1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1994, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 package java.lang;
  27 
  28 import java.lang.reflect.Array;
  29 import java.lang.reflect.GenericArrayType;
  30 import java.lang.reflect.Member;
  31 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
  32 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
  33 import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
  34 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
  35 import java.lang.reflect.Type;
  36 import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
  37 import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
  38 import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
  39 import java.io.InputStream;
  40 import java.io.ObjectStreamField;
  41 import java.security.AccessController;
  42 import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
  43 import java.util.ArrayList;
  44 import java.util.Arrays;
  45 import java.util.Collection;
  46 import java.util.HashSet;
  47 import java.util.List;
  48 import java.util.Set;
  49 import java.util.Map;
  50 import java.util.HashMap;
  51 import sun.misc.Unsafe;
  52 import sun.reflect.ConstantPool;
  53 import sun.reflect.Reflection;
  54 import sun.reflect.ReflectionFactory;
  55 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.CoreReflectionFactory;
  56 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.GenericsFactory;
  57 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ClassRepository;
  58 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.MethodRepository;
  59 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ConstructorRepository;
  60 import sun.reflect.generics.scope.ClassScope;
  61 import sun.security.util.SecurityConstants;
  62 import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
  63 import sun.reflect.annotation.*;
  64 
  65 /**
  66  * Instances of the class {@code Class} represent classes and
  67  * interfaces in a running Java application.  An enum is a kind of
  68  * class and an annotation is a kind of interface.  Every array also
  69  * belongs to a class that is reflected as a {@code Class} object
  70  * that is shared by all arrays with the same element type and number
  71  * of dimensions.  The primitive Java types ({@code boolean},
  72  * {@code byte}, {@code char}, {@code short},
  73  * {@code int}, {@code long}, {@code float}, and
  74  * {@code double}), and the keyword {@code void} are also
  75  * represented as {@code Class} objects.
  76  *
  77  * <p> {@code Class} has no public constructor. Instead {@code Class}
  78  * objects are constructed automatically by the Java Virtual Machine as classes
  79  * are loaded and by calls to the {@code defineClass} method in the class
  80  * loader.
  81  *
  82  * <p> The following example uses a {@code Class} object to print the
  83  * class name of an object:
  84  *
  85  * <p> <blockquote><pre>
  86  *     void printClassName(Object obj) {
  87  *         System.out.println("The class of " + obj +
  88  *                            " is " + obj.getClass().getName());
  89  *     }
  90  * </pre></blockquote>
  91  *
  92  * <p> It is also possible to get the {@code Class} object for a named
  93  * type (or for void) using a class literal.  See Section 15.8.2 of
  94  * <cite>The Java&trade; Language Specification</cite>.
  95  * For example:
  96  *
  97  * <p> <blockquote>
  98  *     {@code System.out.println("The name of class Foo is: "+Foo.class.getName());}
  99  * </blockquote>
 100  *
 101  * @param <T> the type of the class modeled by this {@code Class}
 102  * object.  For example, the type of {@code String.class} is {@code
 103  * Class<String>}.  Use {@code Class<?>} if the class being modeled is
 104  * unknown.
 105  *
 106  * @author  unascribed
 107  * @see     java.lang.ClassLoader#defineClass(byte[], int, int)
 108  * @since   JDK1.0
 109  */
 110 public final
 111     class Class<T> implements java.io.Serializable,
 112                               java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration,
 113                               java.lang.reflect.Type,
 114                               java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement {
 115     private static final int ANNOTATION= 0x00002000;
 116     private static final int ENUM      = 0x00004000;
 117     private static final int SYNTHETIC = 0x00001000;
 118 
 119     private static native void registerNatives();
 120     static {
 121         registerNatives();
 122     }
 123 
 124     /*
 125      * Constructor. Only the Java Virtual Machine creates Class
 126      * objects.
 127      */
 128     private Class() {}
 129 
 130 
 131     /**
 132      * Converts the object to a string. The string representation is the
 133      * string "class" or "interface", followed by a space, and then by the
 134      * fully qualified name of the class in the format returned by
 135      * {@code getName}.  If this {@code Class} object represents a
 136      * primitive type, this method returns the name of the primitive type.  If
 137      * this {@code Class} object represents void this method returns
 138      * "void".
 139      *
 140      * @return a string representation of this class object.
 141      */
 142     public String toString() {
 143         return (isInterface() ? "interface " : (isPrimitive() ? "" : "class "))
 144             + getName();
 145     }
 146 
 147 
 148     /**
 149      * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
 150      * interface with the given string name.  Invoking this method is
 151      * equivalent to:
 152      *
 153      * <blockquote>
 154      *  {@code Class.forName(className, true, currentLoader)}
 155      * </blockquote>
 156      *
 157      * where {@code currentLoader} denotes the defining class loader of
 158      * the current class.
 159      *
 160      * <p> For example, the following code fragment returns the
 161      * runtime {@code Class} descriptor for the class named
 162      * {@code java.lang.Thread}:
 163      *
 164      * <blockquote>
 165      *   {@code Class t = Class.forName("java.lang.Thread")}
 166      * </blockquote>
 167      * <p>
 168      * A call to {@code forName("X")} causes the class named
 169      * {@code X} to be initialized.
 170      *
 171      * @param      className   the fully qualified name of the desired class.
 172      * @return     the {@code Class} object for the class with the
 173      *             specified name.
 174      * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
 175      * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
 176      *            by this method fails
 177      * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located
 178      */
 179     public static Class<?> forName(String className)
 180                 throws ClassNotFoundException {
 181         return forName0(className, true, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
 182     }
 183 
 184 
 185     /**
 186      * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
 187      * interface with the given string name, using the given class loader.
 188      * Given the fully qualified name for a class or interface (in the same
 189      * format returned by {@code getName}) this method attempts to
 190      * locate, load, and link the class or interface.  The specified class
 191      * loader is used to load the class or interface.  If the parameter
 192      * {@code loader} is null, the class is loaded through the bootstrap
 193      * class loader.  The class is initialized only if the
 194      * {@code initialize} parameter is {@code true} and if it has
 195      * not been initialized earlier.
 196      *
 197      * <p> If {@code name} denotes a primitive type or void, an attempt
 198      * will be made to locate a user-defined class in the unnamed package whose
 199      * name is {@code name}. Therefore, this method cannot be used to
 200      * obtain any of the {@code Class} objects representing primitive
 201      * types or void.
 202      *
 203      * <p> If {@code name} denotes an array class, the component type of
 204      * the array class is loaded but not initialized.
 205      *
 206      * <p> For example, in an instance method the expression:
 207      *
 208      * <blockquote>
 209      *  {@code Class.forName("Foo")}
 210      * </blockquote>
 211      *
 212      * is equivalent to:
 213      *
 214      * <blockquote>
 215      *  {@code Class.forName("Foo", true, this.getClass().getClassLoader())}
 216      * </blockquote>
 217      *
 218      * Note that this method throws errors related to loading, linking or
 219      * initializing as specified in Sections 12.2, 12.3 and 12.4 of <em>The
 220      * Java Language Specification</em>.
 221      * Note that this method does not check whether the requested class
 222      * is accessible to its caller.
 223      *
 224      * <p> If the {@code loader} is {@code null}, and a security
 225      * manager is present, and the caller's class loader is not null, then this
 226      * method calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission} method
 227      * with a {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")} permission to
 228      * ensure it's ok to access the bootstrap class loader.
 229      *
 230      * @param name       fully qualified name of the desired class
 231      * @param initialize if {@code true} the class will be initialized.
 232      *                   See Section 12.4 of <em>The Java Language Specification</em>.
 233      * @param loader     class loader from which the class must be loaded
 234      * @return           class object representing the desired class
 235      *
 236      * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
 237      * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
 238      *            by this method fails
 239      * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located by
 240      *            the specified class loader
 241      *
 242      * @see       java.lang.Class#forName(String)
 243      * @see       java.lang.ClassLoader
 244      * @since     1.2
 245      */
 246     public static Class<?> forName(String name, boolean initialize,
 247                                    ClassLoader loader)
 248         throws ClassNotFoundException
 249     {
 250         if (loader == null) {
 251             SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
 252             if (sm != null) {
 253                 ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader();
 254                 if (ccl != null) {
 255                     sm.checkPermission(
 256                         SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION);
 257                 }
 258             }
 259         }
 260         return forName0(name, initialize, loader);
 261     }
 262 
 263     /** Called after security checks have been made. */
 264     private static native Class<?> forName0(String name, boolean initialize,
 265                                             ClassLoader loader)
 266         throws ClassNotFoundException;
 267 
 268     /**
 269      * Creates a new instance of the class represented by this {@code Class}
 270      * object.  The class is instantiated as if by a {@code new}
 271      * expression with an empty argument list.  The class is initialized if it
 272      * has not already been initialized.
 273      *
 274      * <p>Note that this method propagates any exception thrown by the
 275      * nullary constructor, including a checked exception.  Use of
 276      * this method effectively bypasses the compile-time exception
 277      * checking that would otherwise be performed by the compiler.
 278      * The {@link
 279      * java.lang.reflect.Constructor#newInstance(java.lang.Object...)
 280      * Constructor.newInstance} method avoids this problem by wrapping
 281      * any exception thrown by the constructor in a (checked) {@link
 282      * java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException}.
 283      *
 284      * @return     a newly allocated instance of the class represented by this
 285      *             object.
 286      * @exception  IllegalAccessException  if the class or its nullary
 287      *               constructor is not accessible.
 288      * @exception  InstantiationException
 289      *               if this {@code Class} represents an abstract class,
 290      *               an interface, an array class, a primitive type, or void;
 291      *               or if the class has no nullary constructor;
 292      *               or if the instantiation fails for some other reason.
 293      * @exception  ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization
 294      *               provoked by this method fails.
 295      * @exception  SecurityException
 296      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
 297      *             following conditions is met:
 298      *
 299      *             <ul>
 300      *
 301      *             <li> invocation of
 302      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
 303      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
 304      *             creation of new instances of this class
 305      *
 306      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
 307      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
 308      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
 309      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
 310      *             of this class
 311      *
 312      *             </ul>
 313      *
 314      */
 315     public T newInstance()
 316         throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
 317     {
 318         if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
 319             checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
 320         }
 321         return newInstance0();
 322     }
 323 
 324     private T newInstance0()
 325         throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
 326     {
 327         // NOTE: the following code may not be strictly correct under
 328         // the current Java memory model.
 329 
 330         // Constructor lookup
 331         if (cachedConstructor == null) {
 332             if (this == Class.class) {
 333                 throw new IllegalAccessException(
 334                     "Can not call newInstance() on the Class for java.lang.Class"
 335                 );
 336             }
 337             try {
 338                 Class<?>[] empty = {};
 339                 final Constructor<T> c = getConstructor0(empty, Member.DECLARED);
 340                 // Disable accessibility checks on the constructor
 341                 // since we have to do the security check here anyway
 342                 // (the stack depth is wrong for the Constructor's
 343                 // security check to work)
 344                 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
 345                     new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
 346                         public Void run() {
 347                                 c.setAccessible(true);
 348                                 return null;
 349                             }
 350                         });
 351                 cachedConstructor = c;
 352             } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
 353                 throw (InstantiationException)
 354                     new InstantiationException(getName()).initCause(e);
 355             }
 356         }
 357         Constructor<T> tmpConstructor = cachedConstructor;
 358         // Security check (same as in java.lang.reflect.Constructor)
 359         int modifiers = tmpConstructor.getModifiers();
 360         if (!Reflection.quickCheckMemberAccess(this, modifiers)) {
 361             Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass(3);
 362             if (newInstanceCallerCache != caller) {
 363                 Reflection.ensureMemberAccess(caller, this, null, modifiers);
 364                 newInstanceCallerCache = caller;
 365             }
 366         }
 367         // Run constructor
 368         try {
 369             return tmpConstructor.newInstance((Object[])null);
 370         } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
 371             Unsafe.getUnsafe().throwException(e.getTargetException());
 372             // Not reached
 373             return null;
 374         }
 375     }
 376     private volatile transient Constructor<T> cachedConstructor;
 377     private volatile transient Class<?>       newInstanceCallerCache;
 378 
 379 
 380     /**
 381      * Determines if the specified {@code Object} is assignment-compatible
 382      * with the object represented by this {@code Class}.  This method is
 383      * the dynamic equivalent of the Java language {@code instanceof}
 384      * operator. The method returns {@code true} if the specified
 385      * {@code Object} argument is non-null and can be cast to the
 386      * reference type represented by this {@code Class} object without
 387      * raising a {@code ClassCastException.} It returns {@code false}
 388      * otherwise.
 389      *
 390      * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a
 391      * declared class, this method returns {@code true} if the specified
 392      * {@code Object} argument is an instance of the represented class (or
 393      * of any of its subclasses); it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
 394      * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, this method
 395      * returns {@code true} if the specified {@code Object} argument
 396      * can be converted to an object of the array class by an identity
 397      * conversion or by a widening reference conversion; it returns
 398      * {@code false} otherwise. If this {@code Class} object
 399      * represents an interface, this method returns {@code true} if the
 400      * class or any superclass of the specified {@code Object} argument
 401      * implements this interface; it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
 402      * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, this method
 403      * returns {@code false}.
 404      *
 405      * @param   obj the object to check
 406      * @return  true if {@code obj} is an instance of this class
 407      *
 408      * @since JDK1.1
 409      */
 410     public native boolean isInstance(Object obj);
 411 
 412 
 413     /**
 414      * Determines if the class or interface represented by this
 415      * {@code Class} object is either the same as, or is a superclass or
 416      * superinterface of, the class or interface represented by the specified
 417      * {@code Class} parameter. It returns {@code true} if so;
 418      * otherwise it returns {@code false}. If this {@code Class}
 419      * object represents a primitive type, this method returns
 420      * {@code true} if the specified {@code Class} parameter is
 421      * exactly this {@code Class} object; otherwise it returns
 422      * {@code false}.
 423      *
 424      * <p> Specifically, this method tests whether the type represented by the
 425      * specified {@code Class} parameter can be converted to the type
 426      * represented by this {@code Class} object via an identity conversion
 427      * or via a widening reference conversion. See <em>The Java Language
 428      * Specification</em>, sections 5.1.1 and 5.1.4 , for details.
 429      *
 430      * @param cls the {@code Class} object to be checked
 431      * @return the {@code boolean} value indicating whether objects of the
 432      * type {@code cls} can be assigned to objects of this class
 433      * @exception NullPointerException if the specified Class parameter is
 434      *            null.
 435      * @since JDK1.1
 436      */
 437     public native boolean isAssignableFrom(Class<?> cls);
 438 
 439 
 440     /**
 441      * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents an
 442      * interface type.
 443      *
 444      * @return  {@code true} if this object represents an interface;
 445      *          {@code false} otherwise.
 446      */
 447     public native boolean isInterface();
 448 
 449 
 450     /**
 451      * Determines if this {@code Class} object represents an array class.
 452      *
 453      * @return  {@code true} if this object represents an array class;
 454      *          {@code false} otherwise.
 455      * @since   JDK1.1
 456      */
 457     public native boolean isArray();
 458 
 459 
 460     /**
 461      * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents a
 462      * primitive type.
 463      *
 464      * <p> There are nine predefined {@code Class} objects to represent
 465      * the eight primitive types and void.  These are created by the Java
 466      * Virtual Machine, and have the same names as the primitive types that
 467      * they represent, namely {@code boolean}, {@code byte},
 468      * {@code char}, {@code short}, {@code int},
 469      * {@code long}, {@code float}, and {@code double}.
 470      *
 471      * <p> These objects may only be accessed via the following public static
 472      * final variables, and are the only {@code Class} objects for which
 473      * this method returns {@code true}.
 474      *
 475      * @return true if and only if this class represents a primitive type
 476      *
 477      * @see     java.lang.Boolean#TYPE
 478      * @see     java.lang.Character#TYPE
 479      * @see     java.lang.Byte#TYPE
 480      * @see     java.lang.Short#TYPE
 481      * @see     java.lang.Integer#TYPE
 482      * @see     java.lang.Long#TYPE
 483      * @see     java.lang.Float#TYPE
 484      * @see     java.lang.Double#TYPE
 485      * @see     java.lang.Void#TYPE
 486      * @since JDK1.1
 487      */
 488     public native boolean isPrimitive();
 489 
 490     /**
 491      * Returns true if this {@code Class} object represents an annotation
 492      * type.  Note that if this method returns true, {@link #isInterface()}
 493      * would also return true, as all annotation types are also interfaces.
 494      *
 495      * @return {@code true} if this class object represents an annotation
 496      *      type; {@code false} otherwise
 497      * @since 1.5
 498      */
 499     public boolean isAnnotation() {
 500         return (getModifiers() & ANNOTATION) != 0;
 501     }
 502 
 503     /**
 504      * Returns {@code true} if this class is a synthetic class;
 505      * returns {@code false} otherwise.
 506      * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a synthetic class as
 507      *         defined by the Java Language Specification.
 508      * @since 1.5
 509      */
 510     public boolean isSynthetic() {
 511         return (getModifiers() & SYNTHETIC) != 0;
 512     }
 513 
 514     /**
 515      * Returns the  name of the entity (class, interface, array class,
 516      * primitive type, or void) represented by this {@code Class} object,
 517      * as a {@code String}.
 518      *
 519      * <p> If this class object represents a reference type that is not an
 520      * array type then the binary name of the class is returned, as specified
 521      * by
 522      * <cite>The Java&trade; Language Specification</cite>.
 523      *
 524      * <p> If this class object represents a primitive type or void, then the
 525      * name returned is a {@code String} equal to the Java language
 526      * keyword corresponding to the primitive type or void.
 527      *
 528      * <p> If this class object represents a class of arrays, then the internal
 529      * form of the name consists of the name of the element type preceded by
 530      * one or more '{@code [}' characters representing the depth of the array
 531      * nesting.  The encoding of element type names is as follows:
 532      *
 533      * <blockquote><table summary="Element types and encodings">
 534      * <tr><th> Element Type <th> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <th> Encoding
 535      * <tr><td> boolean      <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> Z
 536      * <tr><td> byte         <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> B
 537      * <tr><td> char         <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> C
 538      * <tr><td> class or interface
 539      *                       <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> L<i>classname</i>;
 540      * <tr><td> double       <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> D
 541      * <tr><td> float        <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> F
 542      * <tr><td> int          <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> I
 543      * <tr><td> long         <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> J
 544      * <tr><td> short        <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> S
 545      * </table></blockquote>
 546      *
 547      * <p> The class or interface name <i>classname</i> is the binary name of
 548      * the class specified above.
 549      *
 550      * <p> Examples:
 551      * <blockquote><pre>
 552      * String.class.getName()
 553      *     returns "java.lang.String"
 554      * byte.class.getName()
 555      *     returns "byte"
 556      * (new Object[3]).getClass().getName()
 557      *     returns "[Ljava.lang.Object;"
 558      * (new int[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]).getClass().getName()
 559      *     returns "[[[[[[[I"
 560      * </pre></blockquote>
 561      *
 562      * @return  the name of the class or interface
 563      *          represented by this object.
 564      */
 565     public String getName() {
 566         String name = this.name;
 567         if (name == null)
 568             this.name = name = getName0();
 569         return name;
 570     }
 571 
 572     // cache the name to reduce the number of calls into the VM
 573     private transient String name;
 574     private native String getName0();
 575 
 576     /**
 577      * Returns the class loader for the class.  Some implementations may use
 578      * null to represent the bootstrap class loader. This method will return
 579      * null in such implementations if this class was loaded by the bootstrap
 580      * class loader.
 581      *
 582      * <p> If a security manager is present, and the caller's class loader is
 583      * not null and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of
 584      * the class loader for the class whose class loader is requested, then
 585      * this method calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission}
 586      * method with a {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")}
 587      * permission to ensure it's ok to access the class loader for the class.
 588      *
 589      * <p>If this object
 590      * represents a primitive type or void, null is returned.
 591      *
 592      * @return  the class loader that loaded the class or interface
 593      *          represented by this object.
 594      * @throws SecurityException
 595      *    if a security manager exists and its
 596      *    {@code checkPermission} method denies
 597      *    access to the class loader for the class.
 598      * @see java.lang.ClassLoader
 599      * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
 600      * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
 601      */
 602     public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
 603         ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
 604         if (cl == null)
 605             return null;
 606         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
 607         if (sm != null) {
 608             ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader();
 609             if (ClassLoader.needsClassLoaderPermissionCheck(ccl, cl)) {
 610                 sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION);
 611             }
 612         }
 613         return cl;
 614     }
 615 
 616     // Package-private to allow ClassLoader access
 617     native ClassLoader getClassLoader0();
 618 
 619 
 620     /**
 621      * Returns an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent the
 622      * type variables declared by the generic declaration represented by this
 623      * {@code GenericDeclaration} object, in declaration order.  Returns an
 624      * array of length 0 if the underlying generic declaration declares no type
 625      * variables.
 626      *
 627      * @return an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent
 628      *     the type variables declared by this generic declaration
 629      * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic
 630      *     signature of this generic declaration does not conform to
 631      *     the format specified in
 632      *     <cite>The Java&trade; Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
 633      * @since 1.5
 634      */
 635     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 636     public TypeVariable<Class<T>>[] getTypeParameters() {
 637         if (getGenericSignature() != null)
 638             return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])getGenericInfo().getTypeParameters();
 639         else
 640             return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])new TypeVariable<?>[0];
 641     }
 642 
 643 
 644     /**
 645      * Returns the {@code Class} representing the superclass of the entity
 646      * (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by this
 647      * {@code Class}.  If this {@code Class} represents either the
 648      * {@code Object} class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then
 649      * null is returned.  If this object represents an array class then the
 650      * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is
 651      * returned.
 652      *
 653      * @return the superclass of the class represented by this object.
 654      */
 655     public native Class<? super T> getSuperclass();
 656 
 657 
 658     /**
 659      * Returns the {@code Type} representing the direct superclass of
 660      * the entity (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by
 661      * this {@code Class}.
 662      *
 663      * <p>If the superclass is a parameterized type, the {@code Type}
 664      * object returned must accurately reflect the actual type
 665      * parameters used in the source code. The parameterized type
 666      * representing the superclass is created if it had not been
 667      * created before. See the declaration of {@link
 668      * java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType} for the
 669      * semantics of the creation process for parameterized types.  If
 670      * this {@code Class} represents either the {@code Object}
 671      * class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then null is
 672      * returned.  If this object represents an array class then the
 673      * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is
 674      * returned.
 675      *
 676      * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic
 677      *     class signature does not conform to the format specified in
 678      *     <cite>The Java&trade; Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
 679      * @throws TypeNotPresentException if the generic superclass
 680      *     refers to a non-existent type declaration
 681      * @throws java.lang.reflect.MalformedParameterizedTypeException if the
 682      *     generic superclass refers to a parameterized type that cannot be
 683      *     instantiated  for any reason
 684      * @return the superclass of the class represented by this object
 685      * @since 1.5
 686      */
 687     public Type getGenericSuperclass() {
 688         if (getGenericSignature() != null) {
 689             // Historical irregularity:
 690             // Generic signature marks interfaces with superclass = Object
 691             // but this API returns null for interfaces
 692             if (isInterface())
 693                 return null;
 694             return getGenericInfo().getSuperclass();
 695         } else
 696             return getSuperclass();
 697     }
 698 
 699     /**
 700      * Gets the package for this class.  The class loader of this class is used
 701      * to find the package.  If the class was loaded by the bootstrap class
 702      * loader the set of packages loaded from CLASSPATH is searched to find the
 703      * package of the class. Null is returned if no package object was created
 704      * by the class loader of this class.
 705      *
 706      * <p> Packages have attributes for versions and specifications only if the
 707      * information was defined in the manifests that accompany the classes, and
 708      * if the class loader created the package instance with the attributes
 709      * from the manifest.
 710      *
 711      * @return the package of the class, or null if no package
 712      *         information is available from the archive or codebase.
 713      */
 714     public Package getPackage() {
 715         return Package.getPackage(this);
 716     }
 717 
 718 
 719     /**
 720      * Determines the interfaces implemented by the class or interface
 721      * represented by this object.
 722      *
 723      * <p> If this object represents a class, the return value is an array
 724      * containing objects representing all interfaces implemented by the
 725      * class. The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to
 726      * the order of the interface names in the {@code implements} clause
 727      * of the declaration of the class represented by this object. For
 728      * example, given the declaration:
 729      * <blockquote>
 730      * {@code class Shimmer implements FloorWax, DessertTopping { ... }}
 731      * </blockquote>
 732      * suppose the value of {@code s} is an instance of
 733      * {@code Shimmer}; the value of the expression:
 734      * <blockquote>
 735      * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[0]}
 736      * </blockquote>
 737      * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
 738      * {@code FloorWax}; and the value of:
 739      * <blockquote>
 740      * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[1]}
 741      * </blockquote>
 742      * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
 743      * {@code DessertTopping}.
 744      *
 745      * <p> If this object represents an interface, the array contains objects
 746      * representing all interfaces extended by the interface. The order of the
 747      * interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of the interface
 748      * names in the {@code extends} clause of the declaration of the
 749      * interface represented by this object.
 750      *
 751      * <p> If this object represents a class or interface that implements no
 752      * interfaces, the method returns an array of length 0.
 753      *
 754      * <p> If this object represents a primitive type or void, the method
 755      * returns an array of length 0.
 756      *
 757      * @return an array of interfaces implemented by this class.
 758      */
 759     public native Class<?>[] getInterfaces();
 760 
 761     /**
 762      * Returns the {@code Type}s representing the interfaces
 763      * directly implemented by the class or interface represented by
 764      * this object.
 765      *
 766      * <p>If a superinterface is a parameterized type, the
 767      * {@code Type} object returned for it must accurately reflect
 768      * the actual type parameters used in the source code. The
 769      * parameterized type representing each superinterface is created
 770      * if it had not been created before. See the declaration of
 771      * {@link java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType}
 772      * for the semantics of the creation process for parameterized
 773      * types.
 774      *
 775      * <p> If this object represents a class, the return value is an
 776      * array containing objects representing all interfaces
 777      * implemented by the class. The order of the interface objects in
 778      * the array corresponds to the order of the interface names in
 779      * the {@code implements} clause of the declaration of the class
 780      * represented by this object.  In the case of an array class, the
 781      * interfaces {@code Cloneable} and {@code Serializable} are
 782      * returned in that order.
 783      *
 784      * <p>If this object represents an interface, the array contains
 785      * objects representing all interfaces directly extended by the
 786      * interface.  The order of the interface objects in the array
 787      * corresponds to the order of the interface names in the
 788      * {@code extends} clause of the declaration of the interface
 789      * represented by this object.
 790      *
 791      * <p>If this object represents a class or interface that
 792      * implements no interfaces, the method returns an array of length
 793      * 0.
 794      *
 795      * <p>If this object represents a primitive type or void, the
 796      * method returns an array of length 0.
 797      *
 798      * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError
 799      *     if the generic class signature does not conform to the format
 800      *     specified in
 801      *     <cite>The Java&trade; Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
 802      * @throws TypeNotPresentException if any of the generic
 803      *     superinterfaces refers to a non-existent type declaration
 804      * @throws java.lang.reflect.MalformedParameterizedTypeException
 805      *     if any of the generic superinterfaces refer to a parameterized
 806      *     type that cannot be instantiated for any reason
 807      * @return an array of interfaces implemented by this class
 808      * @since 1.5
 809      */
 810     public Type[] getGenericInterfaces() {
 811         if (getGenericSignature() != null)
 812             return getGenericInfo().getSuperInterfaces();
 813         else
 814             return getInterfaces();
 815     }
 816 
 817 
 818     /**
 819      * Returns the {@code Class} representing the component type of an
 820      * array.  If this class does not represent an array class this method
 821      * returns null.
 822      *
 823      * @return the {@code Class} representing the component type of this
 824      * class if this class is an array
 825      * @see     java.lang.reflect.Array
 826      * @since JDK1.1
 827      */
 828     public native Class<?> getComponentType();
 829 
 830 
 831     /**
 832      * Returns the Java language modifiers for this class or interface, encoded
 833      * in an integer. The modifiers consist of the Java Virtual Machine's
 834      * constants for {@code public}, {@code protected},
 835      * {@code private}, {@code final}, {@code static},
 836      * {@code abstract} and {@code interface}; they should be decoded
 837      * using the methods of class {@code Modifier}.
 838      *
 839      * <p> If the underlying class is an array class, then its
 840      * {@code public}, {@code private} and {@code protected}
 841      * modifiers are the same as those of its component type.  If this
 842      * {@code Class} represents a primitive type or void, its
 843      * {@code public} modifier is always {@code true}, and its
 844      * {@code protected} and {@code private} modifiers are always
 845      * {@code false}. If this object represents an array class, a
 846      * primitive type or void, then its {@code final} modifier is always
 847      * {@code true} and its interface modifier is always
 848      * {@code false}. The values of its other modifiers are not determined
 849      * by this specification.
 850      *
 851      * <p> The modifier encodings are defined in <em>The Java Virtual Machine
 852      * Specification</em>, table 4.1.
 853      *
 854      * @return the {@code int} representing the modifiers for this class
 855      * @see     java.lang.reflect.Modifier
 856      * @since JDK1.1
 857      */
 858     public native int getModifiers();
 859 
 860 
 861     /**
 862      * Gets the signers of this class.
 863      *
 864      * @return  the signers of this class, or null if there are no signers.  In
 865      *          particular, this method returns null if this object represents
 866      *          a primitive type or void.
 867      * @since   JDK1.1
 868      */
 869     public native Object[] getSigners();
 870 
 871 
 872     /**
 873      * Set the signers of this class.
 874      */
 875     native void setSigners(Object[] signers);
 876 
 877 
 878     /**
 879      * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous
 880      * class within a method, returns a {@link
 881      * java.lang.reflect.Method Method} object representing the
 882      * immediately enclosing method of the underlying class. Returns
 883      * {@code null} otherwise.
 884      *
 885      * In particular, this method returns {@code null} if the underlying
 886      * class is a local or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type
 887      * declaration, instance initializer or static initializer.
 888      *
 889      * @return the immediately enclosing method of the underlying class, if
 890      *     that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}.
 891      * @since 1.5
 892      */
 893     public Method getEnclosingMethod() {
 894         EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
 895 
 896         if (enclosingInfo == null)
 897             return null;
 898         else {
 899             if (!enclosingInfo.isMethod())
 900                 return null;
 901 
 902             MethodRepository typeInfo = MethodRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(),
 903                                                               getFactory());
 904             Class<?>   returnType       = toClass(typeInfo.getReturnType());
 905             Type []    parameterTypes   = typeInfo.getParameterTypes();
 906             Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length];
 907 
 908             // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should*
 909             // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used
 910             // don't have generics information
 911             for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++)
 912                 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]);
 913 
 914             /*
 915              * Loop over all declared methods; match method name,
 916              * number of and type of parameters, *and* return
 917              * type.  Matching return type is also necessary
 918              * because of covariant returns, etc.
 919              */
 920             for(Method m: enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass().getDeclaredMethods()) {
 921                 if (m.getName().equals(enclosingInfo.getName()) ) {
 922                     Class<?>[] candidateParamClasses = m.getParameterTypes();
 923                     if (candidateParamClasses.length == parameterClasses.length) {
 924                         boolean matches = true;
 925                         for(int i = 0; i < candidateParamClasses.length; i++) {
 926                             if (!candidateParamClasses[i].equals(parameterClasses[i])) {
 927                                 matches = false;
 928                                 break;
 929                             }
 930                         }
 931 
 932                         if (matches) { // finally, check return type
 933                             if (m.getReturnType().equals(returnType) )
 934                                 return m;
 935                         }
 936                     }
 937                 }
 938             }
 939 
 940             throw new InternalError("Enclosing method not found");
 941         }
 942     }
 943 
 944     private native Object[] getEnclosingMethod0();
 945 
 946     private EnclosingMethodInfo getEnclosingMethodInfo() {
 947         Object[] enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethod0();
 948         if (enclosingInfo == null)
 949             return null;
 950         else {
 951             return new EnclosingMethodInfo(enclosingInfo);
 952         }
 953     }
 954 
 955     private final static class EnclosingMethodInfo {
 956         private Class<?> enclosingClass;
 957         private String name;
 958         private String descriptor;
 959 
 960         private EnclosingMethodInfo(Object[] enclosingInfo) {
 961             if (enclosingInfo.length != 3)
 962                 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information");
 963             try {
 964                 // The array is expected to have three elements:
 965 
 966                 // the immediately enclosing class
 967                 enclosingClass = (Class<?>) enclosingInfo[0];
 968                 assert(enclosingClass != null);
 969 
 970                 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's
 971                 // name (can be null).
 972                 name            = (String)   enclosingInfo[1];
 973 
 974                 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's
 975                 // descriptor (null iff name is).
 976                 descriptor      = (String)   enclosingInfo[2];
 977                 assert((name != null && descriptor != null) || name == descriptor);
 978             } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
 979                 throw new InternalError("Invalid type in enclosing method information", cce);
 980             }
 981         }
 982 
 983         boolean isPartial() {
 984             return enclosingClass == null || name == null || descriptor == null;
 985         }
 986 
 987         boolean isConstructor() { return !isPartial() && "<init>".equals(name); }
 988 
 989         boolean isMethod() { return !isPartial() && !isConstructor() && !"<clinit>".equals(name); }
 990 
 991         Class<?> getEnclosingClass() { return enclosingClass; }
 992 
 993         String getName() { return name; }
 994 
 995         String getDescriptor() { return descriptor; }
 996 
 997     }
 998 
 999     private static Class<?> toClass(Type o) {
1000         if (o instanceof GenericArrayType)
1001             return Array.newInstance(toClass(((GenericArrayType)o).getGenericComponentType()),
1002                                      0)
1003                 .getClass();
1004         return (Class<?>)o;
1005      }
1006 
1007     /**
1008      * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous
1009      * class within a constructor, returns a {@link
1010      * java.lang.reflect.Constructor Constructor} object representing
1011      * the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying
1012      * class. Returns {@code null} otherwise.  In particular, this
1013      * method returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a local
1014      * or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type declaration,
1015      * instance initializer or static initializer.
1016      *
1017      * @return the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying class, if
1018      *     that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}.
1019      * @since 1.5
1020      */
1021     public Constructor<?> getEnclosingConstructor() {
1022         EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
1023 
1024         if (enclosingInfo == null)
1025             return null;
1026         else {
1027             if (!enclosingInfo.isConstructor())
1028                 return null;
1029 
1030             ConstructorRepository typeInfo = ConstructorRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(),
1031                                                                         getFactory());
1032             Type []    parameterTypes   = typeInfo.getParameterTypes();
1033             Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length];
1034 
1035             // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should*
1036             // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used
1037             // don't have generics information
1038             for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++)
1039                 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]);
1040 
1041             /*
1042              * Loop over all declared constructors; match number
1043              * of and type of parameters.
1044              */
1045             for(Constructor<?> c: enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass().getDeclaredConstructors()) {
1046                 Class<?>[] candidateParamClasses = c.getParameterTypes();
1047                 if (candidateParamClasses.length == parameterClasses.length) {
1048                     boolean matches = true;
1049                     for(int i = 0; i < candidateParamClasses.length; i++) {
1050                         if (!candidateParamClasses[i].equals(parameterClasses[i])) {
1051                             matches = false;
1052                             break;
1053                         }
1054                     }
1055 
1056                     if (matches)
1057                         return c;
1058                 }
1059             }
1060 
1061             throw new InternalError("Enclosing constructor not found");
1062         }
1063     }
1064 
1065 
1066     /**
1067      * If the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} object
1068      * is a member of another class, returns the {@code Class} object
1069      * representing the class in which it was declared.  This method returns
1070      * null if this class or interface is not a member of any other class.  If
1071      * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, a primitive
1072      * type, or void,then this method returns null.
1073      *
1074      * @return the declaring class for this class
1075      * @since JDK1.1
1076      */
1077     public native Class<?> getDeclaringClass();
1078 
1079 
1080     /**
1081      * Returns the immediately enclosing class of the underlying
1082      * class.  If the underlying class is a top level class this
1083      * method returns {@code null}.
1084      * @return the immediately enclosing class of the underlying class
1085      * @since 1.5
1086      */
1087     public Class<?> getEnclosingClass() {
1088         // There are five kinds of classes (or interfaces):
1089         // a) Top level classes
1090         // b) Nested classes (static member classes)
1091         // c) Inner classes (non-static member classes)
1092         // d) Local classes (named classes declared within a method)
1093         // e) Anonymous classes
1094 
1095 
1096         // JVM Spec 4.8.6: A class must have an EnclosingMethod
1097         // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an
1098         // anonymous class.
1099         EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
1100 
1101         if (enclosingInfo == null) {
1102             // This is a top level or a nested class or an inner class (a, b, or c)
1103             return getDeclaringClass();
1104         } else {
1105             Class<?> enclosingClass = enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass();
1106             // This is a local class or an anonymous class (d or e)
1107             if (enclosingClass == this || enclosingClass == null)
1108                 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information");
1109             else
1110                 return enclosingClass;
1111         }
1112     }
1113 
1114     /**
1115      * Returns the simple name of the underlying class as given in the
1116      * source code. Returns an empty string if the underlying class is
1117      * anonymous.
1118      *
1119      * <p>The simple name of an array is the simple name of the
1120      * component type with "[]" appended.  In particular the simple
1121      * name of an array whose component type is anonymous is "[]".
1122      *
1123      * @return the simple name of the underlying class
1124      * @since 1.5
1125      */
1126     public String getSimpleName() {
1127         if (isArray())
1128             return getComponentType().getSimpleName()+"[]";
1129 
1130         String simpleName = getSimpleBinaryName();
1131         if (simpleName == null) { // top level class
1132             simpleName = getName();
1133             return simpleName.substring(simpleName.lastIndexOf(".")+1); // strip the package name
1134         }
1135         // According to JLS3 "Binary Compatibility" (13.1) the binary
1136         // name of non-package classes (not top level) is the binary
1137         // name of the immediately enclosing class followed by a '$' followed by:
1138         // (for nested and inner classes): the simple name.
1139         // (for local classes): 1 or more digits followed by the simple name.
1140         // (for anonymous classes): 1 or more digits.
1141 
1142         // Since getSimpleBinaryName() will strip the binary name of
1143         // the immediatly enclosing class, we are now looking at a
1144         // string that matches the regular expression "\$[0-9]*"
1145         // followed by a simple name (considering the simple of an
1146         // anonymous class to be the empty string).
1147 
1148         // Remove leading "\$[0-9]*" from the name
1149         int length = simpleName.length();
1150         if (length < 1 || simpleName.charAt(0) != '$')
1151             throw new InternalError("Malformed class name");
1152         int index = 1;
1153         while (index < length && isAsciiDigit(simpleName.charAt(index)))
1154             index++;
1155         // Eventually, this is the empty string iff this is an anonymous class
1156         return simpleName.substring(index);
1157     }
1158 
1159     /**
1160      * Character.isDigit answers {@code true} to some non-ascii
1161      * digits.  This one does not.
1162      */
1163     private static boolean isAsciiDigit(char c) {
1164         return '0' <= c && c <= '9';
1165     }
1166 
1167     /**
1168      * Returns the canonical name of the underlying class as
1169      * defined by the Java Language Specification.  Returns null if
1170      * the underlying class does not have a canonical name (i.e., if
1171      * it is a local or anonymous class or an array whose component
1172      * type does not have a canonical name).
1173      * @return the canonical name of the underlying class if it exists, and
1174      * {@code null} otherwise.
1175      * @since 1.5
1176      */
1177     public String getCanonicalName() {
1178         if (isArray()) {
1179             String canonicalName = getComponentType().getCanonicalName();
1180             if (canonicalName != null)
1181                 return canonicalName + "[]";
1182             else
1183                 return null;
1184         }
1185         if (isLocalOrAnonymousClass())
1186             return null;
1187         Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass();
1188         if (enclosingClass == null) { // top level class
1189             return getName();
1190         } else {
1191             String enclosingName = enclosingClass.getCanonicalName();
1192             if (enclosingName == null)
1193                 return null;
1194             return enclosingName + "." + getSimpleName();
1195         }
1196     }
1197 
1198     /**
1199      * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1200      * is an anonymous class.
1201      *
1202      * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is an anonymous class.
1203      * @since 1.5
1204      */
1205     public boolean isAnonymousClass() {
1206         return "".equals(getSimpleName());
1207     }
1208 
1209     /**
1210      * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1211      * is a local class.
1212      *
1213      * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a local class.
1214      * @since 1.5
1215      */
1216     public boolean isLocalClass() {
1217         return isLocalOrAnonymousClass() && !isAnonymousClass();
1218     }
1219 
1220     /**
1221      * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1222      * is a member class.
1223      *
1224      * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a member class.
1225      * @since 1.5
1226      */
1227     public boolean isMemberClass() {
1228         return getSimpleBinaryName() != null && !isLocalOrAnonymousClass();
1229     }
1230 
1231     /**
1232      * Returns the "simple binary name" of the underlying class, i.e.,
1233      * the binary name without the leading enclosing class name.
1234      * Returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a top level
1235      * class.
1236      */
1237     private String getSimpleBinaryName() {
1238         Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass();
1239         if (enclosingClass == null) // top level class
1240             return null;
1241         // Otherwise, strip the enclosing class' name
1242         try {
1243             return getName().substring(enclosingClass.getName().length());
1244         } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
1245             throw new InternalError("Malformed class name", ex);
1246         }
1247     }
1248 
1249     /**
1250      * Returns {@code true} if this is a local class or an anonymous
1251      * class.  Returns {@code false} otherwise.
1252      */
1253     private boolean isLocalOrAnonymousClass() {
1254         // JVM Spec 4.8.6: A class must have an EnclosingMethod
1255         // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an
1256         // anonymous class.
1257         return getEnclosingMethodInfo() != null;
1258     }
1259 
1260     /**
1261      * Returns an array containing {@code Class} objects representing all
1262      * the public classes and interfaces that are members of the class
1263      * represented by this {@code Class} object.  This includes public
1264      * class and interface members inherited from superclasses and public class
1265      * and interface members declared by the class.  This method returns an
1266      * array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object has no public member
1267      * classes or interfaces.  This method also returns an array of length 0 if
1268      * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, an array
1269      * class, or void.
1270      *
1271      * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing the public
1272      * members of this class
1273      * @exception  SecurityException
1274      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1275      *             following conditions is met:
1276      *
1277      *             <ul>
1278      *
1279      *             <li> invocation of
1280      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1281      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} method
1282      *             denies access to the classes within this class
1283      *
1284      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1285      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1286      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1287      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1288      *             of this class
1289      *
1290      *             </ul>
1291      *
1292      * @since JDK1.1
1293      */
1294     public Class<?>[] getClasses() {
1295         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1296         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1297         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1298         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1299 
1300         // Privileged so this implementation can look at DECLARED classes,
1301         // something the caller might not have privilege to do.  The code here
1302         // is allowed to look at DECLARED classes because (1) it does not hand
1303         // out anything other than public members and (2) public member access
1304         // has already been ok'd by the SecurityManager.
1305 
1306         return java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
1307             new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Class<?>[]>() {
1308                 public Class<?>[] run() {
1309                     List<Class<?>> list = new ArrayList<>();
1310                     Class<?> currentClass = Class.this;
1311                     while (currentClass != null) {
1312                         Class<?>[] members = currentClass.getDeclaredClasses();
1313                         for (int i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
1314                             if (Modifier.isPublic(members[i].getModifiers())) {
1315                                 list.add(members[i]);
1316                             }
1317                         }
1318                         currentClass = currentClass.getSuperclass();
1319                     }
1320                     return list.toArray(new Class<?>[0]);
1321                 }
1322             });
1323     }
1324 
1325 
1326     /**
1327      * Returns an array containing {@code Field} objects reflecting all
1328      * the accessible public fields of the class or interface represented by
1329      * this {@code Class} object.  The elements in the array returned are
1330      * not sorted and are not in any particular order.  This method returns an
1331      * array of length 0 if the class or interface has no accessible public
1332      * fields, or if it represents an array class, a primitive type, or void.
1333      *
1334      * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a class,
1335      * this method returns the public fields of this class and of all its
1336      * superclasses.  If this {@code Class} object represents an
1337      * interface, this method returns the fields of this interface and of all
1338      * its superinterfaces.
1339      *
1340      * <p> The implicit length field for array class is not reflected by this
1341      * method. User code should use the methods of class {@code Array} to
1342      * manipulate arrays.
1343      *
1344      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
1345      *
1346      * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing the
1347      * public fields
1348      * @exception  SecurityException
1349      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1350      *             following conditions is met:
1351      *
1352      *             <ul>
1353      *
1354      *             <li> invocation of
1355      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1356      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1357      *             access to the fields within this class
1358      *
1359      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1360      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1361      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1362      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1363      *             of this class
1364      *
1365      *             </ul>
1366      *
1367      * @since JDK1.1
1368      */
1369     public Field[] getFields() throws SecurityException {
1370         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1371         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1372         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1373         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1374         return copyFields(privateGetPublicFields(null));
1375     }
1376 
1377 
1378     /**
1379      * Returns an array containing {@code Method} objects reflecting all
1380      * the public <em>member</em> methods of the class or interface represented
1381      * by this {@code Class} object, including those declared by the class
1382      * or interface and those inherited from superclasses and
1383      * superinterfaces.  Array classes return all the (public) member methods
1384      * inherited from the {@code Object} class.  The elements in the array
1385      * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order.  This
1386      * method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object
1387      * represents a class or interface that has no public member methods, or if
1388      * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type or void.
1389      *
1390      * <p> The class initialization method {@code <clinit>} is not
1391      * included in the returned array. If the class declares multiple public
1392      * member methods with the same parameter types, they are all included in
1393      * the returned array.
1394      *
1395      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.4.
1396      *
1397      * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing the
1398      * public methods of this class
1399      * @exception  SecurityException
1400      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1401      *             following conditions is met:
1402      *
1403      *             <ul>
1404      *
1405      *             <li> invocation of
1406      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1407      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1408      *             access to the methods within this class
1409      *
1410      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1411      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1412      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1413      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1414      *             of this class
1415      *
1416      *             </ul>
1417      *
1418      * @since JDK1.1
1419      */
1420     public Method[] getMethods() throws SecurityException {
1421         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1422         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1423         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1424         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1425         return copyMethods(privateGetPublicMethods());
1426     }
1427 
1428 
1429     /**
1430      * Returns an array containing {@code Constructor} objects reflecting
1431      * all the public constructors of the class represented by this
1432      * {@code Class} object.  An array of length 0 is returned if the
1433      * class has no public constructors, or if the class is an array class, or
1434      * if the class reflects a primitive type or void.
1435      *
1436      * Note that while this method returns an array of {@code
1437      * Constructor<T>} objects (that is an array of constructors from
1438      * this class), the return type of this method is {@code
1439      * Constructor<?>[]} and <em>not</em> {@code Constructor<T>[]} as
1440      * might be expected.  This less informative return type is
1441      * necessary since after being returned from this method, the
1442      * array could be modified to hold {@code Constructor} objects for
1443      * different classes, which would violate the type guarantees of
1444      * {@code Constructor<T>[]}.
1445      *
1446      * @return the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing the
1447      *  public constructors of this class
1448      * @exception  SecurityException
1449      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1450      *             following conditions is met:
1451      *
1452      *             <ul>
1453      *
1454      *             <li> invocation of
1455      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1456      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1457      *             access to the constructors within this class
1458      *
1459      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1460      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1461      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1462      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1463      *             of this class
1464      *
1465      *             </ul>
1466      *
1467      * @since JDK1.1
1468      */
1469     public Constructor<?>[] getConstructors() throws SecurityException {
1470         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1471         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1472         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1473         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1474         return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(true));
1475     }
1476 
1477 
1478     /**
1479      * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified public
1480      * member field of the class or interface represented by this
1481      * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1482      * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired field.
1483      *
1484      * <p> The field to be reflected is determined by the algorithm that
1485      * follows.  Let C be the class represented by this object:
1486      * <OL>
1487      * <LI> If C declares a public field with the name specified, that is the
1488      *      field to be reflected.</LI>
1489      * <LI> If no field was found in step 1 above, this algorithm is applied
1490      *      recursively to each direct superinterface of C. The direct
1491      *      superinterfaces are searched in the order they were declared.</LI>
1492      * <LI> If no field was found in steps 1 and 2 above, and C has a
1493      *      superclass S, then this algorithm is invoked recursively upon S.
1494      *      If C has no superclass, then a {@code NoSuchFieldException}
1495      *      is thrown.</LI>
1496      * </OL>
1497      *
1498      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
1499      *
1500      * @param name the field name
1501      * @return  the {@code Field} object of this class specified by
1502      * {@code name}
1503      * @exception NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
1504      *              not found.
1505      * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1506      * @exception  SecurityException
1507      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1508      *             following conditions is met:
1509      *
1510      *             <ul>
1511      *
1512      *             <li> invocation of
1513      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1514      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1515      *             access to the field
1516      *
1517      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1518      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1519      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1520      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1521      *             of this class
1522      *
1523      *             </ul>
1524      *
1525      * @since JDK1.1
1526      */
1527     public Field getField(String name)
1528         throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {
1529         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1530         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1531         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1532         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1533         Field field = getField0(name);
1534         if (field == null) {
1535             throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);
1536         }
1537         return field;
1538     }
1539 
1540 
1541     /**
1542      * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified public
1543      * member method of the class or interface represented by this
1544      * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1545      * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired method. The
1546      * {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of {@code Class}
1547      * objects that identify the method's formal parameter types, in declared
1548      * order. If {@code parameterTypes} is {@code null}, it is
1549      * treated as if it were an empty array.
1550      *
1551      * <p> If the {@code name} is "{@code <init>};"or "{@code <clinit>}" a
1552      * {@code NoSuchMethodException} is raised. Otherwise, the method to
1553      * be reflected is determined by the algorithm that follows.  Let C be the
1554      * class represented by this object:
1555      * <OL>
1556      * <LI> C is searched for any <I>matching methods</I>. If no matching
1557      *      method is found, the algorithm of step 1 is invoked recursively on
1558      *      the superclass of C.</LI>
1559      * <LI> If no method was found in step 1 above, the superinterfaces of C
1560      *      are searched for a matching method. If any such method is found, it
1561      *      is reflected.</LI>
1562      * </OL>
1563      *
1564      * To find a matching method in a class C:&nbsp; If C declares exactly one
1565      * public method with the specified name and exactly the same formal
1566      * parameter types, that is the method reflected. If more than one such
1567      * method is found in C, and one of these methods has a return type that is
1568      * more specific than any of the others, that method is reflected;
1569      * otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily.
1570      *
1571      * <p>Note that there may be more than one matching method in a
1572      * class because while the Java language forbids a class to
1573      * declare multiple methods with the same signature but different
1574      * return types, the Java virtual machine does not.  This
1575      * increased flexibility in the virtual machine can be used to
1576      * implement various language features.  For example, covariant
1577      * returns can be implemented with {@linkplain
1578      * java.lang.reflect.Method#isBridge bridge methods}; the bridge
1579      * method and the method being overridden would have the same
1580      * signature but different return types.
1581      *
1582      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.4.
1583      *
1584      * @param name the name of the method
1585      * @param parameterTypes the list of parameters
1586      * @return the {@code Method} object that matches the specified
1587      * {@code name} and {@code parameterTypes}
1588      * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found
1589      *            or if the name is "&lt;init&gt;"or "&lt;clinit&gt;".
1590      * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1591      * @exception  SecurityException
1592      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1593      *             following conditions is met:
1594      *
1595      *             <ul>
1596      *
1597      *             <li> invocation of
1598      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1599      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1600      *             access to the method
1601      *
1602      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1603      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1604      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1605      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1606      *             of this class
1607      *
1608      *             </ul>
1609      *
1610      * @since JDK1.1
1611      */
1612     public Method getMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1613         throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1614         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1615         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1616         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1617         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1618         Method method = getMethod0(name, parameterTypes);
1619         if (method == null) {
1620             throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + "." + name + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));
1621         }
1622         return method;
1623     }
1624 
1625 
1626     /**
1627      * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified
1628      * public constructor of the class represented by this {@code Class}
1629      * object. The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of
1630      * {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's formal
1631      * parameter types, in declared order.
1632      *
1633      * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class
1634      * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types
1635      * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
1636      *
1637      * <p> The constructor to reflect is the public constructor of the class
1638      * represented by this {@code Class} object whose formal parameter
1639      * types match those specified by {@code parameterTypes}.
1640      *
1641      * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
1642      * @return the {@code Constructor} object of the public constructor that
1643      * matches the specified {@code parameterTypes}
1644      * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
1645      * @exception  SecurityException
1646      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1647      *             following conditions is met:
1648      *
1649      *             <ul>
1650      *
1651      *             <li> invocation of
1652      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1653      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1654      *             access to the constructor
1655      *
1656      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1657      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1658      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1659      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1660      *             of this class
1661      *
1662      *             </ul>
1663      *
1664      * @since JDK1.1
1665      */
1666     public Constructor<T> getConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1667         throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1668         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1669         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1670         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1671         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1672         return getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.PUBLIC);
1673     }
1674 
1675 
1676     /**
1677      * Returns an array of {@code Class} objects reflecting all the
1678      * classes and interfaces declared as members of the class represented by
1679      * this {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
1680      * (package) access, and private classes and interfaces declared by the
1681      * class, but excludes inherited classes and interfaces.  This method
1682      * returns an array of length 0 if the class declares no classes or
1683      * interfaces as members, or if this {@code Class} object represents a
1684      * primitive type, an array class, or void.
1685      *
1686      * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing all the
1687      * declared members of this class
1688      * @exception  SecurityException
1689      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1690      *             following conditions is met:
1691      *
1692      *             <ul>
1693      *
1694      *             <li> invocation of
1695      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1696      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1697      *             access to the declared classes within this class
1698      *
1699      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1700      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1701      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1702      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1703      *             of this class
1704      *
1705      *             </ul>
1706      *
1707      * @since JDK1.1
1708      */
1709     public Class<?>[] getDeclaredClasses() throws SecurityException {
1710         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1711         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1712         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1713         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1714         return getDeclaredClasses0();
1715     }
1716 
1717 
1718     /**
1719      * Returns an array of {@code Field} objects reflecting all the fields
1720      * declared by the class or interface represented by this
1721      * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
1722      * (package) access, and private fields, but excludes inherited fields.
1723      * The elements in the array returned are not sorted and are not in any
1724      * particular order.  This method returns an array of length 0 if the class
1725      * or interface declares no fields, or if this {@code Class} object
1726      * represents a primitive type, an array class, or void.
1727      *
1728      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
1729      *
1730      * @return    the array of {@code Field} objects representing all the
1731      * declared fields of this class
1732      * @exception  SecurityException
1733      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1734      *             following conditions is met:
1735      *
1736      *             <ul>
1737      *
1738      *             <li> invocation of
1739      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1740      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1741      *             access to the declared fields within this class
1742      *
1743      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1744      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1745      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1746      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1747      *             of this class
1748      *
1749      *             </ul>
1750      *
1751      * @since JDK1.1
1752      */
1753     public Field[] getDeclaredFields() throws SecurityException {
1754         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1755         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1756         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1757         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1758         return copyFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false));
1759     }
1760 
1761 
1762     /**
1763      * Returns an array of {@code Method} objects reflecting all the
1764      * methods declared by the class or interface represented by this
1765      * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
1766      * (package) access, and private methods, but excludes inherited methods.
1767      * The elements in the array returned are not sorted and are not in any
1768      * particular order.  This method returns an array of length 0 if the class
1769      * or interface declares no methods, or if this {@code Class} object
1770      * represents a primitive type, an array class, or void.  The class
1771      * initialization method {@code <clinit>} is not included in the
1772      * returned array. If the class declares multiple public member methods
1773      * with the same parameter types, they are all included in the returned
1774      * array.
1775      *
1776      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2.
1777      *
1778      * @return    the array of {@code Method} objects representing all the
1779      * declared methods of this class
1780      * @exception  SecurityException
1781      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1782      *             following conditions is met:
1783      *
1784      *             <ul>
1785      *
1786      *             <li> invocation of
1787      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1788      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1789      *             access to the declared methods within this class
1790      *
1791      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1792      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1793      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1794      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1795      *             of this class
1796      *
1797      *             </ul>
1798      *
1799      * @since JDK1.1
1800      */
1801     public Method[] getDeclaredMethods() throws SecurityException {
1802         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1803         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1804         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1805         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1806         return copyMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false));
1807     }
1808 
1809 
1810     /**
1811      * Returns an array of {@code Constructor} objects reflecting all the
1812      * constructors declared by the class represented by this
1813      * {@code Class} object. These are public, protected, default
1814      * (package) access, and private constructors.  The elements in the array
1815      * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order.  If the
1816      * class has a default constructor, it is included in the returned array.
1817      * This method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class}
1818      * object represents an interface, a primitive type, an array class, or
1819      * void.
1820      *
1821      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2.
1822      *
1823      * @return    the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing all the
1824      * declared constructors of this class
1825      * @exception  SecurityException
1826      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1827      *             following conditions is met:
1828      *
1829      *             <ul>
1830      *
1831      *             <li> invocation of
1832      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1833      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1834      *             access to the declared constructors within this class
1835      *
1836      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1837      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1838      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1839      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1840      *             of this class
1841      *
1842      *             </ul>
1843      *
1844      * @since JDK1.1
1845      */
1846     public Constructor<?>[] getDeclaredConstructors() throws SecurityException {
1847         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1848         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1849         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1850         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1851         return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(false));
1852     }
1853 
1854 
1855     /**
1856      * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified declared
1857      * field of the class or interface represented by this {@code Class}
1858      * object. The {@code name} parameter is a {@code String} that
1859      * specifies the simple name of the desired field.  Note that this method
1860      * will not reflect the {@code length} field of an array class.
1861      *
1862      * @param name the name of the field
1863      * @return the {@code Field} object for the specified field in this
1864      * class
1865      * @exception NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
1866      *              not found.
1867      * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1868      * @exception  SecurityException
1869      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1870      *             following conditions is met:
1871      *
1872      *             <ul>
1873      *
1874      *             <li> invocation of
1875      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1876      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1877      *             access to the declared field
1878      *
1879      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1880      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1881      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1882      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1883      *             of this class
1884      *
1885      *             </ul>
1886      *
1887      * @since JDK1.1
1888      */
1889     public Field getDeclaredField(String name)
1890         throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {
1891         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1892         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1893         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1894         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1895         Field field = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false), name);
1896         if (field == null) {
1897             throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);
1898         }
1899         return field;
1900     }
1901 
1902 
1903     /**
1904      * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified
1905      * declared method of the class or interface represented by this
1906      * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1907      * {@code String} that specifies the simple name of the desired
1908      * method, and the {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of
1909      * {@code Class} objects that identify the method's formal parameter
1910      * types, in declared order.  If more than one method with the same
1911      * parameter types is declared in a class, and one of these methods has a
1912      * return type that is more specific than any of the others, that method is
1913      * returned; otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily.  If the
1914      * name is "&lt;init&gt;"or "&lt;clinit&gt;" a {@code NoSuchMethodException}
1915      * is raised.
1916      *
1917      * @param name the name of the method
1918      * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
1919      * @return    the {@code Method} object for the method of this class
1920      * matching the specified name and parameters
1921      * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
1922      * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1923      * @exception  SecurityException
1924      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1925      *             following conditions is met:
1926      *
1927      *             <ul>
1928      *
1929      *             <li> invocation of
1930      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1931      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1932      *             access to the declared method
1933      *
1934      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1935      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1936      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1937      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1938      *             of this class
1939      *
1940      *             </ul>
1941      *
1942      * @since JDK1.1
1943      */
1944     public Method getDeclaredMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1945         throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1946         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1947         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1948         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1949         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1950         Method method = searchMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false), name, parameterTypes);
1951         if (method == null) {
1952             throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + "." + name + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));
1953         }
1954         return method;
1955     }
1956 
1957 
1958     /**
1959      * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified
1960      * constructor of the class or interface represented by this
1961      * {@code Class} object.  The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is
1962      * an array of {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's
1963      * formal parameter types, in declared order.
1964      *
1965      * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class
1966      * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types
1967      * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
1968      *
1969      * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
1970      * @return    The {@code Constructor} object for the constructor with the
1971      * specified parameter list
1972      * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
1973      * @exception  SecurityException
1974      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1975      *             following conditions is met:
1976      *
1977      *             <ul>
1978      *
1979      *             <li> invocation of
1980      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1981      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1982      *             access to the declared constructor
1983      *
1984      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1985      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1986      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1987      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1988      *             of this class
1989      *
1990      *             </ul>
1991      *
1992      * @since JDK1.1
1993      */
1994     public Constructor<T> getDeclaredConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1995         throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1996         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1997         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1998         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1999         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
2000         return getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.DECLARED);
2001     }
2002 
2003     /**
2004      * Finds a resource with a given name.  The rules for searching resources
2005      * associated with a given class are implemented by the defining
2006      * {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class.  This method
2007      * delegates to this object's class loader.  If this object was loaded by
2008      * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
2009      * ClassLoader#getSystemResourceAsStream}.
2010      *
2011      * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
2012      * given resource name using this algorithm:
2013      *
2014      * <ul>
2015      *
2016      * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
2017      * (<tt>'&#92;u002f'</tt>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
2018      * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
2019      *
2020      * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
2021      *
2022      * <blockquote>
2023      *   {@code modified_package_name/name}
2024      * </blockquote>
2025      *
2026      * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
2027      * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
2028      * (<tt>'&#92;u002e'</tt>).
2029      *
2030      * </ul>
2031      *
2032      * @param  name name of the desired resource
2033      * @return      A {@link java.io.InputStream} object or {@code null} if
2034      *              no resource with this name is found
2035      * @throws  NullPointerException If {@code name} is {@code null}
2036      * @since  JDK1.1
2037      */
2038      public InputStream getResourceAsStream(String name) {
2039         name = resolveName(name);
2040         ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2041         if (cl==null) {
2042             // A system class.
2043             return ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(name);
2044         }
2045         return cl.getResourceAsStream(name);
2046     }
2047 
2048     /**
2049      * Finds a resource with a given name.  The rules for searching resources
2050      * associated with a given class are implemented by the defining
2051      * {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class.  This method
2052      * delegates to this object's class loader.  If this object was loaded by
2053      * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
2054      * ClassLoader#getSystemResource}.
2055      *
2056      * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
2057      * given resource name using this algorithm:
2058      *
2059      * <ul>
2060      *
2061      * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
2062      * (<tt>'&#92;u002f'</tt>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
2063      * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
2064      *
2065      * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
2066      *
2067      * <blockquote>
2068      *   {@code modified_package_name/name}
2069      * </blockquote>
2070      *
2071      * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
2072      * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
2073      * (<tt>'&#92;u002e'</tt>).
2074      *
2075      * </ul>
2076      *
2077      * @param  name name of the desired resource
2078      * @return      A  {@link java.net.URL} object or {@code null} if no
2079      *              resource with this name is found
2080      * @since  JDK1.1
2081      */
2082     public java.net.URL getResource(String name) {
2083         name = resolveName(name);
2084         ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2085         if (cl==null) {
2086             // A system class.
2087             return ClassLoader.getSystemResource(name);
2088         }
2089         return cl.getResource(name);
2090     }
2091 
2092 
2093 
2094     /** protection domain returned when the internal domain is null */
2095     private static java.security.ProtectionDomain allPermDomain;
2096 
2097 
2098     /**
2099      * Returns the {@code ProtectionDomain} of this class.  If there is a
2100      * security manager installed, this method first calls the security
2101      * manager's {@code checkPermission} method with a
2102      * {@code RuntimePermission("getProtectionDomain")} permission to
2103      * ensure it's ok to get the
2104      * {@code ProtectionDomain}.
2105      *
2106      * @return the ProtectionDomain of this class
2107      *
2108      * @throws SecurityException
2109      *        if a security manager exists and its
2110      *        {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow
2111      *        getting the ProtectionDomain.
2112      *
2113      * @see java.security.ProtectionDomain
2114      * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
2115      * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
2116      * @since 1.2
2117      */
2118     public java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain() {
2119         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2120         if (sm != null) {
2121             sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_PD_PERMISSION);
2122         }
2123         java.security.ProtectionDomain pd = getProtectionDomain0();
2124         if (pd == null) {
2125             if (allPermDomain == null) {
2126                 java.security.Permissions perms =
2127                     new java.security.Permissions();
2128                 perms.add(SecurityConstants.ALL_PERMISSION);
2129                 allPermDomain =
2130                     new java.security.ProtectionDomain(null, perms);
2131             }
2132             pd = allPermDomain;
2133         }
2134         return pd;
2135     }
2136 
2137 
2138     /**
2139      * Returns the ProtectionDomain of this class.
2140      */
2141     private native java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain0();
2142 
2143 
2144     /**
2145      * Set the ProtectionDomain for this class. Called by
2146      * ClassLoader.defineClass.
2147      */
2148     native void setProtectionDomain0(java.security.ProtectionDomain pd);
2149 
2150 
2151     /*
2152      * Return the Virtual Machine's Class object for the named
2153      * primitive type.
2154      */
2155     static native Class<?> getPrimitiveClass(String name);
2156 
2157 
2158     /*
2159      * Check if client is allowed to access members.  If access is denied,
2160      * throw a SecurityException.
2161      *
2162      * Be very careful not to change the stack depth of this checkMemberAccess
2163      * call for security reasons.
2164      * See java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess.
2165      *
2166      * <p> Default policy: allow all clients access with normal Java access
2167      * control.
2168      */
2169     private void checkMemberAccess(int which, ClassLoader ccl) {
2170         SecurityManager s = System.getSecurityManager();
2171         if (s != null) {
2172             s.checkMemberAccess(this, which);
2173             ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2174             if (sun.reflect.misc.ReflectUtil.needsPackageAccessCheck(ccl, cl)) {
2175                 String name = this.getName();
2176                 int i = name.lastIndexOf('.');
2177                 if (i != -1) {
2178                     s.checkPackageAccess(name.substring(0, i));
2179                 }
2180             }
2181         }
2182     }
2183 
2184     /**
2185      * Add a package name prefix if the name is not absolute Remove leading "/"
2186      * if name is absolute
2187      */
2188     private String resolveName(String name) {
2189         if (name == null) {
2190             return name;
2191         }
2192         if (!name.startsWith("/")) {
2193             Class<?> c = this;
2194             while (c.isArray()) {
2195                 c = c.getComponentType();
2196             }
2197             String baseName = c.getName();
2198             int index = baseName.lastIndexOf('.');
2199             if (index != -1) {
2200                 name = baseName.substring(0, index).replace('.', '/')
2201                     +"/"+name;
2202             }
2203         } else {
2204             name = name.substring(1);
2205         }
2206         return name;
2207     }
2208 
2209     /**
2210      * Reflection support.
2211      */
2212 
2213     // Caches for certain reflective results
2214     private static boolean useCaches = true;
2215     private volatile transient SoftReference<Field[]> declaredFields;
2216     private volatile transient SoftReference<Field[]> publicFields;
2217     private volatile transient SoftReference<Method[]> declaredMethods;
2218     private volatile transient SoftReference<Method[]> publicMethods;
2219     private volatile transient SoftReference<Constructor<T>[]> declaredConstructors;
2220     private volatile transient SoftReference<Constructor<T>[]> publicConstructors;
2221     // Intermediate results for getFields and getMethods
2222     private volatile transient SoftReference<Field[]> declaredPublicFields;
2223     private volatile transient SoftReference<Method[]> declaredPublicMethods;
2224 
2225     // Incremented by the VM on each call to JVM TI RedefineClasses()
2226     // that redefines this class or a superclass.
2227     private volatile transient int classRedefinedCount = 0;
2228 
2229     // Value of classRedefinedCount when we last cleared the cached values
2230     // that are sensitive to class redefinition.
2231     private volatile transient int lastRedefinedCount = 0;
2232 
2233     // Clears cached values that might possibly have been obsoleted by
2234     // a class redefinition.
2235     private void clearCachesOnClassRedefinition() {
2236         if (lastRedefinedCount != classRedefinedCount) {
2237             declaredFields = publicFields = declaredPublicFields = null;
2238             declaredMethods = publicMethods = declaredPublicMethods = null;
2239             declaredConstructors = publicConstructors = null;
2240             annotations = declaredAnnotations = null;
2241 
2242             // Use of "volatile" (and synchronization by caller in the case
2243             // of annotations) ensures that no thread sees the update to
2244             // lastRedefinedCount before seeing the caches cleared.
2245             // We do not guard against brief windows during which multiple
2246             // threads might redundantly work to fill an empty cache.
2247             lastRedefinedCount = classRedefinedCount;
2248         }
2249     }
2250 
2251     // Generic signature handling
2252     private native String getGenericSignature();
2253 
2254     // Generic info repository; lazily initialized
2255     private transient ClassRepository genericInfo;
2256 
2257     // accessor for factory
2258     private GenericsFactory getFactory() {
2259         // create scope and factory
2260         return CoreReflectionFactory.make(this, ClassScope.make(this));
2261     }
2262 
2263     // accessor for generic info repository
2264     private ClassRepository getGenericInfo() {
2265         // lazily initialize repository if necessary
2266         if (genericInfo == null) {
2267             // create and cache generic info repository
2268             genericInfo = ClassRepository.make(getGenericSignature(),
2269                                                getFactory());
2270         }
2271         return genericInfo; //return cached repository
2272     }
2273 
2274     // Annotations handling
2275     private native byte[] getRawAnnotations();
2276 
2277     native ConstantPool getConstantPool();
2278 
2279     //
2280     //
2281     // java.lang.reflect.Field handling
2282     //
2283     //
2284 
2285     // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT
2286     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2287     // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.
2288     private Field[] privateGetDeclaredFields(boolean publicOnly) {
2289         checkInitted();
2290         Field[] res = null;
2291         if (useCaches) {
2292             clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2293             if (publicOnly) {
2294                 if (declaredPublicFields != null) {
2295                     res = declaredPublicFields.get();
2296                 }
2297             } else {
2298                 if (declaredFields != null) {
2299                     res = declaredFields.get();
2300                 }
2301             }
2302             if (res != null) return res;
2303         }
2304         // No cached value available; request value from VM
2305         res = Reflection.filterFields(this, getDeclaredFields0(publicOnly));
2306         if (useCaches) {
2307             if (publicOnly) {
2308                 declaredPublicFields = new SoftReference<>(res);
2309             } else {
2310                 declaredFields = new SoftReference<>(res);
2311             }
2312         }
2313         return res;
2314     }
2315 
2316     // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT
2317     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2318     // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.
2319     private Field[] privateGetPublicFields(Set<Class<?>> traversedInterfaces) {
2320         checkInitted();
2321         Field[] res = null;
2322         if (useCaches) {
2323             clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2324             if (publicFields != null) {
2325                 res = publicFields.get();
2326             }
2327             if (res != null) return res;
2328         }
2329 
2330         // No cached value available; compute value recursively.
2331         // Traverse in correct order for getField().
2332         List<Field> fields = new ArrayList<>();
2333         if (traversedInterfaces == null) {
2334             traversedInterfaces = new HashSet<>();
2335         }
2336 
2337         // Local fields
2338         Field[] tmp = privateGetDeclaredFields(true);
2339         addAll(fields, tmp);
2340 
2341         // Direct superinterfaces, recursively
2342         for (Class<?> c : getInterfaces()) {
2343             if (!traversedInterfaces.contains(c)) {
2344                 traversedInterfaces.add(c);
2345                 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces));
2346             }
2347         }
2348 
2349         // Direct superclass, recursively
2350         if (!isInterface()) {
2351             Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
2352             if (c != null) {
2353                 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces));
2354             }
2355         }
2356 
2357         res = new Field[fields.size()];
2358         fields.toArray(res);
2359         if (useCaches) {
2360             publicFields = new SoftReference<>(res);
2361         }
2362         return res;
2363     }
2364 
2365     private static void addAll(Collection<Field> c, Field[] o) {
2366         for (int i = 0; i < o.length; i++) {
2367             c.add(o[i]);
2368         }
2369     }
2370 
2371 
2372     //
2373     //
2374     // java.lang.reflect.Constructor handling
2375     //
2376     //
2377 
2378     // Returns an array of "root" constructors. These Constructor
2379     // objects must NOT be propagated to the outside world, but must
2380     // instead be copied via ReflectionFactory.copyConstructor.
2381     private Constructor<T>[] privateGetDeclaredConstructors(boolean publicOnly) {
2382         checkInitted();
2383         Constructor<T>[] res = null;
2384         if (useCaches) {
2385             clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2386             if (publicOnly) {
2387                 if (publicConstructors != null) {
2388                     res = publicConstructors.get();
2389                 }
2390             } else {
2391                 if (declaredConstructors != null) {
2392                     res = declaredConstructors.get();
2393                 }
2394             }
2395             if (res != null) return res;
2396         }
2397         // No cached value available; request value from VM
2398         if (isInterface()) {
2399             @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
2400             Constructor<T>[] temporaryRes = (Constructor<T>[]) new Constructor<?>[0];
2401             res = temporaryRes;
2402         } else {
2403             res = getDeclaredConstructors0(publicOnly);
2404         }
2405         if (useCaches) {
2406             if (publicOnly) {
2407                 publicConstructors = new SoftReference<>(res);
2408             } else {
2409                 declaredConstructors = new SoftReference<>(res);
2410             }
2411         }
2412         return res;
2413     }
2414 
2415     //
2416     //
2417     // java.lang.reflect.Method handling
2418     //
2419     //
2420 
2421     // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT
2422     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2423     // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
2424     private Method[] privateGetDeclaredMethods(boolean publicOnly) {
2425         checkInitted();
2426         Method[] res = null;
2427         if (useCaches) {
2428             clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2429             if (publicOnly) {
2430                 if (declaredPublicMethods != null) {
2431                     res = declaredPublicMethods.get();
2432                 }
2433             } else {
2434                 if (declaredMethods != null) {
2435                     res = declaredMethods.get();
2436                 }
2437             }
2438             if (res != null) return res;
2439         }
2440         // No cached value available; request value from VM
2441         res = Reflection.filterMethods(this, getDeclaredMethods0(publicOnly));
2442         if (useCaches) {
2443             if (publicOnly) {
2444                 declaredPublicMethods = new SoftReference<>(res);
2445             } else {
2446                 declaredMethods = new SoftReference<>(res);
2447             }
2448         }
2449         return res;
2450     }
2451 
2452     static class MethodArray {
2453         private Method[] methods;
2454         private int length;
2455 
2456         MethodArray() {
2457             methods = new Method[20];
2458             length = 0;
2459         }
2460 
2461         void add(Method m) {
2462             if (length == methods.length) {
2463                 methods = Arrays.copyOf(methods, 2 * methods.length);
2464             }
2465             methods[length++] = m;
2466         }
2467 
2468         void addAll(Method[] ma) {
2469             for (int i = 0; i < ma.length; i++) {
2470                 add(ma[i]);
2471             }
2472         }
2473 
2474         void addAll(MethodArray ma) {
2475             for (int i = 0; i < ma.length(); i++) {
2476                 add(ma.get(i));
2477             }
2478         }
2479 
2480         void addIfNotPresent(Method newMethod) {
2481             for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
2482                 Method m = methods[i];
2483                 if (m == newMethod || (m != null && m.equals(newMethod))) {
2484                     return;
2485                 }
2486             }
2487             add(newMethod);
2488         }
2489 
2490         void addAllIfNotPresent(MethodArray newMethods) {
2491             for (int i = 0; i < newMethods.length(); i++) {
2492                 Method m = newMethods.get(i);
2493                 if (m != null) {
2494                     addIfNotPresent(m);
2495                 }
2496             }
2497         }
2498 
2499         int length() {
2500             return length;
2501         }
2502 
2503         Method get(int i) {
2504             return methods[i];
2505         }
2506 
2507         void removeByNameAndSignature(Method toRemove) {
2508             for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
2509                 Method m = methods[i];
2510                 if (m != null &&
2511                     m.getReturnType() == toRemove.getReturnType() &&
2512                     m.getName() == toRemove.getName() &&
2513                     arrayContentsEq(m.getParameterTypes(),
2514                                     toRemove.getParameterTypes())) {
2515                     methods[i] = null;
2516                 }
2517             }
2518         }
2519 
2520         void compactAndTrim() {
2521             int newPos = 0;
2522             // Get rid of null slots
2523             for (int pos = 0; pos < length; pos++) {
2524                 Method m = methods[pos];
2525                 if (m != null) {
2526                     if (pos != newPos) {
2527                         methods[newPos] = m;
2528                     }
2529                     newPos++;
2530                 }
2531             }
2532             if (newPos != methods.length) {
2533                 methods = Arrays.copyOf(methods, newPos);
2534             }
2535         }
2536 
2537         Method[] getArray() {
2538             return methods;
2539         }
2540     }
2541 
2542 
2543     // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT
2544     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2545     // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
2546     private Method[] privateGetPublicMethods() {
2547         checkInitted();
2548         Method[] res = null;
2549         if (useCaches) {
2550             clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2551             if (publicMethods != null) {
2552                 res = publicMethods.get();
2553             }
2554             if (res != null) return res;
2555         }
2556 
2557         // No cached value available; compute value recursively.
2558         // Start by fetching public declared methods
2559         MethodArray methods = new MethodArray();
2560         {
2561                 Method[] tmp = privateGetDeclaredMethods(true);
2562             methods.addAll(tmp);
2563         }
2564         // Now recur over superclass and direct superinterfaces.
2565         // Go over superinterfaces first so we can more easily filter
2566         // out concrete implementations inherited from superclasses at
2567         // the end.
2568         MethodArray inheritedMethods = new MethodArray();
2569         Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
2570         for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
2571             inheritedMethods.addAll(interfaces[i].privateGetPublicMethods());
2572         }
2573         if (!isInterface()) {
2574             Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
2575             if (c != null) {
2576                 MethodArray supers = new MethodArray();
2577                 supers.addAll(c.privateGetPublicMethods());
2578                 // Filter out concrete implementations of any
2579                 // interface methods
2580                 for (int i = 0; i < supers.length(); i++) {
2581                     Method m = supers.get(i);
2582                     if (m != null && !Modifier.isAbstract(m.getModifiers())) {
2583                         inheritedMethods.removeByNameAndSignature(m);
2584                     }
2585                 }
2586                 // Insert superclass's inherited methods before
2587                 // superinterfaces' to satisfy getMethod's search
2588                 // order
2589                 supers.addAll(inheritedMethods);
2590                 inheritedMethods = supers;
2591             }
2592         }
2593         // Filter out all local methods from inherited ones
2594         for (int i = 0; i < methods.length(); i++) {
2595             Method m = methods.get(i);
2596             inheritedMethods.removeByNameAndSignature(m);
2597         }
2598         methods.addAllIfNotPresent(inheritedMethods);
2599         methods.compactAndTrim();
2600         res = methods.getArray();
2601         if (useCaches) {
2602             publicMethods = new SoftReference<>(res);
2603         }
2604         return res;
2605     }
2606 
2607 
2608     //
2609     // Helpers for fetchers of one field, method, or constructor
2610     //
2611 
2612     private Field searchFields(Field[] fields, String name) {
2613         String internedName = name.intern();
2614         for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
2615             if (fields[i].getName() == internedName) {
2616                 return getReflectionFactory().copyField(fields[i]);
2617             }
2618         }
2619         return null;
2620     }
2621 
2622     private Field getField0(String name) throws NoSuchFieldException {
2623         // Note: the intent is that the search algorithm this routine
2624         // uses be equivalent to the ordering imposed by
2625         // privateGetPublicFields(). It fetches only the declared
2626         // public fields for each class, however, to reduce the number
2627         // of Field objects which have to be created for the common
2628         // case where the field being requested is declared in the
2629         // class which is being queried.
2630         Field res = null;
2631         // Search declared public fields
2632         if ((res = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(true), name)) != null) {
2633             return res;
2634         }
2635         // Direct superinterfaces, recursively
2636         Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
2637         for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
2638             Class<?> c = interfaces[i];
2639             if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) {
2640                 return res;
2641             }
2642         }
2643         // Direct superclass, recursively
2644         if (!isInterface()) {
2645             Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
2646             if (c != null) {
2647                 if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) {
2648                     return res;
2649                 }
2650             }
2651         }
2652         return null;
2653     }
2654 
2655     private static Method searchMethods(Method[] methods,
2656                                         String name,
2657                                         Class<?>[] parameterTypes)
2658     {
2659         Method res = null;
2660         String internedName = name.intern();
2661         for (int i = 0; i < methods.length; i++) {
2662             Method m = methods[i];
2663             if (m.getName() == internedName
2664                 && arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes, m.getParameterTypes())
2665                 && (res == null
2666                     || res.getReturnType().isAssignableFrom(m.getReturnType())))
2667                 res = m;
2668         }
2669 
2670         return (res == null ? res : getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(res));
2671     }
2672 
2673 
2674     private Method getMethod0(String name, Class<?>[] parameterTypes) {
2675         // Note: the intent is that the search algorithm this routine
2676         // uses be equivalent to the ordering imposed by
2677         // privateGetPublicMethods(). It fetches only the declared
2678         // public methods for each class, however, to reduce the
2679         // number of Method objects which have to be created for the
2680         // common case where the method being requested is declared in
2681         // the class which is being queried.
2682         Method res = null;
2683         // Search declared public methods
2684         if ((res = searchMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(true),
2685                                  name,
2686                                  parameterTypes)) != null) {
2687             return res;
2688         }
2689         // Search superclass's methods
2690         if (!isInterface()) {
2691             Class<? super T> c = getSuperclass();
2692             if (c != null) {
2693                 if ((res = c.getMethod0(name, parameterTypes)) != null) {
2694                     return res;
2695                 }
2696             }
2697         }
2698         // Search superinterfaces' methods
2699         Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
2700         for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
2701             Class<?> c = interfaces[i];
2702             if ((res = c.getMethod0(name, parameterTypes)) != null) {
2703                 return res;
2704             }
2705         }
2706         // Not found
2707         return null;
2708     }
2709 
2710     private Constructor<T> getConstructor0(Class<?>[] parameterTypes,
2711                                         int which) throws NoSuchMethodException
2712     {
2713         Constructor<T>[] constructors = privateGetDeclaredConstructors((which == Member.PUBLIC));
2714         for (Constructor<T> constructor : constructors) {
2715             if (arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes,
2716                                 constructor.getParameterTypes())) {
2717                 return getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(constructor);
2718             }
2719         }
2720         throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + ".<init>" + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));
2721     }
2722 
2723     //
2724     // Other helpers and base implementation
2725     //
2726 
2727     private static boolean arrayContentsEq(Object[] a1, Object[] a2) {
2728         if (a1 == null) {
2729             return a2 == null || a2.length == 0;
2730         }
2731 
2732         if (a2 == null) {
2733             return a1.length == 0;
2734         }
2735 
2736         if (a1.length != a2.length) {
2737             return false;
2738         }
2739 
2740         for (int i = 0; i < a1.length; i++) {
2741             if (a1[i] != a2[i]) {
2742                 return false;
2743             }
2744         }
2745 
2746         return true;
2747     }
2748 
2749     private static Field[] copyFields(Field[] arg) {
2750         Field[] out = new Field[arg.length];
2751         ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
2752         for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
2753             out[i] = fact.copyField(arg[i]);
2754         }
2755         return out;
2756     }
2757 
2758     private static Method[] copyMethods(Method[] arg) {
2759         Method[] out = new Method[arg.length];
2760         ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
2761         for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
2762             out[i] = fact.copyMethod(arg[i]);
2763         }
2764         return out;
2765     }
2766 
2767     private static <U> Constructor<U>[] copyConstructors(Constructor<U>[] arg) {
2768         Constructor<U>[] out = arg.clone();
2769         ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
2770         for (int i = 0; i < out.length; i++) {
2771             out[i] = fact.copyConstructor(out[i]);
2772         }
2773         return out;
2774     }
2775 
2776     private native Field[]       getDeclaredFields0(boolean publicOnly);
2777     private native Method[]      getDeclaredMethods0(boolean publicOnly);
2778     private native Constructor<T>[] getDeclaredConstructors0(boolean publicOnly);
2779     private native Class<?>[]   getDeclaredClasses0();
2780 
2781     private static String        argumentTypesToString(Class<?>[] argTypes) {
2782         StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
2783         buf.append("(");
2784         if (argTypes != null) {
2785             for (int i = 0; i < argTypes.length; i++) {
2786                 if (i > 0) {
2787                     buf.append(", ");
2788                 }
2789                 Class<?> c = argTypes[i];
2790                 buf.append((c == null) ? "null" : c.getName());
2791             }
2792         }
2793         buf.append(")");
2794         return buf.toString();
2795     }
2796 
2797     /** use serialVersionUID from JDK 1.1 for interoperability */
2798     private static final long serialVersionUID = 3206093459760846163L;
2799 
2800 
2801     /**
2802      * Class Class is special cased within the Serialization Stream Protocol.
2803      *
2804      * A Class instance is written initially into an ObjectOutputStream in the
2805      * following format:
2806      * <pre>
2807      *      {@code TC_CLASS} ClassDescriptor
2808      *      A ClassDescriptor is a special cased serialization of
2809      *      a {@code java.io.ObjectStreamClass} instance.
2810      * </pre>
2811      * A new handle is generated for the initial time the class descriptor
2812      * is written into the stream. Future references to the class descriptor
2813      * are written as references to the initial class descriptor instance.
2814      *
2815      * @see java.io.ObjectStreamClass
2816      */
2817     private static final ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields =
2818         new ObjectStreamField[0];
2819 
2820 
2821     /**
2822      * Returns the assertion status that would be assigned to this
2823      * class if it were to be initialized at the time this method is invoked.
2824      * If this class has had its assertion status set, the most recent
2825      * setting will be returned; otherwise, if any package default assertion
2826      * status pertains to this class, the most recent setting for the most
2827      * specific pertinent package default assertion status is returned;
2828      * otherwise, if this class is not a system class (i.e., it has a
2829      * class loader) its class loader's default assertion status is returned;
2830      * otherwise, the system class default assertion status is returned.
2831      * <p>
2832      * Few programmers will have any need for this method; it is provided
2833      * for the benefit of the JRE itself.  (It allows a class to determine at
2834      * the time that it is initialized whether assertions should be enabled.)
2835      * Note that this method is not guaranteed to return the actual
2836      * assertion status that was (or will be) associated with the specified
2837      * class when it was (or will be) initialized.
2838      *
2839      * @return the desired assertion status of the specified class.
2840      * @see    java.lang.ClassLoader#setClassAssertionStatus
2841      * @see    java.lang.ClassLoader#setPackageAssertionStatus
2842      * @see    java.lang.ClassLoader#setDefaultAssertionStatus
2843      * @since  1.4
2844      */
2845     public boolean desiredAssertionStatus() {
2846         ClassLoader loader = getClassLoader();
2847         // If the loader is null this is a system class, so ask the VM
2848         if (loader == null)
2849             return desiredAssertionStatus0(this);
2850 
2851         // If the classloader has been initialized with the assertion
2852         // directives, ask it. Otherwise, ask the VM.
2853         synchronized(loader.assertionLock) {
2854             if (loader.classAssertionStatus != null) {
2855                 return loader.desiredAssertionStatus(getName());
2856             }
2857         }
2858         return desiredAssertionStatus0(this);
2859     }
2860 
2861     // Retrieves the desired assertion status of this class from the VM
2862     private static native boolean desiredAssertionStatus0(Class<?> clazz);
2863 
2864     /**
2865      * Returns true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
2866      * source code.
2867      *
2868      * @return true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
2869      *     source code
2870      * @since 1.5
2871      */
2872     public boolean isEnum() {
2873         // An enum must both directly extend java.lang.Enum and have
2874         // the ENUM bit set; classes for specialized enum constants
2875         // don't do the former.
2876         return (this.getModifiers() & ENUM) != 0 &&
2877         this.getSuperclass() == java.lang.Enum.class;
2878     }
2879 
2880     // Fetches the factory for reflective objects
2881     private static ReflectionFactory getReflectionFactory() {
2882         if (reflectionFactory == null) {
2883             reflectionFactory =
2884                 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged
2885                     (new sun.reflect.ReflectionFactory.GetReflectionFactoryAction());
2886         }
2887         return reflectionFactory;
2888     }
2889     private static ReflectionFactory reflectionFactory;
2890 
2891     // To be able to query system properties as soon as they're available
2892     private static boolean initted = false;
2893     private static void checkInitted() {
2894         if (initted) return;
2895         AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
2896                 public Void run() {
2897                     // Tests to ensure the system properties table is fully
2898                     // initialized. This is needed because reflection code is
2899                     // called very early in the initialization process (before
2900                     // command-line arguments have been parsed and therefore
2901                     // these user-settable properties installed.) We assume that
2902                     // if System.out is non-null then the System class has been
2903                     // fully initialized and that the bulk of the startup code
2904                     // has been run.
2905 
2906                     if (System.out == null) {
2907                         // java.lang.System not yet fully initialized
2908                         return null;
2909                     }
2910 
2911                     // Doesn't use Boolean.getBoolean to avoid class init.
2912                     String val =
2913                         System.getProperty("sun.reflect.noCaches");
2914                     if (val != null && val.equals("true")) {
2915                         useCaches = false;
2916                     }
2917 
2918                     initted = true;
2919                     return null;
2920                 }
2921             });
2922     }
2923 
2924     /**
2925      * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this
2926      * Class object does not represent an enum type.
2927      *
2928      * @return an array containing the values comprising the enum class
2929      *     represented by this Class object in the order they're
2930      *     declared, or null if this Class object does not
2931      *     represent an enum type
2932      * @since 1.5
2933      */
2934     public T[] getEnumConstants() {
2935         T[] values = getEnumConstantsShared();
2936         return (values != null) ? values.clone() : null;
2937     }
2938 
2939     /**
2940      * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this
2941      * Class object does not represent an enum type;
2942      * identical to getEnumConstants except that the result is
2943      * uncloned, cached, and shared by all callers.
2944      */
2945     T[] getEnumConstantsShared() {
2946         if (enumConstants == null) {
2947             if (!isEnum()) return null;
2948             try {
2949                 final Method values = getMethod("values");
2950                 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
2951                     new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
2952                         public Void run() {
2953                                 values.setAccessible(true);
2954                                 return null;
2955                             }
2956                         });
2957                 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
2958                 T[] temporaryConstants = (T[])values.invoke(null);
2959                 enumConstants = temporaryConstants;
2960             }
2961             // These can happen when users concoct enum-like classes
2962             // that don't comply with the enum spec.
2963             catch (InvocationTargetException | NoSuchMethodException |
2964                    IllegalAccessException ex) { return null; }
2965         }
2966         return enumConstants;
2967     }
2968     private volatile transient T[] enumConstants = null;
2969 
2970     /**
2971      * Returns a map from simple name to enum constant.  This package-private
2972      * method is used internally by Enum to implement
2973      *     public static <T extends Enum<T>> T valueOf(Class<T>, String)
2974      * efficiently.  Note that the map is returned by this method is
2975      * created lazily on first use.  Typically it won't ever get created.
2976      */
2977     Map<String, T> enumConstantDirectory() {
2978         if (enumConstantDirectory == null) {
2979             T[] universe = getEnumConstantsShared();
2980             if (universe == null)
2981                 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
2982                     getName() + " is not an enum type");
2983             Map<String, T> m = new HashMap<>(2 * universe.length);
2984             for (T constant : universe)
2985                 m.put(((Enum<?>)constant).name(), constant);
2986             enumConstantDirectory = m;
2987         }
2988         return enumConstantDirectory;
2989     }
2990     private volatile transient Map<String, T> enumConstantDirectory = null;
2991 
2992     /**
2993      * Casts an object to the class or interface represented
2994      * by this {@code Class} object.
2995      *
2996      * @param obj the object to be cast
2997      * @return the object after casting, or null if obj is null
2998      *
2999      * @throws ClassCastException if the object is not
3000      * null and is not assignable to the type T.
3001      *
3002      * @since 1.5
3003      */
3004     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3005     public T cast(Object obj) {
3006         if (obj != null && !isInstance(obj))
3007             throw new ClassCastException(cannotCastMsg(obj));
3008         return (T) obj;
3009     }
3010 
3011     private String cannotCastMsg(Object obj) {
3012         return "Cannot cast " + obj.getClass().getName() + " to " + getName();
3013     }
3014 
3015     /**
3016      * Casts this {@code Class} object to represent a subclass of the class
3017      * represented by the specified class object.  Checks that the cast
3018      * is valid, and throws a {@code ClassCastException} if it is not.  If
3019      * this method succeeds, it always returns a reference to this class object.
3020      *
3021      * <p>This method is useful when a client needs to "narrow" the type of
3022      * a {@code Class} object to pass it to an API that restricts the
3023      * {@code Class} objects that it is willing to accept.  A cast would
3024      * generate a compile-time warning, as the correctness of the cast
3025      * could not be checked at runtime (because generic types are implemented
3026      * by erasure).
3027      *
3028      * @return this {@code Class} object, cast to represent a subclass of
3029      *    the specified class object.
3030      * @throws ClassCastException if this {@code Class} object does not
3031      *    represent a subclass of the specified class (here "subclass" includes
3032      *    the class itself).
3033      * @since 1.5
3034      */
3035     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3036     public <U> Class<? extends U> asSubclass(Class<U> clazz) {
3037         if (clazz.isAssignableFrom(this))
3038             return (Class<? extends U>) this;
3039         else
3040             throw new ClassCastException(this.toString());
3041     }
3042 
3043     /**
3044      * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3045      * @since 1.5
3046      */
3047     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3048     public <A extends Annotation> A getAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass) {
3049         if (annotationClass == null)
3050             throw new NullPointerException();
3051 
3052         initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3053         return (A) annotations.get(annotationClass);
3054     }
3055 
3056     /**
3057      * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3058      * @since 1.5
3059      */
3060     public boolean isAnnotationPresent(
3061         Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass) {
3062         if (annotationClass == null)
3063             throw new NullPointerException();
3064 
3065         return getAnnotation(annotationClass) != null;
3066     }
3067 
3068 
3069     /**
3070      * @since 1.5
3071      */
3072     public Annotation[] getAnnotations() {
3073         initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3074         return AnnotationParser.toArray(annotations);
3075     }
3076 
3077     /**
3078      * @since 1.5
3079      */
3080     public Annotation[] getDeclaredAnnotations()  {
3081         initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3082         return AnnotationParser.toArray(declaredAnnotations);
3083     }
3084 
3085     // Annotations cache
3086     private transient Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> annotations;
3087     private transient Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> declaredAnnotations;
3088 
3089     private synchronized void initAnnotationsIfNecessary() {
3090         clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
3091         if (annotations != null)
3092             return;
3093         declaredAnnotations = AnnotationParser.parseAnnotations(
3094             getRawAnnotations(), getConstantPool(), this);
3095         Class<?> superClass = getSuperclass();
3096         if (superClass == null) {
3097             annotations = declaredAnnotations;
3098         } else {
3099             annotations = new HashMap<>();
3100             superClass.initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3101             for (Map.Entry<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> e : superClass.annotations.entrySet()) {
3102                 Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass = e.getKey();
3103                 if (AnnotationType.getInstance(annotationClass).isInherited())
3104                     annotations.put(annotationClass, e.getValue());
3105             }
3106             annotations.putAll(declaredAnnotations);
3107         }
3108     }
3109 
3110     // Annotation types cache their internal (AnnotationType) form
3111 
3112     private AnnotationType annotationType;
3113 
3114     void setAnnotationType(AnnotationType type) {
3115         annotationType = type;
3116     }
3117 
3118     AnnotationType getAnnotationType() {
3119         return annotationType;
3120     }
3121 
3122     /* Backing store of user-defined values pertaining to this class.
3123      * Maintained by the ClassValue class.
3124      */
3125     transient ClassValue.ClassValueMap classValueMap;
3126 }