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test/jdk/java/util/Arrays/ParallelSorting.java

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   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2011, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  */
  23 
  24 /* Adapted from test/java/util/Arrays/Sorting.java
  25  *



  26  * Where that test checks Arrays.sort against manual quicksort routines,
  27  * this test checks parallelSort against either Arrays.sort or manual
  28  * quicksort routines.
  29  */
  30 
  31 /*
  32  * @test
  33  * @bug 8003981
  34  * @run main ParallelSorting -shortrun
  35  * @summary Exercise Arrays.parallelSort (adapted from test Sorting)
  36  *
  37  * @author Vladimir Yaroslavskiy
  38  * @author Jon Bentley
  39  * @author Josh Bloch
  40  */
  41 

  42 import java.util.Arrays;
  43 import java.util.Random;
  44 import java.io.PrintStream;
  45 import java.util.Comparator;
  46 
  47 public class ParallelSorting {

  48     private static final PrintStream out = System.out;
  49     private static final PrintStream err = System.err;
  50 
  51     // Array lengths used in a long run (default)
  52     private static final int[] LONG_RUN_LENGTHS = {
  53         1000, 10000, 100000, 1000000 };
  54 
  55     // Array lengths used in a short run
  56     private static final int[] SHORT_RUN_LENGTHS = {
  57         5000, 9000, 10000, 12000 };
  58 
  59     // Random initial values used in a long run (default)
  60     private static final long[] LONG_RUN_RANDOMS = { 666, 0xC0FFEE, 999 };
  61 
  62     // Random initial values used in a short run
  63     private static final long[] SHORT_RUN_RANDOMS = { 666 };
  64 




  65     public static void main(String[] args) {
  66         boolean shortRun = args.length > 0 && args[0].equals("-shortrun");
  67         long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
  68 
  69         if (shortRun) {
  70             testAndCheck(SHORT_RUN_LENGTHS, SHORT_RUN_RANDOMS);
  71         } else {
  72             testAndCheck(LONG_RUN_LENGTHS, LONG_RUN_RANDOMS);
  73         }
  74         long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
  75 
  76         out.format("PASSED in %d sec.\n", Math.round((end - start) / 1E3));
  77     }
  78 
  79     private static void testAndCheck(int[] lengths, long[] randoms) {
  80         testEmptyAndNullIntArray();
  81         testEmptyAndNullLongArray();
  82         testEmptyAndNullShortArray();
  83         testEmptyAndNullCharArray();
  84         testEmptyAndNullByteArray();
  85         testEmptyAndNullFloatArray();
  86         testEmptyAndNullDoubleArray();
  87 
  88         for (int length : lengths) {
  89             testMergeSort(length);
  90             testAndCheckRange(length);
  91             testAndCheckSubArray(length);
  92         }
  93         for (long seed : randoms) {
  94             for (int length : lengths) {
  95                 testAndCheckWithInsertionSort(length, new MyRandom(seed));
  96                 testAndCheckWithCheckSum(length, new MyRandom(seed));
  97                 testAndCheckWithScrambling(length, new MyRandom(seed));
  98                 testAndCheckFloat(length, new MyRandom(seed));
  99                 testAndCheckDouble(length, new MyRandom(seed));
 100                 testStable(length, new MyRandom(seed));
 101             }
 102         }
 103     }
 104 
 105     private static void testEmptyAndNullIntArray() {
 106         ourDescription = "Check empty and null array";
 107         Arrays.parallelSort(new int[]{});
 108         Arrays.parallelSort(new int[]{}, 0, 0);
 109 
 110         try {
 111             Arrays.parallelSort((int[]) null);
 112         } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
 113             try {
 114                 Arrays.parallelSort((int[]) null, 0, 0);
 115             } catch (NullPointerException expected2) {
 116                 return;
 117             }
 118             failed("Arrays.parallelSort(int[],fromIndex,toIndex) shouldn't " +
 119                 "catch null array");
 120         }
 121         failed("Arrays.parallelSort(int[]) shouldn't catch null array");
 122     }
 123 
 124     private static void testEmptyAndNullLongArray() {
 125         ourDescription = "Check empty and null array";
 126         Arrays.parallelSort(new long[]{});
 127         Arrays.parallelSort(new long[]{}, 0, 0);
 128 
 129         try {
 130             Arrays.parallelSort((long[]) null);
 131         } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
 132             try {
 133                 Arrays.parallelSort((long[]) null, 0, 0);
 134             } catch (NullPointerException expected2) {
 135                 return;
 136             }
 137             failed("Arrays.parallelSort(long[],fromIndex,toIndex) shouldn't " +
 138                 "catch null array");
 139         }
 140         failed("Arrays.parallelSort(long[]) shouldn't catch null array");
 141     }
 142 
 143     private static void testEmptyAndNullShortArray() {
 144         ourDescription = "Check empty and null array";
 145         Arrays.parallelSort(new short[]{});
 146         Arrays.parallelSort(new short[]{}, 0, 0);
 147 
 148         try {
 149             Arrays.parallelSort((short[]) null);
 150         } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
 151             try {
 152                 Arrays.parallelSort((short[]) null, 0, 0);
 153             } catch (NullPointerException expected2) {
 154                 return;
 155             }
 156             failed("Arrays.parallelSort(short[],fromIndex,toIndex) shouldn't " +
 157                 "catch null array");
 158         }
 159         failed("Arrays.parallelSort(short[]) shouldn't catch null array");
 160     }
 161 
 162     private static void testEmptyAndNullCharArray() {
 163         ourDescription = "Check empty and null array";
 164         Arrays.parallelSort(new char[]{});
 165         Arrays.parallelSort(new char[]{}, 0, 0);
 166 
 167         try {
 168             Arrays.parallelSort((char[]) null);
 169         } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
 170             try {
 171                 Arrays.parallelSort((char[]) null, 0, 0);
 172             } catch (NullPointerException expected2) {
 173                 return;
 174             }
 175             failed("Arrays.parallelSort(char[],fromIndex,toIndex) shouldn't " +
 176                 "catch null array");
 177         }
 178         failed("Arrays.parallelSort(char[]) shouldn't catch null array");
 179     }
 180 
 181     private static void testEmptyAndNullByteArray() {
 182         ourDescription = "Check empty and null array";
 183         Arrays.parallelSort(new byte[]{});
 184         Arrays.parallelSort(new byte[]{}, 0, 0);
 185 
 186         try {
 187             Arrays.parallelSort((byte[]) null);
 188         } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
 189             try {
 190                 Arrays.parallelSort((byte[]) null, 0, 0);
 191             } catch (NullPointerException expected2) {
 192                 return;
 193             }
 194             failed("Arrays.parallelSort(byte[],fromIndex,toIndex) shouldn't " +
 195                 "catch null array");
 196         }
 197         failed("Arrays.parallelSort(byte[]) shouldn't catch null array");
 198     }
 199 
 200     private static void testEmptyAndNullFloatArray() {
 201         ourDescription = "Check empty and null array";
 202         Arrays.parallelSort(new float[]{});
 203         Arrays.parallelSort(new float[]{}, 0, 0);
 204 
 205         try {
 206             Arrays.parallelSort((float[]) null);
 207         } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
 208             try {
 209                 Arrays.parallelSort((float[]) null, 0, 0);
 210             } catch (NullPointerException expected2) {
 211                 return;
 212             }
 213             failed("Arrays.parallelSort(float[],fromIndex,toIndex) shouldn't " +
 214                 "catch null array");
 215         }
 216         failed("Arrays.parallelSort(float[]) shouldn't catch null array");
 217     }
 218 
 219     private static void testEmptyAndNullDoubleArray() {
 220         ourDescription = "Check empty and null array";
 221         Arrays.parallelSort(new double[]{});
 222         Arrays.parallelSort(new double[]{}, 0, 0);
 223 
 224         try {
 225             Arrays.parallelSort((double[]) null);
 226         } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
 227             try {
 228                 Arrays.parallelSort((double[]) null, 0, 0);
 229             } catch (NullPointerException expected2) {
 230                 return;
 231             }
 232             failed("Arrays.parallelSort(double[],fromIndex,toIndex) shouldn't " +
 233                 "catch null array");
 234         }
 235         failed("Arrays.parallelSort(double[]) shouldn't catch null array");
 236     }
 237 
 238     private static void testAndCheckSubArray(int length) {
 239         ourDescription = "Check sorting of subarray";
 240         int[] golden = new int[length];
 241         boolean newLine = false;
 242 


 278             }
 279         }
 280         out.println();
 281     }
 282 
 283     private static void testStable(int length, MyRandom random) {
 284         ourDescription = "Check if sorting is stable";
 285         Pair[] a = build(length, random);
 286 
 287         out.println("Test 'stable': " + "random = " + random.getSeed() +
 288             ", length = " + length);
 289         Arrays.parallelSort(a);
 290         checkSorted(a);
 291         checkStable(a);
 292         out.println();
 293 
 294         a = build(length, random);
 295 
 296         out.println("Test 'stable' comparator: " + "random = " + random.getSeed() +
 297             ", length = " + length);
 298         Arrays.parallelSort(a, pairCmp);
 299         checkSorted(a);
 300         checkStable(a);
 301         out.println();
 302 
 303     }
 304 
 305     private static void checkSorted(Pair[] a) {
 306         for (int i = 0; i < a.length - 1; i++) {
 307             if (a[i].getKey() > a[i + 1].getKey()) {
 308                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i].getKey(), "" + a[i + 1].getKey());
 309             }
 310         }
 311     }
 312 
 313     private static void checkStable(Pair[] a) {
 314         for (int i = 0; i < a.length / 4; ) {
 315             int key1 = a[i].getKey();
 316             int value1 = a[i++].getValue();
 317             int key2 = a[i].getKey();
 318             int value2 = a[i++].getValue();
 319             int key3 = a[i].getKey();
 320             int value3 = a[i++].getValue();
 321             int key4 = a[i].getKey();
 322             int value4 = a[i++].getValue();


 329                 failed("Sorting is not stable at position " + i +
 330                     ". Second values have been changed: " +  value1 + ", " +
 331                     value2 + ", " + value3 + ", " + value4);
 332             }
 333         }
 334     }
 335 
 336     private static Pair[] build(int length, Random random) {
 337         Pair[] a = new Pair[length * 4];
 338 
 339         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; ) {
 340             int key = random.nextInt();
 341             a[i++] = new Pair(key, 1);
 342             a[i++] = new Pair(key, 2);
 343             a[i++] = new Pair(key, 3);
 344             a[i++] = new Pair(key, 4);
 345         }
 346         return a;
 347     }
 348 
 349     private static Comparator<Pair> pairCmp = new Comparator<Pair>() {
 350         public int compare(Pair p1, Pair p2) {
 351             return p1.compareTo(p2);
 352         }
 353     };
 354 
 355     private static final class Pair implements Comparable<Pair> {
 356         Pair(int key, int value) {
 357             myKey = key;
 358             myValue = value;
 359         }
 360 
 361         int getKey() {
 362             return myKey;
 363         }
 364 
 365         int getValue() {
 366             return myValue;
 367         }
 368 
 369         public int compareTo(Pair pair) {


 397             for (UnsortedBuilder builder : UnsortedBuilder.values()) {
 398                 builder.build(golden, m, random);
 399                 int[] test = golden.clone();
 400 
 401                 for (TypeConverter converter : TypeConverter.values()) {
 402                     out.println("Test 'insertion sort': " + converter +
 403                         " " + builder + "random = " + random.getSeed() +
 404                         ", length = " + length + ", m = " + m);
 405                     Object convertedGolden = converter.convert(golden);
 406                     Object convertedTest1 = converter.convert(test);
 407                     Object convertedTest2 = converter.convert(test);
 408                     sort(convertedTest1);
 409                     sortByInsertionSort(convertedTest2);
 410                     compare(convertedTest1, convertedTest2);
 411                 }
 412             }
 413         }
 414         out.println();
 415     }
 416 
 417     private static void testMergeSort(int length) {
 418         if (length < 1000) {
 419             return;
 420         }
 421         ourDescription = "Check merge sorting";
 422         int[] golden = new int[length];
 423         int period = 67; // java.util.DualPivotQuicksort.MAX_RUN_COUNT
 424 
 425         for (int m = period - 2; m <= period + 2; m++) {
 426             for (MergeBuilder builder : MergeBuilder.values()) {
 427                 builder.build(golden, m);
 428                 int[] test = golden.clone();
 429 
 430                 for (TypeConverter converter : TypeConverter.values()) {
 431                     out.println("Test 'merge sort': " + converter + " " +
 432                         builder + "length = " + length + ", m = " + m);
 433                     Object convertedGolden = converter.convert(golden);
 434                     sort(convertedGolden);
 435                     checkSorted(convertedGolden);
 436                 }
 437             }
 438         }
 439         out.println();
 440     }
 441 
 442     private static void testAndCheckWithCheckSum(int length, MyRandom random) {
 443         ourDescription = "Check sorting with check sum";
 444         int[] golden = new int[length];
 445 
 446         for (int m = 1; m < 2 * length; m *= 2) {
 447             for (UnsortedBuilder builder : UnsortedBuilder.values()) {
 448                 builder.build(golden, m, random);
 449                 int[] test = golden.clone();
 450 
 451                 for (TypeConverter converter : TypeConverter.values()) {


 475                 int[] test = golden.clone();
 476                 scramble(test, random);
 477 
 478                 for (TypeConverter converter : TypeConverter.values()) {
 479                     out.println("Test 'scrambling': " + converter +
 480                        " " + builder + "random = " + random.getSeed() +
 481                        ", length = " + length + ", m = " + m);
 482                     Object convertedGolden = converter.convert(golden);
 483                     Object convertedTest = converter.convert(test);
 484                     sort(convertedTest);
 485                     compare(convertedTest, convertedGolden);
 486                 }
 487             }
 488         }
 489         out.println();
 490     }
 491 
 492     private static void testAndCheckFloat(int length, MyRandom random) {
 493         ourDescription = "Check float sorting";
 494         float[] golden = new float[length];
 495         final int MAX = 10;
 496         boolean newLine = false;

 497 
 498         for (int a = 0; a <= MAX; a++) {
 499             for (int g = 0; g <= MAX; g++) {
 500                 for (int z = 0; z <= MAX; z++) {
 501                     for (int n = 0; n <= MAX; n++) {
 502                         for (int p = 0; p <= MAX; p++) {
 503                             if (a + g + z + n + p > length) {
 504                                 continue;
 505                             }
 506                             if (a + g + z + n + p < length) {
 507                                 continue;
 508                             }
 509                             for (FloatBuilder builder : FloatBuilder.values()) {
 510                                 out.println("Test 'float': random = " + random.getSeed() +
 511                                    ", length = " + length + ", a = " + a + ", g = " +
 512                                    g + ", z = " + z + ", n = " + n + ", p = " + p);
 513                                 builder.build(golden, a, g, z, n, p, random);
 514                                 float[] test = golden.clone();
 515                                 scramble(test, random);
 516                                 sort(test);
 517                                 compare(test, golden, a, n, g);
 518                             }
 519                             newLine = true;
 520                         }
 521                     }
 522                 }
 523             }
 524         }
 525         if (newLine) {
 526             out.println();


 550                                    g + ", z = " + z + ", n = " + n + ", p = " + p);
 551                                 builder.build(golden, a, g, z, n, p, random);
 552                                 double[] test = golden.clone();
 553                                 scramble(test, random);
 554                                 sort(test);
 555                                 compare(test, golden, a, n, g);
 556                             }
 557                             newLine = true;
 558                         }
 559                     }
 560                 }
 561             }
 562         }
 563         if (newLine) {
 564             out.println();
 565         }
 566     }
 567 
 568     private static void prepareSubArray(int[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
 569         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
 570             a[i] = 0xDEDA;
 571         }
 572         int middle = (fromIndex + toIndex) >>> 1;
 573         int k = 0;
 574 
 575         for (int i = fromIndex; i < middle; i++) {
 576             a[i] = k++;
 577         }
 578         for (int i = middle; i < toIndex; i++) {
 579             a[i] = k--;
 580         }
 581         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
 582             a[i] = 0xBABA;
 583         }
 584     }
 585 
 586     private static void scramble(int[] a, Random random) {
 587         for (int i = 0; i < a.length * 7; i++) {
 588             swap(a, random.nextInt(a.length), random.nextInt(a.length));
 589         }
 590     }
 591 
 592     private static void scramble(float[] a, Random random) {
 593         for (int i = 0; i < a.length * 7; i++) {
 594             swap(a, random.nextInt(a.length), random.nextInt(a.length));
 595         }
 596     }
 597 
 598     private static void scramble(double[] a, Random random) {
 599         for (int i = 0; i < a.length * 7; i++) {
 600             swap(a, random.nextInt(a.length), random.nextInt(a.length));
 601         }
 602     }


 673                     b[i] = (float) a[i];
 674                 }
 675                 return b;
 676             }
 677         },
 678         DOUBLE {
 679             Object convert(int[] a) {
 680                 double[] b = new double[a.length];
 681 
 682                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
 683                     b[i] = (double) a[i];
 684                 }
 685                 return b;
 686             }
 687         },
 688         INTEGER {
 689             Object convert(int[] a) {
 690                 Integer[] b = new Integer[a.length];
 691 
 692                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
 693                     b[i] = new Integer(a[i]);
 694                 }
 695                 return b;
 696             }
 697         };
 698 
 699         abstract Object convert(int[] a);
 700 
 701         @Override public String toString() {

 702             String name = name();
 703 
 704             for (int i = name.length(); i < 9; i++) {
 705                 name += " ";
 706             }
 707             return name;
 708         }
 709     }
 710 
 711     private static enum FloatBuilder {
 712         SIMPLE {
 713             void build(float[] x, int a, int g, int z, int n, int p, Random random) {
 714                 int fromIndex = 0;
 715                 float negativeValue = -random.nextFloat();
 716                 float positiveValue =  random.nextFloat();
 717 
 718                 writeValue(x, negativeValue, fromIndex, n);
 719                 fromIndex += n;
 720 
 721                 writeValue(x, -0.0f, fromIndex, g);


 834             }
 835         },
 836         ORGAN_PIPES {
 837             void build(int[] a, int m) {
 838                 int i = 0;
 839                 int k = m;
 840 
 841                 while (true) {
 842                     for (int t = 1; t <= m; t++) {
 843                         if (i >= a.length) {
 844                             return;
 845                         }
 846                         a[i++] = k;
 847                     }
 848                 }
 849             }
 850         };
 851 
 852         abstract void build(int[] a, int m);
 853 
 854         @Override public String toString() {

 855             String name = name();
 856 
 857             for (int i = name.length(); i < 12; i++) {
 858                 name += " ";
 859             }
 860             return name;
 861         }
 862     }
 863 
 864     private static enum MergeBuilder {
 865         ASCENDING {
 866             void build(int[] a, int m) {
 867                 int period = a.length / m;
 868                 int v = 1, i = 0;
 869 
 870                 for (int k = 0; k < m; k++) {
 871                     v = 1;
 872                     for (int p = 0; p < period; p++) {
 873                         a[i++] = v++;
 874                     }
 875                 }
 876                 for (int j = i; j < a.length - 1; j++) {
 877                     a[j] = v++;
 878                 }
 879                 a[a.length - 1] = 0;
 880             }
 881         },
 882         DESCENDING {
 883             void build(int[] a, int m) {
 884                 int period = a.length / m;
 885                 int v = -1, i = 0;
 886 
 887                 for (int k = 0; k < m; k++) {
 888                     v = -1;
 889                     for (int p = 0; p < period; p++) {
 890                         a[i++] = v--;
 891                     }
 892                 }
 893                 for (int j = i; j < a.length - 1; j++) {
 894                     a[j] = v--;
 895                 }
 896                 a[a.length - 1] = 0;
 897             }









































 898         };
 899 
 900         abstract void build(int[] a, int m);
 901 
 902         @Override public String toString() {

 903             String name = name();
 904 
 905             for (int i = name.length(); i < 12; i++) {
 906                 name += " ";
 907             }
 908             return name;
 909         }
 910     }
 911 








 912     private static enum UnsortedBuilder {
 913         RANDOM {
 914             void build(int[] a, int m, Random random) {
 915                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
 916                     a[i] = random.nextInt();
 917                 }
 918             }
 919         },
 920         ASCENDING {
 921             void build(int[] a, int m, Random random) {
 922                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
 923                     a[i] = m + i;
 924                 }
 925             }
 926         },
 927         DESCENDING {
 928             void build(int[] a, int m, Random random) {
 929                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
 930                     a[i] = a.length - m - i;
 931                 }


 998             }
 999         },
1000         PLATEAU {
1001             void build(int[] a, int m, Random random) {
1002                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
1003                     a[i] = Math.min(i, m);
1004                 }
1005             }
1006         },
1007         SHUFFLE {
1008             void build(int[] a, int m, Random random) {
1009                 int x = 0, y = 0;
1010                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
1011                     a[i] = random.nextBoolean() ? (x += 2) : (y += 2);
1012                 }
1013             }
1014         };
1015 
1016         abstract void build(int[] a, int m, Random random);
1017 
1018         @Override public String toString() {

1019             String name = name();
1020 
1021             for (int i = name.length(); i < 12; i++) {
1022                 name += " ";
1023             }
1024             return name;
1025         }
1026     }
1027 
1028     private static void checkWithCheckSum(Object test, Object golden) {
1029         checkSorted(test);
1030         checkCheckSum(test, golden);
1031     }
1032 
1033     private static void failed(String message) {
1034         err.format("\n*** TEST FAILED - %s.\n\n%s.\n\n", ourDescription, message);
1035         throw new RuntimeException("Test failed - see log file for details");
1036     }
1037 
1038     private static void failedSort(int index, String value1, String value2) {


1045     }
1046 
1047     private static void compare(Object test, Object golden) {
1048         if (test instanceof int[]) {
1049             compare((int[]) test, (int[]) golden);
1050         } else if (test instanceof long[]) {
1051             compare((long[]) test, (long[]) golden);
1052         } else if (test instanceof short[]) {
1053             compare((short[]) test, (short[]) golden);
1054         } else if (test instanceof byte[]) {
1055             compare((byte[]) test, (byte[]) golden);
1056         } else if (test instanceof char[]) {
1057             compare((char[]) test, (char[]) golden);
1058         } else if (test instanceof float[]) {
1059             compare((float[]) test, (float[]) golden);
1060         } else if (test instanceof double[]) {
1061             compare((double[]) test, (double[]) golden);
1062         } else if (test instanceof Integer[]) {
1063             compare((Integer[]) test, (Integer[]) golden);
1064         } else {
1065             failed("Unknow type of array: " + test + " of class " +
1066                 test.getClass().getName());
1067         }
1068     }
1069 
1070     private static void compare(int[] a, int[] b) {
1071         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
1072             if (a[i] != b[i]) {
1073                 failedCompare(i, "" + a[i], "" + b[i]);
1074             }
1075         }
1076     }
1077 
1078     private static void compare(long[] a, long[] b) {
1079         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
1080             if (a[i] != b[i]) {
1081                 failedCompare(i, "" + a[i], "" + b[i]);
1082             }
1083         }
1084     }
1085 


1132     }
1133 
1134     private static void checkSorted(Object object) {
1135         if (object instanceof int[]) {
1136             checkSorted((int[]) object);
1137         } else if (object instanceof long[]) {
1138             checkSorted((long[]) object);
1139         } else if (object instanceof short[]) {
1140             checkSorted((short[]) object);
1141         } else if (object instanceof byte[]) {
1142             checkSorted((byte[]) object);
1143         } else if (object instanceof char[]) {
1144             checkSorted((char[]) object);
1145         } else if (object instanceof float[]) {
1146             checkSorted((float[]) object);
1147         } else if (object instanceof double[]) {
1148             checkSorted((double[]) object);
1149         } else if (object instanceof Integer[]) {
1150             checkSorted((Integer[]) object);
1151         } else {
1152             failed("Unknow type of array: " + object + " of class " +
1153                 object.getClass().getName());
1154         }
1155     }
1156 
1157     private static void checkSorted(int[] a) {
1158         for (int i = 0; i < a.length - 1; i++) {
1159             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1160                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1161             }
1162         }
1163     }
1164 
1165     private static void checkSorted(long[] a) {
1166         for (int i = 0; i < a.length - 1; i++) {
1167             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1168                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1169             }
1170         }
1171     }
1172 


1228     }
1229 
1230     private static int checkSumXor(Object object) {
1231         if (object instanceof int[]) {
1232             return checkSumXor((int[]) object);
1233         } else if (object instanceof long[]) {
1234             return checkSumXor((long[]) object);
1235         } else if (object instanceof short[]) {
1236             return checkSumXor((short[]) object);
1237         } else if (object instanceof byte[]) {
1238             return checkSumXor((byte[]) object);
1239         } else if (object instanceof char[]) {
1240             return checkSumXor((char[]) object);
1241         } else if (object instanceof float[]) {
1242             return checkSumXor((float[]) object);
1243         } else if (object instanceof double[]) {
1244             return checkSumXor((double[]) object);
1245         } else if (object instanceof Integer[]) {
1246             return checkSumXor((Integer[]) object);
1247         } else {
1248             failed("Unknow type of array: " + object + " of class " +
1249                 object.getClass().getName());
1250             return -1;
1251         }
1252     }
1253 
1254     private static int checkSumXor(Integer[] a) {
1255         int checkSum = 0;
1256 
1257         for (Integer e : a) {
1258             checkSum ^= e.intValue();
1259         }
1260         return checkSum;
1261     }
1262 
1263     private static int checkSumXor(int[] a) {
1264         int checkSum = 0;
1265 
1266         for (int e : a) {
1267             checkSum ^= e;
1268         }


1324     }
1325 
1326     private static int checkSumPlus(Object object) {
1327         if (object instanceof int[]) {
1328             return checkSumPlus((int[]) object);
1329         } else if (object instanceof long[]) {
1330             return checkSumPlus((long[]) object);
1331         } else if (object instanceof short[]) {
1332             return checkSumPlus((short[]) object);
1333         } else if (object instanceof byte[]) {
1334             return checkSumPlus((byte[]) object);
1335         } else if (object instanceof char[]) {
1336             return checkSumPlus((char[]) object);
1337         } else if (object instanceof float[]) {
1338             return checkSumPlus((float[]) object);
1339         } else if (object instanceof double[]) {
1340             return checkSumPlus((double[]) object);
1341         } else if (object instanceof Integer[]) {
1342             return checkSumPlus((Integer[]) object);
1343         } else {
1344             failed("Unknow type of array: " + object + " of class " +
1345                 object.getClass().getName());
1346             return -1;
1347         }
1348     }
1349 
1350     private static int checkSumPlus(int[] a) {
1351         int checkSum = 0;
1352 
1353         for (int e : a) {
1354             checkSum += e;
1355         }
1356         return checkSum;
1357     }
1358 
1359     private static int checkSumPlus(long[] a) {
1360         long checkSum = 0;
1361 
1362         for (long e : a) {
1363             checkSum += e;
1364         }


1420     }
1421 
1422     private static void sortByInsertionSort(Object object) {
1423         if (object instanceof int[]) {
1424             sortByInsertionSort((int[]) object);
1425         } else if (object instanceof long[]) {
1426             sortByInsertionSort((long[]) object);
1427         } else if (object instanceof short[]) {
1428             sortByInsertionSort((short[]) object);
1429         } else if (object instanceof byte[]) {
1430             sortByInsertionSort((byte[]) object);
1431         } else if (object instanceof char[]) {
1432             sortByInsertionSort((char[]) object);
1433         } else if (object instanceof float[]) {
1434             sortByInsertionSort((float[]) object);
1435         } else if (object instanceof double[]) {
1436             sortByInsertionSort((double[]) object);
1437         } else if (object instanceof Integer[]) {
1438             sortByInsertionSort((Integer[]) object);
1439         } else {
1440             failed("Unknow type of array: " + object + " of class " +
1441                 object.getClass().getName());
1442         }
1443     }
1444 
1445     private static void sortByInsertionSort(int[] a) {
1446         for (int j, i = 1; i < a.length; i++) {
1447             int ai = a[i];
1448             for (j = i - 1; j >= 0 && ai < a[j]; j--) {
1449                 a[j + 1] = a[j];
1450             }
1451             a[j + 1] = ai;
1452         }
1453     }
1454 
1455     private static void sortByInsertionSort(long[] a) {
1456         for (int j, i = 1; i < a.length; i++) {
1457             long ai = a[i];
1458             for (j = i - 1; j >= 0 && ai < a[j]; j--) {
1459                 a[j + 1] = a[j];
1460             }


1523     }
1524 
1525     private static void sort(Object object) {
1526         if (object instanceof int[]) {
1527             Arrays.parallelSort((int[]) object);
1528         } else if (object instanceof long[]) {
1529             Arrays.parallelSort((long[]) object);
1530         } else if (object instanceof short[]) {
1531             Arrays.parallelSort((short[]) object);
1532         } else if (object instanceof byte[]) {
1533             Arrays.parallelSort((byte[]) object);
1534         } else if (object instanceof char[]) {
1535             Arrays.parallelSort((char[]) object);
1536         } else if (object instanceof float[]) {
1537             Arrays.parallelSort((float[]) object);
1538         } else if (object instanceof double[]) {
1539             Arrays.parallelSort((double[]) object);
1540         } else if (object instanceof Integer[]) {
1541             Arrays.parallelSort((Integer[]) object);
1542         } else {
1543             failed("Unknow type of array: " + object + " of class " +
1544                 object.getClass().getName());
1545         }
1546     }
1547 
1548     private static void sortSubArray(Object object, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
1549         if (object instanceof int[]) {
1550             Arrays.parallelSort((int[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex);
1551         } else if (object instanceof long[]) {
1552             Arrays.parallelSort((long[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex);
1553         } else if (object instanceof short[]) {
1554             Arrays.parallelSort((short[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex);
1555         } else if (object instanceof byte[]) {
1556             Arrays.parallelSort((byte[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex);
1557         } else if (object instanceof char[]) {
1558             Arrays.parallelSort((char[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex);
1559         } else if (object instanceof float[]) {
1560             Arrays.parallelSort((float[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex);
1561         } else if (object instanceof double[]) {
1562             Arrays.parallelSort((double[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex);
1563         } else if (object instanceof Integer[]) {
1564             Arrays.parallelSort((Integer[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex);
1565         } else {
1566             failed("Unknow type of array: " + object + " of class " +
1567                 object.getClass().getName());
1568         }
1569     }
1570 
1571     private static void checkSubArray(Object object, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1572         if (object instanceof int[]) {
1573             checkSubArray((int[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex, m);
1574         } else if (object instanceof long[]) {
1575             checkSubArray((long[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex, m);
1576         } else if (object instanceof short[]) {
1577             checkSubArray((short[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex, m);
1578         } else if (object instanceof byte[]) {
1579             checkSubArray((byte[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex, m);
1580         } else if (object instanceof char[]) {
1581             checkSubArray((char[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex, m);
1582         } else if (object instanceof float[]) {
1583             checkSubArray((float[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex, m);
1584         } else if (object instanceof double[]) {
1585             checkSubArray((double[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex, m);
1586         } else if (object instanceof Integer[]) {
1587             checkSubArray((Integer[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex, m);
1588         } else {
1589             failed("Unknow type of array: " + object + " of class " +
1590                 object.getClass().getName());
1591         }
1592     }
1593 
1594     private static void checkSubArray(Integer[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1595         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
1596             if (a[i].intValue() != 0xDEDA) {
1597                 failed("Range sort changes left element on position " + i +
1598                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + 0xDEDA);
1599             }
1600         }
1601 
1602         for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex - 1; i++) {
1603             if (a[i].intValue() > a[i + 1].intValue()) {
1604                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1605             }
1606         }
1607 
1608         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
1609             if (a[i].intValue() != 0xBABA) {
1610                 failed("Range sort changes right element on position " + i +
1611                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + 0xBABA);
1612             }
1613         }
1614     }
1615 
1616     private static void checkSubArray(int[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1617         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
1618             if (a[i] != 0xDEDA) {
1619                 failed("Range sort changes left element on position " + i +
1620                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + 0xDEDA);
1621             }
1622         }
1623 
1624         for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex - 1; i++) {
1625             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1626                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1627             }
1628         }
1629 
1630         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
1631             if (a[i] != 0xBABA) {
1632                 failed("Range sort changes right element on position " + i +
1633                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + 0xBABA);
1634             }
1635         }
1636     }
1637 
1638     private static void checkSubArray(byte[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1639         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
1640             if (a[i] != (byte) 0xDEDA) {
1641                 failed("Range sort changes left element on position " + i +
1642                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + 0xDEDA);
1643             }
1644         }
1645 
1646         for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex - 1; i++) {
1647             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1648                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1649             }
1650         }
1651 
1652         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
1653             if (a[i] != (byte) 0xBABA) {
1654                 failed("Range sort changes right element on position " + i +
1655                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + 0xBABA);
1656             }
1657         }
1658     }
1659 
1660     private static void checkSubArray(long[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1661         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
1662             if (a[i] != (long) 0xDEDA) {
1663                 failed("Range sort changes left element on position " + i +
1664                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + 0xDEDA);
1665             }
1666         }
1667 
1668         for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex - 1; i++) {
1669             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1670                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1671             }
1672         }
1673 
1674         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
1675             if (a[i] != (long) 0xBABA) {
1676                 failed("Range sort changes right element on position " + i +
1677                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + 0xBABA);
1678             }
1679         }
1680     }
1681 
1682     private static void checkSubArray(char[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1683         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
1684             if (a[i] != (char) 0xDEDA) {
1685                 failed("Range sort changes left element on position " + i +
1686                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + 0xDEDA);
1687             }
1688         }
1689 
1690         for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex - 1; i++) {
1691             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1692                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1693             }
1694         }
1695 
1696         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
1697             if (a[i] != (char) 0xBABA) {
1698                 failed("Range sort changes right element on position " + i +
1699                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + 0xBABA);
1700             }
1701         }
1702     }
1703 
1704     private static void checkSubArray(short[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1705         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
1706             if (a[i] != (short) 0xDEDA) {
1707                 failed("Range sort changes left element on position " + i +
1708                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + 0xDEDA);
1709             }
1710         }
1711 
1712         for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex - 1; i++) {
1713             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1714                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1715             }
1716         }
1717 
1718         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
1719             if (a[i] != (short) 0xBABA) {
1720                 failed("Range sort changes right element on position " + i +
1721                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + 0xBABA);
1722             }
1723         }
1724     }
1725 
1726     private static void checkSubArray(float[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1727         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
1728             if (a[i] != (float) 0xDEDA) {
1729                 failed("Range sort changes left element on position " + i +
1730                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + 0xDEDA);
1731             }
1732         }
1733 
1734         for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex - 1; i++) {
1735             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1736                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1737             }
1738         }
1739 
1740         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
1741             if (a[i] != (float) 0xBABA) {
1742                 failed("Range sort changes right element on position " + i +
1743                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + 0xBABA);
1744             }
1745         }
1746     }
1747 
1748     private static void checkSubArray(double[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1749         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
1750             if (a[i] != (double) 0xDEDA) {
1751                 failed("Range sort changes left element on position " + i +
1752                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + 0xDEDA);
1753             }
1754         }
1755 
1756         for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex - 1; i++) {
1757             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1758                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1759             }
1760         }
1761 
1762         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
1763             if (a[i] != (double) 0xBABA) {
1764                 failed("Range sort changes right element on position " + i +
1765                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + 0xBABA);
1766             }
1767         }
1768     }
1769 
1770     private static void checkRange(Object object, int m) {
1771         if (object instanceof int[]) {
1772             checkRange((int[]) object, m);
1773         } else if (object instanceof long[]) {
1774             checkRange((long[]) object, m);
1775         } else if (object instanceof short[]) {
1776             checkRange((short[]) object, m);
1777         } else if (object instanceof byte[]) {
1778             checkRange((byte[]) object, m);
1779         } else if (object instanceof char[]) {
1780             checkRange((char[]) object, m);
1781         } else if (object instanceof float[]) {
1782             checkRange((float[]) object, m);
1783         } else if (object instanceof double[]) {
1784             checkRange((double[]) object, m);
1785         } else if (object instanceof Integer[]) {
1786             checkRange((Integer[]) object, m);
1787         } else {
1788             failed("Unknow type of array: " + object + " of class " +
1789                 object.getClass().getName());
1790         }
1791     }
1792 
1793     private static void checkRange(Integer[] a, int m) {
1794         try {
1795             Arrays.parallelSort(a, m + 1, m);
1796 
1797             failed("ParallelSort does not throw IllegalArgumentException " +
1798                 " as expected: fromIndex = " + (m + 1) +
1799                 " toIndex = " + m);
1800         }
1801         catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
1802             try {
1803                 Arrays.parallelSort(a, -m, a.length);
1804 
1805                 failed("ParallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1806                     " as expected: fromIndex = " + (-m));
1807             }
1808             catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aoe) {
1809                 try {
1810                     Arrays.parallelSort(a, 0, a.length + m);
1811 
1812                     failed("ParallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1813                         " as expected: toIndex = " + (a.length + m));
1814                 }
1815                 catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aie) {
1816                     return;
1817                 }
1818             }
1819         }
1820     }
1821 
1822     private static void checkRange(int[] a, int m) {
1823         try {
1824             Arrays.parallelSort(a, m + 1, m);
1825 
1826             failed("ParallelSort does not throw IllegalArgumentException " +
1827                 " as expected: fromIndex = " + (m + 1) +
1828                 " toIndex = " + m);
1829         }
1830         catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
1831             try {
1832                 Arrays.parallelSort(a, -m, a.length);
1833 
1834                 failed("ParallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1835                     " as expected: fromIndex = " + (-m));
1836             }
1837             catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aoe) {
1838                 try {
1839                     Arrays.parallelSort(a, 0, a.length + m);
1840 
1841                     failed("ParallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1842                         " as expected: toIndex = " + (a.length + m));
1843                 }
1844                 catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aie) {
1845                     return;
1846                 }
1847             }
1848         }
1849     }
1850 
1851     private static void checkRange(long[] a, int m) {
1852         try {
1853             Arrays.parallelSort(a, m + 1, m);
1854 
1855             failed("ParallelSort does not throw IllegalArgumentException " +
1856                 " as expected: fromIndex = " + (m + 1) +
1857                 " toIndex = " + m);
1858         }
1859         catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
1860             try {
1861                 Arrays.parallelSort(a, -m, a.length);
1862 
1863                 failed("ParallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1864                     " as expected: fromIndex = " + (-m));
1865             }
1866             catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aoe) {
1867                 try {
1868                     Arrays.parallelSort(a, 0, a.length + m);
1869 
1870                     failed("ParallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1871                         " as expected: toIndex = " + (a.length + m));
1872                 }
1873                 catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aie) {
1874                     return;
1875                 }
1876             }
1877         }
1878     }
1879 
1880     private static void checkRange(byte[] a, int m) {
1881         try {
1882             Arrays.parallelSort(a, m + 1, m);
1883 
1884             failed("ParallelSort does not throw IllegalArgumentException " +
1885                 " as expected: fromIndex = " + (m + 1) +
1886                 " toIndex = " + m);
1887         }
1888         catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
1889             try {
1890                 Arrays.parallelSort(a, -m, a.length);
1891 
1892                 failed("ParallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1893                     " as expected: fromIndex = " + (-m));
1894             }
1895             catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aoe) {
1896                 try {
1897                     Arrays.parallelSort(a, 0, a.length + m);
1898 
1899                     failed("ParallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1900                         " as expected: toIndex = " + (a.length + m));
1901                 }
1902                 catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aie) {
1903                     return;
1904                 }
1905             }
1906         }
1907     }
1908 
1909     private static void checkRange(short[] a, int m) {
1910         try {
1911             Arrays.parallelSort(a, m + 1, m);
1912 
1913             failed("ParallelSort does not throw IllegalArgumentException " +
1914                 " as expected: fromIndex = " + (m + 1) +
1915                 " toIndex = " + m);
1916         }
1917         catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
1918             try {
1919                 Arrays.parallelSort(a, -m, a.length);
1920 
1921                 failed("ParallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1922                     " as expected: fromIndex = " + (-m));
1923             }
1924             catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aoe) {
1925                 try {
1926                     Arrays.parallelSort(a, 0, a.length + m);
1927 
1928                     failed("ParallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1929                         " as expected: toIndex = " + (a.length + m));
1930                 }
1931                 catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aie) {
1932                     return;
1933                 }
1934             }
1935         }
1936     }
1937 
1938     private static void checkRange(char[] a, int m) {
1939         try {
1940             Arrays.parallelSort(a, m + 1, m);
1941 
1942             failed("ParallelSort does not throw IllegalArgumentException " +
1943                 " as expected: fromIndex = " + (m + 1) +
1944                 " toIndex = " + m);
1945         }
1946         catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
1947             try {
1948                 Arrays.parallelSort(a, -m, a.length);
1949 
1950                 failed("ParallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1951                     " as expected: fromIndex = " + (-m));
1952             }
1953             catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aoe) {
1954                 try {
1955                     Arrays.parallelSort(a, 0, a.length + m);
1956 
1957                     failed("ParallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1958                         " as expected: toIndex = " + (a.length + m));
1959                 }
1960                 catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aie) {
1961                     return;
1962                 }
1963             }
1964         }
1965     }
1966 
1967     private static void checkRange(float[] a, int m) {
1968         try {
1969             Arrays.parallelSort(a, m + 1, m);
1970 
1971             failed("ParallelSort does not throw IllegalArgumentException " +
1972                 " as expected: fromIndex = " + (m + 1) +
1973                 " toIndex = " + m);
1974         }
1975         catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
1976             try {
1977                 Arrays.parallelSort(a, -m, a.length);
1978 
1979                 failed("ParallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1980                     " as expected: fromIndex = " + (-m));
1981             }
1982             catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aoe) {
1983                 try {
1984                     Arrays.parallelSort(a, 0, a.length + m);
1985 
1986                     failed("ParallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1987                         " as expected: toIndex = " + (a.length + m));
1988                 }
1989                 catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aie) {
1990                     return;
1991                 }
1992             }
1993         }
1994     }
1995 
1996     private static void checkRange(double[] a, int m) {
1997         try {
1998             Arrays.parallelSort(a, m + 1, m);
1999 
2000             failed("ParallelSort does not throw IllegalArgumentException " +
2001                 " as expected: fromIndex = " + (m + 1) +
2002                 " toIndex = " + m);
2003         }
2004         catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
2005             try {
2006                 Arrays.parallelSort(a, -m, a.length);
2007 
2008                 failed("ParallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
2009                     " as expected: fromIndex = " + (-m));
2010             }
2011             catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aoe) {
2012                 try {
2013                     Arrays.parallelSort(a, 0, a.length + m);
2014 
2015                     failed("ParallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
2016                         " as expected: toIndex = " + (a.length + m));
2017                 }
2018                 catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aie) {
2019                     return;
2020                 }
2021             }
2022         }
2023     }
2024 
2025     private static void outArray(Object[] a) {
2026         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
2027             out.print(a[i] + " ");
2028         }
2029         out.println();
2030     }
2031 
2032     private static void outArray(int[] a) {
2033         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
2034             out.print(a[i] + " ");
2035         }


   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2011, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  */
  23 
  24 /* Adapted from test/java/util/Arrays/Sorting.java
  25  *
  26  * To generate the source of this class, take the source of Sorting.java
  27  * and replace "Arrays.sort' by "Arrays.parallelSort'.
  28  *
  29  * Where that test checks Arrays.sort against manual quicksort routines,
  30  * this test checks parallelSort against manual quicksort routines.

  31  */
  32 
  33 /*
  34  * @test
  35  * @bug 8003981
  36  * @run main ParallelSorting -shortrun
  37  * @summary Exercise Arrays.parallelSort
  38  *
  39  * @author Vladimir Yaroslavskiy
  40  * @author Jon Bentley
  41  * @author Josh Bloch
  42  */
  43 
  44 import java.io.PrintStream;
  45 import java.util.Arrays;
  46 import java.util.Random;

  47 import java.util.Comparator;
  48 
  49 public class ParallelSorting {
  50 
  51     private static final PrintStream out = System.out;
  52     private static final PrintStream err = System.err;
  53 
  54     // Array lengths used in a long run (default)
  55     private static final int[] LONG_RUN_LENGTHS = {
  56         1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 100, 1000, 10000, 100000, 1000000 };
  57 
  58     // Array lengths used in a short run
  59     private static final int[] SHORT_RUN_LENGTHS = {
  60         1, 2, 3, 21, 55, 1000, 10000, 12000 };
  61 
  62     // Random initial values used in a long run (default)
  63     private static final long[] LONG_RUN_RANDOMS = { 666, 0xC0FFEE, 999 };
  64 
  65     // Random initial values used in a short run
  66     private static final long[] SHORT_RUN_RANDOMS = { 666 };
  67 
  68     // Constant values used in subarray sorting
  69     private static final int A380 = 0xA380;
  70     private static final int B747 = 0xB747;
  71 
  72     public static void main(String[] args) {
  73         boolean shortRun = args.length > 0 && args[0].equals("-shortrun");
  74         long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
  75 
  76         if (shortRun) {
  77             testAndCheck(SHORT_RUN_LENGTHS, SHORT_RUN_RANDOMS);
  78         } else {
  79             testAndCheck(LONG_RUN_LENGTHS, LONG_RUN_RANDOMS);
  80         }
  81         long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
  82 
  83         out.format("PASSED in %d sec.\n", Math.round((end - start) / 1E3));
  84     }
  85 
  86     private static void testAndCheck(int[] lengths, long[] randoms) {
  87         testEmptyAndNullIntArray();
  88         testEmptyAndNullLongArray();
  89         testEmptyAndNullShortArray();
  90         testEmptyAndNullCharArray();
  91         testEmptyAndNullByteArray();
  92         testEmptyAndNullFloatArray();
  93         testEmptyAndNullDoubleArray();
  94 
  95         for (int length : lengths) {
  96             testMergingSort(length);
  97             testAndCheckRange(length);
  98             testAndCheckSubArray(length);
  99         }
 100         for (long seed : randoms) {
 101             for (int length : lengths) {
 102                 testAndCheckWithInsertionSort(length, new MyRandom(seed));
 103                 testAndCheckWithCheckSum(length, new MyRandom(seed));
 104                 testAndCheckWithScrambling(length, new MyRandom(seed));
 105                 testAndCheckFloat(length, new MyRandom(seed));
 106                 testAndCheckDouble(length, new MyRandom(seed));
 107                 testStable(length, new MyRandom(seed));
 108             }
 109         }
 110     }
 111 
 112     private static void testEmptyAndNullIntArray() {
 113         ourDescription = "Check empty and null array";
 114         Arrays.parallelSort(new int[] {});
 115         Arrays.parallelSort(new int[] {}, 0, 0);
 116 
 117         try {
 118             Arrays.parallelSort((int[]) null);
 119         } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
 120             try {
 121                 Arrays.parallelSort((int[]) null, 0, 0);
 122             } catch (NullPointerException expected2) {
 123                 return;
 124             }
 125             failed("Arrays.parallelSort(int[],fromIndex,toIndex) shouldn't " +
 126                 "catch null array");
 127         }
 128         failed("Arrays.parallelSort(int[]) shouldn't catch null array");
 129     }
 130 
 131     private static void testEmptyAndNullLongArray() {
 132         ourDescription = "Check empty and null array";
 133         Arrays.parallelSort(new long[] {});
 134         Arrays.parallelSort(new long[] {}, 0, 0);
 135 
 136         try {
 137             Arrays.parallelSort((long[]) null);
 138         } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
 139             try {
 140                 Arrays.parallelSort((long[]) null, 0, 0);
 141             } catch (NullPointerException expected2) {
 142                 return;
 143             }
 144             failed("Arrays.parallelSort(long[],fromIndex,toIndex) shouldn't " +
 145                 "catch null array");
 146         }
 147         failed("Arrays.parallelSort(long[]) shouldn't catch null array");
 148     }
 149 
 150     private static void testEmptyAndNullShortArray() {
 151         ourDescription = "Check empty and null array";
 152         Arrays.parallelSort(new short[] {});
 153         Arrays.parallelSort(new short[] {}, 0, 0);
 154 
 155         try {
 156             Arrays.parallelSort((short[]) null);
 157         } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
 158             try {
 159                 Arrays.parallelSort((short[]) null, 0, 0);
 160             } catch (NullPointerException expected2) {
 161                 return;
 162             }
 163             failed("Arrays.parallelSort(short[],fromIndex,toIndex) shouldn't " +
 164                 "catch null array");
 165         }
 166         failed("Arrays.parallelSort(short[]) shouldn't catch null array");
 167     }
 168 
 169     private static void testEmptyAndNullCharArray() {
 170         ourDescription = "Check empty and null array";
 171         Arrays.parallelSort(new char[] {});
 172         Arrays.parallelSort(new char[] {}, 0, 0);
 173 
 174         try {
 175             Arrays.parallelSort((char[]) null);
 176         } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
 177             try {
 178                 Arrays.parallelSort((char[]) null, 0, 0);
 179             } catch (NullPointerException expected2) {
 180                 return;
 181             }
 182             failed("Arrays.parallelSort(char[],fromIndex,toIndex) shouldn't " +
 183                 "catch null array");
 184         }
 185         failed("Arrays.parallelSort(char[]) shouldn't catch null array");
 186     }
 187 
 188     private static void testEmptyAndNullByteArray() {
 189         ourDescription = "Check empty and null array";
 190         Arrays.parallelSort(new byte[] {});
 191         Arrays.parallelSort(new byte[] {}, 0, 0);
 192 
 193         try {
 194             Arrays.parallelSort((byte[]) null);
 195         } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
 196             try {
 197                 Arrays.parallelSort((byte[]) null, 0, 0);
 198             } catch (NullPointerException expected2) {
 199                 return;
 200             }
 201             failed("Arrays.parallelSort(byte[],fromIndex,toIndex) shouldn't " +
 202                 "catch null array");
 203         }
 204         failed("Arrays.parallelSort(byte[]) shouldn't catch null array");
 205     }
 206 
 207     private static void testEmptyAndNullFloatArray() {
 208         ourDescription = "Check empty and null array";
 209         Arrays.parallelSort(new float[] {});
 210         Arrays.parallelSort(new float[] {}, 0, 0);
 211 
 212         try {
 213             Arrays.parallelSort((float[]) null);
 214         } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
 215             try {
 216                 Arrays.parallelSort((float[]) null, 0, 0);
 217             } catch (NullPointerException expected2) {
 218                 return;
 219             }
 220             failed("Arrays.parallelSort(float[],fromIndex,toIndex) shouldn't " +
 221                 "catch null array");
 222         }
 223         failed("Arrays.parallelSort(float[]) shouldn't catch null array");
 224     }
 225 
 226     private static void testEmptyAndNullDoubleArray() {
 227         ourDescription = "Check empty and null array";
 228         Arrays.parallelSort(new double[] {});
 229         Arrays.parallelSort(new double[] {}, 0, 0);
 230 
 231         try {
 232             Arrays.parallelSort((double[]) null);
 233         } catch (NullPointerException expected) {
 234             try {
 235                 Arrays.parallelSort((double[]) null, 0, 0);
 236             } catch (NullPointerException expected2) {
 237                 return;
 238             }
 239             failed("Arrays.parallelSort(double[],fromIndex,toIndex) shouldn't " +
 240                 "catch null array");
 241         }
 242         failed("Arrays.parallelSort(double[]) shouldn't catch null array");
 243     }
 244 
 245     private static void testAndCheckSubArray(int length) {
 246         ourDescription = "Check sorting of subarray";
 247         int[] golden = new int[length];
 248         boolean newLine = false;
 249 


 285             }
 286         }
 287         out.println();
 288     }
 289 
 290     private static void testStable(int length, MyRandom random) {
 291         ourDescription = "Check if sorting is stable";
 292         Pair[] a = build(length, random);
 293 
 294         out.println("Test 'stable': " + "random = " + random.getSeed() +
 295             ", length = " + length);
 296         Arrays.parallelSort(a);
 297         checkSorted(a);
 298         checkStable(a);
 299         out.println();
 300 
 301         a = build(length, random);
 302 
 303         out.println("Test 'stable' comparator: " + "random = " + random.getSeed() +
 304             ", length = " + length);
 305         Arrays.parallelSort(a, pairComparator);
 306         checkSorted(a);
 307         checkStable(a);
 308         out.println();

 309     }
 310 
 311     private static void checkSorted(Pair[] a) {
 312         for (int i = 0; i < a.length - 1; i++) {
 313             if (a[i].getKey() > a[i + 1].getKey()) {
 314                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i].getKey(), "" + a[i + 1].getKey());
 315             }
 316         }
 317     }
 318 
 319     private static void checkStable(Pair[] a) {
 320         for (int i = 0; i < a.length / 4; ) {
 321             int key1 = a[i].getKey();
 322             int value1 = a[i++].getValue();
 323             int key2 = a[i].getKey();
 324             int value2 = a[i++].getValue();
 325             int key3 = a[i].getKey();
 326             int value3 = a[i++].getValue();
 327             int key4 = a[i].getKey();
 328             int value4 = a[i++].getValue();


 335                 failed("Sorting is not stable at position " + i +
 336                     ". Second values have been changed: " +  value1 + ", " +
 337                     value2 + ", " + value3 + ", " + value4);
 338             }
 339         }
 340     }
 341 
 342     private static Pair[] build(int length, Random random) {
 343         Pair[] a = new Pair[length * 4];
 344 
 345         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; ) {
 346             int key = random.nextInt();
 347             a[i++] = new Pair(key, 1);
 348             a[i++] = new Pair(key, 2);
 349             a[i++] = new Pair(key, 3);
 350             a[i++] = new Pair(key, 4);
 351         }
 352         return a;
 353     }
 354 
 355     private static Comparator<Pair> pairComparator = new Comparator<Pair>() {
 356         public int compare(Pair p1, Pair p2) {
 357             return p1.compareTo(p2);
 358         }
 359     };
 360 
 361     private static final class Pair implements Comparable<Pair> {
 362         Pair(int key, int value) {
 363             myKey = key;
 364             myValue = value;
 365         }
 366 
 367         int getKey() {
 368             return myKey;
 369         }
 370 
 371         int getValue() {
 372             return myValue;
 373         }
 374 
 375         public int compareTo(Pair pair) {


 403             for (UnsortedBuilder builder : UnsortedBuilder.values()) {
 404                 builder.build(golden, m, random);
 405                 int[] test = golden.clone();
 406 
 407                 for (TypeConverter converter : TypeConverter.values()) {
 408                     out.println("Test 'insertion sort': " + converter +
 409                         " " + builder + "random = " + random.getSeed() +
 410                         ", length = " + length + ", m = " + m);
 411                     Object convertedGolden = converter.convert(golden);
 412                     Object convertedTest1 = converter.convert(test);
 413                     Object convertedTest2 = converter.convert(test);
 414                     sort(convertedTest1);
 415                     sortByInsertionSort(convertedTest2);
 416                     compare(convertedTest1, convertedTest2);
 417                 }
 418             }
 419         }
 420         out.println();
 421     }
 422 
 423     private static void testMergingSort(int length) {
 424         if (length < 1000) {
 425             return;
 426         }
 427         ourDescription = "Check merging sort";
 428         int[] golden = new int[length];
 429         final int period = 50;
 430 
 431         for (int m = period - 2; m <= period + 2; m++) {
 432             for (MergingBuilder builder : MergingBuilder.values()) {
 433                 builder.build(golden, m);
 434                 int[] test = golden.clone();
 435 
 436                 for (TypeConverter converter : TypeConverter.values()) {
 437                     out.println("Test 'merging sort': " + converter + " " +
 438                         builder + "length = " + length + ", m = " + m);
 439                     Object convertedGolden = converter.convert(golden);
 440                     sort(convertedGolden);
 441                     checkSorted(convertedGolden);
 442                 }
 443             }
 444         }
 445         out.println();
 446     }
 447 
 448     private static void testAndCheckWithCheckSum(int length, MyRandom random) {
 449         ourDescription = "Check sorting with check sum";
 450         int[] golden = new int[length];
 451 
 452         for (int m = 1; m < 2 * length; m *= 2) {
 453             for (UnsortedBuilder builder : UnsortedBuilder.values()) {
 454                 builder.build(golden, m, random);
 455                 int[] test = golden.clone();
 456 
 457                 for (TypeConverter converter : TypeConverter.values()) {


 481                 int[] test = golden.clone();
 482                 scramble(test, random);
 483 
 484                 for (TypeConverter converter : TypeConverter.values()) {
 485                     out.println("Test 'scrambling': " + converter +
 486                        " " + builder + "random = " + random.getSeed() +
 487                        ", length = " + length + ", m = " + m);
 488                     Object convertedGolden = converter.convert(golden);
 489                     Object convertedTest = converter.convert(test);
 490                     sort(convertedTest);
 491                     compare(convertedTest, convertedGolden);
 492                 }
 493             }
 494         }
 495         out.println();
 496     }
 497 
 498     private static void testAndCheckFloat(int length, MyRandom random) {
 499         ourDescription = "Check float sorting";
 500         float[] golden = new float[length];

 501         boolean newLine = false;
 502         final int MAX = 12;
 503 
 504         for (int a = 0; a <= MAX; a++) {
 505             for (int g = 0; g <= MAX; g++) {
 506                 for (int z = 0; z <= MAX; z++) {
 507                     for (int n = 0; n <= MAX; n++) {
 508                         for (int p = 0; p <= MAX; p++) {
 509                             if (a + g + z + n + p != length) {



 510                                 continue;
 511                             }
 512                             for (FloatBuilder builder : FloatBuilder.values()) {
 513                                 out.println("Test 'float': random = " + random.getSeed() +
 514                                    ", length = " + length + ", a = " + a + ", g = " +
 515                                    g + ", z = " + z + ", n = " + n + ", p = " + p);
 516                                 builder.build(golden, a, g, z, n, p, random);
 517                                 float[] test = golden.clone();
 518                                 scramble(test, random);
 519                                 sort(test);
 520                                 compare(test, golden, a, n, g);
 521                             }
 522                             newLine = true;
 523                         }
 524                     }
 525                 }
 526             }
 527         }
 528         if (newLine) {
 529             out.println();


 553                                    g + ", z = " + z + ", n = " + n + ", p = " + p);
 554                                 builder.build(golden, a, g, z, n, p, random);
 555                                 double[] test = golden.clone();
 556                                 scramble(test, random);
 557                                 sort(test);
 558                                 compare(test, golden, a, n, g);
 559                             }
 560                             newLine = true;
 561                         }
 562                     }
 563                 }
 564             }
 565         }
 566         if (newLine) {
 567             out.println();
 568         }
 569     }
 570 
 571     private static void prepareSubArray(int[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
 572         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
 573             a[i] = A380;
 574         }
 575         int middle = (fromIndex + toIndex) >>> 1;
 576         int k = 0;
 577 
 578         for (int i = fromIndex; i < middle; i++) {
 579             a[i] = k++;
 580         }
 581         for (int i = middle; i < toIndex; i++) {
 582             a[i] = k--;
 583         }
 584         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
 585             a[i] = B747;
 586         }
 587     }
 588 
 589     private static void scramble(int[] a, Random random) {
 590         for (int i = 0; i < a.length * 7; i++) {
 591             swap(a, random.nextInt(a.length), random.nextInt(a.length));
 592         }
 593     }
 594 
 595     private static void scramble(float[] a, Random random) {
 596         for (int i = 0; i < a.length * 7; i++) {
 597             swap(a, random.nextInt(a.length), random.nextInt(a.length));
 598         }
 599     }
 600 
 601     private static void scramble(double[] a, Random random) {
 602         for (int i = 0; i < a.length * 7; i++) {
 603             swap(a, random.nextInt(a.length), random.nextInt(a.length));
 604         }
 605     }


 676                     b[i] = (float) a[i];
 677                 }
 678                 return b;
 679             }
 680         },
 681         DOUBLE {
 682             Object convert(int[] a) {
 683                 double[] b = new double[a.length];
 684 
 685                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
 686                     b[i] = (double) a[i];
 687                 }
 688                 return b;
 689             }
 690         },
 691         INTEGER {
 692             Object convert(int[] a) {
 693                 Integer[] b = new Integer[a.length];
 694 
 695                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
 696                     b[i] = Integer.valueOf(a[i]);
 697                 }
 698                 return b;
 699             }
 700         };
 701 
 702         abstract Object convert(int[] a);
 703 
 704         @Override
 705         public String toString() {
 706             String name = name();
 707 
 708             for (int i = name.length(); i < 9; i++) {
 709                 name += " ";
 710             }
 711             return name;
 712         }
 713     }
 714 
 715     private static enum FloatBuilder {
 716         SIMPLE {
 717             void build(float[] x, int a, int g, int z, int n, int p, Random random) {
 718                 int fromIndex = 0;
 719                 float negativeValue = -random.nextFloat();
 720                 float positiveValue =  random.nextFloat();
 721 
 722                 writeValue(x, negativeValue, fromIndex, n);
 723                 fromIndex += n;
 724 
 725                 writeValue(x, -0.0f, fromIndex, g);


 838             }
 839         },
 840         ORGAN_PIPES {
 841             void build(int[] a, int m) {
 842                 int i = 0;
 843                 int k = m;
 844 
 845                 while (true) {
 846                     for (int t = 1; t <= m; t++) {
 847                         if (i >= a.length) {
 848                             return;
 849                         }
 850                         a[i++] = k;
 851                     }
 852                 }
 853             }
 854         };
 855 
 856         abstract void build(int[] a, int m);
 857 
 858         @Override
 859         public String toString() {
 860             String name = name();
 861 
 862             for (int i = name.length(); i < 12; i++) {
 863                 name += " ";
 864             }
 865             return name;
 866         }
 867     }
 868 
 869     private static enum MergingBuilder {
 870         ASCENDING {
 871             void build(int[] a, int m) {
 872                 int period = a.length / m;
 873                 int v = 1, i = 0;
 874 
 875                 for (int k = 0; k < m; k++) {
 876                     v = 1;
 877                     for (int p = 0; p < period; p++) {
 878                         a[i++] = v++;
 879                     }
 880                 }
 881                 for (int j = i; j < a.length - 1; j++) {
 882                     a[j] = v++;
 883                 }
 884                 a[a.length - 1] = 0;
 885             }
 886         },
 887         DESCENDING {
 888             void build(int[] a, int m) {
 889                 int period = a.length / m;
 890                 int v = -1, i = 0;
 891 
 892                 for (int k = 0; k < m; k++) {
 893                     v = -1;
 894                     for (int p = 0; p < period; p++) {
 895                         a[i++] = v--;
 896                     }
 897                 }
 898                 for (int j = i; j < a.length - 1; j++) {
 899                     a[j] = v--;
 900                 }
 901                 a[a.length - 1] = 0;
 902             }
 903         },
 904         POINT {
 905             void build(int[] a, int m) {
 906                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
 907                     a[i] = 0;
 908                 }
 909                 a[a.length / 2] = m;
 910             }
 911         },
 912         LINE {
 913             void build(int[] a, int m) {
 914                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
 915                     a[i] = i;
 916                 }
 917                 reverse(a, 0, a.length - 1);
 918             }
 919         },
 920         PEARL {
 921             void build(int[] a, int m) {
 922                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
 923                     a[i] = i;
 924                 }
 925                 reverse(a, 0, 2);
 926             }
 927         },
 928         RING {
 929             void build(int[] a, int m) {
 930                 int k1 = a.length / 3;
 931                 int k2 = a.length / 3 * 2;
 932                 int level = a.length / 3;
 933 
 934                 for (int i = 0, k = level; i < k1; i++) {
 935                     a[i] = k--;
 936                 }
 937                 for (int i = k1; i < k2; i++) {
 938                     a[i] = 0;
 939                 }
 940                 for (int i = k2, k = level; i < a.length; i++) {
 941                     a[i] = k--;
 942                 }
 943             }
 944         };
 945 
 946         abstract void build(int[] a, int m);
 947 
 948         @Override
 949         public String toString() {
 950             String name = name();
 951 
 952             for (int i = name.length(); i < 12; i++) {
 953                 name += " ";
 954             }
 955             return name;
 956         }
 957     }
 958 
 959     private static void reverse(int[] a, int lo, int hi) {
 960         for (--hi; lo < hi; ) {
 961             int tmp = a[lo];
 962             a[lo++] = a[hi];
 963             a[hi--] = tmp;
 964         }
 965     }
 966 
 967     private static enum UnsortedBuilder {
 968         RANDOM {
 969             void build(int[] a, int m, Random random) {
 970                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
 971                     a[i] = random.nextInt();
 972                 }
 973             }
 974         },
 975         ASCENDING {
 976             void build(int[] a, int m, Random random) {
 977                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
 978                     a[i] = m + i;
 979                 }
 980             }
 981         },
 982         DESCENDING {
 983             void build(int[] a, int m, Random random) {
 984                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
 985                     a[i] = a.length - m - i;
 986                 }


1053             }
1054         },
1055         PLATEAU {
1056             void build(int[] a, int m, Random random) {
1057                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
1058                     a[i] = Math.min(i, m);
1059                 }
1060             }
1061         },
1062         SHUFFLE {
1063             void build(int[] a, int m, Random random) {
1064                 int x = 0, y = 0;
1065                 for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
1066                     a[i] = random.nextBoolean() ? (x += 2) : (y += 2);
1067                 }
1068             }
1069         };
1070 
1071         abstract void build(int[] a, int m, Random random);
1072 
1073         @Override
1074         public String toString() {
1075             String name = name();
1076 
1077             for (int i = name.length(); i < 12; i++) {
1078                 name += " ";
1079             }
1080             return name;
1081         }
1082     }
1083 
1084     private static void checkWithCheckSum(Object test, Object golden) {
1085         checkSorted(test);
1086         checkCheckSum(test, golden);
1087     }
1088 
1089     private static void failed(String message) {
1090         err.format("\n*** TEST FAILED - %s.\n\n%s.\n\n", ourDescription, message);
1091         throw new RuntimeException("Test failed - see log file for details");
1092     }
1093 
1094     private static void failedSort(int index, String value1, String value2) {


1101     }
1102 
1103     private static void compare(Object test, Object golden) {
1104         if (test instanceof int[]) {
1105             compare((int[]) test, (int[]) golden);
1106         } else if (test instanceof long[]) {
1107             compare((long[]) test, (long[]) golden);
1108         } else if (test instanceof short[]) {
1109             compare((short[]) test, (short[]) golden);
1110         } else if (test instanceof byte[]) {
1111             compare((byte[]) test, (byte[]) golden);
1112         } else if (test instanceof char[]) {
1113             compare((char[]) test, (char[]) golden);
1114         } else if (test instanceof float[]) {
1115             compare((float[]) test, (float[]) golden);
1116         } else if (test instanceof double[]) {
1117             compare((double[]) test, (double[]) golden);
1118         } else if (test instanceof Integer[]) {
1119             compare((Integer[]) test, (Integer[]) golden);
1120         } else {
1121             failed("Unknown type of array: " + test + " of class " +
1122                 test.getClass().getName());
1123         }
1124     }
1125 
1126     private static void compare(int[] a, int[] b) {
1127         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
1128             if (a[i] != b[i]) {
1129                 failedCompare(i, "" + a[i], "" + b[i]);
1130             }
1131         }
1132     }
1133 
1134     private static void compare(long[] a, long[] b) {
1135         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
1136             if (a[i] != b[i]) {
1137                 failedCompare(i, "" + a[i], "" + b[i]);
1138             }
1139         }
1140     }
1141 


1188     }
1189 
1190     private static void checkSorted(Object object) {
1191         if (object instanceof int[]) {
1192             checkSorted((int[]) object);
1193         } else if (object instanceof long[]) {
1194             checkSorted((long[]) object);
1195         } else if (object instanceof short[]) {
1196             checkSorted((short[]) object);
1197         } else if (object instanceof byte[]) {
1198             checkSorted((byte[]) object);
1199         } else if (object instanceof char[]) {
1200             checkSorted((char[]) object);
1201         } else if (object instanceof float[]) {
1202             checkSorted((float[]) object);
1203         } else if (object instanceof double[]) {
1204             checkSorted((double[]) object);
1205         } else if (object instanceof Integer[]) {
1206             checkSorted((Integer[]) object);
1207         } else {
1208             failed("Unknown type of array: " + object + " of class " +
1209                 object.getClass().getName());
1210         }
1211     }
1212 
1213     private static void checkSorted(int[] a) {
1214         for (int i = 0; i < a.length - 1; i++) {
1215             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1216                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1217             }
1218         }
1219     }
1220 
1221     private static void checkSorted(long[] a) {
1222         for (int i = 0; i < a.length - 1; i++) {
1223             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1224                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1225             }
1226         }
1227     }
1228 


1284     }
1285 
1286     private static int checkSumXor(Object object) {
1287         if (object instanceof int[]) {
1288             return checkSumXor((int[]) object);
1289         } else if (object instanceof long[]) {
1290             return checkSumXor((long[]) object);
1291         } else if (object instanceof short[]) {
1292             return checkSumXor((short[]) object);
1293         } else if (object instanceof byte[]) {
1294             return checkSumXor((byte[]) object);
1295         } else if (object instanceof char[]) {
1296             return checkSumXor((char[]) object);
1297         } else if (object instanceof float[]) {
1298             return checkSumXor((float[]) object);
1299         } else if (object instanceof double[]) {
1300             return checkSumXor((double[]) object);
1301         } else if (object instanceof Integer[]) {
1302             return checkSumXor((Integer[]) object);
1303         } else {
1304             failed("Unknown type of array: " + object + " of class " +
1305                 object.getClass().getName());
1306             return -1;
1307         }
1308     }
1309 
1310     private static int checkSumXor(Integer[] a) {
1311         int checkSum = 0;
1312 
1313         for (Integer e : a) {
1314             checkSum ^= e.intValue();
1315         }
1316         return checkSum;
1317     }
1318 
1319     private static int checkSumXor(int[] a) {
1320         int checkSum = 0;
1321 
1322         for (int e : a) {
1323             checkSum ^= e;
1324         }


1380     }
1381 
1382     private static int checkSumPlus(Object object) {
1383         if (object instanceof int[]) {
1384             return checkSumPlus((int[]) object);
1385         } else if (object instanceof long[]) {
1386             return checkSumPlus((long[]) object);
1387         } else if (object instanceof short[]) {
1388             return checkSumPlus((short[]) object);
1389         } else if (object instanceof byte[]) {
1390             return checkSumPlus((byte[]) object);
1391         } else if (object instanceof char[]) {
1392             return checkSumPlus((char[]) object);
1393         } else if (object instanceof float[]) {
1394             return checkSumPlus((float[]) object);
1395         } else if (object instanceof double[]) {
1396             return checkSumPlus((double[]) object);
1397         } else if (object instanceof Integer[]) {
1398             return checkSumPlus((Integer[]) object);
1399         } else {
1400             failed("Unknown type of array: " + object + " of class " +
1401                 object.getClass().getName());
1402             return -1;
1403         }
1404     }
1405 
1406     private static int checkSumPlus(int[] a) {
1407         int checkSum = 0;
1408 
1409         for (int e : a) {
1410             checkSum += e;
1411         }
1412         return checkSum;
1413     }
1414 
1415     private static int checkSumPlus(long[] a) {
1416         long checkSum = 0;
1417 
1418         for (long e : a) {
1419             checkSum += e;
1420         }


1476     }
1477 
1478     private static void sortByInsertionSort(Object object) {
1479         if (object instanceof int[]) {
1480             sortByInsertionSort((int[]) object);
1481         } else if (object instanceof long[]) {
1482             sortByInsertionSort((long[]) object);
1483         } else if (object instanceof short[]) {
1484             sortByInsertionSort((short[]) object);
1485         } else if (object instanceof byte[]) {
1486             sortByInsertionSort((byte[]) object);
1487         } else if (object instanceof char[]) {
1488             sortByInsertionSort((char[]) object);
1489         } else if (object instanceof float[]) {
1490             sortByInsertionSort((float[]) object);
1491         } else if (object instanceof double[]) {
1492             sortByInsertionSort((double[]) object);
1493         } else if (object instanceof Integer[]) {
1494             sortByInsertionSort((Integer[]) object);
1495         } else {
1496             failed("Unknown type of array: " + object + " of class " +
1497                 object.getClass().getName());
1498         }
1499     }
1500 
1501     private static void sortByInsertionSort(int[] a) {
1502         for (int j, i = 1; i < a.length; i++) {
1503             int ai = a[i];
1504             for (j = i - 1; j >= 0 && ai < a[j]; j--) {
1505                 a[j + 1] = a[j];
1506             }
1507             a[j + 1] = ai;
1508         }
1509     }
1510 
1511     private static void sortByInsertionSort(long[] a) {
1512         for (int j, i = 1; i < a.length; i++) {
1513             long ai = a[i];
1514             for (j = i - 1; j >= 0 && ai < a[j]; j--) {
1515                 a[j + 1] = a[j];
1516             }


1579     }
1580 
1581     private static void sort(Object object) {
1582         if (object instanceof int[]) {
1583             Arrays.parallelSort((int[]) object);
1584         } else if (object instanceof long[]) {
1585             Arrays.parallelSort((long[]) object);
1586         } else if (object instanceof short[]) {
1587             Arrays.parallelSort((short[]) object);
1588         } else if (object instanceof byte[]) {
1589             Arrays.parallelSort((byte[]) object);
1590         } else if (object instanceof char[]) {
1591             Arrays.parallelSort((char[]) object);
1592         } else if (object instanceof float[]) {
1593             Arrays.parallelSort((float[]) object);
1594         } else if (object instanceof double[]) {
1595             Arrays.parallelSort((double[]) object);
1596         } else if (object instanceof Integer[]) {
1597             Arrays.parallelSort((Integer[]) object);
1598         } else {
1599             failed("Unknown type of array: " + object + " of class " +
1600                 object.getClass().getName());
1601         }
1602     }
1603 
1604     private static void sortSubArray(Object object, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
1605         if (object instanceof int[]) {
1606             Arrays.parallelSort((int[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex);
1607         } else if (object instanceof long[]) {
1608             Arrays.parallelSort((long[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex);
1609         } else if (object instanceof short[]) {
1610             Arrays.parallelSort((short[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex);
1611         } else if (object instanceof byte[]) {
1612             Arrays.parallelSort((byte[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex);
1613         } else if (object instanceof char[]) {
1614             Arrays.parallelSort((char[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex);
1615         } else if (object instanceof float[]) {
1616             Arrays.parallelSort((float[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex);
1617         } else if (object instanceof double[]) {
1618             Arrays.parallelSort((double[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex);
1619         } else if (object instanceof Integer[]) {
1620             Arrays.parallelSort((Integer[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex);
1621         } else {
1622             failed("Unknown type of array: " + object + " of class " +
1623                 object.getClass().getName());
1624         }
1625     }
1626 
1627     private static void checkSubArray(Object object, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1628         if (object instanceof int[]) {
1629             checkSubArray((int[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex, m);
1630         } else if (object instanceof long[]) {
1631             checkSubArray((long[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex, m);
1632         } else if (object instanceof short[]) {
1633             checkSubArray((short[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex, m);
1634         } else if (object instanceof byte[]) {
1635             checkSubArray((byte[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex, m);
1636         } else if (object instanceof char[]) {
1637             checkSubArray((char[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex, m);
1638         } else if (object instanceof float[]) {
1639             checkSubArray((float[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex, m);
1640         } else if (object instanceof double[]) {
1641             checkSubArray((double[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex, m);
1642         } else if (object instanceof Integer[]) {
1643             checkSubArray((Integer[]) object, fromIndex, toIndex, m);
1644         } else {
1645             failed("Unknown type of array: " + object + " of class " +
1646                 object.getClass().getName());
1647         }
1648     }
1649 
1650     private static void checkSubArray(Integer[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1651         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
1652             if (a[i].intValue() != A380) {
1653                 failed("Range sort changes left element on position " + i +
1654                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + A380);
1655             }
1656         }
1657 
1658         for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex - 1; i++) {
1659             if (a[i].intValue() > a[i + 1].intValue()) {
1660                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1661             }
1662         }
1663 
1664         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
1665             if (a[i].intValue() != B747) {
1666                 failed("Range sort changes right element on position " + i +
1667                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + B747);
1668             }
1669         }
1670     }
1671 
1672     private static void checkSubArray(int[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1673         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
1674             if (a[i] != A380) {
1675                 failed("Range sort changes left element on position " + i +
1676                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + A380);
1677             }
1678         }
1679 
1680         for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex - 1; i++) {
1681             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1682                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1683             }
1684         }
1685 
1686         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
1687             if (a[i] != B747) {
1688                 failed("Range sort changes right element on position " + i +
1689                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + B747);
1690             }
1691         }
1692     }
1693 
1694     private static void checkSubArray(byte[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1695         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
1696             if (a[i] != (byte) A380) {
1697                 failed("Range sort changes left element on position " + i +
1698                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + A380);
1699             }
1700         }
1701 
1702         for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex - 1; i++) {
1703             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1704                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1705             }
1706         }
1707 
1708         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
1709             if (a[i] != (byte) B747) {
1710                 failed("Range sort changes right element on position " + i +
1711                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + B747);
1712             }
1713         }
1714     }
1715 
1716     private static void checkSubArray(long[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1717         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
1718             if (a[i] != (long) A380) {
1719                 failed("Range sort changes left element on position " + i +
1720                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + A380);
1721             }
1722         }
1723 
1724         for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex - 1; i++) {
1725             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1726                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1727             }
1728         }
1729 
1730         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
1731             if (a[i] != (long) B747) {
1732                 failed("Range sort changes right element on position " + i +
1733                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + B747);
1734             }
1735         }
1736     }
1737 
1738     private static void checkSubArray(char[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1739         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
1740             if (a[i] != (char) A380) {
1741                 failed("Range sort changes left element on position " + i +
1742                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + A380);
1743             }
1744         }
1745 
1746         for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex - 1; i++) {
1747             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1748                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1749             }
1750         }
1751 
1752         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
1753             if (a[i] != (char) B747) {
1754                 failed("Range sort changes right element on position " + i +
1755                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + B747);
1756             }
1757         }
1758     }
1759 
1760     private static void checkSubArray(short[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1761         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
1762             if (a[i] != (short) A380) {
1763                 failed("Range sort changes left element on position " + i +
1764                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + A380);
1765             }
1766         }
1767 
1768         for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex - 1; i++) {
1769             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1770                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1771             }
1772         }
1773 
1774         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
1775             if (a[i] != (short) B747) {
1776                 failed("Range sort changes right element on position " + i +
1777                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + B747);
1778             }
1779         }
1780     }
1781 
1782     private static void checkSubArray(float[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1783         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
1784             if (a[i] != (float) A380) {
1785                 failed("Range sort changes left element on position " + i +
1786                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + A380);
1787             }
1788         }
1789 
1790         for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex - 1; i++) {
1791             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1792                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1793             }
1794         }
1795 
1796         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
1797             if (a[i] != (float) B747) {
1798                 failed("Range sort changes right element on position " + i +
1799                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + B747);
1800             }
1801         }
1802     }
1803 
1804     private static void checkSubArray(double[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int m) {
1805         for (int i = 0; i < fromIndex; i++) {
1806             if (a[i] != (double) A380) {
1807                 failed("Range sort changes left element on position " + i +
1808                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + A380);
1809             }
1810         }
1811 
1812         for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex - 1; i++) {
1813             if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
1814                 failedSort(i, "" + a[i], "" + a[i + 1]);
1815             }
1816         }
1817 
1818         for (int i = toIndex; i < a.length; i++) {
1819             if (a[i] != (double) B747) {
1820                 failed("Range sort changes right element on position " + i +
1821                     ": " + a[i] + ", must be " + B747);
1822             }
1823         }
1824     }
1825 
1826     private static void checkRange(Object object, int m) {
1827         if (object instanceof int[]) {
1828             checkRange((int[]) object, m);
1829         } else if (object instanceof long[]) {
1830             checkRange((long[]) object, m);
1831         } else if (object instanceof short[]) {
1832             checkRange((short[]) object, m);
1833         } else if (object instanceof byte[]) {
1834             checkRange((byte[]) object, m);
1835         } else if (object instanceof char[]) {
1836             checkRange((char[]) object, m);
1837         } else if (object instanceof float[]) {
1838             checkRange((float[]) object, m);
1839         } else if (object instanceof double[]) {
1840             checkRange((double[]) object, m);
1841         } else if (object instanceof Integer[]) {
1842             checkRange((Integer[]) object, m);
1843         } else {
1844             failed("Unknown type of array: " + object + " of class " +
1845                 object.getClass().getName());
1846         }
1847     }
1848 
1849     private static void checkRange(Integer[] a, int m) {
1850         try {
1851             Arrays.parallelSort(a, m + 1, m);
1852 
1853             failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw IllegalArgumentException " +
1854                 " as expected: fromIndex = " + (m + 1) +
1855                 " toIndex = " + m);
1856         }
1857         catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
1858             try {
1859                 Arrays.parallelSort(a, -m, a.length);
1860 
1861                 failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1862                     " as expected: fromIndex = " + (-m));
1863             }
1864             catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aoe) {
1865                 try {
1866                     Arrays.parallelSort(a, 0, a.length + m);
1867 
1868                     failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1869                         " as expected: toIndex = " + (a.length + m));
1870                 }
1871                 catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aie) {
1872                     return;
1873                 }
1874             }
1875         }
1876     }
1877 
1878     private static void checkRange(int[] a, int m) {
1879         try {
1880             Arrays.parallelSort(a, m + 1, m);
1881 
1882             failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw IllegalArgumentException " +
1883                 " as expected: fromIndex = " + (m + 1) +
1884                 " toIndex = " + m);
1885         }
1886         catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
1887             try {
1888                 Arrays.parallelSort(a, -m, a.length);
1889 
1890                 failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1891                     " as expected: fromIndex = " + (-m));
1892             }
1893             catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aoe) {
1894                 try {
1895                     Arrays.parallelSort(a, 0, a.length + m);
1896 
1897                     failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1898                         " as expected: toIndex = " + (a.length + m));
1899                 }
1900                 catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aie) {
1901                     return;
1902                 }
1903             }
1904         }
1905     }
1906 
1907     private static void checkRange(long[] a, int m) {
1908         try {
1909             Arrays.parallelSort(a, m + 1, m);
1910 
1911             failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw IllegalArgumentException " +
1912                 " as expected: fromIndex = " + (m + 1) +
1913                 " toIndex = " + m);
1914         }
1915         catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
1916             try {
1917                 Arrays.parallelSort(a, -m, a.length);
1918 
1919                 failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1920                     " as expected: fromIndex = " + (-m));
1921             }
1922             catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aoe) {
1923                 try {
1924                     Arrays.parallelSort(a, 0, a.length + m);
1925 
1926                     failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1927                         " as expected: toIndex = " + (a.length + m));
1928                 }
1929                 catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aie) {
1930                     return;
1931                 }
1932             }
1933         }
1934     }
1935 
1936     private static void checkRange(byte[] a, int m) {
1937         try {
1938             Arrays.parallelSort(a, m + 1, m);
1939 
1940             failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw IllegalArgumentException " +
1941                 " as expected: fromIndex = " + (m + 1) +
1942                 " toIndex = " + m);
1943         }
1944         catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
1945             try {
1946                 Arrays.parallelSort(a, -m, a.length);
1947 
1948                 failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1949                     " as expected: fromIndex = " + (-m));
1950             }
1951             catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aoe) {
1952                 try {
1953                     Arrays.parallelSort(a, 0, a.length + m);
1954 
1955                     failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1956                         " as expected: toIndex = " + (a.length + m));
1957                 }
1958                 catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aie) {
1959                     return;
1960                 }
1961             }
1962         }
1963     }
1964 
1965     private static void checkRange(short[] a, int m) {
1966         try {
1967             Arrays.parallelSort(a, m + 1, m);
1968 
1969             failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw IllegalArgumentException " +
1970                 " as expected: fromIndex = " + (m + 1) +
1971                 " toIndex = " + m);
1972         }
1973         catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
1974             try {
1975                 Arrays.parallelSort(a, -m, a.length);
1976 
1977                 failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1978                     " as expected: fromIndex = " + (-m));
1979             }
1980             catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aoe) {
1981                 try {
1982                     Arrays.parallelSort(a, 0, a.length + m);
1983 
1984                     failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
1985                         " as expected: toIndex = " + (a.length + m));
1986                 }
1987                 catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aie) {
1988                     return;
1989                 }
1990             }
1991         }
1992     }
1993 
1994     private static void checkRange(char[] a, int m) {
1995         try {
1996             Arrays.parallelSort(a, m + 1, m);
1997 
1998             failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw IllegalArgumentException " +
1999                 " as expected: fromIndex = " + (m + 1) +
2000                 " toIndex = " + m);
2001         }
2002         catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
2003             try {
2004                 Arrays.parallelSort(a, -m, a.length);
2005 
2006                 failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
2007                     " as expected: fromIndex = " + (-m));
2008             }
2009             catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aoe) {
2010                 try {
2011                     Arrays.parallelSort(a, 0, a.length + m);
2012 
2013                     failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
2014                         " as expected: toIndex = " + (a.length + m));
2015                 }
2016                 catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aie) {
2017                     return;
2018                 }
2019             }
2020         }
2021     }
2022 
2023     private static void checkRange(float[] a, int m) {
2024         try {
2025             Arrays.parallelSort(a, m + 1, m);
2026 
2027             failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw IllegalArgumentException " +
2028                 " as expected: fromIndex = " + (m + 1) +
2029                 " toIndex = " + m);
2030         }
2031         catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
2032             try {
2033                 Arrays.parallelSort(a, -m, a.length);
2034 
2035                 failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
2036                     " as expected: fromIndex = " + (-m));
2037             }
2038             catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aoe) {
2039                 try {
2040                     Arrays.parallelSort(a, 0, a.length + m);
2041 
2042                     failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
2043                         " as expected: toIndex = " + (a.length + m));
2044                 }
2045                 catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aie) {
2046                     return;
2047                 }
2048             }
2049         }
2050     }
2051 
2052     private static void checkRange(double[] a, int m) {
2053         try {
2054             Arrays.parallelSort(a, m + 1, m);
2055 
2056             failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw IllegalArgumentException " +
2057                 " as expected: fromIndex = " + (m + 1) +
2058                 " toIndex = " + m);
2059         }
2060         catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
2061             try {
2062                 Arrays.parallelSort(a, -m, a.length);
2063 
2064                 failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
2065                     " as expected: fromIndex = " + (-m));
2066             }
2067             catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aoe) {
2068                 try {
2069                     Arrays.parallelSort(a, 0, a.length + m);
2070 
2071                     failed("Arrays.parallelSort does not throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException " +
2072                         " as expected: toIndex = " + (a.length + m));
2073                 }
2074                 catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aie) {
2075                     return;
2076                 }
2077             }
2078         }
2079     }
2080 
2081     private static void outArray(Object[] a) {
2082         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
2083             out.print(a[i] + " ");
2084         }
2085         out.println();
2086     }
2087 
2088     private static void outArray(int[] a) {
2089         for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
2090             out.print(a[i] + " ");
2091         }


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