1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #ifndef SHARE_VM_OOPS_OOP_INLINE_HPP
  26 #define SHARE_VM_OOPS_OOP_INLINE_HPP
  27 
  28 #include "gc_implementation/shared/ageTable.hpp"
  29 #include "gc_implementation/shared/markSweep.inline.hpp"
  30 #include "gc_interface/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
  31 #include "memory/barrierSet.inline.hpp"
  32 #include "memory/cardTableModRefBS.hpp"
  33 #include "memory/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
  34 #include "memory/generation.hpp"
  35 #include "memory/specialized_oop_closures.hpp"
  36 #include "oops/arrayKlass.hpp"
  37 #include "oops/arrayOop.hpp"
  38 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
  39 #include "oops/markOop.inline.hpp"
  40 #include "oops/oop.hpp"
  41 #include "runtime/atomic.inline.hpp"
  42 #include "runtime/orderAccess.inline.hpp"
  43 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
  44 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  45 #ifdef TARGET_ARCH_x86
  46 # include "bytes_x86.hpp"
  47 #endif
  48 #ifdef TARGET_ARCH_aarch64
  49 # include "bytes_aarch64.hpp"
  50 #endif
  51 #ifdef TARGET_ARCH_sparc
  52 # include "bytes_sparc.hpp"
  53 #endif
  54 #ifdef TARGET_ARCH_zero
  55 # include "bytes_zero.hpp"
  56 #endif
  57 #ifdef TARGET_ARCH_arm
  58 # include "bytes_arm.hpp"
  59 #endif
  60 #ifdef TARGET_ARCH_ppc
  61 # include "bytes_ppc.hpp"
  62 #endif
  63 
  64 // Implementation of all inlined member functions defined in oop.hpp
  65 // We need a separate file to avoid circular references
  66 
  67 inline void oopDesc::release_set_mark(markOop m) {
  68   OrderAccess::release_store_ptr(&_mark, m);
  69 }
  70 
  71 inline markOop oopDesc::cas_set_mark(markOop new_mark, markOop old_mark) {
  72   return (markOop) Atomic::cmpxchg_ptr(new_mark, &_mark, old_mark);
  73 }
  74 
  75 inline Klass* oopDesc::klass() const {
  76   if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
  77     return Klass::decode_klass_not_null(_metadata._compressed_klass);
  78   } else {
  79     return _metadata._klass;
  80   }
  81 }
  82 
  83 inline Klass* oopDesc::klass_or_null() const volatile {
  84   if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
  85     return Klass::decode_klass(_metadata._compressed_klass);
  86   } else {
  87     return _metadata._klass;
  88   }
  89 }
  90 
  91 inline Klass* oopDesc::klass_or_null_acquire() const volatile {
  92   if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
  93     // Workaround for non-const load_acquire parameter.
  94     const volatile narrowKlass* addr = &_metadata._compressed_klass;
  95     volatile narrowKlass* xaddr = const_cast<volatile narrowKlass*>(addr);
  96     return Klass::decode_klass(OrderAccess::load_acquire(xaddr));
  97   } else {
  98     return (Klass*)OrderAccess::load_ptr_acquire(&_metadata._klass);
  99   }
 100 }
 101 
 102 inline int oopDesc::klass_gap_offset_in_bytes() {
 103   assert(UseCompressedClassPointers, "only applicable to compressed klass pointers");
 104   return oopDesc::klass_offset_in_bytes() + sizeof(narrowKlass);
 105 }
 106 
 107 inline Klass** oopDesc::klass_addr() {
 108   // Only used internally and with CMS and will not work with
 109   // UseCompressedOops
 110   assert(!UseCompressedClassPointers, "only supported with uncompressed klass pointers");
 111   return (Klass**) &_metadata._klass;
 112 }
 113 
 114 inline narrowKlass* oopDesc::compressed_klass_addr() {
 115   assert(UseCompressedClassPointers, "only called by compressed klass pointers");
 116   return &_metadata._compressed_klass;
 117 }
 118 
 119 #define CHECK_SET_KLASS(k)                                                \
 120   do {                                                                    \
 121     assert(Universe::is_bootstrapping() || k != NULL, "NULL Klass");      \
 122     assert(Universe::is_bootstrapping() || k->is_klass(), "not a Klass"); \
 123   } while (0)
 124 
 125 inline void oopDesc::set_klass(Klass* k) {
 126   CHECK_SET_KLASS(k);
 127   if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
 128     *compressed_klass_addr() = Klass::encode_klass_not_null(k);
 129   } else {
 130     *klass_addr() = k;
 131   }
 132 }
 133 
 134 inline void oopDesc::release_set_klass(Klass* k) {
 135   CHECK_SET_KLASS(k);
 136   if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
 137     OrderAccess::release_store(compressed_klass_addr(),
 138                                Klass::encode_klass_not_null(k));
 139   } else {
 140     OrderAccess::release_store_ptr(klass_addr(), k);
 141   }
 142 }
 143 
 144 #undef CHECK_SET_KLASS
 145 
 146 inline int oopDesc::klass_gap() const {
 147   return *(int*)(((intptr_t)this) + klass_gap_offset_in_bytes());
 148 }
 149 
 150 inline void oopDesc::set_klass_gap(int v) {
 151   if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
 152     *(int*)(((intptr_t)this) + klass_gap_offset_in_bytes()) = v;
 153   }
 154 }
 155 
 156 inline void oopDesc::set_klass_to_list_ptr(oop k) {
 157   // This is only to be used during GC, for from-space objects, so no
 158   // barrier is needed.
 159   if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
 160     _metadata._compressed_klass = (narrowKlass)encode_heap_oop(k);  // may be null (parnew overflow handling)
 161   } else {
 162     _metadata._klass = (Klass*)(address)k;
 163   }
 164 }
 165 
 166 inline oop oopDesc::list_ptr_from_klass() {
 167   // This is only to be used during GC, for from-space objects.
 168   if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
 169     return decode_heap_oop((narrowOop)_metadata._compressed_klass);
 170   } else {
 171     // Special case for GC
 172     return (oop)(address)_metadata._klass;
 173   }
 174 }
 175 
 176 inline void   oopDesc::init_mark()                 { set_mark(markOopDesc::prototype_for_object(this)); }
 177 
 178 inline bool oopDesc::is_a(Klass* k)        const { return klass()->is_subtype_of(k); }
 179 
 180 inline bool oopDesc::is_instance()            const { return klass()->oop_is_instance(); }
 181 inline bool oopDesc::is_instanceClassLoader() const { return klass()->oop_is_instanceClassLoader(); }
 182 inline bool oopDesc::is_instanceMirror()      const { return klass()->oop_is_instanceMirror(); }
 183 inline bool oopDesc::is_instanceRef()         const { return klass()->oop_is_instanceRef(); }
 184 inline bool oopDesc::is_array()               const { return klass()->oop_is_array(); }
 185 inline bool oopDesc::is_objArray()            const { return klass()->oop_is_objArray(); }
 186 inline bool oopDesc::is_typeArray()           const { return klass()->oop_is_typeArray(); }
 187 
 188 inline void*     oopDesc::field_base(int offset)        const { return (void*)&((char*)this)[offset]; }
 189 
 190 template <class T> inline T* oopDesc::obj_field_addr(int offset) const { return (T*)field_base(offset); }
 191 inline Metadata** oopDesc::metadata_field_addr(int offset) const { return (Metadata**)field_base(offset); }
 192 inline jbyte*    oopDesc::byte_field_addr(int offset)   const { return (jbyte*)   field_base(offset); }
 193 inline jchar*    oopDesc::char_field_addr(int offset)   const { return (jchar*)   field_base(offset); }
 194 inline jboolean* oopDesc::bool_field_addr(int offset)   const { return (jboolean*)field_base(offset); }
 195 inline jint*     oopDesc::int_field_addr(int offset)    const { return (jint*)    field_base(offset); }
 196 inline jshort*   oopDesc::short_field_addr(int offset)  const { return (jshort*)  field_base(offset); }
 197 inline jlong*    oopDesc::long_field_addr(int offset)   const { return (jlong*)   field_base(offset); }
 198 inline jfloat*   oopDesc::float_field_addr(int offset)  const { return (jfloat*)  field_base(offset); }
 199 inline jdouble*  oopDesc::double_field_addr(int offset) const { return (jdouble*) field_base(offset); }
 200 inline address*  oopDesc::address_field_addr(int offset) const { return (address*) field_base(offset); }
 201 
 202 
 203 // Functions for getting and setting oops within instance objects.
 204 // If the oops are compressed, the type passed to these overloaded functions
 205 // is narrowOop.  All functions are overloaded so they can be called by
 206 // template functions without conditionals (the compiler instantiates via
 207 // the right type and inlines the appopriate code).
 208 
 209 inline bool oopDesc::is_null(oop obj)       { return obj == NULL; }
 210 inline bool oopDesc::is_null(narrowOop obj) { return obj == 0; }
 211 
 212 // Algorithm for encoding and decoding oops from 64 bit pointers to 32 bit
 213 // offset from the heap base.  Saving the check for null can save instructions
 214 // in inner GC loops so these are separated.
 215 
 216 inline bool check_obj_alignment(oop obj) {
 217   return cast_from_oop<intptr_t>(obj) % MinObjAlignmentInBytes == 0;
 218 }
 219 
 220 inline narrowOop oopDesc::encode_heap_oop_not_null(oop v) {
 221   assert(!is_null(v), "oop value can never be zero");
 222   assert(check_obj_alignment(v), "Address not aligned");
 223   assert(Universe::heap()->is_in_reserved(v), "Address not in heap");
 224   address base = Universe::narrow_oop_base();
 225   int    shift = Universe::narrow_oop_shift();
 226   uint64_t  pd = (uint64_t)(pointer_delta((void*)v, (void*)base, 1));
 227   assert(OopEncodingHeapMax > pd, "change encoding max if new encoding");
 228   uint64_t result = pd >> shift;
 229   assert((result & CONST64(0xffffffff00000000)) == 0, "narrow oop overflow");
 230   assert(decode_heap_oop(result) == v, "reversibility");
 231   return (narrowOop)result;
 232 }
 233 
 234 inline narrowOop oopDesc::encode_heap_oop(oop v) {
 235   return (is_null(v)) ? (narrowOop)0 : encode_heap_oop_not_null(v);
 236 }
 237 
 238 inline oop oopDesc::decode_heap_oop_not_null(narrowOop v) {
 239   assert(!is_null(v), "narrow oop value can never be zero");
 240   address base = Universe::narrow_oop_base();
 241   int    shift = Universe::narrow_oop_shift();
 242   oop result = (oop)(void*)((uintptr_t)base + ((uintptr_t)v << shift));
 243   assert(check_obj_alignment(result), err_msg("address not aligned: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i((void*) result)));
 244   return result;
 245 }
 246 
 247 inline oop oopDesc::decode_heap_oop(narrowOop v) {
 248   return is_null(v) ? (oop)NULL : decode_heap_oop_not_null(v);
 249 }
 250 
 251 inline oop oopDesc::decode_heap_oop_not_null(oop v) { return v; }
 252 inline oop oopDesc::decode_heap_oop(oop v)  { return v; }
 253 
 254 // Load an oop out of the Java heap as is without decoding.
 255 // Called by GC to check for null before decoding.
 256 inline oop       oopDesc::load_heap_oop(oop* p)          { return *p; }
 257 inline narrowOop oopDesc::load_heap_oop(narrowOop* p)    { return *p; }
 258 
 259 // Load and decode an oop out of the Java heap into a wide oop.
 260 inline oop oopDesc::load_decode_heap_oop_not_null(oop* p)       { return *p; }
 261 inline oop oopDesc::load_decode_heap_oop_not_null(narrowOop* p) {
 262   return decode_heap_oop_not_null(*p);
 263 }
 264 
 265 // Load and decode an oop out of the heap accepting null
 266 inline oop oopDesc::load_decode_heap_oop(oop* p) { return *p; }
 267 inline oop oopDesc::load_decode_heap_oop(narrowOop* p) {
 268   return decode_heap_oop(*p);
 269 }
 270 
 271 // Store already encoded heap oop into the heap.
 272 inline void oopDesc::store_heap_oop(oop* p, oop v)                 { *p = v; }
 273 inline void oopDesc::store_heap_oop(narrowOop* p, narrowOop v)     { *p = v; }
 274 
 275 // Encode and store a heap oop.
 276 inline void oopDesc::encode_store_heap_oop_not_null(narrowOop* p, oop v) {
 277   *p = encode_heap_oop_not_null(v);
 278 }
 279 inline void oopDesc::encode_store_heap_oop_not_null(oop* p, oop v) { *p = v; }
 280 
 281 // Encode and store a heap oop allowing for null.
 282 inline void oopDesc::encode_store_heap_oop(narrowOop* p, oop v) {
 283   *p = encode_heap_oop(v);
 284 }
 285 inline void oopDesc::encode_store_heap_oop(oop* p, oop v) { *p = v; }
 286 
 287 // Store heap oop as is for volatile fields.
 288 inline void oopDesc::release_store_heap_oop(volatile oop* p, oop v) {
 289   OrderAccess::release_store_ptr(p, v);
 290 }
 291 inline void oopDesc::release_store_heap_oop(volatile narrowOop* p,
 292                                             narrowOop v) {
 293   OrderAccess::release_store(p, v);
 294 }
 295 
 296 inline void oopDesc::release_encode_store_heap_oop_not_null(
 297                                                 volatile narrowOop* p, oop v) {
 298   // heap oop is not pointer sized.
 299   OrderAccess::release_store(p, encode_heap_oop_not_null(v));
 300 }
 301 
 302 inline void oopDesc::release_encode_store_heap_oop_not_null(
 303                                                       volatile oop* p, oop v) {
 304   OrderAccess::release_store_ptr(p, v);
 305 }
 306 
 307 inline void oopDesc::release_encode_store_heap_oop(volatile oop* p,
 308                                                            oop v) {
 309   OrderAccess::release_store_ptr(p, v);
 310 }
 311 inline void oopDesc::release_encode_store_heap_oop(
 312                                                 volatile narrowOop* p, oop v) {
 313   OrderAccess::release_store(p, encode_heap_oop(v));
 314 }
 315 
 316 
 317 // These functions are only used to exchange oop fields in instances,
 318 // not headers.
 319 inline oop oopDesc::atomic_exchange_oop(oop exchange_value, volatile HeapWord *dest) {
 320   if (UseCompressedOops) {
 321     // encode exchange value from oop to T
 322     narrowOop val = encode_heap_oop(exchange_value);
 323     narrowOop old = (narrowOop)Atomic::xchg(val, (narrowOop*)dest);
 324     // decode old from T to oop
 325     return decode_heap_oop(old);
 326   } else {
 327     return (oop)Atomic::xchg_ptr(exchange_value, (oop*)dest);
 328   }
 329 }
 330 
 331 // In order to put or get a field out of an instance, must first check
 332 // if the field has been compressed and uncompress it.
 333 inline oop oopDesc::obj_field(int offset) const {
 334   return UseCompressedOops ?
 335     load_decode_heap_oop(obj_field_addr<narrowOop>(offset)) :
 336     load_decode_heap_oop(obj_field_addr<oop>(offset));
 337 }
 338 inline volatile oop oopDesc::obj_field_volatile(int offset) const {
 339   volatile oop value = obj_field(offset);
 340   OrderAccess::acquire();
 341   return value;
 342 }
 343 inline void oopDesc::obj_field_put(int offset, oop value) {
 344   UseCompressedOops ? oop_store(obj_field_addr<narrowOop>(offset), value) :
 345                       oop_store(obj_field_addr<oop>(offset),       value);
 346 }
 347 
 348 inline Metadata* oopDesc::metadata_field(int offset) const {
 349   return *metadata_field_addr(offset);
 350 }
 351 
 352 inline void oopDesc::metadata_field_put(int offset, Metadata* value) {
 353   *metadata_field_addr(offset) = value;
 354 }
 355 
 356 inline void oopDesc::obj_field_put_raw(int offset, oop value) {
 357   UseCompressedOops ?
 358     encode_store_heap_oop(obj_field_addr<narrowOop>(offset), value) :
 359     encode_store_heap_oop(obj_field_addr<oop>(offset),       value);
 360 }
 361 inline void oopDesc::obj_field_put_volatile(int offset, oop value) {
 362   OrderAccess::release();
 363   obj_field_put(offset, value);
 364   OrderAccess::fence();
 365 }
 366 
 367 inline jbyte oopDesc::byte_field(int offset) const                  { return (jbyte) *byte_field_addr(offset);    }
 368 inline void oopDesc::byte_field_put(int offset, jbyte contents)     { *byte_field_addr(offset) = (jint) contents; }
 369 
 370 inline jboolean oopDesc::bool_field(int offset) const               { return (jboolean) *bool_field_addr(offset); }
 371 inline void oopDesc::bool_field_put(int offset, jboolean contents)  { *bool_field_addr(offset) = (( (jint) contents) & 1); }
 372 
 373 inline jchar oopDesc::char_field(int offset) const                  { return (jchar) *char_field_addr(offset);    }
 374 inline void oopDesc::char_field_put(int offset, jchar contents)     { *char_field_addr(offset) = (jint) contents; }
 375 
 376 inline jint oopDesc::int_field(int offset) const                    { return *int_field_addr(offset);        }
 377 inline void oopDesc::int_field_put(int offset, jint contents)       { *int_field_addr(offset) = contents;    }
 378 
 379 inline jshort oopDesc::short_field(int offset) const                { return (jshort) *short_field_addr(offset);  }
 380 inline void oopDesc::short_field_put(int offset, jshort contents)   { *short_field_addr(offset) = (jint) contents;}
 381 
 382 inline jlong oopDesc::long_field(int offset) const                  { return *long_field_addr(offset);       }
 383 inline void oopDesc::long_field_put(int offset, jlong contents)     { *long_field_addr(offset) = contents;   }
 384 
 385 inline jfloat oopDesc::float_field(int offset) const                { return *float_field_addr(offset);      }
 386 inline void oopDesc::float_field_put(int offset, jfloat contents)   { *float_field_addr(offset) = contents;  }
 387 
 388 inline jdouble oopDesc::double_field(int offset) const              { return *double_field_addr(offset);     }
 389 inline void oopDesc::double_field_put(int offset, jdouble contents) { *double_field_addr(offset) = contents; }
 390 
 391 inline address oopDesc::address_field(int offset) const              { return *address_field_addr(offset);     }
 392 inline void oopDesc::address_field_put(int offset, address contents) { *address_field_addr(offset) = contents; }
 393 
 394 inline oop oopDesc::obj_field_acquire(int offset) const {
 395   return UseCompressedOops ?
 396              decode_heap_oop((narrowOop)
 397                OrderAccess::load_acquire(obj_field_addr<narrowOop>(offset)))
 398            : decode_heap_oop((oop)
 399                OrderAccess::load_ptr_acquire(obj_field_addr<oop>(offset)));
 400 }
 401 inline void oopDesc::release_obj_field_put(int offset, oop value) {
 402   UseCompressedOops ?
 403     oop_store((volatile narrowOop*)obj_field_addr<narrowOop>(offset), value) :
 404     oop_store((volatile oop*)      obj_field_addr<oop>(offset),       value);
 405 }
 406 
 407 inline jbyte oopDesc::byte_field_acquire(int offset) const                  { return OrderAccess::load_acquire(byte_field_addr(offset));     }
 408 inline void oopDesc::release_byte_field_put(int offset, jbyte contents)     { OrderAccess::release_store(byte_field_addr(offset), contents); }
 409 
 410 inline jboolean oopDesc::bool_field_acquire(int offset) const               { return OrderAccess::load_acquire(bool_field_addr(offset));     }
 411 inline void oopDesc::release_bool_field_put(int offset, jboolean contents)  { OrderAccess::release_store(bool_field_addr(offset), (contents & 1)); }
 412 
 413 inline jchar oopDesc::char_field_acquire(int offset) const                  { return OrderAccess::load_acquire(char_field_addr(offset));     }
 414 inline void oopDesc::release_char_field_put(int offset, jchar contents)     { OrderAccess::release_store(char_field_addr(offset), contents); }
 415 
 416 inline jint oopDesc::int_field_acquire(int offset) const                    { return OrderAccess::load_acquire(int_field_addr(offset));      }
 417 inline void oopDesc::release_int_field_put(int offset, jint contents)       { OrderAccess::release_store(int_field_addr(offset), contents);  }
 418 
 419 inline jshort oopDesc::short_field_acquire(int offset) const                { return (jshort)OrderAccess::load_acquire(short_field_addr(offset)); }
 420 inline void oopDesc::release_short_field_put(int offset, jshort contents)   { OrderAccess::release_store(short_field_addr(offset), contents);     }
 421 
 422 inline jlong oopDesc::long_field_acquire(int offset) const                  { return OrderAccess::load_acquire(long_field_addr(offset));       }
 423 inline void oopDesc::release_long_field_put(int offset, jlong contents)     { OrderAccess::release_store(long_field_addr(offset), contents);   }
 424 
 425 inline jfloat oopDesc::float_field_acquire(int offset) const                { return OrderAccess::load_acquire(float_field_addr(offset));      }
 426 inline void oopDesc::release_float_field_put(int offset, jfloat contents)   { OrderAccess::release_store(float_field_addr(offset), contents);  }
 427 
 428 inline jdouble oopDesc::double_field_acquire(int offset) const              { return OrderAccess::load_acquire(double_field_addr(offset));     }
 429 inline void oopDesc::release_double_field_put(int offset, jdouble contents) { OrderAccess::release_store(double_field_addr(offset), contents); }
 430 
 431 inline address oopDesc::address_field_acquire(int offset) const             { return (address) OrderAccess::load_ptr_acquire(address_field_addr(offset)); }
 432 inline void oopDesc::release_address_field_put(int offset, address contents) { OrderAccess::release_store_ptr(address_field_addr(offset), contents); }
 433 
 434 inline int oopDesc::size_given_klass(Klass* klass)  {
 435   int lh = klass->layout_helper();
 436   int s;
 437 
 438   // lh is now a value computed at class initialization that may hint
 439   // at the size.  For instances, this is positive and equal to the
 440   // size.  For arrays, this is negative and provides log2 of the
 441   // array element size.  For other oops, it is zero and thus requires
 442   // a virtual call.
 443   //
 444   // We go to all this trouble because the size computation is at the
 445   // heart of phase 2 of mark-compaction, and called for every object,
 446   // alive or dead.  So the speed here is equal in importance to the
 447   // speed of allocation.
 448 
 449   if (lh > Klass::_lh_neutral_value) {
 450     if (!Klass::layout_helper_needs_slow_path(lh)) {
 451       s = lh >> LogHeapWordSize;  // deliver size scaled by wordSize
 452     } else {
 453       s = klass->oop_size(this);
 454     }
 455   } else if (lh <= Klass::_lh_neutral_value) {
 456     // The most common case is instances; fall through if so.
 457     if (lh < Klass::_lh_neutral_value) {
 458       // Second most common case is arrays.  We have to fetch the
 459       // length of the array, shift (multiply) it appropriately,
 460       // up to wordSize, add the header, and align to object size.
 461       size_t size_in_bytes;
 462 #ifdef _M_IA64
 463       // The Windows Itanium Aug 2002 SDK hoists this load above
 464       // the check for s < 0.  An oop at the end of the heap will
 465       // cause an access violation if this load is performed on a non
 466       // array oop.  Making the reference volatile prohibits this.
 467       // (%%% please explain by what magic the length is actually fetched!)
 468       volatile int *array_length;
 469       array_length = (volatile int *)( (intptr_t)this +
 470                           arrayOopDesc::length_offset_in_bytes() );
 471       assert(array_length > 0, "Integer arithmetic problem somewhere");
 472       // Put into size_t to avoid overflow.
 473       size_in_bytes = (size_t) array_length;
 474       size_in_bytes = size_in_bytes << Klass::layout_helper_log2_element_size(lh);
 475 #else
 476       size_t array_length = (size_t) ((arrayOop)this)->length();
 477       size_in_bytes = array_length << Klass::layout_helper_log2_element_size(lh);
 478 #endif
 479       size_in_bytes += Klass::layout_helper_header_size(lh);
 480 
 481       // This code could be simplified, but by keeping array_header_in_bytes
 482       // in units of bytes and doing it this way we can round up just once,
 483       // skipping the intermediate round to HeapWordSize.  Cast the result
 484       // of round_to to size_t to guarantee unsigned division == right shift.
 485       s = (int)((size_t)round_to(size_in_bytes, MinObjAlignmentInBytes) /
 486         HeapWordSize);
 487 
 488       // UseParNewGC, UseParallelGC and UseG1GC can change the length field
 489       // of an "old copy" of an object array in the young gen so it indicates
 490       // the grey portion of an already copied array. This will cause the first
 491       // disjunct below to fail if the two comparands are computed across such
 492       // a concurrent change.
 493       // UseParNewGC also runs with promotion labs (which look like int
 494       // filler arrays) which are subject to changing their declared size
 495       // when finally retiring a PLAB; this also can cause the first disjunct
 496       // to fail for another worker thread that is concurrently walking the block
 497       // offset table. Both these invariant failures are benign for their
 498       // current uses; we relax the assertion checking to cover these two cases below:
 499       //     is_objArray() && is_forwarded()   // covers first scenario above
 500       //  || is_typeArray()                    // covers second scenario above
 501       // If and when UseParallelGC uses the same obj array oop stealing/chunking
 502       // technique, we will need to suitably modify the assertion.
 503       assert((s == klass->oop_size(this)) ||
 504              (Universe::heap()->is_gc_active() &&
 505               ((is_typeArray() && UseParNewGC) ||
 506                (is_objArray()  && is_forwarded() && (UseParNewGC || UseParallelGC || UseG1GC)))),
 507              "wrong array object size");
 508     } else {
 509       // Must be zero, so bite the bullet and take the virtual call.
 510       s = klass->oop_size(this);
 511     }
 512   }
 513 
 514   assert(s % MinObjAlignment == 0, "alignment check");
 515   assert(s > 0, "Bad size calculated");
 516   return s;
 517 }
 518 
 519 
 520 inline int oopDesc::size()  {
 521   return size_given_klass(klass());
 522 }
 523 
 524 inline void update_barrier_set(void* p, oop v, bool release = false) {
 525   assert(oopDesc::bs() != NULL, "Uninitialized bs in oop!");
 526   oopDesc::bs()->write_ref_field(p, v, release);
 527 }
 528 
 529 template <class T> inline void update_barrier_set_pre(T* p, oop v) {
 530   oopDesc::bs()->write_ref_field_pre(p, v);
 531 }
 532 
 533 template <class T> inline void oop_store(T* p, oop v) {
 534   if (always_do_update_barrier) {
 535     oop_store((volatile T*)p, v);
 536   } else {
 537     update_barrier_set_pre(p, v);
 538     oopDesc::encode_store_heap_oop(p, v);
 539     // always_do_update_barrier == false =>
 540     // Either we are at a safepoint (in GC) or CMS is not used. In both
 541     // cases it's unnecessary to mark the card as dirty with release sematics.
 542     update_barrier_set((void*)p, v, false /* release */);  // cast away type
 543   }
 544 }
 545 
 546 template <class T> inline void oop_store(volatile T* p, oop v) {
 547   update_barrier_set_pre((T*)p, v);   // cast away volatile
 548   // Used by release_obj_field_put, so use release_store_ptr.
 549   oopDesc::release_encode_store_heap_oop(p, v);
 550   // When using CMS we must mark the card corresponding to p as dirty
 551   // with release sematics to prevent that CMS sees the dirty card but
 552   // not the new value v at p due to reordering of the two
 553   // stores. Note that CMS has a concurrent precleaning phase, where
 554   // it reads the card table while the Java threads are running.
 555   update_barrier_set((void*)p, v, true /* release */);    // cast away type
 556 }
 557 
 558 // Should replace *addr = oop assignments where addr type depends on UseCompressedOops
 559 // (without having to remember the function name this calls).
 560 inline void oop_store_raw(HeapWord* addr, oop value) {
 561   if (UseCompressedOops) {
 562     oopDesc::encode_store_heap_oop((narrowOop*)addr, value);
 563   } else {
 564     oopDesc::encode_store_heap_oop((oop*)addr, value);
 565   }
 566 }
 567 
 568 inline oop oopDesc::atomic_compare_exchange_oop(oop exchange_value,
 569                                                 volatile HeapWord *dest,
 570                                                 oop compare_value,
 571                                                 bool prebarrier) {
 572   if (UseCompressedOops) {
 573     if (prebarrier) {
 574       update_barrier_set_pre((narrowOop*)dest, exchange_value);
 575     }
 576     // encode exchange and compare value from oop to T
 577     narrowOop val = encode_heap_oop(exchange_value);
 578     narrowOop cmp = encode_heap_oop(compare_value);
 579 
 580     narrowOop old = (narrowOop) Atomic::cmpxchg(val, (narrowOop*)dest, cmp);
 581     // decode old from T to oop
 582     return decode_heap_oop(old);
 583   } else {
 584     if (prebarrier) {
 585       update_barrier_set_pre((oop*)dest, exchange_value);
 586     }
 587     return (oop)Atomic::cmpxchg_ptr(exchange_value, (oop*)dest, compare_value);
 588   }
 589 }
 590 
 591 // Used only for markSweep, scavenging
 592 inline bool oopDesc::is_gc_marked() const {
 593   return mark()->is_marked();
 594 }
 595 
 596 inline bool oopDesc::is_locked() const {
 597   return mark()->is_locked();
 598 }
 599 
 600 inline bool oopDesc::is_unlocked() const {
 601   return mark()->is_unlocked();
 602 }
 603 
 604 inline bool oopDesc::has_bias_pattern() const {
 605   return mark()->has_bias_pattern();
 606 }
 607 
 608 
 609 // used only for asserts
 610 inline bool oopDesc::is_oop(bool ignore_mark_word) const {
 611   oop obj = (oop) this;
 612   if (!check_obj_alignment(obj)) return false;
 613   if (!Universe::heap()->is_in_reserved(obj)) return false;
 614   // obj is aligned and accessible in heap
 615   if (Universe::heap()->is_in_reserved(obj->klass_or_null())) return false;
 616 
 617   // Header verification: the mark is typically non-NULL. If we're
 618   // at a safepoint, it must not be null.
 619   // Outside of a safepoint, the header could be changing (for example,
 620   // another thread could be inflating a lock on this object).
 621   if (ignore_mark_word) {
 622     return true;
 623   }
 624   if (mark() != NULL) {
 625     return true;
 626   }
 627   return !SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint();
 628 }
 629 
 630 
 631 // used only for asserts
 632 inline bool oopDesc::is_oop_or_null(bool ignore_mark_word) const {
 633   return this == NULL ? true : is_oop(ignore_mark_word);
 634 }
 635 
 636 #ifndef PRODUCT
 637 // used only for asserts
 638 inline bool oopDesc::is_unlocked_oop() const {
 639   if (!Universe::heap()->is_in_reserved(this)) return false;
 640   return mark()->is_unlocked();
 641 }
 642 #endif // PRODUCT
 643 
 644 inline void oopDesc::follow_contents(void) {
 645   assert (is_gc_marked(), "should be marked");
 646   klass()->oop_follow_contents(this);
 647 }
 648 
 649 // Used by scavengers
 650 
 651 inline bool oopDesc::is_forwarded() const {
 652   // The extra heap check is needed since the obj might be locked, in which case the
 653   // mark would point to a stack location and have the sentinel bit cleared
 654   return mark()->is_marked();
 655 }
 656 
 657 // Used by scavengers
 658 inline void oopDesc::forward_to(oop p) {
 659   assert(check_obj_alignment(p),
 660          "forwarding to something not aligned");
 661   assert(Universe::heap()->is_in_reserved(p),
 662          "forwarding to something not in heap");
 663   markOop m = markOopDesc::encode_pointer_as_mark(p);
 664   assert(m->decode_pointer() == p, "encoding must be reversable");
 665   set_mark(m);
 666 }
 667 
 668 // Used by parallel scavengers
 669 inline bool oopDesc::cas_forward_to(oop p, markOop compare) {
 670   assert(check_obj_alignment(p),
 671          "forwarding to something not aligned");
 672   assert(Universe::heap()->is_in_reserved(p),
 673          "forwarding to something not in heap");
 674   markOop m = markOopDesc::encode_pointer_as_mark(p);
 675   assert(m->decode_pointer() == p, "encoding must be reversable");
 676   return cas_set_mark(m, compare) == compare;
 677 }
 678 
 679 // Note that the forwardee is not the same thing as the displaced_mark.
 680 // The forwardee is used when copying during scavenge and mark-sweep.
 681 // It does need to clear the low two locking- and GC-related bits.
 682 inline oop oopDesc::forwardee() const {
 683   return (oop) mark()->decode_pointer();
 684 }
 685 
 686 inline bool oopDesc::has_displaced_mark() const {
 687   return mark()->has_displaced_mark_helper();
 688 }
 689 
 690 inline markOop oopDesc::displaced_mark() const {
 691   return mark()->displaced_mark_helper();
 692 }
 693 
 694 inline void oopDesc::set_displaced_mark(markOop m) {
 695   mark()->set_displaced_mark_helper(m);
 696 }
 697 
 698 // The following method needs to be MT safe.
 699 inline uint oopDesc::age() const {
 700   assert(!is_forwarded(), "Attempt to read age from forwarded mark");
 701   if (has_displaced_mark()) {
 702     return displaced_mark()->age();
 703   } else {
 704     return mark()->age();
 705   }
 706 }
 707 
 708 inline void oopDesc::incr_age() {
 709   assert(!is_forwarded(), "Attempt to increment age of forwarded mark");
 710   if (has_displaced_mark()) {
 711     set_displaced_mark(displaced_mark()->incr_age());
 712   } else {
 713     set_mark(mark()->incr_age());
 714   }
 715 }
 716 
 717 
 718 inline intptr_t oopDesc::identity_hash() {
 719   // Fast case; if the object is unlocked and the hash value is set, no locking is needed
 720   // Note: The mark must be read into local variable to avoid concurrent updates.
 721   markOop mrk = mark();
 722   if (mrk->is_unlocked() && !mrk->has_no_hash()) {
 723     return mrk->hash();
 724   } else if (mrk->is_marked()) {
 725     return mrk->hash();
 726   } else {
 727     return slow_identity_hash();
 728   }
 729 }
 730 
 731 inline int oopDesc::adjust_pointers() {
 732   debug_only(int check_size = size());
 733   int s = klass()->oop_adjust_pointers(this);
 734   assert(s == check_size, "should be the same");
 735   return s;
 736 }
 737 
 738 #define OOP_ITERATE_DEFN(OopClosureType, nv_suffix)                        \
 739                                                                            \
 740 inline int oopDesc::oop_iterate(OopClosureType* blk) {                     \
 741   SpecializationStats::record_call();                                      \
 742   return klass()->oop_oop_iterate##nv_suffix(this, blk);               \
 743 }                                                                          \
 744                                                                            \
 745 inline int oopDesc::oop_iterate(OopClosureType* blk, MemRegion mr) {       \
 746   SpecializationStats::record_call();                                      \
 747   return klass()->oop_oop_iterate##nv_suffix##_m(this, blk, mr);       \
 748 }
 749 
 750 
 751 inline int oopDesc::oop_iterate_no_header(OopClosure* blk) {
 752   // The NoHeaderExtendedOopClosure wraps the OopClosure and proxies all
 753   // the do_oop calls, but turns off all other features in ExtendedOopClosure.
 754   NoHeaderExtendedOopClosure cl(blk);
 755   return oop_iterate(&cl);
 756 }
 757 
 758 inline int oopDesc::oop_iterate_no_header(OopClosure* blk, MemRegion mr) {
 759   NoHeaderExtendedOopClosure cl(blk);
 760   return oop_iterate(&cl, mr);
 761 }
 762 
 763 ALL_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_CLOSURES_1(OOP_ITERATE_DEFN)
 764 ALL_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_CLOSURES_2(OOP_ITERATE_DEFN)
 765 
 766 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
 767 #define OOP_ITERATE_BACKWARDS_DEFN(OopClosureType, nv_suffix)              \
 768                                                                            \
 769 inline int oopDesc::oop_iterate_backwards(OopClosureType* blk) {           \
 770   SpecializationStats::record_call();                                      \
 771   return klass()->oop_oop_iterate_backwards##nv_suffix(this, blk);     \
 772 }
 773 
 774 ALL_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_CLOSURES_1(OOP_ITERATE_BACKWARDS_DEFN)
 775 ALL_OOP_OOP_ITERATE_CLOSURES_2(OOP_ITERATE_BACKWARDS_DEFN)
 776 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
 777 
 778 #endif // SHARE_VM_OOPS_OOP_INLINE_HPP