1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "jvm.h"
  27 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/javaAssertions.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  32 #include "gc/shared/gcArguments.hpp"
  33 #include "gc/shared/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
  34 #include "gc/shared/referenceProcessor.hpp"
  35 #include "gc/shared/taskqueue.hpp"
  36 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  37 #include "logging/logConfiguration.hpp"
  38 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  39 #include "logging/logTag.hpp"
  40 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  41 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
  42 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  43 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  44 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  45 #include "runtime/arguments_ext.hpp"
  46 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagConstraintList.hpp"
  47 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagWriteableList.hpp"
  48 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagRangeList.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  51 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
  53 #include "runtime/safepointMechanism.hpp"
  54 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
  55 #include "services/management.hpp"
  56 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"
  57 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
  58 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  59 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  60 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
  61 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
  62 #include "jvmci/jvmciRuntime.hpp"
  63 #endif
  64 
  65 // Note: This is a special bug reporting site for the JVM
  66 #ifdef VENDOR_URL_VM_BUG
  67 # define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG VENDOR_URL_VM_BUG
  68 #else
  69 # define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG "http://bugreport.java.com/bugreport/crash.jsp"
  70 #endif
  71 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER  "generic"
  72 
  73 char*  Arguments::_jvm_flags_file               = NULL;
  74 char** Arguments::_jvm_flags_array              = NULL;
  75 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_flags                = 0;
  76 char** Arguments::_jvm_args_array               = NULL;
  77 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_args                 = 0;
  78 char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = NULL;
  79 SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = NULL;
  80 const char*  Arguments::_gc_log_filename        = NULL;
  81 size_t Arguments::_conservative_max_heap_alignment = 0;
  82 size_t Arguments::_min_heap_size                = 0;
  83 Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
  84 bool   Arguments::_java_compiler                = false;
  85 bool   Arguments::_xdebug_mode                  = false;
  86 const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG;
  87 const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
  88 int    Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_pid        = -1;
  89 bool   Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm  = false;
  90 
  91 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args()
  92 bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
  93 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
  94 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
  95 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
  96 intx   Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog     = Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
  97 intx   Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold     = Tier4InvocationThreshold;
  98 
  99 char*  Arguments::SharedArchivePath             = NULL;
 100 
 101 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_libraryList;
 102 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_agentList;
 103 
 104 abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = NULL;
 105 exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = NULL;
 106 vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = NULL;
 107 
 108 
 109 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = NULL;
 110 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = NULL;
 111 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = NULL;
 112 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = NULL;
 113 SystemProperty *Arguments::_jdk_boot_class_path_append = NULL;
 114 
 115 GrowableArray<ModulePatchPath*> *Arguments::_patch_mod_prefix = NULL;
 116 PathString *Arguments::_system_boot_class_path = NULL;
 117 bool Arguments::_has_jimage = false;
 118 
 119 char* Arguments::_ext_dirs = NULL;
 120 
 121 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
 122 bool Arguments::_force_init_jvmci_runtime = false;
 123 #endif
 124 
 125 bool PathString::set_value(const char *value) {
 126   if (_value != NULL) {
 127     FreeHeap(_value);
 128   }
 129   _value = AllocateHeap(strlen(value)+1, mtArguments);
 130   assert(_value != NULL, "Unable to allocate space for new path value");
 131   if (_value != NULL) {
 132     strcpy(_value, value);
 133   } else {
 134     // not able to allocate
 135     return false;
 136   }
 137   return true;
 138 }
 139 
 140 void PathString::append_value(const char *value) {
 141   char *sp;
 142   size_t len = 0;
 143   if (value != NULL) {
 144     len = strlen(value);
 145     if (_value != NULL) {
 146       len += strlen(_value);
 147     }
 148     sp = AllocateHeap(len+2, mtArguments);
 149     assert(sp != NULL, "Unable to allocate space for new append path value");
 150     if (sp != NULL) {
 151       if (_value != NULL) {
 152         strcpy(sp, _value);
 153         strcat(sp, os::path_separator());
 154         strcat(sp, value);
 155         FreeHeap(_value);
 156       } else {
 157         strcpy(sp, value);
 158       }
 159       _value = sp;
 160     }
 161   }
 162 }
 163 
 164 PathString::PathString(const char* value) {
 165   if (value == NULL) {
 166     _value = NULL;
 167   } else {
 168     _value = AllocateHeap(strlen(value)+1, mtArguments);
 169     strcpy(_value, value);
 170   }
 171 }
 172 
 173 PathString::~PathString() {
 174   if (_value != NULL) {
 175     FreeHeap(_value);
 176     _value = NULL;
 177   }
 178 }
 179 
 180 ModulePatchPath::ModulePatchPath(const char* module_name, const char* path) {
 181   assert(module_name != NULL && path != NULL, "Invalid module name or path value");
 182   size_t len = strlen(module_name) + 1;
 183   _module_name = AllocateHeap(len, mtInternal);
 184   strncpy(_module_name, module_name, len); // copy the trailing null
 185   _path =  new PathString(path);
 186 }
 187 
 188 ModulePatchPath::~ModulePatchPath() {
 189   if (_module_name != NULL) {
 190     FreeHeap(_module_name);
 191     _module_name = NULL;
 192   }
 193   if (_path != NULL) {
 194     delete _path;
 195     _path = NULL;
 196   }
 197 }
 198 
 199 SystemProperty::SystemProperty(const char* key, const char* value, bool writeable, bool internal) : PathString(value) {
 200   if (key == NULL) {
 201     _key = NULL;
 202   } else {
 203     _key = AllocateHeap(strlen(key)+1, mtArguments);
 204     strcpy(_key, key);
 205   }
 206   _next = NULL;
 207   _internal = internal;
 208   _writeable = writeable;
 209 }
 210 
 211 AgentLibrary::AgentLibrary(const char* name, const char* options,
 212                bool is_absolute_path, void* os_lib,
 213                bool instrument_lib) {
 214   _name = AllocateHeap(strlen(name)+1, mtArguments);
 215   strcpy(_name, name);
 216   if (options == NULL) {
 217     _options = NULL;
 218   } else {
 219     _options = AllocateHeap(strlen(options)+1, mtArguments);
 220     strcpy(_options, options);
 221   }
 222   _is_absolute_path = is_absolute_path;
 223   _os_lib = os_lib;
 224   _next = NULL;
 225   _state = agent_invalid;
 226   _is_static_lib = false;
 227   _is_instrument_lib = instrument_lib;
 228 }
 229 
 230 // Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' to the remaining
 231 // part of the option string.
 232 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
 233                          const char** tail) {
 234   size_t len = strlen(name);
 235   if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
 236     *tail = option->optionString + len;
 237     return true;
 238   } else {
 239     return false;
 240   }
 241 }
 242 
 243 // Check if 'option' matches 'name'. No "tail" is allowed.
 244 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name) {
 245   const char* tail = NULL;
 246   bool result = match_option(option, name, &tail);
 247   if (tail != NULL && *tail == '\0') {
 248     return result;
 249   } else {
 250     return false;
 251   }
 252 }
 253 
 254 // Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
 255 // If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
 256 // the option must match exactly.
 257 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
 258   bool tail_allowed) {
 259   for (/* empty */; *names != NULL; ++names) {
 260   if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
 261       if (**tail == '\0' || (tail_allowed && **tail == ':')) {
 262         return true;
 263       }
 264     }
 265   }
 266   return false;
 267 }
 268 
 269 static void logOption(const char* opt) {
 270   if (PrintVMOptions) {
 271     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
 272   }
 273 }
 274 
 275 bool needs_module_property_warning = false;
 276 
 277 #define MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX "jdk.module."
 278 #define MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN 11
 279 #define ADDEXPORTS "addexports"
 280 #define ADDEXPORTS_LEN 10
 281 #define ADDREADS "addreads"
 282 #define ADDREADS_LEN 8
 283 #define ADDOPENS "addopens"
 284 #define ADDOPENS_LEN 8
 285 #define PATCH "patch"
 286 #define PATCH_LEN 5
 287 #define ADDMODS "addmods"
 288 #define ADDMODS_LEN 7
 289 #define LIMITMODS "limitmods"
 290 #define LIMITMODS_LEN 9
 291 #define PATH "path"
 292 #define PATH_LEN 4
 293 #define UPGRADE_PATH "upgrade.path"
 294 #define UPGRADE_PATH_LEN 12
 295 
 296 void Arguments::add_init_library(const char* name, char* options) {
 297   _libraryList.add(new AgentLibrary(name, options, false, NULL));
 298 }
 299 
 300 void Arguments::add_init_agent(const char* name, char* options, bool absolute_path) {
 301   _agentList.add(new AgentLibrary(name, options, absolute_path, NULL));
 302 }
 303 
 304 void Arguments::add_instrument_agent(const char* name, char* options, bool absolute_path) {
 305   _agentList.add(new AgentLibrary(name, options, absolute_path, NULL, true));
 306 }
 307 
 308 // Late-binding agents not started via arguments
 309 void Arguments::add_loaded_agent(AgentLibrary *agentLib) {
 310   _agentList.add(agentLib);
 311 }
 312 
 313 void Arguments::add_loaded_agent(const char* name, char* options, bool absolute_path, void* os_lib) {
 314   _agentList.add(new AgentLibrary(name, options, absolute_path, os_lib));
 315 }
 316 
 317 // Return TRUE if option matches 'property', or 'property=', or 'property.'.
 318 static bool matches_property_suffix(const char* option, const char* property, size_t len) {
 319   return ((strncmp(option, property, len) == 0) &&
 320           (option[len] == '=' || option[len] == '.' || option[len] == '\0'));
 321 }
 322 
 323 // Return true if property starts with "jdk.module." and its ensuing chars match
 324 // any of the reserved module properties.
 325 // property should be passed without the leading "-D".
 326 bool Arguments::is_internal_module_property(const char* property) {
 327   assert((strncmp(property, "-D", 2) != 0), "Unexpected leading -D");
 328   if  (strncmp(property, MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX, MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN) == 0) {
 329     const char* property_suffix = property + MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN;
 330     if (matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDEXPORTS, ADDEXPORTS_LEN) ||
 331         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDREADS, ADDREADS_LEN) ||
 332         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDOPENS, ADDOPENS_LEN) ||
 333         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, PATCH, PATCH_LEN) ||
 334         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDMODS, ADDMODS_LEN) ||
 335         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, LIMITMODS, LIMITMODS_LEN) ||
 336         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, PATH, PATH_LEN) ||
 337         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, UPGRADE_PATH, UPGRADE_PATH_LEN)) {
 338       return true;
 339     }
 340   }
 341   return false;
 342 }
 343 
 344 // Process java launcher properties.
 345 void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
 346   // See if sun.java.launcher, sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm or
 347   // sun.java.launcher.pid is defined.
 348   // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
 349   // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
 350   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
 351     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
 352     const char* tail;
 353 
 354     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
 355       process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
 356       continue;
 357     }
 358     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.is_altjvm=", &tail)) {
 359       if (strcmp(tail, "true") == 0) {
 360         _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm = true;
 361       }
 362       continue;
 363     }
 364     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.pid=", &tail)) {
 365       _sun_java_launcher_pid = atoi(tail);
 366       continue;
 367     }
 368   }
 369 }
 370 
 371 // Initialize system properties key and value.
 372 void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
 373 
 374   // Set up _system_boot_class_path which is not a property but
 375   // relies heavily on argument processing and the jdk.boot.class.path.append
 376   // property. It is used to store the underlying system boot class path.
 377   _system_boot_class_path = new PathString(NULL);
 378 
 379   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
 380                                                            "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
 381   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
 382   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
 383   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(),  true));
 384   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("jdk.debug", VM_Version::jdk_debug_level(),  false));
 385 
 386   // Following are JVMTI agent writable properties.
 387   // Properties values are set to NULL and they are
 388   // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
 389   _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", NULL,  true);
 390   _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", NULL,  true);
 391   _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", NULL,  true);
 392   _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
 393   // jdk.boot.class.path.append is a non-writeable, internal property.
 394   // It can only be set by either:
 395   //    - -Xbootclasspath/a:
 396   //    - AddToBootstrapClassLoaderSearch during JVMTI OnLoad phase
 397   _jdk_boot_class_path_append = new SystemProperty("jdk.boot.class.path.append", "", false, true);
 398 
 399   // Add to System Property list.
 400   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
 401   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
 402   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
 403   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
 404   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _jdk_boot_class_path_append);
 405 
 406   // Set OS specific system properties values
 407   os::init_system_properties_values();
 408 }
 409 
 410 // Update/Initialize System properties after JDK version number is known
 411 void Arguments::init_version_specific_system_properties() {
 412   enum { bufsz = 16 };
 413   char buffer[bufsz];
 414   const char* spec_vendor = "Oracle Corporation";
 415   uint32_t spec_version = JDK_Version::current().major_version();
 416 
 417   jio_snprintf(buffer, bufsz, UINT32_FORMAT, spec_version);
 418 
 419   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 420       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",  spec_vendor, false));
 421   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 422       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", buffer, false));
 423   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 424       new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
 425 }
 426 
 427 /*
 428  *  -XX argument processing:
 429  *
 430  *  -XX arguments are defined in several places, such as:
 431  *      globals.hpp, globals_<cpu>.hpp, globals_<os>.hpp, <compiler>_globals.hpp, or <gc>_globals.hpp.
 432  *  -XX arguments are parsed in parse_argument().
 433  *  -XX argument bounds checking is done in check_vm_args_consistency().
 434  *
 435  * Over time -XX arguments may change. There are mechanisms to handle common cases:
 436  *
 437  *      ALIASED: An option that is simply another name for another option. This is often
 438  *               part of the process of deprecating a flag, but not all aliases need
 439  *               to be deprecated.
 440  *
 441  *               Create an alias for an option by adding the old and new option names to the
 442  *               "aliased_jvm_flags" table. Delete the old variable from globals.hpp (etc).
 443  *
 444  *   DEPRECATED: An option that is supported, but a warning is printed to let the user know that
 445  *               support may be removed in the future. Both regular and aliased options may be
 446  *               deprecated.
 447  *
 448  *               Add a deprecation warning for an option (or alias) by adding an entry in the
 449  *               "special_jvm_flags" table and setting the "deprecated_in" field.
 450  *               Often an option "deprecated" in one major release will
 451  *               be made "obsolete" in the next. In this case the entry should also have its
 452  *               "obsolete_in" field set.
 453  *
 454  *     OBSOLETE: An option that has been removed (and deleted from globals.hpp), but is still accepted
 455  *               on the command line. A warning is printed to let the user know that option might not
 456  *               be accepted in the future.
 457  *
 458  *               Add an obsolete warning for an option by adding an entry in the "special_jvm_flags"
 459  *               table and setting the "obsolete_in" field.
 460  *
 461  *      EXPIRED: A deprecated or obsolete option that has an "accept_until" version less than or equal
 462  *               to the current JDK version. The system will flatly refuse to admit the existence of
 463  *               the flag. This allows a flag to die automatically over JDK releases.
 464  *
 465  *               Note that manual cleanup of expired options should be done at major JDK version upgrades:
 466  *                  - Newly expired options should be removed from the special_jvm_flags and aliased_jvm_flags tables.
 467  *                  - Newly obsolete or expired deprecated options should have their global variable
 468  *                    definitions removed (from globals.hpp, etc) and related implementations removed.
 469  *
 470  * Recommended approach for removing options:
 471  *
 472  * To remove options commonly used by customers (e.g. product, commercial -XX options), use
 473  * the 3-step model adding major release numbers to the deprecate, obsolete and expire columns.
 474  *
 475  * To remove internal options (e.g. diagnostic, experimental, develop options), use
 476  * a 2-step model adding major release numbers to the obsolete and expire columns.
 477  *
 478  * To change the name of an option, use the alias table as well as a 2-step
 479  * model adding major release numbers to the deprecate and expire columns.
 480  * Think twice about aliasing commonly used customer options.
 481  *
 482  * There are times when it is appropriate to leave a future release number as undefined.
 483  *
 484  * Tests:  Aliases should be tested in VMAliasOptions.java.
 485  *         Deprecated options should be tested in VMDeprecatedOptions.java.
 486  */
 487 
 488 // The special_jvm_flags table declares options that are being deprecated and/or obsoleted. The
 489 // "deprecated_in" or "obsolete_in" fields may be set to "undefined", but not both.
 490 // When the JDK version reaches 'deprecated_in' limit, the JVM will process this flag on
 491 // the command-line as usual, but will issue a warning.
 492 // When the JDK version reaches 'obsolete_in' limit, the JVM will continue accepting this flag on
 493 // the command-line, while issuing a warning and ignoring the flag value.
 494 // Once the JDK version reaches 'expired_in' limit, the JVM will flatly refuse to admit the
 495 // existence of the flag.
 496 //
 497 // MANUAL CLEANUP ON JDK VERSION UPDATES:
 498 // This table ensures that the handling of options will update automatically when the JDK
 499 // version is incremented, but the source code needs to be cleanup up manually:
 500 // - As "deprecated" options age into "obsolete" or "expired" options, the associated "globals"
 501 //   variable should be removed, as well as users of the variable.
 502 // - As "deprecated" options age into "obsolete" options, move the entry into the
 503 //   "Obsolete Flags" section of the table.
 504 // - All expired options should be removed from the table.
 505 static SpecialFlag const special_jvm_flags[] = {
 506   // -------------- Deprecated Flags --------------
 507   // --- Non-alias flags - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
 508   { "MaxGCMinorPauseMillis",        JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 509   { "UseConcMarkSweepGC",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 510   { "AssumeMP",                     JDK_Version::jdk(10),JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 511   { "MonitorInUseLists",            JDK_Version::jdk(10),JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 512   { "MaxRAMFraction",               JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 513   { "MinRAMFraction",               JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 514   { "InitialRAMFraction",           JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 515   { "UseMembar",                    JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 516   { "SafepointSpinBeforeYield",     JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(11), JDK_Version::jdk(12) },
 517   { "DeferThrSuspendLoopCount",     JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(11), JDK_Version::jdk(12) },
 518   { "DeferPollingPageLoopCount",    JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(11), JDK_Version::jdk(12) },
 519   { "IgnoreUnverifiableClassesDuringDump", JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 520   { "CheckEndorsedAndExtDirs",      JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 521   { "CompilerThreadHintNoPreempt",  JDK_Version::jdk(11), JDK_Version::jdk(12), JDK_Version::jdk(13) },
 522   { "VMThreadHintNoPreempt",        JDK_Version::jdk(11), JDK_Version::jdk(12), JDK_Version::jdk(13) },
 523 
 524   // --- Deprecated alias flags (see also aliased_jvm_flags) - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
 525   { "DefaultMaxRAMFraction",        JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 526   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",        JDK_Version::jdk(9),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 527   { "MustCallLoadClassInternal",    JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(11), JDK_Version::jdk(12) },
 528   { "UnsyncloadClass",              JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(11), JDK_Version::jdk(12) },
 529 
 530   // -------------- Obsolete Flags - sorted by expired_in --------------
 531   { "ConvertSleepToYield",           JDK_Version::jdk(9),      JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(11) },
 532   { "ConvertYieldToSleep",           JDK_Version::jdk(9),      JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(11) },
 533   { "MinSleepInterval",              JDK_Version::jdk(9),      JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(11) },
 534   { "CheckAssertionStatusDirectives",JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(11), JDK_Version::jdk(12) },
 535   { "PrintMallocFree",               JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(11), JDK_Version::jdk(12) },
 536   { "PrintMalloc",                   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(11), JDK_Version::jdk(12) },
 537   { "ShowSafepointMsgs",             JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(11), JDK_Version::jdk(12) },
 538   { "FastTLABRefill",                JDK_Version::jdk(10),     JDK_Version::jdk(11), JDK_Version::jdk(12) },
 539   { "PermSize",                      JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::undefined() },
 540   { "MaxPermSize",                   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::undefined() },
 541   { "SharedReadWriteSize",           JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 542   { "SharedReadOnlySize",            JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 543   { "SharedMiscDataSize",            JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 544   { "SharedMiscCodeSize",            JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 545   { "UseUTCFileTimestamp",           JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(11), JDK_Version::jdk(12) },
 546 
 547 #ifdef TEST_VERIFY_SPECIAL_JVM_FLAGS
 548   { "dep > obs",                    JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 549   { "dep > exp ",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 550   { "obs > exp ",                   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 551   { "not deprecated or obsolete",   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 552   { "dup option",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 553   { "dup option",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 554   { "BytecodeVerificationRemote",   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 555 #endif
 556 
 557   { NULL, JDK_Version(0), JDK_Version(0) }
 558 };
 559 
 560 // Flags that are aliases for other flags.
 561 typedef struct {
 562   const char* alias_name;
 563   const char* real_name;
 564 } AliasedFlag;
 565 
 566 static AliasedFlag const aliased_jvm_flags[] = {
 567   { "DefaultMaxRAMFraction",    "MaxRAMFraction"    },
 568   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",    "CreateCoredumpOnCrash" },
 569   { NULL, NULL}
 570 };
 571 
 572 // NOTE: A compatibility request will be necessary for each alias to be removed.
 573 static AliasedLoggingFlag const aliased_logging_flags[] = {
 574   { "PrintCompressedOopsMode",   LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(gc, heap, coops) },
 575   { "PrintSharedSpaces",         LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(cds) },
 576   { "TraceBiasedLocking",        LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(biasedlocking) },
 577   { "TraceClassLoading",         LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, load) },
 578   { "TraceClassLoadingPreorder", LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(class, preorder) },
 579   { "TraceClassPaths",           LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, path) },
 580   { "TraceClassResolution",      LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(class, resolve) },
 581   { "TraceClassUnloading",       LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, unload) },
 582   { "TraceExceptions",           LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(exceptions) },
 583   { "TraceLoaderConstraints",    LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, loader, constraints) },
 584   { "TraceMonitorInflation",     LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(monitorinflation) },
 585   { "TraceSafepointCleanupTime", LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(safepoint, cleanup) },
 586   { "TraceJVMTIObjectTagging",   LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(jvmti, objecttagging) },
 587   { "TraceRedefineClasses",      LogLevel::Info,  false, LOG_TAGS(redefine, class) },
 588   { NULL,                        LogLevel::Off,   false, LOG_TAGS(_NO_TAG) }
 589 };
 590 
 591 #ifndef PRODUCT
 592 // These options are removed in jdk9. Remove this code for jdk10.
 593 static AliasedFlag const removed_develop_logging_flags[] = {
 594   { "TraceClassInitialization",   "-Xlog:class+init" },
 595   { "TraceClassLoaderData",       "-Xlog:class+loader+data" },
 596   { "TraceDefaultMethods",        "-Xlog:defaultmethods=debug" },
 597   { "TraceItables",               "-Xlog:itables=debug" },
 598   { "TraceMonitorMismatch",       "-Xlog:monitormismatch=info" },
 599   { "TraceSafepoint",             "-Xlog:safepoint=debug" },
 600   { "TraceStartupTime",           "-Xlog:startuptime" },
 601   { "TraceVMOperation",           "-Xlog:vmoperation=debug" },
 602   { "PrintVtables",               "-Xlog:vtables=debug" },
 603   { "VerboseVerification",        "-Xlog:verification" },
 604   { NULL, NULL }
 605 };
 606 #endif //PRODUCT
 607 
 608 // Return true if "v" is less than "other", where "other" may be "undefined".
 609 static bool version_less_than(JDK_Version v, JDK_Version other) {
 610   assert(!v.is_undefined(), "must be defined");
 611   if (!other.is_undefined() && v.compare(other) >= 0) {
 612     return false;
 613   } else {
 614     return true;
 615   }
 616 }
 617 
 618 extern bool lookup_special_flag_ext(const char *flag_name, SpecialFlag& flag);
 619 
 620 static bool lookup_special_flag(const char *flag_name, SpecialFlag& flag) {
 621   // Allow extensions to have priority
 622   if (lookup_special_flag_ext(flag_name, flag)) {
 623     return true;
 624   }
 625 
 626   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 627     if ((strcmp(special_jvm_flags[i].name, flag_name) == 0)) {
 628       flag = special_jvm_flags[i];
 629       return true;
 630     }
 631   }
 632   return false;
 633 }
 634 
 635 bool Arguments::is_obsolete_flag(const char *flag_name, JDK_Version* version) {
 636   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 637   SpecialFlag flag;
 638   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
 639     if (!flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 640       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in)) {
 641         *version = flag.obsolete_in;
 642         return true;
 643       }
 644     }
 645   }
 646   return false;
 647 }
 648 
 649 int Arguments::is_deprecated_flag(const char *flag_name, JDK_Version* version) {
 650   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 651   SpecialFlag flag;
 652   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
 653     if (!flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined()) {
 654       if (version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in) &&
 655           version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 656         *version = flag.deprecated_in;
 657         return 1;
 658       } else {
 659         return -1;
 660       }
 661     }
 662   }
 663   return 0;
 664 }
 665 
 666 #ifndef PRODUCT
 667 const char* Arguments::removed_develop_logging_flag_name(const char* name){
 668   for (size_t i = 0; removed_develop_logging_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
 669     const AliasedFlag& flag = removed_develop_logging_flags[i];
 670     if (strcmp(flag.alias_name, name) == 0) {
 671       return flag.real_name;
 672     }
 673   }
 674   return NULL;
 675 }
 676 #endif // PRODUCT
 677 
 678 const char* Arguments::real_flag_name(const char *flag_name) {
 679   for (size_t i = 0; aliased_jvm_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
 680     const AliasedFlag& flag_status = aliased_jvm_flags[i];
 681     if (strcmp(flag_status.alias_name, flag_name) == 0) {
 682         return flag_status.real_name;
 683     }
 684   }
 685   return flag_name;
 686 }
 687 
 688 #ifdef ASSERT
 689 static bool lookup_special_flag(const char *flag_name, size_t skip_index) {
 690   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 691     if ((i != skip_index) && (strcmp(special_jvm_flags[i].name, flag_name) == 0)) {
 692       return true;
 693     }
 694   }
 695   return false;
 696 }
 697 
 698 // Verifies the correctness of the entries in the special_jvm_flags table.
 699 // If there is a semantic error (i.e. a bug in the table) such as the obsoletion
 700 // version being earlier than the deprecation version, then a warning is issued
 701 // and verification fails - by returning false. If it is detected that the table
 702 // is out of date, with respect to the current version, then a warning is issued
 703 // but verification does not fail. This allows the VM to operate when the version
 704 // is first updated, without needing to update all the impacted flags at the
 705 // same time.
 706 static bool verify_special_jvm_flags() {
 707   bool success = true;
 708   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 709     const SpecialFlag& flag = special_jvm_flags[i];
 710     if (lookup_special_flag(flag.name, i)) {
 711       warning("Duplicate special flag declaration \"%s\"", flag.name);
 712       success = false;
 713     }
 714     if (flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined() &&
 715         flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 716       warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must declare version deprecated and/or obsoleted in.", flag.name);
 717       success = false;
 718     }
 719 
 720     if (!flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined()) {
 721       if (!version_less_than(flag.deprecated_in, flag.obsolete_in)) {
 722         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be deprecated before obsoleted.", flag.name);
 723         success = false;
 724       }
 725 
 726       if (!version_less_than(flag.deprecated_in, flag.expired_in)) {
 727         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be deprecated before expired.", flag.name);
 728         success = false;
 729       }
 730     }
 731 
 732     if (!flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 733       if (!version_less_than(flag.obsolete_in, flag.expired_in)) {
 734         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be obsoleted before expired.", flag.name);
 735         success = false;
 736       }
 737 
 738       // if flag has become obsolete it should not have a "globals" flag defined anymore.
 739       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in)) {
 740         if (Flag::find_flag(flag.name) != NULL) {
 741           // Temporarily disable the warning: 8196739
 742           // warning("Global variable for obsolete special flag entry \"%s\" should be removed", flag.name);
 743         }
 744       }
 745     }
 746 
 747     if (!flag.expired_in.is_undefined()) {
 748       // if flag has become expired it should not have a "globals" flag defined anymore.
 749       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 750         if (Flag::find_flag(flag.name) != NULL) {
 751           // Temporarily disable the warning: 8196739
 752           // warning("Global variable for expired flag entry \"%s\" should be removed", flag.name);
 753         }
 754       }
 755     }
 756 
 757   }
 758   return success;
 759 }
 760 #endif
 761 
 762 // Parses a size specification string.
 763 bool Arguments::atojulong(const char *s, julong* result) {
 764   julong n = 0;
 765 
 766   // First char must be a digit. Don't allow negative numbers or leading spaces.
 767   if (!isdigit(*s)) {
 768     return false;
 769   }
 770 
 771   bool is_hex = (s[0] == '0' && (s[1] == 'x' || s[1] == 'X'));
 772   char* remainder;
 773   errno = 0;
 774   n = strtoull(s, &remainder, (is_hex ? 16 : 10));
 775   if (errno != 0) {
 776     return false;
 777   }
 778 
 779   // Fail if no number was read at all or if the remainder contains more than a single non-digit character.
 780   if (remainder == s || strlen(remainder) > 1) {
 781     return false;
 782   }
 783 
 784   switch (*remainder) {
 785     case 'T': case 't':
 786       *result = n * G * K;
 787       // Check for overflow.
 788       if (*result/((julong)G * K) != n) return false;
 789       return true;
 790     case 'G': case 'g':
 791       *result = n * G;
 792       if (*result/G != n) return false;
 793       return true;
 794     case 'M': case 'm':
 795       *result = n * M;
 796       if (*result/M != n) return false;
 797       return true;
 798     case 'K': case 'k':
 799       *result = n * K;
 800       if (*result/K != n) return false;
 801       return true;
 802     case '\0':
 803       *result = n;
 804       return true;
 805     default:
 806       return false;
 807   }
 808 }
 809 
 810 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(julong size, julong min_size, julong max_size) {
 811   if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
 812   if (size > max_size) return arg_too_big;
 813   return arg_in_range;
 814 }
 815 
 816 // Describe an argument out of range error
 817 void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
 818   switch(errcode) {
 819   case arg_too_big:
 820     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 821                 "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
 822                 "representable size.\n");
 823     break;
 824   case arg_too_small:
 825   case arg_unreadable:
 826   case arg_in_range:
 827     // do nothing for now
 828     break;
 829   default:
 830     ShouldNotReachHere();
 831   }
 832 }
 833 
 834 static bool set_bool_flag(const char* name, bool value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 835   if (CommandLineFlags::boolAtPut(name, &value, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 836     return true;
 837   } else {
 838     return false;
 839   }
 840 }
 841 
 842 static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(const char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 843   char* end;
 844   errno = 0;
 845   double v = strtod(value, &end);
 846   if ((errno != 0) || (*end != 0)) {
 847     return false;
 848   }
 849 
 850   if (CommandLineFlags::doubleAtPut(name, &v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 851     return true;
 852   }
 853   return false;
 854 }
 855 
 856 static bool set_numeric_flag(const char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 857   julong v;
 858   int int_v;
 859   intx intx_v;
 860   bool is_neg = false;
 861   Flag* result = Flag::find_flag(name, strlen(name));
 862 
 863   if (result == NULL) {
 864     return false;
 865   }
 866 
 867   // Check the sign first since atojulong() parses only unsigned values.
 868   if (*value == '-') {
 869     if (!result->is_intx() && !result->is_int()) {
 870       return false;
 871     }
 872     value++;
 873     is_neg = true;
 874   }
 875   if (!Arguments::atojulong(value, &v)) {
 876     return false;
 877   }
 878   if (result->is_int()) {
 879     int_v = (int) v;
 880     if (is_neg) {
 881       int_v = -int_v;
 882     }
 883     return CommandLineFlags::intAtPut(result, &int_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 884   } else if (result->is_uint()) {
 885     uint uint_v = (uint) v;
 886     return CommandLineFlags::uintAtPut(result, &uint_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 887   } else if (result->is_intx()) {
 888     intx_v = (intx) v;
 889     if (is_neg) {
 890       intx_v = -intx_v;
 891     }
 892     return CommandLineFlags::intxAtPut(result, &intx_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 893   } else if (result->is_uintx()) {
 894     uintx uintx_v = (uintx) v;
 895     return CommandLineFlags::uintxAtPut(result, &uintx_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 896   } else if (result->is_uint64_t()) {
 897     uint64_t uint64_t_v = (uint64_t) v;
 898     return CommandLineFlags::uint64_tAtPut(result, &uint64_t_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 899   } else if (result->is_size_t()) {
 900     size_t size_t_v = (size_t) v;
 901     return CommandLineFlags::size_tAtPut(result, &size_t_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 902   } else if (result->is_double()) {
 903     double double_v = (double) v;
 904     return CommandLineFlags::doubleAtPut(result, &double_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 905   } else {
 906     return false;
 907   }
 908 }
 909 
 910 static bool set_string_flag(const char* name, const char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 911   if (CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin) != Flag::SUCCESS) return false;
 912   // Contract:  CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 913   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 914   return true;
 915 }
 916 
 917 static bool append_to_string_flag(const char* name, const char* new_value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 918   const char* old_value = "";
 919   if (CommandLineFlags::ccstrAt(name, &old_value) != Flag::SUCCESS) return false;
 920   size_t old_len = old_value != NULL ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
 921   size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
 922   const char* value;
 923   char* free_this_too = NULL;
 924   if (old_len == 0) {
 925     value = new_value;
 926   } else if (new_len == 0) {
 927     value = old_value;
 928   } else {
 929      size_t length = old_len + 1 + new_len + 1;
 930      char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtArguments);
 931     // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
 932     jio_snprintf(buf, length, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
 933     value = buf;
 934     free_this_too = buf;
 935   }
 936   (void) CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 937   // CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 938   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 939   if (free_this_too != NULL) {
 940     // CommandLineFlags made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
 941     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too);
 942   }
 943   return true;
 944 }
 945 
 946 const char* Arguments::handle_aliases_and_deprecation(const char* arg, bool warn) {
 947   const char* real_name = real_flag_name(arg);
 948   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
 949   switch (is_deprecated_flag(arg, &since)) {
 950     case -1:
 951       return NULL; // obsolete or expired, don't process normally
 952     case 0:
 953       return real_name;
 954     case 1: {
 955       if (warn) {
 956         char version[256];
 957         since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
 958         if (real_name != arg) {
 959           warning("Option %s was deprecated in version %s and will likely be removed in a future release. Use option %s instead.",
 960                   arg, version, real_name);
 961         } else {
 962           warning("Option %s was deprecated in version %s and will likely be removed in a future release.",
 963                   arg, version);
 964         }
 965       }
 966       return real_name;
 967     }
 968   }
 969   ShouldNotReachHere();
 970   return NULL;
 971 }
 972 
 973 void log_deprecated_flag(const char* name, bool on, AliasedLoggingFlag alf) {
 974   LogTagType tagSet[] = {alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5};
 975   // Set tagset string buffer at max size of 256, large enough for any alias tagset
 976   const int max_tagset_size = 256;
 977   int max_tagset_len = max_tagset_size - 1;
 978   char tagset_buffer[max_tagset_size];
 979   tagset_buffer[0] = '\0';
 980 
 981   // Write tag-set for aliased logging option, in string list form
 982   int max_tags = sizeof(tagSet)/sizeof(tagSet[0]);
 983   for (int i = 0; i < max_tags && tagSet[i] != LogTag::__NO_TAG; i++) {
 984     if (i > 0) {
 985       strncat(tagset_buffer, "+", max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 986     }
 987     strncat(tagset_buffer, LogTag::name(tagSet[i]), max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 988   }
 989   if (!alf.exactMatch) {
 990       strncat(tagset_buffer, "*", max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 991   }
 992   log_warning(arguments)("-XX:%s%s is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:%s=%s instead.",
 993                          (on) ? "+" : "-",
 994                          name,
 995                          tagset_buffer,
 996                          (on) ? LogLevel::name(alf.level) : "off");
 997 }
 998 
 999 AliasedLoggingFlag Arguments::catch_logging_aliases(const char* name, bool on){
1000   for (size_t i = 0; aliased_logging_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
1001     const AliasedLoggingFlag& alf = aliased_logging_flags[i];
1002     if (strcmp(alf.alias_name, name) == 0) {
1003       log_deprecated_flag(name, on, alf);
1004       return alf;
1005     }
1006   }
1007   AliasedLoggingFlag a = {NULL, LogLevel::Off, false, LOG_TAGS(_NO_TAG)};
1008   return a;
1009 }
1010 
1011 bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, Flag::Flags origin) {
1012 
1013   // range of acceptable characters spelled out for portability reasons
1014 #define NAME_RANGE  "[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_]"
1015 #define BUFLEN 255
1016   char name[BUFLEN+1];
1017   char dummy;
1018   const char* real_name;
1019   bool warn_if_deprecated = true;
1020 
1021   if (sscanf(arg, "-%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
1022     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, false);
1023     if (alf.alias_name != NULL){
1024       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Off, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
1025       return true;
1026     }
1027     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1028     if (real_name == NULL) {
1029       return false;
1030     }
1031     return set_bool_flag(real_name, false, origin);
1032   }
1033   if (sscanf(arg, "+%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
1034     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, true);
1035     if (alf.alias_name != NULL){
1036       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(alf.level, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
1037       return true;
1038     }
1039     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1040     if (real_name == NULL) {
1041       return false;
1042     }
1043     return set_bool_flag(real_name, true, origin);
1044   }
1045 
1046   char punct;
1047   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
1048     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
1049     Flag* flag;
1050 
1051     // this scanf pattern matches both strings (handled here) and numbers (handled later))
1052     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, true);
1053     if (alf.alias_name != NULL) {
1054       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(alf.level, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
1055       return true;
1056     }
1057     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1058     if (real_name == NULL) {
1059       return false;
1060     }
1061     flag = Flag::find_flag(real_name);
1062     if (flag != NULL && flag->is_ccstr()) {
1063       if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
1064         return append_to_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
1065       } else {
1066         if (value[0] == '\0') {
1067           value = NULL;
1068         }
1069         return set_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
1070       }
1071     } else {
1072       warn_if_deprecated = false; // if arg is deprecated, we've already done warning...
1073     }
1074   }
1075 
1076   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE ":%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
1077     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
1078     // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
1079     if (value[0] == '\0') {
1080       value = NULL;
1081     }
1082     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1083     if (real_name == NULL) {
1084       return false;
1085     }
1086     return set_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
1087   }
1088 
1089 #define SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "[-0123456789.eE+]"
1090 #define SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE    "[-0123456789]"
1091 #define        NUMBER_RANGE    "[0123456789eE+-]"
1092   char value[BUFLEN + 1];
1093   char value2[BUFLEN + 1];
1094   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE "." "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, value2, &dummy) == 3) {
1095     // Looks like a floating-point number -- try again with more lenient format string
1096     if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
1097       real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1098       if (real_name == NULL) {
1099         return false;
1100       }
1101       return set_fp_numeric_flag(real_name, value, origin);
1102     }
1103   }
1104 
1105 #define VALUE_RANGE "[-kmgtxKMGTX0123456789abcdefABCDEF]"
1106   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) VALUE_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
1107     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1108     if (real_name == NULL) {
1109       return false;
1110     }
1111     return set_numeric_flag(real_name, value, origin);
1112   }
1113 
1114   return false;
1115 }
1116 
1117 void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
1118   assert(bldarray != NULL, "illegal argument");
1119 
1120   if (arg == NULL) {
1121     return;
1122   }
1123 
1124   int new_count = *count + 1;
1125 
1126   // expand the array and add arg to the last element
1127   if (*bldarray == NULL) {
1128     *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, new_count, mtArguments);
1129   } else {
1130     *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, new_count, mtArguments);
1131   }
1132   (*bldarray)[*count] = os::strdup_check_oom(arg);
1133   *count = new_count;
1134 }
1135 
1136 void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
1137   add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
1138 }
1139 
1140 void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
1141   add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
1142 }
1143 
1144 // utility function to return a string that concatenates all
1145 // strings in a given char** array
1146 const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
1147   if (args == NULL || count == 0) {
1148     return NULL;
1149   }
1150   size_t length = 0;
1151   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1152     length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space or NULL terminating character
1153   }
1154   char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
1155   char* dst = s;
1156   for (int j = 0; j < count; j++) {
1157     size_t offset = strlen(args[j]) + 1; // add 1 for a space or NULL terminating character
1158     jio_snprintf(dst, length, "%s ", args[j]); // jio_snprintf will replace the last space character with NULL character
1159     dst += offset;
1160     length -= offset;
1161   }
1162   return (const char*) s;
1163 }
1164 
1165 void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
1166   st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
1167   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
1168     st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
1169     st->cr();
1170   }
1171   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
1172     st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
1173     st->cr();
1174   }
1175   st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
1176   if (_java_class_path != NULL) {
1177     char* path = _java_class_path->value();
1178     st->print_cr("java_class_path (initial): %s", strlen(path) == 0 ? "<not set>" : path );
1179   }
1180   st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
1181 }
1182 
1183 void Arguments::print_summary_on(outputStream* st) {
1184   // Print the command line.  Environment variables that are helpful for
1185   // reproducing the problem are written later in the hs_err file.
1186   // flags are from setting file
1187   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
1188     st->print_raw("Settings File: ");
1189     print_jvm_flags_on(st);
1190     st->cr();
1191   }
1192   // args are the command line and environment variable arguments.
1193   st->print_raw("Command Line: ");
1194   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
1195     print_jvm_args_on(st);
1196   }
1197   // this is the classfile and any arguments to the java program
1198   if (java_command() != NULL) {
1199     st->print("%s", java_command());
1200   }
1201   st->cr();
1202 }
1203 
1204 void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
1205   if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
1206     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
1207       st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
1208     }
1209   }
1210 }
1211 
1212 void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
1213   if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
1214     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
1215       st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
1216     }
1217   }
1218 }
1219 
1220 bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg,
1221                                  jboolean ignore_unrecognized,
1222                                  Flag::Flags origin) {
1223   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
1224 
1225   if (parse_argument(arg, origin)) {
1226     return true;
1227   }
1228 
1229   // Determine if the flag has '+', '-', or '=' characters.
1230   bool has_plus_minus = (*arg == '+' || *arg == '-');
1231   const char* const argname = has_plus_minus ? arg + 1 : arg;
1232 
1233   size_t arg_len;
1234   const char* equal_sign = strchr(argname, '=');
1235   if (equal_sign == NULL) {
1236     arg_len = strlen(argname);
1237   } else {
1238     arg_len = equal_sign - argname;
1239   }
1240 
1241   // Only make the obsolete check for valid arguments.
1242   if (arg_len <= BUFLEN) {
1243     // Construct a string which consists only of the argument name without '+', '-', or '='.
1244     char stripped_argname[BUFLEN+1]; // +1 for '\0'
1245     jio_snprintf(stripped_argname, arg_len+1, "%s", argname); // +1 for '\0'
1246     if (is_obsolete_flag(stripped_argname, &since)) {
1247       char version[256];
1248       since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
1249       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", stripped_argname, version);
1250       return true;
1251     }
1252 #ifndef PRODUCT
1253     else {
1254       const char* replacement;
1255       if ((replacement = removed_develop_logging_flag_name(stripped_argname)) != NULL){
1256         log_warning(arguments)("%s has been removed. Please use %s instead.",
1257                                stripped_argname,
1258                                replacement);
1259         return false;
1260       }
1261     }
1262 #endif //PRODUCT
1263   }
1264 
1265   // For locked flags, report a custom error message if available.
1266   // Otherwise, report the standard unrecognized VM option.
1267   Flag* found_flag = Flag::find_flag((const char*)argname, arg_len, true, true);
1268   if (found_flag != NULL) {
1269     char locked_message_buf[BUFLEN];
1270     Flag::MsgType msg_type = found_flag->get_locked_message(locked_message_buf, BUFLEN);
1271     if (strlen(locked_message_buf) == 0) {
1272       if (found_flag->is_bool() && !has_plus_minus) {
1273         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1274           "Missing +/- setting for VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1275       } else if (!found_flag->is_bool() && has_plus_minus) {
1276         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1277           "Unexpected +/- setting in VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1278       } else {
1279         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1280           "Improperly specified VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1281       }
1282     } else {
1283 #ifdef PRODUCT
1284       bool mismatched = ((msg_type == Flag::NOTPRODUCT_FLAG_BUT_PRODUCT_BUILD) ||
1285                          (msg_type == Flag::DEVELOPER_FLAG_BUT_PRODUCT_BUILD));
1286       if (ignore_unrecognized && mismatched) {
1287         return true;
1288       }
1289 #endif
1290       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s", locked_message_buf);
1291     }
1292   } else {
1293     if (ignore_unrecognized) {
1294       return true;
1295     }
1296     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1297                 "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1298     Flag* fuzzy_matched = Flag::fuzzy_match((const char*)argname, arg_len, true);
1299     if (fuzzy_matched != NULL) {
1300       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1301                   "Did you mean '%s%s%s'? ",
1302                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "(+/-)" : "",
1303                   fuzzy_matched->_name,
1304                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "" : "=<value>");
1305     }
1306   }
1307 
1308   // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
1309   return arg[0] == '#';
1310 }
1311 
1312 bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
1313   FILE* stream = fopen(file_name, "rb");
1314   if (stream == NULL) {
1315     if (should_exist) {
1316       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1317                   "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
1318       return false;
1319     } else {
1320       return true;
1321     }
1322   }
1323 
1324   char token[1024];
1325   int  pos = 0;
1326 
1327   bool in_white_space = true;
1328   bool in_comment     = false;
1329   bool in_quote       = false;
1330   char quote_c        = 0;
1331   bool result         = true;
1332 
1333   int c = getc(stream);
1334   while(c != EOF && pos < (int)(sizeof(token)-1)) {
1335     if (in_white_space) {
1336       if (in_comment) {
1337         if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
1338       } else {
1339         if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
1340         else if (!isspace(c)) {
1341           in_white_space = false;
1342           token[pos++] = c;
1343         }
1344       }
1345     } else {
1346       if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace(c))) {
1347         // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
1348         // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
1349         token[pos] = '\0';
1350         logOption(token);
1351         result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
1352         build_jvm_flags(token);
1353         pos = 0;
1354         in_white_space = true;
1355         in_quote = false;
1356       } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
1357         in_quote = true;
1358         quote_c = c;
1359       } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
1360         in_quote = false;
1361       } else {
1362         token[pos++] = c;
1363       }
1364     }
1365     c = getc(stream);
1366   }
1367   if (pos > 0) {
1368     token[pos] = '\0';
1369     result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
1370     build_jvm_flags(token);
1371   }
1372   fclose(stream);
1373   return result;
1374 }
1375 
1376 //=============================================================================================================
1377 // Parsing of properties (-D)
1378 
1379 const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
1380   return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
1381 }
1382 
1383 bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop, PropertyWriteable writeable, PropertyInternal internal) {
1384   const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
1385   const char* key;
1386   const char* value = "";
1387 
1388   if (eq == NULL) {
1389     // property doesn't have a value, thus use passed string
1390     key = prop;
1391   } else {
1392     // property have a value, thus extract it and save to the
1393     // allocated string
1394     size_t key_len = eq - prop;
1395     char* tmp_key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, mtArguments);
1396 
1397     jio_snprintf(tmp_key, key_len + 1, "%s", prop);
1398     key = tmp_key;
1399 
1400     value = &prop[key_len + 1];
1401   }
1402 
1403   if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
1404     process_java_compiler_argument(value);
1405     // Record value in Arguments, but let it get passed to Java.
1406   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm") == 0 ||
1407              strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.pid") == 0) {
1408     // sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm and sun.java.launcher.pid property are
1409     // private and are processed in process_sun_java_launcher_properties();
1410     // the sun.java.launcher property is passed on to the java application
1411   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.boot.library.path") == 0) {
1412     // append is true, writable is true, internal is false
1413     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, AppendProperty,
1414                             WriteableProperty, ExternalProperty);
1415   } else {
1416     if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
1417       char *old_java_command = _java_command;
1418       _java_command = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtArguments);
1419       if (old_java_command != NULL) {
1420         os::free(old_java_command);
1421       }
1422     } else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
1423       const char* old_java_vendor_url_bug = _java_vendor_url_bug;
1424       // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
1425       // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
1426       _java_vendor_url_bug = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtArguments);
1427       if (old_java_vendor_url_bug != DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG) {
1428         assert(old_java_vendor_url_bug != NULL, "_java_vendor_url_bug is NULL");
1429         os::free((void *)old_java_vendor_url_bug);
1430       }
1431     }
1432 
1433     // Create new property and add at the end of the list
1434     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, AddProperty, writeable, internal);
1435   }
1436 
1437   if (key != prop) {
1438     // SystemProperty copy passed value, thus free previously allocated
1439     // memory
1440     FreeHeap((void *)key);
1441   }
1442 
1443   return true;
1444 }
1445 
1446 #if INCLUDE_CDS
1447 void Arguments::check_unsupported_dumping_properties() {
1448   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "this function is only used with -Xshare:dump");
1449   const char* unsupported_properties[] = { "jdk.module.main",
1450                                            "jdk.module.limitmods",
1451                                            "jdk.module.path",
1452                                            "jdk.module.upgrade.path",
1453                                            "jdk.module.patch.0" };
1454   const char* unsupported_options[] = { "-m", // cannot use at dump time
1455                                         "--limit-modules", // ignored at dump time
1456                                         "--module-path", // ignored at dump time
1457                                         "--upgrade-module-path", // ignored at dump time
1458                                         "--patch-module" // ignored at dump time
1459                                       };
1460   assert(ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_properties) == ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_options), "must be");
1461   // If a vm option is found in the unsupported_options array with index less than the info_idx,
1462   // vm will exit with an error message. Otherwise, it will print an informational message if
1463   // -Xlog:cds is enabled.
1464   uint info_idx = 1;
1465   SystemProperty* sp = system_properties();
1466   while (sp != NULL) {
1467     for (uint i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_properties); i++) {
1468       if (strcmp(sp->key(), unsupported_properties[i]) == 0) {
1469         if (i < info_idx) {
1470           vm_exit_during_initialization(
1471             "Cannot use the following option when dumping the shared archive", unsupported_options[i]);
1472         } else {
1473           log_info(cds)("Info: the %s option is ignored when dumping the shared archive",
1474                         unsupported_options[i]);
1475         }
1476       }
1477     }
1478     sp = sp->next();
1479   }
1480 
1481   // Check for an exploded module build in use with -Xshare:dump.
1482   if (!has_jimage()) {
1483     vm_exit_during_initialization("Dumping the shared archive is not supported with an exploded module build");
1484   }
1485 }
1486 #endif
1487 
1488 //===========================================================================================================
1489 // Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
1490 
1491 void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
1492   // Set up default values for all flags.
1493   // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
1494   // add a default value for it here.
1495   set_java_compiler(false);
1496   _mode                      = mode;
1497 
1498   // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
1499   // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
1500   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
1501                           VM_Version::vm_info_string(), AddProperty, UnwriteableProperty, ExternalProperty);
1502 
1503   UseInterpreter             = true;
1504   UseCompiler                = true;
1505   UseLoopCounter             = true;
1506 
1507   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
1508   // use the saved values
1509   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
1510   AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1511   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
1512   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
1513   if (TieredCompilation) {
1514     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog)) {
1515       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
1516     }
1517     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(Tier4InvocationThreshold)) {
1518       Tier4InvocationThreshold = Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold;
1519     }
1520   }
1521 
1522   // Change from defaults based on mode
1523   switch (mode) {
1524   default:
1525     ShouldNotReachHere();
1526     break;
1527   case _int:
1528     UseCompiler              = false;
1529     UseLoopCounter           = false;
1530     AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
1531     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
1532     break;
1533   case _mixed:
1534     // same as default
1535     break;
1536   case _comp:
1537     UseInterpreter           = false;
1538     BackgroundCompilation    = false;
1539     ClipInlining             = false;
1540     // Be much more aggressive in tiered mode with -Xcomp and exercise C2 more.
1541     // We will first compile a level 3 version (C1 with full profiling), then do one invocation of it and
1542     // compile a level 4 (C2) and then continue executing it.
1543     if (TieredCompilation) {
1544       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1545       Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1546     }
1547     break;
1548   }
1549 }
1550 
1551 // Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
1552 // incompatible command line options were chosen.
1553 static void no_shared_spaces(const char* message) {
1554   if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1555     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1556       "Class data sharing is inconsistent with other specified options.\n");
1557     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive.", message);
1558   } else {
1559     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
1560   }
1561 }
1562 
1563 // Returns threshold scaled with the value of scale.
1564 // If scale < 0.0, threshold is returned without scaling.
1565 intx Arguments::scaled_compile_threshold(intx threshold, double scale) {
1566   if (scale == 1.0 || scale < 0.0) {
1567     return threshold;
1568   } else {
1569     return (intx)(threshold * scale);
1570   }
1571 }
1572 
1573 // Returns freq_log scaled with the value of scale.
1574 // Returned values are in the range of [0, InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits + 1].
1575 // If scale < 0.0, freq_log is returned without scaling.
1576 intx Arguments::scaled_freq_log(intx freq_log, double scale) {
1577   // Check if scaling is necessary or if negative value was specified.
1578   if (scale == 1.0 || scale < 0.0) {
1579     return freq_log;
1580   }
1581   // Check values to avoid calculating log2 of 0.
1582   if (scale == 0.0 || freq_log == 0) {
1583     return 0;
1584   }
1585   // Determine the maximum notification frequency value currently supported.
1586   // The largest mask value that the interpreter/C1 can handle is
1587   // of length InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits. Mask values are always
1588   // one bit shorter then the value of the notification frequency. Set
1589   // max_freq_bits accordingly.
1590   intx max_freq_bits = InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits + 1;
1591   intx scaled_freq = scaled_compile_threshold((intx)1 << freq_log, scale);
1592   if (scaled_freq == 0) {
1593     // Return 0 right away to avoid calculating log2 of 0.
1594     return 0;
1595   } else if (scaled_freq > nth_bit(max_freq_bits)) {
1596     return max_freq_bits;
1597   } else {
1598     return log2_intptr(scaled_freq);
1599   }
1600 }
1601 
1602 void Arguments::set_tiered_flags() {
1603   // With tiered, set default policy to AdvancedThresholdPolicy, which is 3.
1604   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice)) {
1605     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice, 3);
1606   }
1607   if (CompilationPolicyChoice < 2) {
1608     vm_exit_during_initialization(
1609       "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
1610   }
1611   // Increase the code cache size - tiered compiles a lot more.
1612   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1613     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize,
1614                   MIN2(CODE_CACHE_DEFAULT_LIMIT, ReservedCodeCacheSize * 5));
1615   }
1616   // Enable SegmentedCodeCache if TieredCompilation is enabled and ReservedCodeCacheSize >= 240M
1617   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SegmentedCodeCache) && ReservedCodeCacheSize >= 240*M) {
1618     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, SegmentedCodeCache, true);
1619   }
1620   if (!UseInterpreter) { // -Xcomp
1621     Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1622     Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1623   }
1624 
1625   if (CompileThresholdScaling < 0) {
1626     vm_exit_during_initialization("Negative value specified for CompileThresholdScaling", NULL);
1627   }
1628 
1629   // Scale tiered compilation thresholds.
1630   // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is equivalent to -Xint and leaves compilation thresholds unchanged.
1631   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThresholdScaling) && CompileThresholdScaling > 0.0) {
1632     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1633     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1634 
1635     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3InvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3InvocationThreshold));
1636     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3MinInvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3MinInvocationThreshold));
1637     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3CompileThreshold));
1638     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3BackEdgeThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3BackEdgeThreshold));
1639 
1640     // Tier2{Invocation,MinInvocation,Compile,Backedge}Threshold should be scaled here
1641     // once these thresholds become supported.
1642 
1643     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1644     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1645 
1646     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1647     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1648 
1649     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog));
1650 
1651     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4InvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4InvocationThreshold));
1652     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4MinInvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4MinInvocationThreshold));
1653     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4CompileThreshold));
1654     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4BackEdgeThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4BackEdgeThreshold));
1655   }
1656 }
1657 
1658 void set_object_alignment() {
1659   // Object alignment.
1660   assert(is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes), "ObjectAlignmentInBytes must be power of 2");
1661   MinObjAlignmentInBytes     = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1662   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes >= HeapWordsPerLong * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is too small");
1663   MinObjAlignment            = MinObjAlignmentInBytes / HeapWordSize;
1664   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes == MinObjAlignment * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is incorrect");
1665   MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask = MinObjAlignmentInBytes - 1;
1666 
1667   LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes  = exact_log2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1668   LogMinObjAlignment         = LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes - LogHeapWordSize;
1669 
1670   // Oop encoding heap max
1671   OopEncodingHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1) << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1672 
1673   if (SurvivorAlignmentInBytes == 0) {
1674     SurvivorAlignmentInBytes = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1675   }
1676 }
1677 
1678 size_t Arguments::max_heap_for_compressed_oops() {
1679   // Avoid sign flip.
1680   assert(OopEncodingHeapMax > (uint64_t)os::vm_page_size(), "Unusual page size");
1681   // We need to fit both the NULL page and the heap into the memory budget, while
1682   // keeping alignment constraints of the heap. To guarantee the latter, as the
1683   // NULL page is located before the heap, we pad the NULL page to the conservative
1684   // maximum alignment that the GC may ever impose upon the heap.
1685   size_t displacement_due_to_null_page = align_up((size_t)os::vm_page_size(),
1686                                                   _conservative_max_heap_alignment);
1687 
1688   LP64_ONLY(return OopEncodingHeapMax - displacement_due_to_null_page);
1689   NOT_LP64(ShouldNotReachHere(); return 0);
1690 }
1691 
1692 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_oops() {
1693 #ifndef ZERO
1694 #ifdef _LP64
1695   // MaxHeapSize is not set up properly at this point, but
1696   // the only value that can override MaxHeapSize if we are
1697   // to use UseCompressedOops is InitialHeapSize.
1698   size_t max_heap_size = MAX2(MaxHeapSize, InitialHeapSize);
1699 
1700   if (max_heap_size <= max_heap_for_compressed_oops()) {
1701 #if !defined(COMPILER1) || defined(TIERED)
1702     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1703       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedOops, true);
1704     }
1705 #endif
1706   } else {
1707     if (UseCompressedOops && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1708       warning("Max heap size too large for Compressed Oops");
1709       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false);
1710       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1711     }
1712   }
1713 #endif // _LP64
1714 #endif // ZERO
1715 }
1716 
1717 
1718 // NOTE: set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1719 // set_use_compressed_oops().
1720 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() {
1721 #ifndef ZERO
1722 #ifdef _LP64
1723   // UseCompressedOops must be on for UseCompressedClassPointers to be on.
1724   if (!UseCompressedOops) {
1725     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1726       warning("UseCompressedClassPointers requires UseCompressedOops");
1727     }
1728     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1729   } else {
1730     // Turn on UseCompressedClassPointers too
1731     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers)) {
1732       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedClassPointers, true);
1733     }
1734     // Check the CompressedClassSpaceSize to make sure we use compressed klass ptrs.
1735     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1736       if (CompressedClassSpaceSize > KlassEncodingMetaspaceMax) {
1737         warning("CompressedClassSpaceSize is too large for UseCompressedClassPointers");
1738         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1739       }
1740     }
1741   }
1742 #endif // _LP64
1743 #endif // !ZERO
1744 }
1745 
1746 void Arguments::set_conservative_max_heap_alignment() {
1747   // The conservative maximum required alignment for the heap is the maximum of
1748   // the alignments imposed by several sources: any requirements from the heap
1749   // itself, the collector policy and the maximum page size we may run the VM
1750   // with.
1751   size_t heap_alignment = GCArguments::arguments()->conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1752   _conservative_max_heap_alignment = MAX4(heap_alignment,
1753                                           (size_t)os::vm_allocation_granularity(),
1754                                           os::max_page_size(),
1755                                           CollectorPolicy::compute_heap_alignment());
1756 }
1757 
1758 #ifdef TIERED
1759 bool Arguments::compilation_mode_selected() {
1760  return !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TieredCompilation) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TieredStopAtLevel) ||
1761         !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseAOT) JVMCI_ONLY(|| !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EnableJVMCI) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseJVMCICompiler));
1762 
1763 }
1764 
1765 void Arguments::select_compilation_mode_ergonomically() {
1766 #if defined(_WINDOWS) && !defined(_LP64)
1767   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NeverActAsServerClassMachine)) {
1768     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, NeverActAsServerClassMachine, true);
1769   }
1770 #endif
1771   if (NeverActAsServerClassMachine) {
1772     set_client_compilation_mode();
1773   }
1774 }
1775 #endif //TIERED
1776 
1777 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
1778 void Arguments::set_jvmci_specific_flags() {
1779   if (UseJVMCICompiler) {
1780     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileWidth)) {
1781       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(TypeProfileWidth, 8);
1782     }
1783     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OnStackReplacePercentage)) {
1784       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OnStackReplacePercentage, 933);
1785     }
1786     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1787       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize, 64*M);
1788     }
1789     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialCodeCacheSize)) {
1790       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InitialCodeCacheSize, 16*M);
1791     }
1792     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MetaspaceSize)) {
1793       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MetaspaceSize, 12*M);
1794     }
1795     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSizeThreadIncrease)) {
1796       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(NewSizeThreadIncrease, 4*K);
1797     }
1798     if (TieredStopAtLevel != CompLevel_full_optimization) {
1799       // Currently JVMCI compiler can only work at the full optimization level
1800       warning("forcing TieredStopAtLevel to full optimization because JVMCI is enabled");
1801       TieredStopAtLevel = CompLevel_full_optimization;
1802     }
1803     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel)) {
1804       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel, 0);
1805     }
1806   }
1807 }
1808 #endif
1809 
1810 jint Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
1811 #ifdef TIERED
1812   if (!compilation_mode_selected()) {
1813     select_compilation_mode_ergonomically();
1814   }
1815 #endif
1816 
1817   jint gc_result = GCArguments::initialize();
1818   if (gc_result != JNI_OK) {
1819     return gc_result;
1820   }
1821 
1822 #if COMPILER2_OR_JVMCI
1823   // Shared spaces work fine with other GCs but causes bytecode rewriting
1824   // to be disabled, which hurts interpreter performance and decreases
1825   // server performance.  When -server is specified, keep the default off
1826   // unless it is asked for.  Future work: either add bytecode rewriting
1827   // at link time, or rewrite bytecodes in non-shared methods.
1828   if (is_server_compilation_mode_vm() && !DumpSharedSpaces && !RequireSharedSpaces &&
1829       (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces) || !UseSharedSpaces)) {
1830     no_shared_spaces("COMPILER2 default: -Xshare:auto | off, have to manually setup to on.");
1831   }
1832 #endif
1833 
1834 #if defined(IA32)
1835   // Only server compiler can optimize safepoints well enough.
1836   if (!is_server_compilation_mode_vm()) {
1837     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(bool, ThreadLocalHandshakes, false);
1838   }
1839 #endif
1840 
1841   set_conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1842 
1843 #ifndef ZERO
1844 #ifdef _LP64
1845   set_use_compressed_oops();
1846 
1847   // set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1848   // set_use_compressed_oops().
1849   set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs();
1850 
1851   // Also checks that certain machines are slower with compressed oops
1852   // in vm_version initialization code.
1853 #endif // _LP64
1854 #endif // !ZERO
1855 
1856   return JNI_OK;
1857 }
1858 
1859 void Arguments::set_gc_specific_flags() {
1860   // Set GC flags
1861   GCArguments::arguments()->initialize_flags();
1862 }
1863 
1864 julong Arguments::limit_by_allocatable_memory(julong limit) {
1865   julong max_allocatable;
1866   julong result = limit;
1867   if (os::has_allocatable_memory_limit(&max_allocatable)) {
1868     result = MIN2(result, max_allocatable / MaxVirtMemFraction);
1869   }
1870   return result;
1871 }
1872 
1873 // Use static initialization to get the default before parsing
1874 static const size_t DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress = HeapBaseMinAddress;
1875 
1876 void Arguments::set_heap_size() {
1877   julong phys_mem =
1878     FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM) ? MIN2(os::physical_memory(), (julong)MaxRAM)
1879                             : (julong)MaxRAM;
1880 
1881   // Convert deprecated flags
1882   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAMPercentage) &&
1883       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAMFraction))
1884     MaxRAMPercentage = 100.0 / MaxRAMFraction;
1885 
1886   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinRAMPercentage) &&
1887       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinRAMFraction))
1888     MinRAMPercentage = 100.0 / MinRAMFraction;
1889 
1890   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialRAMPercentage) &&
1891       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialRAMFraction))
1892     InitialRAMPercentage = 100.0 / InitialRAMFraction;
1893 
1894   // If the maximum heap size has not been set with -Xmx,
1895   // then set it as fraction of the size of physical memory,
1896   // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1897   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1898     julong reasonable_max = (julong)((phys_mem * MaxRAMPercentage) / 100);
1899     const julong reasonable_min = (julong)((phys_mem * MinRAMPercentage) / 100);
1900     if (reasonable_min < MaxHeapSize) {
1901       // Small physical memory, so use a minimum fraction of it for the heap
1902       reasonable_max = reasonable_min;
1903     } else {
1904       // Not-small physical memory, so require a heap at least
1905       // as large as MaxHeapSize
1906       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1907     }
1908 
1909     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ErgoHeapSizeLimit) && ErgoHeapSizeLimit != 0) {
1910       // Limit the heap size to ErgoHeapSizeLimit
1911       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, (julong)ErgoHeapSizeLimit);
1912     }
1913     if (UseCompressedOops) {
1914       // Limit the heap size to the maximum possible when using compressed oops
1915       julong max_coop_heap = (julong)max_heap_for_compressed_oops();
1916 
1917       // HeapBaseMinAddress can be greater than default but not less than.
1918       if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(HeapBaseMinAddress)) {
1919         if (HeapBaseMinAddress < DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress) {
1920           // matches compressed oops printing flags
1921           log_debug(gc, heap, coops)("HeapBaseMinAddress must be at least " SIZE_FORMAT
1922                                      " (" SIZE_FORMAT "G) which is greater than value given " SIZE_FORMAT,
1923                                      DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress,
1924                                      DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress/G,
1925                                      HeapBaseMinAddress);
1926           FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, HeapBaseMinAddress, DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress);
1927         }
1928       }
1929 
1930       if (HeapBaseMinAddress + MaxHeapSize < max_coop_heap) {
1931         // Heap should be above HeapBaseMinAddress to get zero based compressed oops
1932         // but it should be not less than default MaxHeapSize.
1933         max_coop_heap -= HeapBaseMinAddress;
1934       }
1935       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, max_coop_heap);
1936     }
1937     reasonable_max = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_max);
1938 
1939     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialHeapSize)) {
1940       // An initial heap size was specified on the command line,
1941       // so be sure that the maximum size is consistent.  Done
1942       // after call to limit_by_allocatable_memory because that
1943       // method might reduce the allocation size.
1944       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)InitialHeapSize);
1945     }
1946 
1947     log_trace(gc, heap)("  Maximum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t) reasonable_max);
1948     FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, MaxHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_max);
1949   }
1950 
1951   // If the minimum or initial heap_size have not been set or requested to be set
1952   // ergonomically, set them accordingly.
1953   if (InitialHeapSize == 0 || min_heap_size() == 0) {
1954     julong reasonable_minimum = (julong)(OldSize + NewSize);
1955 
1956     reasonable_minimum = MIN2(reasonable_minimum, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1957 
1958     reasonable_minimum = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_minimum);
1959 
1960     if (InitialHeapSize == 0) {
1961       julong reasonable_initial = (julong)((phys_mem * InitialRAMPercentage) / 100);
1962 
1963       reasonable_initial = MAX3(reasonable_initial, reasonable_minimum, (julong)min_heap_size());
1964       reasonable_initial = MIN2(reasonable_initial, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1965 
1966       reasonable_initial = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_initial);
1967 
1968       log_trace(gc, heap)("  Initial heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
1969       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, InitialHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
1970     }
1971     // If the minimum heap size has not been set (via -Xms),
1972     // synchronize with InitialHeapSize to avoid errors with the default value.
1973     if (min_heap_size() == 0) {
1974       set_min_heap_size(MIN2((size_t)reasonable_minimum, InitialHeapSize));
1975       log_trace(gc, heap)("  Minimum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, min_heap_size());
1976     }
1977   }
1978 }
1979 
1980 // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
1981 // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
1982 // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
1983 // amounts of cpu and memory.
1984 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_heap_flags() {
1985   // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
1986   // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
1987   // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
1988   // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
1989   // calculations.
1990   julong initHeapSize;
1991   julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
1992 
1993   if (total_memory < (julong) 256 * M) {
1994     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1995             "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
1996     vm_exit(1);
1997   }
1998 
1999   // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
2000   // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
2001   // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
2002   // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
2003 
2004   initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong) 2,
2005           total_memory - (julong) 160 * M);
2006 
2007   initHeapSize = limit_by_allocatable_memory(initHeapSize);
2008 
2009   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
2010     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2011       return JNI_EINVAL;
2012     }
2013     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, InitialHeapSize, initHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2014       return JNI_EINVAL;
2015     }
2016     // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2017     set_min_heap_size(initHeapSize);
2018   }
2019   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
2020     // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
2021     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSize,
2022             ((julong) MaxHeapSize / (julong) 8) * (julong) 3) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2023       return JNI_EINVAL;
2024     }
2025     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxNewSize, NewSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2026       return JNI_EINVAL;
2027     }
2028   }
2029 
2030 #if !defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) && !defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
2031   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
2032 #endif
2033 
2034   // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
2035   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, BaseFootPrintEstimate, MaxHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2036     return JNI_EINVAL;
2037   }
2038   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2039     return JNI_EINVAL;
2040   }
2041   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, TLABSize, 256 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2042     return JNI_EINVAL;
2043   }
2044 
2045   // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
2046   // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
2047   // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
2048   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, YoungPLABSize, 256 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) { // Note: this is in words
2049     return JNI_EINVAL;
2050   }
2051 
2052   // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
2053   // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
2054   // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
2055   // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
2056   // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
2057   // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
2058   // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
2059   // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
2060   // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
2061   // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
2062   // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
2063   // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
2064   // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
2065   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, OldPLABSize, 8 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) { // Note: this is in words
2066     return JNI_EINVAL;
2067   }
2068 
2069   // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
2070   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseParallelGC, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2071     return JNI_EINVAL;
2072   }
2073 
2074   // Encourage steady state memory management
2075   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ThresholdTolerance, 100) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2076     return JNI_EINVAL;
2077   }
2078 
2079   // This appears to improve mutator locality
2080   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2081     return JNI_EINVAL;
2082   }
2083 
2084   // Get around early Solaris scheduling bug
2085   // (affinity vs other jobs on system)
2086   // but disallow DR and offlining (5008695).
2087   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BindGCTaskThreadsToCPUs, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2088     return JNI_EINVAL;
2089   }
2090 
2091   return JNI_OK;
2092 }
2093 
2094 // This must be called after ergonomics.
2095 void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
2096   if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
2097     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
2098   }
2099 }
2100 
2101 // Aggressive optimization flags  -XX:+AggressiveOpts
2102 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
2103 #ifdef COMPILER2
2104   if (AggressiveUnboxing) {
2105     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
2106       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
2107     } else if (!EliminateAutoBox) {
2108       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because EliminateAutoBox is disabled");
2109       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
2110     }
2111     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis)) {
2112       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis, true);
2113     } else if (!DoEscapeAnalysis) {
2114       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because DoEscapeAnalysis is disabled");
2115       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
2116     }
2117   }
2118   if (AggressiveOpts || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
2119     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
2120       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
2121     }
2122     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
2123       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax, 20000);
2124     }
2125 
2126     // Feed the cache size setting into the JDK
2127     char buffer[1024];
2128     jio_snprintf(buffer, 1024, "java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high=" INTX_FORMAT, AutoBoxCacheMax);
2129     if (!add_property(buffer)) {
2130       return JNI_ENOMEM;
2131     }
2132   }
2133   if (AggressiveOpts && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay)) {
2134     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay, 500);
2135   }
2136 #endif
2137 
2138   if (AggressiveOpts) {
2139 // Sample flag setting code
2140 //    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing)) {
2141 //      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing, true);
2142 //    }
2143   }
2144 
2145   return JNI_OK;
2146 }
2147 
2148 //===========================================================================================================
2149 // Parsing of java.compiler property
2150 
2151 void Arguments::process_java_compiler_argument(const char* arg) {
2152   // For backwards compatibility, Djava.compiler=NONE or ""
2153   // causes us to switch to -Xint mode UNLESS -Xdebug
2154   // is also specified.
2155   if (strlen(arg) == 0 || strcasecmp(arg, "NONE") == 0) {
2156     set_java_compiler(true);    // "-Djava.compiler[=...]" most recently seen.
2157   }
2158 }
2159 
2160 void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
2161   _sun_java_launcher = os::strdup_check_oom(launcher);
2162 }
2163 
2164 bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
2165   assert(_sun_java_launcher != NULL, "property must have value");
2166   return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
2167 }
2168 
2169 bool Arguments::sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm() {
2170   return _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm;
2171 }
2172 
2173 //===========================================================================================================
2174 // Parsing of main arguments
2175 
2176 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
2177 // Check consistency of jvmci vm argument settings.
2178 bool Arguments::check_jvmci_args_consistency() {
2179    return JVMCIGlobals::check_jvmci_flags_are_consistent();
2180 }
2181 #endif //INCLUDE_JVMCI
2182 
2183 // Check consistency of GC selection
2184 bool Arguments::check_gc_consistency() {
2185   // Ensure that the user has not selected conflicting sets
2186   // of collectors.
2187   uint i = 0;
2188   if (UseSerialGC)                       i++;
2189   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC)                i++;
2190   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) i++;
2191   if (UseG1GC)                           i++;
2192   if (i > 1) {
2193     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2194                 "Conflicting collector combinations in option list; "
2195                 "please refer to the release notes for the combinations "
2196                 "allowed\n");
2197     return false;
2198   }
2199 
2200   return true;
2201 }
2202 
2203 // Check the consistency of vm_init_args
2204 bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
2205   // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
2206   // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
2207   // before returning an error.
2208   // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
2209   bool status = true;
2210 
2211   if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
2212     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2213                 "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
2214                 "not " SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
2215                 TLABRefillWasteFraction);
2216     status = false;
2217   }
2218 
2219   if (FullGCALot && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount)) {
2220     MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount = 1;  // Move objects every gc.
2221   }
2222 
2223   if (!(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC)) {
2224     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2225   }
2226 
2227   if (GCTimeLimit == 100) {
2228     // Turn off gc-overhead-limit-exceeded checks
2229     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
2230   }
2231 
2232   status = status && check_gc_consistency();
2233 
2234   // CMS space iteration, which FLSVerifyAllHeapreferences entails,
2235   // insists that we hold the requisite locks so that the iteration is
2236   // MT-safe. For the verification at start-up and shut-down, we don't
2237   // yet have a good way of acquiring and releasing these locks,
2238   // which are not visible at the CollectedHeap level. We want to
2239   // be able to acquire these locks and then do the iteration rather
2240   // than just disable the lock verification. This will be fixed under
2241   // bug 4788986.
2242   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences) {
2243     if (VerifyDuringStartup) {
2244       warning("Heap verification at start-up disabled "
2245               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2246       VerifyDuringStartup = false; // Disable verification at start-up
2247     }
2248 
2249     if (VerifyBeforeExit) {
2250       warning("Heap verification at shutdown disabled "
2251               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2252       VerifyBeforeExit = false; // Disable verification at shutdown
2253     }
2254   }
2255 
2256   if (PrintNMTStatistics) {
2257 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2258     if (MemTracker::tracking_level() == NMT_off) {
2259 #endif // INCLUDE_NMT
2260       warning("PrintNMTStatistics is disabled, because native memory tracking is not enabled");
2261       PrintNMTStatistics = false;
2262 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2263     }
2264 #endif
2265   }
2266 
2267 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
2268   status = status && check_jvmci_args_consistency();
2269 
2270   if (EnableJVMCI) {
2271     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "jdk.internal.vm.ci.enabled", "true",
2272         AddProperty, UnwriteableProperty, InternalProperty);
2273 
2274     if (!ScavengeRootsInCode) {
2275       warning("forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero because JVMCI is enabled");
2276       ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
2277     }
2278   }
2279 #endif
2280 
2281   // Check lower bounds of the code cache
2282   // Template Interpreter code is approximately 3X larger in debug builds.
2283   uint min_code_cache_size = CodeCacheMinimumUseSpace DEBUG_ONLY(* 3);
2284   if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < InitialCodeCacheSize) {
2285     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2286                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize: %dK. Must be at least InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK.\n",
2287                 ReservedCodeCacheSize/K, InitialCodeCacheSize/K);
2288     status = false;
2289   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < min_code_cache_size) {
2290     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2291                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/K,
2292                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2293     status = false;
2294   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize > CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT) {
2295     // Code cache size larger than CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT is not supported.
2296     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2297                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dM. Must be at most %uM.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/M,
2298                 CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT/M);
2299     status = false;
2300   } else if (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize < min_code_cache_size) {
2301     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2302                 "Invalid NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", NonNMethodCodeHeapSize/K,
2303                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2304     status = false;
2305   }
2306 
2307 #ifdef _LP64
2308   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCount) && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCountPerCPU) && CICompilerCountPerCPU) {
2309     warning("The VM option CICompilerCountPerCPU overrides CICompilerCount.");
2310   }
2311 #endif
2312 
2313 #ifndef SUPPORT_RESERVED_STACK_AREA
2314   if (StackReservedPages != 0) {
2315     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, StackReservedPages, 0);
2316     warning("Reserved Stack Area not supported on this platform");
2317   }
2318 #endif
2319 
2320   if (BackgroundCompilation && (CompileTheWorld || ReplayCompiles)) {
2321     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(BackgroundCompilation)) {
2322       warning("BackgroundCompilation disabled due to CompileTheWorld or ReplayCompiles options.");
2323     }
2324     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
2325   }
2326   if (UseCompiler && is_interpreter_only()) {
2327     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompiler)) {
2328       warning("UseCompiler disabled due to -Xint.");
2329     }
2330     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseCompiler, false);
2331   }
2332 #ifdef COMPILER2
2333   if (PostLoopMultiversioning && !RangeCheckElimination) {
2334     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(PostLoopMultiversioning)) {
2335       warning("PostLoopMultiversioning disabled because RangeCheckElimination is disabled.");
2336     }
2337     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PostLoopMultiversioning, false);
2338   }
2339   if (UseCountedLoopSafepoints && LoopStripMiningIter == 0) {
2340     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCountedLoopSafepoints) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LoopStripMiningIter)) {
2341       warning("When counted loop safepoints are enabled, LoopStripMiningIter must be at least 1 (a safepoint every 1 iteration): setting it to 1");
2342     }
2343     LoopStripMiningIter = 1;
2344   } else if (!UseCountedLoopSafepoints && LoopStripMiningIter > 0) {
2345     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCountedLoopSafepoints) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LoopStripMiningIter)) {
2346       warning("Disabling counted safepoints implies no loop strip mining: setting LoopStripMiningIter to 0");
2347     }
2348     LoopStripMiningIter = 0;
2349   }
2350   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LoopStripMiningIterShortLoop)) {
2351     // blind guess
2352     LoopStripMiningIterShortLoop = LoopStripMiningIter / 10;
2353   }
2354 #endif
2355   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AllocateHeapAt)) {
2356     if ((UseNUMAInterleaving && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving)) || (UseNUMA && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMA))) {
2357       log_warning(arguments) ("NUMA support for Heap depends on the file system when AllocateHeapAt option is used.\n");
2358     }
2359   }
2360   return status;
2361 }
2362 
2363 bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
2364   const char* option_type) {
2365   if (ignore) return false;
2366 
2367   const char* spacer = " ";
2368   if (option_type == NULL) {
2369     option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
2370   }
2371 
2372   if (os::obsolete_option(option)) {
2373     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2374                 "Obsolete %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2375       option->optionString);
2376     return false;
2377   } else {
2378     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2379                 "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2380       option->optionString);
2381     return true;
2382   }
2383 }
2384 
2385 static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
2386   "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", 0
2387 };
2388 
2389 static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
2390   "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", 0
2391 };
2392 
2393 bool Arguments::parse_uintx(const char* value,
2394                             uintx* uintx_arg,
2395                             uintx min_size) {
2396 
2397   // Check the sign first since atojulong() parses only unsigned values.
2398   bool value_is_positive = !(*value == '-');
2399 
2400   if (value_is_positive) {
2401     julong n;
2402     bool good_return = atojulong(value, &n);
2403     if (good_return) {
2404       bool above_minimum = n >= min_size;
2405       bool value_is_too_large = n > max_uintx;
2406 
2407       if (above_minimum && !value_is_too_large) {
2408         *uintx_arg = n;
2409         return true;
2410       }
2411     }
2412   }
2413   return false;
2414 }
2415 
2416 unsigned int addreads_count = 0;
2417 unsigned int addexports_count = 0;
2418 unsigned int addopens_count = 0;
2419 unsigned int addmods_count = 0;
2420 unsigned int patch_mod_count = 0;
2421 
2422 bool Arguments::create_property(const char* prop_name, const char* prop_value, PropertyInternal internal) {
2423   size_t prop_len = strlen(prop_name) + strlen(prop_value) + 2;
2424   char* property = AllocateHeap(prop_len, mtArguments);
2425   int ret = jio_snprintf(property, prop_len, "%s=%s", prop_name, prop_value);
2426   if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)prop_len) {
2427     FreeHeap(property);
2428     return false;
2429   }
2430   bool added = add_property(property, UnwriteableProperty, internal);
2431   FreeHeap(property);
2432   return added;
2433 }
2434 
2435 bool Arguments::create_numbered_property(const char* prop_base_name, const char* prop_value, unsigned int count) {
2436   const unsigned int props_count_limit = 1000;
2437   const int max_digits = 3;
2438   const int extra_symbols_count = 3; // includes '.', '=', '\0'
2439 
2440   // Make sure count is < props_count_limit. Otherwise, memory allocation will be too small.
2441   if (count < props_count_limit) {
2442     size_t prop_len = strlen(prop_base_name) + strlen(prop_value) + max_digits + extra_symbols_count;
2443     char* property = AllocateHeap(prop_len, mtArguments);
2444     int ret = jio_snprintf(property, prop_len, "%s.%d=%s", prop_base_name, count, prop_value);
2445     if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)prop_len) {
2446       FreeHeap(property);
2447       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "Failed to create property %s.%d=%s\n", prop_base_name, count, prop_value);
2448       return false;
2449     }
2450     bool added = add_property(property, UnwriteableProperty, InternalProperty);
2451     FreeHeap(property);
2452     return added;
2453   }
2454 
2455   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "Property count limit exceeded: %s, limit=%d\n", prop_base_name, props_count_limit);
2456   return false;
2457 }
2458 
2459 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
2460                                                   julong* long_arg,
2461                                                   julong min_size,
2462                                                   julong max_size) {
2463   if (!atojulong(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
2464   return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size, max_size);
2465 }
2466 
2467 // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
2468 
2469 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs *java_tool_options_args,
2470                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *java_options_args,
2471                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *cmd_line_args) {
2472   bool patch_mod_javabase = false;
2473 
2474   // Save default settings for some mode flags
2475   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
2476   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
2477   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
2478   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
2479   if (TieredCompilation) {
2480     Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
2481     Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold = Tier4InvocationThreshold;
2482   }
2483 
2484   // Setup flags for mixed which is the default
2485   set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2486 
2487   // Parse args structure generated from JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment
2488   // variable (if present).
2489   jint result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(java_tool_options_args, &patch_mod_javabase, Flag::ENVIRON_VAR);
2490   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2491     return result;
2492   }
2493 
2494   // Parse args structure generated from the command line flags.
2495   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(cmd_line_args, &patch_mod_javabase, Flag::COMMAND_LINE);
2496   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2497     return result;
2498   }
2499 
2500   // Parse args structure generated from the _JAVA_OPTIONS environment
2501   // variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
2502   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(java_options_args, &patch_mod_javabase, Flag::ENVIRON_VAR);
2503   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2504     return result;
2505   }
2506 
2507   // We need to ensure processor and memory resources have been properly
2508   // configured - which may rely on arguments we just processed - before
2509   // doing the final argument processing. Any argument processing that
2510   // needs to know about processor and memory resources must occur after
2511   // this point.
2512 
2513   os::init_container_support();
2514 
2515   // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
2516   result = finalize_vm_init_args(patch_mod_javabase);
2517   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2518     return result;
2519   }
2520 
2521   return JNI_OK;
2522 }
2523 
2524 // Checks if name in command-line argument -agent{lib,path}:name[=options]
2525 // represents a valid JDWP agent.  is_path==true denotes that we
2526 // are dealing with -agentpath (case where name is a path), otherwise with
2527 // -agentlib
2528 bool valid_jdwp_agent(char *name, bool is_path) {
2529   char *_name;
2530   const char *_jdwp = "jdwp";
2531   size_t _len_jdwp, _len_prefix;
2532 
2533   if (is_path) {
2534     if ((_name = strrchr(name, (int) *os::file_separator())) == NULL) {
2535       return false;
2536     }
2537 
2538     _name++;  // skip past last path separator
2539     _len_prefix = strlen(JNI_LIB_PREFIX);
2540 
2541     if (strncmp(_name, JNI_LIB_PREFIX, _len_prefix) != 0) {
2542       return false;
2543     }
2544 
2545     _name += _len_prefix;
2546     _len_jdwp = strlen(_jdwp);
2547 
2548     if (strncmp(_name, _jdwp, _len_jdwp) == 0) {
2549       _name += _len_jdwp;
2550     }
2551     else {
2552       return false;
2553     }
2554 
2555     if (strcmp(_name, JNI_LIB_SUFFIX) != 0) {
2556       return false;
2557     }
2558 
2559     return true;
2560   }
2561 
2562   if (strcmp(name, _jdwp) == 0) {
2563     return true;
2564   }
2565 
2566   return false;
2567 }
2568 
2569 int Arguments::process_patch_mod_option(const char* patch_mod_tail, bool* patch_mod_javabase) {
2570   // --patch-module=<module>=<file>(<pathsep><file>)*
2571   assert(patch_mod_tail != NULL, "Unexpected NULL patch-module value");
2572   // Find the equal sign between the module name and the path specification
2573   const char* module_equal = strchr(patch_mod_tail, '=');
2574   if (module_equal == NULL) {
2575     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "Missing '=' in --patch-module specification\n");
2576     return JNI_ERR;
2577   } else {
2578     // Pick out the module name
2579     size_t module_len = module_equal - patch_mod_tail;
2580     char* module_name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, module_len+1, mtArguments);
2581     if (module_name != NULL) {
2582       memcpy(module_name, patch_mod_tail, module_len);
2583       *(module_name + module_len) = '\0';
2584       // The path piece begins one past the module_equal sign
2585       add_patch_mod_prefix(module_name, module_equal + 1, patch_mod_javabase);
2586       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, module_name);
2587       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.patch", patch_mod_tail, patch_mod_count++)) {
2588         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2589       }
2590     } else {
2591       return JNI_ENOMEM;
2592     }
2593   }
2594   return JNI_OK;
2595 }
2596 
2597 // Parse -Xss memory string parameter and convert to ThreadStackSize in K.
2598 jint Arguments::parse_xss(const JavaVMOption* option, const char* tail, intx* out_ThreadStackSize) {
2599   // The min and max sizes match the values in globals.hpp, but scaled
2600   // with K. The values have been chosen so that alignment with page
2601   // size doesn't change the max value, which makes the conversions
2602   // back and forth between Xss value and ThreadStackSize value easier.
2603   // The values have also been chosen to fit inside a 32-bit signed type.
2604   const julong min_ThreadStackSize = 0;
2605   const julong max_ThreadStackSize = 1 * M;
2606 
2607   const julong min_size = min_ThreadStackSize * K;
2608   const julong max_size = max_ThreadStackSize * K;
2609 
2610   assert(is_aligned(max_size, os::vm_page_size()), "Implementation assumption");
2611 
2612   julong size = 0;
2613   ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &size, min_size, max_size);
2614   if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2615     bool silent = (option == NULL); // Allow testing to silence error messages
2616     if (!silent) {
2617       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2618                   "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2619       describe_range_error(errcode);
2620     }
2621     return JNI_EINVAL;
2622   }
2623 
2624   // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
2625   const julong size_aligned = align_up(size, K);
2626   assert(size <= size_aligned,
2627          "Overflow: " JULONG_FORMAT " " JULONG_FORMAT,
2628          size, size_aligned);
2629 
2630   const julong size_in_K = size_aligned / K;
2631   assert(size_in_K < (julong)max_intx,
2632          "size_in_K doesn't fit in the type of ThreadStackSize: " JULONG_FORMAT,
2633          size_in_K);
2634 
2635   // Check that code expanding ThreadStackSize to a page aligned number of bytes won't overflow.
2636   const julong max_expanded = align_up(size_in_K * K, os::vm_page_size());
2637   assert(max_expanded < max_uintx && max_expanded >= size_in_K,
2638          "Expansion overflowed: " JULONG_FORMAT " " JULONG_FORMAT,
2639          max_expanded, size_in_K);
2640 
2641   *out_ThreadStackSize = (intx)size_in_K;
2642 
2643   return JNI_OK;
2644 }
2645 
2646 jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args, bool* patch_mod_javabase, Flag::Flags origin) {
2647   // For match_option to return remaining or value part of option string
2648   const char* tail;
2649 
2650   // iterate over arguments
2651   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2652     bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
2653 
2654     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
2655 
2656     if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
2657         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
2658         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
2659 
2660         // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
2661         // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
2662         // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
2663         // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
2664         // string constant object.
2665         build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
2666     }
2667 
2668     // -verbose:[class/module/gc/jni]
2669     if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
2670       if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
2671         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, load));
2672         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, unload));
2673       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":module")) {
2674         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(module, load));
2675         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(module, unload));
2676       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
2677         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(gc));
2678       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2679         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintJNIResolving, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2680           return JNI_EINVAL;
2681         }
2682       }
2683     // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
2684     // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
2685     // -da:java.lang.Thread.
2686     } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
2687       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2688       if (*tail == '\0') {
2689         JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
2690       } else {
2691         assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
2692         JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
2693       }
2694     // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
2695     } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
2696       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2697       JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
2698     // -bootclasspath:
2699     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
2700         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2701           "-Xbootclasspath is no longer a supported option.\n");
2702         return JNI_EINVAL;
2703     // -bootclasspath/a:
2704     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
2705       Arguments::append_sysclasspath(tail);
2706     // -bootclasspath/p:
2707     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
2708         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2709           "-Xbootclasspath/p is no longer a supported option.\n");
2710         return JNI_EINVAL;
2711     // -Xrun
2712     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
2713       if (tail != NULL) {
2714         const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
2715         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2716         char* name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtArguments);
2717         jio_snprintf(name, len + 1, "%s", tail);
2718 
2719         char *options = NULL;
2720         if(pos != NULL) {
2721           size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
2722           options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2, mtArguments), pos+1, len2);
2723         }
2724 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2725         if (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0) {
2726           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2727             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2728           return JNI_ERR;
2729         }
2730 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2731         add_init_library(name, options);
2732       }
2733     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-reads=", &tail)) {
2734       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addreads", tail, addreads_count++)) {
2735         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2736       }
2737     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-exports=", &tail)) {
2738       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addexports", tail, addexports_count++)) {
2739         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2740       }
2741     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-opens=", &tail)) {
2742       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addopens", tail, addopens_count++)) {
2743         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2744       }
2745     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-modules=", &tail)) {
2746       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", tail, addmods_count++)) {
2747         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2748       }
2749     } else if (match_option(option, "--limit-modules=", &tail)) {
2750       if (!create_property("jdk.module.limitmods", tail, InternalProperty)) {
2751         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2752       }
2753     } else if (match_option(option, "--module-path=", &tail)) {
2754       if (!create_property("jdk.module.path", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2755         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2756       }
2757     } else if (match_option(option, "--upgrade-module-path=", &tail)) {
2758       if (!create_property("jdk.module.upgrade.path", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2759         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2760       }
2761     } else if (match_option(option, "--patch-module=", &tail)) {
2762       // --patch-module=<module>=<file>(<pathsep><file>)*
2763       int res = process_patch_mod_option(tail, patch_mod_javabase);
2764       if (res != JNI_OK) {
2765         return res;
2766       }
2767     } else if (match_option(option, "--illegal-access=", &tail)) {
2768       if (!create_property("jdk.module.illegalAccess", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2769         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2770       }
2771     // -agentlib and -agentpath
2772     } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
2773           (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
2774       if(tail != NULL) {
2775         const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
2776         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2777         char* name = strncpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtArguments), tail, len);
2778         name[len] = '\0';
2779 
2780         char *options = NULL;
2781         if(pos != NULL) {
2782           options = os::strdup_check_oom(pos + 1, mtArguments);
2783         }
2784 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2785         if (valid_jdwp_agent(name, is_absolute_path)) {
2786           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2787             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2788           return JNI_ERR;
2789         }
2790 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2791         add_init_agent(name, options, is_absolute_path);
2792       }
2793     // -javaagent
2794     } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
2795 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2796       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2797         "Instrumentation agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2798       return JNI_ERR;
2799 #else
2800       if (tail != NULL) {
2801         size_t length = strlen(tail) + 1;
2802         char *options = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtArguments);
2803         jio_snprintf(options, length, "%s", tail);
2804         add_instrument_agent("instrument", options, false);
2805         // java agents need module java.instrument
2806         if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", "java.instrument", addmods_count++)) {
2807           return JNI_ENOMEM;
2808         }
2809       }
2810 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2811     // -Xnoclassgc
2812     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc")) {
2813       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ClassUnloading, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2814         return JNI_EINVAL;
2815       }
2816     // -Xconcgc
2817     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcgc")) {
2818       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2819         return JNI_EINVAL;
2820       }
2821       handle_extra_cms_flags("-Xconcgc uses UseConcMarkSweepGC");
2822     // -Xnoconcgc
2823     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoconcgc")) {
2824       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2825         return JNI_EINVAL;
2826       }
2827       handle_extra_cms_flags("-Xnoconcgc uses UseConcMarkSweepGC");
2828     // -Xbatch
2829     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch")) {
2830       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2831         return JNI_EINVAL;
2832       }
2833     // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
2834     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
2835       julong long_initial_young_size = 0;
2836       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_young_size, 1);
2837       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2838         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2839                     "Invalid initial young generation size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2840         describe_range_error(errcode);
2841         return JNI_EINVAL;
2842       }
2843       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxNewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2844         return JNI_EINVAL;
2845       }
2846       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2847         return JNI_EINVAL;
2848       }
2849     // -Xms
2850     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
2851       julong long_initial_heap_size = 0;
2852       // an initial heap size of 0 means automatically determine
2853       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_heap_size, 0);
2854       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2855         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2856                     "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2857         describe_range_error(errcode);
2858         return JNI_EINVAL;
2859       }
2860       set_min_heap_size((size_t)long_initial_heap_size);
2861       // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2862       // Can be overridden with -XX:InitialHeapSize.
2863       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, InitialHeapSize, (size_t)long_initial_heap_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2864         return JNI_EINVAL;
2865       }
2866     // -Xmx
2867     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail) || match_option(option, "-XX:MaxHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2868       julong long_max_heap_size = 0;
2869       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
2870       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2871         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2872                     "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2873         describe_range_error(errcode);
2874         return JNI_EINVAL;
2875       }
2876       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxHeapSize, (size_t)long_max_heap_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2877         return JNI_EINVAL;
2878       }
2879     // Xmaxf
2880     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
2881       char* err;
2882       int maxf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2883       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2884         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2885                     "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2886                     option->optionString);
2887         return JNI_EINVAL;
2888       } else {
2889         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2890             return JNI_EINVAL;
2891         }
2892       }
2893     // Xminf
2894     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
2895       char* err;
2896       int minf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2897       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2898         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2899                     "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2900                     option->optionString);
2901         return JNI_EINVAL;
2902       } else {
2903         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, minf) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2904           return JNI_EINVAL;
2905         }
2906       }
2907     // -Xss
2908     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
2909       intx value = 0;
2910       jint err = parse_xss(option, tail, &value);
2911       if (err != JNI_OK) {
2912         return err;
2913       }
2914       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, ThreadStackSize, value) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2915         return JNI_EINVAL;
2916       }
2917     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail) ||
2918                match_option(option, "-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=", &tail)) {
2919       julong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
2920 
2921       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize, 1);
2922       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2923         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2924                     "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2925         return JNI_EINVAL;
2926       }
2927       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2928         return JNI_EINVAL;
2929       }
2930     // -green
2931     } else if (match_option(option, "-green")) {
2932       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2933                   "Green threads support not available\n");
2934           return JNI_EINVAL;
2935     // -native
2936     } else if (match_option(option, "-native")) {
2937           // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
2938     // -Xrs
2939     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs")) {
2940           // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
2941       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ReduceSignalUsage, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2942         return JNI_EINVAL;
2943       }
2944       // -Xprof
2945     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof")) {
2946       char version[256];
2947       // Obsolete in JDK 10
2948       JDK_Version::jdk(10).to_string(version, sizeof(version));
2949       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", option->optionString, version);
2950     // -Xconcurrentio
2951     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcurrentio")) {
2952       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseLWPSynchronization, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2953         return JNI_EINVAL;
2954       }
2955       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2956         return JNI_EINVAL;
2957       }
2958       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, DeferThrSuspendLoopCount, 1) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2959         return JNI_EINVAL;
2960       }
2961       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2962         return JNI_EINVAL;
2963       }
2964       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSizeThreadIncrease, 16 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {  // 20Kb per thread added to new generation
2965         return JNI_EINVAL;
2966       }
2967 
2968       // -Xinternalversion
2969     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion")) {
2970       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
2971                   VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
2972       vm_exit(0);
2973 #ifndef PRODUCT
2974     // -Xprintflags
2975     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags")) {
2976       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
2977       vm_exit(0);
2978 #endif
2979     // -D
2980     } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
2981       const char* value;
2982       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=", &value) &&
2983             *value!= '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2984         // abort if -Djava.endorsed.dirs is set
2985         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2986           "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=%s is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
2987           "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n", value);
2988         return JNI_EINVAL;
2989       }
2990       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.ext.dirs=", &value) &&
2991             *value != '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2992         // abort if -Djava.ext.dirs is set
2993         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2994           "-Djava.ext.dirs=%s is not supported.  Use -classpath instead.\n", value);
2995         return JNI_EINVAL;
2996       }
2997       // Check for module related properties.  They must be set using the modules
2998       // options. For example: use "--add-modules=java.sql", not
2999       // "-Djdk.module.addmods=java.sql"
3000       if (is_internal_module_property(option->optionString + 2)) {
3001         needs_module_property_warning = true;
3002         continue;
3003       }
3004 
3005       if (!add_property(tail)) {
3006         return JNI_ENOMEM;
3007       }
3008       // Out of the box management support
3009       if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
3010 #if INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3011         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ManagementServer, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3012           return JNI_EINVAL;
3013         }
3014         // management agent in module jdk.management.agent
3015         if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", "jdk.management.agent", addmods_count++)) {
3016           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3017         }
3018 #else
3019         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3020           "-Dcom.sun.management is not supported in this VM.\n");
3021         return JNI_ERR;
3022 #endif
3023       }
3024     // -Xint
3025     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint")) {
3026           set_mode_flags(_int);
3027     // -Xmixed
3028     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed")) {
3029           set_mode_flags(_mixed);
3030     // -Xcomp
3031     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp")) {
3032       // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
3033           set_mode_flags(_comp);
3034     // -Xshare:dump
3035     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump")) {
3036       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3037         return JNI_EINVAL;
3038       }
3039       set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
3040     // -Xshare:on
3041     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on")) {
3042       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3043         return JNI_EINVAL;
3044       }
3045       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3046         return JNI_EINVAL;
3047       }
3048     // -Xshare:auto
3049     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto")) {
3050       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3051         return JNI_EINVAL;
3052       }
3053       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3054         return JNI_EINVAL;
3055       }
3056     // -Xshare:off
3057     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off")) {
3058       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3059         return JNI_EINVAL;
3060       }
3061       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3062         return JNI_EINVAL;
3063       }
3064     // -Xverify
3065     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
3066       if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
3067         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3068           return JNI_EINVAL;
3069         }
3070         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3071           return JNI_EINVAL;
3072         }
3073       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
3074         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3075           return JNI_EINVAL;
3076         }
3077         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3078           return JNI_EINVAL;
3079         }
3080       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
3081         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3082           return JNI_EINVAL;
3083         }
3084         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3085           return JNI_EINVAL;
3086         }
3087       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
3088         return JNI_EINVAL;
3089       }
3090     // -Xdebug
3091     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug")) {
3092       // note this flag has been used, then ignore
3093       set_xdebug_mode(true);
3094     // -Xnoagent
3095     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoagent")) {
3096       // For compatibility with classic. HotSpot refuses to load the old style agent.dll.
3097     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
3098       // Deprecated flag to redirect GC output to a file. -Xloggc:<filename>
3099       log_warning(gc)("-Xloggc is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc:%s instead.", tail);
3100       _gc_log_filename = os::strdup_check_oom(tail);
3101     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xlog", &tail)) {
3102       bool ret = false;
3103       if (strcmp(tail, ":help") == 0) {
3104         LogConfiguration::print_command_line_help(defaultStream::output_stream());
3105         vm_exit(0);
3106       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":disable") == 0) {
3107         LogConfiguration::disable_logging();
3108         ret = true;
3109       } else if (*tail == '\0') {
3110         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments();
3111         assert(ret, "-Xlog without arguments should never fail to parse");
3112       } else if (*tail == ':') {
3113         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments(tail + 1);
3114       }
3115       if (ret == false) {
3116         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3117                     "Invalid -Xlog option '-Xlog%s'\n",
3118                     tail);
3119         return JNI_EINVAL;
3120       }
3121     // JNI hooks
3122     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
3123       if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
3124 #if !INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
3125         warning("JNI CHECKING is not supported in this VM");
3126 #else
3127         CheckJNICalls = true;
3128 #endif // INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
3129       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
3130                                      "check")) {
3131         return JNI_EINVAL;
3132       }
3133     } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf")) {
3134       _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3135     } else if (match_option(option, "exit")) {
3136       _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3137     } else if (match_option(option, "abort")) {
3138       _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3139     // Need to keep consistency of MaxTenuringThreshold and AlwaysTenure/NeverTenure;
3140     // and the last option wins.
3141     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure")) {
3142       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3143         return JNI_EINVAL;
3144       }
3145       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3146         return JNI_EINVAL;
3147       }
3148       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, markOopDesc::max_age + 1) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3149         return JNI_EINVAL;
3150       }
3151     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure")) {
3152       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3153         return JNI_EINVAL;
3154       }
3155       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3156         return JNI_EINVAL;
3157       }
3158       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, 0) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3159         return JNI_EINVAL;
3160       }
3161     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=", &tail)) {
3162       uintx max_tenuring_thresh = 0;
3163       if (!parse_uintx(tail, &max_tenuring_thresh, 0)) {
3164         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3165                     "Improperly specified VM option \'MaxTenuringThreshold=%s\'\n", tail);
3166         return JNI_EINVAL;
3167       }
3168 
3169       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, max_tenuring_thresh) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3170         return JNI_EINVAL;
3171       }
3172 
3173       if (MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
3174         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3175           return JNI_EINVAL;
3176         }
3177         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3178           return JNI_EINVAL;
3179         }
3180       } else {
3181         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3182           return JNI_EINVAL;
3183         }
3184         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3185           return JNI_EINVAL;
3186         }
3187       }
3188     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr")) {
3189       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3190         return JNI_EINVAL;
3191       }
3192       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3193         return JNI_EINVAL;
3194       }
3195     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout")) {
3196       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3197         return JNI_EINVAL;
3198       }
3199       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3200         return JNI_EINVAL;
3201       }
3202     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ExtendedDTraceProbes")) {
3203 #if defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3204       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExtendedDTraceProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3205         return JNI_EINVAL;
3206       }
3207       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMethodProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3208         return JNI_EINVAL;
3209       }
3210       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceAllocProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3211         return JNI_EINVAL;
3212       }
3213       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMonitorProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3214         return JNI_EINVAL;
3215       }
3216 #else // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3217       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3218                   "ExtendedDTraceProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
3219       return JNI_EINVAL;
3220 #endif // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3221 #ifdef ASSERT
3222     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot")) {
3223       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, FullGCALot, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3224         return JNI_EINVAL;
3225       }
3226       // disable scavenge before parallel mark-compact
3227       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3228         return JNI_EINVAL;
3229       }
3230 #endif
3231 #if !INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3232     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ManagementServer")) {
3233         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3234           "ManagementServer is not supported in this VM.\n");
3235         return JNI_ERR;
3236 #endif // INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3237     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
3238       // Skip -XX:Flags= and -XX:VMOptionsFile= since those cases have
3239       // already been handled
3240       if ((strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) &&
3241           (strncmp(tail, "VMOptionsFile=", strlen("VMOptionsFile=")) != 0)) {
3242         if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
3243           return JNI_EINVAL;
3244         }
3245       }
3246     // Unknown option
3247     } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3248       return JNI_ERR;
3249     }
3250   }
3251 
3252   // PrintSharedArchiveAndExit will turn on
3253   //   -Xshare:on
3254   //   -Xlog:class+path=info
3255   if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
3256     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3257       return JNI_EINVAL;
3258     }
3259     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3260       return JNI_EINVAL;
3261     }
3262     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, path));
3263   }
3264 
3265   // Change the default value for flags  which have different default values
3266   // when working with older JDKs.
3267 #ifdef LINUX
3268  if (JDK_Version::current().compare_major(6) <= 0 &&
3269       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks)) {
3270     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks, false);
3271   }
3272 #endif // LINUX
3273   fix_appclasspath();
3274   return JNI_OK;
3275 }
3276 
3277 void Arguments::add_patch_mod_prefix(const char* module_name, const char* path, bool* patch_mod_javabase) {
3278   // For java.base check for duplicate --patch-module options being specified on the command line.
3279   // This check is only required for java.base, all other duplicate module specifications
3280   // will be checked during module system initialization.  The module system initialization
3281   // will throw an ExceptionInInitializerError if this situation occurs.
3282   if (strcmp(module_name, JAVA_BASE_NAME) == 0) {
3283     if (*patch_mod_javabase) {
3284       vm_exit_during_initialization("Cannot specify " JAVA_BASE_NAME " more than once to --patch-module");
3285     } else {
3286       *patch_mod_javabase = true;
3287     }
3288   }
3289 
3290   // Create GrowableArray lazily, only if --patch-module has been specified
3291   if (_patch_mod_prefix == NULL) {
3292     _patch_mod_prefix = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments) GrowableArray<ModulePatchPath*>(10, true);
3293   }
3294 
3295   _patch_mod_prefix->push(new ModulePatchPath(module_name, path));
3296 }
3297 
3298 // Remove all empty paths from the app classpath (if IgnoreEmptyClassPaths is enabled)
3299 //
3300 // This is necessary because some apps like to specify classpath like -cp foo.jar:${XYZ}:bar.jar
3301 // in their start-up scripts. If XYZ is empty, the classpath will look like "-cp foo.jar::bar.jar".
3302 // Java treats such empty paths as if the user specified "-cp foo.jar:.:bar.jar". I.e., an empty
3303 // path is treated as the current directory.
3304 //
3305 // This causes problems with CDS, which requires that all directories specified in the classpath
3306 // must be empty. In most cases, applications do NOT want to load classes from the current
3307 // directory anyway. Adding -XX:+IgnoreEmptyClassPaths will make these applications' start-up
3308 // scripts compatible with CDS.
3309 void Arguments::fix_appclasspath() {
3310   if (IgnoreEmptyClassPaths) {
3311     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
3312     const char* src = _java_class_path->value();
3313 
3314     // skip over all the leading empty paths
3315     while (*src == separator) {
3316       src ++;
3317     }
3318 
3319     char* copy = os::strdup_check_oom(src, mtArguments);
3320 
3321     // trim all trailing empty paths
3322     for (char* tail = copy + strlen(copy) - 1; tail >= copy && *tail == separator; tail--) {
3323       *tail = '\0';
3324     }
3325 
3326     char from[3] = {separator, separator, '\0'};
3327     char to  [2] = {separator, '\0'};
3328     while (StringUtils::replace_no_expand(copy, from, to) > 0) {
3329       // Keep replacing "::" -> ":" until we have no more "::" (non-windows)
3330       // Keep replacing ";;" -> ";" until we have no more ";;" (windows)
3331     }
3332 
3333     _java_class_path->set_writeable_value(copy);
3334     FreeHeap(copy); // a copy was made by set_value, so don't need this anymore
3335   }
3336 }
3337 
3338 static bool has_jar_files(const char* directory) {
3339   DIR* dir = os::opendir(directory);
3340   if (dir == NULL) return false;
3341 
3342   struct dirent *entry;
3343   char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(directory), mtArguments);
3344   bool hasJarFile = false;
3345   while (!hasJarFile && (entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
3346     const char* name = entry->d_name;
3347     const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
3348     hasJarFile = ext > name && (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0);
3349   }
3350   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf);
3351   os::closedir(dir);
3352   return hasJarFile ;
3353 }
3354 
3355 static int check_non_empty_dirs(const char* path) {
3356   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
3357   const char* const end = path + strlen(path);
3358   int nonEmptyDirs = 0;
3359   while (path < end) {
3360     const char* tmp_end = strchr(path, separator);
3361     if (tmp_end == NULL) {
3362       if (has_jar_files(path)) {
3363         nonEmptyDirs++;
3364         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3365           "Non-empty directory: %s\n", path);
3366       }
3367       path = end;
3368     } else {
3369       char* dirpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, tmp_end - path + 1, mtArguments);
3370       memcpy(dirpath, path, tmp_end - path);
3371       dirpath[tmp_end - path] = '\0';
3372       if (has_jar_files(dirpath)) {
3373         nonEmptyDirs++;
3374         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3375           "Non-empty directory: %s\n", dirpath);
3376       }
3377       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dirpath);
3378       path = tmp_end + 1;
3379     }
3380   }
3381   return nonEmptyDirs;
3382 }
3383 
3384 jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args(bool patch_mod_javabase) {
3385   // check if the default lib/endorsed directory exists; if so, error
3386   char path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3387   const char* fileSep = os::file_separator();
3388   jio_snprintf(path, JVM_MAXPATHLEN, "%s%slib%sendorsed", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3389 
3390   if (CheckEndorsedAndExtDirs) {
3391     int nonEmptyDirs = 0;
3392     // check endorsed directory
3393     nonEmptyDirs += check_non_empty_dirs(path);
3394     // check the extension directories
3395     nonEmptyDirs += check_non_empty_dirs(Arguments::get_ext_dirs());
3396     if (nonEmptyDirs > 0) {
3397       return JNI_ERR;
3398     }
3399   }
3400 
3401   DIR* dir = os::opendir(path);
3402   if (dir != NULL) {
3403     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3404       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/endorsed is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
3405       "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n");
3406     os::closedir(dir);
3407     return JNI_ERR;
3408   }
3409 
3410   jio_snprintf(path, JVM_MAXPATHLEN, "%s%slib%sext", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3411   dir = os::opendir(path);
3412   if (dir != NULL) {
3413     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3414       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/ext exists, extensions mechanism no longer supported; "
3415       "Use -classpath instead.\n.");
3416     os::closedir(dir);
3417     return JNI_ERR;
3418   }
3419 
3420   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed
3421   // and the container support has been initialized since AggressiveHeap
3422   // relies on the amount of total memory available.
3423   if (AggressiveHeap) {
3424     jint result = set_aggressive_heap_flags();
3425     if (result != JNI_OK) {
3426       return result;
3427     }
3428   }
3429 
3430   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed.
3431   // java_compiler() true means set to "NONE" or empty.
3432   if (java_compiler() && !xdebug_mode()) {
3433     // For backwards compatibility, we switch to interpreted mode if
3434     // -Djava.compiler="NONE" or "" is specified AND "-Xdebug" was
3435     // not specified.
3436     set_mode_flags(_int);
3437   }
3438 
3439   // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is same as -Xint: Disable compilation (enable interpreter-only mode),
3440   // but like -Xint, leave compilation thresholds unaffected.
3441   // With tiered compilation disabled, setting CompileThreshold to 0 disables compilation as well.
3442   if ((CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0) || (!TieredCompilation && CompileThreshold == 0)) {
3443     set_mode_flags(_int);
3444   }
3445 
3446   // eventually fix up InitialTenuringThreshold if only MaxTenuringThreshold is set
3447   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialTenuringThreshold) && (InitialTenuringThreshold > MaxTenuringThreshold)) {
3448     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialTenuringThreshold, MaxTenuringThreshold);
3449   }
3450 
3451 #if !defined(COMPILER2) && !INCLUDE_JVMCI
3452   // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
3453   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
3454       MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
3455     // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
3456     // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
3457     // Java heap and the code cache.
3458     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
3459   }
3460 
3461 #elif defined(COMPILER2)
3462   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OptoLoopAlignment) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad)) {
3463     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad, OptoLoopAlignment-1);
3464   }
3465 #endif
3466 
3467 #if !defined(COMPILER2) && !INCLUDE_JVMCI
3468   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(ProfileInterpreter);
3469   NOT_PRODUCT(UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TraceProfileInterpreter));
3470 #endif
3471 
3472 #ifndef TIERED
3473   // Tiered compilation is undefined.
3474   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TieredCompilation);
3475 #endif
3476 
3477 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
3478   if (EnableJVMCI &&
3479       !create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", "jdk.internal.vm.ci", addmods_count++)) {
3480     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3481   }
3482 #endif
3483 
3484   if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
3485     return JNI_ERR;
3486   }
3487 
3488 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
3489   if (UseJVMCICompiler) {
3490     Compilation_mode = CompMode_server;
3491   }
3492 #endif
3493 
3494 #if INCLUDE_CDS
3495   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3496     // Disable biased locking now as it interferes with the clean up of
3497     // the archived Klasses and Java string objects (at dump time only).
3498     UseBiasedLocking = false;
3499   }
3500   if (UseSharedSpaces && patch_mod_javabase) {
3501     no_shared_spaces("CDS is disabled when " JAVA_BASE_NAME " module is patched.");
3502   }
3503 #endif
3504 
3505   return JNI_OK;
3506 }
3507 
3508 // Helper class for controlling the lifetime of JavaVMInitArgs
3509 // objects.  The contents of the JavaVMInitArgs are guaranteed to be
3510 // deleted on the destruction of the ScopedVMInitArgs object.
3511 class ScopedVMInitArgs : public StackObj {
3512  private:
3513   JavaVMInitArgs _args;
3514   char*          _container_name;
3515   bool           _is_set;
3516   char*          _vm_options_file_arg;
3517 
3518  public:
3519   ScopedVMInitArgs(const char *container_name) {
3520     _args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
3521     _args.nOptions = 0;
3522     _args.options = NULL;
3523     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = false;
3524     _container_name = (char *)container_name;
3525     _is_set = false;
3526     _vm_options_file_arg = NULL;
3527   }
3528 
3529   // Populates the JavaVMInitArgs object represented by this
3530   // ScopedVMInitArgs object with the arguments in options.  The
3531   // allocated memory is deleted by the destructor.  If this method
3532   // returns anything other than JNI_OK, then this object is in a
3533   // partially constructed state, and should be abandoned.
3534   jint set_args(GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>* options) {
3535     _is_set = true;
3536     JavaVMOption* options_arr = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(
3537         JavaVMOption, options->length(), mtArguments);
3538     if (options_arr == NULL) {
3539       return JNI_ENOMEM;
3540     }
3541     _args.options = options_arr;
3542 
3543     for (int i = 0; i < options->length(); i++) {
3544       options_arr[i] = options->at(i);
3545       options_arr[i].optionString = os::strdup(options_arr[i].optionString);
3546       if (options_arr[i].optionString == NULL) {
3547         // Rely on the destructor to do cleanup.
3548         _args.nOptions = i;
3549         return JNI_ENOMEM;
3550       }
3551     }
3552 
3553     _args.nOptions = options->length();
3554     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions;
3555     return JNI_OK;
3556   }
3557 
3558   JavaVMInitArgs* get()             { return &_args; }
3559   char* container_name()            { return _container_name; }
3560   bool  is_set()                    { return _is_set; }
3561   bool  found_vm_options_file_arg() { return _vm_options_file_arg != NULL; }
3562   char* vm_options_file_arg()       { return _vm_options_file_arg; }
3563 
3564   void set_vm_options_file_arg(const char *vm_options_file_arg) {
3565     if (_vm_options_file_arg != NULL) {
3566       os::free(_vm_options_file_arg);
3567     }
3568     _vm_options_file_arg = os::strdup_check_oom(vm_options_file_arg);
3569   }
3570 
3571   ~ScopedVMInitArgs() {
3572     if (_vm_options_file_arg != NULL) {
3573       os::free(_vm_options_file_arg);
3574     }
3575     if (_args.options == NULL) return;
3576     for (int i = 0; i < _args.nOptions; i++) {
3577       os::free(_args.options[i].optionString);
3578     }
3579     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(JavaVMOption, _args.options);
3580   }
3581 
3582   // Insert options into this option list, to replace option at
3583   // vm_options_file_pos (-XX:VMOptionsFile)
3584   jint insert(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3585               const JavaVMInitArgs* args_to_insert,
3586               const int vm_options_file_pos) {
3587     assert(_args.options == NULL, "shouldn't be set yet");
3588     assert(args_to_insert->nOptions != 0, "there should be args to insert");
3589     assert(vm_options_file_pos != -1, "vm_options_file_pos should be set");
3590 
3591     int length = args->nOptions + args_to_insert->nOptions - 1;
3592     GrowableArray<JavaVMOption> *options = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments)
3593               GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>(length, true);    // Construct new option array
3594     for (int i = 0; i < args->nOptions; i++) {
3595       if (i == vm_options_file_pos) {
3596         // insert the new options starting at the same place as the
3597         // -XX:VMOptionsFile option
3598         for (int j = 0; j < args_to_insert->nOptions; j++) {
3599           options->push(args_to_insert->options[j]);
3600         }
3601       } else {
3602         options->push(args->options[i]);
3603       }
3604     }
3605     // make into options array
3606     jint result = set_args(options);
3607     delete options;
3608     return result;
3609   }
3610 };
3611 
3612 jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3613   return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", args);
3614 }
3615 
3616 jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3617   return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", args);
3618 }
3619 
3620 jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name,
3621                                                    ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3622   char *buffer = ::getenv(name);
3623 
3624   // Don't check this environment variable if user has special privileges
3625   // (e.g. unix su command).
3626   if (buffer == NULL || os::have_special_privileges()) {
3627     return JNI_OK;
3628   }
3629 
3630   if ((buffer = os::strdup(buffer)) == NULL) {
3631     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3632   }
3633 
3634   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3635               "Picked up %s: %s\n", name, buffer);
3636 
3637   int retcode = parse_options_buffer(name, buffer, strlen(buffer), vm_args);
3638 
3639   os::free(buffer);
3640   return retcode;
3641 }
3642 
3643 jint Arguments::parse_vm_options_file(const char* file_name, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3644   // read file into buffer
3645   int fd = ::open(file_name, O_RDONLY);
3646   if (fd < 0) {
3647     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3648                 "Could not open options file '%s'\n",
3649                 file_name);
3650     return JNI_ERR;
3651   }
3652 
3653   struct stat stbuf;
3654   int retcode = os::stat(file_name, &stbuf);
3655   if (retcode != 0) {
3656     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3657                 "Could not stat options file '%s'\n",
3658                 file_name);
3659     os::close(fd);
3660     return JNI_ERR;
3661   }
3662 
3663   if (stbuf.st_size == 0) {
3664     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3665     os::close(fd);
3666     return JNI_OK;
3667   }
3668 
3669   // '+ 1' for NULL termination even with max bytes
3670   size_t bytes_alloc = stbuf.st_size + 1;
3671 
3672   char *buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, bytes_alloc, mtArguments);
3673   if (NULL == buf) {
3674     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3675                 "Could not allocate read buffer for options file parse\n");
3676     os::close(fd);
3677     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3678   }
3679 
3680   memset(buf, 0, bytes_alloc);
3681 
3682   // Fill buffer
3683   // Use ::read() instead of os::read because os::read()
3684   // might do a thread state transition
3685   // and it is too early for that here
3686 
3687   ssize_t bytes_read = ::read(fd, (void *)buf, (unsigned)bytes_alloc);
3688   os::close(fd);
3689   if (bytes_read < 0) {
3690     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3691     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3692                 "Could not read options file '%s'\n", file_name);
3693     return JNI_ERR;
3694   }
3695 
3696   if (bytes_read == 0) {
3697     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3698     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3699     return JNI_OK;
3700   }
3701 
3702   retcode = parse_options_buffer(file_name, buf, bytes_read, vm_args);
3703 
3704   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3705   return retcode;
3706 }
3707 
3708 jint Arguments::parse_options_buffer(const char* name, char* buffer, const size_t buf_len, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3709   GrowableArray<JavaVMOption> *options = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments) GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>(2, true);    // Construct option array
3710 
3711   // some pointers to help with parsing
3712   char *buffer_end = buffer + buf_len;
3713   char *opt_hd = buffer;
3714   char *wrt = buffer;
3715   char *rd = buffer;
3716 
3717   // parse all options
3718   while (rd < buffer_end) {
3719     // skip leading white space from the input string
3720     while (rd < buffer_end && isspace(*rd)) {
3721       rd++;
3722     }
3723 
3724     if (rd >= buffer_end) {
3725       break;
3726     }
3727 
3728     // Remember this is where we found the head of the token.
3729     opt_hd = wrt;
3730 
3731     // Tokens are strings of non white space characters separated
3732     // by one or more white spaces.
3733     while (rd < buffer_end && !isspace(*rd)) {
3734       if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
3735         int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
3736         rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
3737         while (rd < buffer_end && *rd != quote) {
3738                                             // include everything (even spaces)
3739                                             // up until the close quote
3740           *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
3741         }
3742 
3743         if (rd < buffer_end) {
3744           rd++;                             // don't copy close quote
3745         } else {
3746                                             // did not see closing quote
3747           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3748                       "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
3749           delete options;
3750           return JNI_ERR;
3751         }
3752       } else {
3753         *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
3754       }
3755     }
3756 
3757     // steal a white space character and set it to NULL
3758     *wrt++ = '\0';
3759     // We now have a complete token
3760 
3761     JavaVMOption option;
3762     option.optionString = opt_hd;
3763     option.extraInfo = NULL;
3764 
3765     options->append(option);                // Fill in option
3766 
3767     rd++;  // Advance to next character
3768   }
3769 
3770   // Fill out JavaVMInitArgs structure.
3771   jint status = vm_args->set_args(options);
3772 
3773   delete options;
3774   return status;
3775 }
3776 
3777 void Arguments::set_shared_spaces_flags() {
3778   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3779     if (FailOverToOldVerifier) {
3780       // Don't fall back to the old verifier on verification failure. If a
3781       // class fails verification with the split verifier, it might fail the
3782       // CDS runtime verifier constraint check. In that case, we don't want
3783       // to share the class. We only archive classes that pass the split verifier.
3784       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(FailOverToOldVerifier, false);
3785     }
3786 
3787     if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
3788       warning("Cannot dump shared archive while using shared archive");
3789     }
3790     UseSharedSpaces = false;
3791 #ifdef _LP64
3792     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3793       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3794         "Cannot dump shared archive when UseCompressedOops or UseCompressedClassPointers is off.", NULL);
3795     }
3796   } else {
3797     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3798       no_shared_spaces("UseCompressedOops and UseCompressedClassPointers must be on for UseSharedSpaces.");
3799     }
3800 #endif
3801   }
3802 }
3803 
3804 // Sharing support
3805 // Construct the path to the archive
3806 static char* get_shared_archive_path() {
3807   char *shared_archive_path;
3808   if (SharedArchiveFile == NULL) {
3809     char jvm_path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3810     os::jvm_path(jvm_path, sizeof(jvm_path));
3811     char *end = strrchr(jvm_path, *os::file_separator());
3812     if (end != NULL) *end = '\0';
3813     size_t jvm_path_len = strlen(jvm_path);
3814     size_t file_sep_len = strlen(os::file_separator());
3815     const size_t len = jvm_path_len + file_sep_len + 20;
3816     shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtArguments);
3817     if (shared_archive_path != NULL) {
3818       jio_snprintf(shared_archive_path, len, "%s%sclasses.jsa",
3819         jvm_path, os::file_separator());
3820     }
3821   } else {
3822     shared_archive_path = os::strdup_check_oom(SharedArchiveFile, mtArguments);
3823   }
3824   return shared_archive_path;
3825 }
3826 
3827 #ifndef PRODUCT
3828 // Determine whether LogVMOutput should be implicitly turned on.
3829 static bool use_vm_log() {
3830   if (LogCompilation || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogFile) ||
3831       PrintCompilation || PrintInlining || PrintDependencies || PrintNativeNMethods ||
3832       PrintDebugInfo || PrintRelocations || PrintNMethods || PrintExceptionHandlers ||
3833       PrintAssembly || TraceDeoptimization || TraceDependencies ||
3834       (VerifyDependencies && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(VerifyDependencies))) {
3835     return true;
3836   }
3837 
3838 #ifdef COMPILER1
3839   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
3840     return true;
3841   }
3842 #endif // COMPILER1
3843 
3844 #ifdef COMPILER2
3845   if (PrintOptoAssembly || PrintOptoStatistics) {
3846     return true;
3847   }
3848 #endif // COMPILER2
3849 
3850   return false;
3851 }
3852 
3853 #endif // PRODUCT
3854 
3855 bool Arguments::args_contains_vm_options_file_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
3856   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3857     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3858     const char* tail;
3859     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3860       return true;
3861     }
3862   }
3863   return false;
3864 }
3865 
3866 jint Arguments::insert_vm_options_file(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3867                                        const char* vm_options_file,
3868                                        const int vm_options_file_pos,
3869                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_options_file_args,
3870                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3871   jint code = parse_vm_options_file(vm_options_file, vm_options_file_args);
3872   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3873     return code;
3874   }
3875 
3876   if (vm_options_file_args->get()->nOptions < 1) {
3877     return JNI_OK;
3878   }
3879 
3880   if (args_contains_vm_options_file_arg(vm_options_file_args->get())) {
3881     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3882                 "A VM options file may not refer to a VM options file. "
3883                 "Specification of '-XX:VMOptionsFile=<file-name>' in the "
3884                 "options file '%s' in options container '%s' is an error.\n",
3885                 vm_options_file_args->vm_options_file_arg(),
3886                 vm_options_file_args->container_name());
3887     return JNI_EINVAL;
3888   }
3889 
3890   return args_out->insert(args, vm_options_file_args->get(),
3891                           vm_options_file_pos);
3892 }
3893 
3894 // Expand -XX:VMOptionsFile found in args_in as needed.
3895 // mod_args and args_out parameters may return values as needed.
3896 jint Arguments::expand_vm_options_as_needed(const JavaVMInitArgs* args_in,
3897                                             ScopedVMInitArgs* mod_args,
3898                                             JavaVMInitArgs** args_out) {
3899   jint code = match_special_option_and_act(args_in, mod_args);
3900   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3901     return code;
3902   }
3903 
3904   if (mod_args->is_set()) {
3905     // args_in contains -XX:VMOptionsFile and mod_args contains the
3906     // original options from args_in along with the options expanded
3907     // from the VMOptionsFile. Return a short-hand to the caller.
3908     *args_out = mod_args->get();
3909   } else {
3910     *args_out = (JavaVMInitArgs *)args_in;  // no changes so use args_in
3911   }
3912   return JNI_OK;
3913 }
3914 
3915 jint Arguments::match_special_option_and_act(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3916                                              ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3917   // Remaining part of option string
3918   const char* tail;
3919   ScopedVMInitArgs vm_options_file_args(args_out->container_name());
3920 
3921   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3922     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3923     if (ArgumentsExt::process_options(option)) {
3924       continue;
3925     }
3926     if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
3927       Arguments::set_jvm_flags_file(tail);
3928       continue;
3929     }
3930     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3931       if (vm_options_file_args.found_vm_options_file_arg()) {
3932         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3933                     "The option '%s' is already specified in the options "
3934                     "container '%s' so the specification of '%s' in the "
3935                     "same options container is an error.\n",
3936                     vm_options_file_args.vm_options_file_arg(),
3937                     vm_options_file_args.container_name(),
3938                     option->optionString);
3939         return JNI_EINVAL;
3940       }
3941       vm_options_file_args.set_vm_options_file_arg(option->optionString);
3942       // If there's a VMOptionsFile, parse that
3943       jint code = insert_vm_options_file(args, tail, index,
3944                                          &vm_options_file_args, args_out);
3945       if (code != JNI_OK) {
3946         return code;
3947       }
3948       args_out->set_vm_options_file_arg(vm_options_file_args.vm_options_file_arg());
3949       if (args_out->is_set()) {
3950         // The VMOptions file inserted some options so switch 'args'
3951         // to the new set of options, and continue processing which
3952         // preserves "last option wins" semantics.
3953         args = args_out->get();
3954         // The first option from the VMOptionsFile replaces the
3955         // current option.  So we back track to process the
3956         // replacement option.
3957         index--;
3958       }
3959       continue;
3960     }
3961     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions")) {
3962       PrintVMOptions = true;
3963       continue;
3964     }
3965     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintVMOptions")) {
3966       PrintVMOptions = false;
3967       continue;
3968     }
3969     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3970       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = true;
3971       continue;
3972     }
3973     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3974       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = false;
3975       continue;
3976     }
3977     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsInitial")) {
3978       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
3979       vm_exit(0);
3980     }
3981     if (match_option(option, "-XX:NativeMemoryTracking", &tail)) {
3982 #if INCLUDE_NMT
3983       // The launcher did not setup nmt environment variable properly.
3984       if (!MemTracker::check_launcher_nmt_support(tail)) {
3985         warning("Native Memory Tracking did not setup properly, using wrong launcher?");
3986       }
3987 
3988       // Verify if nmt option is valid.
3989       if (MemTracker::verify_nmt_option()) {
3990         // Late initialization, still in single-threaded mode.
3991         if (MemTracker::tracking_level() >= NMT_summary) {
3992           MemTracker::init();
3993         }
3994       } else {
3995         vm_exit_during_initialization("Syntax error, expecting -XX:NativeMemoryTracking=[off|summary|detail]", NULL);
3996       }
3997       continue;
3998 #else
3999       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
4000         "Native Memory Tracking is not supported in this VM\n");
4001       return JNI_ERR;
4002 #endif
4003     }
4004 
4005 #ifndef PRODUCT
4006     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsWithComments")) {
4007       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, true);
4008       vm_exit(0);
4009     }
4010 #endif
4011 
4012     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UseAppCDS")) {
4013       Flag* flag = Flag::find_flag("SharedArchiveFile", 17, true, true);
4014       if (flag->is_diagnostic()) {
4015         flag->clear_diagnostic();
4016       }
4017       continue;
4018     }
4019   }
4020   return JNI_OK;
4021 }
4022 
4023 static void print_options(const JavaVMInitArgs *args) {
4024   const char* tail;
4025   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
4026     const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
4027     if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
4028       logOption(tail);
4029     }
4030   }
4031 }
4032 
4033 bool Arguments::handle_deprecated_print_gc_flags() {
4034   if (PrintGC) {
4035     log_warning(gc)("-XX:+PrintGC is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc instead.");
4036   }
4037   if (PrintGCDetails) {
4038     log_warning(gc)("-XX:+PrintGCDetails is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc* instead.");
4039   }
4040 
4041   if (_gc_log_filename != NULL) {
4042     // -Xloggc was used to specify a filename
4043     const char* gc_conf = PrintGCDetails ? "gc*" : "gc";
4044 
4045     LogTarget(Error, logging) target;
4046     LogStream errstream(target);
4047     return LogConfiguration::parse_log_arguments(_gc_log_filename, gc_conf, NULL, NULL, &errstream);
4048   } else if (PrintGC || PrintGCDetails) {
4049     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, !PrintGCDetails, LOG_TAGS(gc));
4050   }
4051   return true;
4052 }
4053 
4054 void Arguments::handle_extra_cms_flags(const char* msg) {
4055   SpecialFlag flag;
4056   const char *flag_name = "UseConcMarkSweepGC";
4057   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
4058     handle_aliases_and_deprecation(flag_name, /* print warning */ true);
4059     warning("%s", msg);
4060   }
4061 }
4062 
4063 // Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
4064 
4065 jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* initial_cmd_args) {
4066   assert(verify_special_jvm_flags(), "deprecated and obsolete flag table inconsistent");
4067 
4068   // Initialize ranges, constraints and writeables
4069   CommandLineFlagRangeList::init();
4070   CommandLineFlagConstraintList::init();
4071   CommandLineFlagWriteableList::init();
4072 
4073   // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
4074   const char* hotspotrc = ".hotspotrc";
4075   bool settings_file_specified = false;
4076   bool needs_hotspotrc_warning = false;
4077   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_java_tool_options_args("env_var='JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS'");
4078   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_java_options_args("env_var='_JAVA_OPTIONS'");
4079 
4080   // Pointers to current working set of containers
4081   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_cmd_args;
4082   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_java_options_args;
4083   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_java_tool_options_args;
4084 
4085   // Containers for modified/expanded options
4086   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_cmd_args("cmd_line_args");
4087   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_java_tool_options_args("env_var='JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS'");
4088   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_java_options_args("env_var='_JAVA_OPTIONS'");
4089 
4090 
4091   jint code =
4092       parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&initial_java_tool_options_args);
4093   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4094     return code;
4095   }
4096 
4097   code = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&initial_java_options_args);
4098   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4099     return code;
4100   }
4101 
4102   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_java_tool_options_args.get(),
4103                                      &mod_java_tool_options_args,
4104                                      &cur_java_tool_options_args);
4105   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4106     return code;
4107   }
4108 
4109   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_cmd_args,
4110                                      &mod_cmd_args,
4111                                      &cur_cmd_args);
4112   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4113     return code;
4114   }
4115 
4116   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_java_options_args.get(),
4117                                      &mod_java_options_args,
4118                                      &cur_java_options_args);
4119   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4120     return code;
4121   }
4122 
4123   const char* flags_file = Arguments::get_jvm_flags_file();
4124   settings_file_specified = (flags_file != NULL);
4125 
4126   if (IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions) {
4127     cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
4128     cur_java_tool_options_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
4129     cur_java_options_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
4130   }
4131 
4132   // Parse specified settings file
4133   if (settings_file_specified) {
4134     if (!process_settings_file(flags_file, true,
4135                                cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
4136       return JNI_EINVAL;
4137     }
4138   } else {
4139 #ifdef ASSERT
4140     // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
4141     if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false,
4142                                cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
4143       return JNI_EINVAL;
4144     }
4145 #else
4146     struct stat buf;
4147     if (os::stat(hotspotrc, &buf) == 0) {
4148       needs_hotspotrc_warning = true;
4149     }
4150 #endif
4151   }
4152 
4153   if (PrintVMOptions) {
4154     print_options(cur_java_tool_options_args);
4155     print_options(cur_cmd_args);
4156     print_options(cur_java_options_args);
4157   }
4158 
4159   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
4160   jint result = parse_vm_init_args(cur_java_tool_options_args,
4161                                    cur_java_options_args,
4162                                    cur_cmd_args);
4163 
4164   if (result != JNI_OK) {
4165     return result;
4166   }
4167 
4168   // Call get_shared_archive_path() here, after possible SharedArchiveFile option got parsed.
4169   SharedArchivePath = get_shared_archive_path();
4170   if (SharedArchivePath == NULL) {
4171     return JNI_ENOMEM;
4172   }
4173 
4174   // Set up VerifySharedSpaces
4175   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(VerifySharedSpaces) && SharedArchiveFile != NULL) {
4176     VerifySharedSpaces = true;
4177   }
4178 
4179   // Delay warning until here so that we've had a chance to process
4180   // the -XX:-PrintWarnings flag
4181   if (needs_hotspotrc_warning) {
4182     warning("%s file is present but has been ignored.  "
4183             "Run with -XX:Flags=%s to load the file.",
4184             hotspotrc, hotspotrc);
4185   }
4186 
4187   if (needs_module_property_warning) {
4188     warning("Ignoring system property options whose names match the '-Djdk.module.*'."
4189             " names that are reserved for internal use.");
4190   }
4191 
4192 #if defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) || defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
4193   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseLargePages);
4194 #endif
4195 
4196   ArgumentsExt::report_unsupported_options();
4197 
4198 #ifndef PRODUCT
4199   if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
4200     TraceBytecodes = true;
4201   }
4202   if (CountCompiledCalls) {
4203     if (UseCounterDecay) {
4204       warning("UseCounterDecay disabled because CountCalls is set");
4205       UseCounterDecay = false;
4206     }
4207   }
4208 #endif // PRODUCT
4209 
4210   if (ScavengeRootsInCode == 0) {
4211     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeRootsInCode)) {
4212       warning("Forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero");
4213     }
4214     ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
4215   }
4216 
4217   if (!handle_deprecated_print_gc_flags()) {
4218     return JNI_EINVAL;
4219   }
4220 
4221   // Set object alignment values.
4222   set_object_alignment();
4223 
4224 #if !INCLUDE_CDS
4225   if (DumpSharedSpaces || RequireSharedSpaces) {
4226     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
4227       "Shared spaces are not supported in this VM\n");
4228     return JNI_ERR;
4229   }
4230   if ((UseSharedSpaces && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseSharedSpaces)) ||
4231       log_is_enabled(Info, cds)) {
4232     warning("Shared spaces are not supported in this VM");
4233     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
4234     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Off, true, LOG_TAGS(cds));
4235   }
4236   no_shared_spaces("CDS Disabled");
4237 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
4238 
4239   return JNI_OK;
4240 }
4241 
4242 jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
4243   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
4244   jint result = set_ergonomics_flags();
4245   if (result != JNI_OK) return result;
4246 
4247 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
4248   set_jvmci_specific_flags();
4249 #endif
4250 
4251   set_shared_spaces_flags();
4252 
4253   // Check the GC selections again.
4254   if (!check_gc_consistency()) {
4255     return JNI_EINVAL;
4256   }
4257 
4258   if (TieredCompilation) {
4259     set_tiered_flags();
4260   } else {
4261     int max_compilation_policy_choice = 1;
4262 #ifdef COMPILER2
4263     if (is_server_compilation_mode_vm()) {
4264       max_compilation_policy_choice = 2;
4265     }
4266 #endif
4267     // Check if the policy is valid.
4268     if (CompilationPolicyChoice >= max_compilation_policy_choice) {
4269       vm_exit_during_initialization(
4270         "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
4271     }
4272     // Scale CompileThreshold
4273     // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is equivalent to -Xint and leaves CompileThreshold unchanged.
4274     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThresholdScaling) && CompileThresholdScaling > 0.0) {
4275       FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(CompileThreshold));
4276     }
4277   }
4278 
4279 #ifdef COMPILER2
4280 #ifndef PRODUCT
4281   if (PrintIdealGraphLevel > 0) {
4282     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, PrintIdealGraph, true);
4283   }
4284 #endif
4285 #endif
4286 
4287   // Set heap size based on available physical memory
4288   set_heap_size();
4289 
4290   ArgumentsExt::set_gc_specific_flags();
4291 
4292   // Initialize Metaspace flags and alignments
4293   Metaspace::ergo_initialize();
4294 
4295   // Set bytecode rewriting flags
4296   set_bytecode_flags();
4297 
4298   // Set flags if Aggressive optimization flags (-XX:+AggressiveOpts) enabled
4299   jint code = set_aggressive_opts_flags();
4300   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4301     return code;
4302   }
4303 
4304   // Turn off biased locking for locking debug mode flags,
4305   // which are subtly different from each other but neither works with
4306   // biased locking
4307   if (UseHeavyMonitors
4308 #ifdef COMPILER1
4309       || !UseFastLocking
4310 #endif // COMPILER1
4311 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
4312       || !JVMCIUseFastLocking
4313 #endif
4314     ) {
4315     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking) && UseBiasedLocking) {
4316       // flag set to true on command line; warn the user that they
4317       // can't enable biased locking here
4318       warning("Biased Locking is not supported with locking debug flags"
4319               "; ignoring UseBiasedLocking flag." );
4320     }
4321     UseBiasedLocking = false;
4322   }
4323 
4324 #ifdef CC_INTERP
4325   // Clear flags not supported on zero.
4326   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ProfileInterpreter, false);
4327   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking, false);
4328   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false));
4329   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false));
4330 #endif // CC_INTERP
4331 
4332 #ifdef COMPILER2
4333   if (!EliminateLocks) {
4334     EliminateNestedLocks = false;
4335   }
4336   if (!Inline) {
4337     IncrementalInline = false;
4338   }
4339 #ifndef PRODUCT
4340   if (!IncrementalInline) {
4341     AlwaysIncrementalInline = false;
4342   }
4343 #endif
4344   if (!UseTypeSpeculation && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel)) {
4345     // nothing to use the profiling, turn if off
4346     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel, 0);
4347   }
4348 #endif
4349 
4350   if (PrintAssembly && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DebugNonSafepoints)) {
4351     warning("PrintAssembly is enabled; turning on DebugNonSafepoints to gain additional output");
4352     DebugNonSafepoints = true;
4353   }
4354 
4355   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CompressedClassSpaceSize) && !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
4356     warning("Setting CompressedClassSpaceSize has no effect when compressed class pointers are not used");
4357   }
4358 
4359   if (UseOnStackReplacement && !UseLoopCounter) {
4360     warning("On-stack-replacement requires loop counters; enabling loop counters");
4361     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLoopCounter, true);
4362   }
4363 
4364 #ifndef PRODUCT
4365   if (!LogVMOutput && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogVMOutput)) {
4366     if (use_vm_log()) {
4367       LogVMOutput = true;
4368     }
4369   }
4370 #endif // PRODUCT
4371 
4372   if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
4373     CommandLineFlags::printSetFlags(tty);
4374   }
4375 
4376   // Apply CPU specific policy for the BiasedLocking
4377   if (UseBiasedLocking) {
4378     if (!VM_Version::use_biased_locking() &&
4379         !(FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseBiasedLocking))) {
4380       UseBiasedLocking = false;
4381     }
4382   }
4383 #ifdef COMPILER2
4384   if (!UseBiasedLocking || EmitSync != 0) {
4385     UseOptoBiasInlining = false;
4386   }
4387 #endif
4388 
4389   // ThreadLocalHandshakesConstraintFunc handles the constraints.
4390   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ThreadLocalHandshakes) || !SafepointMechanism::supports_thread_local_poll()) {
4391     log_debug(ergo)("ThreadLocalHandshakes %s", ThreadLocalHandshakes ? "enabled." : "disabled.");
4392   } else {
4393     log_info(ergo)("ThreadLocalHandshakes %s", ThreadLocalHandshakes ? "enabled." : "disabled.");
4394   }
4395 
4396   return JNI_OK;
4397 }
4398 
4399 jint Arguments::adjust_after_os() {
4400   if (UseNUMA) {
4401     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AllocateHeapAt)) {
4402       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseNUMA, false);
4403     } else if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
4404       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes)) {
4405          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes, 64*M);
4406       }
4407     }
4408     // UseNUMAInterleaving is set to ON for all collectors and
4409     // platforms when UseNUMA is set to ON. NUMA-aware collectors
4410     // such as the parallel collector for Linux and Solaris will
4411     // interleave old gen and survivor spaces on top of NUMA
4412     // allocation policy for the eden space.
4413     // Non NUMA-aware collectors such as CMS, G1 and Serial-GC on
4414     // all platforms and ParallelGC on Windows will interleave all
4415     // of the heap spaces across NUMA nodes.
4416     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving)) {
4417       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseNUMAInterleaving, true);
4418     }
4419   }
4420   return JNI_OK;
4421 }
4422 
4423 int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
4424   int count = 0;
4425   while(pl != NULL) {
4426     count++;
4427     pl = pl->next();
4428   }
4429   return count;
4430 }
4431 
4432 // Return the number of readable properties.
4433 int Arguments::PropertyList_readable_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
4434   int count = 0;
4435   while(pl != NULL) {
4436     if (pl->is_readable()) {
4437       count++;
4438     }
4439     pl = pl->next();
4440   }
4441   return count;
4442 }
4443 
4444 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
4445   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
4446   SystemProperty* prop;
4447   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4448     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
4449   }
4450   return NULL;
4451 }
4452 
4453 // Return the value of the requested property provided that it is a readable property.
4454 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_readable_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
4455   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
4456   SystemProperty* prop;
4457   // Return the property value if the keys match and the property is not internal or
4458   // it's the special internal property "jdk.boot.class.path.append".
4459   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4460     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) {
4461       if (!prop->internal()) {
4462         return prop->value();
4463       } else if (strcmp(key, "jdk.boot.class.path.append") == 0) {
4464         return prop->value();
4465       } else {
4466         // Property is internal and not jdk.boot.class.path.append so return NULL.
4467         return NULL;
4468       }
4469     }
4470   }
4471   return NULL;
4472 }
4473 
4474 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_key_at(SystemProperty *pl, int index) {
4475   int count = 0;
4476   const char* ret_val = NULL;
4477 
4478   while(pl != NULL) {
4479     if(count >= index) {
4480       ret_val = pl->key();
4481       break;
4482     }
4483     count++;
4484     pl = pl->next();
4485   }
4486 
4487   return ret_val;
4488 }
4489 
4490 char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value_at(SystemProperty* pl, int index) {
4491   int count = 0;
4492   char* ret_val = NULL;
4493 
4494   while(pl != NULL) {
4495     if(count >= index) {
4496       ret_val = pl->value();
4497       break;
4498     }
4499     count++;
4500     pl = pl->next();
4501   }
4502 
4503   return ret_val;
4504 }
4505 
4506 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
4507   SystemProperty* p = *plist;
4508   if (p == NULL) {
4509     *plist = new_p;
4510   } else {
4511     while (p->next() != NULL) {
4512       p = p->next();
4513     }
4514     p->set_next(new_p);
4515   }
4516 }
4517 
4518 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v,
4519                                  bool writeable, bool internal) {
4520   if (plist == NULL)
4521     return;
4522 
4523   SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, writeable, internal);
4524   PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
4525 }
4526 
4527 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty *element) {
4528   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, element);
4529 }
4530 
4531 // This add maintains unique property key in the list.
4532 void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v,
4533                                         PropertyAppendable append, PropertyWriteable writeable,
4534                                         PropertyInternal internal) {
4535   if (plist == NULL)
4536     return;
4537 
4538   // If property key exist then update with new value.
4539   SystemProperty* prop;
4540   for (prop = *plist; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4541     if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
4542       if (append == AppendProperty) {
4543         prop->append_value(v);
4544       } else {
4545         prop->set_value(v);
4546       }
4547       return;
4548     }
4549   }
4550 
4551   PropertyList_add(plist, k, v, writeable == WriteableProperty, internal == InternalProperty);
4552 }
4553 
4554 // Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
4555 // Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
4556 // the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
4557 // Notes:
4558 // 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
4559 // NULL terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
4560 // pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
4561 // expanded one.
4562 // 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
4563 bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
4564                                 char* buf, size_t buflen) {
4565   const char* p = src;
4566   char* b = buf;
4567   const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
4568   char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
4569 
4570   while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
4571     if (*p == '%') {
4572       switch (*(++p)) {
4573       case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
4574         *b++ = *p++;
4575         break;
4576       case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
4577         // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
4578         // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
4579         size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
4580         int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
4581 
4582         // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
4583         // the expanded pid, returns false.
4584         if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
4585           return false;
4586         } else {
4587           b += ret;
4588           assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
4589           if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
4590             // reach the end of the buffer.
4591             return true;
4592           }
4593         }
4594         p++;
4595         break;
4596       }
4597       default :
4598         *b++ = '%';
4599       }
4600     } else {
4601       *b++ = *p++;
4602     }
4603   }
4604   *b = '\0';
4605   return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
4606 }