1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1995, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 package java.lang;
  27 
  28 /**
  29  * {@code RuntimeException} is the superclass of those
  30  * exceptions that can be thrown during the normal operation of the
  31  * Java Virtual Machine.
  32  *
  33  * <p>{@code RuntimeException} and its subclasses are <em>unchecked
  34  * exceptions</em>.  Unchecked exceptions do <em>not</em> need to be
  35  * declared in a method or constructor's {@code throws} clause if they
  36  * can be thrown by the execution of the method or constructor and
  37  * propagate outside the method or constructor boundary.
  38  *
  39  * @author  Frank Yellin
  40  * @jls 11.2 Compile-Time Checking of Exceptions
  41  * @since   1.0
  42  */
  43 public class RuntimeException extends Exception {
  44     @java.io.Serial
  45     static final long serialVersionUID = -7034897190745766939L;
  46 
  47     /** Constructs a new runtime exception with {@code null} as its
  48      * detail message.  The cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be
  49      * initialized by a call to {@link #initCause}.
  50      */
  51     public RuntimeException() {
  52         super();
  53     }
  54 
  55     /** Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified detail message.
  56      * The cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be initialized by a
  57      * call to {@link #initCause}.
  58      *
  59      * @param   message   the detail message. The detail message is saved for
  60      *          later retrieval by the {@link #getMessage()} method.
  61      */
  62     public RuntimeException(String message) {
  63         super(message);
  64     }
  65 
  66     /**
  67      * Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified detail message and
  68      * cause.  <p>Note that the detail message associated with
  69      * {@code cause} is <i>not</i> automatically incorporated in
  70      * this runtime exception's detail message.
  71      *
  72      * @param  message the detail message (which is saved for later retrieval
  73      *         by the {@link #getMessage()} method).
  74      * @param  cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the
  75      *         {@link #getCause()} method).  (A {@code null} value is
  76      *         permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or
  77      *         unknown.)
  78      * @since  1.4
  79      */
  80     public RuntimeException(String message, Throwable cause) {
  81         super(message, cause);
  82     }
  83 
  84     /** Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified cause and a
  85      * detail message of {@code (cause==null ? null : cause.toString())}
  86      * (which typically contains the class and detail message of
  87      * {@code cause}).  This constructor is useful for runtime exceptions
  88      * that are little more than wrappers for other throwables.
  89      *
  90      * @param  cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the
  91      *         {@link #getCause()} method).  (A {@code null} value is
  92      *         permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or
  93      *         unknown.)
  94      * @since  1.4
  95      */
  96     public RuntimeException(Throwable cause) {
  97         super(cause);
  98     }
  99 
 100     /**
 101      * Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified detail
 102      * message, cause, suppression enabled or disabled, and writable
 103      * stack trace enabled or disabled.
 104      *
 105      * @param  message the detail message.
 106      * @param cause the cause.  (A {@code null} value is permitted,
 107      * and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or unknown.)
 108      * @param enableSuppression whether or not suppression is enabled
 109      *                          or disabled
 110      * @param writableStackTrace whether or not the stack trace should
 111      *                           be writable
 112      *
 113      * @since 1.7
 114      */
 115     protected RuntimeException(String message, Throwable cause,
 116                                boolean enableSuppression,
 117                                boolean writableStackTrace) {
 118         super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
 119     }
 120 }