1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1998, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. 4 * 5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it 6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as 7 * published by the Free Software Foundation. 8 * 9 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT 10 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or 11 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License 12 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that 13 * accompanied this code). 14 * 15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version 16 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 17 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. 18 * 19 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA 20 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any 21 * questions. 22 * 23 */ 24 25 #ifndef SHARE_RUNTIME_OBJECTMONITOR_HPP 26 #define SHARE_RUNTIME_OBJECTMONITOR_HPP 27 28 #include "memory/allocation.hpp" 29 #include "memory/padded.hpp" 30 #include "oops/markWord.hpp" 31 #include "runtime/os.hpp" 32 #include "runtime/park.hpp" 33 #include "runtime/perfData.hpp" 34 35 class ObjectMonitor; 36 37 // ObjectWaiter serves as a "proxy" or surrogate thread. 38 // TODO-FIXME: Eliminate ObjectWaiter and use the thread-specific 39 // ParkEvent instead. Beware, however, that the JVMTI code 40 // knows about ObjectWaiters, so we'll have to reconcile that code. 41 // See next_waiter(), first_waiter(), etc. 42 43 class ObjectWaiter : public StackObj { 44 public: 45 enum TStates { TS_UNDEF, TS_READY, TS_RUN, TS_WAIT, TS_ENTER, TS_CXQ }; 46 enum Sorted { PREPEND, APPEND, SORTED }; 47 ObjectWaiter* volatile _next; 48 ObjectWaiter* volatile _prev; 49 Thread* _thread; 50 jlong _notifier_tid; 51 ParkEvent * _event; 52 volatile int _notified; 53 volatile TStates TState; 54 Sorted _Sorted; // List placement disposition 55 bool _active; // Contention monitoring is enabled 56 public: 57 ObjectWaiter(Thread* thread); 58 59 void wait_reenter_begin(ObjectMonitor *mon); 60 void wait_reenter_end(ObjectMonitor *mon); 61 }; 62 63 // The ObjectMonitor class implements the heavyweight version of a 64 // JavaMonitor. The lightweight BasicLock/stack lock version has been 65 // inflated into an ObjectMonitor. This inflation is typically due to 66 // contention or use of Object.wait(). 67 // 68 // WARNING: This is a very sensitive and fragile class. DO NOT make any 69 // changes unless you are fully aware of the underlying semantics. 70 // 71 // Class JvmtiRawMonitor currently inherits from ObjectMonitor so 72 // changes in this class must be careful to not break JvmtiRawMonitor. 73 // These two subsystems should be separated. 74 // 75 // ObjectMonitor Layout Overview/Highlights/Restrictions: 76 // 77 // - The _header field must be at offset 0 because the displaced header 78 // from markWord is stored there. We do not want markWord.hpp to include 79 // ObjectMonitor.hpp to avoid exposing ObjectMonitor everywhere. This 80 // means that ObjectMonitor cannot inherit from any other class nor can 81 // it use any virtual member functions. This restriction is critical to 82 // the proper functioning of the VM. 83 // - The _header and _owner fields should be separated by enough space 84 // to avoid false sharing due to parallel access by different threads. 85 // This is an advisory recommendation. 86 // - The general layout of the fields in ObjectMonitor is: 87 // _header 88 // <lightly_used_fields> 89 // <optional padding> 90 // _owner 91 // <remaining_fields> 92 // - The VM assumes write ordering and machine word alignment with 93 // respect to the _owner field and the <remaining_fields> that can 94 // be read in parallel by other threads. 95 // - Generally fields that are accessed closely together in time should 96 // be placed proximally in space to promote data cache locality. That 97 // is, temporal locality should condition spatial locality. 98 // - We have to balance avoiding false sharing with excessive invalidation 99 // from coherence traffic. As such, we try to cluster fields that tend 100 // to be _written_ at approximately the same time onto the same data 101 // cache line. 102 // - We also have to balance the natural tension between minimizing 103 // single threaded capacity misses with excessive multi-threaded 104 // coherency misses. There is no single optimal layout for both 105 // single-threaded and multi-threaded environments. 106 // 107 // - See TEST_VM(ObjectMonitor, sanity) gtest for how critical restrictions are 108 // enforced. 109 // - Adjacent ObjectMonitors should be separated by enough space to avoid 110 // false sharing. This is handled by the ObjectMonitor allocation code 111 // in synchronizer.cpp. Also see TEST_VM(SynchronizerTest, sanity) gtest. 112 // 113 // Futures notes: 114 // - Separating _owner from the <remaining_fields> by enough space to 115 // avoid false sharing might be profitable. Given 116 // http://blogs.oracle.com/dave/entry/cas_and_cache_trivia_invalidate 117 // we know that the CAS in monitorenter will invalidate the line 118 // underlying _owner. We want to avoid an L1 data cache miss on that 119 // same line for monitorexit. Putting these <remaining_fields>: 120 // _recursions, _EntryList, _cxq, and _succ, all of which may be 121 // fetched in the inflated unlock path, on a different cache line 122 // would make them immune to CAS-based invalidation from the _owner 123 // field. 124 // 125 // - The _recursions field should be of type int, or int32_t but not 126 // intptr_t. There's no reason to use a 64-bit type for this field 127 // in a 64-bit JVM. 128 129 class ObjectMonitor { 130 public: 131 enum { 132 OM_OK, // no error 133 OM_SYSTEM_ERROR, // operating system error 134 OM_ILLEGAL_MONITOR_STATE, // IllegalMonitorStateException 135 OM_INTERRUPTED, // Thread.interrupt() 136 OM_TIMED_OUT // Object.wait() timed out 137 }; 138 139 private: 140 friend class ObjectMonitorHandle; 141 friend class ObjectSynchronizer; 142 friend class ObjectWaiter; 143 friend class VMStructs; 144 JVMCI_ONLY(friend class JVMCIVMStructs;) 145 146 // The sync code expects the header field to be at offset zero (0). 147 // Enforced by the assert() in header_addr(). 148 volatile markWord _header; // displaced object header word - mark 149 void* volatile _object; // backward object pointer - strong root 150 public: 151 ObjectMonitor* _next_om; // Next ObjectMonitor* linkage 152 private: 153 // Separate _header and _owner on different cache lines since both can 154 // have busy multi-threaded access. _header and _object are set at 155 // initial inflation and _object doesn't change until deflation so 156 // _object is a good choice to share the cache line with _header. 157 // _next_om shares _header's cache line for pre-monitor list historical 158 // reasons. _next_om only changes if the next ObjectMonitor is deflated. 159 DEFINE_PAD_MINUS_SIZE(0, DEFAULT_CACHE_LINE_SIZE, 160 sizeof(volatile markWord) + sizeof(void* volatile) + 161 sizeof(ObjectMonitor *)); 162 // Used by async deflation as a marker in the _owner field: 163 #define DEFLATER_MARKER reinterpret_cast<void*>(-1) 164 protected: // protected for JvmtiRawMonitor 165 void* volatile _owner; // pointer to owning thread OR BasicLock 166 private: 167 volatile jlong _previous_owner_tid; // thread id of the previous owner of the monitor 168 protected: // protected for JvmtiRawMonitor 169 volatile intptr_t _recursions; // recursion count, 0 for first entry 170 ObjectWaiter* volatile _EntryList; // Threads blocked on entry or reentry. 171 // The list is actually composed of WaitNodes, 172 // acting as proxies for Threads. 173 private: 174 ObjectWaiter* volatile _cxq; // LL of recently-arrived threads blocked on entry. 175 Thread* volatile _succ; // Heir presumptive thread - used for futile wakeup throttling 176 Thread* volatile _Responsible; 177 178 volatile int _Spinner; // for exit->spinner handoff optimization 179 volatile int _SpinDuration; 180 181 volatile jint _contentions; // Number of active contentions in enter(). It is used by is_busy() 182 // along with other fields to determine if an ObjectMonitor can be 183 // deflated. See ObjectSynchronizer::deflate_monitor() and 184 // ObjectSynchronizer::deflate_monitor_using_JT(). 185 protected: 186 ObjectWaiter* volatile _WaitSet; // LL of threads wait()ing on the monitor 187 volatile jint _waiters; // number of waiting threads 188 private: 189 volatile int _WaitSetLock; // protects Wait Queue - simple spinlock 190 volatile jint _ref_count; // ref count for ObjectMonitor* and used by the async deflation 191 // protocol. See ObjectSynchronizer::deflate_monitor_using_JT(). 192 typedef enum { 193 Free = 0, // Free must be 0 for monitor to be free after memset(..,0,..). 194 New, 195 Old 196 } AllocationState; 197 AllocationState _allocation_state; 198 199 public: 200 static void Initialize(); 201 202 // Only perform a PerfData operation if the PerfData object has been 203 // allocated and if the PerfDataManager has not freed the PerfData 204 // objects which can happen at normal VM shutdown. 205 // 206 #define OM_PERFDATA_OP(f, op_str) \ 207 do { \ 208 if (ObjectMonitor::_sync_ ## f != NULL && \ 209 PerfDataManager::has_PerfData()) { \ 210 ObjectMonitor::_sync_ ## f->op_str; \ 211 } \ 212 } while (0) 213 214 static PerfCounter * _sync_ContendedLockAttempts; 215 static PerfCounter * _sync_FutileWakeups; 216 static PerfCounter * _sync_Parks; 217 static PerfCounter * _sync_Notifications; 218 static PerfCounter * _sync_Inflations; 219 static PerfCounter * _sync_Deflations; 220 static PerfLongVariable * _sync_MonExtant; 221 222 static int Knob_SpinLimit; 223 224 void* operator new (size_t size) throw(); 225 void* operator new[] (size_t size) throw(); 226 void operator delete(void* p); 227 void operator delete[] (void* p); 228 229 // TODO-FIXME: the "offset" routines should return a type of off_t instead of int ... 230 // ByteSize would also be an appropriate type. 231 static int header_offset_in_bytes() { return offset_of(ObjectMonitor, _header); } 232 static int object_offset_in_bytes() { return offset_of(ObjectMonitor, _object); } 233 static int owner_offset_in_bytes() { return offset_of(ObjectMonitor, _owner); } 234 static int recursions_offset_in_bytes() { return offset_of(ObjectMonitor, _recursions); } 235 static int cxq_offset_in_bytes() { return offset_of(ObjectMonitor, _cxq); } 236 static int succ_offset_in_bytes() { return offset_of(ObjectMonitor, _succ); } 237 static int EntryList_offset_in_bytes() { return offset_of(ObjectMonitor, _EntryList); } 238 239 // ObjectMonitor references can be ORed with markWord::monitor_value 240 // as part of the ObjectMonitor tagging mechanism. When we combine an 241 // ObjectMonitor reference with an offset, we need to remove the tag 242 // value in order to generate the proper address. 243 // 244 // We can either adjust the ObjectMonitor reference and then add the 245 // offset or we can adjust the offset that is added to the ObjectMonitor 246 // reference. The latter avoids an AGI (Address Generation Interlock) 247 // stall so the helper macro adjusts the offset value that is returned 248 // to the ObjectMonitor reference manipulation code: 249 // 250 #define OM_OFFSET_NO_MONITOR_VALUE_TAG(f) \ 251 ((ObjectMonitor::f ## _offset_in_bytes()) - markWord::monitor_value) 252 253 markWord header() const; 254 volatile markWord* header_addr(); 255 void set_header(markWord hdr); 256 257 intptr_t is_busy() const { 258 // TODO-FIXME: assert _owner == null implies _recursions = 0 259 // We do not include _ref_count in the is_busy() check because 260 // _ref_count is for indicating that the ObjectMonitor* is in 261 // use which is orthogonal to whether the ObjectMonitor itself 262 // is in use for a locking operation. 263 intptr_t ret_code = _contentions | _waiters | intptr_t(_cxq) | intptr_t(_EntryList); 264 if (!AsyncDeflateIdleMonitors) { 265 ret_code |= intptr_t(_owner); 266 } else { 267 if (_owner != DEFLATER_MARKER) { 268 ret_code |= intptr_t(_owner); 269 } 270 } 271 return ret_code; 272 } 273 const char* is_busy_to_string(stringStream* ss); 274 275 intptr_t is_entered(Thread* current) const; 276 277 void* owner() const; // Returns NULL if DEFLATER_MARKER is observed. 278 // Returns true if owner field == DEFLATER_MARKER and false otherwise. 279 bool owner_is_DEFLATER_MARKER(); 280 void set_owner(void* owner); 281 282 jint waiters() const; 283 284 jint contentions() const; 285 intptr_t recursions() const { return _recursions; } 286 287 // JVM/TI GetObjectMonitorUsage() needs this: 288 ObjectWaiter* first_waiter() { return _WaitSet; } 289 ObjectWaiter* next_waiter(ObjectWaiter* o) { return o->_next; } 290 Thread* thread_of_waiter(ObjectWaiter* o) { return o->_thread; } 291 292 protected: 293 // We don't typically expect or want the ctors or dtors to run. 294 // normal ObjectMonitors are type-stable and immortal. 295 ObjectMonitor() { ::memset((void*)this, 0, sizeof(*this)); } 296 297 ~ObjectMonitor() { 298 // TODO: Add asserts ... 299 // _cxq == 0 _succ == NULL _owner == NULL _waiters == 0 300 // _contentions == 0 _EntryList == NULL etc 301 } 302 303 private: 304 void Recycle() { 305 // TODO: add stronger asserts ... 306 // _cxq == 0 _succ == NULL _owner == NULL _waiters == 0 307 // _contentions == 0 EntryList == NULL 308 // _recursions == 0 _WaitSet == NULL 309 DEBUG_ONLY(stringStream ss;) 310 assert((is_busy() | _recursions) == 0, "freeing in-use monitor: %s, " 311 "recursions=" INTPTR_FORMAT, is_busy_to_string(&ss), _recursions); 312 _succ = NULL; 313 _EntryList = NULL; 314 _cxq = NULL; 315 _WaitSet = NULL; 316 _recursions = 0; 317 } 318 319 public: 320 321 void* object() const; 322 void* object_addr(); 323 void set_object(void* obj); 324 void set_allocation_state(AllocationState s); 325 AllocationState allocation_state() const; 326 bool is_free() const; 327 bool is_active() const; 328 bool is_old() const; 329 bool is_new() const; 330 void dec_ref_count(); 331 void inc_ref_count(); 332 jint ref_count() const; 333 334 // Returns true if the specified thread owns the ObjectMonitor. Otherwise 335 // returns false and throws IllegalMonitorStateException (IMSE). 336 bool check_owner(Thread* THREAD); 337 void clear(); 338 void clear_using_JT(); 339 340 void enter(TRAPS); 341 void exit(bool not_suspended, TRAPS); 342 void wait(jlong millis, bool interruptable, TRAPS); 343 void notify(TRAPS); 344 void notifyAll(TRAPS); 345 346 void print() const; 347 void print_on(outputStream* st) const; 348 349 // Use the following at your own risk 350 intptr_t complete_exit(TRAPS); 351 void reenter(intptr_t recursions, TRAPS); 352 353 private: 354 void AddWaiter(ObjectWaiter* waiter); 355 void INotify(Thread* self); 356 ObjectWaiter* DequeueWaiter(); 357 void DequeueSpecificWaiter(ObjectWaiter* waiter); 358 void EnterI(TRAPS); 359 void ReenterI(Thread* self, ObjectWaiter* self_node); 360 void UnlinkAfterAcquire(Thread* self, ObjectWaiter* self_node); 361 int TryLock(Thread* self); 362 int NotRunnable(Thread* self, Thread* Owner); 363 int TrySpin(Thread* self); 364 void ExitEpilog(Thread* self, ObjectWaiter* Wakee); 365 bool ExitSuspendEquivalent(JavaThread* self); 366 void install_displaced_markword_in_object(const oop obj); 367 }; 368 369 // A helper object for managing an ObjectMonitor*'s ref_count. There 370 // are special safety considerations when async deflation is used. 371 class ObjectMonitorHandle : public StackObj { 372 private: 373 ObjectMonitor* _om_ptr; 374 public: 375 ObjectMonitorHandle() { _om_ptr = NULL; } 376 ~ObjectMonitorHandle(); 377 378 ObjectMonitor* om_ptr() const { return _om_ptr; } 379 // Save the ObjectMonitor* associated with the specified markWord and 380 // increment the ref_count. 381 bool save_om_ptr(oop object, markWord mark); 382 383 // For internal used by ObjectSynchronizer::monitors_iterate(). 384 ObjectMonitorHandle(ObjectMonitor* _om_ptr); 385 // For internal use by ObjectSynchronizer::inflate(). 386 void set_om_ptr(ObjectMonitor* om_ptr); 387 }; 388 389 // Macro to use guarantee() for more strict AsyncDeflateIdleMonitors 390 // checks and assert() otherwise. 391 #define ADIM_guarantee(p, ...) \ 392 do { \ 393 if (AsyncDeflateIdleMonitors) { \ 394 guarantee(p, __VA_ARGS__); \ 395 } else { \ 396 assert(p, __VA_ARGS__); \ 397 } \ 398 } while (0) 399 400 #endif // SHARE_RUNTIME_OBJECTMONITOR_HPP