1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1994, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. 4 * 5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it 6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as 7 * published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this 8 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided 9 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code. 10 * 11 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT 12 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or 13 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License 14 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that 15 * accompanied this code). 16 * 17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version 18 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 19 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. 20 * 21 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA 22 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any 23 * questions. 24 */ 25 26 package java.lang; 27 28 import java.lang.annotation.Annotation; 29 import java.lang.module.ModuleReader; 30 import java.lang.ref.SoftReference; 31 import java.io.IOException; 32 import java.io.InputStream; 33 import java.io.ObjectStreamField; 34 import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement; 35 import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedType; 36 import java.lang.reflect.Array; 37 import java.lang.reflect.Constructor; 38 import java.lang.reflect.Executable; 39 import java.lang.reflect.Field; 40 import java.lang.reflect.GenericArrayType; 41 import java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration; 42 import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException; 43 import java.lang.reflect.Member; 44 import java.lang.reflect.Method; 45 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier; 46 import java.lang.reflect.Module; 47 import java.lang.reflect.Proxy; 48 import java.lang.reflect.Type; 49 import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable; 50 import java.net.URL; 51 import java.security.AccessController; 52 import java.security.PrivilegedAction; 53 import java.util.ArrayList; 54 import java.util.Collection; 55 import java.util.HashMap; 56 import java.util.HashSet; 57 import java.util.LinkedHashMap; 58 import java.util.List; 59 import java.util.Map; 60 import java.util.Objects; 61 import java.util.Set; 62 import java.util.StringJoiner; 63 64 import jdk.internal.HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate; 65 import jdk.internal.loader.BootLoader; 66 import jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader; 67 import jdk.internal.loader.ResourceHelper; 68 import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe; 69 import jdk.internal.misc.VM; 70 import jdk.internal.reflect.CallerSensitive; 71 import jdk.internal.reflect.ConstantPool; 72 import jdk.internal.reflect.Reflection; 73 import jdk.internal.reflect.ReflectionFactory; 74 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline; 75 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.CoreReflectionFactory; 76 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.GenericsFactory; 77 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ClassRepository; 78 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.MethodRepository; 79 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ConstructorRepository; 80 import sun.reflect.generics.scope.ClassScope; 81 import sun.security.util.SecurityConstants; 82 import sun.reflect.annotation.*; 83 import sun.reflect.misc.ReflectUtil; 84 85 /** 86 * Instances of the class {@code Class} represent classes and 87 * interfaces in a running Java application. An enum is a kind of 88 * class and an annotation is a kind of interface. Every array also 89 * belongs to a class that is reflected as a {@code Class} object 90 * that is shared by all arrays with the same element type and number 91 * of dimensions. The primitive Java types ({@code boolean}, 92 * {@code byte}, {@code char}, {@code short}, 93 * {@code int}, {@code long}, {@code float}, and 94 * {@code double}), and the keyword {@code void} are also 95 * represented as {@code Class} objects. 96 * 97 * <p> {@code Class} has no public constructor. Instead {@code Class} 98 * objects are constructed automatically by the Java Virtual Machine as classes 99 * are loaded and by calls to the {@code defineClass} method in the class 100 * loader. 101 * 102 * <p> The following example uses a {@code Class} object to print the 103 * class name of an object: 104 * 105 * <blockquote><pre> 106 * void printClassName(Object obj) { 107 * System.out.println("The class of " + obj + 108 * " is " + obj.getClass().getName()); 109 * } 110 * </pre></blockquote> 111 * 112 * <p> It is also possible to get the {@code Class} object for a named 113 * type (or for void) using a class literal. See Section 15.8.2 of 114 * <cite>The Java™ Language Specification</cite>. 115 * For example: 116 * 117 * <blockquote> 118 * {@code System.out.println("The name of class Foo is: "+Foo.class.getName());} 119 * </blockquote> 120 * 121 * @param <T> the type of the class modeled by this {@code Class} 122 * object. For example, the type of {@code String.class} is {@code 123 * Class<String>}. Use {@code Class<?>} if the class being modeled is 124 * unknown. 125 * 126 * @author unascribed 127 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#defineClass(byte[], int, int) 128 * @since 1.0 129 */ 130 public final class Class<T> implements java.io.Serializable, 131 GenericDeclaration, 132 Type, 133 AnnotatedElement { 134 private static final int ANNOTATION= 0x00002000; 135 private static final int ENUM = 0x00004000; 136 private static final int SYNTHETIC = 0x00001000; 137 138 private static native void registerNatives(); 139 static { 140 registerNatives(); 141 } 142 143 /* 144 * Private constructor. Only the Java Virtual Machine creates Class objects. 145 * This constructor is not used and prevents the default constructor being 146 * generated. 147 */ 148 private Class(ClassLoader loader, Class<?> arrayComponentType) { 149 // Initialize final field for classLoader. The initialization value of non-null 150 // prevents future JIT optimizations from assuming this final field is null. 151 classLoader = loader; 152 componentType = arrayComponentType; 153 } 154 155 /** 156 * Converts the object to a string. The string representation is the 157 * string "class" or "interface", followed by a space, and then by the 158 * fully qualified name of the class in the format returned by 159 * {@code getName}. If this {@code Class} object represents a 160 * primitive type, this method returns the name of the primitive type. If 161 * this {@code Class} object represents void this method returns 162 * "void". If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, 163 * this method returns "class " followed by {@code getName}. 164 * 165 * @return a string representation of this class object. 166 */ 167 public String toString() { 168 return (isInterface() ? "interface " : (isPrimitive() ? "" : "class ")) 169 + getName(); 170 } 171 172 /** 173 * Returns a string describing this {@code Class}, including 174 * information about modifiers and type parameters. 175 * 176 * The string is formatted as a list of type modifiers, if any, 177 * followed by the kind of type (empty string for primitive types 178 * and {@code class}, {@code enum}, {@code interface}, or 179 * <code>@</code>{@code interface}, as appropriate), followed 180 * by the type's name, followed by an angle-bracketed 181 * comma-separated list of the type's type parameters, if any. 182 * 183 * A space is used to separate modifiers from one another and to 184 * separate any modifiers from the kind of type. The modifiers 185 * occur in canonical order. If there are no type parameters, the 186 * type parameter list is elided. 187 * 188 * For an array type, the string starts with the type name, 189 * followed by an angle-bracketed comma-separated list of the 190 * type's type parameters, if any, followed by a sequence of 191 * {@code []} characters, one set of brackets per dimension of 192 * the array. 193 * 194 * <p>Note that since information about the runtime representation 195 * of a type is being generated, modifiers not present on the 196 * originating source code or illegal on the originating source 197 * code may be present. 198 * 199 * @return a string describing this {@code Class}, including 200 * information about modifiers and type parameters 201 * 202 * @since 1.8 203 */ 204 public String toGenericString() { 205 if (isPrimitive()) { 206 return toString(); 207 } else { 208 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); 209 Class<?> component = this; 210 int arrayDepth = 0; 211 212 if (isArray()) { 213 do { 214 arrayDepth++; 215 component = component.getComponentType(); 216 } while (component.isArray()); 217 sb.append(component.getName()); 218 } else { 219 // Class modifiers are a superset of interface modifiers 220 int modifiers = getModifiers() & Modifier.classModifiers(); 221 if (modifiers != 0) { 222 sb.append(Modifier.toString(modifiers)); 223 sb.append(' '); 224 } 225 226 if (isAnnotation()) { 227 sb.append('@'); 228 } 229 if (isInterface()) { // Note: all annotation types are interfaces 230 sb.append("interface"); 231 } else { 232 if (isEnum()) 233 sb.append("enum"); 234 else 235 sb.append("class"); 236 } 237 sb.append(' '); 238 sb.append(getName()); 239 } 240 241 TypeVariable<?>[] typeparms = component.getTypeParameters(); 242 if (typeparms.length > 0) { 243 StringJoiner sj = new StringJoiner(",", "<", ">"); 244 for(TypeVariable<?> typeparm: typeparms) { 245 sj.add(typeparm.getTypeName()); 246 } 247 sb.append(sj.toString()); 248 } 249 250 for (int i = 0; i < arrayDepth; i++) 251 sb.append("[]"); 252 253 return sb.toString(); 254 } 255 } 256 257 /** 258 * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or 259 * interface with the given string name. Invoking this method is 260 * equivalent to: 261 * 262 * <blockquote> 263 * {@code Class.forName(className, true, currentLoader)} 264 * </blockquote> 265 * 266 * where {@code currentLoader} denotes the defining class loader of 267 * the current class. 268 * 269 * <p> For example, the following code fragment returns the 270 * runtime {@code Class} descriptor for the class named 271 * {@code java.lang.Thread}: 272 * 273 * <blockquote> 274 * {@code Class t = Class.forName("java.lang.Thread")} 275 * </blockquote> 276 * <p> 277 * A call to {@code forName("X")} causes the class named 278 * {@code X} to be initialized. 279 * 280 * @param className the fully qualified name of the desired class. 281 * @return the {@code Class} object for the class with the 282 * specified name. 283 * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails 284 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked 285 * by this method fails 286 * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located 287 */ 288 @CallerSensitive 289 public static Class<?> forName(String className) 290 throws ClassNotFoundException { 291 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass(); 292 return forName0(className, true, ClassLoader.getClassLoader(caller), caller); 293 } 294 295 296 /** 297 * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or 298 * interface with the given string name, using the given class loader. 299 * Given the fully qualified name for a class or interface (in the same 300 * format returned by {@code getName}) this method attempts to 301 * locate, load, and link the class or interface. The specified class 302 * loader is used to load the class or interface. If the parameter 303 * {@code loader} is null, the class is loaded through the bootstrap 304 * class loader. The class is initialized only if the 305 * {@code initialize} parameter is {@code true} and if it has 306 * not been initialized earlier. 307 * 308 * <p> If {@code name} denotes a primitive type or void, an attempt 309 * will be made to locate a user-defined class in the unnamed package whose 310 * name is {@code name}. Therefore, this method cannot be used to 311 * obtain any of the {@code Class} objects representing primitive 312 * types or void. 313 * 314 * <p> If {@code name} denotes an array class, the component type of 315 * the array class is loaded but not initialized. 316 * 317 * <p> For example, in an instance method the expression: 318 * 319 * <blockquote> 320 * {@code Class.forName("Foo")} 321 * </blockquote> 322 * 323 * is equivalent to: 324 * 325 * <blockquote> 326 * {@code Class.forName("Foo", true, this.getClass().getClassLoader())} 327 * </blockquote> 328 * 329 * Note that this method throws errors related to loading, linking or 330 * initializing as specified in Sections 12.2, 12.3 and 12.4 of <em>The 331 * Java Language Specification</em>. 332 * Note that this method does not check whether the requested class 333 * is accessible to its caller. 334 * 335 * @param name fully qualified name of the desired class 336 * @param initialize if {@code true} the class will be initialized. 337 * See Section 12.4 of <em>The Java Language Specification</em>. 338 * @param loader class loader from which the class must be loaded 339 * @return class object representing the desired class 340 * 341 * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails 342 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked 343 * by this method fails 344 * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located by 345 * the specified class loader 346 * @exception SecurityException 347 * if a security manager is present, and the {@code loader} is 348 * {@code null}, and the caller's class loader is not 349 * {@code null}, and the caller does not have the 350 * {@link RuntimePermission}{@code ("getClassLoader")} 351 * 352 * @see java.lang.Class#forName(String) 353 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader 354 * @since 1.2 355 */ 356 @CallerSensitive 357 public static Class<?> forName(String name, boolean initialize, 358 ClassLoader loader) 359 throws ClassNotFoundException 360 { 361 Class<?> caller = null; 362 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 363 if (sm != null) { 364 // Reflective call to get caller class is only needed if a security manager 365 // is present. Avoid the overhead of making this call otherwise. 366 caller = Reflection.getCallerClass(); 367 if (VM.isSystemDomainLoader(loader)) { 368 ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getClassLoader(caller); 369 if (!VM.isSystemDomainLoader(ccl)) { 370 sm.checkPermission( 371 SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION); 372 } 373 } 374 } 375 return forName0(name, initialize, loader, caller); 376 } 377 378 /** Called after security check for system loader access checks have been made. */ 379 private static native Class<?> forName0(String name, boolean initialize, 380 ClassLoader loader, 381 Class<?> caller) 382 throws ClassNotFoundException; 383 384 385 /** 386 * Returns the {@code Class} with the given <a href="ClassLoader.html#name"> 387 * binary name</a> in the given module. 388 * 389 * <p> This method attempts to locate, load, and link the class or interface. 390 * It does not run the class initializer. If the class is not found, this 391 * method returns {@code null}. </p> 392 * 393 * <p> If the class loader of the given module defines other modules and 394 * the given name is a class defined in a different module, this method 395 * returns {@code null} after the class is loaded. </p> 396 * 397 * <p> This method does not check whether the requested class is 398 * accessible to its caller. </p> 399 * 400 * @apiNote 401 * This method returns {@code null} on failure rather than 402 * throwing a {@link ClassNotFoundException}, as is done by 403 * the {@link #forName(String, boolean, ClassLoader)} method. 404 * The security check is a stack-based permission check if the caller 405 * loads a class in another module. 406 * 407 * @param module A module 408 * @param name The <a href="ClassLoader.html#name">binary name</a> 409 * of the class 410 * @return {@code Class} object of the given name defined in the given module; 411 * {@code null} if not found. 412 * 413 * @throws NullPointerException if the given module or name is {@code null} 414 * 415 * @throws LinkageError if the linkage fails 416 * 417 * @throws SecurityException 418 * <ul> 419 * <li> if the caller is not the specified module and 420 * {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")} permission is denied; or</li> 421 * <li> access to the module content is denied. For example, 422 * permission check will be performed when a class loader calls 423 * {@link ModuleReader#open(String)} to read the bytes of a class file 424 * in a module.</li> 425 * </ul> 426 * 427 * @since 9 428 * @spec JPMS 429 */ 430 @CallerSensitive 431 public static Class<?> forName(Module module, String name) { 432 Objects.requireNonNull(module); 433 Objects.requireNonNull(name); 434 435 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass(); 436 if (caller != null && caller.getModule() != module) { 437 // if caller is null, Class.forName is the last java frame on the stack. 438 // java.base has all permissions 439 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 440 if (sm != null) { 441 sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION); 442 } 443 } 444 445 PrivilegedAction<ClassLoader> pa = module::getClassLoader; 446 ClassLoader cl = AccessController.doPrivileged(pa); 447 if (cl != null) { 448 return cl.loadClass(module, name); 449 } else { 450 return BootLoader.loadClass(module, name); 451 } 452 } 453 454 /** 455 * Creates a new instance of the class represented by this {@code Class} 456 * object. The class is instantiated as if by a {@code new} 457 * expression with an empty argument list. The class is initialized if it 458 * has not already been initialized. 459 * 460 * @deprecated This method propagates any exception thrown by the 461 * nullary constructor, including a checked exception. Use of 462 * this method effectively bypasses the compile-time exception 463 * checking that would otherwise be performed by the compiler. 464 * The {@link 465 * java.lang.reflect.Constructor#newInstance(java.lang.Object...) 466 * Constructor.newInstance} method avoids this problem by wrapping 467 * any exception thrown by the constructor in a (checked) {@link 468 * java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException}. 469 * 470 * <p>The call 471 * 472 * <pre>{@code 473 * clazz.newInstance() 474 * }</pre> 475 * 476 * can be replaced by 477 * 478 * <pre>{@code 479 * clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance() 480 * }</pre> 481 * 482 * The latter sequence of calls is inferred to be able to throw 483 * the additional exception types {@link 484 * InvocationTargetException} and {@link 485 * NoSuchMethodException}. Both of these exception types are 486 * subclasses of {@link ReflectiveOperationException}. 487 * 488 * @return a newly allocated instance of the class represented by this 489 * object. 490 * @throws IllegalAccessException if the class or its nullary 491 * constructor is not accessible. 492 * @throws InstantiationException 493 * if this {@code Class} represents an abstract class, 494 * an interface, an array class, a primitive type, or void; 495 * or if the class has no nullary constructor; 496 * or if the instantiation fails for some other reason. 497 * @throws ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization 498 * provoked by this method fails. 499 * @throws SecurityException 500 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and 501 * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 502 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and 503 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 504 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 505 * of this class. 506 */ 507 @CallerSensitive 508 @Deprecated(since="9") 509 public T newInstance() 510 throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException 511 { 512 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 513 if (sm != null) { 514 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), false); 515 } 516 517 // NOTE: the following code may not be strictly correct under 518 // the current Java memory model. 519 520 // Constructor lookup 521 if (cachedConstructor == null) { 522 if (this == Class.class) { 523 throw new IllegalAccessException( 524 "Can not call newInstance() on the Class for java.lang.Class" 525 ); 526 } 527 try { 528 Class<?>[] empty = {}; 529 final Constructor<T> c = getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor( 530 getConstructor0(empty, Member.DECLARED)); 531 // Disable accessibility checks on the constructor 532 // since we have to do the security check here anyway 533 // (the stack depth is wrong for the Constructor's 534 // security check to work) 535 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged( 536 new java.security.PrivilegedAction<>() { 537 public Void run() { 538 c.setAccessible(true); 539 return null; 540 } 541 }); 542 cachedConstructor = c; 543 } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) { 544 throw (InstantiationException) 545 new InstantiationException(getName()).initCause(e); 546 } 547 } 548 Constructor<T> tmpConstructor = cachedConstructor; 549 // Security check (same as in java.lang.reflect.Constructor) 550 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass(); 551 if (newInstanceCallerCache != caller) { 552 int modifiers = tmpConstructor.getModifiers(); 553 Reflection.ensureMemberAccess(caller, this, this, modifiers); 554 newInstanceCallerCache = caller; 555 } 556 // Run constructor 557 try { 558 return tmpConstructor.newInstance((Object[])null); 559 } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { 560 Unsafe.getUnsafe().throwException(e.getTargetException()); 561 // Not reached 562 return null; 563 } 564 } 565 private transient volatile Constructor<T> cachedConstructor; 566 private transient volatile Class<?> newInstanceCallerCache; 567 568 569 /** 570 * Determines if the specified {@code Object} is assignment-compatible 571 * with the object represented by this {@code Class}. This method is 572 * the dynamic equivalent of the Java language {@code instanceof} 573 * operator. The method returns {@code true} if the specified 574 * {@code Object} argument is non-null and can be cast to the 575 * reference type represented by this {@code Class} object without 576 * raising a {@code ClassCastException.} It returns {@code false} 577 * otherwise. 578 * 579 * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a 580 * declared class, this method returns {@code true} if the specified 581 * {@code Object} argument is an instance of the represented class (or 582 * of any of its subclasses); it returns {@code false} otherwise. If 583 * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, this method 584 * returns {@code true} if the specified {@code Object} argument 585 * can be converted to an object of the array class by an identity 586 * conversion or by a widening reference conversion; it returns 587 * {@code false} otherwise. If this {@code Class} object 588 * represents an interface, this method returns {@code true} if the 589 * class or any superclass of the specified {@code Object} argument 590 * implements this interface; it returns {@code false} otherwise. If 591 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, this method 592 * returns {@code false}. 593 * 594 * @param obj the object to check 595 * @return true if {@code obj} is an instance of this class 596 * 597 * @since 1.1 598 */ 599 @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate 600 public native boolean isInstance(Object obj); 601 602 603 /** 604 * Determines if the class or interface represented by this 605 * {@code Class} object is either the same as, or is a superclass or 606 * superinterface of, the class or interface represented by the specified 607 * {@code Class} parameter. It returns {@code true} if so; 608 * otherwise it returns {@code false}. If this {@code Class} 609 * object represents a primitive type, this method returns 610 * {@code true} if the specified {@code Class} parameter is 611 * exactly this {@code Class} object; otherwise it returns 612 * {@code false}. 613 * 614 * <p> Specifically, this method tests whether the type represented by the 615 * specified {@code Class} parameter can be converted to the type 616 * represented by this {@code Class} object via an identity conversion 617 * or via a widening reference conversion. See <em>The Java Language 618 * Specification</em>, sections 5.1.1 and 5.1.4 , for details. 619 * 620 * @param cls the {@code Class} object to be checked 621 * @return the {@code boolean} value indicating whether objects of the 622 * type {@code cls} can be assigned to objects of this class 623 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified Class parameter is 624 * null. 625 * @since 1.1 626 */ 627 @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate 628 public native boolean isAssignableFrom(Class<?> cls); 629 630 631 /** 632 * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents an 633 * interface type. 634 * 635 * @return {@code true} if this object represents an interface; 636 * {@code false} otherwise. 637 */ 638 @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate 639 public native boolean isInterface(); 640 641 642 /** 643 * Determines if this {@code Class} object represents an array class. 644 * 645 * @return {@code true} if this object represents an array class; 646 * {@code false} otherwise. 647 * @since 1.1 648 */ 649 @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate 650 public native boolean isArray(); 651 652 653 /** 654 * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents a 655 * primitive type. 656 * 657 * <p> There are nine predefined {@code Class} objects to represent 658 * the eight primitive types and void. These are created by the Java 659 * Virtual Machine, and have the same names as the primitive types that 660 * they represent, namely {@code boolean}, {@code byte}, 661 * {@code char}, {@code short}, {@code int}, 662 * {@code long}, {@code float}, and {@code double}. 663 * 664 * <p> These objects may only be accessed via the following public static 665 * final variables, and are the only {@code Class} objects for which 666 * this method returns {@code true}. 667 * 668 * @return true if and only if this class represents a primitive type 669 * 670 * @see java.lang.Boolean#TYPE 671 * @see java.lang.Character#TYPE 672 * @see java.lang.Byte#TYPE 673 * @see java.lang.Short#TYPE 674 * @see java.lang.Integer#TYPE 675 * @see java.lang.Long#TYPE 676 * @see java.lang.Float#TYPE 677 * @see java.lang.Double#TYPE 678 * @see java.lang.Void#TYPE 679 * @since 1.1 680 */ 681 @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate 682 public native boolean isPrimitive(); 683 684 /** 685 * Returns true if this {@code Class} object represents an annotation 686 * type. Note that if this method returns true, {@link #isInterface()} 687 * would also return true, as all annotation types are also interfaces. 688 * 689 * @return {@code true} if this class object represents an annotation 690 * type; {@code false} otherwise 691 * @since 1.5 692 */ 693 public boolean isAnnotation() { 694 return (getModifiers() & ANNOTATION) != 0; 695 } 696 697 /** 698 * Returns {@code true} if this class is a synthetic class; 699 * returns {@code false} otherwise. 700 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a synthetic class as 701 * defined by the Java Language Specification. 702 * @jls 13.1 The Form of a Binary 703 * @since 1.5 704 */ 705 public boolean isSynthetic() { 706 return (getModifiers() & SYNTHETIC) != 0; 707 } 708 709 /** 710 * Returns the name of the entity (class, interface, array class, 711 * primitive type, or void) represented by this {@code Class} object, 712 * as a {@code String}. 713 * 714 * <p> If this class object represents a reference type that is not an 715 * array type then the binary name of the class is returned, as specified 716 * by 717 * <cite>The Java™ Language Specification</cite>. 718 * 719 * <p> If this class object represents a primitive type or void, then the 720 * name returned is a {@code String} equal to the Java language 721 * keyword corresponding to the primitive type or void. 722 * 723 * <p> If this class object represents a class of arrays, then the internal 724 * form of the name consists of the name of the element type preceded by 725 * one or more '{@code [}' characters representing the depth of the array 726 * nesting. The encoding of element type names is as follows: 727 * 728 * <blockquote><table summary="Element types and encodings"> 729 * <tr><th> Element Type <th> <th> Encoding 730 * <tr><td> boolean <td> <td align=center> Z 731 * <tr><td> byte <td> <td align=center> B 732 * <tr><td> char <td> <td align=center> C 733 * <tr><td> class or interface 734 * <td> <td align=center> L<i>classname</i>; 735 * <tr><td> double <td> <td align=center> D 736 * <tr><td> float <td> <td align=center> F 737 * <tr><td> int <td> <td align=center> I 738 * <tr><td> long <td> <td align=center> J 739 * <tr><td> short <td> <td align=center> S 740 * </table></blockquote> 741 * 742 * <p> The class or interface name <i>classname</i> is the binary name of 743 * the class specified above. 744 * 745 * <p> Examples: 746 * <blockquote><pre> 747 * String.class.getName() 748 * returns "java.lang.String" 749 * byte.class.getName() 750 * returns "byte" 751 * (new Object[3]).getClass().getName() 752 * returns "[Ljava.lang.Object;" 753 * (new int[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]).getClass().getName() 754 * returns "[[[[[[[I" 755 * </pre></blockquote> 756 * 757 * @return the name of the class or interface 758 * represented by this object. 759 */ 760 public String getName() { 761 String name = this.name; 762 if (name == null) 763 this.name = name = getName0(); 764 return name; 765 } 766 767 // cache the name to reduce the number of calls into the VM 768 private transient String name; 769 private native String getName0(); 770 771 /** 772 * Returns the class loader for the class. Some implementations may use 773 * null to represent the bootstrap class loader. This method will return 774 * null in such implementations if this class was loaded by the bootstrap 775 * class loader. 776 * 777 * <p>If this object 778 * represents a primitive type or void, null is returned. 779 * 780 * @return the class loader that loaded the class or interface 781 * represented by this object. 782 * @throws SecurityException 783 * if a security manager is present, and the caller's class loader 784 * is not {@code null} and is not the same as or an ancestor of the 785 * class loader for the class whose class loader is requested, 786 * and the caller does not have the 787 * {@link RuntimePermission}{@code ("getClassLoader")} 788 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader 789 * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission 790 * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission 791 */ 792 @CallerSensitive 793 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization 794 public ClassLoader getClassLoader() { 795 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0(); 796 if (cl == null) 797 return null; 798 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 799 if (sm != null) { 800 ClassLoader.checkClassLoaderPermission(cl, Reflection.getCallerClass()); 801 } 802 return cl; 803 } 804 805 // Package-private to allow ClassLoader access 806 ClassLoader getClassLoader0() { return classLoader; } 807 808 /** 809 * Returns the module that this class or interface is a member of. 810 * 811 * If this class represents an array type then this method returns the 812 * {@code Module} for the element type. If this class represents a 813 * primitive type or void, then the {@code Module} object for the 814 * {@code java.base} module is returned. 815 * 816 * If this class is in an unnamed module then the {@link 817 * ClassLoader#getUnnamedModule() unnamed} {@code Module} of the class 818 * loader for this class is returned. 819 * 820 * @return the module that this class or interface is a member of 821 * 822 * @since 9 823 * @spec JPMS 824 */ 825 public Module getModule() { 826 return module; 827 } 828 829 // set by VM 830 private transient Module module; 831 832 // Initialized in JVM not by private constructor 833 // This field is filtered from reflection access, i.e. getDeclaredField 834 // will throw NoSuchFieldException 835 private final ClassLoader classLoader; 836 837 /** 838 * Returns an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent the 839 * type variables declared by the generic declaration represented by this 840 * {@code GenericDeclaration} object, in declaration order. Returns an 841 * array of length 0 if the underlying generic declaration declares no type 842 * variables. 843 * 844 * @return an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent 845 * the type variables declared by this generic declaration 846 * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic 847 * signature of this generic declaration does not conform to 848 * the format specified in 849 * <cite>The Java™ Virtual Machine Specification</cite> 850 * @since 1.5 851 */ 852 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 853 public TypeVariable<Class<T>>[] getTypeParameters() { 854 ClassRepository info = getGenericInfo(); 855 if (info != null) 856 return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])info.getTypeParameters(); 857 else 858 return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])new TypeVariable<?>[0]; 859 } 860 861 862 /** 863 * Returns the {@code Class} representing the direct superclass of the 864 * entity (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by 865 * this {@code Class}. If this {@code Class} represents either the 866 * {@code Object} class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then 867 * null is returned. If this object represents an array class then the 868 * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is 869 * returned. 870 * 871 * @return the direct superclass of the class represented by this object 872 */ 873 @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate 874 public native Class<? super T> getSuperclass(); 875 876 877 /** 878 * Returns the {@code Type} representing the direct superclass of 879 * the entity (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by 880 * this {@code Class}. 881 * 882 * <p>If the superclass is a parameterized type, the {@code Type} 883 * object returned must accurately reflect the actual type 884 * parameters used in the source code. The parameterized type 885 * representing the superclass is created if it had not been 886 * created before. See the declaration of {@link 887 * java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType} for the 888 * semantics of the creation process for parameterized types. If 889 * this {@code Class} represents either the {@code Object} 890 * class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then null is 891 * returned. If this object represents an array class then the 892 * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is 893 * returned. 894 * 895 * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic 896 * class signature does not conform to the format specified in 897 * <cite>The Java™ Virtual Machine Specification</cite> 898 * @throws TypeNotPresentException if the generic superclass 899 * refers to a non-existent type declaration 900 * @throws java.lang.reflect.MalformedParameterizedTypeException if the 901 * generic superclass refers to a parameterized type that cannot be 902 * instantiated for any reason 903 * @return the direct superclass of the class represented by this object 904 * @since 1.5 905 */ 906 public Type getGenericSuperclass() { 907 ClassRepository info = getGenericInfo(); 908 if (info == null) { 909 return getSuperclass(); 910 } 911 912 // Historical irregularity: 913 // Generic signature marks interfaces with superclass = Object 914 // but this API returns null for interfaces 915 if (isInterface()) { 916 return null; 917 } 918 919 return info.getSuperclass(); 920 } 921 922 /** 923 * Gets the package of this class. 924 * 925 * <p>If this class represents an array type, a primitive type or void, 926 * this method returns {@code null}. 927 * 928 * @return the package of this class. 929 * @revised 9 930 * @spec JPMS 931 */ 932 public Package getPackage() { 933 if (isPrimitive() || isArray()) { 934 return null; 935 } 936 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0(); 937 return cl != null ? cl.definePackage(this) 938 : BootLoader.definePackage(this); 939 } 940 941 /** 942 * Returns the fully qualified package name. 943 * 944 * <p> If this class is a top level class, then this method returns the fully 945 * qualified name of the package that the class is a member of, or the 946 * empty string if the class is in an unnamed package. 947 * 948 * <p> If this class is a member class, then this method is equivalent to 949 * invoking {@code getPackageName()} on the {@link #getEnclosingClass 950 * enclosing class}. 951 * 952 * <p> If this class is a {@link #isLocalClass local class} or an {@link 953 * #isAnonymousClass() anonymous class}, then this method is equivalent to 954 * invoking {@code getPackageName()} on the {@link #getDeclaringClass 955 * declaring class} of the {@link #getEnclosingMethod enclosing method} or 956 * {@link #getEnclosingConstructor enclosing constructor}. 957 * 958 * <p> If this class represents an array type then this method returns the 959 * package name of the element type. If this class represents a primitive 960 * type or void then the package name "{@code java.lang}" is returned. 961 * 962 * @return the fully qualified package name 963 * 964 * @since 9 965 * @spec JPMS 966 * @jls 6.7 Fully Qualified Names 967 */ 968 public String getPackageName() { 969 String pn = this.packageName; 970 if (pn == null) { 971 Class<?> c = this; 972 while (c.isArray()) { 973 c = c.getComponentType(); 974 } 975 if (c.isPrimitive()) { 976 pn = "java.lang"; 977 } else { 978 String cn = c.getName(); 979 int dot = cn.lastIndexOf('.'); 980 pn = (dot != -1) ? cn.substring(0, dot).intern() : ""; 981 } 982 this.packageName = pn; 983 } 984 return pn; 985 } 986 987 // cached package name 988 private transient String packageName; 989 990 /** 991 * Returns the interfaces directly implemented by the class or interface 992 * represented by this object. 993 * 994 * <p>If this object represents a class, the return value is an array 995 * containing objects representing all interfaces directly implemented by 996 * the class. The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds 997 * to the order of the interface names in the {@code implements} clause of 998 * the declaration of the class represented by this object. For example, 999 * given the declaration: 1000 * <blockquote> 1001 * {@code class Shimmer implements FloorWax, DessertTopping { ... }} 1002 * </blockquote> 1003 * suppose the value of {@code s} is an instance of 1004 * {@code Shimmer}; the value of the expression: 1005 * <blockquote> 1006 * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[0]} 1007 * </blockquote> 1008 * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface 1009 * {@code FloorWax}; and the value of: 1010 * <blockquote> 1011 * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[1]} 1012 * </blockquote> 1013 * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface 1014 * {@code DessertTopping}. 1015 * 1016 * <p>If this object represents an interface, the array contains objects 1017 * representing all interfaces directly extended by the interface. The 1018 * order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of 1019 * the interface names in the {@code extends} clause of the declaration of 1020 * the interface represented by this object. 1021 * 1022 * <p>If this object represents a class or interface that implements no 1023 * interfaces, the method returns an array of length 0. 1024 * 1025 * <p>If this object represents a primitive type or void, the method 1026 * returns an array of length 0. 1027 * 1028 * <p>If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, the 1029 * interfaces {@code Cloneable} and {@code java.io.Serializable} are 1030 * returned in that order. 1031 * 1032 * @return an array of interfaces directly implemented by this class 1033 */ 1034 public Class<?>[] getInterfaces() { 1035 // defensively copy before handing over to user code 1036 return getInterfaces(true); 1037 } 1038 1039 private Class<?>[] getInterfaces(boolean cloneArray) { 1040 ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData(); 1041 if (rd == null) { 1042 // no cloning required 1043 return getInterfaces0(); 1044 } else { 1045 Class<?>[] interfaces = rd.interfaces; 1046 if (interfaces == null) { 1047 interfaces = getInterfaces0(); 1048 rd.interfaces = interfaces; 1049 } 1050 // defensively copy if requested 1051 return cloneArray ? interfaces.clone() : interfaces; 1052 } 1053 } 1054 1055 private native Class<?>[] getInterfaces0(); 1056 1057 /** 1058 * Returns the {@code Type}s representing the interfaces 1059 * directly implemented by the class or interface represented by 1060 * this object. 1061 * 1062 * <p>If a superinterface is a parameterized type, the 1063 * {@code Type} object returned for it must accurately reflect 1064 * the actual type parameters used in the source code. The 1065 * parameterized type representing each superinterface is created 1066 * if it had not been created before. See the declaration of 1067 * {@link java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType} 1068 * for the semantics of the creation process for parameterized 1069 * types. 1070 * 1071 * <p>If this object represents a class, the return value is an array 1072 * containing objects representing all interfaces directly implemented by 1073 * the class. The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds 1074 * to the order of the interface names in the {@code implements} clause of 1075 * the declaration of the class represented by this object. 1076 * 1077 * <p>If this object represents an interface, the array contains objects 1078 * representing all interfaces directly extended by the interface. The 1079 * order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of 1080 * the interface names in the {@code extends} clause of the declaration of 1081 * the interface represented by this object. 1082 * 1083 * <p>If this object represents a class or interface that implements no 1084 * interfaces, the method returns an array of length 0. 1085 * 1086 * <p>If this object represents a primitive type or void, the method 1087 * returns an array of length 0. 1088 * 1089 * <p>If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, the 1090 * interfaces {@code Cloneable} and {@code java.io.Serializable} are 1091 * returned in that order. 1092 * 1093 * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError 1094 * if the generic class signature does not conform to the format 1095 * specified in 1096 * <cite>The Java™ Virtual Machine Specification</cite> 1097 * @throws TypeNotPresentException if any of the generic 1098 * superinterfaces refers to a non-existent type declaration 1099 * @throws java.lang.reflect.MalformedParameterizedTypeException 1100 * if any of the generic superinterfaces refer to a parameterized 1101 * type that cannot be instantiated for any reason 1102 * @return an array of interfaces directly implemented by this class 1103 * @since 1.5 1104 */ 1105 public Type[] getGenericInterfaces() { 1106 ClassRepository info = getGenericInfo(); 1107 return (info == null) ? getInterfaces() : info.getSuperInterfaces(); 1108 } 1109 1110 1111 /** 1112 * Returns the {@code Class} representing the component type of an 1113 * array. If this class does not represent an array class this method 1114 * returns null. 1115 * 1116 * @return the {@code Class} representing the component type of this 1117 * class if this class is an array 1118 * @see java.lang.reflect.Array 1119 * @since 1.1 1120 */ 1121 public Class<?> getComponentType() { 1122 // Only return for array types. Storage may be reused for Class for instance types. 1123 if (isArray()) { 1124 return componentType; 1125 } else { 1126 return null; 1127 } 1128 } 1129 1130 private final Class<?> componentType; 1131 1132 1133 /** 1134 * Returns the Java language modifiers for this class or interface, encoded 1135 * in an integer. The modifiers consist of the Java Virtual Machine's 1136 * constants for {@code public}, {@code protected}, 1137 * {@code private}, {@code final}, {@code static}, 1138 * {@code abstract} and {@code interface}; they should be decoded 1139 * using the methods of class {@code Modifier}. 1140 * 1141 * <p> If the underlying class is an array class, then its 1142 * {@code public}, {@code private} and {@code protected} 1143 * modifiers are the same as those of its component type. If this 1144 * {@code Class} represents a primitive type or void, its 1145 * {@code public} modifier is always {@code true}, and its 1146 * {@code protected} and {@code private} modifiers are always 1147 * {@code false}. If this object represents an array class, a 1148 * primitive type or void, then its {@code final} modifier is always 1149 * {@code true} and its interface modifier is always 1150 * {@code false}. The values of its other modifiers are not determined 1151 * by this specification. 1152 * 1153 * <p> The modifier encodings are defined in <em>The Java Virtual Machine 1154 * Specification</em>, table 4.1. 1155 * 1156 * @return the {@code int} representing the modifiers for this class 1157 * @see java.lang.reflect.Modifier 1158 * @since 1.1 1159 */ 1160 @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate 1161 public native int getModifiers(); 1162 1163 1164 /** 1165 * Gets the signers of this class. 1166 * 1167 * @return the signers of this class, or null if there are no signers. In 1168 * particular, this method returns null if this object represents 1169 * a primitive type or void. 1170 * @since 1.1 1171 */ 1172 public native Object[] getSigners(); 1173 1174 1175 /** 1176 * Set the signers of this class. 1177 */ 1178 native void setSigners(Object[] signers); 1179 1180 1181 /** 1182 * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous 1183 * class within a method, returns a {@link 1184 * java.lang.reflect.Method Method} object representing the 1185 * immediately enclosing method of the underlying class. Returns 1186 * {@code null} otherwise. 1187 * 1188 * In particular, this method returns {@code null} if the underlying 1189 * class is a local or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type 1190 * declaration, instance initializer or static initializer. 1191 * 1192 * @return the immediately enclosing method of the underlying class, if 1193 * that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}. 1194 * 1195 * @throws SecurityException 1196 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the 1197 * following conditions is met: 1198 * 1199 * <ul> 1200 * 1201 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the 1202 * class loader of the enclosing class and invocation of 1203 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission 1204 * s.checkPermission} method with 1205 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")} 1206 * denies access to the methods within the enclosing class 1207 * 1208 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 1209 * ancestor of the class loader for the enclosing class and 1210 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 1211 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 1212 * of the enclosing class 1213 * 1214 * </ul> 1215 * @since 1.5 1216 */ 1217 @CallerSensitive 1218 public Method getEnclosingMethod() throws SecurityException { 1219 EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo(); 1220 1221 if (enclosingInfo == null) 1222 return null; 1223 else { 1224 if (!enclosingInfo.isMethod()) 1225 return null; 1226 1227 MethodRepository typeInfo = MethodRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(), 1228 getFactory()); 1229 Class<?> returnType = toClass(typeInfo.getReturnType()); 1230 Type [] parameterTypes = typeInfo.getParameterTypes(); 1231 Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length]; 1232 1233 // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should* 1234 // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used 1235 // don't have generics information 1236 for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++) 1237 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]); 1238 1239 // Perform access check 1240 final Class<?> enclosingCandidate = enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass(); 1241 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 1242 if (sm != null) { 1243 enclosingCandidate.checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, 1244 Reflection.getCallerClass(), true); 1245 } 1246 Method[] candidates = enclosingCandidate.privateGetDeclaredMethods(false); 1247 1248 /* 1249 * Loop over all declared methods; match method name, 1250 * number of and type of parameters, *and* return 1251 * type. Matching return type is also necessary 1252 * because of covariant returns, etc. 1253 */ 1254 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory(); 1255 for (Method m : candidates) { 1256 if (m.getName().equals(enclosingInfo.getName()) && 1257 arrayContentsEq(parameterClasses, 1258 fact.getExecutableSharedParameterTypes(m))) { 1259 // finally, check return type 1260 if (m.getReturnType().equals(returnType)) { 1261 return fact.copyMethod(m); 1262 } 1263 } 1264 } 1265 1266 throw new InternalError("Enclosing method not found"); 1267 } 1268 } 1269 1270 private native Object[] getEnclosingMethod0(); 1271 1272 private EnclosingMethodInfo getEnclosingMethodInfo() { 1273 Object[] enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethod0(); 1274 if (enclosingInfo == null) 1275 return null; 1276 else { 1277 return new EnclosingMethodInfo(enclosingInfo); 1278 } 1279 } 1280 1281 private static final class EnclosingMethodInfo { 1282 private final Class<?> enclosingClass; 1283 private final String name; 1284 private final String descriptor; 1285 1286 static void validate(Object[] enclosingInfo) { 1287 if (enclosingInfo.length != 3) 1288 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information"); 1289 try { 1290 // The array is expected to have three elements: 1291 1292 // the immediately enclosing class 1293 Class<?> enclosingClass = (Class<?>)enclosingInfo[0]; 1294 assert(enclosingClass != null); 1295 1296 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's 1297 // name (can be null). 1298 String name = (String)enclosingInfo[1]; 1299 1300 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's 1301 // descriptor (null iff name is). 1302 String descriptor = (String)enclosingInfo[2]; 1303 assert((name != null && descriptor != null) || name == descriptor); 1304 } catch (ClassCastException cce) { 1305 throw new InternalError("Invalid type in enclosing method information", cce); 1306 } 1307 } 1308 1309 EnclosingMethodInfo(Object[] enclosingInfo) { 1310 validate(enclosingInfo); 1311 this.enclosingClass = (Class<?>)enclosingInfo[0]; 1312 this.name = (String)enclosingInfo[1]; 1313 this.descriptor = (String)enclosingInfo[2]; 1314 } 1315 1316 boolean isPartial() { 1317 return enclosingClass == null || name == null || descriptor == null; 1318 } 1319 1320 boolean isConstructor() { return !isPartial() && "<init>".equals(name); } 1321 1322 boolean isMethod() { return !isPartial() && !isConstructor() && !"<clinit>".equals(name); } 1323 1324 Class<?> getEnclosingClass() { return enclosingClass; } 1325 1326 String getName() { return name; } 1327 1328 String getDescriptor() { return descriptor; } 1329 1330 } 1331 1332 private static Class<?> toClass(Type o) { 1333 if (o instanceof GenericArrayType) 1334 return Array.newInstance(toClass(((GenericArrayType)o).getGenericComponentType()), 1335 0) 1336 .getClass(); 1337 return (Class<?>)o; 1338 } 1339 1340 /** 1341 * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous 1342 * class within a constructor, returns a {@link 1343 * java.lang.reflect.Constructor Constructor} object representing 1344 * the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying 1345 * class. Returns {@code null} otherwise. In particular, this 1346 * method returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a local 1347 * or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type declaration, 1348 * instance initializer or static initializer. 1349 * 1350 * @return the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying class, if 1351 * that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}. 1352 * @throws SecurityException 1353 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the 1354 * following conditions is met: 1355 * 1356 * <ul> 1357 * 1358 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the 1359 * class loader of the enclosing class and invocation of 1360 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission 1361 * s.checkPermission} method with 1362 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")} 1363 * denies access to the constructors within the enclosing class 1364 * 1365 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 1366 * ancestor of the class loader for the enclosing class and 1367 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 1368 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 1369 * of the enclosing class 1370 * 1371 * </ul> 1372 * @since 1.5 1373 */ 1374 @CallerSensitive 1375 public Constructor<?> getEnclosingConstructor() throws SecurityException { 1376 EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo(); 1377 1378 if (enclosingInfo == null) 1379 return null; 1380 else { 1381 if (!enclosingInfo.isConstructor()) 1382 return null; 1383 1384 ConstructorRepository typeInfo = ConstructorRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(), 1385 getFactory()); 1386 Type [] parameterTypes = typeInfo.getParameterTypes(); 1387 Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length]; 1388 1389 // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should* 1390 // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used 1391 // don't have generics information 1392 for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++) 1393 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]); 1394 1395 // Perform access check 1396 final Class<?> enclosingCandidate = enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass(); 1397 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 1398 if (sm != null) { 1399 enclosingCandidate.checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, 1400 Reflection.getCallerClass(), true); 1401 } 1402 1403 Constructor<?>[] candidates = enclosingCandidate 1404 .privateGetDeclaredConstructors(false); 1405 /* 1406 * Loop over all declared constructors; match number 1407 * of and type of parameters. 1408 */ 1409 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory(); 1410 for (Constructor<?> c : candidates) { 1411 if (arrayContentsEq(parameterClasses, 1412 fact.getExecutableSharedParameterTypes(c))) { 1413 return fact.copyConstructor(c); 1414 } 1415 } 1416 1417 throw new InternalError("Enclosing constructor not found"); 1418 } 1419 } 1420 1421 1422 /** 1423 * If the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} object 1424 * is a member of another class, returns the {@code Class} object 1425 * representing the class in which it was declared. This method returns 1426 * null if this class or interface is not a member of any other class. If 1427 * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, a primitive 1428 * type, or void,then this method returns null. 1429 * 1430 * @return the declaring class for this class 1431 * @throws SecurityException 1432 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and the caller's 1433 * class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of the class 1434 * loader for the declaring class and invocation of {@link 1435 * SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess s.checkPackageAccess()} 1436 * denies access to the package of the declaring class 1437 * @since 1.1 1438 */ 1439 @CallerSensitive 1440 public Class<?> getDeclaringClass() throws SecurityException { 1441 final Class<?> candidate = getDeclaringClass0(); 1442 1443 if (candidate != null) { 1444 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 1445 if (sm != null) { 1446 candidate.checkPackageAccess(sm, 1447 ClassLoader.getClassLoader(Reflection.getCallerClass()), true); 1448 } 1449 } 1450 return candidate; 1451 } 1452 1453 private native Class<?> getDeclaringClass0(); 1454 1455 1456 /** 1457 * Returns the immediately enclosing class of the underlying 1458 * class. If the underlying class is a top level class this 1459 * method returns {@code null}. 1460 * @return the immediately enclosing class of the underlying class 1461 * @exception SecurityException 1462 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and the caller's 1463 * class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of the class 1464 * loader for the enclosing class and invocation of {@link 1465 * SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess s.checkPackageAccess()} 1466 * denies access to the package of the enclosing class 1467 * @since 1.5 1468 */ 1469 @CallerSensitive 1470 public Class<?> getEnclosingClass() throws SecurityException { 1471 // There are five kinds of classes (or interfaces): 1472 // a) Top level classes 1473 // b) Nested classes (static member classes) 1474 // c) Inner classes (non-static member classes) 1475 // d) Local classes (named classes declared within a method) 1476 // e) Anonymous classes 1477 1478 1479 // JVM Spec 4.7.7: A class must have an EnclosingMethod 1480 // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an 1481 // anonymous class. 1482 EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo(); 1483 Class<?> enclosingCandidate; 1484 1485 if (enclosingInfo == null) { 1486 // This is a top level or a nested class or an inner class (a, b, or c) 1487 enclosingCandidate = getDeclaringClass0(); 1488 } else { 1489 Class<?> enclosingClass = enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass(); 1490 // This is a local class or an anonymous class (d or e) 1491 if (enclosingClass == this || enclosingClass == null) 1492 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information"); 1493 else 1494 enclosingCandidate = enclosingClass; 1495 } 1496 1497 if (enclosingCandidate != null) { 1498 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 1499 if (sm != null) { 1500 enclosingCandidate.checkPackageAccess(sm, 1501 ClassLoader.getClassLoader(Reflection.getCallerClass()), true); 1502 } 1503 } 1504 return enclosingCandidate; 1505 } 1506 1507 /** 1508 * Returns the simple name of the underlying class as given in the 1509 * source code. Returns an empty string if the underlying class is 1510 * anonymous. 1511 * 1512 * <p>The simple name of an array is the simple name of the 1513 * component type with "[]" appended. In particular the simple 1514 * name of an array whose component type is anonymous is "[]". 1515 * 1516 * @return the simple name of the underlying class 1517 * @since 1.5 1518 */ 1519 public String getSimpleName() { 1520 if (isArray()) 1521 return getComponentType().getSimpleName()+"[]"; 1522 1523 String simpleName = getSimpleBinaryName(); 1524 if (simpleName == null) { // top level class 1525 simpleName = getName(); 1526 return simpleName.substring(simpleName.lastIndexOf('.')+1); // strip the package name 1527 } 1528 return simpleName; 1529 } 1530 1531 /** 1532 * Return an informative string for the name of this type. 1533 * 1534 * @return an informative string for the name of this type 1535 * @since 1.8 1536 */ 1537 public String getTypeName() { 1538 if (isArray()) { 1539 try { 1540 Class<?> cl = this; 1541 int dimensions = 0; 1542 while (cl.isArray()) { 1543 dimensions++; 1544 cl = cl.getComponentType(); 1545 } 1546 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); 1547 sb.append(cl.getName()); 1548 for (int i = 0; i < dimensions; i++) { 1549 sb.append("[]"); 1550 } 1551 return sb.toString(); 1552 } catch (Throwable e) { /*FALLTHRU*/ } 1553 } 1554 return getName(); 1555 } 1556 1557 /** 1558 * Returns the canonical name of the underlying class as 1559 * defined by the Java Language Specification. Returns null if 1560 * the underlying class does not have a canonical name (i.e., if 1561 * it is a local or anonymous class or an array whose component 1562 * type does not have a canonical name). 1563 * @return the canonical name of the underlying class if it exists, and 1564 * {@code null} otherwise. 1565 * @since 1.5 1566 */ 1567 public String getCanonicalName() { 1568 if (isArray()) { 1569 String canonicalName = getComponentType().getCanonicalName(); 1570 if (canonicalName != null) 1571 return canonicalName + "[]"; 1572 else 1573 return null; 1574 } 1575 if (isLocalOrAnonymousClass()) 1576 return null; 1577 Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass(); 1578 if (enclosingClass == null) { // top level class 1579 return getName(); 1580 } else { 1581 String enclosingName = enclosingClass.getCanonicalName(); 1582 if (enclosingName == null) 1583 return null; 1584 return enclosingName + "." + getSimpleName(); 1585 } 1586 } 1587 1588 /** 1589 * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class 1590 * is an anonymous class. 1591 * 1592 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is an anonymous class. 1593 * @since 1.5 1594 */ 1595 public boolean isAnonymousClass() { 1596 return !isArray() && isLocalOrAnonymousClass() && 1597 getSimpleBinaryName0() == null; 1598 } 1599 1600 /** 1601 * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class 1602 * is a local class. 1603 * 1604 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a local class. 1605 * @since 1.5 1606 */ 1607 public boolean isLocalClass() { 1608 return isLocalOrAnonymousClass() && 1609 (isArray() || getSimpleBinaryName0() != null); 1610 } 1611 1612 /** 1613 * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class 1614 * is a member class. 1615 * 1616 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a member class. 1617 * @since 1.5 1618 */ 1619 public boolean isMemberClass() { 1620 return !isLocalOrAnonymousClass() && getDeclaringClass0() != null; 1621 } 1622 1623 /** 1624 * Returns the "simple binary name" of the underlying class, i.e., 1625 * the binary name without the leading enclosing class name. 1626 * Returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a top level 1627 * class. 1628 */ 1629 private String getSimpleBinaryName() { 1630 if (isTopLevelClass()) 1631 return null; 1632 String name = getSimpleBinaryName0(); 1633 if (name == null) // anonymous class 1634 return ""; 1635 return name; 1636 } 1637 1638 private native String getSimpleBinaryName0(); 1639 1640 /** 1641 * Returns {@code true} if this is a top level class. Returns {@code false} 1642 * otherwise. 1643 */ 1644 private boolean isTopLevelClass() { 1645 return !isLocalOrAnonymousClass() && getDeclaringClass0() == null; 1646 } 1647 1648 /** 1649 * Returns {@code true} if this is a local class or an anonymous 1650 * class. Returns {@code false} otherwise. 1651 */ 1652 private boolean isLocalOrAnonymousClass() { 1653 // JVM Spec 4.7.7: A class must have an EnclosingMethod 1654 // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an 1655 // anonymous class. 1656 return hasEnclosingMethodInfo(); 1657 } 1658 1659 private boolean hasEnclosingMethodInfo() { 1660 Object[] enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethod0(); 1661 if (enclosingInfo != null) { 1662 EnclosingMethodInfo.validate(enclosingInfo); 1663 return true; 1664 } 1665 return false; 1666 } 1667 1668 /** 1669 * Returns an array containing {@code Class} objects representing all 1670 * the public classes and interfaces that are members of the class 1671 * represented by this {@code Class} object. This includes public 1672 * class and interface members inherited from superclasses and public class 1673 * and interface members declared by the class. This method returns an 1674 * array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object has no public member 1675 * classes or interfaces. This method also returns an array of length 0 if 1676 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, an array 1677 * class, or void. 1678 * 1679 * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing the public 1680 * members of this class 1681 * @throws SecurityException 1682 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and 1683 * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 1684 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and 1685 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 1686 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 1687 * of this class. 1688 * 1689 * @since 1.1 1690 */ 1691 @CallerSensitive 1692 public Class<?>[] getClasses() { 1693 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 1694 if (sm != null) { 1695 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), false); 1696 } 1697 1698 // Privileged so this implementation can look at DECLARED classes, 1699 // something the caller might not have privilege to do. The code here 1700 // is allowed to look at DECLARED classes because (1) it does not hand 1701 // out anything other than public members and (2) public member access 1702 // has already been ok'd by the SecurityManager. 1703 1704 return java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged( 1705 new java.security.PrivilegedAction<>() { 1706 public Class<?>[] run() { 1707 List<Class<?>> list = new ArrayList<>(); 1708 Class<?> currentClass = Class.this; 1709 while (currentClass != null) { 1710 for (Class<?> m : currentClass.getDeclaredClasses()) { 1711 if (Modifier.isPublic(m.getModifiers())) { 1712 list.add(m); 1713 } 1714 } 1715 currentClass = currentClass.getSuperclass(); 1716 } 1717 return list.toArray(new Class<?>[0]); 1718 } 1719 }); 1720 } 1721 1722 1723 /** 1724 * Returns an array containing {@code Field} objects reflecting all 1725 * the accessible public fields of the class or interface represented by 1726 * this {@code Class} object. 1727 * 1728 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class or interface with 1729 * no accessible public fields, then this method returns an array of length 1730 * 0. 1731 * 1732 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class, then this method 1733 * returns the public fields of the class and of all its superclasses and 1734 * superinterfaces. 1735 * 1736 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an interface, then this 1737 * method returns the fields of the interface and of all its 1738 * superinterfaces. 1739 * 1740 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, a primitive 1741 * type, or void, then this method returns an array of length 0. 1742 * 1743 * <p> The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any 1744 * particular order. 1745 * 1746 * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing the 1747 * public fields 1748 * @throws SecurityException 1749 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and 1750 * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 1751 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and 1752 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 1753 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 1754 * of this class. 1755 * 1756 * @since 1.1 1757 * @jls 8.2 Class Members 1758 * @jls 8.3 Field Declarations 1759 */ 1760 @CallerSensitive 1761 public Field[] getFields() throws SecurityException { 1762 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 1763 if (sm != null) { 1764 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true); 1765 } 1766 return copyFields(privateGetPublicFields(null)); 1767 } 1768 1769 1770 /** 1771 * Returns an array containing {@code Method} objects reflecting all the 1772 * public methods of the class or interface represented by this {@code 1773 * Class} object, including those declared by the class or interface and 1774 * those inherited from superclasses and superinterfaces. 1775 * 1776 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, then the 1777 * returned array has a {@code Method} object for each of the public 1778 * methods inherited by the array type from {@code Object}. It does not 1779 * contain a {@code Method} object for {@code clone()}. 1780 * 1781 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an interface then the 1782 * returned array does not contain any implicitly declared methods from 1783 * {@code Object}. Therefore, if no methods are explicitly declared in 1784 * this interface or any of its superinterfaces then the returned array 1785 * has length 0. (Note that a {@code Class} object which represents a class 1786 * always has public methods, inherited from {@code Object}.) 1787 * 1788 * <p> The returned array never contains methods with names "{@code <init>}" 1789 * or "{@code <clinit>}". 1790 * 1791 * <p> The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any 1792 * particular order. 1793 * 1794 * <p> Generally, the result is computed as with the following 4 step algorithm. 1795 * Let C be the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} object: 1796 * <ol> 1797 * <li> A union of methods is composed of: 1798 * <ol type="a"> 1799 * <li> C's declared public instance and static methods as returned by 1800 * {@link #getDeclaredMethods()} and filtered to include only public 1801 * methods.</li> 1802 * <li> If C is a class other than {@code Object}, then include the result 1803 * of invoking this algorithm recursively on the superclass of C.</li> 1804 * <li> Include the results of invoking this algorithm recursively on all 1805 * direct superinterfaces of C, but include only instance methods.</li> 1806 * </ol></li> 1807 * <li> Union from step 1 is partitioned into subsets of methods with same 1808 * signature (name, parameter types) and return type.</li> 1809 * <li> Within each such subset only the most specific methods are selected. 1810 * Let method M be a method from a set of methods with same signature 1811 * and return type. M is most specific if there is no such method 1812 * N != M from the same set, such that N is more specific than M. 1813 * N is more specific than M if: 1814 * <ol type="a"> 1815 * <li> N is declared by a class and M is declared by an interface; or</li> 1816 * <li> N and M are both declared by classes or both by interfaces and 1817 * N's declaring type is the same as or a subtype of M's declaring type 1818 * (clearly, if M's and N's declaring types are the same type, then 1819 * M and N are the same method).</li> 1820 * </ol></li> 1821 * <li> The result of this algorithm is the union of all selected methods from 1822 * step 3.</li> 1823 * </ol> 1824 * 1825 * @apiNote There may be more than one method with a particular name 1826 * and parameter types in a class because while the Java language forbids a 1827 * class to declare multiple methods with the same signature but different 1828 * return types, the Java virtual machine does not. This 1829 * increased flexibility in the virtual machine can be used to 1830 * implement various language features. For example, covariant 1831 * returns can be implemented with {@linkplain 1832 * java.lang.reflect.Method#isBridge bridge methods}; the bridge 1833 * method and the overriding method would have the same 1834 * signature but different return types. 1835 * 1836 * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing the 1837 * public methods of this class 1838 * @throws SecurityException 1839 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and 1840 * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 1841 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and 1842 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 1843 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 1844 * of this class. 1845 * 1846 * @jls 8.2 Class Members 1847 * @jls 8.4 Method Declarations 1848 * @since 1.1 1849 */ 1850 @CallerSensitive 1851 public Method[] getMethods() throws SecurityException { 1852 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 1853 if (sm != null) { 1854 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true); 1855 } 1856 return copyMethods(privateGetPublicMethods()); 1857 } 1858 1859 1860 /** 1861 * Returns an array containing {@code Constructor} objects reflecting 1862 * all the public constructors of the class represented by this 1863 * {@code Class} object. An array of length 0 is returned if the 1864 * class has no public constructors, or if the class is an array class, or 1865 * if the class reflects a primitive type or void. 1866 * 1867 * Note that while this method returns an array of {@code 1868 * Constructor<T>} objects (that is an array of constructors from 1869 * this class), the return type of this method is {@code 1870 * Constructor<?>[]} and <em>not</em> {@code Constructor<T>[]} as 1871 * might be expected. This less informative return type is 1872 * necessary since after being returned from this method, the 1873 * array could be modified to hold {@code Constructor} objects for 1874 * different classes, which would violate the type guarantees of 1875 * {@code Constructor<T>[]}. 1876 * 1877 * @return the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing the 1878 * public constructors of this class 1879 * @throws SecurityException 1880 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and 1881 * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 1882 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and 1883 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 1884 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 1885 * of this class. 1886 * 1887 * @since 1.1 1888 */ 1889 @CallerSensitive 1890 public Constructor<?>[] getConstructors() throws SecurityException { 1891 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 1892 if (sm != null) { 1893 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true); 1894 } 1895 return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(true)); 1896 } 1897 1898 1899 /** 1900 * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified public member 1901 * field of the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} 1902 * object. The {@code name} parameter is a {@code String} specifying the 1903 * simple name of the desired field. 1904 * 1905 * <p> The field to be reflected is determined by the algorithm that 1906 * follows. Let C be the class or interface represented by this object: 1907 * 1908 * <OL> 1909 * <LI> If C declares a public field with the name specified, that is the 1910 * field to be reflected.</LI> 1911 * <LI> If no field was found in step 1 above, this algorithm is applied 1912 * recursively to each direct superinterface of C. The direct 1913 * superinterfaces are searched in the order they were declared.</LI> 1914 * <LI> If no field was found in steps 1 and 2 above, and C has a 1915 * superclass S, then this algorithm is invoked recursively upon S. 1916 * If C has no superclass, then a {@code NoSuchFieldException} 1917 * is thrown.</LI> 1918 * </OL> 1919 * 1920 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, then this 1921 * method does not find the {@code length} field of the array type. 1922 * 1923 * @param name the field name 1924 * @return the {@code Field} object of this class specified by 1925 * {@code name} 1926 * @throws NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is 1927 * not found. 1928 * @throws NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null} 1929 * @throws SecurityException 1930 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and 1931 * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 1932 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and 1933 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 1934 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 1935 * of this class. 1936 * 1937 * @since 1.1 1938 * @jls 8.2 Class Members 1939 * @jls 8.3 Field Declarations 1940 */ 1941 @CallerSensitive 1942 public Field getField(String name) 1943 throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException { 1944 Objects.requireNonNull(name); 1945 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 1946 if (sm != null) { 1947 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true); 1948 } 1949 Field field = getField0(name); 1950 if (field == null) { 1951 throw new NoSuchFieldException(name); 1952 } 1953 return getReflectionFactory().copyField(field); 1954 } 1955 1956 1957 /** 1958 * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified public 1959 * member method of the class or interface represented by this 1960 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a 1961 * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired method. The 1962 * {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of {@code Class} 1963 * objects that identify the method's formal parameter types, in declared 1964 * order. If {@code parameterTypes} is {@code null}, it is 1965 * treated as if it were an empty array. 1966 * 1967 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, then this 1968 * method finds any public method inherited by the array type from 1969 * {@code Object} except method {@code clone()}. 1970 * 1971 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an interface then this 1972 * method does not find any implicitly declared method from 1973 * {@code Object}. Therefore, if no methods are explicitly declared in 1974 * this interface or any of its superinterfaces, then this method does not 1975 * find any method. 1976 * 1977 * <p> This method does not find any method with name "{@code <init>}" or 1978 * "{@code <clinit>}". 1979 * 1980 * <p> Generally, the method to be reflected is determined by the 4 step 1981 * algorithm that follows. 1982 * Let C be the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} object: 1983 * <ol> 1984 * <li> A union of methods is composed of: 1985 * <ol type="a"> 1986 * <li> C's declared public instance and static methods as returned by 1987 * {@link #getDeclaredMethods()} and filtered to include only public 1988 * methods that match given {@code name} and {@code parameterTypes}</li> 1989 * <li> If C is a class other than {@code Object}, then include the result 1990 * of invoking this algorithm recursively on the superclass of C.</li> 1991 * <li> Include the results of invoking this algorithm recursively on all 1992 * direct superinterfaces of C, but include only instance methods.</li> 1993 * </ol></li> 1994 * <li> This union is partitioned into subsets of methods with same 1995 * return type (the selection of methods from step 1 also guarantees that 1996 * they have the same method name and parameter types).</li> 1997 * <li> Within each such subset only the most specific methods are selected. 1998 * Let method M be a method from a set of methods with same VM 1999 * signature (return type, name, parameter types). 2000 * M is most specific if there is no such method N != M from the same 2001 * set, such that N is more specific than M. N is more specific than M 2002 * if: 2003 * <ol type="a"> 2004 * <li> N is declared by a class and M is declared by an interface; or</li> 2005 * <li> N and M are both declared by classes or both by interfaces and 2006 * N's declaring type is the same as or a subtype of M's declaring type 2007 * (clearly, if M's and N's declaring types are the same type, then 2008 * M and N are the same method).</li> 2009 * </ol></li> 2010 * <li> The result of this algorithm is chosen arbitrarily from the methods 2011 * with most specific return type among all selected methods from step 3. 2012 * Let R be a return type of a method M from the set of all selected methods 2013 * from step 3. M is a method with most specific return type if there is 2014 * no such method N != M from the same set, having return type S != R, 2015 * such that S is a subtype of R as determined by 2016 * R.class.{@link #isAssignableFrom}(S.class). 2017 * </ol> 2018 * 2019 * @apiNote There may be more than one method with matching name and 2020 * parameter types in a class because while the Java language forbids a 2021 * class to declare multiple methods with the same signature but different 2022 * return types, the Java virtual machine does not. This 2023 * increased flexibility in the virtual machine can be used to 2024 * implement various language features. For example, covariant 2025 * returns can be implemented with {@linkplain 2026 * java.lang.reflect.Method#isBridge bridge methods}; the bridge 2027 * method and the overriding method would have the same 2028 * signature but different return types. This method would return the 2029 * overriding method as it would have a more specific return type. 2030 * 2031 * @param name the name of the method 2032 * @param parameterTypes the list of parameters 2033 * @return the {@code Method} object that matches the specified 2034 * {@code name} and {@code parameterTypes} 2035 * @throws NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found 2036 * or if the name is "<init>"or "<clinit>". 2037 * @throws NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null} 2038 * @throws SecurityException 2039 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and 2040 * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 2041 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and 2042 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 2043 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 2044 * of this class. 2045 * 2046 * @jls 8.2 Class Members 2047 * @jls 8.4 Method Declarations 2048 * @since 1.1 2049 */ 2050 @CallerSensitive 2051 public Method getMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes) 2052 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException { 2053 Objects.requireNonNull(name); 2054 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 2055 if (sm != null) { 2056 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true); 2057 } 2058 Method method = getMethod0(name, parameterTypes); 2059 if (method == null) { 2060 throw new NoSuchMethodException(methodToString(name, parameterTypes)); 2061 } 2062 return getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(method); 2063 } 2064 2065 /** 2066 * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified public 2067 * member method of the class or interface represented by this 2068 * {@code Class} object. 2069 * 2070 * @param name the name of the method 2071 * @param parameterTypes the list of parameters 2072 * @return the {@code Method} object that matches the specified 2073 * {@code name} and {@code parameterTypes}; {@code null} 2074 * if the method is not found or the name is 2075 * "<init>"or "<clinit>". 2076 */ 2077 Method getMethodOrNull(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes) { 2078 Objects.requireNonNull(name); 2079 Method method = getMethod0(name, parameterTypes); 2080 return method == null ? null : getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(method); 2081 } 2082 2083 2084 /** 2085 * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified 2086 * public constructor of the class represented by this {@code Class} 2087 * object. The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of 2088 * {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's formal 2089 * parameter types, in declared order. 2090 * 2091 * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class 2092 * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types 2093 * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter. 2094 * 2095 * <p> The constructor to reflect is the public constructor of the class 2096 * represented by this {@code Class} object whose formal parameter 2097 * types match those specified by {@code parameterTypes}. 2098 * 2099 * @param parameterTypes the parameter array 2100 * @return the {@code Constructor} object of the public constructor that 2101 * matches the specified {@code parameterTypes} 2102 * @throws NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found. 2103 * @throws SecurityException 2104 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and 2105 * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 2106 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and 2107 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 2108 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 2109 * of this class. 2110 * 2111 * @since 1.1 2112 */ 2113 @CallerSensitive 2114 public Constructor<T> getConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes) 2115 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException 2116 { 2117 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 2118 if (sm != null) { 2119 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true); 2120 } 2121 return getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor( 2122 getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.PUBLIC)); 2123 } 2124 2125 2126 /** 2127 * Returns an array of {@code Class} objects reflecting all the 2128 * classes and interfaces declared as members of the class represented by 2129 * this {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default 2130 * (package) access, and private classes and interfaces declared by the 2131 * class, but excludes inherited classes and interfaces. This method 2132 * returns an array of length 0 if the class declares no classes or 2133 * interfaces as members, or if this {@code Class} object represents a 2134 * primitive type, an array class, or void. 2135 * 2136 * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing all the 2137 * declared members of this class 2138 * @throws SecurityException 2139 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the 2140 * following conditions is met: 2141 * 2142 * <ul> 2143 * 2144 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the 2145 * class loader of this class and invocation of 2146 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission 2147 * s.checkPermission} method with 2148 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")} 2149 * denies access to the declared classes within this class 2150 * 2151 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 2152 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and 2153 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 2154 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 2155 * of this class 2156 * 2157 * </ul> 2158 * 2159 * @since 1.1 2160 */ 2161 @CallerSensitive 2162 public Class<?>[] getDeclaredClasses() throws SecurityException { 2163 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 2164 if (sm != null) { 2165 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), false); 2166 } 2167 return getDeclaredClasses0(); 2168 } 2169 2170 2171 /** 2172 * Returns an array of {@code Field} objects reflecting all the fields 2173 * declared by the class or interface represented by this 2174 * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default 2175 * (package) access, and private fields, but excludes inherited fields. 2176 * 2177 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class or interface with no 2178 * declared fields, then this method returns an array of length 0. 2179 * 2180 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, a primitive 2181 * type, or void, then this method returns an array of length 0. 2182 * 2183 * <p> The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any 2184 * particular order. 2185 * 2186 * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing all the 2187 * declared fields of this class 2188 * @throws SecurityException 2189 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the 2190 * following conditions is met: 2191 * 2192 * <ul> 2193 * 2194 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the 2195 * class loader of this class and invocation of 2196 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission 2197 * s.checkPermission} method with 2198 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")} 2199 * denies access to the declared fields within this class 2200 * 2201 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 2202 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and 2203 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 2204 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 2205 * of this class 2206 * 2207 * </ul> 2208 * 2209 * @since 1.1 2210 * @jls 8.2 Class Members 2211 * @jls 8.3 Field Declarations 2212 */ 2213 @CallerSensitive 2214 public Field[] getDeclaredFields() throws SecurityException { 2215 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 2216 if (sm != null) { 2217 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true); 2218 } 2219 return copyFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false)); 2220 } 2221 2222 2223 /** 2224 * 2225 * Returns an array containing {@code Method} objects reflecting all the 2226 * declared methods of the class or interface represented by this {@code 2227 * Class} object, including public, protected, default (package) 2228 * access, and private methods, but excluding inherited methods. 2229 * 2230 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a type that has multiple 2231 * declared methods with the same name and parameter types, but different 2232 * return types, then the returned array has a {@code Method} object for 2233 * each such method. 2234 * 2235 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a type that has a class 2236 * initialization method {@code <clinit>}, then the returned array does 2237 * <em>not</em> have a corresponding {@code Method} object. 2238 * 2239 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class or interface with no 2240 * declared methods, then the returned array has length 0. 2241 * 2242 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, a primitive 2243 * type, or void, then the returned array has length 0. 2244 * 2245 * <p> The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any 2246 * particular order. 2247 * 2248 * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing all the 2249 * declared methods of this class 2250 * @throws SecurityException 2251 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the 2252 * following conditions is met: 2253 * 2254 * <ul> 2255 * 2256 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the 2257 * class loader of this class and invocation of 2258 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission 2259 * s.checkPermission} method with 2260 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")} 2261 * denies access to the declared methods within this class 2262 * 2263 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 2264 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and 2265 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 2266 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 2267 * of this class 2268 * 2269 * </ul> 2270 * 2271 * @jls 8.2 Class Members 2272 * @jls 8.4 Method Declarations 2273 * @since 1.1 2274 */ 2275 @CallerSensitive 2276 public Method[] getDeclaredMethods() throws SecurityException { 2277 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 2278 if (sm != null) { 2279 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true); 2280 } 2281 return copyMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false)); 2282 } 2283 2284 2285 /** 2286 * Returns an array of {@code Constructor} objects reflecting all the 2287 * constructors declared by the class represented by this 2288 * {@code Class} object. These are public, protected, default 2289 * (package) access, and private constructors. The elements in the array 2290 * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order. If the 2291 * class has a default constructor, it is included in the returned array. 2292 * This method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class} 2293 * object represents an interface, a primitive type, an array class, or 2294 * void. 2295 * 2296 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2. 2297 * 2298 * @return the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing all the 2299 * declared constructors of this class 2300 * @throws SecurityException 2301 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the 2302 * following conditions is met: 2303 * 2304 * <ul> 2305 * 2306 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the 2307 * class loader of this class and invocation of 2308 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission 2309 * s.checkPermission} method with 2310 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")} 2311 * denies access to the declared constructors within this class 2312 * 2313 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 2314 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and 2315 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 2316 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 2317 * of this class 2318 * 2319 * </ul> 2320 * 2321 * @since 1.1 2322 */ 2323 @CallerSensitive 2324 public Constructor<?>[] getDeclaredConstructors() throws SecurityException { 2325 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 2326 if (sm != null) { 2327 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true); 2328 } 2329 return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(false)); 2330 } 2331 2332 2333 /** 2334 * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified declared 2335 * field of the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} 2336 * object. The {@code name} parameter is a {@code String} that specifies 2337 * the simple name of the desired field. 2338 * 2339 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, then this 2340 * method does not find the {@code length} field of the array type. 2341 * 2342 * @param name the name of the field 2343 * @return the {@code Field} object for the specified field in this 2344 * class 2345 * @throws NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is 2346 * not found. 2347 * @throws NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null} 2348 * @throws SecurityException 2349 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the 2350 * following conditions is met: 2351 * 2352 * <ul> 2353 * 2354 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the 2355 * class loader of this class and invocation of 2356 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission 2357 * s.checkPermission} method with 2358 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")} 2359 * denies access to the declared field 2360 * 2361 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 2362 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and 2363 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 2364 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 2365 * of this class 2366 * 2367 * </ul> 2368 * 2369 * @since 1.1 2370 * @jls 8.2 Class Members 2371 * @jls 8.3 Field Declarations 2372 */ 2373 @CallerSensitive 2374 public Field getDeclaredField(String name) 2375 throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException { 2376 Objects.requireNonNull(name); 2377 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 2378 if (sm != null) { 2379 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true); 2380 } 2381 Field field = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false), name); 2382 if (field == null) { 2383 throw new NoSuchFieldException(name); 2384 } 2385 return getReflectionFactory().copyField(field); 2386 } 2387 2388 2389 /** 2390 * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified 2391 * declared method of the class or interface represented by this 2392 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a 2393 * {@code String} that specifies the simple name of the desired 2394 * method, and the {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of 2395 * {@code Class} objects that identify the method's formal parameter 2396 * types, in declared order. If more than one method with the same 2397 * parameter types is declared in a class, and one of these methods has a 2398 * return type that is more specific than any of the others, that method is 2399 * returned; otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily. If the 2400 * name is "<init>"or "<clinit>" a {@code NoSuchMethodException} 2401 * is raised. 2402 * 2403 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, then this 2404 * method does not find the {@code clone()} method. 2405 * 2406 * @param name the name of the method 2407 * @param parameterTypes the parameter array 2408 * @return the {@code Method} object for the method of this class 2409 * matching the specified name and parameters 2410 * @throws NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found. 2411 * @throws NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null} 2412 * @throws SecurityException 2413 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the 2414 * following conditions is met: 2415 * 2416 * <ul> 2417 * 2418 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the 2419 * class loader of this class and invocation of 2420 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission 2421 * s.checkPermission} method with 2422 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")} 2423 * denies access to the declared method 2424 * 2425 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 2426 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and 2427 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 2428 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 2429 * of this class 2430 * 2431 * </ul> 2432 * 2433 * @jls 8.2 Class Members 2434 * @jls 8.4 Method Declarations 2435 * @since 1.1 2436 */ 2437 @CallerSensitive 2438 public Method getDeclaredMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes) 2439 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException { 2440 Objects.requireNonNull(name); 2441 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 2442 if (sm != null) { 2443 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true); 2444 } 2445 Method method = searchMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false), name, parameterTypes); 2446 if (method == null) { 2447 throw new NoSuchMethodException(methodToString(name, parameterTypes)); 2448 } 2449 return getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(method); 2450 } 2451 2452 2453 /** 2454 * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified 2455 * constructor of the class or interface represented by this 2456 * {@code Class} object. The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is 2457 * an array of {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's 2458 * formal parameter types, in declared order. 2459 * 2460 * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class 2461 * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types 2462 * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter. 2463 * 2464 * @param parameterTypes the parameter array 2465 * @return The {@code Constructor} object for the constructor with the 2466 * specified parameter list 2467 * @throws NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found. 2468 * @throws SecurityException 2469 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the 2470 * following conditions is met: 2471 * 2472 * <ul> 2473 * 2474 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the 2475 * class loader of this class and invocation of 2476 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission 2477 * s.checkPermission} method with 2478 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")} 2479 * denies access to the declared constructor 2480 * 2481 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an 2482 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and 2483 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess 2484 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package 2485 * of this class 2486 * 2487 * </ul> 2488 * 2489 * @since 1.1 2490 */ 2491 @CallerSensitive 2492 public Constructor<T> getDeclaredConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes) 2493 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException 2494 { 2495 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 2496 if (sm != null) { 2497 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true); 2498 } 2499 2500 return getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor( 2501 getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.DECLARED)); 2502 } 2503 2504 /** 2505 * Finds a resource with a given name. 2506 * 2507 * <p> If this class is in a named {@link Module Module} then this method 2508 * will attempt to find the resource in the module. This is done by 2509 * delegating to the module's class loader {@link 2510 * ClassLoader#findResource(String,String) findResource(String,String)} 2511 * method, invoking it with the module name and the absolute name of the 2512 * resource. Resources in named modules are subject to the rules for 2513 * encapsulation specified in the {@code Module} {@link 2514 * Module#getResourceAsStream getResourceAsStream} method and so this 2515 * method returns {@code null} when the resource is a 2516 * non-"{@code .class}" resource in a package that is not open to the 2517 * caller's module. 2518 * 2519 * <p> Otherwise, if this class is not in a named module then the rules for 2520 * searching resources associated with a given class are implemented by the 2521 * defining {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class. This method 2522 * delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by 2523 * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link 2524 * ClassLoader#getSystemResourceAsStream}. 2525 * 2526 * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the 2527 * given resource name using this algorithm: 2528 * 2529 * <ul> 2530 * 2531 * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'} 2532 * (<code>'\u002f'</code>), then the absolute name of the resource is the 2533 * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}. 2534 * 2535 * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form: 2536 * 2537 * <blockquote> 2538 * {@code modified_package_name/name} 2539 * </blockquote> 2540 * 2541 * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this 2542 * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'} 2543 * (<code>'\u002e'</code>). 2544 * 2545 * </ul> 2546 * 2547 * @param name name of the desired resource 2548 * @return A {@link java.io.InputStream} object; {@code null} if no 2549 * resource with this name is found, the resource is in a package 2550 * that is not {@link Module#isOpen(String, Module) open} to at 2551 * least the caller module, or access to the resource is denied 2552 * by the security manager. 2553 * @throws NullPointerException If {@code name} is {@code null} 2554 * 2555 * @see Module#getResourceAsStream(String) 2556 * @since 1.1 2557 * @revised 9 2558 * @spec JPMS 2559 */ 2560 @CallerSensitive 2561 public InputStream getResourceAsStream(String name) { 2562 name = resolveName(name); 2563 2564 Module module = getModule(); 2565 if (module.isNamed()) { 2566 if (!ResourceHelper.isSimpleResource(name)) { 2567 Module caller = Reflection.getCallerClass().getModule(); 2568 if (caller != module) { 2569 Set<String> packages = module.getDescriptor().packages(); 2570 String pn = ResourceHelper.getPackageName(name); 2571 if (packages.contains(pn) && !module.isOpen(pn, caller)) { 2572 // resource is in package not open to caller 2573 return null; 2574 } 2575 } 2576 } 2577 2578 String mn = module.getName(); 2579 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0(); 2580 try { 2581 2582 // special-case built-in class loaders to avoid the 2583 // need for a URL connection 2584 if (cl == null) { 2585 return BootLoader.findResourceAsStream(mn, name); 2586 } else if (cl instanceof BuiltinClassLoader) { 2587 return ((BuiltinClassLoader) cl).findResourceAsStream(mn, name); 2588 } else { 2589 URL url = cl.findResource(mn, name); 2590 return (url != null) ? url.openStream() : null; 2591 } 2592 2593 } catch (IOException | SecurityException e) { 2594 return null; 2595 } 2596 } 2597 2598 // unnamed module 2599 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0(); 2600 if (cl == null) { 2601 return ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(name); 2602 } else { 2603 return cl.getResourceAsStream(name); 2604 } 2605 } 2606 2607 /** 2608 * Finds a resource with a given name. 2609 * 2610 * <p> If this class is in a named {@link Module Module} then this method 2611 * will attempt to find the resource in the module. This is done by 2612 * delegating to the module's class loader {@link 2613 * ClassLoader#findResource(String,String) findResource(String,String)} 2614 * method, invoking it with the module name and the absolute name of the 2615 * resource. Resources in named modules are subject to the rules for 2616 * encapsulation specified in the {@code Module} {@link 2617 * Module#getResourceAsStream getResourceAsStream} method and so this 2618 * method returns {@code null} when the resource is a 2619 * non-"{@code .class}" resource in a package that is not open to the 2620 * caller's module. 2621 * 2622 * <p> Otherwise, if this class is not in a named module then the rules for 2623 * searching resources associated with a given class are implemented by the 2624 * defining {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class. This method 2625 * delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by 2626 * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link 2627 * ClassLoader#getSystemResource}. 2628 * 2629 * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the 2630 * given resource name using this algorithm: 2631 * 2632 * <ul> 2633 * 2634 * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'} 2635 * (<code>'\u002f'</code>), then the absolute name of the resource is the 2636 * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}. 2637 * 2638 * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form: 2639 * 2640 * <blockquote> 2641 * {@code modified_package_name/name} 2642 * </blockquote> 2643 * 2644 * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this 2645 * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'} 2646 * (<code>'\u002e'</code>). 2647 * 2648 * </ul> 2649 * 2650 * @param name name of the desired resource 2651 * @return A {@link java.net.URL} object; {@code null} if no resource with 2652 * this name is found, the resource cannot be located by a URL, the 2653 * resource is in a package that is not 2654 * {@link Module#isOpen(String, Module) open} to at least the caller 2655 * module, or access to the resource is denied by the security 2656 * manager. 2657 * @throws NullPointerException If {@code name} is {@code null} 2658 * @since 1.1 2659 * @revised 9 2660 * @spec JPMS 2661 */ 2662 @CallerSensitive 2663 public URL getResource(String name) { 2664 name = resolveName(name); 2665 2666 Module module = getModule(); 2667 if (module.isNamed()) { 2668 if (!ResourceHelper.isSimpleResource(name)) { 2669 Module caller = Reflection.getCallerClass().getModule(); 2670 if (caller != module) { 2671 Set<String> packages = module.getDescriptor().packages(); 2672 String pn = ResourceHelper.getPackageName(name); 2673 if (packages.contains(pn) && !module.isOpen(pn, caller)) { 2674 // resource is in package not open to caller 2675 return null; 2676 } 2677 } 2678 } 2679 String mn = getModule().getName(); 2680 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0(); 2681 try { 2682 if (cl == null) { 2683 return BootLoader.findResource(mn, name); 2684 } else { 2685 return cl.findResource(mn, name); 2686 } 2687 } catch (IOException ioe) { 2688 return null; 2689 } 2690 } 2691 2692 // unnamed module 2693 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0(); 2694 if (cl == null) { 2695 return ClassLoader.getSystemResource(name); 2696 } else { 2697 return cl.getResource(name); 2698 } 2699 } 2700 2701 /** protection domain returned when the internal domain is null */ 2702 private static java.security.ProtectionDomain allPermDomain; 2703 2704 2705 /** 2706 * Returns the {@code ProtectionDomain} of this class. If there is a 2707 * security manager installed, this method first calls the security 2708 * manager's {@code checkPermission} method with a 2709 * {@code RuntimePermission("getProtectionDomain")} permission to 2710 * ensure it's ok to get the 2711 * {@code ProtectionDomain}. 2712 * 2713 * @return the ProtectionDomain of this class 2714 * 2715 * @throws SecurityException 2716 * if a security manager exists and its 2717 * {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow 2718 * getting the ProtectionDomain. 2719 * 2720 * @see java.security.ProtectionDomain 2721 * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission 2722 * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission 2723 * @since 1.2 2724 */ 2725 public java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain() { 2726 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager(); 2727 if (sm != null) { 2728 sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_PD_PERMISSION); 2729 } 2730 java.security.ProtectionDomain pd = getProtectionDomain0(); 2731 if (pd == null) { 2732 if (allPermDomain == null) { 2733 java.security.Permissions perms = 2734 new java.security.Permissions(); 2735 perms.add(SecurityConstants.ALL_PERMISSION); 2736 allPermDomain = 2737 new java.security.ProtectionDomain(null, perms); 2738 } 2739 pd = allPermDomain; 2740 } 2741 return pd; 2742 } 2743 2744 2745 /** 2746 * Returns the ProtectionDomain of this class. 2747 */ 2748 private native java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain0(); 2749 2750 /* 2751 * Return the Virtual Machine's Class object for the named 2752 * primitive type. 2753 */ 2754 static native Class<?> getPrimitiveClass(String name); 2755 2756 /* 2757 * Check if client is allowed to access members. If access is denied, 2758 * throw a SecurityException. 2759 * 2760 * This method also enforces package access. 2761 * 2762 * <p> Default policy: allow all clients access with normal Java access 2763 * control. 2764 * 2765 * <p> NOTE: should only be called if a SecurityManager is installed 2766 */ 2767 private void checkMemberAccess(SecurityManager sm, int which, 2768 Class<?> caller, boolean checkProxyInterfaces) { 2769 /* Default policy allows access to all {@link Member#PUBLIC} members, 2770 * as well as access to classes that have the same class loader as the caller. 2771 * In all other cases, it requires RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers") 2772 * permission. 2773 */ 2774 final ClassLoader ccl = caller.getClassLoader0(); 2775 if (which != Member.PUBLIC) { 2776 final ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0(); 2777 if (ccl != cl) { 2778 sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.CHECK_MEMBER_ACCESS_PERMISSION); 2779 } 2780 } 2781 this.checkPackageAccess(sm, ccl, checkProxyInterfaces); 2782 } 2783 2784 /* 2785 * Checks if a client loaded in ClassLoader ccl is allowed to access this 2786 * class under the current package access policy. If access is denied, 2787 * throw a SecurityException. 2788 * 2789 * NOTE: this method should only be called if a SecurityManager is active 2790 */ 2791 private void checkPackageAccess(SecurityManager sm, final ClassLoader ccl, 2792 boolean checkProxyInterfaces) { 2793 final ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0(); 2794 2795 if (ReflectUtil.needsPackageAccessCheck(ccl, cl)) { 2796 String pkg = this.getPackageName(); 2797 if (pkg != null && !pkg.isEmpty()) { 2798 // skip the package access check on a proxy class in default proxy package 2799 if (!Proxy.isProxyClass(this) || ReflectUtil.isNonPublicProxyClass(this)) { 2800 sm.checkPackageAccess(pkg); 2801 } 2802 } 2803 } 2804 // check package access on the proxy interfaces 2805 if (checkProxyInterfaces && Proxy.isProxyClass(this)) { 2806 ReflectUtil.checkProxyPackageAccess(ccl, this.getInterfaces()); 2807 } 2808 } 2809 2810 /** 2811 * Add a package name prefix if the name is not absolute Remove leading "/" 2812 * if name is absolute 2813 */ 2814 private String resolveName(String name) { 2815 if (!name.startsWith("/")) { 2816 Class<?> c = this; 2817 while (c.isArray()) { 2818 c = c.getComponentType(); 2819 } 2820 String baseName = c.getPackageName(); 2821 if (baseName != null && !baseName.isEmpty()) { 2822 name = baseName.replace('.', '/') + "/" + name; 2823 } 2824 } else { 2825 name = name.substring(1); 2826 } 2827 return name; 2828 } 2829 2830 /** 2831 * Atomic operations support. 2832 */ 2833 private static class Atomic { 2834 // initialize Unsafe machinery here, since we need to call Class.class instance method 2835 // and have to avoid calling it in the static initializer of the Class class... 2836 private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); 2837 // offset of Class.reflectionData instance field 2838 private static final long reflectionDataOffset; 2839 // offset of Class.annotationType instance field 2840 private static final long annotationTypeOffset; 2841 // offset of Class.annotationData instance field 2842 private static final long annotationDataOffset; 2843 2844 static { 2845 Field[] fields = Class.class.getDeclaredFields0(false); // bypass caches 2846 reflectionDataOffset = objectFieldOffset(fields, "reflectionData"); 2847 annotationTypeOffset = objectFieldOffset(fields, "annotationType"); 2848 annotationDataOffset = objectFieldOffset(fields, "annotationData"); 2849 } 2850 2851 private static long objectFieldOffset(Field[] fields, String fieldName) { 2852 Field field = searchFields(fields, fieldName); 2853 if (field == null) { 2854 throw new Error("No " + fieldName + " field found in java.lang.Class"); 2855 } 2856 return unsafe.objectFieldOffset(field); 2857 } 2858 2859 static <T> boolean casReflectionData(Class<?> clazz, 2860 SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> oldData, 2861 SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> newData) { 2862 return unsafe.compareAndSwapObject(clazz, reflectionDataOffset, oldData, newData); 2863 } 2864 2865 static <T> boolean casAnnotationType(Class<?> clazz, 2866 AnnotationType oldType, 2867 AnnotationType newType) { 2868 return unsafe.compareAndSwapObject(clazz, annotationTypeOffset, oldType, newType); 2869 } 2870 2871 static <T> boolean casAnnotationData(Class<?> clazz, 2872 AnnotationData oldData, 2873 AnnotationData newData) { 2874 return unsafe.compareAndSwapObject(clazz, annotationDataOffset, oldData, newData); 2875 } 2876 } 2877 2878 /** 2879 * Reflection support. 2880 */ 2881 2882 // reflection data that might get invalidated when JVM TI RedefineClasses() is called 2883 private static class ReflectionData<T> { 2884 volatile Field[] declaredFields; 2885 volatile Field[] publicFields; 2886 volatile Method[] declaredMethods; 2887 volatile Method[] publicMethods; 2888 volatile Constructor<T>[] declaredConstructors; 2889 volatile Constructor<T>[] publicConstructors; 2890 // Intermediate results for getFields and getMethods 2891 volatile Field[] declaredPublicFields; 2892 volatile Method[] declaredPublicMethods; 2893 volatile Class<?>[] interfaces; 2894 2895 // Value of classRedefinedCount when we created this ReflectionData instance 2896 final int redefinedCount; 2897 2898 ReflectionData(int redefinedCount) { 2899 this.redefinedCount = redefinedCount; 2900 } 2901 } 2902 2903 private transient volatile SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> reflectionData; 2904 2905 // Incremented by the VM on each call to JVM TI RedefineClasses() 2906 // that redefines this class or a superclass. 2907 private transient volatile int classRedefinedCount; 2908 2909 // Lazily create and cache ReflectionData 2910 private ReflectionData<T> reflectionData() { 2911 SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> reflectionData = this.reflectionData; 2912 int classRedefinedCount = this.classRedefinedCount; 2913 ReflectionData<T> rd; 2914 if (reflectionData != null && 2915 (rd = reflectionData.get()) != null && 2916 rd.redefinedCount == classRedefinedCount) { 2917 return rd; 2918 } 2919 // else no SoftReference or cleared SoftReference or stale ReflectionData 2920 // -> create and replace new instance 2921 return newReflectionData(reflectionData, classRedefinedCount); 2922 } 2923 2924 private ReflectionData<T> newReflectionData(SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> oldReflectionData, 2925 int classRedefinedCount) { 2926 while (true) { 2927 ReflectionData<T> rd = new ReflectionData<>(classRedefinedCount); 2928 // try to CAS it... 2929 if (Atomic.casReflectionData(this, oldReflectionData, new SoftReference<>(rd))) { 2930 return rd; 2931 } 2932 // else retry 2933 oldReflectionData = this.reflectionData; 2934 classRedefinedCount = this.classRedefinedCount; 2935 if (oldReflectionData != null && 2936 (rd = oldReflectionData.get()) != null && 2937 rd.redefinedCount == classRedefinedCount) { 2938 return rd; 2939 } 2940 } 2941 } 2942 2943 // Generic signature handling 2944 private native String getGenericSignature0(); 2945 2946 // Generic info repository; lazily initialized 2947 private transient volatile ClassRepository genericInfo; 2948 2949 // accessor for factory 2950 private GenericsFactory getFactory() { 2951 // create scope and factory 2952 return CoreReflectionFactory.make(this, ClassScope.make(this)); 2953 } 2954 2955 // accessor for generic info repository; 2956 // generic info is lazily initialized 2957 private ClassRepository getGenericInfo() { 2958 ClassRepository genericInfo = this.genericInfo; 2959 if (genericInfo == null) { 2960 String signature = getGenericSignature0(); 2961 if (signature == null) { 2962 genericInfo = ClassRepository.NONE; 2963 } else { 2964 genericInfo = ClassRepository.make(signature, getFactory()); 2965 } 2966 this.genericInfo = genericInfo; 2967 } 2968 return (genericInfo != ClassRepository.NONE) ? genericInfo : null; 2969 } 2970 2971 // Annotations handling 2972 native byte[] getRawAnnotations(); 2973 // Since 1.8 2974 native byte[] getRawTypeAnnotations(); 2975 static byte[] getExecutableTypeAnnotationBytes(Executable ex) { 2976 return getReflectionFactory().getExecutableTypeAnnotationBytes(ex); 2977 } 2978 2979 native ConstantPool getConstantPool(); 2980 2981 // 2982 // 2983 // java.lang.reflect.Field handling 2984 // 2985 // 2986 2987 // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT 2988 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied 2989 // via ReflectionFactory.copyField. 2990 private Field[] privateGetDeclaredFields(boolean publicOnly) { 2991 Field[] res; 2992 ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData(); 2993 if (rd != null) { 2994 res = publicOnly ? rd.declaredPublicFields : rd.declaredFields; 2995 if (res != null) return res; 2996 } 2997 // No cached value available; request value from VM 2998 res = Reflection.filterFields(this, getDeclaredFields0(publicOnly)); 2999 if (rd != null) { 3000 if (publicOnly) { 3001 rd.declaredPublicFields = res; 3002 } else { 3003 rd.declaredFields = res; 3004 } 3005 } 3006 return res; 3007 } 3008 3009 // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT 3010 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied 3011 // via ReflectionFactory.copyField. 3012 private Field[] privateGetPublicFields(Set<Class<?>> traversedInterfaces) { 3013 Field[] res; 3014 ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData(); 3015 if (rd != null) { 3016 res = rd.publicFields; 3017 if (res != null) return res; 3018 } 3019 3020 // No cached value available; compute value recursively. 3021 // Traverse in correct order for getField(). 3022 List<Field> fields = new ArrayList<>(); 3023 if (traversedInterfaces == null) { 3024 traversedInterfaces = new HashSet<>(); 3025 } 3026 3027 // Local fields 3028 Field[] tmp = privateGetDeclaredFields(true); 3029 addAll(fields, tmp); 3030 3031 // Direct superinterfaces, recursively 3032 for (Class<?> c : getInterfaces()) { 3033 if (!traversedInterfaces.contains(c)) { 3034 traversedInterfaces.add(c); 3035 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces)); 3036 } 3037 } 3038 3039 // Direct superclass, recursively 3040 if (!isInterface()) { 3041 Class<?> c = getSuperclass(); 3042 if (c != null) { 3043 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces)); 3044 } 3045 } 3046 3047 res = new Field[fields.size()]; 3048 fields.toArray(res); 3049 if (rd != null) { 3050 rd.publicFields = res; 3051 } 3052 return res; 3053 } 3054 3055 private static void addAll(Collection<Field> c, Field[] o) { 3056 for (Field f : o) { 3057 c.add(f); 3058 } 3059 } 3060 3061 3062 // 3063 // 3064 // java.lang.reflect.Constructor handling 3065 // 3066 // 3067 3068 // Returns an array of "root" constructors. These Constructor 3069 // objects must NOT be propagated to the outside world, but must 3070 // instead be copied via ReflectionFactory.copyConstructor. 3071 private Constructor<T>[] privateGetDeclaredConstructors(boolean publicOnly) { 3072 Constructor<T>[] res; 3073 ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData(); 3074 if (rd != null) { 3075 res = publicOnly ? rd.publicConstructors : rd.declaredConstructors; 3076 if (res != null) return res; 3077 } 3078 // No cached value available; request value from VM 3079 if (isInterface()) { 3080 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 3081 Constructor<T>[] temporaryRes = (Constructor<T>[]) new Constructor<?>[0]; 3082 res = temporaryRes; 3083 } else { 3084 res = getDeclaredConstructors0(publicOnly); 3085 } 3086 if (rd != null) { 3087 if (publicOnly) { 3088 rd.publicConstructors = res; 3089 } else { 3090 rd.declaredConstructors = res; 3091 } 3092 } 3093 return res; 3094 } 3095 3096 // 3097 // 3098 // java.lang.reflect.Method handling 3099 // 3100 // 3101 3102 // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT 3103 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied 3104 // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod. 3105 private Method[] privateGetDeclaredMethods(boolean publicOnly) { 3106 Method[] res; 3107 ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData(); 3108 if (rd != null) { 3109 res = publicOnly ? rd.declaredPublicMethods : rd.declaredMethods; 3110 if (res != null) return res; 3111 } 3112 // No cached value available; request value from VM 3113 res = Reflection.filterMethods(this, getDeclaredMethods0(publicOnly)); 3114 if (rd != null) { 3115 if (publicOnly) { 3116 rd.declaredPublicMethods = res; 3117 } else { 3118 rd.declaredMethods = res; 3119 } 3120 } 3121 return res; 3122 } 3123 3124 // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT 3125 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied 3126 // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod. 3127 private Method[] privateGetPublicMethods() { 3128 Method[] res; 3129 ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData(); 3130 if (rd != null) { 3131 res = rd.publicMethods; 3132 if (res != null) return res; 3133 } 3134 3135 // No cached value available; compute value recursively. 3136 // Start by fetching public declared methods... 3137 PublicMethods pms = new PublicMethods(); 3138 for (Method m : privateGetDeclaredMethods(/* publicOnly */ true)) { 3139 pms.merge(m); 3140 } 3141 // ...then recur over superclass methods... 3142 Class<?> sc = getSuperclass(); 3143 if (sc != null) { 3144 for (Method m : sc.privateGetPublicMethods()) { 3145 pms.merge(m); 3146 } 3147 } 3148 // ...and finally over direct superinterfaces. 3149 for (Class<?> intf : getInterfaces(/* cloneArray */ false)) { 3150 for (Method m : intf.privateGetPublicMethods()) { 3151 // static interface methods are not inherited 3152 if (!Modifier.isStatic(m.getModifiers())) { 3153 pms.merge(m); 3154 } 3155 } 3156 } 3157 3158 res = pms.toArray(); 3159 if (rd != null) { 3160 rd.publicMethods = res; 3161 } 3162 return res; 3163 } 3164 3165 3166 // 3167 // Helpers for fetchers of one field, method, or constructor 3168 // 3169 3170 // This method does not copy the returned Field object! 3171 private static Field searchFields(Field[] fields, String name) { 3172 for (Field field : fields) { 3173 if (field.getName().equals(name)) { 3174 return field; 3175 } 3176 } 3177 return null; 3178 } 3179 3180 // Returns a "root" Field object. This Field object must NOT 3181 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied 3182 // via ReflectionFactory.copyField. 3183 private Field getField0(String name) { 3184 // Note: the intent is that the search algorithm this routine 3185 // uses be equivalent to the ordering imposed by 3186 // privateGetPublicFields(). It fetches only the declared 3187 // public fields for each class, however, to reduce the number 3188 // of Field objects which have to be created for the common 3189 // case where the field being requested is declared in the 3190 // class which is being queried. 3191 Field res; 3192 // Search declared public fields 3193 if ((res = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(true), name)) != null) { 3194 return res; 3195 } 3196 // Direct superinterfaces, recursively 3197 Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces(/* cloneArray */ false); 3198 for (Class<?> c : interfaces) { 3199 if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) { 3200 return res; 3201 } 3202 } 3203 // Direct superclass, recursively 3204 if (!isInterface()) { 3205 Class<?> c = getSuperclass(); 3206 if (c != null) { 3207 if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) { 3208 return res; 3209 } 3210 } 3211 } 3212 return null; 3213 } 3214 3215 // This method does not copy the returned Method object! 3216 private static Method searchMethods(Method[] methods, 3217 String name, 3218 Class<?>[] parameterTypes) 3219 { 3220 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory(); 3221 Method res = null; 3222 for (Method m : methods) { 3223 if (m.getName().equals(name) 3224 && arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes, 3225 fact.getExecutableSharedParameterTypes(m)) 3226 && (res == null 3227 || (res.getReturnType() != m.getReturnType() 3228 && res.getReturnType().isAssignableFrom(m.getReturnType())))) 3229 res = m; 3230 } 3231 return res; 3232 } 3233 3234 private static final Class<?>[] EMPTY_CLASS_ARRAY = new Class<?>[0]; 3235 3236 // Returns a "root" Method object. This Method object must NOT 3237 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied 3238 // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod. 3239 private Method getMethod0(String name, Class<?>[] parameterTypes) { 3240 PublicMethods.MethodList res = getMethodsRecursive( 3241 name, 3242 parameterTypes == null ? EMPTY_CLASS_ARRAY : parameterTypes, 3243 /* includeStatic */ true); 3244 return res == null ? null : res.getMostSpecific(); 3245 } 3246 3247 // Returns a list of "root" Method objects. These Method objects must NOT 3248 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied 3249 // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod. 3250 private PublicMethods.MethodList getMethodsRecursive(String name, 3251 Class<?>[] parameterTypes, 3252 boolean includeStatic) { 3253 // 1st check declared public methods 3254 Method[] methods = privateGetDeclaredMethods(/* publicOnly */ true); 3255 PublicMethods.MethodList res = PublicMethods.MethodList 3256 .filter(methods, name, parameterTypes, includeStatic); 3257 // if there is at least one match among declared methods, we need not 3258 // search any further as such match surely overrides matching methods 3259 // declared in superclass(es) or interface(s). 3260 if (res != null) { 3261 return res; 3262 } 3263 3264 // if there was no match among declared methods, 3265 // we must consult the superclass (if any) recursively... 3266 Class<?> sc = getSuperclass(); 3267 if (sc != null) { 3268 res = sc.getMethodsRecursive(name, parameterTypes, includeStatic); 3269 } 3270 3271 // ...and coalesce the superclass methods with methods obtained 3272 // from directly implemented interfaces excluding static methods... 3273 for (Class<?> intf : getInterfaces(/* cloneArray */ false)) { 3274 res = PublicMethods.MethodList.merge( 3275 res, intf.getMethodsRecursive(name, parameterTypes, 3276 /* includeStatic */ false)); 3277 } 3278 3279 return res; 3280 } 3281 3282 // Returns a "root" Constructor object. This Constructor object must NOT 3283 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied 3284 // via ReflectionFactory.copyConstructor. 3285 private Constructor<T> getConstructor0(Class<?>[] parameterTypes, 3286 int which) throws NoSuchMethodException 3287 { 3288 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory(); 3289 Constructor<T>[] constructors = privateGetDeclaredConstructors((which == Member.PUBLIC)); 3290 for (Constructor<T> constructor : constructors) { 3291 if (arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes, 3292 fact.getExecutableSharedParameterTypes(constructor))) { 3293 return constructor; 3294 } 3295 } 3296 throw new NoSuchMethodException(methodToString("<init>", parameterTypes)); 3297 } 3298 3299 // 3300 // Other helpers and base implementation 3301 // 3302 3303 private static boolean arrayContentsEq(Object[] a1, Object[] a2) { 3304 if (a1 == null) { 3305 return a2 == null || a2.length == 0; 3306 } 3307 3308 if (a2 == null) { 3309 return a1.length == 0; 3310 } 3311 3312 if (a1.length != a2.length) { 3313 return false; 3314 } 3315 3316 for (int i = 0; i < a1.length; i++) { 3317 if (a1[i] != a2[i]) { 3318 return false; 3319 } 3320 } 3321 3322 return true; 3323 } 3324 3325 private static Field[] copyFields(Field[] arg) { 3326 Field[] out = new Field[arg.length]; 3327 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory(); 3328 for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) { 3329 out[i] = fact.copyField(arg[i]); 3330 } 3331 return out; 3332 } 3333 3334 private static Method[] copyMethods(Method[] arg) { 3335 Method[] out = new Method[arg.length]; 3336 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory(); 3337 for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) { 3338 out[i] = fact.copyMethod(arg[i]); 3339 } 3340 return out; 3341 } 3342 3343 private static <U> Constructor<U>[] copyConstructors(Constructor<U>[] arg) { 3344 Constructor<U>[] out = arg.clone(); 3345 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory(); 3346 for (int i = 0; i < out.length; i++) { 3347 out[i] = fact.copyConstructor(out[i]); 3348 } 3349 return out; 3350 } 3351 3352 private native Field[] getDeclaredFields0(boolean publicOnly); 3353 private native Method[] getDeclaredMethods0(boolean publicOnly); 3354 private native Constructor<T>[] getDeclaredConstructors0(boolean publicOnly); 3355 private native Class<?>[] getDeclaredClasses0(); 3356 3357 /** 3358 * Helper method to get the method name from arguments. 3359 */ 3360 private String methodToString(String name, Class<?>[] argTypes) { 3361 StringJoiner sj = new StringJoiner(", ", getName() + "." + name + "(", ")"); 3362 if (argTypes != null) { 3363 for (int i = 0; i < argTypes.length; i++) { 3364 Class<?> c = argTypes[i]; 3365 sj.add((c == null) ? "null" : c.getName()); 3366 } 3367 } 3368 return sj.toString(); 3369 } 3370 3371 /** use serialVersionUID from JDK 1.1 for interoperability */ 3372 private static final long serialVersionUID = 3206093459760846163L; 3373 3374 3375 /** 3376 * Class Class is special cased within the Serialization Stream Protocol. 3377 * 3378 * A Class instance is written initially into an ObjectOutputStream in the 3379 * following format: 3380 * <pre> 3381 * {@code TC_CLASS} ClassDescriptor 3382 * A ClassDescriptor is a special cased serialization of 3383 * a {@code java.io.ObjectStreamClass} instance. 3384 * </pre> 3385 * A new handle is generated for the initial time the class descriptor 3386 * is written into the stream. Future references to the class descriptor 3387 * are written as references to the initial class descriptor instance. 3388 * 3389 * @see java.io.ObjectStreamClass 3390 */ 3391 private static final ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields = 3392 new ObjectStreamField[0]; 3393 3394 3395 /** 3396 * Returns the assertion status that would be assigned to this 3397 * class if it were to be initialized at the time this method is invoked. 3398 * If this class has had its assertion status set, the most recent 3399 * setting will be returned; otherwise, if any package default assertion 3400 * status pertains to this class, the most recent setting for the most 3401 * specific pertinent package default assertion status is returned; 3402 * otherwise, if this class is not a system class (i.e., it has a 3403 * class loader) its class loader's default assertion status is returned; 3404 * otherwise, the system class default assertion status is returned. 3405 * <p> 3406 * Few programmers will have any need for this method; it is provided 3407 * for the benefit of the JRE itself. (It allows a class to determine at 3408 * the time that it is initialized whether assertions should be enabled.) 3409 * Note that this method is not guaranteed to return the actual 3410 * assertion status that was (or will be) associated with the specified 3411 * class when it was (or will be) initialized. 3412 * 3413 * @return the desired assertion status of the specified class. 3414 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#setClassAssertionStatus 3415 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#setPackageAssertionStatus 3416 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#setDefaultAssertionStatus 3417 * @since 1.4 3418 */ 3419 public boolean desiredAssertionStatus() { 3420 ClassLoader loader = getClassLoader0(); 3421 // If the loader is null this is a system class, so ask the VM 3422 if (loader == null) 3423 return desiredAssertionStatus0(this); 3424 3425 // If the classloader has been initialized with the assertion 3426 // directives, ask it. Otherwise, ask the VM. 3427 synchronized(loader.assertionLock) { 3428 if (loader.classAssertionStatus != null) { 3429 return loader.desiredAssertionStatus(getName()); 3430 } 3431 } 3432 return desiredAssertionStatus0(this); 3433 } 3434 3435 // Retrieves the desired assertion status of this class from the VM 3436 private static native boolean desiredAssertionStatus0(Class<?> clazz); 3437 3438 /** 3439 * Returns true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the 3440 * source code. 3441 * 3442 * @return true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the 3443 * source code 3444 * @since 1.5 3445 */ 3446 public boolean isEnum() { 3447 // An enum must both directly extend java.lang.Enum and have 3448 // the ENUM bit set; classes for specialized enum constants 3449 // don't do the former. 3450 return (this.getModifiers() & ENUM) != 0 && 3451 this.getSuperclass() == java.lang.Enum.class; 3452 } 3453 3454 // Fetches the factory for reflective objects 3455 private static ReflectionFactory getReflectionFactory() { 3456 if (reflectionFactory == null) { 3457 reflectionFactory = 3458 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged 3459 (new ReflectionFactory.GetReflectionFactoryAction()); 3460 } 3461 return reflectionFactory; 3462 } 3463 private static ReflectionFactory reflectionFactory; 3464 3465 /** 3466 * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this 3467 * Class object does not represent an enum type. 3468 * 3469 * @return an array containing the values comprising the enum class 3470 * represented by this Class object in the order they're 3471 * declared, or null if this Class object does not 3472 * represent an enum type 3473 * @since 1.5 3474 */ 3475 public T[] getEnumConstants() { 3476 T[] values = getEnumConstantsShared(); 3477 return (values != null) ? values.clone() : null; 3478 } 3479 3480 /** 3481 * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this 3482 * Class object does not represent an enum type; 3483 * identical to getEnumConstants except that the result is 3484 * uncloned, cached, and shared by all callers. 3485 */ 3486 T[] getEnumConstantsShared() { 3487 T[] constants = enumConstants; 3488 if (constants == null) { 3489 if (!isEnum()) return null; 3490 try { 3491 final Method values = getMethod("values"); 3492 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged( 3493 new java.security.PrivilegedAction<>() { 3494 public Void run() { 3495 values.setAccessible(true); 3496 return null; 3497 } 3498 }); 3499 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 3500 T[] temporaryConstants = (T[])values.invoke(null); 3501 enumConstants = constants = temporaryConstants; 3502 } 3503 // These can happen when users concoct enum-like classes 3504 // that don't comply with the enum spec. 3505 catch (InvocationTargetException | NoSuchMethodException | 3506 IllegalAccessException ex) { return null; } 3507 } 3508 return constants; 3509 } 3510 private transient volatile T[] enumConstants; 3511 3512 /** 3513 * Returns a map from simple name to enum constant. This package-private 3514 * method is used internally by Enum to implement 3515 * {@code public static <T extends Enum<T>> T valueOf(Class<T>, String)} 3516 * efficiently. Note that the map is returned by this method is 3517 * created lazily on first use. Typically it won't ever get created. 3518 */ 3519 Map<String, T> enumConstantDirectory() { 3520 Map<String, T> directory = enumConstantDirectory; 3521 if (directory == null) { 3522 T[] universe = getEnumConstantsShared(); 3523 if (universe == null) 3524 throw new IllegalArgumentException( 3525 getName() + " is not an enum type"); 3526 directory = new HashMap<>(2 * universe.length); 3527 for (T constant : universe) { 3528 directory.put(((Enum<?>)constant).name(), constant); 3529 } 3530 enumConstantDirectory = directory; 3531 } 3532 return directory; 3533 } 3534 private transient volatile Map<String, T> enumConstantDirectory; 3535 3536 /** 3537 * Casts an object to the class or interface represented 3538 * by this {@code Class} object. 3539 * 3540 * @param obj the object to be cast 3541 * @return the object after casting, or null if obj is null 3542 * 3543 * @throws ClassCastException if the object is not 3544 * null and is not assignable to the type T. 3545 * 3546 * @since 1.5 3547 */ 3548 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 3549 @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate 3550 public T cast(Object obj) { 3551 if (obj != null && !isInstance(obj)) 3552 throw new ClassCastException(cannotCastMsg(obj)); 3553 return (T) obj; 3554 } 3555 3556 private String cannotCastMsg(Object obj) { 3557 return "Cannot cast " + obj.getClass().getName() + " to " + getName(); 3558 } 3559 3560 /** 3561 * Casts this {@code Class} object to represent a subclass of the class 3562 * represented by the specified class object. Checks that the cast 3563 * is valid, and throws a {@code ClassCastException} if it is not. If 3564 * this method succeeds, it always returns a reference to this class object. 3565 * 3566 * <p>This method is useful when a client needs to "narrow" the type of 3567 * a {@code Class} object to pass it to an API that restricts the 3568 * {@code Class} objects that it is willing to accept. A cast would 3569 * generate a compile-time warning, as the correctness of the cast 3570 * could not be checked at runtime (because generic types are implemented 3571 * by erasure). 3572 * 3573 * @param <U> the type to cast this class object to 3574 * @param clazz the class of the type to cast this class object to 3575 * @return this {@code Class} object, cast to represent a subclass of 3576 * the specified class object. 3577 * @throws ClassCastException if this {@code Class} object does not 3578 * represent a subclass of the specified class (here "subclass" includes 3579 * the class itself). 3580 * @since 1.5 3581 */ 3582 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 3583 public <U> Class<? extends U> asSubclass(Class<U> clazz) { 3584 if (clazz.isAssignableFrom(this)) 3585 return (Class<? extends U>) this; 3586 else 3587 throw new ClassCastException(this.toString()); 3588 } 3589 3590 /** 3591 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} 3592 * @since 1.5 3593 */ 3594 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 3595 public <A extends Annotation> A getAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass) { 3596 Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass); 3597 3598 return (A) annotationData().annotations.get(annotationClass); 3599 } 3600 3601 /** 3602 * {@inheritDoc} 3603 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} 3604 * @since 1.5 3605 */ 3606 @Override 3607 public boolean isAnnotationPresent(Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass) { 3608 return GenericDeclaration.super.isAnnotationPresent(annotationClass); 3609 } 3610 3611 /** 3612 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} 3613 * @since 1.8 3614 */ 3615 @Override 3616 public <A extends Annotation> A[] getAnnotationsByType(Class<A> annotationClass) { 3617 Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass); 3618 3619 AnnotationData annotationData = annotationData(); 3620 return AnnotationSupport.getAssociatedAnnotations(annotationData.declaredAnnotations, 3621 this, 3622 annotationClass); 3623 } 3624 3625 /** 3626 * @since 1.5 3627 */ 3628 public Annotation[] getAnnotations() { 3629 return AnnotationParser.toArray(annotationData().annotations); 3630 } 3631 3632 /** 3633 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} 3634 * @since 1.8 3635 */ 3636 @Override 3637 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") 3638 public <A extends Annotation> A getDeclaredAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass) { 3639 Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass); 3640 3641 return (A) annotationData().declaredAnnotations.get(annotationClass); 3642 } 3643 3644 /** 3645 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc} 3646 * @since 1.8 3647 */ 3648 @Override 3649 public <A extends Annotation> A[] getDeclaredAnnotationsByType(Class<A> annotationClass) { 3650 Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass); 3651 3652 return AnnotationSupport.getDirectlyAndIndirectlyPresent(annotationData().declaredAnnotations, 3653 annotationClass); 3654 } 3655 3656 /** 3657 * @since 1.5 3658 */ 3659 public Annotation[] getDeclaredAnnotations() { 3660 return AnnotationParser.toArray(annotationData().declaredAnnotations); 3661 } 3662 3663 // annotation data that might get invalidated when JVM TI RedefineClasses() is called 3664 private static class AnnotationData { 3665 final Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> annotations; 3666 final Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> declaredAnnotations; 3667 3668 // Value of classRedefinedCount when we created this AnnotationData instance 3669 final int redefinedCount; 3670 3671 AnnotationData(Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> annotations, 3672 Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> declaredAnnotations, 3673 int redefinedCount) { 3674 this.annotations = annotations; 3675 this.declaredAnnotations = declaredAnnotations; 3676 this.redefinedCount = redefinedCount; 3677 } 3678 } 3679 3680 // Annotations cache 3681 @SuppressWarnings("UnusedDeclaration") 3682 private transient volatile AnnotationData annotationData; 3683 3684 private AnnotationData annotationData() { 3685 while (true) { // retry loop 3686 AnnotationData annotationData = this.annotationData; 3687 int classRedefinedCount = this.classRedefinedCount; 3688 if (annotationData != null && 3689 annotationData.redefinedCount == classRedefinedCount) { 3690 return annotationData; 3691 } 3692 // null or stale annotationData -> optimistically create new instance 3693 AnnotationData newAnnotationData = createAnnotationData(classRedefinedCount); 3694 // try to install it 3695 if (Atomic.casAnnotationData(this, annotationData, newAnnotationData)) { 3696 // successfully installed new AnnotationData 3697 return newAnnotationData; 3698 } 3699 } 3700 } 3701 3702 private AnnotationData createAnnotationData(int classRedefinedCount) { 3703 Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> declaredAnnotations = 3704 AnnotationParser.parseAnnotations(getRawAnnotations(), getConstantPool(), this); 3705 Class<?> superClass = getSuperclass(); 3706 Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> annotations = null; 3707 if (superClass != null) { 3708 Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> superAnnotations = 3709 superClass.annotationData().annotations; 3710 for (Map.Entry<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> e : superAnnotations.entrySet()) { 3711 Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass = e.getKey(); 3712 if (AnnotationType.getInstance(annotationClass).isInherited()) { 3713 if (annotations == null) { // lazy construction 3714 annotations = new LinkedHashMap<>((Math.max( 3715 declaredAnnotations.size(), 3716 Math.min(12, declaredAnnotations.size() + superAnnotations.size()) 3717 ) * 4 + 2) / 3 3718 ); 3719 } 3720 annotations.put(annotationClass, e.getValue()); 3721 } 3722 } 3723 } 3724 if (annotations == null) { 3725 // no inherited annotations -> share the Map with declaredAnnotations 3726 annotations = declaredAnnotations; 3727 } else { 3728 // at least one inherited annotation -> declared may override inherited 3729 annotations.putAll(declaredAnnotations); 3730 } 3731 return new AnnotationData(annotations, declaredAnnotations, classRedefinedCount); 3732 } 3733 3734 // Annotation types cache their internal (AnnotationType) form 3735 3736 @SuppressWarnings("UnusedDeclaration") 3737 private transient volatile AnnotationType annotationType; 3738 3739 boolean casAnnotationType(AnnotationType oldType, AnnotationType newType) { 3740 return Atomic.casAnnotationType(this, oldType, newType); 3741 } 3742 3743 AnnotationType getAnnotationType() { 3744 return annotationType; 3745 } 3746 3747 Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> getDeclaredAnnotationMap() { 3748 return annotationData().declaredAnnotations; 3749 } 3750 3751 /* Backing store of user-defined values pertaining to this class. 3752 * Maintained by the ClassValue class. 3753 */ 3754 transient ClassValue.ClassValueMap classValueMap; 3755 3756 /** 3757 * Returns an {@code AnnotatedType} object that represents the use of a 3758 * type to specify the superclass of the entity represented by this {@code 3759 * Class} object. (The <em>use</em> of type Foo to specify the superclass 3760 * in '... extends Foo' is distinct from the <em>declaration</em> of type 3761 * Foo.) 3762 * 3763 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a type whose declaration 3764 * does not explicitly indicate an annotated superclass, then the return 3765 * value is an {@code AnnotatedType} object representing an element with no 3766 * annotations. 3767 * 3768 * <p> If this {@code Class} represents either the {@code Object} class, an 3769 * interface type, an array type, a primitive type, or void, the return 3770 * value is {@code null}. 3771 * 3772 * @return an object representing the superclass 3773 * @since 1.8 3774 */ 3775 public AnnotatedType getAnnotatedSuperclass() { 3776 if (this == Object.class || 3777 isInterface() || 3778 isArray() || 3779 isPrimitive() || 3780 this == Void.TYPE) { 3781 return null; 3782 } 3783 3784 return TypeAnnotationParser.buildAnnotatedSuperclass(getRawTypeAnnotations(), getConstantPool(), this); 3785 } 3786 3787 /** 3788 * Returns an array of {@code AnnotatedType} objects that represent the use 3789 * of types to specify superinterfaces of the entity represented by this 3790 * {@code Class} object. (The <em>use</em> of type Foo to specify a 3791 * superinterface in '... implements Foo' is distinct from the 3792 * <em>declaration</em> of type Foo.) 3793 * 3794 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class, the return value is 3795 * an array containing objects representing the uses of interface types to 3796 * specify interfaces implemented by the class. The order of the objects in 3797 * the array corresponds to the order of the interface types used in the 3798 * 'implements' clause of the declaration of this {@code Class} object. 3799 * 3800 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an interface, the return 3801 * value is an array containing objects representing the uses of interface 3802 * types to specify interfaces directly extended by the interface. The 3803 * order of the objects in the array corresponds to the order of the 3804 * interface types used in the 'extends' clause of the declaration of this 3805 * {@code Class} object. 3806 * 3807 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class or interface whose 3808 * declaration does not explicitly indicate any annotated superinterfaces, 3809 * the return value is an array of length 0. 3810 * 3811 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents either the {@code Object} 3812 * class, an array type, a primitive type, or void, the return value is an 3813 * array of length 0. 3814 * 3815 * @return an array representing the superinterfaces 3816 * @since 1.8 3817 */ 3818 public AnnotatedType[] getAnnotatedInterfaces() { 3819 return TypeAnnotationParser.buildAnnotatedInterfaces(getRawTypeAnnotations(), getConstantPool(), this); 3820 } 3821 }