1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1998, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/classFileStream.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/stackMapTable.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/stackMapTableFormat.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/verifier.hpp"
  33 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  34 #include "interpreter/bytecodes.hpp"
  35 #include "interpreter/bytecodeStream.hpp"
  36 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  37 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  38 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  39 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  40 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.hpp"
  41 #include "prims/jvm.h"
  42 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.hpp"
  43 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  44 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.hpp"
  45 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  46 #include "runtime/orderAccess.inline.hpp"
  47 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
  48 #include "utilities/bytes.hpp"
  49 
  50 #define NOFAILOVER_MAJOR_VERSION                       51
  51 #define NONZERO_PADDING_BYTES_IN_SWITCH_MAJOR_VERSION  51
  52 #define STATIC_METHOD_IN_INTERFACE_MAJOR_VERSION       52
  53 
  54 // Access to external entry for VerifyClassCodes - old byte code verifier
  55 
  56 extern "C" {
  57   typedef jboolean (*verify_byte_codes_fn_t)(JNIEnv *, jclass, char *, jint);
  58   typedef jboolean (*verify_byte_codes_fn_new_t)(JNIEnv *, jclass, char *, jint, jint);
  59 }
  60 
  61 static void* volatile _verify_byte_codes_fn = NULL;
  62 
  63 static volatile jint _is_new_verify_byte_codes_fn = (jint) true;
  64 
  65 static void* verify_byte_codes_fn() {
  66   if (_verify_byte_codes_fn == NULL) {
  67     void *lib_handle = os::native_java_library();
  68     void *func = os::dll_lookup(lib_handle, "VerifyClassCodesForMajorVersion");
  69     OrderAccess::release_store_ptr(&_verify_byte_codes_fn, func);
  70     if (func == NULL) {
  71       OrderAccess::release_store(&_is_new_verify_byte_codes_fn, false);
  72       func = os::dll_lookup(lib_handle, "VerifyClassCodes");
  73       OrderAccess::release_store_ptr(&_verify_byte_codes_fn, func);
  74     }
  75   }
  76   return (void*)_verify_byte_codes_fn;
  77 }
  78 
  79 
  80 // Methods in Verifier
  81 
  82 bool Verifier::should_verify_for(oop class_loader, bool should_verify_class) {
  83   return (class_loader == NULL || !should_verify_class) ?
  84     BytecodeVerificationLocal : BytecodeVerificationRemote;
  85 }
  86 
  87 bool Verifier::relax_verify_for(oop loader) {
  88   bool trusted = java_lang_ClassLoader::is_trusted_loader(loader);
  89   bool need_verify =
  90     // verifyAll
  91     (BytecodeVerificationLocal && BytecodeVerificationRemote) ||
  92     // verifyRemote
  93     (!BytecodeVerificationLocal && BytecodeVerificationRemote && !trusted);
  94   return !need_verify;
  95 }
  96 
  97 bool Verifier::verify(instanceKlassHandle klass, Verifier::Mode mode, bool should_verify_class, TRAPS) {
  98   HandleMark hm;
  99   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 100 
 101   Symbol* exception_name = NULL;
 102   const size_t message_buffer_len = klass->name()->utf8_length() + 1024;
 103   char* message_buffer = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, message_buffer_len);
 104   char* exception_message = message_buffer;
 105 
 106   const char* klassName = klass->external_name();
 107   bool can_failover = FailOverToOldVerifier &&
 108       klass->major_version() < NOFAILOVER_MAJOR_VERSION;
 109 
 110   // If the class should be verified, first see if we can use the split
 111   // verifier.  If not, or if verification fails and FailOverToOldVerifier
 112   // is set, then call the inference verifier.
 113   if (is_eligible_for_verification(klass, should_verify_class)) {
 114     if (TraceClassInitialization) {
 115       tty->print_cr("Start class verification for: %s", klassName);
 116     }
 117     if (klass->major_version() >= STACKMAP_ATTRIBUTE_MAJOR_VERSION) {
 118       ClassVerifier split_verifier(klass, THREAD);
 119       split_verifier.verify_class(THREAD);
 120       exception_name = split_verifier.result();
 121       if (can_failover && !HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION &&
 122           (exception_name == vmSymbols::java_lang_VerifyError() ||
 123            exception_name == vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError())) {
 124         if (TraceClassInitialization || VerboseVerification) {
 125           tty->print_cr(
 126             "Fail over class verification to old verifier for: %s", klassName);
 127         }
 128         exception_name = inference_verify(
 129           klass, message_buffer, message_buffer_len, THREAD);
 130       }
 131       if (exception_name != NULL) {
 132         exception_message = split_verifier.exception_message();
 133       }
 134     } else {
 135       exception_name = inference_verify(
 136           klass, message_buffer, message_buffer_len, THREAD);
 137     }
 138 
 139     if (TraceClassInitialization || VerboseVerification) {
 140       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 141         tty->print("Verification for %s has", klassName);
 142         tty->print_cr(" exception pending %s ",
 143           InstanceKlass::cast(PENDING_EXCEPTION->klass())->external_name());
 144       } else if (exception_name != NULL) {
 145         tty->print_cr("Verification for %s failed", klassName);
 146       }
 147       tty->print_cr("End class verification for: %s", klassName);
 148     }
 149   }
 150 
 151   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 152     return false; // use the existing exception
 153   } else if (exception_name == NULL) {
 154     return true; // verifcation succeeded
 155   } else { // VerifyError or ClassFormatError to be created and thrown
 156     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 157     instanceKlassHandle kls =
 158       SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(exception_name, true, CHECK_false);
 159     while (!kls.is_null()) {
 160       if (kls == klass) {
 161         // If the class being verified is the exception we're creating
 162         // or one of it's superclasses, we're in trouble and are going
 163         // to infinitely recurse when we try to initialize the exception.
 164         // So bail out here by throwing the preallocated VM error.
 165         THROW_OOP_(Universe::virtual_machine_error_instance(), false);
 166       }
 167       kls = kls->super();
 168     }
 169     message_buffer[message_buffer_len - 1] = '\0'; // just to be sure
 170     THROW_MSG_(exception_name, exception_message, false);
 171   }
 172 }
 173 
 174 bool Verifier::is_eligible_for_verification(instanceKlassHandle klass, bool should_verify_class) {
 175   Symbol* name = klass->name();
 176   Klass* refl_magic_klass = SystemDictionary::reflect_MagicAccessorImpl_klass();
 177 
 178   bool is_reflect = refl_magic_klass != NULL && klass->is_subtype_of(refl_magic_klass);
 179 
 180   return (should_verify_for(klass->class_loader(), should_verify_class) &&
 181     // return if the class is a bootstrapping class
 182     // or defineClass specified not to verify by default (flags override passed arg)
 183     // We need to skip the following four for bootstraping
 184     name != vmSymbols::java_lang_Object() &&
 185     name != vmSymbols::java_lang_Class() &&
 186     name != vmSymbols::java_lang_String() &&
 187     name != vmSymbols::java_lang_Throwable() &&
 188 
 189     // Can not verify the bytecodes for shared classes because they have
 190     // already been rewritten to contain constant pool cache indices,
 191     // which the verifier can't understand.
 192     // Shared classes shouldn't have stackmaps either.
 193     !klass()->is_shared() &&
 194 
 195     // As of the fix for 4486457 we disable verification for all of the
 196     // dynamically-generated bytecodes associated with the 1.4
 197     // reflection implementation, not just those associated with
 198     // sun/reflect/SerializationConstructorAccessor.
 199     // NOTE: this is called too early in the bootstrapping process to be
 200     // guarded by Universe::is_gte_jdk14x_version().
 201     // Also for lambda generated code, gte jdk8
 202     (!is_reflect));
 203 }
 204 
 205 Symbol* Verifier::inference_verify(
 206     instanceKlassHandle klass, char* message, size_t message_len, TRAPS) {
 207   JavaThread* thread = (JavaThread*)THREAD;
 208   JNIEnv *env = thread->jni_environment();
 209 
 210   void* verify_func = verify_byte_codes_fn();
 211 
 212   if (verify_func == NULL) {
 213     jio_snprintf(message, message_len, "Could not link verifier");
 214     return vmSymbols::java_lang_VerifyError();
 215   }
 216 
 217   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 218   if (VerboseVerification) {
 219     tty->print_cr("Verifying class %s with old format", klass->external_name());
 220   }
 221 
 222   jclass cls = (jclass) JNIHandles::make_local(env, klass->java_mirror());
 223   jint result;
 224 
 225   {
 226     HandleMark hm(thread);
 227     ThreadToNativeFromVM ttn(thread);
 228     // ThreadToNativeFromVM takes care of changing thread_state, so safepoint
 229     // code knows that we have left the VM
 230 
 231     if (_is_new_verify_byte_codes_fn) {
 232       verify_byte_codes_fn_new_t func =
 233         CAST_TO_FN_PTR(verify_byte_codes_fn_new_t, verify_func);
 234       result = (*func)(env, cls, message, (int)message_len,
 235           klass->major_version());
 236     } else {
 237       verify_byte_codes_fn_t func =
 238         CAST_TO_FN_PTR(verify_byte_codes_fn_t, verify_func);
 239       result = (*func)(env, cls, message, (int)message_len);
 240     }
 241   }
 242 
 243   JNIHandles::destroy_local(cls);
 244 
 245   // These numbers are chosen so that VerifyClassCodes interface doesn't need
 246   // to be changed (still return jboolean (unsigned char)), and result is
 247   // 1 when verification is passed.
 248   if (result == 0) {
 249     return vmSymbols::java_lang_VerifyError();
 250   } else if (result == 1) {
 251     return NULL; // verified.
 252   } else if (result == 2) {
 253     THROW_MSG_(vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError(), message, NULL);
 254   } else if (result == 3) {
 255     return vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError();
 256   } else {
 257     ShouldNotReachHere();
 258     return NULL;
 259   }
 260 }
 261 
 262 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::null() {
 263   return TypeOrigin();
 264 }
 265 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::local(u2 index, StackMapFrame* frame) {
 266   assert(frame != NULL, "Must have a frame");
 267   return TypeOrigin(CF_LOCALS, index, StackMapFrame::copy(frame),
 268      frame->local_at(index));
 269 }
 270 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::stack(u2 index, StackMapFrame* frame) {
 271   assert(frame != NULL, "Must have a frame");
 272   return TypeOrigin(CF_STACK, index, StackMapFrame::copy(frame),
 273       frame->stack_at(index));
 274 }
 275 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::sm_local(u2 index, StackMapFrame* frame) {
 276   assert(frame != NULL, "Must have a frame");
 277   return TypeOrigin(SM_LOCALS, index, StackMapFrame::copy(frame),
 278       frame->local_at(index));
 279 }
 280 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::sm_stack(u2 index, StackMapFrame* frame) {
 281   assert(frame != NULL, "Must have a frame");
 282   return TypeOrigin(SM_STACK, index, StackMapFrame::copy(frame),
 283       frame->stack_at(index));
 284 }
 285 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::bad_index(u2 index) {
 286   return TypeOrigin(BAD_INDEX, index, NULL, VerificationType::bogus_type());
 287 }
 288 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::cp(u2 index, VerificationType vt) {
 289   return TypeOrigin(CONST_POOL, index, NULL, vt);
 290 }
 291 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::signature(VerificationType vt) {
 292   return TypeOrigin(SIG, 0, NULL, vt);
 293 }
 294 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::implicit(VerificationType t) {
 295   return TypeOrigin(IMPLICIT, 0, NULL, t);
 296 }
 297 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::frame(StackMapFrame* frame) {
 298   return TypeOrigin(FRAME_ONLY, 0, StackMapFrame::copy(frame),
 299                     VerificationType::bogus_type());
 300 }
 301 
 302 void TypeOrigin::reset_frame() {
 303   if (_frame != NULL) {
 304     _frame->restore();
 305   }
 306 }
 307 
 308 void TypeOrigin::details(outputStream* ss) const {
 309   _type.print_on(ss);
 310   switch (_origin) {
 311     case CF_LOCALS:
 312       ss->print(" (current frame, locals[%d])", _index);
 313       break;
 314     case CF_STACK:
 315       ss->print(" (current frame, stack[%d])", _index);
 316       break;
 317     case SM_LOCALS:
 318       ss->print(" (stack map, locals[%d])", _index);
 319       break;
 320     case SM_STACK:
 321       ss->print(" (stack map, stack[%d])", _index);
 322       break;
 323     case CONST_POOL:
 324       ss->print(" (constant pool %d)", _index);
 325       break;
 326     case SIG:
 327       ss->print(" (from method signature)");
 328       break;
 329     case IMPLICIT:
 330     case FRAME_ONLY:
 331     case NONE:
 332     default:
 333       ;
 334   }
 335 }
 336 
 337 #ifdef ASSERT
 338 void TypeOrigin::print_on(outputStream* str) const {
 339   str->print("{%d,%d,%p:", _origin, _index, _frame);
 340   if (_frame != NULL) {
 341     _frame->print_on(str);
 342   } else {
 343     str->print("null");
 344   }
 345   str->print(",");
 346   _type.print_on(str);
 347   str->print("}");
 348 }
 349 #endif
 350 
 351 void ErrorContext::details(outputStream* ss, const Method* method) const {
 352   if (is_valid()) {
 353     ss->cr();
 354     ss->print_cr("Exception Details:");
 355     location_details(ss, method);
 356     reason_details(ss);
 357     frame_details(ss);
 358     bytecode_details(ss, method);
 359     handler_details(ss, method);
 360     stackmap_details(ss, method);
 361   }
 362 }
 363 
 364 void ErrorContext::reason_details(outputStream* ss) const {
 365   streamIndentor si(ss);
 366   ss->indent().print_cr("Reason:");
 367   streamIndentor si2(ss);
 368   ss->indent().print("%s", "");
 369   switch (_fault) {
 370     case INVALID_BYTECODE:
 371       ss->print("Error exists in the bytecode");
 372       break;
 373     case WRONG_TYPE:
 374       if (_expected.is_valid()) {
 375         ss->print("Type ");
 376         _type.details(ss);
 377         ss->print(" is not assignable to ");
 378         _expected.details(ss);
 379       } else {
 380         ss->print("Invalid type: ");
 381         _type.details(ss);
 382       }
 383       break;
 384     case FLAGS_MISMATCH:
 385       if (_expected.is_valid()) {
 386         ss->print("Current frame's flags are not assignable "
 387                   "to stack map frame's.");
 388       } else {
 389         ss->print("Current frame's flags are invalid in this context.");
 390       }
 391       break;
 392     case BAD_CP_INDEX:
 393       ss->print("Constant pool index %d is invalid", _type.index());
 394       break;
 395     case BAD_LOCAL_INDEX:
 396       ss->print("Local index %d is invalid", _type.index());
 397       break;
 398     case LOCALS_SIZE_MISMATCH:
 399       ss->print("Current frame's local size doesn't match stackmap.");
 400       break;
 401     case STACK_SIZE_MISMATCH:
 402       ss->print("Current frame's stack size doesn't match stackmap.");
 403       break;
 404     case STACK_OVERFLOW:
 405       ss->print("Exceeded max stack size.");
 406       break;
 407     case STACK_UNDERFLOW:
 408       ss->print("Attempt to pop empty stack.");
 409       break;
 410     case MISSING_STACKMAP:
 411       ss->print("Expected stackmap frame at this location.");
 412       break;
 413     case BAD_STACKMAP:
 414       ss->print("Invalid stackmap specification.");
 415       break;
 416     case UNKNOWN:
 417     default:
 418       ShouldNotReachHere();
 419       ss->print_cr("Unknown");
 420   }
 421   ss->cr();
 422 }
 423 
 424 void ErrorContext::location_details(outputStream* ss, const Method* method) const {
 425   if (_bci != -1 && method != NULL) {
 426     streamIndentor si(ss);
 427     const char* bytecode_name = "<invalid>";
 428     if (method->validate_bci(_bci) != -1) {
 429       Bytecodes::Code code = Bytecodes::code_or_bp_at(method->bcp_from(_bci));
 430       if (Bytecodes::is_defined(code)) {
 431           bytecode_name = Bytecodes::name(code);
 432       } else {
 433           bytecode_name = "<illegal>";
 434       }
 435     }
 436     InstanceKlass* ik = method->method_holder();
 437     ss->indent().print_cr("Location:");
 438     streamIndentor si2(ss);
 439     ss->indent().print_cr("%s.%s%s @%d: %s",
 440         ik->name()->as_C_string(), method->name()->as_C_string(),
 441         method->signature()->as_C_string(), _bci, bytecode_name);
 442   }
 443 }
 444 
 445 void ErrorContext::frame_details(outputStream* ss) const {
 446   streamIndentor si(ss);
 447   if (_type.is_valid() && _type.frame() != NULL) {
 448     ss->indent().print_cr("Current Frame:");
 449     streamIndentor si2(ss);
 450     _type.frame()->print_on(ss);
 451   }
 452   if (_expected.is_valid() && _expected.frame() != NULL) {
 453     ss->indent().print_cr("Stackmap Frame:");
 454     streamIndentor si2(ss);
 455     _expected.frame()->print_on(ss);
 456   }
 457 }
 458 
 459 void ErrorContext::bytecode_details(outputStream* ss, const Method* method) const {
 460   if (method != NULL) {
 461     streamIndentor si(ss);
 462     ss->indent().print_cr("Bytecode:");
 463     streamIndentor si2(ss);
 464     ss->print_data(method->code_base(), method->code_size(), false);
 465   }
 466 }
 467 
 468 void ErrorContext::handler_details(outputStream* ss, const Method* method) const {
 469   if (method != NULL) {
 470     streamIndentor si(ss);
 471     ExceptionTable table(method);
 472     if (table.length() > 0) {
 473       ss->indent().print_cr("Exception Handler Table:");
 474       streamIndentor si2(ss);
 475       for (int i = 0; i < table.length(); ++i) {
 476         ss->indent().print_cr("bci [%d, %d] => handler: %d", table.start_pc(i),
 477             table.end_pc(i), table.handler_pc(i));
 478       }
 479     }
 480   }
 481 }
 482 
 483 void ErrorContext::stackmap_details(outputStream* ss, const Method* method) const {
 484   if (method != NULL && method->has_stackmap_table()) {
 485     streamIndentor si(ss);
 486     ss->indent().print_cr("Stackmap Table:");
 487     Array<u1>* data = method->stackmap_data();
 488     stack_map_table* sm_table =
 489         stack_map_table::at((address)data->adr_at(0));
 490     stack_map_frame* sm_frame = sm_table->entries();
 491     streamIndentor si2(ss);
 492     int current_offset = -1;
 493     for (u2 i = 0; i < sm_table->number_of_entries(); ++i) {
 494       ss->indent();
 495       sm_frame->print_on(ss, current_offset);
 496       ss->cr();
 497       current_offset += sm_frame->offset_delta();
 498       sm_frame = sm_frame->next();
 499     }
 500   }
 501 }
 502 
 503 // Methods in ClassVerifier
 504 
 505 ClassVerifier::ClassVerifier(
 506     instanceKlassHandle klass, TRAPS)
 507     : _thread(THREAD), _exception_type(NULL), _message(NULL), _klass(klass) {
 508   _this_type = VerificationType::reference_type(klass->name());
 509   // Create list to hold symbols in reference area.
 510   _symbols = new GrowableArray<Symbol*>(100, 0, NULL);
 511 }
 512 
 513 ClassVerifier::~ClassVerifier() {
 514   // Decrement the reference count for any symbols created.
 515   for (int i = 0; i < _symbols->length(); i++) {
 516     Symbol* s = _symbols->at(i);
 517     s->decrement_refcount();
 518   }
 519 }
 520 
 521 VerificationType ClassVerifier::object_type() const {
 522   return VerificationType::reference_type(vmSymbols::java_lang_Object());
 523 }
 524 
 525 TypeOrigin ClassVerifier::ref_ctx(const char* sig, TRAPS) {
 526   VerificationType vt = VerificationType::reference_type(
 527       create_temporary_symbol(sig, (int)strlen(sig), THREAD));
 528   return TypeOrigin::implicit(vt);
 529 }
 530 
 531 void ClassVerifier::verify_class(TRAPS) {
 532   if (VerboseVerification) {
 533     tty->print_cr("Verifying class %s with new format",
 534       _klass->external_name());
 535   }
 536 
 537   Array<Method*>* methods = _klass->methods();
 538   int num_methods = methods->length();
 539 
 540   for (int index = 0; index < num_methods; index++) {
 541     // Check for recursive re-verification before each method.
 542     if (was_recursively_verified())  return;
 543 
 544     Method* m = methods->at(index);
 545     if (m->is_native() || m->is_abstract() || m->is_overpass()) {
 546       // If m is native or abstract, skip it.  It is checked in class file
 547       // parser that methods do not override a final method.  Overpass methods
 548       // are trusted since the VM generates them.
 549       continue;
 550     }
 551     verify_method(methodHandle(THREAD, m), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 552   }
 553 
 554   if (VerboseVerification || TraceClassInitialization) {
 555     if (was_recursively_verified())
 556       tty->print_cr("Recursive verification detected for: %s",
 557           _klass->external_name());
 558   }
 559 }
 560 
 561 void ClassVerifier::verify_method(methodHandle m, TRAPS) {
 562   HandleMark hm(THREAD);
 563   _method = m;   // initialize _method
 564   if (VerboseVerification) {
 565     tty->print_cr("Verifying method %s", m->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
 566   }
 567 
 568 // For clang, the only good constant format string is a literal constant format string.
 569 #define bad_type_msg "Bad type on operand stack in %s"
 570 
 571   int32_t max_stack = m->verifier_max_stack();
 572   int32_t max_locals = m->max_locals();
 573   constantPoolHandle cp(THREAD, m->constants());
 574 
 575   if (!SignatureVerifier::is_valid_method_signature(m->signature())) {
 576     class_format_error("Invalid method signature");
 577     return;
 578   }
 579 
 580   // Initial stack map frame: offset is 0, stack is initially empty.
 581   StackMapFrame current_frame(max_locals, max_stack, this);
 582   // Set initial locals
 583   VerificationType return_type = current_frame.set_locals_from_arg(
 584     m, current_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 585 
 586   int32_t stackmap_index = 0; // index to the stackmap array
 587 
 588   u4 code_length = m->code_size();
 589 
 590   // Scan the bytecode and map each instruction's start offset to a number.
 591   char* code_data = generate_code_data(m, code_length, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 592 
 593   int ex_min = code_length;
 594   int ex_max = -1;
 595   // Look through each item on the exception table. Each of the fields must refer
 596   // to a legal instruction.
 597   verify_exception_handler_table(
 598     code_length, code_data, ex_min, ex_max, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 599 
 600   // Look through each entry on the local variable table and make sure
 601   // its range of code array offsets is valid. (4169817)
 602   if (m->has_localvariable_table()) {
 603     verify_local_variable_table(code_length, code_data, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 604   }
 605 
 606   Array<u1>* stackmap_data = m->stackmap_data();
 607   StackMapStream stream(stackmap_data);
 608   StackMapReader reader(this, &stream, code_data, code_length, THREAD);
 609   StackMapTable stackmap_table(&reader, &current_frame, max_locals, max_stack,
 610                                code_data, code_length, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 611 
 612   if (VerboseVerification) {
 613     stackmap_table.print_on(tty);
 614   }
 615 
 616   RawBytecodeStream bcs(m);
 617 
 618   // Scan the byte code linearly from the start to the end
 619   bool no_control_flow = false; // Set to true when there is no direct control
 620                                 // flow from current instruction to the next
 621                                 // instruction in sequence
 622 
 623   set_furthest_jump(0);
 624 
 625   Bytecodes::Code opcode;
 626   while (!bcs.is_last_bytecode()) {
 627     // Check for recursive re-verification before each bytecode.
 628     if (was_recursively_verified())  return;
 629 
 630     opcode = bcs.raw_next();
 631     u2 bci = bcs.bci();
 632 
 633     // Set current frame's offset to bci
 634     current_frame.set_offset(bci);
 635     current_frame.set_mark();
 636 
 637     // Make sure every offset in stackmap table point to the beginning to
 638     // an instruction. Match current_frame to stackmap_table entry with
 639     // the same offset if exists.
 640     stackmap_index = verify_stackmap_table(
 641       stackmap_index, bci, &current_frame, &stackmap_table,
 642       no_control_flow, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 643 
 644 
 645     bool this_uninit = false;  // Set to true when invokespecial <init> initialized 'this'
 646 
 647     // Merge with the next instruction
 648     {
 649       u2 index;
 650       int target;
 651       VerificationType type, type2;
 652       VerificationType atype;
 653 
 654 #ifndef PRODUCT
 655       if (VerboseVerification) {
 656         current_frame.print_on(tty);
 657         tty->print_cr("offset = %d,  opcode = %s", bci, Bytecodes::name(opcode));
 658       }
 659 #endif
 660 
 661       // Make sure wide instruction is in correct format
 662       if (bcs.is_wide()) {
 663         if (opcode != Bytecodes::_iinc   && opcode != Bytecodes::_iload  &&
 664             opcode != Bytecodes::_aload  && opcode != Bytecodes::_lload  &&
 665             opcode != Bytecodes::_istore && opcode != Bytecodes::_astore &&
 666             opcode != Bytecodes::_lstore && opcode != Bytecodes::_fload  &&
 667             opcode != Bytecodes::_dload  && opcode != Bytecodes::_fstore &&
 668             opcode != Bytecodes::_dstore) {
 669           /* Unreachable?  RawBytecodeStream's raw_next() returns 'illegal'
 670            * if we encounter a wide instruction that modifies an invalid
 671            * opcode (not one of the ones listed above) */
 672           verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci), "Bad wide instruction");
 673           return;
 674         }
 675       }
 676 
 677       switch (opcode) {
 678         case Bytecodes::_nop :
 679           no_control_flow = false; break;
 680         case Bytecodes::_aconst_null :
 681           current_frame.push_stack(
 682             VerificationType::null_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 683           no_control_flow = false; break;
 684         case Bytecodes::_iconst_m1 :
 685         case Bytecodes::_iconst_0 :
 686         case Bytecodes::_iconst_1 :
 687         case Bytecodes::_iconst_2 :
 688         case Bytecodes::_iconst_3 :
 689         case Bytecodes::_iconst_4 :
 690         case Bytecodes::_iconst_5 :
 691           current_frame.push_stack(
 692             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 693           no_control_flow = false; break;
 694         case Bytecodes::_lconst_0 :
 695         case Bytecodes::_lconst_1 :
 696           current_frame.push_stack_2(
 697             VerificationType::long_type(),
 698             VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 699           no_control_flow = false; break;
 700         case Bytecodes::_fconst_0 :
 701         case Bytecodes::_fconst_1 :
 702         case Bytecodes::_fconst_2 :
 703           current_frame.push_stack(
 704             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 705           no_control_flow = false; break;
 706         case Bytecodes::_dconst_0 :
 707         case Bytecodes::_dconst_1 :
 708           current_frame.push_stack_2(
 709             VerificationType::double_type(),
 710             VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 711           no_control_flow = false; break;
 712         case Bytecodes::_sipush :
 713         case Bytecodes::_bipush :
 714           current_frame.push_stack(
 715             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 716           no_control_flow = false; break;
 717         case Bytecodes::_ldc :
 718           verify_ldc(
 719             opcode, bcs.get_index_u1(), &current_frame,
 720             cp, bci, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 721           no_control_flow = false; break;
 722         case Bytecodes::_ldc_w :
 723         case Bytecodes::_ldc2_w :
 724           verify_ldc(
 725             opcode, bcs.get_index_u2(), &current_frame,
 726             cp, bci, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 727           no_control_flow = false; break;
 728         case Bytecodes::_iload :
 729           verify_iload(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 730           no_control_flow = false; break;
 731         case Bytecodes::_iload_0 :
 732         case Bytecodes::_iload_1 :
 733         case Bytecodes::_iload_2 :
 734         case Bytecodes::_iload_3 :
 735           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_iload_0;
 736           verify_iload(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 737           no_control_flow = false; break;
 738         case Bytecodes::_lload :
 739           verify_lload(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 740           no_control_flow = false; break;
 741         case Bytecodes::_lload_0 :
 742         case Bytecodes::_lload_1 :
 743         case Bytecodes::_lload_2 :
 744         case Bytecodes::_lload_3 :
 745           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_lload_0;
 746           verify_lload(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 747           no_control_flow = false; break;
 748         case Bytecodes::_fload :
 749           verify_fload(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 750           no_control_flow = false; break;
 751         case Bytecodes::_fload_0 :
 752         case Bytecodes::_fload_1 :
 753         case Bytecodes::_fload_2 :
 754         case Bytecodes::_fload_3 :
 755           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_fload_0;
 756           verify_fload(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 757           no_control_flow = false; break;
 758         case Bytecodes::_dload :
 759           verify_dload(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 760           no_control_flow = false; break;
 761         case Bytecodes::_dload_0 :
 762         case Bytecodes::_dload_1 :
 763         case Bytecodes::_dload_2 :
 764         case Bytecodes::_dload_3 :
 765           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_dload_0;
 766           verify_dload(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 767           no_control_flow = false; break;
 768         case Bytecodes::_aload :
 769           verify_aload(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 770           no_control_flow = false; break;
 771         case Bytecodes::_aload_0 :
 772         case Bytecodes::_aload_1 :
 773         case Bytecodes::_aload_2 :
 774         case Bytecodes::_aload_3 :
 775           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_aload_0;
 776           verify_aload(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 777           no_control_flow = false; break;
 778         case Bytecodes::_iaload :
 779           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 780             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 781           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 782             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 783           if (!atype.is_int_array()) {
 784             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
 785                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[I", THREAD)),
 786                 bad_type_msg, "iaload");
 787             return;
 788           }
 789           current_frame.push_stack(
 790             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 791           no_control_flow = false; break;
 792         case Bytecodes::_baload :
 793           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 794             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 795           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 796             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 797           if (!atype.is_bool_array() && !atype.is_byte_array()) {
 798             verify_error(
 799                 ErrorContext::bad_type(bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()),
 800                 bad_type_msg, "baload");
 801             return;
 802           }
 803           current_frame.push_stack(
 804             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 805           no_control_flow = false; break;
 806         case Bytecodes::_caload :
 807           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 808             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 809           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 810             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 811           if (!atype.is_char_array()) {
 812             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
 813                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[C", THREAD)),
 814                 bad_type_msg, "caload");
 815             return;
 816           }
 817           current_frame.push_stack(
 818             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 819           no_control_flow = false; break;
 820         case Bytecodes::_saload :
 821           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 822             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 823           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 824             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 825           if (!atype.is_short_array()) {
 826             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
 827                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[S", THREAD)),
 828                 bad_type_msg, "saload");
 829             return;
 830           }
 831           current_frame.push_stack(
 832             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 833           no_control_flow = false; break;
 834         case Bytecodes::_laload :
 835           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 836             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 837           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 838             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 839           if (!atype.is_long_array()) {
 840             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
 841                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[J", THREAD)),
 842                 bad_type_msg, "laload");
 843             return;
 844           }
 845           current_frame.push_stack_2(
 846             VerificationType::long_type(),
 847             VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 848           no_control_flow = false; break;
 849         case Bytecodes::_faload :
 850           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 851             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 852           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 853             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 854           if (!atype.is_float_array()) {
 855             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
 856                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[F", THREAD)),
 857                 bad_type_msg, "faload");
 858             return;
 859           }
 860           current_frame.push_stack(
 861             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 862           no_control_flow = false; break;
 863         case Bytecodes::_daload :
 864           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 865             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 866           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 867             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 868           if (!atype.is_double_array()) {
 869             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
 870                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[D", THREAD)),
 871                 bad_type_msg, "daload");
 872             return;
 873           }
 874           current_frame.push_stack_2(
 875             VerificationType::double_type(),
 876             VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 877           no_control_flow = false; break;
 878         case Bytecodes::_aaload : {
 879           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 880             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 881           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 882             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 883           if (!atype.is_reference_array()) {
 884             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
 885                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(),
 886                 TypeOrigin::implicit(VerificationType::reference_check())),
 887                 bad_type_msg, "aaload");
 888             return;
 889           }
 890           if (atype.is_null()) {
 891             current_frame.push_stack(
 892               VerificationType::null_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 893           } else {
 894             VerificationType component =
 895               atype.get_component(this, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 896             current_frame.push_stack(component, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 897           }
 898           no_control_flow = false; break;
 899         }
 900         case Bytecodes::_istore :
 901           verify_istore(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 902           no_control_flow = false; break;
 903         case Bytecodes::_istore_0 :
 904         case Bytecodes::_istore_1 :
 905         case Bytecodes::_istore_2 :
 906         case Bytecodes::_istore_3 :
 907           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_istore_0;
 908           verify_istore(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 909           no_control_flow = false; break;
 910         case Bytecodes::_lstore :
 911           verify_lstore(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 912           no_control_flow = false; break;
 913         case Bytecodes::_lstore_0 :
 914         case Bytecodes::_lstore_1 :
 915         case Bytecodes::_lstore_2 :
 916         case Bytecodes::_lstore_3 :
 917           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_lstore_0;
 918           verify_lstore(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 919           no_control_flow = false; break;
 920         case Bytecodes::_fstore :
 921           verify_fstore(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 922           no_control_flow = false; break;
 923         case Bytecodes::_fstore_0 :
 924         case Bytecodes::_fstore_1 :
 925         case Bytecodes::_fstore_2 :
 926         case Bytecodes::_fstore_3 :
 927           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_fstore_0;
 928           verify_fstore(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 929           no_control_flow = false; break;
 930         case Bytecodes::_dstore :
 931           verify_dstore(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 932           no_control_flow = false; break;
 933         case Bytecodes::_dstore_0 :
 934         case Bytecodes::_dstore_1 :
 935         case Bytecodes::_dstore_2 :
 936         case Bytecodes::_dstore_3 :
 937           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_dstore_0;
 938           verify_dstore(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 939           no_control_flow = false; break;
 940         case Bytecodes::_astore :
 941           verify_astore(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 942           no_control_flow = false; break;
 943         case Bytecodes::_astore_0 :
 944         case Bytecodes::_astore_1 :
 945         case Bytecodes::_astore_2 :
 946         case Bytecodes::_astore_3 :
 947           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_astore_0;
 948           verify_astore(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 949           no_control_flow = false; break;
 950         case Bytecodes::_iastore :
 951           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 952             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 953           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
 954             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 955           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 956             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 957           if (!atype.is_int_array()) {
 958             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
 959                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[I", THREAD)),
 960                 bad_type_msg, "iastore");
 961             return;
 962           }
 963           no_control_flow = false; break;
 964         case Bytecodes::_bastore :
 965           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 966             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 967           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
 968             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 969           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 970             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 971           if (!atype.is_bool_array() && !atype.is_byte_array()) {
 972             verify_error(
 973                 ErrorContext::bad_type(bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()),
 974                 bad_type_msg, "bastore");
 975             return;
 976           }
 977           no_control_flow = false; break;
 978         case Bytecodes::_castore :
 979           current_frame.pop_stack(
 980             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 981           current_frame.pop_stack(
 982             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 983           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 984             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 985           if (!atype.is_char_array()) {
 986             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
 987                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[C", THREAD)),
 988                 bad_type_msg, "castore");
 989             return;
 990           }
 991           no_control_flow = false; break;
 992         case Bytecodes::_sastore :
 993           current_frame.pop_stack(
 994             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 995           current_frame.pop_stack(
 996             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 997           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 998             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 999           if (!atype.is_short_array()) {
1000             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1001                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[S", THREAD)),
1002                 bad_type_msg, "sastore");
1003             return;
1004           }
1005           no_control_flow = false; break;
1006         case Bytecodes::_lastore :
1007           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1008             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1009             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1010           current_frame.pop_stack(
1011             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1012           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
1013             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1014           if (!atype.is_long_array()) {
1015             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1016                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[J", THREAD)),
1017                 bad_type_msg, "lastore");
1018             return;
1019           }
1020           no_control_flow = false; break;
1021         case Bytecodes::_fastore :
1022           current_frame.pop_stack(
1023             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1024           current_frame.pop_stack
1025             (VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1026           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
1027             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1028           if (!atype.is_float_array()) {
1029             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1030                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[F", THREAD)),
1031                 bad_type_msg, "fastore");
1032             return;
1033           }
1034           no_control_flow = false; break;
1035         case Bytecodes::_dastore :
1036           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1037             VerificationType::double2_type(),
1038             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1039           current_frame.pop_stack(
1040             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1041           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
1042             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1043           if (!atype.is_double_array()) {
1044             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1045                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[D", THREAD)),
1046                 bad_type_msg, "dastore");
1047             return;
1048           }
1049           no_control_flow = false; break;
1050         case Bytecodes::_aastore :
1051           type = current_frame.pop_stack(object_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1052           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1053             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1054           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
1055             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1056           // more type-checking is done at runtime
1057           if (!atype.is_reference_array()) {
1058             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1059                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(),
1060                 TypeOrigin::implicit(VerificationType::reference_check())),
1061                 bad_type_msg, "aastore");
1062             return;
1063           }
1064           // 4938384: relaxed constraint in JVMS 3nd edition.
1065           no_control_flow = false; break;
1066         case Bytecodes::_pop :
1067           current_frame.pop_stack(
1068             VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1069           no_control_flow = false; break;
1070         case Bytecodes::_pop2 :
1071           type = current_frame.pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1072           if (type.is_category1()) {
1073             current_frame.pop_stack(
1074               VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1075           } else if (type.is_category2_2nd()) {
1076             current_frame.pop_stack(
1077               VerificationType::category2_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1078           } else {
1079             /* Unreachable? Would need a category2_1st on TOS
1080              * which does not appear possible. */
1081             verify_error(
1082                 ErrorContext::bad_type(bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()),
1083                 bad_type_msg, "pop2");
1084             return;
1085           }
1086           no_control_flow = false; break;
1087         case Bytecodes::_dup :
1088           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1089             VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1090           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1091           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1092           no_control_flow = false; break;
1093         case Bytecodes::_dup_x1 :
1094           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1095             VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1096           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1097             VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1098           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1099           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1100           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1101           no_control_flow = false; break;
1102         case Bytecodes::_dup_x2 :
1103         {
1104           VerificationType type3;
1105           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1106             VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1107           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1108           if (type2.is_category1()) {
1109             type3 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1110               VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1111           } else if (type2.is_category2_2nd()) {
1112             type3 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1113               VerificationType::category2_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1114           } else {
1115             /* Unreachable? Would need a category2_1st at stack depth 2 with
1116              * a category1 on TOS which does not appear possible. */
1117             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(
1118                 bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()), bad_type_msg, "dup_x2");
1119             return;
1120           }
1121           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1122           current_frame.push_stack(type3, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1123           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1124           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1125           no_control_flow = false; break;
1126         }
1127         case Bytecodes::_dup2 :
1128           type = current_frame.pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1129           if (type.is_category1()) {
1130             type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1131               VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1132           } else if (type.is_category2_2nd()) {
1133             type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1134               VerificationType::category2_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1135           } else {
1136             /* Unreachable?  Would need a category2_1st on TOS which does not
1137              * appear possible. */
1138             verify_error(
1139                 ErrorContext::bad_type(bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()),
1140                 bad_type_msg, "dup2");
1141             return;
1142           }
1143           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1144           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1145           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1146           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1147           no_control_flow = false; break;
1148         case Bytecodes::_dup2_x1 :
1149         {
1150           VerificationType type3;
1151           type = current_frame.pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1152           if (type.is_category1()) {
1153             type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1154               VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1155           } else if (type.is_category2_2nd()) {
1156             type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1157               VerificationType::category2_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1158           } else {
1159             /* Unreachable?  Would need a category2_1st on TOS which does
1160              * not appear possible. */
1161             verify_error(
1162                 ErrorContext::bad_type(bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()),
1163                 bad_type_msg, "dup2_x1");
1164             return;
1165           }
1166           type3 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1167             VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1168           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1169           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1170           current_frame.push_stack(type3, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1171           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1172           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1173           no_control_flow = false; break;
1174         }
1175         case Bytecodes::_dup2_x2 :
1176         {
1177           VerificationType type3, type4;
1178           type = current_frame.pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1179           if (type.is_category1()) {
1180             type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1181               VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1182           } else if (type.is_category2_2nd()) {
1183             type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1184               VerificationType::category2_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1185           } else {
1186             /* Unreachable?  Would need a category2_1st on TOS which does
1187              * not appear possible. */
1188             verify_error(
1189                 ErrorContext::bad_type(bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()),
1190                 bad_type_msg, "dup2_x2");
1191             return;
1192           }
1193           type3 = current_frame.pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1194           if (type3.is_category1()) {
1195             type4 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1196               VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1197           } else if (type3.is_category2_2nd()) {
1198             type4 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1199               VerificationType::category2_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1200           } else {
1201             /* Unreachable?  Would need a category2_1st on TOS after popping
1202              * a long/double or two category 1's, which does not
1203              * appear possible. */
1204             verify_error(
1205                 ErrorContext::bad_type(bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()),
1206                 bad_type_msg, "dup2_x2");
1207             return;
1208           }
1209           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1210           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1211           current_frame.push_stack(type4, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1212           current_frame.push_stack(type3, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1213           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1214           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1215           no_control_flow = false; break;
1216         }
1217         case Bytecodes::_swap :
1218           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1219             VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1220           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1221             VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1222           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1223           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1224           no_control_flow = false; break;
1225         case Bytecodes::_iadd :
1226         case Bytecodes::_isub :
1227         case Bytecodes::_imul :
1228         case Bytecodes::_idiv :
1229         case Bytecodes::_irem :
1230         case Bytecodes::_ishl :
1231         case Bytecodes::_ishr :
1232         case Bytecodes::_iushr :
1233         case Bytecodes::_ior :
1234         case Bytecodes::_ixor :
1235         case Bytecodes::_iand :
1236           current_frame.pop_stack(
1237             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1238           // fall through
1239         case Bytecodes::_ineg :
1240           current_frame.pop_stack(
1241             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1242           current_frame.push_stack(
1243             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1244           no_control_flow = false; break;
1245         case Bytecodes::_ladd :
1246         case Bytecodes::_lsub :
1247         case Bytecodes::_lmul :
1248         case Bytecodes::_ldiv :
1249         case Bytecodes::_lrem :
1250         case Bytecodes::_land :
1251         case Bytecodes::_lor :
1252         case Bytecodes::_lxor :
1253           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1254             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1255             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1256           // fall through
1257         case Bytecodes::_lneg :
1258           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1259             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1260             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1261           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1262             VerificationType::long_type(),
1263             VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1264           no_control_flow = false; break;
1265         case Bytecodes::_lshl :
1266         case Bytecodes::_lshr :
1267         case Bytecodes::_lushr :
1268           current_frame.pop_stack(
1269             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1270           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1271             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1272             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1273           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1274             VerificationType::long_type(),
1275             VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1276           no_control_flow = false; break;
1277         case Bytecodes::_fadd :
1278         case Bytecodes::_fsub :
1279         case Bytecodes::_fmul :
1280         case Bytecodes::_fdiv :
1281         case Bytecodes::_frem :
1282           current_frame.pop_stack(
1283             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1284           // fall through
1285         case Bytecodes::_fneg :
1286           current_frame.pop_stack(
1287             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1288           current_frame.push_stack(
1289             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1290           no_control_flow = false; break;
1291         case Bytecodes::_dadd :
1292         case Bytecodes::_dsub :
1293         case Bytecodes::_dmul :
1294         case Bytecodes::_ddiv :
1295         case Bytecodes::_drem :
1296           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1297             VerificationType::double2_type(),
1298             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1299           // fall through
1300         case Bytecodes::_dneg :
1301           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1302             VerificationType::double2_type(),
1303             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1304           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1305             VerificationType::double_type(),
1306             VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1307           no_control_flow = false; break;
1308         case Bytecodes::_iinc :
1309           verify_iinc(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1310           no_control_flow = false; break;
1311         case Bytecodes::_i2l :
1312           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1313             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1314           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1315             VerificationType::long_type(),
1316             VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1317           no_control_flow = false; break;
1318        case Bytecodes::_l2i :
1319           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1320             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1321             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1322           current_frame.push_stack(
1323             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1324           no_control_flow = false; break;
1325         case Bytecodes::_i2f :
1326           current_frame.pop_stack(
1327             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1328           current_frame.push_stack(
1329             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1330           no_control_flow = false; break;
1331         case Bytecodes::_i2d :
1332           current_frame.pop_stack(
1333             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1334           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1335             VerificationType::double_type(),
1336             VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1337           no_control_flow = false; break;
1338         case Bytecodes::_l2f :
1339           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1340             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1341             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1342           current_frame.push_stack(
1343             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1344           no_control_flow = false; break;
1345         case Bytecodes::_l2d :
1346           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1347             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1348             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1349           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1350             VerificationType::double_type(),
1351             VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1352           no_control_flow = false; break;
1353         case Bytecodes::_f2i :
1354           current_frame.pop_stack(
1355             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1356           current_frame.push_stack(
1357             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1358           no_control_flow = false; break;
1359         case Bytecodes::_f2l :
1360           current_frame.pop_stack(
1361             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1362           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1363             VerificationType::long_type(),
1364             VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1365           no_control_flow = false; break;
1366         case Bytecodes::_f2d :
1367           current_frame.pop_stack(
1368             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1369           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1370             VerificationType::double_type(),
1371             VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1372           no_control_flow = false; break;
1373         case Bytecodes::_d2i :
1374           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1375             VerificationType::double2_type(),
1376             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1377           current_frame.push_stack(
1378             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1379           no_control_flow = false; break;
1380         case Bytecodes::_d2l :
1381           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1382             VerificationType::double2_type(),
1383             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1384           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1385             VerificationType::long_type(),
1386             VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1387           no_control_flow = false; break;
1388         case Bytecodes::_d2f :
1389           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1390             VerificationType::double2_type(),
1391             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1392           current_frame.push_stack(
1393             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1394           no_control_flow = false; break;
1395         case Bytecodes::_i2b :
1396         case Bytecodes::_i2c :
1397         case Bytecodes::_i2s :
1398           current_frame.pop_stack(
1399             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1400           current_frame.push_stack(
1401             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1402           no_control_flow = false; break;
1403         case Bytecodes::_lcmp :
1404           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1405             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1406             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1407           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1408             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1409             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1410           current_frame.push_stack(
1411             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1412           no_control_flow = false; break;
1413         case Bytecodes::_fcmpl :
1414         case Bytecodes::_fcmpg :
1415           current_frame.pop_stack(
1416             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1417           current_frame.pop_stack(
1418             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1419           current_frame.push_stack(
1420             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1421           no_control_flow = false; break;
1422         case Bytecodes::_dcmpl :
1423         case Bytecodes::_dcmpg :
1424           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1425             VerificationType::double2_type(),
1426             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1427           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1428             VerificationType::double2_type(),
1429             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1430           current_frame.push_stack(
1431             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1432           no_control_flow = false; break;
1433         case Bytecodes::_if_icmpeq:
1434         case Bytecodes::_if_icmpne:
1435         case Bytecodes::_if_icmplt:
1436         case Bytecodes::_if_icmpge:
1437         case Bytecodes::_if_icmpgt:
1438         case Bytecodes::_if_icmple:
1439           current_frame.pop_stack(
1440             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1441           // fall through
1442         case Bytecodes::_ifeq:
1443         case Bytecodes::_ifne:
1444         case Bytecodes::_iflt:
1445         case Bytecodes::_ifge:
1446         case Bytecodes::_ifgt:
1447         case Bytecodes::_ifle:
1448           current_frame.pop_stack(
1449             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1450           target = bcs.dest();
1451           stackmap_table.check_jump_target(
1452             &current_frame, target, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1453           no_control_flow = false; break;
1454         case Bytecodes::_if_acmpeq :
1455         case Bytecodes::_if_acmpne :
1456           current_frame.pop_stack(
1457             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1458           // fall through
1459         case Bytecodes::_ifnull :
1460         case Bytecodes::_ifnonnull :
1461           current_frame.pop_stack(
1462             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1463           target = bcs.dest();
1464           stackmap_table.check_jump_target
1465             (&current_frame, target, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1466           no_control_flow = false; break;
1467         case Bytecodes::_goto :
1468           target = bcs.dest();
1469           stackmap_table.check_jump_target(
1470             &current_frame, target, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1471           no_control_flow = true; break;
1472         case Bytecodes::_goto_w :
1473           target = bcs.dest_w();
1474           stackmap_table.check_jump_target(
1475             &current_frame, target, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1476           no_control_flow = true; break;
1477         case Bytecodes::_tableswitch :
1478         case Bytecodes::_lookupswitch :
1479           verify_switch(
1480             &bcs, code_length, code_data, &current_frame,
1481             &stackmap_table, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1482           no_control_flow = true; break;
1483         case Bytecodes::_ireturn :
1484           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1485             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1486           verify_return_value(return_type, type, bci,
1487                               &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1488           no_control_flow = true; break;
1489         case Bytecodes::_lreturn :
1490           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1491             VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1492           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1493             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1494           verify_return_value(return_type, type, bci,
1495                               &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1496           no_control_flow = true; break;
1497         case Bytecodes::_freturn :
1498           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1499             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1500           verify_return_value(return_type, type, bci,
1501                               &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1502           no_control_flow = true; break;
1503         case Bytecodes::_dreturn :
1504           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1505             VerificationType::double2_type(),  CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1506           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1507             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1508           verify_return_value(return_type, type, bci,
1509                               &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1510           no_control_flow = true; break;
1511         case Bytecodes::_areturn :
1512           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1513             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1514           verify_return_value(return_type, type, bci,
1515                               &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1516           no_control_flow = true; break;
1517         case Bytecodes::_return :
1518           if (return_type != VerificationType::bogus_type()) {
1519             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
1520                          "Method expects a return value");
1521             return;
1522           }
1523           // Make sure "this" has been initialized if current method is an
1524           // <init>
1525           if (_method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name() &&
1526               current_frame.flag_this_uninit()) {
1527             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
1528                          "Constructor must call super() or this() "
1529                          "before return");
1530             return;
1531           }
1532           no_control_flow = true; break;
1533         case Bytecodes::_getstatic :
1534         case Bytecodes::_putstatic :
1535         case Bytecodes::_getfield :
1536         case Bytecodes::_putfield :
1537           verify_field_instructions(
1538             &bcs, &current_frame, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1539           no_control_flow = false; break;
1540         case Bytecodes::_invokevirtual :
1541         case Bytecodes::_invokespecial :
1542         case Bytecodes::_invokestatic :
1543           verify_invoke_instructions(
1544             &bcs, code_length, &current_frame,
1545             &this_uninit, return_type, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1546           no_control_flow = false; break;
1547         case Bytecodes::_invokeinterface :
1548         case Bytecodes::_invokedynamic :
1549           verify_invoke_instructions(
1550             &bcs, code_length, &current_frame,
1551             &this_uninit, return_type, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1552           no_control_flow = false; break;
1553         case Bytecodes::_new :
1554         {
1555           index = bcs.get_index_u2();
1556           verify_cp_class_type(bci, index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1557           VerificationType new_class_type =
1558             cp_index_to_type(index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1559           if (!new_class_type.is_object()) {
1560             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1561                 TypeOrigin::cp(index, new_class_type)),
1562                 "Illegal new instruction");
1563             return;
1564           }
1565           type = VerificationType::uninitialized_type(bci);
1566           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1567           no_control_flow = false; break;
1568         }
1569         case Bytecodes::_newarray :
1570           type = get_newarray_type(bcs.get_index(), bci, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1571           current_frame.pop_stack(
1572             VerificationType::integer_type(),  CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1573           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1574           no_control_flow = false; break;
1575         case Bytecodes::_anewarray :
1576           verify_anewarray(
1577             bci, bcs.get_index_u2(), cp, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1578           no_control_flow = false; break;
1579         case Bytecodes::_arraylength :
1580           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1581             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1582           if (!(type.is_null() || type.is_array())) {
1583             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(
1584                 bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()),
1585                 bad_type_msg, "arraylength");
1586           }
1587           current_frame.push_stack(
1588             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1589           no_control_flow = false; break;
1590         case Bytecodes::_checkcast :
1591         {
1592           index = bcs.get_index_u2();
1593           verify_cp_class_type(bci, index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1594           current_frame.pop_stack(object_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1595           VerificationType klass_type = cp_index_to_type(
1596             index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1597           current_frame.push_stack(klass_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1598           no_control_flow = false; break;
1599         }
1600         case Bytecodes::_instanceof : {
1601           index = bcs.get_index_u2();
1602           verify_cp_class_type(bci, index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1603           current_frame.pop_stack(object_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1604           current_frame.push_stack(
1605             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1606           no_control_flow = false; break;
1607         }
1608         case Bytecodes::_monitorenter :
1609         case Bytecodes::_monitorexit :
1610           current_frame.pop_stack(
1611             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1612           no_control_flow = false; break;
1613         case Bytecodes::_multianewarray :
1614         {
1615           index = bcs.get_index_u2();
1616           u2 dim = *(bcs.bcp()+3);
1617           verify_cp_class_type(bci, index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1618           VerificationType new_array_type =
1619             cp_index_to_type(index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1620           if (!new_array_type.is_array()) {
1621             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1622                 TypeOrigin::cp(index, new_array_type)),
1623                 "Illegal constant pool index in multianewarray instruction");
1624             return;
1625           }
1626           if (dim < 1 || new_array_type.dimensions() < dim) {
1627             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
1628                 "Illegal dimension in multianewarray instruction: %d", dim);
1629             return;
1630           }
1631           for (int i = 0; i < dim; i++) {
1632             current_frame.pop_stack(
1633               VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1634           }
1635           current_frame.push_stack(new_array_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1636           no_control_flow = false; break;
1637         }
1638         case Bytecodes::_athrow :
1639           type = VerificationType::reference_type(
1640             vmSymbols::java_lang_Throwable());
1641           current_frame.pop_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1642           no_control_flow = true; break;
1643         default:
1644           // We only need to check the valid bytecodes in class file.
1645           // And jsr and ret are not in the new class file format in JDK1.5.
1646           verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
1647               "Bad instruction: %02x", opcode);
1648           no_control_flow = false;
1649           return;
1650       }  // end switch
1651     }  // end Merge with the next instruction
1652 
1653     // Look for possible jump target in exception handlers and see if it
1654     // matches current_frame
1655     if (bci >= ex_min && bci < ex_max) {
1656       verify_exception_handler_targets(
1657         bci, this_uninit, &current_frame, &stackmap_table, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1658     }
1659   } // end while
1660 
1661   // Make sure that control flow does not fall through end of the method
1662   if (!no_control_flow) {
1663     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(code_length),
1664         "Control flow falls through code end");
1665     return;
1666   }
1667 }
1668 
1669 #undef bad_type_message
1670 
1671 char* ClassVerifier::generate_code_data(methodHandle m, u4 code_length, TRAPS) {
1672   char* code_data = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, code_length);
1673   memset(code_data, 0, sizeof(char) * code_length);
1674   RawBytecodeStream bcs(m);
1675 
1676   while (!bcs.is_last_bytecode()) {
1677     if (bcs.raw_next() != Bytecodes::_illegal) {
1678       int bci = bcs.bci();
1679       if (bcs.raw_code() == Bytecodes::_new) {
1680         code_data[bci] = NEW_OFFSET;
1681       } else {
1682         code_data[bci] = BYTECODE_OFFSET;
1683       }
1684     } else {
1685       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bcs.bci()), "Bad instruction");
1686       return NULL;
1687     }
1688   }
1689 
1690   return code_data;
1691 }
1692 
1693 void ClassVerifier::verify_exception_handler_table(u4 code_length, char* code_data, int& min, int& max, TRAPS) {
1694   ExceptionTable exhandlers(_method());
1695   int exlength = exhandlers.length();
1696   constantPoolHandle cp (THREAD, _method->constants());
1697 
1698   for(int i = 0; i < exlength; i++) {
1699     //reacquire the table in case a GC happened
1700     ExceptionTable exhandlers(_method());
1701     u2 start_pc = exhandlers.start_pc(i);
1702     u2 end_pc = exhandlers.end_pc(i);
1703     u2 handler_pc = exhandlers.handler_pc(i);
1704     if (start_pc >= code_length || code_data[start_pc] == 0) {
1705       class_format_error("Illegal exception table start_pc %d", start_pc);
1706       return;
1707     }
1708     if (end_pc != code_length) {   // special case: end_pc == code_length
1709       if (end_pc > code_length || code_data[end_pc] == 0) {
1710         class_format_error("Illegal exception table end_pc %d", end_pc);
1711         return;
1712       }
1713     }
1714     if (handler_pc >= code_length || code_data[handler_pc] == 0) {
1715       class_format_error("Illegal exception table handler_pc %d", handler_pc);
1716       return;
1717     }
1718     int catch_type_index = exhandlers.catch_type_index(i);
1719     if (catch_type_index != 0) {
1720       VerificationType catch_type = cp_index_to_type(
1721         catch_type_index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1722       VerificationType throwable =
1723         VerificationType::reference_type(vmSymbols::java_lang_Throwable());
1724       bool is_subclass = throwable.is_assignable_from(
1725         catch_type, this, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1726       if (!is_subclass) {
1727         // 4286534: should throw VerifyError according to recent spec change
1728         verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(handler_pc,
1729             TypeOrigin::cp(catch_type_index, catch_type),
1730             TypeOrigin::implicit(throwable)),
1731             "Catch type is not a subclass "
1732             "of Throwable in exception handler %d", handler_pc);
1733         return;
1734       }
1735     }
1736     if (start_pc < min) min = start_pc;
1737     if (end_pc > max) max = end_pc;
1738   }
1739 }
1740 
1741 void ClassVerifier::verify_local_variable_table(u4 code_length, char* code_data, TRAPS) {
1742   int localvariable_table_length = _method()->localvariable_table_length();
1743   if (localvariable_table_length > 0) {
1744     LocalVariableTableElement* table = _method()->localvariable_table_start();
1745     for (int i = 0; i < localvariable_table_length; i++) {
1746       u2 start_bci = table[i].start_bci;
1747       u2 length = table[i].length;
1748 
1749       if (start_bci >= code_length || code_data[start_bci] == 0) {
1750         class_format_error(
1751           "Illegal local variable table start_pc %d", start_bci);
1752         return;
1753       }
1754       u4 end_bci = (u4)(start_bci + length);
1755       if (end_bci != code_length) {
1756         if (end_bci >= code_length || code_data[end_bci] == 0) {
1757           class_format_error( "Illegal local variable table length %d", length);
1758           return;
1759         }
1760       }
1761     }
1762   }
1763 }
1764 
1765 u2 ClassVerifier::verify_stackmap_table(u2 stackmap_index, u2 bci,
1766                                         StackMapFrame* current_frame,
1767                                         StackMapTable* stackmap_table,
1768                                         bool no_control_flow, TRAPS) {
1769   if (stackmap_index < stackmap_table->get_frame_count()) {
1770     u2 this_offset = stackmap_table->get_offset(stackmap_index);
1771     if (no_control_flow && this_offset > bci) {
1772       verify_error(ErrorContext::missing_stackmap(bci),
1773                    "Expecting a stack map frame");
1774       return 0;
1775     }
1776     if (this_offset == bci) {
1777       ErrorContext ctx;
1778       // See if current stack map can be assigned to the frame in table.
1779       // current_frame is the stackmap frame got from the last instruction.
1780       // If matched, current_frame will be updated by this method.
1781       bool matches = stackmap_table->match_stackmap(
1782         current_frame, this_offset, stackmap_index,
1783         !no_control_flow, true, &ctx, CHECK_VERIFY_(this, 0));
1784       if (!matches) {
1785         // report type error
1786         verify_error(ctx, "Instruction type does not match stack map");
1787         return 0;
1788       }
1789       stackmap_index++;
1790     } else if (this_offset < bci) {
1791       // current_offset should have met this_offset.
1792       class_format_error("Bad stack map offset %d", this_offset);
1793       return 0;
1794     }
1795   } else if (no_control_flow) {
1796     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci), "Expecting a stack map frame");
1797     return 0;
1798   }
1799   return stackmap_index;
1800 }
1801 
1802 void ClassVerifier::verify_exception_handler_targets(u2 bci, bool this_uninit, StackMapFrame* current_frame,
1803                                                      StackMapTable* stackmap_table, TRAPS) {
1804   constantPoolHandle cp (THREAD, _method->constants());
1805   ExceptionTable exhandlers(_method());
1806   int exlength = exhandlers.length();
1807   for(int i = 0; i < exlength; i++) {
1808     //reacquire the table in case a GC happened
1809     ExceptionTable exhandlers(_method());
1810     u2 start_pc = exhandlers.start_pc(i);
1811     u2 end_pc = exhandlers.end_pc(i);
1812     u2 handler_pc = exhandlers.handler_pc(i);
1813     int catch_type_index = exhandlers.catch_type_index(i);
1814     if(bci >= start_pc && bci < end_pc) {
1815       u1 flags = current_frame->flags();
1816       if (this_uninit) {  flags |= FLAG_THIS_UNINIT; }
1817       StackMapFrame* new_frame = current_frame->frame_in_exception_handler(flags);
1818       if (catch_type_index != 0) {
1819         // We know that this index refers to a subclass of Throwable
1820         VerificationType catch_type = cp_index_to_type(
1821           catch_type_index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1822         new_frame->push_stack(catch_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1823       } else {
1824         VerificationType throwable =
1825           VerificationType::reference_type(vmSymbols::java_lang_Throwable());
1826         new_frame->push_stack(throwable, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1827       }
1828       ErrorContext ctx;
1829       bool matches = stackmap_table->match_stackmap(
1830         new_frame, handler_pc, true, false, &ctx, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1831       if (!matches) {
1832         verify_error(ctx, "Stack map does not match the one at "
1833             "exception handler %d", handler_pc);
1834         return;
1835       }
1836     }
1837   }
1838 }
1839 
1840 void ClassVerifier::verify_cp_index(
1841     u2 bci, constantPoolHandle cp, int index, TRAPS) {
1842   int nconstants = cp->length();
1843   if ((index <= 0) || (index >= nconstants)) {
1844     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_cp_index(bci, index),
1845         "Illegal constant pool index %d in class %s",
1846         index, cp->pool_holder()->external_name());
1847     return;
1848   }
1849 }
1850 
1851 void ClassVerifier::verify_cp_type(
1852     u2 bci, int index, constantPoolHandle cp, unsigned int types, TRAPS) {
1853 
1854   // In some situations, bytecode rewriting may occur while we're verifying.
1855   // In this case, a constant pool cache exists and some indices refer to that
1856   // instead.  Be sure we don't pick up such indices by accident.
1857   // We must check was_recursively_verified() before we get here.
1858   guarantee(cp->cache() == NULL, "not rewritten yet");
1859 
1860   verify_cp_index(bci, cp, index, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1861   unsigned int tag = cp->tag_at(index).value();
1862   if ((types & (1 << tag)) == 0) {
1863     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_cp_index(bci, index),
1864       "Illegal type at constant pool entry %d in class %s",
1865       index, cp->pool_holder()->external_name());
1866     return;
1867   }
1868 }
1869 
1870 void ClassVerifier::verify_cp_class_type(
1871     u2 bci, int index, constantPoolHandle cp, TRAPS) {
1872   verify_cp_index(bci, cp, index, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1873   constantTag tag = cp->tag_at(index);
1874   if (!tag.is_klass() && !tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
1875     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_cp_index(bci, index),
1876         "Illegal type at constant pool entry %d in class %s",
1877         index, cp->pool_holder()->external_name());
1878     return;
1879   }
1880 }
1881 
1882 void ClassVerifier::verify_error(ErrorContext ctx, const char* msg, ...) {
1883   stringStream ss;
1884 
1885   ctx.reset_frames();
1886   _exception_type = vmSymbols::java_lang_VerifyError();
1887   _error_context = ctx;
1888   va_list va;
1889   va_start(va, msg);
1890   ss.vprint(msg, va);
1891   va_end(va);
1892   _message = ss.as_string();
1893 #ifdef ASSERT
1894   ResourceMark rm;
1895   const char* exception_name = _exception_type->as_C_string();
1896   Exceptions::debug_check_abort(exception_name, NULL);
1897 #endif // ndef ASSERT
1898 }
1899 
1900 void ClassVerifier::class_format_error(const char* msg, ...) {
1901   stringStream ss;
1902   _exception_type = vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError();
1903   va_list va;
1904   va_start(va, msg);
1905   ss.vprint(msg, va);
1906   va_end(va);
1907   if (!_method.is_null()) {
1908     ss.print(" in method %s", _method->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
1909   }
1910   _message = ss.as_string();
1911 }
1912 
1913 Klass* ClassVerifier::load_class(Symbol* name, TRAPS) {
1914   // Get current loader and protection domain first.
1915   oop loader = current_class()->class_loader();
1916   oop protection_domain = current_class()->protection_domain();
1917 
1918   return SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(
1919     name, Handle(THREAD, loader), Handle(THREAD, protection_domain),
1920     true, CHECK_NULL);
1921 }
1922 
1923 bool ClassVerifier::is_protected_access(instanceKlassHandle this_class,
1924                                         Klass* target_class,
1925                                         Symbol* field_name,
1926                                         Symbol* field_sig,
1927                                         bool is_method) {
1928   No_Safepoint_Verifier nosafepoint;
1929 
1930   // If target class isn't a super class of this class, we don't worry about this case
1931   if (!this_class->is_subclass_of(target_class)) {
1932     return false;
1933   }
1934   // Check if the specified method or field is protected
1935   InstanceKlass* target_instance = InstanceKlass::cast(target_class);
1936   fieldDescriptor fd;
1937   if (is_method) {
1938     Method* m = target_instance->uncached_lookup_method(field_name, field_sig, Klass::normal);
1939     if (m != NULL && m->is_protected()) {
1940       if (!this_class->is_same_class_package(m->method_holder())) {
1941         return true;
1942       }
1943     }
1944   } else {
1945     Klass* member_klass = target_instance->find_field(field_name, field_sig, &fd);
1946     if (member_klass != NULL && fd.is_protected()) {
1947       if (!this_class->is_same_class_package(member_klass)) {
1948         return true;
1949       }
1950     }
1951   }
1952   return false;
1953 }
1954 
1955 void ClassVerifier::verify_ldc(
1956     int opcode, u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame,
1957     constantPoolHandle cp, u2 bci, TRAPS) {
1958   verify_cp_index(bci, cp, index, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1959   constantTag tag = cp->tag_at(index);
1960   unsigned int types;
1961   if (opcode == Bytecodes::_ldc || opcode == Bytecodes::_ldc_w) {
1962     if (!tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
1963       types = (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Integer) | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Float)
1964             | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_String)  | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Class)
1965             | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle) | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType);
1966       // Note:  The class file parser already verified the legality of
1967       // MethodHandle and MethodType constants.
1968       verify_cp_type(bci, index, cp, types, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1969     }
1970   } else {
1971     assert(opcode == Bytecodes::_ldc2_w, "must be ldc2_w");
1972     types = (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Double) | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Long);
1973     verify_cp_type(bci, index, cp, types, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1974   }
1975   if (tag.is_string() && cp->is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
1976     current_frame->push_stack(object_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1977   } else if (tag.is_string()) {
1978     current_frame->push_stack(
1979       VerificationType::reference_type(
1980         vmSymbols::java_lang_String()), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1981   } else if (tag.is_klass() || tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
1982     current_frame->push_stack(
1983       VerificationType::reference_type(
1984         vmSymbols::java_lang_Class()), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1985   } else if (tag.is_int()) {
1986     current_frame->push_stack(
1987       VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1988   } else if (tag.is_float()) {
1989     current_frame->push_stack(
1990       VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1991   } else if (tag.is_double()) {
1992     current_frame->push_stack_2(
1993       VerificationType::double_type(),
1994       VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1995   } else if (tag.is_long()) {
1996     current_frame->push_stack_2(
1997       VerificationType::long_type(),
1998       VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1999   } else if (tag.is_method_handle()) {
2000     current_frame->push_stack(
2001       VerificationType::reference_type(
2002         vmSymbols::java_lang_invoke_MethodHandle()), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2003   } else if (tag.is_method_type()) {
2004     current_frame->push_stack(
2005       VerificationType::reference_type(
2006         vmSymbols::java_lang_invoke_MethodType()), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2007   } else {
2008     /* Unreachable? verify_cp_type has already validated the cp type. */
2009     verify_error(
2010         ErrorContext::bad_cp_index(bci, index), "Invalid index in ldc");
2011     return;
2012   }
2013 }
2014 
2015 void ClassVerifier::verify_switch(
2016     RawBytecodeStream* bcs, u4 code_length, char* code_data,
2017     StackMapFrame* current_frame, StackMapTable* stackmap_table, TRAPS) {
2018   int bci = bcs->bci();
2019   address bcp = bcs->bcp();
2020   address aligned_bcp = (address) round_to((intptr_t)(bcp + 1), jintSize);
2021 
2022   if (_klass->major_version() < NONZERO_PADDING_BYTES_IN_SWITCH_MAJOR_VERSION) {
2023     // 4639449 & 4647081: padding bytes must be 0
2024     u2 padding_offset = 1;
2025     while ((bcp + padding_offset) < aligned_bcp) {
2026       if(*(bcp + padding_offset) != 0) {
2027         verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2028                      "Nonzero padding byte in lookupswitch or tableswitch");
2029         return;
2030       }
2031       padding_offset++;
2032     }
2033   }
2034 
2035   int default_offset = (int) Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp);
2036   int keys, delta;
2037   current_frame->pop_stack(
2038     VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2039   if (bcs->raw_code() == Bytecodes::_tableswitch) {
2040     jint low = (jint)Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp + jintSize);
2041     jint high = (jint)Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp + 2*jintSize);
2042     if (low > high) {
2043       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2044           "low must be less than or equal to high in tableswitch");
2045       return;
2046     }
2047     keys = high - low + 1;
2048     if (keys < 0) {
2049       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci), "too many keys in tableswitch");
2050       return;
2051     }
2052     delta = 1;
2053   } else {
2054     keys = (int)Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp + jintSize);
2055     if (keys < 0) {
2056       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2057                    "number of keys in lookupswitch less than 0");
2058       return;
2059     }
2060     delta = 2;
2061     // Make sure that the lookupswitch items are sorted
2062     for (int i = 0; i < (keys - 1); i++) {
2063       jint this_key = Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp + (2+2*i)*jintSize);
2064       jint next_key = Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp + (2+2*i+2)*jintSize);
2065       if (this_key >= next_key) {
2066         verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2067                      "Bad lookupswitch instruction");
2068         return;
2069       }
2070     }
2071   }
2072   int target = bci + default_offset;
2073   stackmap_table->check_jump_target(current_frame, target, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2074   for (int i = 0; i < keys; i++) {
2075     // Because check_jump_target() may safepoint, the bytecode could have
2076     // moved, which means 'aligned_bcp' is no good and needs to be recalculated.
2077     aligned_bcp = (address)round_to((intptr_t)(bcs->bcp() + 1), jintSize);
2078     target = bci + (jint)Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp+(3+i*delta)*jintSize);
2079     stackmap_table->check_jump_target(
2080       current_frame, target, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2081   }
2082   NOT_PRODUCT(aligned_bcp = NULL);  // no longer valid at this point
2083 }
2084 
2085 bool ClassVerifier::name_in_supers(
2086     Symbol* ref_name, instanceKlassHandle current) {
2087   Klass* super = current->super();
2088   while (super != NULL) {
2089     if (super->name() == ref_name) {
2090       return true;
2091     }
2092     super = super->super();
2093   }
2094   return false;
2095 }
2096 
2097 void ClassVerifier::verify_field_instructions(RawBytecodeStream* bcs,
2098                                               StackMapFrame* current_frame,
2099                                               constantPoolHandle cp,
2100                                               TRAPS) {
2101   u2 index = bcs->get_index_u2();
2102   verify_cp_type(bcs->bci(), index, cp,
2103       1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2104 
2105   // Get field name and signature
2106   Symbol* field_name = cp->name_ref_at(index);
2107   Symbol* field_sig = cp->signature_ref_at(index);
2108 
2109   if (!SignatureVerifier::is_valid_type_signature(field_sig)) {
2110     class_format_error(
2111       "Invalid signature for field in class %s referenced "
2112       "from constant pool index %d", _klass->external_name(), index);
2113     return;
2114   }
2115 
2116   // Get referenced class type
2117   VerificationType ref_class_type = cp_ref_index_to_type(
2118     index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2119   if (!ref_class_type.is_object()) {
2120     /* Unreachable?  Class file parser verifies Fieldref contents */
2121     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bcs->bci(),
2122         TypeOrigin::cp(index, ref_class_type)),
2123         "Expecting reference to class in class %s at constant pool index %d",
2124         _klass->external_name(), index);
2125     return;
2126   }
2127   VerificationType target_class_type = ref_class_type;
2128 
2129   assert(sizeof(VerificationType) == sizeof(uintptr_t),
2130         "buffer type must match VerificationType size");
2131   uintptr_t field_type_buffer[2];
2132   VerificationType* field_type = (VerificationType*)field_type_buffer;
2133   // If we make a VerificationType[2] array directly, the compiler calls
2134   // to the c-runtime library to do the allocation instead of just
2135   // stack allocating it.  Plus it would run constructors.  This shows up
2136   // in performance profiles.
2137 
2138   SignatureStream sig_stream(field_sig, false);
2139   VerificationType stack_object_type;
2140   int n = change_sig_to_verificationType(
2141     &sig_stream, field_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2142   u2 bci = bcs->bci();
2143   bool is_assignable;
2144   switch (bcs->raw_code()) {
2145     case Bytecodes::_getstatic: {
2146       for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
2147         current_frame->push_stack(field_type[i], CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2148       }
2149       break;
2150     }
2151     case Bytecodes::_putstatic: {
2152       for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
2153         current_frame->pop_stack(field_type[i], CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2154       }
2155       break;
2156     }
2157     case Bytecodes::_getfield: {
2158       stack_object_type = current_frame->pop_stack(
2159         target_class_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2160       for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
2161         current_frame->push_stack(field_type[i], CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2162       }
2163       goto check_protected;
2164     }
2165     case Bytecodes::_putfield: {
2166       for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
2167         current_frame->pop_stack(field_type[i], CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2168       }
2169       stack_object_type = current_frame->pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2170 
2171       // The JVMS 2nd edition allows field initialization before the superclass
2172       // initializer, if the field is defined within the current class.
2173       fieldDescriptor fd;
2174       if (stack_object_type == VerificationType::uninitialized_this_type() &&
2175           target_class_type.equals(current_type()) &&
2176           _klass->find_local_field(field_name, field_sig, &fd)) {
2177         stack_object_type = current_type();
2178       }
2179       is_assignable = target_class_type.is_assignable_from(
2180         stack_object_type, this, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2181       if (!is_assignable) {
2182         verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
2183             current_frame->stack_top_ctx(),
2184             TypeOrigin::cp(index, target_class_type)),
2185             "Bad type on operand stack in putfield");
2186         return;
2187       }
2188     }
2189     check_protected: {
2190       if (_this_type == stack_object_type)
2191         break; // stack_object_type must be assignable to _current_class_type
2192       Symbol* ref_class_name =
2193         cp->klass_name_at(cp->klass_ref_index_at(index));
2194       if (!name_in_supers(ref_class_name, current_class()))
2195         // stack_object_type must be assignable to _current_class_type since:
2196         // 1. stack_object_type must be assignable to ref_class.
2197         // 2. ref_class must be _current_class or a subclass of it. It can't
2198         //    be a superclass of it. See revised JVMS 5.4.4.
2199         break;
2200 
2201       Klass* ref_class_oop = load_class(ref_class_name, CHECK);
2202       if (is_protected_access(current_class(), ref_class_oop, field_name,
2203                               field_sig, false)) {
2204         // It's protected access, check if stack object is assignable to
2205         // current class.
2206         is_assignable = current_type().is_assignable_from(
2207           stack_object_type, this, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2208         if (!is_assignable) {
2209           verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
2210               current_frame->stack_top_ctx(),
2211               TypeOrigin::implicit(current_type())),
2212               "Bad access to protected data in getfield");
2213           return;
2214         }
2215       }
2216       break;
2217     }
2218     default: ShouldNotReachHere();
2219   }
2220 }
2221 
2222 // Return TRUE if all code paths in the bytecode interval end in athrow.
2223 bool ClassVerifier::ends_in_athrow(u4 start_bc_offset, u4 end_bc_offset) {
2224   // Create bytecode stream.
2225   RawBytecodeStream bcs(method());
2226   bcs.set_interval(start_bc_offset, end_bc_offset);
2227   u4 code_length = method()->code_size();
2228   u4 target;
2229   // Create stack for storing bytecode intervals for if*, goto*, and *switch.
2230   GrowableArray<u4>* bci_stack = new GrowableArray<u4>(50);
2231 
2232   while (true) {
2233     if (bcs.is_last_bytecode()) {
2234       if (bci_stack->is_empty()) {
2235         return false;
2236       } else {
2237         // Pop a bytecode interval and scan that interval.
2238         u4 end_offset = pop_bci_end_offset(bci_stack);
2239         u4 start_offset = pop_bci_start_offset(bci_stack);
2240         assert(end_offset >= start_offset, "Messed up bytecode offsets");
2241         bcs.set_interval(start_offset, end_offset);
2242       }
2243     }
2244     Bytecodes::Code opcode = bcs.raw_next();
2245     u4 bci = bcs.bci();
2246 
2247     switch (opcode) {
2248       case Bytecodes::_if_icmpeq:
2249       case Bytecodes::_if_icmpne:
2250       case Bytecodes::_if_icmplt:
2251       case Bytecodes::_if_icmpge:
2252       case Bytecodes::_if_icmpgt:
2253       case Bytecodes::_if_icmple:
2254       case Bytecodes::_ifeq:
2255       case Bytecodes::_ifne:
2256       case Bytecodes::_iflt:
2257       case Bytecodes::_ifge:
2258       case Bytecodes::_ifgt:
2259       case Bytecodes::_ifle:
2260       case Bytecodes::_if_acmpeq:
2261       case Bytecodes::_if_acmpne:
2262       case Bytecodes::_ifnull:
2263       case Bytecodes::_ifnonnull:
2264         target = bcs.dest();
2265         if (target > bci) { // forward branch
2266           if (target >= code_length) return false;
2267           // Push the branch target interval onto the stack.
2268           push_bci_offsets(bci_stack, target, bcs.end_bci());
2269           // then, scan bytecodes up to the target.
2270           bcs.set_interval(bcs.next_bci(), target);
2271 
2272         } else { // backward branch
2273           // Push the interval following the backward branch onto the stack.
2274           push_bci_offsets(bci_stack, bcs.next_bci(), bcs.end_bci());
2275           // Check bytecodes between the branch target and the current offset.
2276           bcs.set_interval(target, bci);
2277         }
2278         break;
2279 
2280       case Bytecodes::_goto:
2281       case Bytecodes::_goto_w:
2282         target = (opcode == Bytecodes::_goto ? bcs.dest() : bcs.dest_w());
2283         if (target > bci) {  // forward branch
2284           if (target >= code_length) return false;
2285           bcs.set_interval(target, code_length);
2286 
2287         } else { // backward branch
2288           // Push the interval following the backward branch onto the stack.
2289           push_bci_offsets(bci_stack, bcs.next_bci(), bcs.end_bci());
2290           // Check bytecodes between the branch target and the current offset.
2291           bcs.set_interval(target, bci);
2292         }
2293         break;
2294 
2295       // Check that all switch alternatives end in 'athrow' bytecodes. Since it
2296       // is  difficult to determine where each switch alternative ends, parse
2297       // each switch alternative until either hit a 'return', 'athrow', or reach
2298       // the end of the method's bytecodes.  This is gross but should be okay
2299       // because:
2300       // 1. tableswitch and lookupswitch byte codes in handlers for ctor explicit
2301       //    constructor invocations should be rare.
2302       // 2. if each switch alternative ends in an athrow then the parsing should be
2303       //    short.  If there is no athrow then it is bogus code, anyway.
2304       case Bytecodes::_lookupswitch:
2305       case Bytecodes::_tableswitch:
2306         {
2307           address aligned_bcp = (address) round_to((intptr_t)(bcs.bcp() + 1), jintSize);
2308           u4 default_offset = Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp) + bci;
2309           int keys, delta;
2310           if (opcode == Bytecodes::_tableswitch) {
2311             jint low = (jint)Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp + jintSize);
2312             jint high = (jint)Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp + 2*jintSize);
2313             // This is invalid, but let the regular bytecode verifier
2314             // report this because the user will get a better error message.
2315             if (low > high) return true;
2316             keys = high - low + 1;
2317             delta = 1;
2318           } else {
2319             keys = (int)Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp + jintSize);
2320             delta = 2;
2321           }
2322           // Invalid, let the regular bytecode verifier deal with it.
2323           if (keys < 0) return true;
2324  
2325           // Push the current state onto the stack.
2326           push_bci_offsets(bci_stack, bcs.next_bci(), bcs.end_bci());
2327 
2328           // Push the switch alternatives onto the stack.
2329           for (int i = 0; i < keys; i++) {
2330             u4 target = bci + (jint)Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp+(3+i*delta)*jintSize);
2331             if (target > code_length) return false;
2332             push_bci_offsets(bci_stack, target, code_length);
2333           }
2334  
2335           // Start bytecode parsing for the switch at the default alternative.
2336           if (default_offset > code_length) return false;
2337           bcs.set_interval(default_offset, code_length);
2338           break;
2339         }
2340 
2341       case Bytecodes::_return:
2342         return false;
2343 
2344       case Bytecodes::_athrow:
2345         if (bci_stack->is_empty()) {
2346           return true;
2347         } else {
2348           // Pop a bytecode interval and scan that interval.
2349           u4 end_offset = pop_bci_end_offset(bci_stack);
2350           u4 start_offset = pop_bci_start_offset(bci_stack);
2351           assert(end_offset >= start_offset, "Mixed up bytecode offsets");
2352           bcs.set_interval(start_offset, end_offset);
2353           break;
2354         }
2355 
2356       default:
2357         ;
2358     } // end switch
2359   } // end while loop
2360 
2361   return false;
2362 }
2363 
2364 void ClassVerifier::verify_invoke_init(
2365     RawBytecodeStream* bcs, u2 ref_class_index, VerificationType ref_class_type,
2366     StackMapFrame* current_frame, u4 code_length, bool *this_uninit,
2367     constantPoolHandle cp, TRAPS) {
2368   u2 bci = bcs->bci();
2369   VerificationType type = current_frame->pop_stack(
2370     VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2371   if (type == VerificationType::uninitialized_this_type()) {
2372     // The method must be an <init> method of this class or its superclass
2373     Klass* superk = current_class()->super();
2374     if (ref_class_type.name() != current_class()->name() &&
2375         ref_class_type.name() != superk->name()) {
2376       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
2377           TypeOrigin::implicit(ref_class_type),
2378           TypeOrigin::implicit(current_type())),
2379           "Bad <init> method call");
2380       return;
2381     }
2382 
2383     // Make sure that this call is not jumped over.
2384     if (bci < furthest_jump()) {
2385       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2386                    "Bad <init> method call from inside of a branch");
2387       return;
2388     }
2389 
2390     // Check if this call is done from inside of a TRY block.  If so, make
2391     // sure that all catch clause paths end in a throw.  Otherwise, this
2392     // can result in returning an incomplete object.
2393     ExceptionTable exhandlers(_method());
2394     int exlength = exhandlers.length();
2395     for(int i = 0; i < exlength; i++) {
2396       u2 start_pc = exhandlers.start_pc(i);
2397       u2 end_pc = exhandlers.end_pc(i);
2398 
2399       if (bci >= start_pc && bci < end_pc) {
2400         if (!ends_in_athrow(exhandlers.handler_pc(i), code_length)) {
2401           verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2402             "Bad <init> method call from after the start of a try block");
2403           return;
2404         } else if (VerboseVerification) {
2405           ResourceMark rm;
2406           tty->print_cr(
2407             "Survived call to ends_in_athrow(): %s",
2408                         current_class()->name()->as_C_string());
2409         }
2410       }
2411     }
2412 
2413     current_frame->initialize_object(type, current_type());
2414     *this_uninit = true;
2415   } else if (type.is_uninitialized()) {
2416     u2 new_offset = type.bci();
2417     address new_bcp = bcs->bcp() - bci + new_offset;
2418     if (new_offset > (code_length - 3) || (*new_bcp) != Bytecodes::_new) {
2419       /* Unreachable?  Stack map parsing ensures valid type and new
2420        * instructions have a valid BCI. */
2421       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(new_offset),
2422                    "Expecting new instruction");
2423       return;
2424     }
2425     u2 new_class_index = Bytes::get_Java_u2(new_bcp + 1);
2426     verify_cp_class_type(bci, new_class_index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2427 
2428     // The method must be an <init> method of the indicated class
2429     VerificationType new_class_type = cp_index_to_type(
2430       new_class_index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2431     if (!new_class_type.equals(ref_class_type)) {
2432       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
2433           TypeOrigin::cp(new_class_index, new_class_type),
2434           TypeOrigin::cp(ref_class_index, ref_class_type)),
2435           "Call to wrong <init> method");
2436       return;
2437     }
2438     // According to the VM spec, if the referent class is a superclass of the
2439     // current class, and is in a different runtime package, and the method is
2440     // protected, then the objectref must be the current class or a subclass
2441     // of the current class.
2442     VerificationType objectref_type = new_class_type;
2443     if (name_in_supers(ref_class_type.name(), current_class())) {
2444       Klass* ref_klass = load_class(
2445         ref_class_type.name(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2446       Method* m = InstanceKlass::cast(ref_klass)->uncached_lookup_method(
2447         vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(),
2448         cp->signature_ref_at(bcs->get_index_u2()),
2449         Klass::normal);
2450       // Do nothing if method is not found.  Let resolution detect the error.
2451       if (m != NULL) {
2452         instanceKlassHandle mh(THREAD, m->method_holder());
2453         if (m->is_protected() && !mh->is_same_class_package(_klass())) {
2454           bool assignable = current_type().is_assignable_from(
2455             objectref_type, this, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2456           if (!assignable) {
2457             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
2458                 TypeOrigin::cp(new_class_index, objectref_type),
2459                 TypeOrigin::implicit(current_type())),
2460                 "Bad access to protected <init> method");
2461             return;
2462           }
2463         }
2464       }
2465     }
2466     current_frame->initialize_object(type, new_class_type);
2467   } else {
2468     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci, current_frame->stack_top_ctx()),
2469         "Bad operand type when invoking <init>");
2470     return;
2471   }
2472 }
2473 
2474 bool ClassVerifier::is_same_or_direct_interface(
2475     instanceKlassHandle klass,
2476     VerificationType klass_type,
2477     VerificationType ref_class_type) {
2478   if (ref_class_type.equals(klass_type)) return true;
2479   Array<Klass*>* local_interfaces = klass->local_interfaces();
2480   if (local_interfaces != NULL) {
2481     for (int x = 0; x < local_interfaces->length(); x++) {
2482       Klass* k = local_interfaces->at(x);
2483       assert (k != NULL && k->is_interface(), "invalid interface");
2484       if (ref_class_type.equals(VerificationType::reference_type(k->name()))) {
2485         return true;
2486       }
2487     }
2488   }
2489   return false;
2490 }
2491 
2492 void ClassVerifier::verify_invoke_instructions(
2493     RawBytecodeStream* bcs, u4 code_length, StackMapFrame* current_frame,
2494     bool *this_uninit, VerificationType return_type,
2495     constantPoolHandle cp, TRAPS) {
2496   // Make sure the constant pool item is the right type
2497   u2 index = bcs->get_index_u2();
2498   Bytecodes::Code opcode = bcs->raw_code();
2499   unsigned int types;
2500   switch (opcode) {
2501     case Bytecodes::_invokeinterface:
2502       types = 1 << JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref;
2503       break;
2504     case Bytecodes::_invokedynamic:
2505       types = 1 << JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic;
2506       break;
2507     case Bytecodes::_invokespecial:
2508     case Bytecodes::_invokestatic:
2509       types = (_klass->major_version() < STATIC_METHOD_IN_INTERFACE_MAJOR_VERSION) ?
2510         (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref) :
2511         ((1 << JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref) | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref));
2512       break;
2513     default:
2514       types = 1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref;
2515   }
2516   verify_cp_type(bcs->bci(), index, cp, types, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2517 
2518   // Get method name and signature
2519   Symbol* method_name = cp->name_ref_at(index);
2520   Symbol* method_sig = cp->signature_ref_at(index);
2521 
2522   if (!SignatureVerifier::is_valid_method_signature(method_sig)) {
2523     class_format_error(
2524       "Invalid method signature in class %s referenced "
2525       "from constant pool index %d", _klass->external_name(), index);
2526     return;
2527   }
2528 
2529   // Get referenced class type
2530   VerificationType ref_class_type;
2531   if (opcode == Bytecodes::_invokedynamic) {
2532     if (_klass->major_version() < Verifier::INVOKEDYNAMIC_MAJOR_VERSION) {
2533       class_format_error(
2534         "invokedynamic instructions not supported by this class file version (%d), class %s",
2535         _klass->major_version(), _klass->external_name());
2536       return;
2537     }
2538   } else {
2539     ref_class_type = cp_ref_index_to_type(index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2540   }
2541 
2542   // For a small signature length, we just allocate 128 bytes instead
2543   // of parsing the signature once to find its size.
2544   // -3 is for '(', ')' and return descriptor; multiply by 2 is for
2545   // longs/doubles to be consertive.
2546   assert(sizeof(VerificationType) == sizeof(uintptr_t),
2547         "buffer type must match VerificationType size");
2548   uintptr_t on_stack_sig_types_buffer[128];
2549   // If we make a VerificationType[128] array directly, the compiler calls
2550   // to the c-runtime library to do the allocation instead of just
2551   // stack allocating it.  Plus it would run constructors.  This shows up
2552   // in performance profiles.
2553 
2554   VerificationType* sig_types;
2555   int size = (method_sig->utf8_length() - 3) * 2;
2556   if (size > 128) {
2557     // Long and double occupies two slots here.
2558     ArgumentSizeComputer size_it(method_sig);
2559     size = size_it.size();
2560     sig_types = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD, VerificationType, size);
2561   } else{
2562     sig_types = (VerificationType*)on_stack_sig_types_buffer;
2563   }
2564   SignatureStream sig_stream(method_sig);
2565   int sig_i = 0;
2566   while (!sig_stream.at_return_type()) {
2567     sig_i += change_sig_to_verificationType(
2568       &sig_stream, &sig_types[sig_i], CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2569     sig_stream.next();
2570   }
2571   int nargs = sig_i;
2572 
2573 #ifdef ASSERT
2574   {
2575     ArgumentSizeComputer size_it(method_sig);
2576     assert(nargs == size_it.size(), "Argument sizes do not match");
2577     assert(nargs <= (method_sig->utf8_length() - 3) * 2, "estimate of max size isn't conservative enough");
2578   }
2579 #endif
2580 
2581   // Check instruction operands
2582   u2 bci = bcs->bci();
2583   if (opcode == Bytecodes::_invokeinterface) {
2584     address bcp = bcs->bcp();
2585     // 4905268: count operand in invokeinterface should be nargs+1, not nargs.
2586     // JSR202 spec: The count operand of an invokeinterface instruction is valid if it is
2587     // the difference between the size of the operand stack before and after the instruction
2588     // executes.
2589     if (*(bcp+3) != (nargs+1)) {
2590       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2591           "Inconsistent args count operand in invokeinterface");
2592       return;
2593     }
2594     if (*(bcp+4) != 0) {
2595       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2596           "Fourth operand byte of invokeinterface must be zero");
2597       return;
2598     }
2599   }
2600 
2601   if (opcode == Bytecodes::_invokedynamic) {
2602     address bcp = bcs->bcp();
2603     if (*(bcp+3) != 0 || *(bcp+4) != 0) {
2604       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2605           "Third and fourth operand bytes of invokedynamic must be zero");
2606       return;
2607     }
2608   }
2609 
2610   if (method_name->byte_at(0) == '<') {
2611     // Make sure <init> can only be invoked by invokespecial
2612     if (opcode != Bytecodes::_invokespecial ||
2613         method_name != vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
2614       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2615           "Illegal call to internal method");
2616       return;
2617     }
2618   } else if (opcode == Bytecodes::_invokespecial
2619              && !is_same_or_direct_interface(current_class(), current_type(), ref_class_type)
2620              && !ref_class_type.equals(VerificationType::reference_type(
2621                   current_class()->super()->name()))) {
2622     bool subtype = false;
2623     bool have_imr_indirect = cp->tag_at(index).value() == JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref;
2624     if (!current_class()->is_anonymous()) {
2625       subtype = ref_class_type.is_assignable_from(
2626                  current_type(), this, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2627     } else {
2628       VerificationType host_klass_type =
2629                         VerificationType::reference_type(current_class()->host_klass()->name());
2630       subtype = ref_class_type.is_assignable_from(host_klass_type, this, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2631 
2632       // If invokespecial of IMR, need to recheck for same or
2633       // direct interface relative to the host class
2634       have_imr_indirect = (have_imr_indirect &&
2635                            !is_same_or_direct_interface(
2636                              InstanceKlass::cast(current_class()->host_klass()),
2637                              host_klass_type, ref_class_type));
2638     }
2639     if (!subtype) {
2640       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2641           "Bad invokespecial instruction: "
2642           "current class isn't assignable to reference class.");
2643        return;
2644     } else if (have_imr_indirect) {
2645       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2646           "Bad invokespecial instruction: "
2647           "interface method reference is in an indirect superinterface.");
2648       return;
2649     }
2650 
2651   }
2652   // Match method descriptor with operand stack
2653   for (int i = nargs - 1; i >= 0; i--) {  // Run backwards
2654     current_frame->pop_stack(sig_types[i], CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2655   }
2656   // Check objectref on operand stack
2657   if (opcode != Bytecodes::_invokestatic &&
2658       opcode != Bytecodes::_invokedynamic) {
2659     if (method_name == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {  // <init> method
2660       verify_invoke_init(bcs, index, ref_class_type, current_frame,
2661         code_length, this_uninit, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2662     } else {   // other methods
2663       // Ensures that target class is assignable to method class.
2664       if (opcode == Bytecodes::_invokespecial) {
2665         if (!current_class()->is_anonymous()) {
2666           current_frame->pop_stack(current_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2667         } else {
2668           // anonymous class invokespecial calls: check if the
2669           // objectref is a subtype of the host_klass of the current class
2670           // to allow an anonymous class to reference methods in the host_klass
2671           VerificationType top = current_frame->pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2672           VerificationType hosttype =
2673             VerificationType::reference_type(current_class()->host_klass()->name());
2674           bool subtype = hosttype.is_assignable_from(top, this, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2675           if (!subtype) {
2676             verify_error( ErrorContext::bad_type(current_frame->offset(),
2677               current_frame->stack_top_ctx(),
2678               TypeOrigin::implicit(top)),
2679               "Bad type on operand stack");
2680             return;
2681           }
2682         }
2683       } else if (opcode == Bytecodes::_invokevirtual) {
2684         VerificationType stack_object_type =
2685           current_frame->pop_stack(ref_class_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2686         if (current_type() != stack_object_type) {
2687           assert(cp->cache() == NULL, "not rewritten yet");
2688           Symbol* ref_class_name =
2689             cp->klass_name_at(cp->klass_ref_index_at(index));
2690           // See the comments in verify_field_instructions() for
2691           // the rationale behind this.
2692           if (name_in_supers(ref_class_name, current_class())) {
2693             Klass* ref_class = load_class(ref_class_name, CHECK);
2694             if (is_protected_access(
2695                   _klass, ref_class, method_name, method_sig, true)) {
2696               // It's protected access, check if stack object is
2697               // assignable to current class.
2698               bool is_assignable = current_type().is_assignable_from(
2699                 stack_object_type, this, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2700               if (!is_assignable) {
2701                 if (ref_class_type.name() == vmSymbols::java_lang_Object()
2702                     && stack_object_type.is_array()
2703                     && method_name == vmSymbols::clone_name()) {
2704                   // Special case: arrays pretend to implement public Object
2705                   // clone().
2706                 } else {
2707                   verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
2708                       current_frame->stack_top_ctx(),
2709                       TypeOrigin::implicit(current_type())),
2710                       "Bad access to protected data in invokevirtual");
2711                   return;
2712                 }
2713               }
2714             }
2715           }
2716         }
2717       } else {
2718         assert(opcode == Bytecodes::_invokeinterface, "Unexpected opcode encountered");
2719         current_frame->pop_stack(ref_class_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2720       }
2721     }
2722   }
2723   // Push the result type.
2724   if (sig_stream.type() != T_VOID) {
2725     if (method_name == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
2726       // <init> method must have a void return type
2727       /* Unreachable?  Class file parser verifies that methods with '<' have
2728        * void return */
2729       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2730           "Return type must be void in <init> method");
2731       return;
2732     }
2733     VerificationType return_type[2];
2734     int n = change_sig_to_verificationType(
2735       &sig_stream, return_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2736     for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
2737       current_frame->push_stack(return_type[i], CHECK_VERIFY(this)); // push types backwards
2738     }
2739   }
2740 }
2741 
2742 VerificationType ClassVerifier::get_newarray_type(
2743     u2 index, u2 bci, TRAPS) {
2744   const char* from_bt[] = {
2745     NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, "[Z", "[C", "[F", "[D", "[B", "[S", "[I", "[J",
2746   };
2747   if (index < T_BOOLEAN || index > T_LONG) {
2748     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci), "Illegal newarray instruction");
2749     return VerificationType::bogus_type();
2750   }
2751 
2752   // from_bt[index] contains the array signature which has a length of 2
2753   Symbol* sig = create_temporary_symbol(
2754     from_bt[index], 2, CHECK_(VerificationType::bogus_type()));
2755   return VerificationType::reference_type(sig);
2756 }
2757 
2758 void ClassVerifier::verify_anewarray(
2759     u2 bci, u2 index, constantPoolHandle cp,
2760     StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
2761   verify_cp_class_type(bci, index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2762   current_frame->pop_stack(
2763     VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2764 
2765   VerificationType component_type =
2766     cp_index_to_type(index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2767   int length;
2768   char* arr_sig_str;
2769   if (component_type.is_array()) {     // it's an array
2770     const char* component_name = component_type.name()->as_utf8();
2771     // add one dimension to component
2772     length = (int)strlen(component_name) + 1;
2773     arr_sig_str = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD, char, length);
2774     arr_sig_str[0] = '[';
2775     strncpy(&arr_sig_str[1], component_name, length - 1);
2776   } else {         // it's an object or interface
2777     const char* component_name = component_type.name()->as_utf8();
2778     // add one dimension to component with 'L' prepended and ';' postpended.
2779     length = (int)strlen(component_name) + 3;
2780     arr_sig_str = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD, char, length);
2781     arr_sig_str[0] = '[';
2782     arr_sig_str[1] = 'L';
2783     strncpy(&arr_sig_str[2], component_name, length - 2);
2784     arr_sig_str[length - 1] = ';';
2785   }
2786   Symbol* arr_sig = create_temporary_symbol(
2787     arr_sig_str, length, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2788   VerificationType new_array_type = VerificationType::reference_type(arr_sig);
2789   current_frame->push_stack(new_array_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2790 }
2791 
2792 void ClassVerifier::verify_iload(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
2793   current_frame->get_local(
2794     index, VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2795   current_frame->push_stack(
2796     VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2797 }
2798 
2799 void ClassVerifier::verify_lload(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
2800   current_frame->get_local_2(
2801     index, VerificationType::long_type(),
2802     VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2803   current_frame->push_stack_2(
2804     VerificationType::long_type(),
2805     VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2806 }
2807 
2808 void ClassVerifier::verify_fload(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
2809   current_frame->get_local(
2810     index, VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2811   current_frame->push_stack(
2812     VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2813 }
2814 
2815 void ClassVerifier::verify_dload(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
2816   current_frame->get_local_2(
2817     index, VerificationType::double_type(),
2818     VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2819   current_frame->push_stack_2(
2820     VerificationType::double_type(),
2821     VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2822 }
2823 
2824 void ClassVerifier::verify_aload(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
2825   VerificationType type = current_frame->get_local(
2826     index, VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2827   current_frame->push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2828 }
2829 
2830 void ClassVerifier::verify_istore(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
2831   current_frame->pop_stack(
2832     VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2833   current_frame->set_local(
2834     index, VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2835 }
2836 
2837 void ClassVerifier::verify_lstore(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
2838   current_frame->pop_stack_2(
2839     VerificationType::long2_type(),
2840     VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2841   current_frame->set_local_2(
2842     index, VerificationType::long_type(),
2843     VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2844 }
2845 
2846 void ClassVerifier::verify_fstore(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
2847   current_frame->pop_stack(VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2848   current_frame->set_local(
2849     index, VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2850 }
2851 
2852 void ClassVerifier::verify_dstore(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
2853   current_frame->pop_stack_2(
2854     VerificationType::double2_type(),
2855     VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2856   current_frame->set_local_2(
2857     index, VerificationType::double_type(),
2858     VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2859 }
2860 
2861 void ClassVerifier::verify_astore(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
2862   VerificationType type = current_frame->pop_stack(
2863     VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2864   current_frame->set_local(index, type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2865 }
2866 
2867 void ClassVerifier::verify_iinc(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
2868   VerificationType type = current_frame->get_local(
2869     index, VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2870   current_frame->set_local(index, type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2871 }
2872 
2873 void ClassVerifier::verify_return_value(
2874     VerificationType return_type, VerificationType type, u2 bci,
2875     StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
2876   if (return_type == VerificationType::bogus_type()) {
2877     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
2878         current_frame->stack_top_ctx(), TypeOrigin::signature(return_type)),
2879         "Method expects a return value");
2880     return;
2881   }
2882   bool match = return_type.is_assignable_from(type, this, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2883   if (!match) {
2884     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
2885         current_frame->stack_top_ctx(), TypeOrigin::signature(return_type)),
2886         "Bad return type");
2887     return;
2888   }
2889 }
2890 
2891 // The verifier creates symbols which are substrings of Symbols.
2892 // These are stored in the verifier until the end of verification so that
2893 // they can be reference counted.
2894 Symbol* ClassVerifier::create_temporary_symbol(const Symbol *s, int begin,
2895                                                int end, TRAPS) {
2896   Symbol* sym = SymbolTable::new_symbol(s, begin, end, CHECK_NULL);
2897   _symbols->push(sym);
2898   return sym;
2899 }
2900 
2901 Symbol* ClassVerifier::create_temporary_symbol(const char *s, int length, TRAPS) {
2902   Symbol* sym = SymbolTable::new_symbol(s, length, CHECK_NULL);
2903   _symbols->push(sym);
2904   return sym;
2905 }