1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2001, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 package com.sun.java.util.jar.pack;
  27 
  28 import com.sun.java.util.jar.pack.ConstantPool.Entry;
  29 import com.sun.java.util.jar.pack.ConstantPool.Index;
  30 import com.sun.java.util.jar.pack.Package.Class.Field;
  31 import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
  32 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
  33 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
  34 import java.io.EOFException;
  35 import java.io.File;
  36 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
  37 import java.io.FilterInputStream;
  38 import java.io.FilterOutputStream;
  39 import java.io.IOException;
  40 import java.io.InputStream;
  41 import java.io.OutputStream;
  42 import java.io.PrintStream;
  43 import java.util.ArrayList;
  44 import java.util.Arrays;
  45 import java.util.Collections;
  46 import java.util.HashMap;
  47 import java.util.List;
  48 import java.util.Map;
  49 import java.util.jar.Pack200;
  50 import static com.sun.java.util.jar.pack.Constants.*;
  51 import java.util.LinkedList;
  52 
  53 /**
  54  * Define the structure and ordering of "bands" in a packed file.
  55  * @author John Rose
  56  */
  57 @SuppressWarnings({"removal"})
  58 abstract
  59 class BandStructure {
  60     static final int MAX_EFFORT = 9;
  61     static final int MIN_EFFORT = 1;
  62     static final int DEFAULT_EFFORT = 5;
  63 
  64     // Inherit options from Pack200:
  65     PropMap p200 = Utils.currentPropMap();
  66 
  67     int verbose = p200.getInteger(Utils.DEBUG_VERBOSE);
  68     int effort = p200.getInteger(Pack200.Packer.EFFORT);
  69     { if (effort == 0)  effort = DEFAULT_EFFORT; }
  70     boolean optDumpBands = p200.getBoolean(Utils.COM_PREFIX+"dump.bands");
  71     boolean optDebugBands = p200.getBoolean(Utils.COM_PREFIX+"debug.bands");
  72 
  73     // Various heuristic options.
  74     boolean optVaryCodings = !p200.getBoolean(Utils.COM_PREFIX+"no.vary.codings");
  75     boolean optBigStrings = !p200.getBoolean(Utils.COM_PREFIX+"no.big.strings");
  76 
  77     protected abstract Index getCPIndex(byte tag);
  78 
  79     // Local copy of highest class version.
  80     private Package.Version highestClassVersion = null;
  81 
  82     /** Call this exactly once, early, to specify the archive major version. */
  83     public void initHighestClassVersion(Package.Version highestClassVersion) throws IOException {
  84         if (this.highestClassVersion != null) {
  85             throw new IOException(
  86                 "Highest class major version is already initialized to " +
  87                 this.highestClassVersion + "; new setting is " + highestClassVersion);
  88         }
  89         this.highestClassVersion = highestClassVersion;
  90         adjustToClassVersion();
  91     }
  92 
  93     public Package.Version getHighestClassVersion() {
  94         return highestClassVersion;
  95     }
  96 
  97     private final boolean isReader = this instanceof PackageReader;
  98 
  99     protected BandStructure() {}
 100 
 101     static final Coding BYTE1 = Coding.of(1,256);
 102 
 103     static final Coding CHAR3 = Coding.of(3,128);
 104     // Note:  Tried sharper (3,16) with no post-zip benefit.
 105 
 106     // This is best used with BCI values:
 107     static final Coding BCI5 = Coding.of(5,4);  // mostly 1-byte offsets
 108     static final Coding BRANCH5 = Coding.of(5,4,2); // mostly forward branches
 109 
 110     static final Coding UNSIGNED5 = Coding.of(5,64);
 111     static final Coding UDELTA5 = UNSIGNED5.getDeltaCoding();
 112     // "sharp" (5,64) zips 0.4% better than "medium" (5,128)
 113     // It zips 1.1% better than "flat" (5,192)
 114 
 115     static final Coding SIGNED5 = Coding.of(5,64,1);  //sharp
 116     static final Coding DELTA5 = SIGNED5.getDeltaCoding();
 117     // Note:  Tried (5,128,2) and (5,192,2) with no benefit.
 118 
 119     static final Coding MDELTA5 = Coding.of(5,64,2).getDeltaCoding();
 120 
 121     private static final Coding[] basicCodings = {
 122         // Table of "Canonical BHSD Codings" from Pack200 spec.
 123         null,  // _meta_default
 124 
 125         // Fixed-length codings:
 126         Coding.of(1,256,0),
 127         Coding.of(1,256,1),
 128         Coding.of(1,256,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 129         Coding.of(1,256,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 130         Coding.of(2,256,0),
 131         Coding.of(2,256,1),
 132         Coding.of(2,256,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 133         Coding.of(2,256,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 134         Coding.of(3,256,0),
 135         Coding.of(3,256,1),
 136         Coding.of(3,256,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 137         Coding.of(3,256,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 138         Coding.of(4,256,0),
 139         Coding.of(4,256,1),
 140         Coding.of(4,256,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 141         Coding.of(4,256,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 142 
 143         // Full-range variable-length codings:
 144         Coding.of(5,  4,0),
 145         Coding.of(5,  4,1),
 146         Coding.of(5,  4,2),
 147         Coding.of(5, 16,0),
 148         Coding.of(5, 16,1),
 149         Coding.of(5, 16,2),
 150         Coding.of(5, 32,0),
 151         Coding.of(5, 32,1),
 152         Coding.of(5, 32,2),
 153         Coding.of(5, 64,0),
 154         Coding.of(5, 64,1),
 155         Coding.of(5, 64,2),
 156         Coding.of(5,128,0),
 157         Coding.of(5,128,1),
 158         Coding.of(5,128,2),
 159 
 160         Coding.of(5,  4,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 161         Coding.of(5,  4,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 162         Coding.of(5,  4,2).getDeltaCoding(),
 163         Coding.of(5, 16,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 164         Coding.of(5, 16,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 165         Coding.of(5, 16,2).getDeltaCoding(),
 166         Coding.of(5, 32,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 167         Coding.of(5, 32,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 168         Coding.of(5, 32,2).getDeltaCoding(),
 169         Coding.of(5, 64,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 170         Coding.of(5, 64,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 171         Coding.of(5, 64,2).getDeltaCoding(),
 172         Coding.of(5,128,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 173         Coding.of(5,128,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 174         Coding.of(5,128,2).getDeltaCoding(),
 175 
 176         // Variable length subrange codings:
 177         Coding.of(2,192,0),
 178         Coding.of(2,224,0),
 179         Coding.of(2,240,0),
 180         Coding.of(2,248,0),
 181         Coding.of(2,252,0),
 182 
 183         Coding.of(2,  8,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 184         Coding.of(2,  8,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 185         Coding.of(2, 16,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 186         Coding.of(2, 16,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 187         Coding.of(2, 32,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 188         Coding.of(2, 32,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 189         Coding.of(2, 64,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 190         Coding.of(2, 64,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 191         Coding.of(2,128,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 192         Coding.of(2,128,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 193         Coding.of(2,192,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 194         Coding.of(2,192,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 195         Coding.of(2,224,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 196         Coding.of(2,224,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 197         Coding.of(2,240,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 198         Coding.of(2,240,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 199         Coding.of(2,248,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 200         Coding.of(2,248,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 201 
 202         Coding.of(3,192,0),
 203         Coding.of(3,224,0),
 204         Coding.of(3,240,0),
 205         Coding.of(3,248,0),
 206         Coding.of(3,252,0),
 207 
 208         Coding.of(3,  8,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 209         Coding.of(3,  8,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 210         Coding.of(3, 16,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 211         Coding.of(3, 16,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 212         Coding.of(3, 32,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 213         Coding.of(3, 32,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 214         Coding.of(3, 64,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 215         Coding.of(3, 64,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 216         Coding.of(3,128,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 217         Coding.of(3,128,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 218         Coding.of(3,192,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 219         Coding.of(3,192,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 220         Coding.of(3,224,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 221         Coding.of(3,224,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 222         Coding.of(3,240,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 223         Coding.of(3,240,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 224         Coding.of(3,248,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 225         Coding.of(3,248,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 226 
 227         Coding.of(4,192,0),
 228         Coding.of(4,224,0),
 229         Coding.of(4,240,0),
 230         Coding.of(4,248,0),
 231         Coding.of(4,252,0),
 232 
 233         Coding.of(4,  8,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 234         Coding.of(4,  8,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 235         Coding.of(4, 16,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 236         Coding.of(4, 16,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 237         Coding.of(4, 32,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 238         Coding.of(4, 32,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 239         Coding.of(4, 64,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 240         Coding.of(4, 64,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 241         Coding.of(4,128,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 242         Coding.of(4,128,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 243         Coding.of(4,192,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 244         Coding.of(4,192,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 245         Coding.of(4,224,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 246         Coding.of(4,224,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 247         Coding.of(4,240,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 248         Coding.of(4,240,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 249         Coding.of(4,248,0).getDeltaCoding(),
 250         Coding.of(4,248,1).getDeltaCoding(),
 251 
 252         null
 253     };
 254     private static final Map<Coding, Integer> basicCodingIndexes;
 255     static {
 256         assert(basicCodings[_meta_default] == null);
 257         assert(basicCodings[_meta_canon_min] != null);
 258         assert(basicCodings[_meta_canon_max] != null);
 259         Map<Coding, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
 260         for (int i = 0; i < basicCodings.length; i++) {
 261             Coding c = basicCodings[i];
 262             if (c == null)  continue;
 263             assert(i >= _meta_canon_min);
 264             assert(i <= _meta_canon_max);
 265             map.put(c, i);
 266         }
 267         basicCodingIndexes = map;
 268     }
 269     public static Coding codingForIndex(int i) {
 270         return i < basicCodings.length ? basicCodings[i] : null;
 271     }
 272     public static int indexOf(Coding c) {
 273         Integer i = basicCodingIndexes.get(c);
 274         if (i == null)  return 0;
 275         return i.intValue();
 276     }
 277     public static Coding[] getBasicCodings() {
 278         return basicCodings.clone();
 279     }
 280 
 281     protected byte[] bandHeaderBytes;    // used for input only
 282     protected int    bandHeaderBytePos;  // BHB read pointer, for input only
 283     protected int    bandHeaderBytePos0; // for debug
 284 
 285     protected CodingMethod getBandHeader(int XB, Coding regularCoding) {
 286         CodingMethod[] res = {null};
 287         // push back XB onto the band header bytes
 288         bandHeaderBytes[--bandHeaderBytePos] = (byte) XB;
 289         bandHeaderBytePos0 = bandHeaderBytePos;
 290         // scan forward through XB and any additional band header bytes
 291         bandHeaderBytePos = parseMetaCoding(bandHeaderBytes,
 292                                             bandHeaderBytePos,
 293                                             regularCoding,
 294                                             res);
 295         return res[0];
 296     }
 297 
 298     public static int parseMetaCoding(byte[] bytes, int pos, Coding dflt, CodingMethod[] res) {
 299         if ((bytes[pos] & 0xFF) == _meta_default) {
 300             res[0] = dflt;
 301             return pos+1;
 302         }
 303         int pos2;
 304         pos2 = Coding.parseMetaCoding(bytes, pos, dflt, res);
 305         if (pos2 > pos)  return pos2;
 306         pos2 = PopulationCoding.parseMetaCoding(bytes, pos, dflt, res);
 307         if (pos2 > pos)  return pos2;
 308         pos2 = AdaptiveCoding.parseMetaCoding(bytes, pos, dflt, res);
 309         if (pos2 > pos)  return pos2;
 310         throw new RuntimeException("Bad meta-coding op "+(bytes[pos]&0xFF));
 311     }
 312 
 313     static final int SHORT_BAND_HEURISTIC = 100;
 314 
 315     public static final int NO_PHASE        = 0;
 316 
 317     // package writing phases:
 318     public static final int COLLECT_PHASE   = 1; // collect data before write
 319     public static final int FROZEN_PHASE    = 3; // no longer collecting
 320     public static final int WRITE_PHASE     = 5; // ready to write bytes
 321 
 322     // package reading phases:
 323     public static final int EXPECT_PHASE    = 2; // gather expected counts
 324     public static final int READ_PHASE      = 4; // ready to read bytes
 325     public static final int DISBURSE_PHASE  = 6; // pass out data after read
 326 
 327     public static final int DONE_PHASE      = 8; // done writing or reading
 328 
 329     static boolean phaseIsRead(int p) {
 330         return (p % 2) == 0;
 331     }
 332     static int phaseCmp(int p0, int p1) {
 333         assert((p0 % 2) == (p1 % 2) || (p0 % 8) == 0 || (p1 % 8) == 0);
 334         return p0 - p1;
 335     }
 336 
 337     /** The packed file is divided up into a number of segments.
 338      *  Most segments are typed as ValueBand, strongly-typed sequences
 339      *  of integer values, all interpreted in a single way.
 340      *  A few segments are ByteBands, which hetergeneous sequences
 341      *  of bytes.
 342      *
 343      *  The two phases for writing a packed file are COLLECT and WRITE.
 344      *  1. When writing a packed file, each band collects
 345      *  data in an ad-hoc order.
 346      *  2. At the end, each band is assigned a coding scheme,
 347      *  and then all the bands are written in their global order.
 348      *
 349      *  The three phases for reading a packed file are EXPECT, READ,
 350      *  and DISBURSE.
 351      *  1. For each band, the expected number of integers  is determined.
 352      *  2. The data is actually read from the file into the band.
 353      *  3. The band pays out its values as requested, in an ad hoc order.
 354      *
 355      *  When the last phase of a band is done, it is marked so (DONE).
 356      *  Clearly, these phases must be properly ordered WRT each other.
 357      */
 358     abstract class Band {
 359         private int    phase = NO_PHASE;
 360         private final  String name;
 361 
 362         private int    valuesExpected;
 363 
 364         protected long outputSize = -1;  // cache
 365 
 366         public final Coding regularCoding;
 367 
 368         public final int seqForDebug;
 369         public int       elementCountForDebug;
 370 
 371 
 372         protected Band(String name, Coding regularCoding) {
 373             this.name = name;
 374             this.regularCoding = regularCoding;
 375             this.seqForDebug = ++nextSeqForDebug;
 376             if (verbose > 2)
 377                 Utils.log.fine("Band "+seqForDebug+" is "+name);
 378             // caller must call init
 379         }
 380 
 381         public Band init() {
 382             // Cannot due this from the constructor, because constructor
 383             // may wish to initialize some subclass variables.
 384             // Set initial phase for reading or writing:
 385             if (isReader)
 386                 readyToExpect();
 387             else
 388                 readyToCollect();
 389             return this;
 390         }
 391 
 392         // common operations
 393         boolean isReader() { return isReader; }
 394         int phase() { return phase; }
 395         String name() { return name; }
 396 
 397         /** Return -1 if data buffer not allocated, else max length. */
 398         public abstract int capacity();
 399 
 400         /** Allocate data buffer to specified length. */
 401         protected abstract void setCapacity(int cap);
 402 
 403         /** Return current number of values in buffer, which must exist. */
 404         public abstract int length();
 405 
 406         protected abstract int valuesRemainingForDebug();
 407 
 408         public final int valuesExpected() {
 409             return valuesExpected;
 410         }
 411 
 412         /** Write out bytes, encoding the values. */
 413         public final void writeTo(OutputStream out) throws IOException {
 414             assert(assertReadyToWriteTo(this, out));
 415             setPhase(WRITE_PHASE);
 416             // subclasses continue by writing their contents to output
 417             writeDataTo(out);
 418             doneWriting();
 419         }
 420 
 421         abstract void chooseBandCodings() throws IOException;
 422 
 423         public final long outputSize() {
 424             if (outputSize >= 0) {
 425                 long size = outputSize;
 426                 assert(size == computeOutputSize());
 427                 return size;
 428             }
 429             return computeOutputSize();
 430         }
 431 
 432         protected abstract long computeOutputSize();
 433 
 434         protected abstract void writeDataTo(OutputStream out) throws IOException;
 435 
 436         /** Expect a certain number of values. */
 437         void expectLength(int l) {
 438             assert(assertPhase(this, EXPECT_PHASE));
 439             assert(valuesExpected == 0);  // all at once
 440             assert(l >= 0);
 441             valuesExpected = l;
 442         }
 443         /** Expect more values.  (Multiple calls accumulate.) */
 444         void expectMoreLength(int l) {
 445             assert(assertPhase(this, EXPECT_PHASE));
 446             valuesExpected += l;
 447         }
 448 
 449 
 450         /// Phase change markers.
 451 
 452         private void readyToCollect() { // called implicitly by constructor
 453             setCapacity(1);
 454             setPhase(COLLECT_PHASE);
 455         }
 456         protected void doneWriting() {
 457             assert(assertPhase(this, WRITE_PHASE));
 458             setPhase(DONE_PHASE);
 459         }
 460         private void readyToExpect() { // called implicitly by constructor
 461             setPhase(EXPECT_PHASE);
 462         }
 463         /** Read in bytes, decoding the values. */
 464         public final void readFrom(InputStream in) throws IOException {
 465             assert(assertReadyToReadFrom(this, in));
 466             setCapacity(valuesExpected());
 467             setPhase(READ_PHASE);
 468             // subclasses continue by reading their contents from input:
 469             readDataFrom(in);
 470             readyToDisburse();
 471         }
 472         protected abstract void readDataFrom(InputStream in) throws IOException;
 473         protected void readyToDisburse() {
 474             if (verbose > 1)  Utils.log.fine("readyToDisburse "+this);
 475             setPhase(DISBURSE_PHASE);
 476         }
 477         public void doneDisbursing() {
 478             assert(assertPhase(this, DISBURSE_PHASE));
 479             setPhase(DONE_PHASE);
 480         }
 481         public final void doneWithUnusedBand() {
 482             if (isReader) {
 483                 assert(assertPhase(this, EXPECT_PHASE));
 484                 assert(valuesExpected() == 0);
 485                 // Fast forward:
 486                 setPhase(READ_PHASE);
 487                 setPhase(DISBURSE_PHASE);
 488                 setPhase(DONE_PHASE);
 489             } else {
 490                 setPhase(FROZEN_PHASE);
 491             }
 492         }
 493 
 494         protected void setPhase(int newPhase) {
 495             assert(assertPhaseChangeOK(this, phase, newPhase));
 496             this.phase = newPhase;
 497         }
 498 
 499         protected int lengthForDebug = -1;  // DEBUG ONLY
 500         @Override
 501         public String toString() {  // DEBUG ONLY
 502             int length = (lengthForDebug != -1 ? lengthForDebug : length());
 503             String str = name;
 504             if (length != 0)
 505                 str += "[" + length + "]";
 506             if (elementCountForDebug != 0)
 507                 str += "(" + elementCountForDebug + ")";
 508             return str;
 509         }
 510     }
 511 
 512     class ValueBand extends Band {
 513         private int[]  values;   // must be null in EXPECT phase
 514         private int    length;
 515         private int    valuesDisbursed;
 516 
 517         private CodingMethod bandCoding;
 518         private byte[] metaCoding;
 519 
 520         protected ValueBand(String name, Coding regularCoding) {
 521             super(name, regularCoding);
 522         }
 523 
 524         @Override
 525         public int capacity() {
 526             return values == null ? -1 : values.length;
 527         }
 528 
 529         /** Declare predicted or needed capacity. */
 530         @Override
 531         protected void setCapacity(int cap) {
 532             assert(length <= cap);
 533             if (cap == -1) { values = null; return; }
 534             values = realloc(values, cap);
 535         }
 536 
 537         @Override
 538         public int length() {
 539             return length;
 540         }
 541         @Override
 542         protected int valuesRemainingForDebug() {
 543             return length - valuesDisbursed;
 544         }
 545         protected int valueAtForDebug(int i) {
 546             return values[i];
 547         }
 548 
 549         void patchValue(int i, int value) {
 550             // Only one use for this.
 551             assert(this == archive_header_S);
 552             assert(i == AH_ARCHIVE_SIZE_HI || i == AH_ARCHIVE_SIZE_LO);
 553             assert(i < length);  // must have already output a dummy
 554             values[i] = value;
 555             outputSize = -1;  // decache
 556         }
 557 
 558         protected void initializeValues(int[] values) {
 559             assert(assertCanChangeLength(this));
 560             assert(length == 0);
 561             this.values = values;
 562             this.length = values.length;
 563         }
 564 
 565         /** Collect one value, or store one decoded value. */
 566         protected void addValue(int x) {
 567             assert(assertCanChangeLength(this));
 568             if (length == values.length)
 569                 setCapacity(length < 1000 ? length * 10 : length * 2);
 570             values[length++] = x;
 571         }
 572 
 573         private boolean canVaryCoding() {
 574             if (!optVaryCodings)           return false;
 575             if (length == 0)               return false;
 576             // Can't read band_headers w/o the archive header:
 577             if (this == archive_header_0)  return false;
 578             if (this == archive_header_S)  return false;
 579             if (this == archive_header_1)  return false;
 580             // BYTE1 bands can't vary codings, but the others can.
 581             // All that's needed for the initial escape is at least
 582             // 256 negative values or more than 256 non-negative values
 583             return (regularCoding.min() <= -256 || regularCoding.max() >= 256);
 584         }
 585 
 586         private boolean shouldVaryCoding() {
 587             assert(canVaryCoding());
 588             if (effort < MAX_EFFORT && length < SHORT_BAND_HEURISTIC)
 589                 return false;
 590             return true;
 591         }
 592 
 593         @Override
 594         protected void chooseBandCodings() throws IOException {
 595             boolean canVary = canVaryCoding();
 596             if (!canVary || !shouldVaryCoding()) {
 597                 if (regularCoding.canRepresent(values, 0, length)) {
 598                     bandCoding = regularCoding;
 599                 } else {
 600                     assert(canVary);
 601                     if (verbose > 1)
 602                         Utils.log.fine("regular coding fails in band "+name());
 603                     bandCoding = UNSIGNED5;
 604                 }
 605                 outputSize = -1;
 606             } else {
 607                 int[] sizes = {0,0};
 608                 bandCoding = chooseCoding(values, 0, length,
 609                                           regularCoding, name(),
 610                                           sizes);
 611                 outputSize = sizes[CodingChooser.BYTE_SIZE];
 612                 if (outputSize == 0)  // CodingChooser failed to size it.
 613                     outputSize = -1;
 614             }
 615 
 616             // Compute and save the meta-coding bytes also.
 617             if (bandCoding != regularCoding) {
 618                 metaCoding = bandCoding.getMetaCoding(regularCoding);
 619                 if (verbose > 1) {
 620                     Utils.log.fine("alternate coding "+this+" "+bandCoding);
 621                 }
 622             } else if (canVary &&
 623                        decodeEscapeValue(values[0], regularCoding) >= 0) {
 624                 // Need an explicit default.
 625                 metaCoding = defaultMetaCoding;
 626             } else {
 627                 // Common case:  Zero bytes of meta coding.
 628                 metaCoding = noMetaCoding;
 629             }
 630             if (metaCoding.length > 0
 631                 && (verbose > 2 || verbose > 1 && metaCoding.length > 1)) {
 632                 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
 633                 for (int i = 0; i < metaCoding.length; i++) {
 634                     if (i == 1)  sb.append(" /");
 635                     sb.append(" ").append(metaCoding[i] & 0xFF);
 636                 }
 637                 Utils.log.fine("   meta-coding "+sb);
 638             }
 639 
 640             assert((outputSize < 0) ||
 641                    !(bandCoding instanceof Coding) ||
 642                    (outputSize == ((Coding)bandCoding)
 643                     .getLength(values, 0, length)))
 644                 : (bandCoding+" : "+
 645                    outputSize+" != "+
 646                    ((Coding)bandCoding).getLength(values, 0, length)
 647                    +" ?= "+getCodingChooser().computeByteSize(bandCoding,values,0,length)
 648                    );
 649 
 650             // Compute outputSize of the escape value X, if any.
 651             if (metaCoding.length > 0) {
 652                 // First byte XB of meta-coding is treated specially,
 653                 // but any other bytes go into the band headers band.
 654                 // This must be done before any other output happens.
 655                 if (outputSize >= 0)
 656                     outputSize += computeEscapeSize();  // good cache
 657                 // Other bytes go into band_headers.
 658                 for (int i = 1; i < metaCoding.length; i++) {
 659                     band_headers.putByte(metaCoding[i] & 0xFF);
 660                 }
 661             }
 662         }
 663 
 664         @Override
 665         protected long computeOutputSize() {
 666             outputSize = getCodingChooser().computeByteSize(bandCoding,
 667                                                             values, 0, length);
 668             assert(outputSize < Integer.MAX_VALUE);
 669             outputSize += computeEscapeSize();
 670             return outputSize;
 671         }
 672 
 673         protected int computeEscapeSize() {
 674             if (metaCoding.length == 0)  return 0;
 675             int XB = metaCoding[0] & 0xFF;
 676             int X = encodeEscapeValue(XB, regularCoding);
 677             return regularCoding.setD(0).getLength(X);
 678         }
 679 
 680         @Override
 681         protected void writeDataTo(OutputStream out) throws IOException {
 682             if (length == 0)  return;  // nothing to write
 683             long len0 = 0;
 684             if (out == outputCounter) {
 685                 len0 = outputCounter.getCount();
 686             }
 687             if (metaCoding.length > 0) {
 688                 int XB = metaCoding[0] & 0xFF;
 689                 // We need an explicit band header, either because
 690                 // there is a non-default coding method, or because
 691                 // the first value would be parsed as an escape value.
 692                 int X = encodeEscapeValue(XB, regularCoding);
 693                 //System.out.println("X="+X+" XB="+XB+" in "+this);
 694                 regularCoding.setD(0).writeTo(out, X);
 695             }
 696             bandCoding.writeArrayTo(out, values, 0, length);
 697             if (out == outputCounter) {
 698                 assert(outputSize == outputCounter.getCount() - len0)
 699                     : (outputSize+" != "+outputCounter.getCount()+"-"+len0);
 700             }
 701             if (optDumpBands)  dumpBand();
 702         }
 703 
 704         @Override
 705         protected void readDataFrom(InputStream in) throws IOException {
 706             length = valuesExpected();
 707             if (length == 0)  return;  // nothing to read
 708             if (verbose > 1)
 709                 Utils.log.fine("Reading band "+this);
 710             if (!canVaryCoding()) {
 711                 bandCoding = regularCoding;
 712                 metaCoding = noMetaCoding;
 713             } else {
 714                 assert(in.markSupported());  // input must be buffered
 715                 in.mark(Coding.B_MAX);
 716                 int X = regularCoding.setD(0).readFrom(in);
 717                 int XB = decodeEscapeValue(X, regularCoding);
 718                 if (XB < 0) {
 719                     // Do not consume this value.  No alternate coding.
 720                     in.reset();
 721                     bandCoding = regularCoding;
 722                     metaCoding = noMetaCoding;
 723                 } else if (XB == _meta_default) {
 724                     bandCoding = regularCoding;
 725                     metaCoding = defaultMetaCoding;
 726                 } else {
 727                     if (verbose > 2)
 728                         Utils.log.fine("found X="+X+" => XB="+XB);
 729                     bandCoding = getBandHeader(XB, regularCoding);
 730                     // This is really used only by dumpBands.
 731                     int p0 = bandHeaderBytePos0;
 732                     int p1 = bandHeaderBytePos;
 733                     metaCoding = new byte[p1-p0];
 734                     System.arraycopy(bandHeaderBytes, p0,
 735                                      metaCoding, 0, metaCoding.length);
 736                 }
 737             }
 738             if (bandCoding != regularCoding) {
 739                 if (verbose > 1)
 740                     Utils.log.fine(name()+": irregular coding "+bandCoding);
 741             }
 742             bandCoding.readArrayFrom(in, values, 0, length);
 743             if (optDumpBands)  dumpBand();
 744         }
 745 
 746         @Override
 747         public void doneDisbursing() {
 748             super.doneDisbursing();
 749             values = null;  // for GC
 750         }
 751 
 752         private void dumpBand() throws IOException {
 753             assert(optDumpBands);
 754             try (PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(getDumpStream(this, ".txt"))) {
 755                 String irr = (bandCoding == regularCoding) ? "" : " irregular";
 756                 ps.print("# length="+length+
 757                          " size="+outputSize()+
 758                          irr+" coding="+bandCoding);
 759                 if (metaCoding != noMetaCoding) {
 760                     StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
 761                     for (int i = 0; i < metaCoding.length; i++) {
 762                         if (i == 1)  sb.append(" /");
 763                         sb.append(" ").append(metaCoding[i] & 0xFF);
 764                     }
 765                     ps.print(" //header: "+sb);
 766                 }
 767                 printArrayTo(ps, values, 0, length);
 768             }
 769             try (OutputStream ds = getDumpStream(this, ".bnd")) {
 770                 bandCoding.writeArrayTo(ds, values, 0, length);
 771             }
 772         }
 773 
 774         /** Disburse one value. */
 775         protected int getValue() {
 776             assert(phase() == DISBURSE_PHASE);
 777             // when debugging return a zero if lengths are zero
 778             if (optDebugBands && length == 0 && valuesDisbursed == length)
 779                 return 0;
 780             assert(valuesDisbursed <= length);
 781             return values[valuesDisbursed++];
 782         }
 783 
 784         /** Reset for another pass over the same value set. */
 785         public void resetForSecondPass() {
 786             assert(phase() == DISBURSE_PHASE);
 787             assert(valuesDisbursed == length());  // 1st pass is complete
 788             valuesDisbursed = 0;
 789         }
 790     }
 791 
 792     class ByteBand extends Band {
 793         private ByteArrayOutputStream bytes;  // input buffer
 794         private ByteArrayOutputStream bytesForDump;
 795         private InputStream in;
 796 
 797         public ByteBand(String name) {
 798             super(name, BYTE1);
 799         }
 800 
 801         @Override
 802         public int capacity() {
 803             return bytes == null ? -1 : Integer.MAX_VALUE;
 804         }
 805         @Override
 806         protected void setCapacity(int cap) {
 807             assert(bytes == null);  // do this just once
 808             bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream(cap);
 809         }
 810         public void destroy() {
 811             lengthForDebug = length();
 812             bytes = null;
 813         }
 814 
 815         @Override
 816         public int length() {
 817             return bytes == null ? -1 : bytes.size();
 818         }
 819         public void reset() {
 820             bytes.reset();
 821         }
 822         @Override
 823         protected int valuesRemainingForDebug() {
 824             return (bytes == null) ? -1 : ((ByteArrayInputStream)in).available();
 825         }
 826 
 827         @Override
 828         protected void chooseBandCodings() throws IOException {
 829             // No-op.
 830             assert(decodeEscapeValue(regularCoding.min(), regularCoding) < 0);
 831             assert(decodeEscapeValue(regularCoding.max(), regularCoding) < 0);
 832         }
 833 
 834         @Override
 835         protected long computeOutputSize() {
 836             // do not cache
 837             return bytes.size();
 838         }
 839 
 840         @Override
 841         public void writeDataTo(OutputStream out) throws IOException {
 842             if (length() == 0)  return;
 843             bytes.writeTo(out);
 844             if (optDumpBands)  dumpBand();
 845             destroy();  // done with the bits!
 846         }
 847 
 848         private void dumpBand() throws IOException {
 849             assert(optDumpBands);
 850             try (OutputStream ds = getDumpStream(this, ".bnd")) {
 851                 if (bytesForDump != null)
 852                     bytesForDump.writeTo(ds);
 853                 else
 854                     bytes.writeTo(ds);
 855             }
 856         }
 857 
 858         @Override
 859         public void readDataFrom(InputStream in) throws IOException {
 860             int vex = valuesExpected();
 861             if (vex == 0)  return;
 862             if (verbose > 1) {
 863                 lengthForDebug = vex;
 864                 Utils.log.fine("Reading band "+this);
 865                 lengthForDebug = -1;
 866             }
 867             byte[] buf = new byte[Math.min(vex, 1<<14)];
 868             while (vex > 0) {
 869                 int nr = in.read(buf, 0, Math.min(vex, buf.length));
 870                 if (nr < 0)  throw new EOFException();
 871                 bytes.write(buf, 0, nr);
 872                 vex -= nr;
 873             }
 874             if (optDumpBands)  dumpBand();
 875         }
 876 
 877         @Override
 878         public void readyToDisburse() {
 879             in = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes.toByteArray());
 880             super.readyToDisburse();
 881         }
 882 
 883         @Override
 884         public void doneDisbursing() {
 885             super.doneDisbursing();
 886             if (optDumpBands
 887                 && bytesForDump != null && bytesForDump.size() > 0) {
 888                 try {
 889                     dumpBand();
 890                 } catch (IOException ee) {
 891                     throw new RuntimeException(ee);
 892                 }
 893             }
 894             in = null; // GC
 895             bytes = null;  // GC
 896             bytesForDump = null;  // GC
 897         }
 898 
 899         // alternative to readFrom:
 900         public void setInputStreamFrom(InputStream in) throws IOException {
 901             assert(bytes == null);
 902             assert(assertReadyToReadFrom(this, in));
 903             setPhase(READ_PHASE);
 904             this.in = in;
 905             if (optDumpBands) {
 906                 // Tap the stream.
 907                 bytesForDump = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
 908                 this.in = new FilterInputStream(in) {
 909                     @Override
 910                     public int read() throws IOException {
 911                         int ch = in.read();
 912                         if (ch >= 0)  bytesForDump.write(ch);
 913                         return ch;
 914                     }
 915                     @Override
 916                     public int read(byte b[], int off, int len) throws IOException {
 917                         int nr = in.read(b, off, len);
 918                         if (nr >= 0)  bytesForDump.write(b, off, nr);
 919                         return nr;
 920                     }
 921                 };
 922             }
 923             super.readyToDisburse();
 924         }
 925 
 926         public OutputStream collectorStream() {
 927             assert(phase() == COLLECT_PHASE);
 928             assert(bytes != null);
 929             return bytes;
 930         }
 931 
 932         public InputStream getInputStream() {
 933             assert(phase() == DISBURSE_PHASE);
 934             assert(in != null);
 935             return in;
 936         }
 937         public int getByte() throws IOException {
 938             int b = getInputStream().read();
 939             if (b < 0)  throw new EOFException();
 940             return b;
 941         }
 942         public void putByte(int b) throws IOException {
 943             assert(b == (b & 0xFF));
 944             collectorStream().write(b);
 945         }
 946         @Override
 947         public String toString() {
 948             return "byte "+super.toString();
 949         }
 950     }
 951 
 952     class IntBand extends ValueBand {
 953         // The usual coding for bands is 7bit/5byte/delta.
 954         public IntBand(String name, Coding regularCoding) {
 955             super(name, regularCoding);
 956         }
 957 
 958         public void putInt(int x) {
 959             assert(phase() == COLLECT_PHASE);
 960             addValue(x);
 961         }
 962 
 963         public int getInt() {
 964             return getValue();
 965         }
 966         /** Return the sum of all values in this band. */
 967         public int getIntTotal() {
 968             assert(phase() == DISBURSE_PHASE);
 969             // assert that this is the whole pass; no other reads allowed
 970             assert(valuesRemainingForDebug() == length());
 971             int total = 0;
 972             for (int k = length(); k > 0; k--) {
 973                 total += getInt();
 974             }
 975             resetForSecondPass();
 976             return total;
 977         }
 978         /** Return the occurrence count of a specific value in this band. */
 979         public int getIntCount(int value) {
 980             assert(phase() == DISBURSE_PHASE);
 981             // assert that this is the whole pass; no other reads allowed
 982             assert(valuesRemainingForDebug() == length());
 983             int total = 0;
 984             for (int k = length(); k > 0; k--) {
 985                 if (getInt() == value) {
 986                     total += 1;
 987                 }
 988             }
 989             resetForSecondPass();
 990             return total;
 991         }
 992     }
 993 
 994     static int getIntTotal(int[] values) {
 995         int total = 0;
 996         for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
 997             total += values[i];
 998         }
 999         return total;
1000     }
1001 
1002     class CPRefBand extends ValueBand {
1003         Index index;
1004         boolean nullOK;
1005 
1006         public CPRefBand(String name, Coding regularCoding, byte cpTag, boolean nullOK) {
1007             super(name, regularCoding);
1008             this.nullOK = nullOK;
1009             if (cpTag != CONSTANT_None)
1010                 setBandIndex(this, cpTag);
1011         }
1012         public CPRefBand(String name, Coding regularCoding, byte cpTag) {
1013             this(name, regularCoding, cpTag, false);
1014         }
1015         public CPRefBand(String name, Coding regularCoding, Object undef) {
1016             this(name, regularCoding, CONSTANT_None, false);
1017         }
1018 
1019         public void setIndex(Index index) {
1020             this.index = index;
1021         }
1022 
1023         protected void readDataFrom(InputStream in) throws IOException {
1024             super.readDataFrom(in);
1025             assert(assertValidCPRefs(this));
1026         }
1027 
1028         /** Write a constant pool reference. */
1029         public void putRef(Entry e) {
1030             addValue(encodeRefOrNull(e, index));
1031         }
1032         public void putRef(Entry e, Index index) {
1033             assert(this.index == null);
1034             addValue(encodeRefOrNull(e, index));
1035         }
1036         public void putRef(Entry e, byte cptag) {
1037             putRef(e, getCPIndex(cptag));
1038         }
1039 
1040         public Entry getRef() {
1041             if (index == null)  Utils.log.warning("No index for "+this);
1042             assert(index != null);
1043             return decodeRefOrNull(getValue(), index);
1044         }
1045         public Entry getRef(Index index) {
1046             assert(this.index == null);
1047             return decodeRefOrNull(getValue(), index);
1048         }
1049         public Entry getRef(byte cptag) {
1050             return getRef(getCPIndex(cptag));
1051         }
1052 
1053         private int encodeRefOrNull(Entry e, Index index) {
1054             int nonNullCode;  // NNC is the coding which assumes nulls are rare
1055             if (e == null) {
1056                 nonNullCode = -1;  // negative values are rare
1057             } else {
1058                 nonNullCode = encodeRef(e, index);
1059             }
1060             // If nulls are expected, increment, to make -1 code turn to 0.
1061             return (nullOK ? 1 : 0) + nonNullCode;
1062         }
1063         private Entry decodeRefOrNull(int code, Index index) {
1064             // Inverse to encodeRefOrNull...
1065             int nonNullCode = code - (nullOK ? 1 : 0);
1066             if (nonNullCode == -1) {
1067                 return null;
1068             } else {
1069                 return decodeRef(nonNullCode, index);
1070             }
1071         }
1072     }
1073 
1074     // Bootstrap support for CPRefBands.  These are needed to record
1075     // intended CP indexes, before the CP has been created.
1076     private final List<CPRefBand> allKQBands = new ArrayList<>();
1077     private List<Object[]> needPredefIndex = new ArrayList<>();
1078 
1079 
1080     int encodeRef(Entry e, Index ix) {
1081         if (ix == null)
1082             throw new RuntimeException("null index for " + e.stringValue());
1083         int coding = ix.indexOf(e);
1084         if (verbose > 2)
1085             Utils.log.fine("putRef "+coding+" => "+e);
1086         return coding;
1087     }
1088 
1089     Entry decodeRef(int n, Index ix) {
1090         if (n < 0 || n >= ix.size())
1091             Utils.log.warning("decoding bad ref "+n+" in "+ix);
1092         Entry e = ix.getEntry(n);
1093         if (verbose > 2)
1094             Utils.log.fine("getRef "+n+" => "+e);
1095         return e;
1096     }
1097 
1098     private CodingChooser codingChooser;
1099     protected CodingChooser getCodingChooser() {
1100         if (codingChooser == null) {
1101             codingChooser = new CodingChooser(effort, basicCodings);
1102             if (codingChooser.stress != null
1103                 && this instanceof PackageWriter) {
1104                 // Twist the random state based on my first file.
1105                 // This sends each segment off in a different direction.
1106                 List<Package.Class> classes = ((PackageWriter)this).pkg.classes;
1107                 if (!classes.isEmpty()) {
1108                     Package.Class cls = classes.get(0);
1109                     codingChooser.addStressSeed(cls.getName().hashCode());
1110                 }
1111             }
1112         }
1113         return codingChooser;
1114     }
1115 
1116     public CodingMethod chooseCoding(int[] values, int start, int end,
1117                                      Coding regular, String bandName,
1118                                      int[] sizes) {
1119         assert(optVaryCodings);
1120         if (effort <= MIN_EFFORT) {
1121             return regular;
1122         }
1123         CodingChooser cc = getCodingChooser();
1124         if (verbose > 1 || cc.verbose > 1) {
1125             Utils.log.fine("--- chooseCoding "+bandName);
1126         }
1127         return cc.choose(values, start, end, regular, sizes);
1128     }
1129 
1130     static final byte[] defaultMetaCoding = { _meta_default };
1131     static final byte[] noMetaCoding      = {};
1132 
1133     // The first value in a band is always coded with the default coding D.
1134     // If this first value X is an escape value, it actually represents the
1135     // first (and perhaps only) byte of a meta-coding.
1136     //
1137     // If D.S != 0 and D includes the range [-256..-1],
1138     // the escape values are in that range,
1139     // and the first byte XB is -1-X.
1140     //
1141     // If D.S == 0 and D includes the range [(D.L)..(D.L)+255],
1142     // the escape values are in that range,
1143     // and XB is X-(D.L).
1144     //
1145     // This representation is designed so that a band header is unlikely
1146     // to be confused with the initial value of a headerless band,
1147     // and yet so that a band header is likely to occupy only a byte or two.
1148     //
1149     // Result is in [0..255] if XB was successfully extracted, else -1.
1150     // See section "Coding Specifier Meta-Encoding" in the JSR 200 spec.
1151     protected static int decodeEscapeValue(int X, Coding regularCoding) {
1152         // The first value in a band is always coded with the default coding D.
1153         // If this first value X is an escape value, it actually represents the
1154         // first (and perhaps only) byte of a meta-coding.
1155         // Result is in [0..255] if XB was successfully extracted, else -1.
1156         if (regularCoding.B() == 1 || regularCoding.L() == 0)
1157             return -1;  // degenerate regular coding (BYTE1)
1158         if (regularCoding.S() != 0) {
1159             if (-256 <= X && X <= -1 && regularCoding.min() <= -256) {
1160                 int XB = -1-X;
1161                 assert(XB >= 0 && XB < 256);
1162                 return XB;
1163             }
1164         } else {
1165             int L = regularCoding.L();
1166             if (L <= X && X <= L+255 && regularCoding.max() >= L+255) {
1167                 int XB = X-L;
1168                 assert(XB >= 0 && XB < 256);
1169                 return XB;
1170             }
1171         }
1172         return -1;  // negative value for failure
1173     }
1174     // Inverse to decodeEscapeValue().
1175     protected static int encodeEscapeValue(int XB, Coding regularCoding) {
1176         assert(XB >= 0 && XB < 256);
1177         assert(regularCoding.B() > 1 && regularCoding.L() > 0);
1178         int X;
1179         if (regularCoding.S() != 0) {
1180             assert(regularCoding.min() <= -256);
1181             X = -1-XB;
1182         } else {
1183             int L = regularCoding.L();
1184             assert(regularCoding.max() >= L+255);
1185             X = XB+L;
1186         }
1187         assert(decodeEscapeValue(X, regularCoding) == XB)
1188             : (regularCoding+" XB="+XB+" X="+X);
1189         return X;
1190     }
1191 
1192     static {
1193         boolean checkXB = false;
1194         assert(checkXB = true);
1195         if (checkXB) {
1196             for (int i = 0; i < basicCodings.length; i++) {
1197                 Coding D = basicCodings[i];
1198                 if (D == null)   continue;
1199                 if (D.B() == 1)  continue;
1200                 if (D.L() == 0)  continue;
1201                 for (int XB = 0; XB <= 255; XB++) {
1202                     // The following exercises decodeEscapeValue also:
1203                     encodeEscapeValue(XB, D);
1204                 }
1205             }
1206         }
1207     }
1208 
1209     class MultiBand extends Band {
1210         MultiBand(String name, Coding regularCoding) {
1211             super(name, regularCoding);
1212         }
1213 
1214         @Override
1215         public Band init() {
1216             super.init();
1217             // This is all just to keep the asserts happy:
1218             setCapacity(0);
1219             if (phase() == EXPECT_PHASE) {
1220                 // Fast forward:
1221                 setPhase(READ_PHASE);
1222                 setPhase(DISBURSE_PHASE);
1223             }
1224             return this;
1225         }
1226 
1227         Band[] bands     = new Band[10];
1228         int    bandCount = 0;
1229 
1230         int size() {
1231             return bandCount;
1232         }
1233         Band get(int i) {
1234             assert(i < bandCount);
1235             return bands[i];
1236         }
1237         Band[] toArray() {
1238             return (Band[]) realloc(bands, bandCount);
1239         }
1240 
1241         void add(Band b) {
1242             assert(bandCount == 0 || notePrevForAssert(b, bands[bandCount-1]));
1243             if (bandCount == bands.length) {
1244                 bands = (Band[]) realloc(bands);
1245             }
1246             bands[bandCount++] = b;
1247         }
1248 
1249         ByteBand newByteBand(String name) {
1250             ByteBand b = new ByteBand(name);
1251             b.init(); add(b);
1252             return b;
1253         }
1254         IntBand newIntBand(String name) {
1255             IntBand b = new IntBand(name, regularCoding);
1256             b.init(); add(b);
1257             return b;
1258         }
1259         IntBand newIntBand(String name, Coding regularCoding) {
1260             IntBand b = new IntBand(name, regularCoding);
1261             b.init(); add(b);
1262             return b;
1263         }
1264         MultiBand newMultiBand(String name, Coding regularCoding) {
1265             MultiBand b = new MultiBand(name, regularCoding);
1266             b.init(); add(b);
1267             return b;
1268         }
1269         CPRefBand newCPRefBand(String name, byte cpTag) {
1270             CPRefBand b = new CPRefBand(name, regularCoding, cpTag);
1271             b.init(); add(b);
1272             return b;
1273         }
1274         CPRefBand newCPRefBand(String name, Coding regularCoding,
1275                                byte cpTag) {
1276             CPRefBand b = new CPRefBand(name, regularCoding, cpTag);
1277             b.init(); add(b);
1278             return b;
1279         }
1280         CPRefBand newCPRefBand(String name, Coding regularCoding,
1281                                byte cpTag, boolean nullOK) {
1282             CPRefBand b = new CPRefBand(name, regularCoding, cpTag, nullOK);
1283             b.init(); add(b);
1284             return b;
1285         }
1286 
1287         int bandCount() { return bandCount; }
1288 
1289         private int cap = -1;
1290         @Override
1291         public int capacity() { return cap; }
1292         @Override
1293         public void setCapacity(int cap) { this.cap = cap; }
1294 
1295         @Override
1296         public int length() { return 0; }
1297         @Override
1298         public int valuesRemainingForDebug() { return 0; }
1299 
1300         @Override
1301         protected void chooseBandCodings() throws IOException {
1302             // coding decision pass
1303             for (int i = 0; i < bandCount; i++) {
1304                 Band b = bands[i];
1305                 b.chooseBandCodings();
1306             }
1307         }
1308 
1309         @Override
1310         protected long computeOutputSize() {
1311             // coding decision pass
1312             long sum = 0;
1313             for (int i = 0; i < bandCount; i++) {
1314                 Band b = bands[i];
1315                 long bsize = b.outputSize();
1316                 assert(bsize >= 0) : b;
1317                 sum += bsize;
1318             }
1319             // do not cache
1320             return sum;
1321         }
1322 
1323         @Override
1324         protected void writeDataTo(OutputStream out) throws IOException {
1325             long preCount = 0;
1326             if (outputCounter != null)  preCount = outputCounter.getCount();
1327             for (int i = 0; i < bandCount; i++) {
1328                 Band b = bands[i];
1329                 b.writeTo(out);
1330                 if (outputCounter != null) {
1331                     long postCount = outputCounter.getCount();
1332                     long len = postCount - preCount;
1333                     preCount = postCount;
1334                     if ((verbose > 0 && len > 0) || verbose > 1) {
1335                         Utils.log.info("  ...wrote "+len+" bytes from "+b);
1336                     }
1337                 }
1338             }
1339         }
1340 
1341         @Override
1342         protected void readDataFrom(InputStream in) throws IOException {
1343             assert(false);  // not called?
1344             for (int i = 0; i < bandCount; i++) {
1345                 Band b = bands[i];
1346                 b.readFrom(in);
1347                 if ((verbose > 0 && b.length() > 0) || verbose > 1) {
1348                     Utils.log.info("  ...read "+b);
1349                 }
1350             }
1351         }
1352 
1353         @Override
1354         public String toString() {
1355             return "{"+bandCount()+" bands: "+super.toString()+"}";
1356         }
1357     }
1358 
1359     /**
1360      * An output stream which counts the number of bytes written.
1361      */
1362     private static
1363     class ByteCounter extends FilterOutputStream {
1364         // (should go public under the name CountingOutputStream?)
1365 
1366         private long count;
1367 
1368         public ByteCounter(OutputStream out) {
1369             super(out);
1370         }
1371 
1372         public long getCount() { return count; }
1373         public void setCount(long c) { count = c; }
1374 
1375         @Override
1376         public void write(int b) throws IOException {
1377             count++;
1378             if (out != null)  out.write(b);
1379         }
1380         @Override
1381         public void write(byte b[], int off, int len) throws IOException {
1382             count += len;
1383             if (out != null)  out.write(b, off, len);
1384         }
1385         @Override
1386         public String toString() {
1387             return String.valueOf(getCount());
1388         }
1389     }
1390     ByteCounter outputCounter;
1391 
1392     void writeAllBandsTo(OutputStream out) throws IOException {
1393         // Wrap a byte-counter around the output stream.
1394         outputCounter = new ByteCounter(out);
1395         out = outputCounter;
1396         all_bands.writeTo(out);
1397         if (verbose > 0) {
1398             long nbytes = outputCounter.getCount();
1399             Utils.log.info("Wrote total of "+nbytes+" bytes.");
1400             assert(nbytes == archiveSize0+archiveSize1);
1401         }
1402         outputCounter = null;
1403     }
1404 
1405     // random AO_XXX bits, decoded from the archive header
1406     protected int archiveOptions;
1407 
1408     // archiveSize1 sizes most of the archive [archive_options..file_bits).
1409     protected long archiveSize0; // size through archive_size_lo
1410     protected long archiveSize1; // size reported in archive_header
1411     protected int  archiveNextCount; // reported in archive_header
1412 
1413     static final int AH_LENGTH_0 = 3;     // archive_header_0 = {minver, majver, options}
1414     static final int AH_LENGTH_MIN = 15;  // observed in spec {header_0[3], cp_counts[8], class_counts[4]}
1415     // Length contributions from optional archive size fields:
1416     static final int AH_LENGTH_S = 2; // archive_header_S = optional {size_hi, size_lo}
1417     static final int AH_ARCHIVE_SIZE_HI = 0; // offset in archive_header_S
1418     static final int AH_ARCHIVE_SIZE_LO = 1; // offset in archive_header_S
1419     // Length contributions from optional header fields:
1420     static final int AH_FILE_HEADER_LEN = 5; // file_counts = {{size_hi, size_lo}, next, modtime, files}
1421     static final int AH_SPECIAL_FORMAT_LEN = 2; // special_counts = {layouts, band_headers}
1422     static final int AH_CP_NUMBER_LEN = 4;  // cp_number_counts = {int, float, long, double}
1423     static final int AH_CP_EXTRA_LEN = 4;  // cp_attr_counts = {MH, MT, InDy, BSM}
1424 
1425     // Common structure of attribute band groups:
1426     static final int AB_FLAGS_HI = 0;
1427     static final int AB_FLAGS_LO = 1;
1428     static final int AB_ATTR_COUNT = 2;
1429     static final int AB_ATTR_INDEXES = 3;
1430     static final int AB_ATTR_CALLS = 4;
1431 
1432     static IntBand getAttrBand(MultiBand xxx_attr_bands, int which) {
1433         IntBand b = (IntBand) xxx_attr_bands.get(which);
1434         switch (which) {
1435         case AB_FLAGS_HI:
1436             assert(b.name().endsWith("_flags_hi")); break;
1437         case AB_FLAGS_LO:
1438             assert(b.name().endsWith("_flags_lo")); break;
1439         case AB_ATTR_COUNT:
1440             assert(b.name().endsWith("_attr_count")); break;
1441         case AB_ATTR_INDEXES:
1442             assert(b.name().endsWith("_attr_indexes")); break;
1443         case AB_ATTR_CALLS:
1444             assert(b.name().endsWith("_attr_calls")); break;
1445         default:
1446             assert(false); break;
1447         }
1448         return b;
1449     }
1450 
1451     private static final boolean NULL_IS_OK = true;
1452 
1453     MultiBand all_bands = (MultiBand) new MultiBand("(package)", UNSIGNED5).init();
1454 
1455     // file header (various random bytes)
1456     ByteBand archive_magic = all_bands.newByteBand("archive_magic");
1457     IntBand  archive_header_0 = all_bands.newIntBand("archive_header_0", UNSIGNED5);
1458     IntBand  archive_header_S = all_bands.newIntBand("archive_header_S", UNSIGNED5);
1459     IntBand  archive_header_1 = all_bands.newIntBand("archive_header_1", UNSIGNED5);
1460     ByteBand band_headers = all_bands.newByteBand("band_headers");
1461 
1462     // constant pool contents
1463     MultiBand cp_bands = all_bands.newMultiBand("(constant_pool)", DELTA5);
1464     IntBand   cp_Utf8_prefix = cp_bands.newIntBand("cp_Utf8_prefix");
1465     IntBand   cp_Utf8_suffix = cp_bands.newIntBand("cp_Utf8_suffix", UNSIGNED5);
1466     IntBand   cp_Utf8_chars = cp_bands.newIntBand("cp_Utf8_chars", CHAR3);
1467     IntBand   cp_Utf8_big_suffix = cp_bands.newIntBand("cp_Utf8_big_suffix");
1468     MultiBand cp_Utf8_big_chars = cp_bands.newMultiBand("(cp_Utf8_big_chars)", DELTA5);
1469     IntBand   cp_Int = cp_bands.newIntBand("cp_Int", UDELTA5);
1470     IntBand   cp_Float = cp_bands.newIntBand("cp_Float", UDELTA5);
1471     IntBand   cp_Long_hi = cp_bands.newIntBand("cp_Long_hi", UDELTA5);
1472     IntBand   cp_Long_lo = cp_bands.newIntBand("cp_Long_lo");
1473     IntBand   cp_Double_hi = cp_bands.newIntBand("cp_Double_hi", UDELTA5);
1474     IntBand   cp_Double_lo = cp_bands.newIntBand("cp_Double_lo");
1475     CPRefBand cp_String = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_String", UDELTA5, CONSTANT_Utf8);
1476     CPRefBand cp_Class = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_Class", UDELTA5, CONSTANT_Utf8);
1477     CPRefBand cp_Signature_form = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_Signature_form", CONSTANT_Utf8);
1478     CPRefBand cp_Signature_classes = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_Signature_classes", UDELTA5, CONSTANT_Class);
1479     CPRefBand cp_Descr_name = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_Descr_name", CONSTANT_Utf8);
1480     CPRefBand cp_Descr_type = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_Descr_type", UDELTA5, CONSTANT_Signature);
1481     CPRefBand cp_Field_class = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_Field_class", CONSTANT_Class);
1482     CPRefBand cp_Field_desc = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_Field_desc", UDELTA5, CONSTANT_NameandType);
1483     CPRefBand cp_Method_class = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_Method_class", CONSTANT_Class);
1484     CPRefBand cp_Method_desc = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_Method_desc", UDELTA5, CONSTANT_NameandType);
1485     CPRefBand cp_Imethod_class = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_Imethod_class", CONSTANT_Class);
1486     CPRefBand cp_Imethod_desc = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_Imethod_desc", UDELTA5, CONSTANT_NameandType);
1487     IntBand   cp_MethodHandle_refkind = cp_bands.newIntBand("cp_MethodHandle_refkind", DELTA5);
1488     CPRefBand cp_MethodHandle_member = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_MethodHandle_member", UDELTA5, CONSTANT_AnyMember);
1489     CPRefBand cp_MethodType = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_MethodType", UDELTA5, CONSTANT_Signature);
1490     CPRefBand cp_BootstrapMethod_ref = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_BootstrapMethod_ref", DELTA5, CONSTANT_MethodHandle);
1491     IntBand   cp_BootstrapMethod_arg_count = cp_bands.newIntBand("cp_BootstrapMethod_arg_count", UDELTA5);
1492     CPRefBand cp_BootstrapMethod_arg = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_BootstrapMethod_arg", DELTA5, CONSTANT_LoadableValue);
1493     CPRefBand cp_InvokeDynamic_spec = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_InvokeDynamic_spec", DELTA5, CONSTANT_BootstrapMethod);
1494     CPRefBand cp_InvokeDynamic_desc = cp_bands.newCPRefBand("cp_InvokeDynamic_desc", UDELTA5, CONSTANT_NameandType);
1495 
1496     // bands for carrying attribute definitions:
1497     MultiBand attr_definition_bands = all_bands.newMultiBand("(attr_definition_bands)", UNSIGNED5);
1498     ByteBand attr_definition_headers = attr_definition_bands.newByteBand("attr_definition_headers");
1499     CPRefBand attr_definition_name = attr_definition_bands.newCPRefBand("attr_definition_name", CONSTANT_Utf8);
1500     CPRefBand attr_definition_layout = attr_definition_bands.newCPRefBand("attr_definition_layout", CONSTANT_Utf8);
1501 
1502     // bands for hardwired InnerClasses attribute (shared across the package)
1503     MultiBand ic_bands = all_bands.newMultiBand("(ic_bands)", DELTA5);
1504     CPRefBand ic_this_class = ic_bands.newCPRefBand("ic_this_class", UDELTA5, CONSTANT_Class);
1505     IntBand ic_flags = ic_bands.newIntBand("ic_flags", UNSIGNED5);
1506     // These bands contain data only where flags sets ACC_IC_LONG_FORM:
1507     CPRefBand ic_outer_class = ic_bands.newCPRefBand("ic_outer_class", DELTA5, CONSTANT_Class, NULL_IS_OK);
1508     CPRefBand ic_name = ic_bands.newCPRefBand("ic_name", DELTA5, CONSTANT_Utf8, NULL_IS_OK);
1509 
1510     // bands for carrying class schema information:
1511     MultiBand class_bands = all_bands.newMultiBand("(class_bands)", DELTA5);
1512     CPRefBand class_this = class_bands.newCPRefBand("class_this", CONSTANT_Class);
1513     CPRefBand class_super = class_bands.newCPRefBand("class_super", CONSTANT_Class);
1514     IntBand   class_interface_count = class_bands.newIntBand("class_interface_count");
1515     CPRefBand class_interface = class_bands.newCPRefBand("class_interface", CONSTANT_Class);
1516 
1517     // bands for class members
1518     IntBand   class_field_count = class_bands.newIntBand("class_field_count");
1519     IntBand   class_method_count = class_bands.newIntBand("class_method_count");
1520 
1521     CPRefBand field_descr = class_bands.newCPRefBand("field_descr", CONSTANT_NameandType);
1522     MultiBand field_attr_bands = class_bands.newMultiBand("(field_attr_bands)", UNSIGNED5);
1523     IntBand field_flags_hi = field_attr_bands.newIntBand("field_flags_hi");
1524     IntBand field_flags_lo = field_attr_bands.newIntBand("field_flags_lo");
1525     IntBand field_attr_count = field_attr_bands.newIntBand("field_attr_count");
1526     IntBand field_attr_indexes = field_attr_bands.newIntBand("field_attr_indexes");
1527     IntBand field_attr_calls = field_attr_bands.newIntBand("field_attr_calls");
1528 
1529     // bands for predefined field attributes
1530     CPRefBand field_ConstantValue_KQ = field_attr_bands.newCPRefBand("field_ConstantValue_KQ", CONSTANT_FieldSpecific);
1531     CPRefBand field_Signature_RS = field_attr_bands.newCPRefBand("field_Signature_RS", CONSTANT_Signature);
1532     MultiBand field_metadata_bands = field_attr_bands.newMultiBand("(field_metadata_bands)", UNSIGNED5);
1533     MultiBand field_type_metadata_bands = field_attr_bands.newMultiBand("(field_type_metadata_bands)", UNSIGNED5);
1534 
1535     CPRefBand method_descr = class_bands.newCPRefBand("method_descr", MDELTA5, CONSTANT_NameandType);
1536     MultiBand method_attr_bands = class_bands.newMultiBand("(method_attr_bands)", UNSIGNED5);
1537     IntBand  method_flags_hi = method_attr_bands.newIntBand("method_flags_hi");
1538     IntBand  method_flags_lo = method_attr_bands.newIntBand("method_flags_lo");
1539     IntBand  method_attr_count = method_attr_bands.newIntBand("method_attr_count");
1540     IntBand  method_attr_indexes = method_attr_bands.newIntBand("method_attr_indexes");
1541     IntBand  method_attr_calls = method_attr_bands.newIntBand("method_attr_calls");
1542     // band for predefined method attributes
1543     IntBand  method_Exceptions_N = method_attr_bands.newIntBand("method_Exceptions_N");
1544     CPRefBand method_Exceptions_RC = method_attr_bands.newCPRefBand("method_Exceptions_RC", CONSTANT_Class);
1545     CPRefBand method_Signature_RS = method_attr_bands.newCPRefBand("method_Signature_RS", CONSTANT_Signature);
1546     MultiBand method_metadata_bands = method_attr_bands.newMultiBand("(method_metadata_bands)", UNSIGNED5);
1547     // band for predefine method parameters
1548     IntBand  method_MethodParameters_NB = method_attr_bands.newIntBand("method_MethodParameters_NB", BYTE1);
1549     CPRefBand method_MethodParameters_name_RUN = method_attr_bands.newCPRefBand("method_MethodParameters_name_RUN", UNSIGNED5, CONSTANT_Utf8, NULL_IS_OK);
1550     IntBand   method_MethodParameters_flag_FH = method_attr_bands.newIntBand("method_MethodParameters_flag_FH");
1551     MultiBand method_type_metadata_bands = method_attr_bands.newMultiBand("(method_type_metadata_bands)", UNSIGNED5);
1552 
1553     MultiBand class_attr_bands = class_bands.newMultiBand("(class_attr_bands)", UNSIGNED5);
1554     IntBand class_flags_hi = class_attr_bands.newIntBand("class_flags_hi");
1555     IntBand class_flags_lo = class_attr_bands.newIntBand("class_flags_lo");
1556     IntBand class_attr_count = class_attr_bands.newIntBand("class_attr_count");
1557     IntBand class_attr_indexes = class_attr_bands.newIntBand("class_attr_indexes");
1558     IntBand class_attr_calls = class_attr_bands.newIntBand("class_attr_calls");
1559     // band for predefined SourceFile and other class attributes
1560     CPRefBand class_SourceFile_RUN = class_attr_bands.newCPRefBand("class_SourceFile_RUN", UNSIGNED5, CONSTANT_Utf8, NULL_IS_OK);
1561     CPRefBand class_EnclosingMethod_RC = class_attr_bands.newCPRefBand("class_EnclosingMethod_RC", CONSTANT_Class);
1562     CPRefBand class_EnclosingMethod_RDN = class_attr_bands.newCPRefBand("class_EnclosingMethod_RDN", UNSIGNED5, CONSTANT_NameandType, NULL_IS_OK);
1563     CPRefBand class_Signature_RS = class_attr_bands.newCPRefBand("class_Signature_RS", CONSTANT_Signature);
1564     MultiBand class_metadata_bands = class_attr_bands.newMultiBand("(class_metadata_bands)", UNSIGNED5);
1565     IntBand   class_InnerClasses_N = class_attr_bands.newIntBand("class_InnerClasses_N");
1566     CPRefBand class_InnerClasses_RC = class_attr_bands.newCPRefBand("class_InnerClasses_RC", CONSTANT_Class);
1567     IntBand   class_InnerClasses_F = class_attr_bands.newIntBand("class_InnerClasses_F");
1568     CPRefBand class_InnerClasses_outer_RCN = class_attr_bands.newCPRefBand("class_InnerClasses_outer_RCN", UNSIGNED5, CONSTANT_Class, NULL_IS_OK);
1569     CPRefBand class_InnerClasses_name_RUN = class_attr_bands.newCPRefBand("class_InnerClasses_name_RUN", UNSIGNED5, CONSTANT_Utf8, NULL_IS_OK);
1570     IntBand class_ClassFile_version_minor_H = class_attr_bands.newIntBand("class_ClassFile_version_minor_H");
1571     IntBand class_ClassFile_version_major_H = class_attr_bands.newIntBand("class_ClassFile_version_major_H");
1572     MultiBand class_type_metadata_bands = class_attr_bands.newMultiBand("(class_type_metadata_bands)", UNSIGNED5);
1573 
1574     MultiBand code_bands = class_bands.newMultiBand("(code_bands)", UNSIGNED5);
1575     ByteBand  code_headers = code_bands.newByteBand("code_headers"); //BYTE1
1576     IntBand   code_max_stack = code_bands.newIntBand("code_max_stack", UNSIGNED5);
1577     IntBand   code_max_na_locals = code_bands.newIntBand("code_max_na_locals", UNSIGNED5);
1578     IntBand   code_handler_count = code_bands.newIntBand("code_handler_count", UNSIGNED5);
1579     IntBand   code_handler_start_P = code_bands.newIntBand("code_handler_start_P", BCI5);
1580     IntBand   code_handler_end_PO = code_bands.newIntBand("code_handler_end_PO", BRANCH5);
1581     IntBand   code_handler_catch_PO = code_bands.newIntBand("code_handler_catch_PO", BRANCH5);
1582     CPRefBand code_handler_class_RCN = code_bands.newCPRefBand("code_handler_class_RCN", UNSIGNED5, CONSTANT_Class, NULL_IS_OK);
1583 
1584     MultiBand code_attr_bands = class_bands.newMultiBand("(code_attr_bands)", UNSIGNED5);
1585     IntBand   code_flags_hi = code_attr_bands.newIntBand("code_flags_hi");
1586     IntBand   code_flags_lo = code_attr_bands.newIntBand("code_flags_lo");
1587     IntBand   code_attr_count = code_attr_bands.newIntBand("code_attr_count");
1588     IntBand   code_attr_indexes = code_attr_bands.newIntBand("code_attr_indexes");
1589     IntBand   code_attr_calls = code_attr_bands.newIntBand("code_attr_calls");
1590 
1591     MultiBand stackmap_bands = code_attr_bands.newMultiBand("(StackMapTable_bands)", UNSIGNED5);
1592     IntBand   code_StackMapTable_N = stackmap_bands.newIntBand("code_StackMapTable_N");
1593     IntBand   code_StackMapTable_frame_T = stackmap_bands.newIntBand("code_StackMapTable_frame_T",BYTE1);
1594     IntBand   code_StackMapTable_local_N = stackmap_bands.newIntBand("code_StackMapTable_local_N");
1595     IntBand   code_StackMapTable_stack_N = stackmap_bands.newIntBand("code_StackMapTable_stack_N");
1596     IntBand   code_StackMapTable_offset = stackmap_bands.newIntBand("code_StackMapTable_offset", UNSIGNED5);
1597     IntBand   code_StackMapTable_T = stackmap_bands.newIntBand("code_StackMapTable_T", BYTE1);
1598     CPRefBand code_StackMapTable_RC = stackmap_bands.newCPRefBand("code_StackMapTable_RC", CONSTANT_Class);
1599     IntBand   code_StackMapTable_P = stackmap_bands.newIntBand("code_StackMapTable_P", BCI5);
1600 
1601     // bands for predefined LineNumberTable attribute
1602     IntBand   code_LineNumberTable_N = code_attr_bands.newIntBand("code_LineNumberTable_N");
1603     IntBand   code_LineNumberTable_bci_P = code_attr_bands.newIntBand("code_LineNumberTable_bci_P", BCI5);
1604     IntBand   code_LineNumberTable_line = code_attr_bands.newIntBand("code_LineNumberTable_line");
1605 
1606     // bands for predefined LocalVariable{Type}Table attributes
1607     IntBand   code_LocalVariableTable_N = code_attr_bands.newIntBand("code_LocalVariableTable_N");
1608     IntBand   code_LocalVariableTable_bci_P = code_attr_bands.newIntBand("code_LocalVariableTable_bci_P", BCI5);
1609     IntBand   code_LocalVariableTable_span_O = code_attr_bands.newIntBand("code_LocalVariableTable_span_O", BRANCH5);
1610     CPRefBand code_LocalVariableTable_name_RU = code_attr_bands.newCPRefBand("code_LocalVariableTable_name_RU", CONSTANT_Utf8);
1611     CPRefBand code_LocalVariableTable_type_RS = code_attr_bands.newCPRefBand("code_LocalVariableTable_type_RS", CONSTANT_Signature);
1612     IntBand   code_LocalVariableTable_slot = code_attr_bands.newIntBand("code_LocalVariableTable_slot");
1613     IntBand   code_LocalVariableTypeTable_N = code_attr_bands.newIntBand("code_LocalVariableTypeTable_N");
1614     IntBand   code_LocalVariableTypeTable_bci_P = code_attr_bands.newIntBand("code_LocalVariableTypeTable_bci_P", BCI5);
1615     IntBand   code_LocalVariableTypeTable_span_O = code_attr_bands.newIntBand("code_LocalVariableTypeTable_span_O", BRANCH5);
1616     CPRefBand code_LocalVariableTypeTable_name_RU = code_attr_bands.newCPRefBand("code_LocalVariableTypeTable_name_RU", CONSTANT_Utf8);
1617     CPRefBand code_LocalVariableTypeTable_type_RS = code_attr_bands.newCPRefBand("code_LocalVariableTypeTable_type_RS", CONSTANT_Signature);
1618     IntBand   code_LocalVariableTypeTable_slot = code_attr_bands.newIntBand("code_LocalVariableTypeTable_slot");
1619     MultiBand code_type_metadata_bands = code_attr_bands.newMultiBand("(code_type_metadata_bands)", UNSIGNED5);
1620 
1621     // bands for bytecodes
1622     MultiBand bc_bands = all_bands.newMultiBand("(byte_codes)", UNSIGNED5);
1623     ByteBand  bc_codes = bc_bands.newByteBand("bc_codes"); //BYTE1
1624     // remaining bands provide typed opcode fields required by the bc_codes
1625 
1626     IntBand   bc_case_count = bc_bands.newIntBand("bc_case_count");  // *switch
1627     IntBand   bc_case_value = bc_bands.newIntBand("bc_case_value", DELTA5);  // *switch
1628     ByteBand  bc_byte = bc_bands.newByteBand("bc_byte"); //BYTE1   // bipush, iinc, *newarray
1629     IntBand   bc_short = bc_bands.newIntBand("bc_short", DELTA5);  // sipush, wide iinc
1630     IntBand   bc_local = bc_bands.newIntBand("bc_local");    // *load, *store, iinc, ret
1631     IntBand   bc_label = bc_bands.newIntBand("bc_label", BRANCH5);    // if*, goto*, jsr*, *switch
1632 
1633     // Most CP refs exhibit some correlation, and benefit from delta coding.
1634     // The notable exceptions are class and method references.
1635 
1636     // ldc* operands:
1637     CPRefBand bc_intref = bc_bands.newCPRefBand("bc_intref", DELTA5, CONSTANT_Integer);
1638     CPRefBand bc_floatref = bc_bands.newCPRefBand("bc_floatref", DELTA5, CONSTANT_Float);
1639     CPRefBand bc_longref = bc_bands.newCPRefBand("bc_longref", DELTA5, CONSTANT_Long);
1640     CPRefBand bc_doubleref = bc_bands.newCPRefBand("bc_doubleref", DELTA5, CONSTANT_Double);
1641     CPRefBand bc_stringref = bc_bands.newCPRefBand("bc_stringref", DELTA5, CONSTANT_String);
1642     CPRefBand bc_loadablevalueref = bc_bands.newCPRefBand("bc_loadablevalueref", DELTA5, CONSTANT_LoadableValue);
1643 
1644     // nulls produced by bc_classref are taken to mean the current class
1645     CPRefBand bc_classref = bc_bands.newCPRefBand("bc_classref", UNSIGNED5, CONSTANT_Class, NULL_IS_OK);   // new, *anew*, c*cast, i*of, ldc
1646     CPRefBand bc_fieldref = bc_bands.newCPRefBand("bc_fieldref", DELTA5, CONSTANT_Fieldref);   // get*, put*
1647     CPRefBand bc_methodref = bc_bands.newCPRefBand("bc_methodref", CONSTANT_Methodref); // invoke[vs]*
1648     CPRefBand bc_imethodref = bc_bands.newCPRefBand("bc_imethodref", DELTA5, CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref); // invokeinterface
1649     CPRefBand bc_indyref = bc_bands.newCPRefBand("bc_indyref", DELTA5, CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic); // invokedynamic
1650 
1651     // _self_linker_op family
1652     CPRefBand bc_thisfield = bc_bands.newCPRefBand("bc_thisfield", CONSTANT_None);     // any field within cur. class
1653     CPRefBand bc_superfield = bc_bands.newCPRefBand("bc_superfield", CONSTANT_None);   // any field within superclass
1654     CPRefBand bc_thismethod = bc_bands.newCPRefBand("bc_thismethod", CONSTANT_None);   // any method within cur. class
1655     CPRefBand bc_supermethod = bc_bands.newCPRefBand("bc_supermethod", CONSTANT_None); // any method within superclass
1656     // bc_invokeinit family:
1657     IntBand   bc_initref = bc_bands.newIntBand("bc_initref");
1658     // escapes
1659     CPRefBand bc_escref = bc_bands.newCPRefBand("bc_escref", CONSTANT_All);
1660     IntBand   bc_escrefsize = bc_bands.newIntBand("bc_escrefsize");
1661     IntBand   bc_escsize = bc_bands.newIntBand("bc_escsize");
1662     ByteBand  bc_escbyte = bc_bands.newByteBand("bc_escbyte");
1663 
1664     // bands for carrying resource files and file attributes:
1665     MultiBand file_bands = all_bands.newMultiBand("(file_bands)", UNSIGNED5);
1666     CPRefBand file_name = file_bands.newCPRefBand("file_name", CONSTANT_Utf8);
1667     IntBand file_size_hi = file_bands.newIntBand("file_size_hi");
1668     IntBand file_size_lo = file_bands.newIntBand("file_size_lo");
1669     IntBand file_modtime = file_bands.newIntBand("file_modtime", DELTA5);
1670     IntBand file_options = file_bands.newIntBand("file_options");
1671     ByteBand file_bits = file_bands.newByteBand("file_bits");
1672 
1673     // End of band definitions!
1674 
1675     /** Given CP indexes, distribute tag-specific indexes to bands. */
1676     protected void setBandIndexes() {
1677         // Handle prior calls to setBandIndex:
1678         for (Object[] need : needPredefIndex) {
1679             CPRefBand b     = (CPRefBand) need[0];
1680             Byte      which = (Byte)      need[1];
1681             b.setIndex(getCPIndex(which.byteValue()));
1682         }
1683         needPredefIndex = null;  // no more predefs
1684 
1685         if (verbose > 3) {
1686             printCDecl(all_bands);
1687         }
1688     }
1689 
1690     protected void setBandIndex(CPRefBand b, byte which) {
1691         Object[] need = { b, Byte.valueOf(which) };
1692         if (which == CONSTANT_FieldSpecific) {
1693             // I.e., attribute layouts KQ (no null) or KQN (null ok).
1694             allKQBands.add(b);
1695         } else if (needPredefIndex != null) {
1696             needPredefIndex.add(need);
1697         } else {
1698             // Not in predefinition mode; getCPIndex now works.
1699             b.setIndex(getCPIndex(which));
1700         }
1701     }
1702 
1703     protected void setConstantValueIndex(Field f) {
1704         Index ix = null;
1705         if (f != null) {
1706             byte tag = f.getLiteralTag();
1707             ix = getCPIndex(tag);
1708             if (verbose > 2)
1709                 Utils.log.fine("setConstantValueIndex "+f+" "+ConstantPool.tagName(tag)+" => "+ix);
1710             assert(ix != null);
1711         }
1712         // Typically, allKQBands is the singleton of field_ConstantValue_KQ.
1713         for (CPRefBand xxx_KQ : allKQBands) {
1714             xxx_KQ.setIndex(ix);
1715         }
1716     }
1717 
1718     // Table of bands which contain metadata.
1719     protected MultiBand[] metadataBands = new MultiBand[ATTR_CONTEXT_LIMIT];
1720     {
1721         metadataBands[ATTR_CONTEXT_CLASS] = class_metadata_bands;
1722         metadataBands[ATTR_CONTEXT_FIELD] = field_metadata_bands;
1723         metadataBands[ATTR_CONTEXT_METHOD] = method_metadata_bands;
1724     }
1725     // Table of bands which contains type_metadata (TypeAnnotations)
1726     protected MultiBand[] typeMetadataBands = new MultiBand[ATTR_CONTEXT_LIMIT];
1727     {
1728         typeMetadataBands[ATTR_CONTEXT_CLASS] = class_type_metadata_bands;
1729         typeMetadataBands[ATTR_CONTEXT_FIELD] = field_type_metadata_bands;
1730         typeMetadataBands[ATTR_CONTEXT_METHOD] = method_type_metadata_bands;
1731         typeMetadataBands[ATTR_CONTEXT_CODE]   = code_type_metadata_bands;
1732     }
1733 
1734     // Attribute layouts.
1735     public static final int ADH_CONTEXT_MASK   = 0x3;  // (ad_hdr & ADH_CONTEXT_MASK)
1736     public static final int ADH_BIT_SHIFT      = 0x2;  // (ad_hdr >> ADH_BIT_SHIFT)
1737     public static final int ADH_BIT_IS_LSB     = 1;
1738     public static final int ATTR_INDEX_OVERFLOW  = -1;
1739 
1740     public int[] attrIndexLimit = new int[ATTR_CONTEXT_LIMIT];
1741     // Each index limit is either 32 or 63, depending on AO_HAVE_XXX_FLAGS_HI.
1742 
1743     // Which flag bits are taken over by attributes?
1744     protected long[] attrFlagMask = new long[ATTR_CONTEXT_LIMIT];
1745     // Which flag bits have been taken over explicitly?
1746     protected long[] attrDefSeen = new long[ATTR_CONTEXT_LIMIT];
1747 
1748     // What pseudo-attribute bits are there to watch for?
1749     protected int[] attrOverflowMask = new int[ATTR_CONTEXT_LIMIT];
1750     protected int attrClassFileVersionMask;
1751 
1752     // Mapping from Attribute.Layout to Band[] (layout element bands).
1753     protected Map<Attribute.Layout, Band[]> attrBandTable = new HashMap<>();
1754 
1755     // Well-known attributes:
1756     protected final Attribute.Layout attrCodeEmpty;
1757     protected final Attribute.Layout attrInnerClassesEmpty;
1758     protected final Attribute.Layout attrClassFileVersion;
1759     protected final Attribute.Layout attrConstantValue;
1760 
1761     // Mapping from Attribute.Layout to Integer (inverse of attrDefs)
1762     Map<Attribute.Layout, Integer> attrIndexTable = new HashMap<>();
1763 
1764     // Mapping from attribute index (<32 are flag bits) to attributes.
1765     protected List<List<Attribute.Layout>> attrDefs =
1766             new FixedList<>(ATTR_CONTEXT_LIMIT);
1767     {
1768         for (int i = 0; i < ATTR_CONTEXT_LIMIT; i++) {
1769             assert(attrIndexLimit[i] == 0);
1770             attrIndexLimit[i] = 32;  // just for the sake of predefs.
1771             attrDefs.set(i, new ArrayList<>(Collections.nCopies(
1772                     attrIndexLimit[i], (Attribute.Layout)null)));
1773 
1774         }
1775 
1776         // Add predefined attribute definitions:
1777         attrInnerClassesEmpty =
1778         predefineAttribute(CLASS_ATTR_InnerClasses, ATTR_CONTEXT_CLASS, null,
1779                            "InnerClasses", "");
1780         assert(attrInnerClassesEmpty == Package.attrInnerClassesEmpty);
1781         predefineAttribute(CLASS_ATTR_SourceFile, ATTR_CONTEXT_CLASS,
1782                            new Band[] { class_SourceFile_RUN },
1783                            "SourceFile", "RUNH");
1784         predefineAttribute(CLASS_ATTR_EnclosingMethod, ATTR_CONTEXT_CLASS,
1785                            new Band[] {
1786                                class_EnclosingMethod_RC,
1787                                class_EnclosingMethod_RDN
1788                            },
1789                            "EnclosingMethod", "RCHRDNH");
1790         attrClassFileVersion =
1791         predefineAttribute(CLASS_ATTR_ClassFile_version, ATTR_CONTEXT_CLASS,
1792                            new Band[] {
1793                                class_ClassFile_version_minor_H,
1794                                class_ClassFile_version_major_H
1795                            },
1796                            ".ClassFile.version", "HH");
1797         predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_Signature, ATTR_CONTEXT_CLASS,
1798                            new Band[] { class_Signature_RS },
1799                            "Signature", "RSH");
1800         predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_Deprecated, ATTR_CONTEXT_CLASS, null,
1801                            "Deprecated", "");
1802         //predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_Synthetic, ATTR_CONTEXT_CLASS, null,
1803         //                 "Synthetic", "");
1804         predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_OVERFLOW, ATTR_CONTEXT_CLASS, null,
1805                            ".Overflow", "");
1806         attrConstantValue =
1807         predefineAttribute(FIELD_ATTR_ConstantValue, ATTR_CONTEXT_FIELD,
1808                            new Band[] { field_ConstantValue_KQ },
1809                            "ConstantValue", "KQH");
1810         predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_Signature, ATTR_CONTEXT_FIELD,
1811                            new Band[] { field_Signature_RS },
1812                            "Signature", "RSH");
1813         predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_Deprecated, ATTR_CONTEXT_FIELD, null,
1814                            "Deprecated", "");
1815         //predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_Synthetic, ATTR_CONTEXT_FIELD, null,
1816         //                 "Synthetic", "");
1817         predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_OVERFLOW, ATTR_CONTEXT_FIELD, null,
1818                            ".Overflow", "");
1819         attrCodeEmpty =
1820         predefineAttribute(METHOD_ATTR_Code, ATTR_CONTEXT_METHOD, null,
1821                            "Code", "");
1822         predefineAttribute(METHOD_ATTR_Exceptions, ATTR_CONTEXT_METHOD,
1823                            new Band[] {
1824                                method_Exceptions_N,
1825                                method_Exceptions_RC
1826                            },
1827                            "Exceptions", "NH[RCH]");
1828         predefineAttribute(METHOD_ATTR_MethodParameters, ATTR_CONTEXT_METHOD,
1829                            new Band[]{
1830                                 method_MethodParameters_NB,
1831                                 method_MethodParameters_name_RUN,
1832                                 method_MethodParameters_flag_FH
1833                            },
1834                            "MethodParameters", "NB[RUNHFH]");
1835         assert(attrCodeEmpty == Package.attrCodeEmpty);
1836         predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_Signature, ATTR_CONTEXT_METHOD,
1837                            new Band[] { method_Signature_RS },
1838                            "Signature", "RSH");
1839         predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_Deprecated, ATTR_CONTEXT_METHOD, null,
1840                            "Deprecated", "");
1841         //predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_Synthetic, ATTR_CONTEXT_METHOD, null,
1842         //                 "Synthetic", "");
1843         predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_OVERFLOW, ATTR_CONTEXT_METHOD, null,
1844                            ".Overflow", "");
1845 
1846         for (int ctype = 0; ctype < ATTR_CONTEXT_LIMIT; ctype++) {
1847             MultiBand xxx_metadata_bands = metadataBands[ctype];
1848             if (ctype != ATTR_CONTEXT_CODE) {
1849                 // These arguments cause the bands to be built
1850                 // automatically for this complicated layout:
1851                 predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_RuntimeVisibleAnnotations,
1852                                    ATTR_CONTEXT_NAME[ctype]+"_RVA_",
1853                                    xxx_metadata_bands,
1854                                    Attribute.lookup(null, ctype,
1855                                                     "RuntimeVisibleAnnotations"));
1856                 predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations,
1857                                    ATTR_CONTEXT_NAME[ctype]+"_RIA_",
1858                                    xxx_metadata_bands,
1859                                    Attribute.lookup(null, ctype,
1860                                                     "RuntimeInvisibleAnnotations"));
1861 
1862                 if (ctype == ATTR_CONTEXT_METHOD) {
1863                     predefineAttribute(METHOD_ATTR_RuntimeVisibleParameterAnnotations,
1864                                        "method_RVPA_", xxx_metadata_bands,
1865                                        Attribute.lookup(null, ctype,
1866                                        "RuntimeVisibleParameterAnnotations"));
1867                     predefineAttribute(METHOD_ATTR_RuntimeInvisibleParameterAnnotations,
1868                                        "method_RIPA_", xxx_metadata_bands,
1869                                        Attribute.lookup(null, ctype,
1870                                        "RuntimeInvisibleParameterAnnotations"));
1871                     predefineAttribute(METHOD_ATTR_AnnotationDefault,
1872                                        "method_AD_", xxx_metadata_bands,
1873                                        Attribute.lookup(null, ctype,
1874                                        "AnnotationDefault"));
1875                 }
1876             }
1877             // All contexts have these
1878             MultiBand xxx_type_metadata_bands = typeMetadataBands[ctype];
1879             predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_RuntimeVisibleTypeAnnotations,
1880                     ATTR_CONTEXT_NAME[ctype] + "_RVTA_",
1881                     xxx_type_metadata_bands,
1882                     Attribute.lookup(null, ctype,
1883                     "RuntimeVisibleTypeAnnotations"));
1884             predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_RuntimeInvisibleTypeAnnotations,
1885                     ATTR_CONTEXT_NAME[ctype] + "_RITA_",
1886                     xxx_type_metadata_bands,
1887                     Attribute.lookup(null, ctype,
1888                     "RuntimeInvisibleTypeAnnotations"));
1889         }
1890 
1891 
1892         Attribute.Layout stackMapDef = Attribute.lookup(null, ATTR_CONTEXT_CODE, "StackMapTable").layout();
1893         predefineAttribute(CODE_ATTR_StackMapTable, ATTR_CONTEXT_CODE,
1894                            stackmap_bands.toArray(),
1895                            stackMapDef.name(), stackMapDef.layout());
1896 
1897         predefineAttribute(CODE_ATTR_LineNumberTable, ATTR_CONTEXT_CODE,
1898                            new Band[] {
1899                                code_LineNumberTable_N,
1900                                code_LineNumberTable_bci_P,
1901                                code_LineNumberTable_line
1902                            },
1903                            "LineNumberTable", "NH[PHH]");
1904         predefineAttribute(CODE_ATTR_LocalVariableTable, ATTR_CONTEXT_CODE,
1905                            new Band[] {
1906                                code_LocalVariableTable_N,
1907                                code_LocalVariableTable_bci_P,
1908                                code_LocalVariableTable_span_O,
1909                                code_LocalVariableTable_name_RU,
1910                                code_LocalVariableTable_type_RS,
1911                                code_LocalVariableTable_slot
1912                            },
1913                            "LocalVariableTable", "NH[PHOHRUHRSHH]");
1914         predefineAttribute(CODE_ATTR_LocalVariableTypeTable, ATTR_CONTEXT_CODE,
1915                            new Band[] {
1916                                code_LocalVariableTypeTable_N,
1917                                code_LocalVariableTypeTable_bci_P,
1918                                code_LocalVariableTypeTable_span_O,
1919                                code_LocalVariableTypeTable_name_RU,
1920                                code_LocalVariableTypeTable_type_RS,
1921                                code_LocalVariableTypeTable_slot
1922                            },
1923                            "LocalVariableTypeTable", "NH[PHOHRUHRSHH]");
1924         predefineAttribute(X_ATTR_OVERFLOW, ATTR_CONTEXT_CODE, null,
1925                            ".Overflow", "");
1926 
1927         // Clear the record of having seen these definitions,
1928         // so they may be redefined without error.
1929         for (int i = 0; i < ATTR_CONTEXT_LIMIT; i++) {
1930             attrDefSeen[i] = 0;
1931         }
1932 
1933         // Set up the special masks:
1934         for (int i = 0; i < ATTR_CONTEXT_LIMIT; i++) {
1935             attrOverflowMask[i] = (1<<X_ATTR_OVERFLOW);
1936             attrIndexLimit[i] = 0;  // will make a final decision later
1937         }
1938         attrClassFileVersionMask = (1<<CLASS_ATTR_ClassFile_version);
1939     }
1940 
1941     private void adjustToClassVersion() throws IOException {
1942         if (getHighestClassVersion().lessThan(JAVA6_MAX_CLASS_VERSION)) {
1943             if (verbose > 0)  Utils.log.fine("Legacy package version");
1944             // Revoke definition of pre-1.6 attribute type.
1945             undefineAttribute(CODE_ATTR_StackMapTable, ATTR_CONTEXT_CODE);
1946         }
1947     }
1948 
1949     protected void initAttrIndexLimit() {
1950         for (int i = 0; i < ATTR_CONTEXT_LIMIT; i++) {
1951             assert(attrIndexLimit[i] == 0);  // decide on it now!
1952             attrIndexLimit[i] = (haveFlagsHi(i)? 63: 32);
1953             List<Attribute.Layout> defList = attrDefs.get(i);
1954             assert(defList.size() == 32);  // all predef indexes are <32
1955             int addMore = attrIndexLimit[i] - defList.size();
1956             defList.addAll(Collections.nCopies(addMore, (Attribute.Layout) null));
1957         }
1958     }
1959 
1960     protected boolean haveFlagsHi(int ctype) {
1961         int mask = 1<<(LG_AO_HAVE_XXX_FLAGS_HI+ctype);
1962         switch (ctype) {
1963         case ATTR_CONTEXT_CLASS:
1964             assert(mask == AO_HAVE_CLASS_FLAGS_HI); break;
1965         case ATTR_CONTEXT_FIELD:
1966             assert(mask == AO_HAVE_FIELD_FLAGS_HI); break;
1967         case ATTR_CONTEXT_METHOD:
1968             assert(mask == AO_HAVE_METHOD_FLAGS_HI); break;
1969         case ATTR_CONTEXT_CODE:
1970             assert(mask == AO_HAVE_CODE_FLAGS_HI); break;
1971         default:
1972             assert(false);
1973         }
1974         return testBit(archiveOptions, mask);
1975     }
1976 
1977     protected List<Attribute.Layout> getPredefinedAttrs(int ctype) {
1978         assert(attrIndexLimit[ctype] != 0);
1979         List<Attribute.Layout> res = new ArrayList<>(attrIndexLimit[ctype]);
1980         // Remove nulls and non-predefs.
1981         for (int ai = 0; ai < attrIndexLimit[ctype]; ai++) {
1982             if (testBit(attrDefSeen[ctype], 1L<<ai))  continue;
1983             Attribute.Layout def = attrDefs.get(ctype).get(ai);
1984             if (def == null)  continue;  // unused flag bit
1985             assert(isPredefinedAttr(ctype, ai));
1986             res.add(def);
1987         }
1988         return res;
1989     }
1990 
1991     protected boolean isPredefinedAttr(int ctype, int ai) {
1992         assert(attrIndexLimit[ctype] != 0);
1993         // Overflow attrs are never predefined.
1994         if (ai >= attrIndexLimit[ctype])          return false;
1995         // If the bit is set, it was explicitly def'd.
1996         if (testBit(attrDefSeen[ctype], 1L<<ai))  return false;
1997         return (attrDefs.get(ctype).get(ai) != null);
1998     }
1999 
2000     protected void adjustSpecialAttrMasks() {
2001         // Clear special masks if new definitions have been seen for them.
2002         attrClassFileVersionMask &= ~ attrDefSeen[ATTR_CONTEXT_CLASS];
2003         // It is possible to clear the overflow mask (bit 16).
2004         for (int i = 0; i < ATTR_CONTEXT_LIMIT; i++) {
2005             attrOverflowMask[i] &= ~ attrDefSeen[i];
2006         }
2007     }
2008 
2009     protected Attribute makeClassFileVersionAttr(Package.Version ver) {
2010         return attrClassFileVersion.addContent(ver.asBytes());
2011     }
2012 
2013     protected Package.Version parseClassFileVersionAttr(Attribute attr) {
2014         assert(attr.layout() == attrClassFileVersion);
2015         assert(attr.size() == 4);
2016         return Package.Version.of(attr.bytes());
2017     }
2018 
2019     private boolean assertBandOKForElems(Band[] ab, Attribute.Layout.Element[] elems) {
2020         for (int i = 0; i < elems.length; i++) {
2021             assert(assertBandOKForElem(ab, elems[i]));
2022         }
2023         return true;
2024     }
2025     private boolean assertBandOKForElem(Band[] ab, Attribute.Layout.Element e) {
2026         Band b = null;
2027         if (e.bandIndex != Attribute.NO_BAND_INDEX)
2028             b = ab[e.bandIndex];
2029         Coding rc = UNSIGNED5;
2030         boolean wantIntBand = true;
2031         switch (e.kind) {
2032         case Attribute.EK_INT:
2033             if (e.flagTest(Attribute.EF_SIGN)) {
2034                 rc = SIGNED5;
2035             } else if (e.len == 1) {
2036                 rc = BYTE1;
2037             }
2038             break;
2039         case Attribute.EK_BCI:
2040             if (!e.flagTest(Attribute.EF_DELTA)) {
2041                 rc = BCI5;
2042             } else {
2043                 rc = BRANCH5;
2044             }
2045             break;
2046         case Attribute.EK_BCO:
2047             rc = BRANCH5;
2048             break;
2049         case Attribute.EK_FLAG:
2050             if (e.len == 1)  rc = BYTE1;
2051             break;
2052         case Attribute.EK_REPL:
2053             if (e.len == 1)  rc = BYTE1;
2054             assertBandOKForElems(ab, e.body);
2055             break;
2056         case Attribute.EK_UN:
2057             if (e.flagTest(Attribute.EF_SIGN)) {
2058                 rc = SIGNED5;
2059             } else if (e.len == 1) {
2060                 rc = BYTE1;
2061             }
2062             assertBandOKForElems(ab, e.body);
2063             break;
2064         case Attribute.EK_CASE:
2065             assert(b == null);
2066             assertBandOKForElems(ab, e.body);
2067             return true;  // no direct band
2068         case Attribute.EK_CALL:
2069             assert(b == null);
2070             return true;  // no direct band
2071         case Attribute.EK_CBLE:
2072             assert(b == null);
2073             assertBandOKForElems(ab, e.body);
2074             return true;  // no direct band
2075         case Attribute.EK_REF:
2076             wantIntBand = false;
2077             assert(b instanceof CPRefBand);
2078             assert(((CPRefBand)b).nullOK == e.flagTest(Attribute.EF_NULL));
2079             break;
2080         default: assert(false);
2081         }
2082         assert(b.regularCoding == rc)
2083             : (e+" // "+b);
2084         if (wantIntBand)
2085             assert(b instanceof IntBand);
2086         return true;
2087     }
2088 
2089     private
2090     Attribute.Layout predefineAttribute(int index, int ctype, Band[] ab,
2091                                         String name, String layout) {
2092         // Use Attribute.find to get uniquification of layouts.
2093         Attribute.Layout def = Attribute.find(ctype, name, layout).layout();
2094         //def.predef = true;
2095         if (index >= 0) {
2096             setAttributeLayoutIndex(def, index);
2097         }
2098         if (ab == null) {
2099             ab = new Band[0];
2100         }
2101         assert(attrBandTable.get(def) == null);  // no redef
2102         attrBandTable.put(def, ab);
2103         assert(def.bandCount == ab.length)
2104             : (def+" // "+Arrays.asList(ab));
2105         // Let's make sure the band types match:
2106         assert(assertBandOKForElems(ab, def.elems));
2107         return def;
2108     }
2109 
2110     // This version takes bandPrefix/addHere instead of prebuilt Band[] ab.
2111     private
2112     Attribute.Layout predefineAttribute(int index,
2113                                         String bandPrefix, MultiBand addHere,
2114                                         Attribute attr) {
2115         //Attribute.Layout def = Attribute.find(ctype, name, layout).layout();
2116         Attribute.Layout def = attr.layout();
2117         int ctype = def.ctype();
2118         return predefineAttribute(index, ctype,
2119                                   makeNewAttributeBands(bandPrefix, def, addHere),
2120                                   def.name(), def.layout());
2121     }
2122 
2123     private
2124     void undefineAttribute(int index, int ctype) {
2125         if (verbose > 1) {
2126             System.out.println("Removing predefined "+ATTR_CONTEXT_NAME[ctype]+
2127                                " attribute on bit "+index);
2128         }
2129         List<Attribute.Layout> defList = attrDefs.get(ctype);
2130         Attribute.Layout def = defList.get(index);
2131         assert(def != null);
2132         defList.set(index, null);
2133         attrIndexTable.put(def, null);
2134         // Clear the def bit.  (For predefs, it's already clear.)
2135         assert(index < 64);
2136         attrDefSeen[ctype]  &= ~(1L<<index);
2137         attrFlagMask[ctype] &= ~(1L<<index);
2138         Band[] ab = attrBandTable.get(def);
2139         for (int j = 0; j < ab.length; j++) {
2140             ab[j].doneWithUnusedBand();
2141         }
2142     }
2143 
2144     // Bands which contain non-predefined attrs.
2145     protected MultiBand[] attrBands = new MultiBand[ATTR_CONTEXT_LIMIT];
2146     {
2147         attrBands[ATTR_CONTEXT_CLASS] = class_attr_bands;
2148         attrBands[ATTR_CONTEXT_FIELD] = field_attr_bands;
2149         attrBands[ATTR_CONTEXT_METHOD] = method_attr_bands;
2150         attrBands[ATTR_CONTEXT_CODE] = code_attr_bands;
2151     }
2152 
2153     // Create bands for all non-predefined attrs.
2154     void makeNewAttributeBands() {
2155         // Retract special flag bit bindings, if they were taken over.
2156         adjustSpecialAttrMasks();
2157 
2158         for (int ctype = 0; ctype < ATTR_CONTEXT_LIMIT; ctype++) {
2159             String cname = ATTR_CONTEXT_NAME[ctype];
2160             MultiBand xxx_attr_bands = attrBands[ctype];
2161             long defSeen = attrDefSeen[ctype];
2162             // Note: attrDefSeen is always a subset of attrFlagMask.
2163             assert((defSeen & ~attrFlagMask[ctype]) == 0);
2164             for (int i = 0; i < attrDefs.get(ctype).size(); i++) {
2165                 Attribute.Layout def = attrDefs.get(ctype).get(i);
2166                 if (def == null)  continue;  // unused flag bit
2167                 if (def.bandCount == 0)  continue;  // empty attr
2168                 if (i < attrIndexLimit[ctype] && !testBit(defSeen, 1L<<i)) {
2169                     // There are already predefined bands here.
2170                     assert(attrBandTable.get(def) != null);
2171                     continue;
2172                 }
2173                 int base = xxx_attr_bands.size();
2174                 String pfx = cname+"_"+def.name()+"_";  // debug only
2175                 if (verbose > 1)
2176                     Utils.log.fine("Making new bands for "+def);
2177                 Band[] newAB  = makeNewAttributeBands(pfx, def,
2178                                                       xxx_attr_bands);
2179                 assert(newAB.length == def.bandCount);
2180                 Band[] prevAB = attrBandTable.put(def, newAB);
2181                 if (prevAB != null) {
2182                     // We won't be using these predefined bands.
2183                     for (int j = 0; j < prevAB.length; j++) {
2184                         prevAB[j].doneWithUnusedBand();
2185                     }
2186                 }
2187             }
2188         }
2189         //System.out.println(prevForAssertMap);
2190     }
2191     private
2192     Band[] makeNewAttributeBands(String pfx, Attribute.Layout def,
2193                                  MultiBand addHere) {
2194         int base = addHere.size();
2195         makeNewAttributeBands(pfx, def.elems, addHere);
2196         int nb = addHere.size() - base;
2197         Band[] newAB = new Band[nb];
2198         for (int i = 0; i < nb; i++) {
2199             newAB[i] = addHere.get(base+i);
2200         }
2201         return newAB;
2202     }
2203     // Recursive helper, operates on a "body" or other sequence of elems:
2204     private
2205     void makeNewAttributeBands(String pfx, Attribute.Layout.Element[] elems,
2206                                MultiBand ab) {
2207         for (int i = 0; i < elems.length; i++) {
2208             Attribute.Layout.Element e = elems[i];
2209             String name = pfx+ab.size()+"_"+e.layout;
2210             {
2211                 int tem;
2212                 if ((tem = name.indexOf('[')) > 0)
2213                     name = name.substring(0, tem);
2214                 if ((tem = name.indexOf('(')) > 0)
2215                     name = name.substring(0, tem);
2216                 if (name.endsWith("H"))
2217                     name = name.substring(0, name.length()-1);
2218             }
2219             Band nb;
2220             switch (e.kind) {
2221             case Attribute.EK_INT:
2222                 nb = newElemBand(e, name, ab);
2223                 break;
2224             case Attribute.EK_BCI:
2225                 if (!e.flagTest(Attribute.EF_DELTA)) {
2226                     // PH:  transmit R(bci), store bci
2227                     nb = ab.newIntBand(name, BCI5);
2228                 } else {
2229                     // POH:  transmit D(R(bci)), store bci
2230                     nb = ab.newIntBand(name, BRANCH5);
2231                 }
2232                 // Note:  No case for BYTE1 here.
2233                 break;
2234             case Attribute.EK_BCO:
2235                 // OH:  transmit D(R(bci)), store D(bci)
2236                 nb = ab.newIntBand(name, BRANCH5);
2237                 // Note:  No case for BYTE1 here.
2238                 break;
2239             case Attribute.EK_FLAG:
2240                 assert(!e.flagTest(Attribute.EF_SIGN));
2241                 nb = newElemBand(e, name, ab);
2242                 break;
2243             case Attribute.EK_REPL:
2244                 assert(!e.flagTest(Attribute.EF_SIGN));
2245                 nb = newElemBand(e, name, ab);
2246                 makeNewAttributeBands(pfx, e.body, ab);
2247                 break;
2248             case Attribute.EK_UN:
2249                 nb = newElemBand(e, name, ab);
2250                 makeNewAttributeBands(pfx, e.body, ab);
2251                 break;
2252             case Attribute.EK_CASE:
2253                 if (!e.flagTest(Attribute.EF_BACK)) {
2254                     // If it's not a duplicate body, make the bands.
2255                     makeNewAttributeBands(pfx, e.body, ab);
2256                 }
2257                 continue;  // no new band to make
2258             case Attribute.EK_REF:
2259                 byte    refKind = e.refKind;
2260                 boolean nullOK  = e.flagTest(Attribute.EF_NULL);
2261                 nb = ab.newCPRefBand(name, UNSIGNED5, refKind, nullOK);
2262                 // Note:  No case for BYTE1 here.
2263                 break;
2264             case Attribute.EK_CALL:
2265                 continue;  // no new band to make
2266             case Attribute.EK_CBLE:
2267                 makeNewAttributeBands(pfx, e.body, ab);
2268                 continue;  // no new band to make
2269             default: assert(false); continue;
2270             }
2271             if (verbose > 1) {
2272                 Utils.log.fine("New attribute band "+nb);
2273             }
2274         }
2275     }
2276     private
2277     Band newElemBand(Attribute.Layout.Element e, String name, MultiBand ab) {
2278         if (e.flagTest(Attribute.EF_SIGN)) {
2279             return ab.newIntBand(name, SIGNED5);
2280         } else if (e.len == 1) {
2281             return ab.newIntBand(name, BYTE1);  // Not ByteBand, please.
2282         } else {
2283             return ab.newIntBand(name, UNSIGNED5);
2284         }
2285     }
2286 
2287     protected int setAttributeLayoutIndex(Attribute.Layout def, int index) {
2288         int ctype = def.ctype;
2289         assert(ATTR_INDEX_OVERFLOW <= index && index < attrIndexLimit[ctype]);
2290         List<Attribute.Layout> defList = attrDefs.get(ctype);
2291         if (index == ATTR_INDEX_OVERFLOW) {
2292             // Overflow attribute.
2293             index = defList.size();
2294             defList.add(def);
2295             if (verbose > 0)
2296                 Utils.log.info("Adding new attribute at "+def +": "+index);
2297             attrIndexTable.put(def, index);
2298             return index;
2299         }
2300 
2301         // Detect redefinitions:
2302         if (testBit(attrDefSeen[ctype], 1L<<index)) {
2303             throw new RuntimeException("Multiple explicit definition at "+index+": "+def);
2304         }
2305         attrDefSeen[ctype] |= (1L<<index);
2306 
2307         // Adding a new fixed attribute.
2308         assert(0 <= index && index < attrIndexLimit[ctype]);
2309         if (verbose > (attrClassFileVersionMask == 0? 2:0))
2310             Utils.log.fine("Fixing new attribute at "+index
2311                                +": "+def
2312                                +(defList.get(index) == null? "":
2313                                  "; replacing "+defList.get(index)));
2314         attrFlagMask[ctype] |= (1L<<index);
2315         // Remove index binding of any previous fixed attr.
2316         attrIndexTable.put(defList.get(index), null);
2317         defList.set(index, def);
2318         attrIndexTable.put(def, index);
2319         return index;
2320     }
2321 
2322     // encodings found in the code_headers band
2323     private static final int[][] shortCodeLimits = {
2324         { 12, 12 }, // s<12, l<12, e=0 [1..144]
2325         {  8,  8 }, //  s<8,  l<8, e=1 [145..208]
2326         {  7,  7 }, //  s<7,  l<7, e=2 [209..256]
2327     };
2328     public final int shortCodeHeader_h_limit = shortCodeLimits.length;
2329 
2330     // return 0 if it won't encode, else a number in [1..255]
2331     static int shortCodeHeader(Code code) {
2332         int s = code.max_stack;
2333         int l0 = code.max_locals;
2334         int h = code.handler_class.length;
2335         if (h >= shortCodeLimits.length)  return LONG_CODE_HEADER;
2336         int siglen = code.getMethod().getArgumentSize();
2337         assert(l0 >= siglen);  // enough locals for signature!
2338         if (l0 < siglen)  return LONG_CODE_HEADER;
2339         int l1 = l0 - siglen;  // do not count locals required by the signature
2340         int lims = shortCodeLimits[h][0];
2341         int liml = shortCodeLimits[h][1];
2342         if (s >= lims || l1 >= liml)  return LONG_CODE_HEADER;
2343         int sc = shortCodeHeader_h_base(h);
2344         sc += s + lims*l1;
2345         if (sc > 255)  return LONG_CODE_HEADER;
2346         assert(shortCodeHeader_max_stack(sc) == s);
2347         assert(shortCodeHeader_max_na_locals(sc) == l1);
2348         assert(shortCodeHeader_handler_count(sc) == h);
2349         return sc;
2350     }
2351 
2352     static final int LONG_CODE_HEADER = 0;
2353     static int shortCodeHeader_handler_count(int sc) {
2354         assert(sc > 0 && sc <= 255);
2355         for (int h = 0; ; h++) {
2356             if (sc < shortCodeHeader_h_base(h+1))
2357                 return h;
2358         }
2359     }
2360     static int shortCodeHeader_max_stack(int sc) {
2361         int h = shortCodeHeader_handler_count(sc);
2362         int lims = shortCodeLimits[h][0];
2363         return (sc - shortCodeHeader_h_base(h)) % lims;
2364     }
2365     static int shortCodeHeader_max_na_locals(int sc) {
2366         int h = shortCodeHeader_handler_count(sc);
2367         int lims = shortCodeLimits[h][0];
2368         return (sc - shortCodeHeader_h_base(h)) / lims;
2369     }
2370 
2371     private static int shortCodeHeader_h_base(int h) {
2372         assert(h <= shortCodeLimits.length);
2373         int sc = 1;
2374         for (int h0 = 0; h0 < h; h0++) {
2375             int lims = shortCodeLimits[h0][0];
2376             int liml = shortCodeLimits[h0][1];
2377             sc += lims * liml;
2378         }
2379         return sc;
2380     }
2381 
2382     // utilities for accessing the bc_label band:
2383     protected void putLabel(IntBand bc_label, Code c, int pc, int targetPC) {
2384         bc_label.putInt(c.encodeBCI(targetPC) - c.encodeBCI(pc));
2385     }
2386     protected int getLabel(IntBand bc_label, Code c, int pc) {
2387         return c.decodeBCI(bc_label.getInt() + c.encodeBCI(pc));
2388     }
2389 
2390     protected CPRefBand getCPRefOpBand(int bc) {
2391         switch (Instruction.getCPRefOpTag(bc)) {
2392         case CONSTANT_Class:
2393             return bc_classref;
2394         case CONSTANT_Fieldref:
2395             return bc_fieldref;
2396         case CONSTANT_Methodref:
2397             return bc_methodref;
2398         case CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
2399             return bc_imethodref;
2400         case CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
2401             return bc_indyref;
2402         case CONSTANT_LoadableValue:
2403             switch (bc) {
2404             case _ildc: case _ildc_w:
2405                 return bc_intref;
2406             case _fldc: case _fldc_w:
2407                 return bc_floatref;
2408             case _lldc2_w:
2409                 return bc_longref;
2410             case _dldc2_w:
2411                 return bc_doubleref;
2412             case _sldc: case _sldc_w:
2413                 return bc_stringref;
2414             case _cldc: case _cldc_w:
2415                 return bc_classref;
2416             case _qldc: case _qldc_w:
2417                 return bc_loadablevalueref;
2418             }
2419             break;
2420         }
2421         assert(false);
2422         return null;
2423     }
2424 
2425     protected CPRefBand selfOpRefBand(int self_bc) {
2426         assert(Instruction.isSelfLinkerOp(self_bc));
2427         int idx = (self_bc - _self_linker_op);
2428         boolean isSuper = (idx >= _self_linker_super_flag);
2429         if (isSuper)  idx -= _self_linker_super_flag;
2430         boolean isAload = (idx >= _self_linker_aload_flag);
2431         if (isAload)  idx -= _self_linker_aload_flag;
2432         int origBC = _first_linker_op + idx;
2433         boolean isField = Instruction.isFieldOp(origBC);
2434         if (!isSuper)
2435             return isField? bc_thisfield: bc_thismethod;
2436         else
2437             return isField? bc_superfield: bc_supermethod;
2438     }
2439 
2440     ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
2441 
2442     static int nextSeqForDebug;
2443     static File dumpDir = null;
2444     static OutputStream getDumpStream(Band b, String ext) throws IOException {
2445         return getDumpStream(b.name, b.seqForDebug, ext, b);
2446     }
2447     static OutputStream getDumpStream(Index ix, String ext) throws IOException {
2448         if (ix.size() == 0)  return new ByteArrayOutputStream();
2449         int seq = ConstantPool.TAG_ORDER[ix.cpMap[0].tag];
2450         return getDumpStream(ix.debugName, seq, ext, ix);
2451     }
2452     static OutputStream getDumpStream(String name, int seq, String ext, Object b) throws IOException {
2453         if (dumpDir == null) {
2454             dumpDir = File.createTempFile("BD_", "", new File("."));
2455             dumpDir.delete();
2456             if (dumpDir.mkdir())
2457                 Utils.log.info("Dumping bands to "+dumpDir);
2458         }
2459         name = name.replace('(', ' ').replace(')', ' ');
2460         name = name.replace('/', ' ');
2461         name = name.replace('*', ' ');
2462         name = name.trim().replace(' ','_');
2463         name = ((10000+seq) + "_" + name).substring(1);
2464         File dumpFile = new File(dumpDir, name+ext);
2465         Utils.log.info("Dumping "+b+" to "+dumpFile);
2466         return new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(dumpFile));
2467     }
2468 
2469     // DEBUG ONLY:  Validate me at each length change.
2470     static boolean assertCanChangeLength(Band b) {
2471         switch (b.phase) {
2472         case COLLECT_PHASE:
2473         case READ_PHASE:
2474             return true;
2475         }
2476         return false;
2477     }
2478 
2479     // DEBUG ONLY:  Validate a phase.
2480     static boolean assertPhase(Band b, int phaseExpected) {
2481         if (b.phase() != phaseExpected) {
2482             Utils.log.warning("phase expected "+phaseExpected+" was "+b.phase()+" in "+b);
2483             return false;
2484         }
2485         return true;
2486     }
2487 
2488 
2489     // DEBUG ONLY:  Tells whether verbosity is turned on.
2490     static int verbose() {
2491         return Utils.currentPropMap().getInteger(Utils.DEBUG_VERBOSE);
2492     }
2493 
2494 
2495     // DEBUG ONLY:  Validate me at each phase change.
2496     static boolean assertPhaseChangeOK(Band b, int p0, int p1) {
2497         switch (p0*10+p1) {
2498         /// Writing phases:
2499         case NO_PHASE*10+COLLECT_PHASE:
2500             // Ready to collect data from the input classes.
2501             assert(!b.isReader());
2502             assert(b.capacity() >= 0);
2503             assert(b.length() == 0);
2504             return true;
2505         case COLLECT_PHASE*10+FROZEN_PHASE:
2506         case FROZEN_PHASE*10+FROZEN_PHASE:
2507             assert(b.length() == 0);
2508             return true;
2509         case COLLECT_PHASE*10+WRITE_PHASE:
2510         case FROZEN_PHASE*10+WRITE_PHASE:
2511             // Data is all collected.  Ready to write bytes to disk.
2512             return true;
2513         case WRITE_PHASE*10+DONE_PHASE:
2514             // Done writing to disk.  Ready to reset, in principle.
2515             return true;
2516 
2517         /// Reading phases:
2518         case NO_PHASE*10+EXPECT_PHASE:
2519             assert(b.isReader());
2520             assert(b.capacity() < 0);
2521             return true;
2522         case EXPECT_PHASE*10+READ_PHASE:
2523             // Ready to read values from disk.
2524             assert(Math.max(0,b.capacity()) >= b.valuesExpected());
2525             assert(b.length() <= 0);
2526             return true;
2527         case READ_PHASE*10+DISBURSE_PHASE:
2528             // Ready to disburse values.
2529             assert(b.valuesRemainingForDebug() == b.length());
2530             return true;
2531         case DISBURSE_PHASE*10+DONE_PHASE:
2532             // Done disbursing values.  Ready to reset, in principle.
2533             assert(assertDoneDisbursing(b));
2534             return true;
2535         }
2536         if (p0 == p1)
2537             Utils.log.warning("Already in phase "+p0);
2538         else
2539             Utils.log.warning("Unexpected phase "+p0+" -> "+p1);
2540         return false;
2541     }
2542 
2543     private static boolean assertDoneDisbursing(Band b) {
2544         if (b.phase != DISBURSE_PHASE) {
2545             Utils.log.warning("assertDoneDisbursing: still in phase "+b.phase+": "+b);
2546             if (verbose() <= 1)  return false;  // fail now
2547         }
2548         int left = b.valuesRemainingForDebug();
2549         if (left > 0) {
2550             Utils.log.warning("assertDoneDisbursing: "+left+" values left in "+b);
2551             if (verbose() <= 1)  return false;  // fail now
2552         }
2553         if (b instanceof MultiBand) {
2554             MultiBand mb = (MultiBand) b;
2555             for (int i = 0; i < mb.bandCount; i++) {
2556                 Band sub = mb.bands[i];
2557                 if (sub.phase != DONE_PHASE) {
2558                     Utils.log.warning("assertDoneDisbursing: sub-band still in phase "+sub.phase+": "+sub);
2559                     if (verbose() <= 1)  return false;  // fail now
2560                 }
2561             }
2562         }
2563         return true;
2564     }
2565 
2566     private static void printCDecl(Band b) {
2567         if (b instanceof MultiBand) {
2568             MultiBand mb = (MultiBand) b;
2569             for (int i = 0; i < mb.bandCount; i++) {
2570                 printCDecl(mb.bands[i]);
2571             }
2572             return;
2573         }
2574         String ixS = "NULL";
2575         if (b instanceof CPRefBand) {
2576             Index ix = ((CPRefBand)b).index;
2577             if (ix != null)  ixS = "INDEX("+ix.debugName+")";
2578         }
2579         Coding[] knownc = { BYTE1, CHAR3, BCI5, BRANCH5, UNSIGNED5,
2580                             UDELTA5, SIGNED5, DELTA5, MDELTA5 };
2581         String[] knowns = { "BYTE1", "CHAR3", "BCI5", "BRANCH5", "UNSIGNED5",
2582                             "UDELTA5", "SIGNED5", "DELTA5", "MDELTA5" };
2583         Coding rc = b.regularCoding;
2584         int rci = Arrays.asList(knownc).indexOf(rc);
2585         String cstr;
2586         if (rci >= 0)
2587             cstr = knowns[rci];
2588         else
2589             cstr = "CODING"+rc.keyString();
2590         System.out.println("  BAND_INIT(\""+b.name()+"\""
2591                            +", "+cstr+", "+ixS+"),");
2592     }
2593 
2594     private Map<Band, Band> prevForAssertMap;
2595 
2596     // DEBUG ONLY:  Record something about the band order.
2597     boolean notePrevForAssert(Band b, Band p) {
2598         if (prevForAssertMap == null)
2599             prevForAssertMap = new HashMap<>();
2600         prevForAssertMap.put(b, p);
2601         return true;
2602     }
2603 
2604     // DEBUG ONLY:  Validate next input band, ensure bands are read in sequence
2605     private boolean assertReadyToReadFrom(Band b, InputStream in) throws IOException {
2606         Band p = prevForAssertMap.get(b);
2607         // Any previous band must be done reading before this one starts.
2608         if (p != null && phaseCmp(p.phase(), DISBURSE_PHASE) < 0) {
2609             Utils.log.warning("Previous band not done reading.");
2610             Utils.log.info("    Previous band: "+p);
2611             Utils.log.info("        Next band: "+b);
2612             assert(verbose > 0);  // die unless verbose is true
2613         }
2614         String name = b.name;
2615         if (optDebugBands && !name.startsWith("(")) {
2616             assert(bandSequenceList != null);
2617             // Verify synchronization between reader & writer:
2618             String inName = bandSequenceList.removeFirst();
2619             // System.out.println("Reading: " + name);
2620             if (!inName.equals(name)) {
2621                 Utils.log.warning("Expected " + name + " but read: " + inName);
2622                 return false;
2623             }
2624             Utils.log.info("Read band in sequence: " + name);
2625         }
2626         return true;
2627     }
2628 
2629     // DEBUG ONLY:  Make sure a bunch of cprefs are correct.
2630     private boolean assertValidCPRefs(CPRefBand b) {
2631         if (b.index == null)  return true;
2632         int limit = b.index.size()+1;
2633         for (int i = 0; i < b.length(); i++) {
2634             int v = b.valueAtForDebug(i);
2635             if (v < 0 || v >= limit) {
2636                 Utils.log.warning("CP ref out of range "+
2637                                    "["+i+"] = "+v+" in "+b);
2638                 return false;
2639             }
2640         }
2641         return true;
2642     }
2643 
2644     /*
2645      * DEBUG ONLY:  write the bands to a list and read back the list in order,
2646      * this works perfectly if we use the java packer and unpacker, typically
2647      * this will work with --repack or if they are in the same jvm instance.
2648      */
2649     static LinkedList<String> bandSequenceList = null;
2650     private boolean assertReadyToWriteTo(Band b, OutputStream out) throws IOException {
2651         Band p = prevForAssertMap.get(b);
2652         // Any previous band must be done writing before this one starts.
2653         if (p != null && phaseCmp(p.phase(), DONE_PHASE) < 0) {
2654             Utils.log.warning("Previous band not done writing.");
2655             Utils.log.info("    Previous band: "+p);
2656             Utils.log.info("        Next band: "+b);
2657             assert(verbose > 0);  // die unless verbose is true
2658         }
2659         String name = b.name;
2660         if (optDebugBands && !name.startsWith("(")) {
2661             if (bandSequenceList == null)
2662                 bandSequenceList = new LinkedList<>();
2663             // Verify synchronization between reader & writer:
2664             bandSequenceList.add(name);
2665             // System.out.println("Writing: " + b);
2666         }
2667         return true;
2668     }
2669 
2670     protected static boolean testBit(int flags, int bitMask) {
2671         return (flags & bitMask) != 0;
2672     }
2673     protected static int setBit(int flags, int bitMask, boolean z) {
2674         return z ? (flags | bitMask) : (flags &~ bitMask);
2675     }
2676     protected static boolean testBit(long flags, long bitMask) {
2677         return (flags & bitMask) != 0;
2678     }
2679     protected static long setBit(long flags, long bitMask, boolean z) {
2680         return z ? (flags | bitMask) : (flags &~ bitMask);
2681     }
2682 
2683 
2684     static void printArrayTo(PrintStream ps, int[] values, int start, int end) {
2685         int len = end-start;
2686         for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
2687             if (i % 10 == 0)
2688                 ps.println();
2689             else
2690                 ps.print(" ");
2691             ps.print(values[start+i]);
2692         }
2693         ps.println();
2694     }
2695 
2696     static void printArrayTo(PrintStream ps, Entry[] cpMap, int start, int end) {
2697         printArrayTo(ps, cpMap, start, end, false);
2698     }
2699     static void printArrayTo(PrintStream ps, Entry[] cpMap, int start, int end, boolean showTags) {
2700         StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
2701         int len = end-start;
2702         for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
2703             Entry e = cpMap[start+i];
2704             ps.print(start+i); ps.print("=");
2705             if (showTags) { ps.print(e.tag); ps.print(":"); }
2706             String s = e.stringValue();
2707             buf.setLength(0);
2708             for (int j = 0; j < s.length(); j++) {
2709                 char ch = s.charAt(j);
2710                 if (!(ch < ' ' || ch > '~' || ch == '\\')) {
2711                     buf.append(ch);
2712                 } else if (ch == '\\') {
2713                     buf.append("\\\\");
2714                 } else if (ch == '\n') {
2715                     buf.append("\\n");
2716                 } else if (ch == '\t') {
2717                     buf.append("\\t");
2718                 } else if (ch == '\r') {
2719                     buf.append("\\r");
2720                 } else {
2721                     String str = "000"+Integer.toHexString(ch);
2722                     buf.append("\\u").append(str.substring(str.length()-4));
2723                 }
2724             }
2725             ps.println(buf);
2726         }
2727     }
2728 
2729 
2730     // Utilities for reallocating:
2731     protected static Object[] realloc(Object[] a, int len) {
2732         java.lang.Class<?> elt = a.getClass().getComponentType();
2733         Object[] na = (Object[]) java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance(elt, len);
2734         System.arraycopy(a, 0, na, 0, Math.min(a.length, len));
2735         return na;
2736     }
2737     protected static Object[] realloc(Object[] a) {
2738         return realloc(a, Math.max(10, a.length*2));
2739     }
2740 
2741     protected static int[] realloc(int[] a, int len) {
2742         if (len == 0)  return noInts;
2743         if (a == null)  return new int[len];
2744         int[] na = new int[len];
2745         System.arraycopy(a, 0, na, 0, Math.min(a.length, len));
2746         return na;
2747     }
2748     protected static int[] realloc(int[] a) {
2749         return realloc(a, Math.max(10, a.length*2));
2750     }
2751 
2752     protected static byte[] realloc(byte[] a, int len) {
2753         if (len == 0)  return noBytes;
2754         if (a == null)  return new byte[len];
2755         byte[] na = new byte[len];
2756         System.arraycopy(a, 0, na, 0, Math.min(a.length, len));
2757         return na;
2758     }
2759     protected static byte[] realloc(byte[] a) {
2760         return realloc(a, Math.max(10, a.length*2));
2761     }
2762 }