, which is Central Standard
! # Time.
! #
! # [1] Academica Historica, Taiwan:
! # http://163.29.208.22:8080/govsaleShowImage/connect_img.php?s=00101738900090036&e=00101738900090037
! # [2] Nat'l Cheng Kung University 70th Anniversary Special Site:
! # http://www.ncku.edu.tw/~ncku70/menu/001/01_01.htm
! # [3] Yukio Niimi, The Standard Time in Japan (1997), p.475:
! # http://www.asj.or.jp/geppou/archive_open/1997/pdf/19971001c.pdf
!
! # Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-03):
! # I finally have found the real official gazette about changing back to
! # Western Standard Time on Sep 21 in Taiwan. It's Taiwan Governor-General
! # Bulletin No. 386 in Showa 20 years (1945), published on Sep 19, 1945. [1] ...
! # [It] abolishes Bulletin No. 207 in Showa 12 years (1937), which is a local
! # bulletin in Taiwan for that Ordinance No. 529. It also mentioned that 1am on
! # Sep 21, 1945 will be 12am on Sep 21. I think this bulletin is much more
! # official than the one I mentioned in my first mail, because it's from the
! # top-level government in Taiwan. If you're going to quote any resource, this
! # would be a good one.
! # [1] Taiwan Governor-General Gazette, No. 1018, Sep 19, 1945:
! # http://db2.th.gov.tw/db2/view/viewImg.php?imgcode=0072031018a&num=19&bgn=019&end=019&otherImg=&type=gener
!
! # From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02):
! # In 1946, DST in Taiwan was from May 15 and ended on Sep 30. The info from
! # Central Weather Bureau website was not correct.
! #
! # Original Bulletin:
! # http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=03502F0AKM1AF
! # http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0350300AKM1B0 (cont.)
! #
! # In 1947, DST in Taiwan was expanded to Oct 31. There is a backup of that
! # telegram announcement from Taiwan Province Government:
! #
! # http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0360310AKZ431
! #
! # Here is a brief translation:
! #
! # The Summer Time this year is adopted from midnight Apr 15 until Sep 20
! # midnight. To save (energy?) consumption, we're expanding Summer Time
! # adoption till Oct 31 midnight.
! #
! # The Central Weather Bureau website didn't mention that, however it can
! # be found from historical government announcement database.
!
! # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-03):
! # As per Yu-Cheng Chuang, say that Taiwan was at UT+9 from 1937-10-01
! # until 1945-09-21 at 01:00, overriding Shanks & Pottenger.
! # Likewise, use Yu-Cheng Chuang's data for DST in Taiwan.
!
! # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
! Rule Taiwan 1946 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D
! Rule Taiwan 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
! Rule Taiwan 1947 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D
! Rule Taiwan 1947 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
! Rule Taiwan 1948 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
! Rule Taiwan 1948 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
! Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 D
! Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! # Taipei or Taibei or T'ai-pei
! Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 Jan 1
! 8:00 - JWST 1937 Oct 1
! 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 21 1:00
8:00 Taiwan C%sT
# Macau (Macao, Aomen)
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S
*** 670,680 ****
Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 -
Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S
Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912
8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China
8:00 PRC C%sT
###############################################################################
--- 787,797 ----
Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 -
Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S
Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1
8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China
8:00 PRC C%sT
###############################################################################
*** 719,729 ****
#
# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet
# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it
# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours
# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia,
! # Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process
# of integration into Europe.
# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07):
# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on
# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years.
--- 836,846 ----
#
# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet
# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it
# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours
# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia,
! # Mikheil Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process
# of integration into Europe.
# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07):
# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on
# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years.
*** 732,745 ****
# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document,
# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time....
# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our
# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880
! 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time
4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence
3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time
3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun
--- 849,865 ----
# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document,
# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time....
# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our
# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month.
+ # Milne 1899 says Tbilisi (Tiflis) time was 2:59:05.7.
+ # Byalokoz 1919 says Georgia was 2:59:11.
+ # Go with Byalokoz.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:11 - LMT 1880
! 2:59:11 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time
4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence
3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time
3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun
*** 751,787 ****
# East Timor
# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition.
! # From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in
! # <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm">
# East Timor may be late for its millennium
! # </a> (1999-12-26/31):
# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun
# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the
# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it
# conflicts with their way of life.
# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
# We don't have any record of the above attempt.
# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data.
- # <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html">
# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General
! # (2000-08-16)</a>:
# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided
# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change,
# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at
# midnight on Saturday, September 16.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912
8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3
! 8:00 - WITA 2000 Sep 17 00:00
9:00 - TLT
# India
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata
--- 871,906 ----
# East Timor
# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition.
! # From João Carrascalão, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in
# East Timor may be late for its millennium
! # <http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm> (1999-12-26/31):
# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun
# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the
# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it
# conflicts with their way of life.
# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
# We don't have any record of the above attempt.
# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data.
# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General
! # http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/2000/00-08-16.undh.html
! # (2000-08-16):
# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided
# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change,
# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at
# midnight on Saturday, September 16.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1
8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3
! 8:00 - WITA 2000 Sep 17 0:00
9:00 - TLT
# India
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata
*** 796,806 ****
# Nicobar Is
# Indonesia
#
# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger:
! # <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime>
# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some
# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat
# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7.
#
# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10):
--- 915,925 ----
# Nicobar Is
# Indonesia
#
# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger:
! # http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime
# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some
# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat
# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7.
#
# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10):
*** 808,818 ****
# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in
# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and
# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus
# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore.
# These would be the earliest possible times for a change.
! # Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions
# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched
# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura
# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura
# switched on 1945-09-23.
#
--- 927,937 ----
# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in
# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and
# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus
# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore.
# These would be the earliest possible times for a change.
! # Régimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Éditions
# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched
# from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura
# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura
# switched on 1945-09-23.
#
*** 859,869 ****
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
8:00 - WITA
# Maluku Islands, West Papua, Papua
Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov
9:00 - WIT 1944 Sep 1
! 9:30 - CST 1964
9:00 - WIT
# Iran
# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15):
--- 978,988 ----
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23
8:00 - WITA
# Maluku Islands, West Papua, Papua
Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov
9:00 - WIT 1944 Sep 1
! 9:30 - ACST 1964
9:00 - WIT
# Iran
# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15):
*** 925,935 ****
#
# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22):
# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore:
# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm
#
! # From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen:
# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce
# daylight saving time ...
# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916
#
# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05):
--- 1044,1054 ----
#
# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22):
# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore:
# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm
#
! # From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Nørgaard Welen:
# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce
# daylight saving time ...
# http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916
#
# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05):
*** 1016,1045 ****
# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10):
# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following
# news sources (in Arabic):
- # <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html">
# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html
- # </a>
- # <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10">
# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10
- # </a>
#
# We have published a short article in English about the change:
- # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html">
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html
- # </a>
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S
Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D
! # IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo.
# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this.
#
Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D
Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
--- 1135,1158 ----
# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10):
# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following
# news sources (in Arabic):
# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html
# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10
#
# We have published a short article in English about the change:
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S
Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D
! # IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the ':01' is a typo.
# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this.
#
Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D
Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
*** 1279,1297 ****
###############################################################################
# Japan
! # `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris.
# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06):
# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had
! # daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued
! # because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.''
! # From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times
! # <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>:
# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on
# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of
# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated
# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to
# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San
--- 1392,1410 ----
###############################################################################
# Japan
! # '9:00' and 'JST' is from Guy Harris.
# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06):
# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had
! # daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but "the system was discontinued
! # because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours."
! # From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times:
! # http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm
# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on
# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of
# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated
# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to
# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San
*** 1311,1360 ****
# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what
# would have been the point of the 1951 poll?
# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
! # Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0.
# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996'
# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan....
# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07.
# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan,
! # which stands for the time on E 135 degree.
# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central
# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard
! # time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard
# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No.
# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is
# standard....
#
# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate.
# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor.
! # Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few
! # places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all
! # ordinances took effect on Jan 1.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u
! 9:00 - JST 1896
! 9:00 - CJT 1938
9:00 Japan J%sT
# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo.
# Jordan
#
! # From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html">
! # Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight,
# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time
# all year round.
#
! # From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html">
! # Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09):
# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back
# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final!
# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in
# government's departments from six to seven hours.
#
--- 1424,1480 ----
# that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what
# would have been the point of the 1951 poll?
# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
! # Observatory: 139 degrees 44' 40.90" E (9h 18m 58.727s),
! # 35 degrees 39' 16.0" N.
# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996'
# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan....
# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07.
# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan,
! # which stands for the time on 135 degrees E.
# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central
# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard
! # time", which stands for the time on 120 degrees E.... But "western standard
# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No.
# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is
# standard....
#
# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate.
# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor.
! # From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12):
! # ...the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of Meiji Year 28 "The clause
! # about standard time" ... The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896.
! # http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時)
! #
! # ...the Showa Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 ... which
! # means the whole Japan territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan
! # Central Time (UTC+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937.
! # http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u
! 9:00 - JST 1896 Jan 1
! 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1
9:00 Japan J%sT
# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo.
# Jordan
#
! # From <http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html>
! # Jordan Week (1999-07-01) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09):
# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight,
# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time
# all year round.
#
! # From <http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html>
! # Jordan Week (1999-09-30) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09):
# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back
# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final!
# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in
# government's departments from six to seven hours.
#
*** 1370,1382 ****
# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27".
#
# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02):
# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic):
- # <a href="http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279">
# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279
- # </a>
#
# Google's translation:
#
# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely
# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday
--- 1490,1500 ----
*** 1463,1475 ****
#
# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991.
# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00.
# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989.
! # <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm">
! # From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21):
! # </a>
# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing
# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health
# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity.
#
# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28):
--- 1581,1592 ----
#
# - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991.
# - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00.
# - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989.
! # From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11
! # <http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm> (2005-03-21):
# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing
# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health
# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity.
#
# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28):
*** 1501,1511 ****
5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991
5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15
6:00 - QYZT
! # Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk)
Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2
4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time
5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1
5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1
6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1
--- 1618,1628 ----
5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991
5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence
5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00
6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15
6:00 - QYZT
! # Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Aktyubinsk)
Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2
4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time
5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1
5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1
6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1
*** 1541,1551 ****
# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan)
# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger.
# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15):
# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway
! # <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml>
# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article
# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC.
# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21):
# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005.
# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving.
--- 1658,1668 ----
# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan)
# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger.
# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15):
# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway
! # http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml
# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article
# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC.
# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21):
# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005.
# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving.
*** 1565,1576 ****
###############################################################################
# Korea (North and South)
! # From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in
! # <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>:
# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already
# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said
# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight
# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War.
--- 1682,1693 ----
###############################################################################
# Korea (North and South)
! # From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10):
! # http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp
# The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already
# commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said
# the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight
# saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War.
*** 1579,1617 ****
Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D
Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890
8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
! 9:00 - KST 1928
8:30 - KST 1932
9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10
8:30 - KST 1968 Oct
9:00 ROK K%sT
Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890
8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
! 9:00 - KST 1928
8:30 - KST 1932
9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10
9:00 - KST
###############################################################################
# Kuwait
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
- # From the Arab Times (2007-03-14):
- # The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded
- # by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in
- # Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba.
- # <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>.
- # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29):
- # We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen,
- # so for now we assume no DST.
Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950
3:00 - AST
# Laos
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
--- 1696,1736 ----
Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D
Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
+ # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-01):
+ # The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger, except that I
+ # guessed that time zone abbreviations through 1945 followed the same
+ # rules as discussed under Taiwan, with nominal switches from JST to KST
+ # when the respective cities were taken over by the Allies after WWII.
+
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890
8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
! 9:00 - JCST 1928
8:30 - KST 1932
+ 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1
+ 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 8
9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10
8:30 - KST 1968 Oct
9:00 ROK K%sT
Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890
8:30 - KST 1904 Dec
! 9:00 - JCST 1928
8:30 - KST 1932
+ 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1
+ 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 24
9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21
8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10
9:00 - KST
###############################################################################
# Kuwait
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950
3:00 - AST
# Laos
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
*** 1655,1666 ****
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer
Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 -
#
# peninsular Malaysia
! # The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
! # <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
--- 1774,1785 ----
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer
Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 -
#
# peninsular Malaysia
! # taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
! # http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
*** 1668,1680 ****
7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1
8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time
# Sabah & Sarawak
! # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
! # The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982
! # transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time
8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
--- 1787,1799 ----
7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1
8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time
# Sabah & Sarawak
! # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-12):
! # The data entries here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945
! # and 1982 transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time
8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
*** 1688,1717 ****
5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time
# Mongolia
# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but
! # usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03)
! # both say that it has just one.
# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11):
- # <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm">
# General Information Mongolia
! # </a> (1999-09)
# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of
! # Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and
# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus
# eight hours."
# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13):
# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998
# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am
# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time
# of implementation may have been different....
# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time
# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod,
! # Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij.
# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15):
# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia.
# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone;
# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us,
--- 1807,1835 ----
5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time
# Mongolia
# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but
! # The USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World
! # (2005-03) both say that it has just one.
# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11):
# General Information Mongolia
! # <http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm> (1999-09)
# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of
! # Bayan-Ölgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and
# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus
# eight hours."
# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13):
# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998
# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am
# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time
# of implementation may have been different....
# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time
# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod,
! # Sükhbaatar, and possibly Khentii.
# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15):
# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia.
# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone;
# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us,
*** 1721,1734 ****
# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13):
# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier
# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28),
# there are three time zones.
#
! # Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai
! # Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov,
! # Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi
! # Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar
#
# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.]
# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17):
# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March.
--- 1839,1852 ----
# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13):
# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier
# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28),
# there are three time zones.
#
! # Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-Ölgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai
! # Provinces [at 8:00]: Khövsgöl, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Töv,
! # Bayankhongor, Övörkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Ömnögovi
! # Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sükhbaatar
#
# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.]
# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17):
# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March.
*** 1741,1760 ****
# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones.
# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says
# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft
! # Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that
# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST.
# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in
# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed.
# He also found
! # <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&>
# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius"
# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones.
# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT
! # and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT.
# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the
# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session."
# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation.
# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26):
--- 1859,1878 ----
# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones.
# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says
# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft
! # Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykänen (2005-05-16) reports that
# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST.
# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in
# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed.
# He also found
! # http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&
# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius"
# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones.
# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT
! # and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sükhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT.
# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the
# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session."
# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation.
# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26):
*** 1766,1798 ****
# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for
# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT
# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz
# database on this, e.g.:
#
- # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026">
# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026
- # </a>
- # <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx">
# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx
- # </a>
#
# both say GMT+08:00.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31):
# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight
# schedule here:
- # <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112">
# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112
- # </a>
# (click the English flag for English)
#
! # There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive
# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the
! # direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern
! # direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are
# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and
! # Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed).
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19):
# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00.
# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition
# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report);
--- 1884,1910 ----
# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for
# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT
# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz
# database on this, e.g.:
#
# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026
# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx
#
# both say GMT+08:00.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31):
# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight
# schedule here:
# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112
# (click the English flag for English)
#
! # There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbaatar arrive
# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the
! # direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khovd takes 2 hours in the Eastern
! # direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbaatar and Khovd are
# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and
! # Ulaanbaatar are in the same time zone (correction needed).
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19):
# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00.
# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition
# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report);
*** 1804,1814 ****
# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00,
# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM
# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998.
#
# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches
! # in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place
# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of
# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their
# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly
# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now.
--- 1916,1926 ----
# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00,
# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM
# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998.
#
# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches
! # in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sükhbaatar) took place
# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of
# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their
# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly
# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now.
*** 1826,1836 ****
7:00 Mongol HOV%sT
# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga
Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug
7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time
8:00 Mongol ULA%sT
! # Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan,
# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan
Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug
7:00 - ULAT 1978
8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr
9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time
--- 1938,1948 ----
7:00 Mongol HOV%sT
# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga
Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug
7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time
8:00 Mongol ULA%sT
! # Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tümen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan,
# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan
Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug
7:00 - ULAT 1978
8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr
9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time
*** 1858,1868 ****
# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was
# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the
# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on.
# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15):
! # Jesper Norgaard found this URL:
# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm
# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to
# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first
# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on
# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00,
--- 1970,1980 ----
# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was
# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the
# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on.
# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15):
! # Jesper Nørgaard found this URL:
# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm
# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to
# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first
# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on
# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00,
*** 1890,1952 ****
# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15):
#
# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time
# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months.
#
! # "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help
! # reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and
! # moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months.
! # ...."
#
- # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html
- # </a>
- # OR
- # <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4">
# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4
- # </a>
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19):
# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess.
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28):
# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced
! # for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31
# instead of August 31.
#
- # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html
- # </a>
- # OR
- # <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html">
# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html
- # </a>
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08):
# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to
# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance
# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in
# official working."
- # <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280">
# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280
- # </a>
#
# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to
# introduce DST from April 15, 2009
#
# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan
# April 08, 2009
# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15
- # <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1">
# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1
- # </a>
- #
- # or
- #
- # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html
- # </a>
#
# ....
# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to
# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to
# conserve energy"
--- 2002,2044 ----
# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15):
#
# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time
# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months.
#
! # "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to
! # help reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at
! # 9pm and moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. ...."
#
# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html
# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19):
# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess.
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28):
# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced
! # for another 2 months - plan to return to Standard Time on October 31
# instead of August 31.
#
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html
# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08):
# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to
# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance
# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in
# official working."
# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280
#
# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to
# introduce DST from April 15, 2009
#
# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan
# April 08, 2009
# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15
# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html
#
# ....
# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to
# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to
# conserve energy"
*** 1955,1992 ****
# "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal
# Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the
# clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to
# this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in
# this regard."
- # <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168">
# http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168
- # </a>
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28):
# According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that
! # Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October
! # 1, 2009.
#
# "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct"
- # <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2">
# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2
- # </a>
- # or
- # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm">
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm
- # </a>
-
- # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29):
- # Alexander Krivenyshev wrote:
- # > According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that
- # > Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October
- # > 1, 2009.
#
# Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date:
- # <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742">
# http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742
- # </a>
# "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1.
# Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on
# Monday."
#
# And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year:
--- 2047,2070 ----
# "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal
# Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the
# clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to
# this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in
# this regard."
# http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28):
# According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that
! # Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from
! # October 1, 2009.
#
# "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct"
# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm
#
+ # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29):
# Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date:
# http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742
# "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1.
# Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on
# Monday."
#
# And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year:
*** 1994,2008 ****
# on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without
# obtaining prior approval, the officials added."
#
# We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of
# Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company:
- # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html">
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html
- # </a>
! # From Christoph Goehre (2009-10-01):
# [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan
# will go back to standard time on 1st of November.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-26):
# Steffen Thorsen wrote:
--- 2072,2084 ----
# on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without
# obtaining prior approval, the officials added."
#
# We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of
# Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company:
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html
! # From Christoph Göhre (2009-10-01):
# [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan
# will go back to standard time on 1st of November.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-26):
# Steffen Thorsen wrote:
*** 2014,2039 ****
# > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not - but
# > April 1 could be a more likely date than April 15.
# Now, it seems that the decision to not observe DST in final:
#
# "Govt Withdraws Plan To Advance Clocks"
- # <a href="http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041">
# http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041
- # </a>
#
# "People laud PM's announcement to end DST"
- # <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2">
# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2
- # </a>
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S
Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 -
Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
! Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S
- Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907
5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
--- 2090,2110 ----
# > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not - but
# > April 1 could be a more likely date than April 15.
# Now, it seems that the decision to not observe DST in final:
#
# "Govt Withdraws Plan To Advance Clocks"
# http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041
#
# "People laud PM's announcement to end DST"
# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S
Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 -
Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S
! Rule Pakistan 2008 2009 - Nov 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907
5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15
*** 2103,2116 ****
# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks
# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule,
# the PA has decided to implement DST in April.
# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
! # Daoud Kuttab writes in
! # <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html">
! # Holiday havoc
! # </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that
# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15.
# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source).
# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00,
# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October.
--- 2174,2186 ----
# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks
# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule,
# the PA has decided to implement DST in April.
# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
! # Daoud Kuttab writes in Holiday havoc
! # http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html
! # (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that
# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15.
# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source).
# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00,
# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October.
*** 2119,2129 ****
# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23):
# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of
# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think
# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks
! # earlier--the same goes for Jordan.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the
# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I
# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not
--- 2189,2199 ----
# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23):
# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of
# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think
# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks
! # earlier - the same goes for Jordan.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the
# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I
# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not
*** 2138,2148 ****
# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn
# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week.
# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well,
# because of the Ramadan.
! # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18):
# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the
# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00.
# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20):
# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when
--- 2208,2218 ----
# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn
# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week.
# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well,
# because of the Ramadan.
! # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-09-18):
# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the
# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00.
# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20):
# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when
*** 2155,2322 ****
# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan.
#
# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while
# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008).
#
- # <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001">
# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001
- # </a>
- # <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087">
# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087
- # </a>
- # or
- # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html
- # </a>
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26):
# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian
# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March
# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009.
#
# (in Arabic)
- # <a href="http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850">
# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850
- # </a>
#
- # or
# (English translation)
- # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html
- # </a>
# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31):
# Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to
# winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04.
#
# One news source:
- # <a href="http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158">
# http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158
- # </a>
# (Palestinian press agency, Arabic),
# Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah
# headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of
# 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty
# minutes per hour as of Friday morning."
#
# We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different
# end date, we will keep this page updated:
- # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html">
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html
- # </a>
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02):
# Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank.
#
# According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan
# to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009.
#
# "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza"
# (from Palestinian National Authority):
- # <a href="http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505
# http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505
- # </a>
- # or
- # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html>
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html
- # </a>
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-19):
# According to Voice of Palestine DST will last for 191 days, from March
# 26, 2010 till "the last Sunday before the tenth day of Tishri
# (October), each year" (October 03, 2010?)
#
- # <a href="http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697">
# http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697
- # </a>
# (in Arabic)
- # or
- # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html
- # </a>
# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-24):
# ...Ma'an News Agency reports that Hamas cabinet has decided it will
# start one day later, at 12:01am. Not sure if they really mean 12:01am or
# noon though:
#
- # <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178">
# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178
- # </a>
# (Ma'an News Agency)
# "At 12:01am Friday, clocks in Israel and the West Bank will change to
# 1:01am, while Gaza clocks will change at 12:01am Saturday morning."
# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-08-11):
# According to several sources, including
- # <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795">
# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795
- # </a>
# the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in
# Gaza and the West Bank.
# Some more background info:
- # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html">
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html
- # </a>
# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-08-26):
# Gaza and the West Bank did go back to standard time in the beginning of
# August, and will now enter daylight saving time again on 2011-08-30
# 00:00 (so two periods of DST in 2011). The pause was because of
# Ramadan.
#
- # <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217">
# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217
- # </a>
# Additional info:
- # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html">
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html
- # </a>
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-08-27):
# According to the article in The Jerusalem Post:
# "...Earlier this month, the Palestinian government in the West Bank decided to
# move to standard time for 30 days, during Ramadan. The Palestinians in the
# Gaza Strip accepted the change and also moved their clocks one hour back.
# The Hamas government said on Saturday that it won't observe summertime after
# the Muslim feast of Id al-Fitr, which begins on Tuesday..."
# ...
- # <a href="http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650">
# http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650
- # </a>
- # or
- # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html
! # </a>
! # The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-09-30):
# West Bank did end Daylight Saving Time this morning/midnight (2011-09-30
# 00:00).
# So West Bank and Gaza now have the same time again.
#
# Many sources, including:
- # <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808">
# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808
- # </a>
# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26):
# Palestinian news sources tell that both Gaza and West Bank will start DST
# on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00).
# Some of many sources in Arabic:
- # <a href="http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638">
# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638
- # </a>
#
- # <a href="http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html">
# http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html
- # </a>
#
# Our brief summary:
- # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html">
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html
- # </a>
# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26):
# The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving
# time from midnight on Friday, March 29, 2013" (translated).
# [These are in Arabic and are for Gaza and for Ramallah, respectively.]
--- 2225,2343 ----
# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan.
#
# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while
# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008).
#
# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001
# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26):
# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian
# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March
# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009.
#
# (in Arabic)
# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850
#
# (English translation)
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html
# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31):
# Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to
# winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04.
#
# One news source:
# http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158
# (Palestinian press agency, Arabic),
# Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah
# headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of
# 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty
# minutes per hour as of Friday morning."
#
# We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different
# end date, we will keep this page updated:
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02):
# Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank.
#
# According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan
# to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009.
#
# "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza"
# (from Palestinian National Authority):
# http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-19):
# According to Voice of Palestine DST will last for 191 days, from March
# 26, 2010 till "the last Sunday before the tenth day of Tishri
# (October), each year" (October 03, 2010?)
#
# http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697
# (in Arabic)
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html
# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-24):
# ...Ma'an News Agency reports that Hamas cabinet has decided it will
# start one day later, at 12:01am. Not sure if they really mean 12:01am or
# noon though:
#
# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178
# (Ma'an News Agency)
# "At 12:01am Friday, clocks in Israel and the West Bank will change to
# 1:01am, while Gaza clocks will change at 12:01am Saturday morning."
# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-08-11):
# According to several sources, including
# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795
# the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in
# Gaza and the West Bank.
# Some more background info:
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html
# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-08-26):
# Gaza and the West Bank did go back to standard time in the beginning of
# August, and will now enter daylight saving time again on 2011-08-30
# 00:00 (so two periods of DST in 2011). The pause was because of
# Ramadan.
#
# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217
# Additional info:
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-08-27):
# According to the article in The Jerusalem Post:
# "...Earlier this month, the Palestinian government in the West Bank decided to
# move to standard time for 30 days, during Ramadan. The Palestinians in the
# Gaza Strip accepted the change and also moved their clocks one hour back.
# The Hamas government said on Saturday that it won't observe summertime after
# the Muslim feast of Id al-Fitr, which begins on Tuesday..."
# ...
# http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html
! # The rules for Egypt are stolen from the 'africa' file.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-09-30):
# West Bank did end Daylight Saving Time this morning/midnight (2011-09-30
# 00:00).
# So West Bank and Gaza now have the same time again.
#
# Many sources, including:
# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808
# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26):
# Palestinian news sources tell that both Gaza and West Bank will start DST
# on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00).
# Some of many sources in Arabic:
# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638
#
# http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html
#
# Our brief summary:
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html
# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26):
# The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving
# time from midnight on Friday, March 29, 2013" (translated).
# [These are in Arabic and are for Gaza and for Ramallah, respectively.]
*** 2391,2419 ****
# Paracel Is
# no information
# Philippines
! # On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the
# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to
! # be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a
! # transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>.
! # The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger.
! # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
! # Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of
! # Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the
! # rainy season begins. See
! # <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>.
! # For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details.
! #
! # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26):
# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990:
# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/
# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires,
# but no details]
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 -
--- 2412,2442 ----
# Paracel Is
# no information
# Philippines
! # On 1844-08-16, Narciso Clavería, governor-general of the
# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to
! # be immediately followed by 1845-01-01; see R.H. van Gent's
! # History of the International Date Line
! # http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl_philippines.htm
! # The rest of the data entries are from Shanks & Pottenger.
! # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-04-26):
# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990:
# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/
# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires,
# but no details]
+ # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-14):
+ # The following source says DST may be instituted November-January and again
+ # March-June, but this is not definite. It also says DST was last proclaimed
+ # during the Ramos administration (1992-1998); but again, no details.
+ # Carcamo D. PNoy urged to declare use of daylight saving time.
+ # Philippine Star 2014-08-05
+ # http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2014/08/05/1354152/pnoy-urged-declare-use-daylight-saving-time
+
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 -
*** 2431,2447 ****
Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha
4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
3:00 - AST
# Saudi Arabia
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950
3:00 - AST
# Singapore
! # The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
! # <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
--- 2454,2491 ----
Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha
4:00 - GST 1972 Jun
3:00 - AST
# Saudi Arabia
+ #
+ # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-15):
+ # Time in Saudi Arabia and other countries in the Arabian peninsula was not
+ # standardized until relatively recently; we don't know when, and possibly it
+ # has never been made official. Richard P Hunt, in "Islam city yielding to
+ # modern times", New York Times (1961-04-09), p 20, wrote that only airlines
+ # observed standard time, and that people in Jeddah mostly observed quasi-solar
+ # time, doing so by setting their watches at sunrise to 6 o'clock (or to 12
+ # o'clock for "Arab" time).
+ #
+ # The TZ database cannot represent quasi-solar time; airline time is the best
+ # we can do. The 1946 foreign air news digest of the U.S. Civil Aeronautics
+ # Board (OCLC 42299995) reported that the "... Arabian Government, inaugurated
+ # a weekly Dhahran-Cairo service, via the Saudi Arabian cities of Riyadh and
+ # Jidda, on March 14, 1947". Shanks & Pottenger guessed 1950; go with the
+ # earlier date.
+ #
+ # Shanks & Pottenger also state that until 1968-05-01 Saudi Arabia had two
+ # time zones; the other zone, at UTC+4, was in the far eastern part of
+ # the country. Ignore this, as it's before our 1970 cutoff.
+ #
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1947 Mar 14
3:00 - AST
# Singapore
! # taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
! # http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
*** 2463,2492 ****
# from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with
# Shanks and Pottenger.
# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout"
! # (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24,
# no longer available as of 1999-08-17)
! # reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at
! # midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.''
#
# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted
! # by Shamindra in
! # <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net">
! # Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26)
! # </a>:
# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996
# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT.
! # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online
# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13):
# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes)
# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006).
# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in:
! # <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML>
# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply
# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean
# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India.
# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18):
# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'],
--- 2507,2534 ----
# from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with
# Shanks and Pottenger.
# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03):
# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout"
! # (<http://www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html>, 1996-05-24,
# no longer available as of 1999-08-17)
! # reported "the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at
! # midnight Friday (1830 GMT) 'in the light of the present power crisis'."
#
# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted
! # by Shamindra in Daily News - Hot News Section
! # <news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net> (1996-10-26):
# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996
# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT.
! # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online
# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13):
# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes)
# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006).
# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in:
! # http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML
# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply
# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean
# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India.
# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18):
# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'],
*** 2496,2516 ****
# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at
# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government
# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization
# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard.
#
! # I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments
# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka
# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation.
#
# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News
# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they
# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news
# item....
#
# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and
! # adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the
# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well
# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are
# slt.lk and sltnet.lk).
#
# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation
--- 2538,2558 ----
# I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at
# the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government
# twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization
# agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard.
#
! # I recollect before the recent change the government announcements
# mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka
# Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation.
#
# If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News
# Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they
# use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news
# item....
#
# Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and
! # administrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the
# nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well
# known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are
# slt.lk and sltnet.lk).
#
# But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation
*** 2578,2597 ****
Rule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29):
# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday."
# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php
Rule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S
! # From Jesper Norgard (2007-10-27):
# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will
# not take place 1st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1st November at 24:00 or
# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sense than
# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the
# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now
# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend...
#
# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27):
! # Jesper Norgaard Welen wrote:
#
# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1
# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour."
#
# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic):
--- 2620,2639 ----
Rule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 -
# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29):
# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday."
# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php
Rule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S
! # From Jesper Nørgaard (2007-10-27):
# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will
# not take place 1st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1st November at 24:00 or
# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sense than
# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the
# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now
# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend...
#
# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27):
! # Jesper Nørgaard Welen wrote:
#
# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1
# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour."
#
# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic):
*** 2603,2614 ****
# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007.
Rule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17):
# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for
! # this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA
! # are now using:
# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST
# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date
# Variation
# Syrian Arab
# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300
--- 2645,2655 ----
# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007.
Rule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 -
# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17):
# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for
! # this month (March 2008) in the last day or so....
# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST
# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date
# Variation
# Syrian Arab
# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300
*** 2616,2635 ****
# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17):
# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News
# Agency (SANA)...
- # <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm">
# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm
! # </a>...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the
# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April
# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd."
# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times
# shown above match up with midnight in Syria.
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18):
! # My buest guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1";
# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone
# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel).
# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07):
--- 2657,2675 ----
# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17):
# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News
# Agency (SANA)...
# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm
! # ...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the
# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April
# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd."
# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times
# shown above match up with midnight in Syria.
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18):
! # My best guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1";
# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone
# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel).
# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07):
*** 2638,2705 ****
#
# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to
# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting
# clocks back 60 minutes).
#
- # <a href="http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm">
# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm
- # </a>
# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19):
# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources,
# two examples:
#
- # <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm">
# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm
- # </a>
# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency)
- # <a href="http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209">
# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209
- # </a>
# (Arabic, gov-site)
#
# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year.
#
# Our summary
- # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html">
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html
- # </a>
# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27):
# The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will
# revert back to winter (standard) time on midnight between Thursday
# 2009-10-29 and Friday 2009-10-30:
- # <a href="http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm">
# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm (Arabic)
- # </a>
# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28):
# We'll see if future DST switching times turn out to be end of the last
# Thursday of the month or the start of the last Friday of the month or
# something else. For now, use the start of the last Friday.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-17):
# The "Syrian News Station" reported on 2010-03-16 that the Council of
# Ministers has decided that Syria will start DST on midnight Thursday
# 2010-04-01: (midnight between Thursday and Friday):
- # <a href="http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421">
# http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421 (Arabic)
- # </a>
# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26):
# Today, Syria's government announced that they will start DST early on Friday
# (00:00). This is a bit earlier than the past two years.
#
# From Syrian Arab News Agency, in Arabic:
- # <a href="http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm">
# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm
- # </a>
#
# Our brief summary:
- # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html">
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html
- # </a>
# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-27):
# Assume last Friday in March going forward XXX.
Rule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S
--- 2678,2729 ----
*** 2742,2761 ****
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920
4:00 - GST
# Uzbekistan
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time
5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1
5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1
6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time
5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
5:00 - UZT
! Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2
5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
5:00 - UZT
--- 2766,2787 ----
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920
4:00 - GST
# Uzbekistan
+ # Byalokoz 1919 says Uzbekistan was 4:27:53.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:53 - LMT 1924 May 2
4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time
5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1
5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1
6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time
5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
5:00 - UZT
! # Milne says Tashkent was 4:37:10.8; round to nearest.
! Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:11 - LMT 1924 May 2
5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time
6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00
5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence
5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992
5:00 - UZT
*** 2767,2778 ****
# used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam. But this is quite a ways
# from Saigon's location. For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks
# and Pottenger.
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18):
! # The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City";
! # we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters.
# From Shanks & Pottenger:
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?
--- 2793,2804 ----
# used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam. But this is quite a ways
# from Saigon's location. For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks
# and Pottenger.
# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18):
! # The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Minh
! # City"; use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters.
# From Shanks & Pottenger:
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9
7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT?