1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/dictionary.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  30 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
  31 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  32 #include "memory/heapInspection.hpp"
  33 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
  34 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
  35 #include "memory/metaspaceShared.hpp"
  36 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  37 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  38 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  39 #include "oops/klass.inline.hpp"
  40 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  41 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
  42 #include "runtime/orderAccess.inline.hpp"
  43 #include "trace/traceMacros.hpp"
  44 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  45 #include "utilities/stack.inline.hpp"
  46 
  47 void Klass::set_java_mirror(Handle m) {
  48   assert(!m.is_null(), "New mirror should never be null.");
  49   assert(_java_mirror.resolve() == NULL, "should only be used to initialize mirror");
  50   _java_mirror = class_loader_data()->add_handle(m);
  51 }
  52 
  53 oop Klass::java_mirror() const {
  54   return _java_mirror.resolve();
  55 }
  56 
  57 bool Klass::is_cloneable() const {
  58   return _access_flags.is_cloneable_fast() ||
  59          is_subtype_of(SystemDictionary::Cloneable_klass());
  60 }
  61 
  62 void Klass::set_is_cloneable() {
  63   if (name() != vmSymbols::java_lang_invoke_MemberName()) {
  64     _access_flags.set_is_cloneable_fast();
  65   } else {
  66     assert(is_final(), "no subclasses allowed");
  67     // MemberName cloning should not be intrinsified and always happen in JVM_Clone.
  68   }
  69 }
  70 
  71 void Klass::set_name(Symbol* n) {
  72   _name = n;
  73   if (_name != NULL) _name->increment_refcount();
  74 }
  75 
  76 bool Klass::is_subclass_of(const Klass* k) const {
  77   // Run up the super chain and check
  78   if (this == k) return true;
  79 
  80   Klass* t = const_cast<Klass*>(this)->super();
  81 
  82   while (t != NULL) {
  83     if (t == k) return true;
  84     t = t->super();
  85   }
  86   return false;
  87 }
  88 
  89 bool Klass::search_secondary_supers(Klass* k) const {
  90   // Put some extra logic here out-of-line, before the search proper.
  91   // This cuts down the size of the inline method.
  92 
  93   // This is necessary, since I am never in my own secondary_super list.
  94   if (this == k)
  95     return true;
  96   // Scan the array-of-objects for a match
  97   int cnt = secondary_supers()->length();
  98   for (int i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
  99     if (secondary_supers()->at(i) == k) {
 100       ((Klass*)this)->set_secondary_super_cache(k);
 101       return true;
 102     }
 103   }
 104   return false;
 105 }
 106 
 107 // Return self, except for abstract classes with exactly 1
 108 // implementor.  Then return the 1 concrete implementation.
 109 Klass *Klass::up_cast_abstract() {
 110   Klass *r = this;
 111   while( r->is_abstract() ) {   // Receiver is abstract?
 112     Klass *s = r->subklass();   // Check for exactly 1 subklass
 113     if( !s || s->next_sibling() ) // Oops; wrong count; give up
 114       return this;              // Return 'this' as a no-progress flag
 115     r = s;                    // Loop till find concrete class
 116   }
 117   return r;                   // Return the 1 concrete class
 118 }
 119 
 120 // Find LCA in class hierarchy
 121 Klass *Klass::LCA( Klass *k2 ) {
 122   Klass *k1 = this;
 123   while( 1 ) {
 124     if( k1->is_subtype_of(k2) ) return k2;
 125     if( k2->is_subtype_of(k1) ) return k1;
 126     k1 = k1->super();
 127     k2 = k2->super();
 128   }
 129 }
 130 
 131 
 132 void Klass::check_valid_for_instantiation(bool throwError, TRAPS) {
 133   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 134   THROW_MSG(throwError ? vmSymbols::java_lang_InstantiationError()
 135             : vmSymbols::java_lang_InstantiationException(), external_name());
 136 }
 137 
 138 
 139 void Klass::copy_array(arrayOop s, int src_pos, arrayOop d, int dst_pos, int length, TRAPS) {
 140   THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayStoreException());
 141 }
 142 
 143 
 144 void Klass::initialize(TRAPS) {
 145   ShouldNotReachHere();
 146 }
 147 
 148 bool Klass::compute_is_subtype_of(Klass* k) {
 149   assert(k->is_klass(), "argument must be a class");
 150   return is_subclass_of(k);
 151 }
 152 
 153 Klass* Klass::find_field(Symbol* name, Symbol* sig, fieldDescriptor* fd) const {
 154 #ifdef ASSERT
 155   tty->print_cr("Error: find_field called on a klass oop."
 156                 " Likely error: reflection method does not correctly"
 157                 " wrap return value in a mirror object.");
 158 #endif
 159   ShouldNotReachHere();
 160   return NULL;
 161 }
 162 
 163 Method* Klass::uncached_lookup_method(const Symbol* name, const Symbol* signature, OverpassLookupMode overpass_mode) const {
 164 #ifdef ASSERT
 165   tty->print_cr("Error: uncached_lookup_method called on a klass oop."
 166                 " Likely error: reflection method does not correctly"
 167                 " wrap return value in a mirror object.");
 168 #endif
 169   ShouldNotReachHere();
 170   return NULL;
 171 }
 172 
 173 void* Klass::operator new(size_t size, ClassLoaderData* loader_data, size_t word_size, TRAPS) throw() {
 174   return Metaspace::allocate(loader_data, word_size, MetaspaceObj::ClassType, THREAD);
 175 }
 176 
 177 // "Normal" instantiation is preceeded by a MetaspaceObj allocation
 178 // which zeros out memory - calloc equivalent.
 179 // The constructor is also used from CppVtableCloner,
 180 // which doesn't zero out the memory before calling the constructor.
 181 // Need to set the _java_mirror field explicitly to not hit an assert that the field
 182 // should be NULL before setting it.
 183 Klass::Klass() : _prototype_header(markOopDesc::prototype()),
 184                  _shared_class_path_index(-1),
 185                  _java_mirror(NULL) {
 186 
 187   _primary_supers[0] = this;
 188   set_super_check_offset(in_bytes(primary_supers_offset()));
 189 }
 190 
 191 jint Klass::array_layout_helper(BasicType etype) {
 192   assert(etype >= T_BOOLEAN && etype <= T_OBJECT, "valid etype");
 193   // Note that T_ARRAY is not allowed here.
 194   int  hsize = arrayOopDesc::base_offset_in_bytes(etype);
 195   int  esize = type2aelembytes(etype);
 196   bool isobj = (etype == T_OBJECT);
 197   int  tag   =  isobj ? _lh_array_tag_obj_value : _lh_array_tag_type_value;
 198   int lh = array_layout_helper(tag, hsize, etype, exact_log2(esize));
 199 
 200   assert(lh < (int)_lh_neutral_value, "must look like an array layout");
 201   assert(layout_helper_is_array(lh), "correct kind");
 202   assert(layout_helper_is_objArray(lh) == isobj, "correct kind");
 203   assert(layout_helper_is_typeArray(lh) == !isobj, "correct kind");
 204   assert(layout_helper_header_size(lh) == hsize, "correct decode");
 205   assert(layout_helper_element_type(lh) == etype, "correct decode");
 206   assert(1 << layout_helper_log2_element_size(lh) == esize, "correct decode");
 207 
 208   return lh;
 209 }
 210 
 211 bool Klass::can_be_primary_super_slow() const {
 212   if (super() == NULL)
 213     return true;
 214   else if (super()->super_depth() >= primary_super_limit()-1)
 215     return false;
 216   else
 217     return true;
 218 }
 219 
 220 void Klass::initialize_supers(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
 221   if (FastSuperclassLimit == 0) {
 222     // None of the other machinery matters.
 223     set_super(k);
 224     return;
 225   }
 226   if (k == NULL) {
 227     set_super(NULL);
 228     _primary_supers[0] = this;
 229     assert(super_depth() == 0, "Object must already be initialized properly");
 230   } else if (k != super() || k == SystemDictionary::Object_klass()) {
 231     assert(super() == NULL || super() == SystemDictionary::Object_klass(),
 232            "initialize this only once to a non-trivial value");
 233     set_super(k);
 234     Klass* sup = k;
 235     int sup_depth = sup->super_depth();
 236     juint my_depth  = MIN2(sup_depth + 1, (int)primary_super_limit());
 237     if (!can_be_primary_super_slow())
 238       my_depth = primary_super_limit();
 239     for (juint i = 0; i < my_depth; i++) {
 240       _primary_supers[i] = sup->_primary_supers[i];
 241     }
 242     Klass* *super_check_cell;
 243     if (my_depth < primary_super_limit()) {
 244       _primary_supers[my_depth] = this;
 245       super_check_cell = &_primary_supers[my_depth];
 246     } else {
 247       // Overflow of the primary_supers array forces me to be secondary.
 248       super_check_cell = &_secondary_super_cache;
 249     }
 250     set_super_check_offset((address)super_check_cell - (address) this);
 251 
 252 #ifdef ASSERT
 253     {
 254       juint j = super_depth();
 255       assert(j == my_depth, "computed accessor gets right answer");
 256       Klass* t = this;
 257       while (!t->can_be_primary_super()) {
 258         t = t->super();
 259         j = t->super_depth();
 260       }
 261       for (juint j1 = j+1; j1 < primary_super_limit(); j1++) {
 262         assert(primary_super_of_depth(j1) == NULL, "super list padding");
 263       }
 264       while (t != NULL) {
 265         assert(primary_super_of_depth(j) == t, "super list initialization");
 266         t = t->super();
 267         --j;
 268       }
 269       assert(j == (juint)-1, "correct depth count");
 270     }
 271 #endif
 272   }
 273 
 274   if (secondary_supers() == NULL) {
 275 
 276     // Now compute the list of secondary supertypes.
 277     // Secondaries can occasionally be on the super chain,
 278     // if the inline "_primary_supers" array overflows.
 279     int extras = 0;
 280     Klass* p;
 281     for (p = super(); !(p == NULL || p->can_be_primary_super()); p = p->super()) {
 282       ++extras;
 283     }
 284 
 285     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);  // need to reclaim GrowableArrays allocated below
 286 
 287     // Compute the "real" non-extra secondaries.
 288     GrowableArray<Klass*>* secondaries = compute_secondary_supers(extras);
 289     if (secondaries == NULL) {
 290       // secondary_supers set by compute_secondary_supers
 291       return;
 292     }
 293 
 294     GrowableArray<Klass*>* primaries = new GrowableArray<Klass*>(extras);
 295 
 296     for (p = super(); !(p == NULL || p->can_be_primary_super()); p = p->super()) {
 297       int i;                    // Scan for overflow primaries being duplicates of 2nd'arys
 298 
 299       // This happens frequently for very deeply nested arrays: the
 300       // primary superclass chain overflows into the secondary.  The
 301       // secondary list contains the element_klass's secondaries with
 302       // an extra array dimension added.  If the element_klass's
 303       // secondary list already contains some primary overflows, they
 304       // (with the extra level of array-ness) will collide with the
 305       // normal primary superclass overflows.
 306       for( i = 0; i < secondaries->length(); i++ ) {
 307         if( secondaries->at(i) == p )
 308           break;
 309       }
 310       if( i < secondaries->length() )
 311         continue;               // It's a dup, don't put it in
 312       primaries->push(p);
 313     }
 314     // Combine the two arrays into a metadata object to pack the array.
 315     // The primaries are added in the reverse order, then the secondaries.
 316     int new_length = primaries->length() + secondaries->length();
 317     Array<Klass*>* s2 = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(
 318                                        class_loader_data(), new_length, CHECK);
 319     int fill_p = primaries->length();
 320     for (int j = 0; j < fill_p; j++) {
 321       s2->at_put(j, primaries->pop());  // add primaries in reverse order.
 322     }
 323     for( int j = 0; j < secondaries->length(); j++ ) {
 324       s2->at_put(j+fill_p, secondaries->at(j));  // add secondaries on the end.
 325     }
 326 
 327   #ifdef ASSERT
 328       // We must not copy any NULL placeholders left over from bootstrap.
 329     for (int j = 0; j < s2->length(); j++) {
 330       assert(s2->at(j) != NULL, "correct bootstrapping order");
 331     }
 332   #endif
 333 
 334     set_secondary_supers(s2);
 335   }
 336 }
 337 
 338 GrowableArray<Klass*>* Klass::compute_secondary_supers(int num_extra_slots) {
 339   assert(num_extra_slots == 0, "override for complex klasses");
 340   set_secondary_supers(Universe::the_empty_klass_array());
 341   return NULL;
 342 }
 343 
 344 
 345 InstanceKlass* Klass::superklass() const {
 346   assert(super() == NULL || super()->is_instance_klass(), "must be instance klass");
 347   return _super == NULL ? NULL : InstanceKlass::cast(_super);
 348 }
 349 
 350 void Klass::set_subklass(Klass* s) {
 351   assert(s != this, "sanity check");
 352   _subklass = s;
 353 }
 354 
 355 void Klass::set_next_sibling(Klass* s) {
 356   assert(s != this, "sanity check");
 357   _next_sibling = s;
 358 }
 359 
 360 void Klass::append_to_sibling_list() {
 361   debug_only(verify();)
 362   // add ourselves to superklass' subklass list
 363   InstanceKlass* super = superklass();
 364   if (super == NULL) return;        // special case: class Object
 365   assert((!super->is_interface()    // interfaces cannot be supers
 366           && (super->superklass() == NULL || !is_interface())),
 367          "an interface can only be a subklass of Object");
 368   Klass* prev_first_subklass = super->subklass();
 369   if (prev_first_subklass != NULL) {
 370     // set our sibling to be the superklass' previous first subklass
 371     set_next_sibling(prev_first_subklass);
 372   }
 373   // make ourselves the superklass' first subklass
 374   super->set_subklass(this);
 375   debug_only(verify();)
 376 }
 377 
 378 bool Klass::is_loader_alive(BoolObjectClosure* is_alive) {
 379 #ifdef ASSERT
 380   // The class is alive iff the class loader is alive.
 381   oop loader = class_loader();
 382   bool loader_alive = (loader == NULL) || is_alive->do_object_b(loader);
 383 #endif // ASSERT
 384 
 385   // The class is alive if it's mirror is alive (which should be marked if the
 386   // loader is alive) unless it's an anoymous class.
 387   bool mirror_alive = is_alive->do_object_b(java_mirror());
 388   assert(!mirror_alive || loader_alive, "loader must be alive if the mirror is"
 389                         " but not the other way around with anonymous classes");
 390   return mirror_alive;
 391 }
 392 
 393 void Klass::clean_weak_klass_links(BoolObjectClosure* is_alive, bool clean_alive_klasses) {
 394   if (!ClassUnloading) {
 395     return;
 396   }
 397 
 398   Klass* root = SystemDictionary::Object_klass();
 399   Stack<Klass*, mtGC> stack;
 400 
 401   stack.push(root);
 402   while (!stack.is_empty()) {
 403     Klass* current = stack.pop();
 404 
 405     assert(current->is_loader_alive(is_alive), "just checking, this should be live");
 406 
 407     // Find and set the first alive subklass
 408     Klass* sub = current->subklass();
 409     while (sub != NULL && !sub->is_loader_alive(is_alive)) {
 410 #ifndef PRODUCT
 411       if (log_is_enabled(Trace, class, unload)) {
 412         ResourceMark rm;
 413         log_trace(class, unload)("unlinking class (subclass): %s", sub->external_name());
 414       }
 415 #endif
 416       sub = sub->next_sibling();
 417     }
 418     current->set_subklass(sub);
 419     if (sub != NULL) {
 420       stack.push(sub);
 421     }
 422 
 423     // Find and set the first alive sibling
 424     Klass* sibling = current->next_sibling();
 425     while (sibling != NULL && !sibling->is_loader_alive(is_alive)) {
 426       if (log_is_enabled(Trace, class, unload)) {
 427         ResourceMark rm;
 428         log_trace(class, unload)("[Unlinking class (sibling) %s]", sibling->external_name());
 429       }
 430       sibling = sibling->next_sibling();
 431     }
 432     current->set_next_sibling(sibling);
 433     if (sibling != NULL) {
 434       stack.push(sibling);
 435     }
 436 
 437     // Clean the implementors list and method data.
 438     if (clean_alive_klasses && current->is_instance_klass()) {
 439       InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(current);
 440       ik->clean_weak_instanceklass_links(is_alive);
 441 
 442       // JVMTI RedefineClasses creates previous versions that are not in
 443       // the class hierarchy, so process them here.
 444       while ((ik = ik->previous_versions()) != NULL) {
 445         ik->clean_weak_instanceklass_links(is_alive);
 446       }
 447     }
 448   }
 449 }
 450 
 451 void Klass::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
 452   if (log_is_enabled(Trace, cds)) {
 453     ResourceMark rm;
 454     log_trace(cds)("Iter(Klass): %p (%s)", this, external_name());
 455   }
 456 
 457   it->push(&_name);
 458   it->push(&_secondary_super_cache);
 459   it->push(&_secondary_supers);
 460   for (int i = 0; i < _primary_super_limit; i++) {
 461     it->push(&_primary_supers[i]);
 462   }
 463   it->push(&_super);
 464   it->push(&_subklass);
 465   it->push(&_next_sibling);
 466   it->push(&_next_link);
 467 
 468   vtableEntry* vt = start_of_vtable();
 469   for (int i=0; i<vtable_length(); i++) {
 470     it->push(vt[i].method_addr());
 471   }
 472 }
 473 
 474 void Klass::remove_unshareable_info() {
 475   assert (DumpSharedSpaces, "only called for DumpSharedSpaces");
 476   TRACE_REMOVE_ID(this);
 477   if (log_is_enabled(Trace, cds, unshareable)) {
 478     ResourceMark rm;
 479     log_trace(cds, unshareable)("remove: %s", external_name());
 480   }
 481 
 482   set_subklass(NULL);
 483   set_next_sibling(NULL);
 484   set_next_link(NULL);
 485 
 486   // Null out class_loader_data because we don't share that yet.
 487   set_class_loader_data(NULL);
 488   set_is_shared();
 489 }
 490 
 491 void Klass::remove_java_mirror() {
 492   assert (DumpSharedSpaces, "only called for DumpSharedSpaces");
 493   if (log_is_enabled(Trace, cds, unshareable)) {
 494     ResourceMark rm;
 495     log_trace(cds, unshareable)("remove java_mirror: %s", external_name());
 496   }
 497   // Just null out the mirror.  The class_loader_data() no longer exists.
 498   _java_mirror = NULL;
 499 }
 500 
 501 void Klass::restore_unshareable_info(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, Handle protection_domain, TRAPS) {
 502   assert(is_klass(), "ensure C++ vtable is restored");
 503   assert(is_shared(), "must be set");
 504   TRACE_RESTORE_ID(this);
 505   if (log_is_enabled(Trace, cds, unshareable)) {
 506     ResourceMark rm;
 507     log_trace(cds, unshareable)("restore: %s", external_name());
 508   }
 509 
 510   // If an exception happened during CDS restore, some of these fields may already be
 511   // set.  We leave the class on the CLD list, even if incomplete so that we don't
 512   // modify the CLD list outside a safepoint.
 513   if (class_loader_data() == NULL) {
 514     // Restore class_loader_data to the null class loader data
 515     set_class_loader_data(loader_data);
 516 
 517     // Add to null class loader list first before creating the mirror
 518     // (same order as class file parsing)
 519     loader_data->add_class(this);
 520   }
 521 
 522   // Recreate the class mirror.
 523   // Only recreate it if not present.  A previous attempt to restore may have
 524   // gotten an OOM later but keep the mirror if it was created.
 525   if (java_mirror() == NULL) {
 526     Handle loader(THREAD, loader_data->class_loader());
 527     ModuleEntry* module_entry = NULL;
 528     Klass* k = this;
 529     if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
 530       k = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k)->bottom_klass();
 531     }
 532     // Obtain klass' module.
 533     if (k->is_instance_klass()) {
 534       InstanceKlass* ik = (InstanceKlass*) k;
 535       module_entry = ik->module();
 536     } else {
 537       module_entry = ModuleEntryTable::javabase_moduleEntry();
 538     }
 539     // Obtain java.lang.Module, if available
 540     Handle module_handle(THREAD, ((module_entry != NULL) ? module_entry->module() : (oop)NULL));
 541     java_lang_Class::create_mirror(this, loader, module_handle, protection_domain, CHECK);
 542   }
 543 }
 544 
 545 Klass* Klass::array_klass_or_null(int rank) {
 546   EXCEPTION_MARK;
 547   // No exception can be thrown by array_klass_impl when called with or_null == true.
 548   // (In anycase, the execption mark will fail if it do so)
 549   return array_klass_impl(true, rank, THREAD);
 550 }
 551 
 552 
 553 Klass* Klass::array_klass_or_null() {
 554   EXCEPTION_MARK;
 555   // No exception can be thrown by array_klass_impl when called with or_null == true.
 556   // (In anycase, the execption mark will fail if it do so)
 557   return array_klass_impl(true, THREAD);
 558 }
 559 
 560 
 561 Klass* Klass::array_klass_impl(bool or_null, int rank, TRAPS) {
 562   fatal("array_klass should be dispatched to InstanceKlass, ObjArrayKlass or TypeArrayKlass");
 563   return NULL;
 564 }
 565 
 566 
 567 Klass* Klass::array_klass_impl(bool or_null, TRAPS) {
 568   fatal("array_klass should be dispatched to InstanceKlass, ObjArrayKlass or TypeArrayKlass");
 569   return NULL;
 570 }
 571 
 572 oop Klass::class_loader() const { return class_loader_data()->class_loader(); }
 573 
 574 // In product mode, this function doesn't have virtual function calls so
 575 // there might be some performance advantage to handling InstanceKlass here.
 576 const char* Klass::external_name() const {
 577   if (is_instance_klass()) {
 578     const InstanceKlass* ik = static_cast<const InstanceKlass*>(this);
 579     if (ik->is_anonymous()) {
 580       char addr_buf[20];
 581       jio_snprintf(addr_buf, 20, "/" INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(ik));
 582       size_t addr_len = strlen(addr_buf);
 583       size_t name_len = name()->utf8_length();
 584       char*  result   = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, name_len + addr_len + 1);
 585       name()->as_klass_external_name(result, (int) name_len + 1);
 586       assert(strlen(result) == name_len, "");
 587       strcpy(result + name_len, addr_buf);
 588       assert(strlen(result) == name_len + addr_len, "");
 589       return result;
 590     }
 591   }
 592   if (name() == NULL)  return "<unknown>";
 593   return name()->as_klass_external_name();
 594 }
 595 
 596 const char* Klass::signature_name() const {
 597   if (name() == NULL)  return "<unknown>";
 598   return name()->as_C_string();
 599 }
 600 
 601 const char* Klass::external_kind() const {
 602   if (is_interface()) return "interface";
 603   if (is_abstract()) return "abstract class";
 604   return "class";
 605 }
 606 
 607 // Unless overridden, modifier_flags is 0.
 608 jint Klass::compute_modifier_flags(TRAPS) const {
 609   return 0;
 610 }
 611 
 612 int Klass::atomic_incr_biased_lock_revocation_count() {
 613   return (int) Atomic::add(1, &_biased_lock_revocation_count);
 614 }
 615 
 616 // Unless overridden, jvmti_class_status has no flags set.
 617 jint Klass::jvmti_class_status() const {
 618   return 0;
 619 }
 620 
 621 
 622 // Printing
 623 
 624 void Klass::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
 625   ResourceMark rm;
 626   // print title
 627   st->print("%s", internal_name());
 628   print_address_on(st);
 629   st->cr();
 630 }
 631 
 632 void Klass::oop_print_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
 633   ResourceMark rm;
 634   // print title
 635   st->print_cr("%s ", internal_name());
 636   obj->print_address_on(st);
 637 
 638   if (WizardMode) {
 639      // print header
 640      obj->mark()->print_on(st);
 641   }
 642 
 643   // print class
 644   st->print(" - klass: ");
 645   obj->klass()->print_value_on(st);
 646   st->cr();
 647 }
 648 
 649 void Klass::oop_print_value_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
 650   // print title
 651   ResourceMark rm;              // Cannot print in debug mode without this
 652   st->print("%s", internal_name());
 653   obj->print_address_on(st);
 654 }
 655 
 656 #if INCLUDE_SERVICES
 657 // Size Statistics
 658 void Klass::collect_statistics(KlassSizeStats *sz) const {
 659   sz->_klass_bytes = sz->count(this);
 660   sz->_mirror_bytes = sz->count(java_mirror());
 661   sz->_secondary_supers_bytes = sz->count_array(secondary_supers());
 662 
 663   sz->_ro_bytes += sz->_secondary_supers_bytes;
 664   sz->_rw_bytes += sz->_klass_bytes + sz->_mirror_bytes;
 665 }
 666 #endif // INCLUDE_SERVICES
 667 
 668 // Verification
 669 
 670 void Klass::verify_on(outputStream* st) {
 671 
 672   // This can be expensive, but it is worth checking that this klass is actually
 673   // in the CLD graph but not in production.
 674   assert(Metaspace::contains((address)this), "Should be");
 675 
 676   guarantee(this->is_klass(),"should be klass");
 677 
 678   if (super() != NULL) {
 679     guarantee(super()->is_klass(), "should be klass");
 680   }
 681   if (secondary_super_cache() != NULL) {
 682     Klass* ko = secondary_super_cache();
 683     guarantee(ko->is_klass(), "should be klass");
 684   }
 685   for ( uint i = 0; i < primary_super_limit(); i++ ) {
 686     Klass* ko = _primary_supers[i];
 687     if (ko != NULL) {
 688       guarantee(ko->is_klass(), "should be klass");
 689     }
 690   }
 691 
 692   if (java_mirror() != NULL) {
 693     guarantee(oopDesc::is_oop(java_mirror()), "should be instance");
 694   }
 695 }
 696 
 697 void Klass::oop_verify_on(oop obj, outputStream* st) {
 698   guarantee(oopDesc::is_oop(obj),  "should be oop");
 699   guarantee(obj->klass()->is_klass(), "klass field is not a klass");
 700 }
 701 
 702 klassVtable Klass::vtable() const {
 703   return klassVtable(const_cast<Klass*>(this), start_of_vtable(), vtable_length() / vtableEntry::size());
 704 }
 705 
 706 vtableEntry* Klass::start_of_vtable() const {
 707   return (vtableEntry*) ((address)this + in_bytes(vtable_start_offset()));
 708 }
 709 
 710 Method* Klass::method_at_vtable(int index)  {
 711 #ifndef PRODUCT
 712   assert(index >= 0, "valid vtable index");
 713   if (DebugVtables) {
 714     verify_vtable_index(index);
 715   }
 716 #endif
 717   return start_of_vtable()[index].method();
 718 }
 719 
 720 ByteSize Klass::vtable_start_offset() {
 721   return in_ByteSize(InstanceKlass::header_size() * wordSize);
 722 }
 723 
 724 #ifndef PRODUCT
 725 
 726 bool Klass::verify_vtable_index(int i) {
 727   int limit = vtable_length()/vtableEntry::size();
 728   assert(i >= 0 && i < limit, "index %d out of bounds %d", i, limit);
 729   return true;
 730 }
 731 
 732 bool Klass::verify_itable_index(int i) {
 733   assert(is_instance_klass(), "");
 734   int method_count = klassItable::method_count_for_interface(this);
 735   assert(i >= 0 && i < method_count, "index out of bounds");
 736   return true;
 737 }
 738 
 739 #endif // PRODUCT
 740 
 741 // The caller of class_loader_and_module_name() (or one of its callers)
 742 // must use a ResourceMark in order to correctly free the result.
 743 const char* Klass::class_loader_and_module_name() const {
 744   const char* delim = "/";
 745   size_t delim_len = strlen(delim);
 746 
 747   const char* fqn = external_name();
 748   // Length of message to return; always include FQN
 749   size_t msglen = strlen(fqn) + 1;
 750 
 751   bool has_cl_name = false;
 752   bool has_mod_name = false;
 753   bool has_version = false;
 754 
 755   // Use class loader name, if exists and not builtin
 756   const char* class_loader_name = "";
 757   ClassLoaderData* cld = class_loader_data();
 758   assert(cld != NULL, "class_loader_data should not be NULL");
 759   if (!cld->is_builtin_class_loader_data()) {
 760     // If not builtin, look for name
 761     oop loader = class_loader();
 762     if (loader != NULL) {
 763       oop class_loader_name_oop = java_lang_ClassLoader::name(loader);
 764       if (class_loader_name_oop != NULL) {
 765         class_loader_name = java_lang_String::as_utf8_string(class_loader_name_oop);
 766         if (class_loader_name != NULL && class_loader_name[0] != '\0') {
 767           has_cl_name = true;
 768           msglen += strlen(class_loader_name) + delim_len;
 769         }
 770       }
 771     }
 772   }
 773 
 774   const char* module_name = "";
 775   const char* version = "";
 776   const Klass* bottom_klass = is_objArray_klass() ?
 777     ObjArrayKlass::cast(this)->bottom_klass() : this;
 778   if (bottom_klass->is_instance_klass()) {
 779     ModuleEntry* module = InstanceKlass::cast(bottom_klass)->module();
 780     // Use module name, if exists
 781     if (module->is_named()) {
 782       has_mod_name = true;
 783       module_name = module->name()->as_C_string();
 784       msglen += strlen(module_name);
 785       // Use version if exists and is not a jdk module
 786       if (module->is_non_jdk_module() && module->version() != NULL) {
 787         has_version = true;
 788         version = module->version()->as_C_string();
 789         msglen += strlen("@") + strlen(version);
 790       }
 791     }
 792   } else {
 793     // klass is an array of primitives, so its module is java.base
 794     module_name = JAVA_BASE_NAME;
 795   }
 796 
 797   if (has_cl_name || has_mod_name) {
 798     msglen += delim_len;
 799   }
 800 
 801   char* message = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, msglen);
 802 
 803   // Just return the FQN if error in allocating string
 804   if (message == NULL) {
 805     return fqn;
 806   }
 807 
 808   jio_snprintf(message, msglen, "%s%s%s%s%s%s%s",
 809                class_loader_name,
 810                (has_cl_name) ? delim : "",
 811                (has_mod_name) ? module_name : "",
 812                (has_version) ? "@" : "",
 813                (has_version) ? version : "",
 814                (has_cl_name || has_mod_name) ? delim : "",
 815                fqn);
 816   return message;
 817 }