1 /*
   2  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   3  *
   4  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   5  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   6  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   7  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   8  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
   9  *
  10  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  11  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  12  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  13  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  14  * accompanied this code).
  15  *
  16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  17  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  18  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  19  *
  20  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  21  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  22  * questions.
  23  */
  24 
  25 /*
  26  * This file is available under and governed by the GNU General Public
  27  * License version 2 only, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
  28  * However, the following notice accompanied the original version of this
  29  * file:
  30  *
  31  * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166
  32  * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at
  33  * http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
  34  */
  35 
  36 package java.util.concurrent.atomic;
  37 
  38 import java.util.function.LongBinaryOperator;
  39 import java.util.function.LongUnaryOperator;
  40 
  41 /**
  42  * A {@code long} value that may be updated atomically.  See the
  43  * {@link java.util.concurrent.atomic} package specification for
  44  * description of the properties of atomic variables. An
  45  * {@code AtomicLong} is used in applications such as atomically
  46  * incremented sequence numbers, and cannot be used as a replacement
  47  * for a {@link java.lang.Long}. However, this class does extend
  48  * {@code Number} to allow uniform access by tools and utilities that
  49  * deal with numerically-based classes.
  50  *
  51  * @since 1.5
  52  * @author Doug Lea
  53  */
  54 public class AtomicLong extends Number implements java.io.Serializable {
  55     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1927816293512124184L;
  56 
  57     private static final sun.misc.Unsafe U = sun.misc.Unsafe.getUnsafe();
  58     private static final long VALUE;
  59 
  60     /**
  61      * Records whether the underlying JVM supports lockless
  62      * compareAndSwap for longs. While the Unsafe.compareAndSwapLong
  63      * method works in either case, some constructions should be
  64      * handled at Java level to avoid locking user-visible locks.
  65      */
  66     static final boolean VM_SUPPORTS_LONG_CAS = VMSupportsCS8();
  67 
  68     /**
  69      * Returns whether underlying JVM supports lockless CompareAndSet
  70      * for longs. Called only once and cached in VM_SUPPORTS_LONG_CAS.
  71      */
  72     private static native boolean VMSupportsCS8();
  73 
  74     static {
  75         try {
  76             VALUE = U.objectFieldOffset
  77                 (AtomicLong.class.getDeclaredField("value"));
  78         } catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
  79             throw new Error(e);
  80         }
  81     }
  82 
  83     private volatile long value;
  84 
  85     /**
  86      * Creates a new AtomicLong with the given initial value.
  87      *
  88      * @param initialValue the initial value
  89      */
  90     public AtomicLong(long initialValue) {
  91         value = initialValue;
  92     }
  93 
  94     /**
  95      * Creates a new AtomicLong with initial value {@code 0}.
  96      */
  97     public AtomicLong() {
  98     }
  99 
 100     /**
 101      * Gets the current value.
 102      *
 103      * @return the current value
 104      */
 105     public final long get() {
 106         return value;
 107     }
 108 
 109     /**
 110      * Sets to the given value.
 111      *
 112      * @param newValue the new value
 113      */
 114     public final void set(long newValue) {
 115         // Use putLongVolatile instead of ordinary volatile store when
 116         // using compareAndSwapLong, for sake of some 32bit systems.
 117         U.putLongVolatile(this, VALUE, newValue);
 118     }
 119 
 120     /**
 121      * Eventually sets to the given value.
 122      *
 123      * @param newValue the new value
 124      * @since 1.6
 125      */
 126     public final void lazySet(long newValue) {
 127         U.putOrderedLong(this, VALUE, newValue);
 128     }
 129 
 130     /**
 131      * Atomically sets to the given value and returns the old value.
 132      *
 133      * @param newValue the new value
 134      * @return the previous value
 135      */
 136     public final long getAndSet(long newValue) {
 137         return U.getAndSetLong(this, VALUE, newValue);
 138     }
 139 
 140     /**
 141      * Atomically sets the value to the given updated value
 142      * if the current value {@code ==} the expected value.
 143      *
 144      * @param expect the expected value
 145      * @param update the new value
 146      * @return {@code true} if successful. False return indicates that
 147      * the actual value was not equal to the expected value.
 148      */
 149     public final boolean compareAndSet(long expect, long update) {
 150         return U.compareAndSwapLong(this, VALUE, expect, update);
 151     }
 152 
 153     /**
 154      * Atomically sets the value to the given updated value
 155      * if the current value {@code ==} the expected value.
 156      *
 157      * <p><a href="package-summary.html#weakCompareAndSet">May fail
 158      * spuriously and does not provide ordering guarantees</a>, so is
 159      * only rarely an appropriate alternative to {@code compareAndSet}.
 160      *
 161      * @param expect the expected value
 162      * @param update the new value
 163      * @return {@code true} if successful
 164      */
 165     public final boolean weakCompareAndSet(long expect, long update) {
 166         return U.compareAndSwapLong(this, VALUE, expect, update);
 167     }
 168 
 169     /**
 170      * Atomically increments by one the current value.
 171      *
 172      * @return the previous value
 173      */
 174     public final long getAndIncrement() {
 175         return U.getAndAddLong(this, VALUE, 1L);
 176     }
 177 
 178     /**
 179      * Atomically decrements by one the current value.
 180      *
 181      * @return the previous value
 182      */
 183     public final long getAndDecrement() {
 184         return U.getAndAddLong(this, VALUE, -1L);
 185     }
 186 
 187     /**
 188      * Atomically adds the given value to the current value.
 189      *
 190      * @param delta the value to add
 191      * @return the previous value
 192      */
 193     public final long getAndAdd(long delta) {
 194         return U.getAndAddLong(this, VALUE, delta);
 195     }
 196 
 197     /**
 198      * Atomically increments by one the current value.
 199      *
 200      * @return the updated value
 201      */
 202     public final long incrementAndGet() {
 203         return U.getAndAddLong(this, VALUE, 1L) + 1L;
 204     }
 205 
 206     /**
 207      * Atomically decrements by one the current value.
 208      *
 209      * @return the updated value
 210      */
 211     public final long decrementAndGet() {
 212         return U.getAndAddLong(this, VALUE, -1L) - 1L;
 213     }
 214 
 215     /**
 216      * Atomically adds the given value to the current value.
 217      *
 218      * @param delta the value to add
 219      * @return the updated value
 220      */
 221     public final long addAndGet(long delta) {
 222         return U.getAndAddLong(this, VALUE, delta) + delta;
 223     }
 224 
 225     /**
 226      * Atomically updates the current value with the results of
 227      * applying the given function, returning the previous value. The
 228      * function should be side-effect-free, since it may be re-applied
 229      * when attempted updates fail due to contention among threads.
 230      *
 231      * @param updateFunction a side-effect-free function
 232      * @return the previous value
 233      * @since 1.8
 234      */
 235     public final long getAndUpdate(LongUnaryOperator updateFunction) {
 236         long prev, next;
 237         do {
 238             prev = get();
 239             next = updateFunction.applyAsLong(prev);
 240         } while (!compareAndSet(prev, next));
 241         return prev;
 242     }
 243 
 244     /**
 245      * Atomically updates the current value with the results of
 246      * applying the given function, returning the updated value. The
 247      * function should be side-effect-free, since it may be re-applied
 248      * when attempted updates fail due to contention among threads.
 249      *
 250      * @param updateFunction a side-effect-free function
 251      * @return the updated value
 252      * @since 1.8
 253      */
 254     public final long updateAndGet(LongUnaryOperator updateFunction) {
 255         long prev, next;
 256         do {
 257             prev = get();
 258             next = updateFunction.applyAsLong(prev);
 259         } while (!compareAndSet(prev, next));
 260         return next;
 261     }
 262 
 263     /**
 264      * Atomically updates the current value with the results of
 265      * applying the given function to the current and given values,
 266      * returning the previous value. The function should be
 267      * side-effect-free, since it may be re-applied when attempted
 268      * updates fail due to contention among threads.  The function
 269      * is applied with the current value as its first argument,
 270      * and the given update as the second argument.
 271      *
 272      * @param x the update value
 273      * @param accumulatorFunction a side-effect-free function of two arguments
 274      * @return the previous value
 275      * @since 1.8
 276      */
 277     public final long getAndAccumulate(long x,
 278                                        LongBinaryOperator accumulatorFunction) {
 279         long prev, next;
 280         do {
 281             prev = get();
 282             next = accumulatorFunction.applyAsLong(prev, x);
 283         } while (!compareAndSet(prev, next));
 284         return prev;
 285     }
 286 
 287     /**
 288      * Atomically updates the current value with the results of
 289      * applying the given function to the current and given values,
 290      * returning the updated value. The function should be
 291      * side-effect-free, since it may be re-applied when attempted
 292      * updates fail due to contention among threads.  The function
 293      * is applied with the current value as its first argument,
 294      * and the given update as the second argument.
 295      *
 296      * @param x the update value
 297      * @param accumulatorFunction a side-effect-free function of two arguments
 298      * @return the updated value
 299      * @since 1.8
 300      */
 301     public final long accumulateAndGet(long x,
 302                                        LongBinaryOperator accumulatorFunction) {
 303         long prev, next;
 304         do {
 305             prev = get();
 306             next = accumulatorFunction.applyAsLong(prev, x);
 307         } while (!compareAndSet(prev, next));
 308         return next;
 309     }
 310 
 311     /**
 312      * Returns the String representation of the current value.
 313      * @return the String representation of the current value
 314      */
 315     public String toString() {
 316         return Long.toString(get());
 317     }
 318 
 319     /**
 320      * Returns the value of this {@code AtomicLong} as an {@code int}
 321      * after a narrowing primitive conversion.
 322      * @jls 5.1.3 Narrowing Primitive Conversions
 323      */
 324     public int intValue() {
 325         return (int)get();
 326     }
 327 
 328     /**
 329      * Returns the value of this {@code AtomicLong} as a {@code long}.
 330      * Equivalent to {@link #get()}.
 331      */
 332     public long longValue() {
 333         return get();
 334     }
 335 
 336     /**
 337      * Returns the value of this {@code AtomicLong} as a {@code float}
 338      * after a widening primitive conversion.
 339      * @jls 5.1.2 Widening Primitive Conversions
 340      */
 341     public float floatValue() {
 342         return (float)get();
 343     }
 344 
 345     /**
 346      * Returns the value of this {@code AtomicLong} as a {@code double}
 347      * after a widening primitive conversion.
 348      * @jls 5.1.2 Widening Primitive Conversions
 349      */
 350     public double doubleValue() {
 351         return (double)get();
 352     }
 353 
 354 }