1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "jvm.h"
  27 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/metadataOnStackMark.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  33 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
  34 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  35 #include "memory/heapInspection.hpp"
  36 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
  37 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
  38 #include "memory/metaspaceShared.hpp"
  39 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  40 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  41 #include "oops/array.inline.hpp"
  42 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
  43 #include "oops/cpCache.inline.hpp"
  44 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  45 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
  46 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  47 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  48 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/fieldType.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
  51 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
  53 #include "runtime/vframe.hpp"
  54 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
  55 
  56 constantTag ConstantPool::tag_at(int which) const { return (constantTag)tags()->at_acquire(which); }
  57 
  58 void ConstantPool::release_tag_at_put(int which, jbyte t) { tags()->release_at_put(which, t); }
  59 
  60 ConstantPool* ConstantPool::allocate(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int length, TRAPS) {
  61   Array<u1>* tags = MetadataFactory::new_array<u1>(loader_data, length, 0, CHECK_NULL);
  62   int size = ConstantPool::size(length);
  63   return new (loader_data, size, MetaspaceObj::ConstantPoolType, THREAD) ConstantPool(tags);
  64 }
  65 
  66 #ifdef ASSERT
  67 
  68 // MetaspaceObj allocation invariant is calloc equivalent memory
  69 // simple verification of this here (JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid == 0 )
  70 static bool tag_array_is_zero_initialized(Array<u1>* tags) {
  71   assert(tags != NULL, "invariant");
  72   const int length = tags->length();
  73   for (int index = 0; index < length; ++index) {
  74     if (JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid != tags->at(index)) {
  75       return false;
  76     }
  77   }
  78   return true;
  79 }
  80 
  81 #endif
  82 
  83 ConstantPool::ConstantPool(Array<u1>* tags) :
  84   _tags(tags),
  85   _length(tags->length()) {
  86 
  87     assert(_tags != NULL, "invariant");
  88     assert(tags->length() == _length, "invariant");
  89     assert(tag_array_is_zero_initialized(tags), "invariant");
  90     assert(0 == flags(), "invariant");
  91     assert(0 == version(), "invariant");
  92     assert(NULL == _pool_holder, "invariant");
  93 }
  94 
  95 void ConstantPool::deallocate_contents(ClassLoaderData* loader_data) {
  96   if (cache() != NULL) {
  97     MetadataFactory::free_metadata(loader_data, cache());
  98     set_cache(NULL);
  99   }
 100 
 101   MetadataFactory::free_array<Klass*>(loader_data, resolved_klasses());
 102   set_resolved_klasses(NULL);
 103 
 104   MetadataFactory::free_array<jushort>(loader_data, operands());
 105   set_operands(NULL);
 106 
 107   release_C_heap_structures();
 108 
 109   // free tag array
 110   MetadataFactory::free_array<u1>(loader_data, tags());
 111   set_tags(NULL);
 112 }
 113 
 114 void ConstantPool::release_C_heap_structures() {
 115   // walk constant pool and decrement symbol reference counts
 116   unreference_symbols();
 117 }
 118 
 119 void ConstantPool::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
 120   log_trace(cds)("Iter(ConstantPool): %p", this);
 121 
 122   it->push(&_tags, MetaspaceClosure::_writable);
 123   it->push(&_cache);
 124   it->push(&_pool_holder);
 125   it->push(&_operands);
 126   it->push(&_resolved_klasses, MetaspaceClosure::_writable);
 127 
 128   for (int i = 0; i < length(); i++) {
 129     // The only MSO's embedded in the CP entries are Symbols:
 130     //   JVM_CONSTANT_String (normal and pseudo)
 131     //   JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8
 132     constantTag ctag = tag_at(i);
 133     if (ctag.is_string() || ctag.is_utf8()) {
 134       it->push(symbol_at_addr(i));
 135     }
 136   }
 137 }
 138 
 139 objArrayOop ConstantPool::resolved_references() const {
 140   return (objArrayOop)_cache->resolved_references();
 141 }
 142 
 143 // Called from outside constant pool resolution where a resolved_reference array
 144 // may not be present.
 145 objArrayOop ConstantPool::resolved_references_or_null() const {
 146   if (_cache == NULL) {
 147     return NULL;
 148   } else {
 149     return (objArrayOop)_cache->resolved_references();
 150   }
 151 }
 152 
 153 // Create resolved_references array and mapping array for original cp indexes
 154 // The ldc bytecode was rewritten to have the resolved reference array index so need a way
 155 // to map it back for resolving and some unlikely miscellaneous uses.
 156 // The objects created by invokedynamic are appended to this list.
 157 void ConstantPool::initialize_resolved_references(ClassLoaderData* loader_data,
 158                                                   const intStack& reference_map,
 159                                                   int constant_pool_map_length,
 160                                                   TRAPS) {
 161   // Initialized the resolved object cache.
 162   int map_length = reference_map.length();
 163   if (map_length > 0) {
 164     // Only need mapping back to constant pool entries.  The map isn't used for
 165     // invokedynamic resolved_reference entries.  For invokedynamic entries,
 166     // the constant pool cache index has the mapping back to both the constant
 167     // pool and to the resolved reference index.
 168     if (constant_pool_map_length > 0) {
 169       Array<u2>* om = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, constant_pool_map_length, CHECK);
 170 
 171       for (int i = 0; i < constant_pool_map_length; i++) {
 172         int x = reference_map.at(i);
 173         assert(x == (int)(jushort) x, "klass index is too big");
 174         om->at_put(i, (jushort)x);
 175       }
 176       set_reference_map(om);
 177     }
 178 
 179     // Create Java array for holding resolved strings, methodHandles,
 180     // methodTypes, invokedynamic and invokehandle appendix objects, etc.
 181     objArrayOop stom = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), map_length, CHECK);
 182     Handle refs_handle (THREAD, (oop)stom);  // must handleize.
 183     set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 184   }
 185 }
 186 
 187 void ConstantPool::allocate_resolved_klasses(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int num_klasses, TRAPS) {
 188   // A ConstantPool can't possibly have 0xffff valid class entries,
 189   // because entry #0 must be CONSTANT_Invalid, and each class entry must refer to a UTF8
 190   // entry for the class's name. So at most we will have 0xfffe class entries.
 191   // This allows us to use 0xffff (ConstantPool::_temp_resolved_klass_index) to indicate
 192   // UnresolvedKlass entries that are temporarily created during class redefinition.
 193   assert(num_klasses < CPKlassSlot::_temp_resolved_klass_index, "sanity");
 194   assert(resolved_klasses() == NULL, "sanity");
 195   Array<Klass*>* rk = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(loader_data, num_klasses, CHECK);
 196   set_resolved_klasses(rk);
 197 }
 198 
 199 void ConstantPool::initialize_unresolved_klasses(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, TRAPS) {
 200   int len = length();
 201   int num_klasses = 0;
 202   for (int i = 1; i <len; i++) {
 203     switch (tag_at(i).value()) {
 204     case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
 205       {
 206         const int class_index = klass_index_at(i);
 207         unresolved_klass_at_put(i, class_index, num_klasses++);
 208       }
 209       break;
 210 #ifndef PRODUCT
 211     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 212     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 213     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
 214       // All of these should have been reverted back to ClassIndex before calling
 215       // this function.
 216       ShouldNotReachHere();
 217 #endif
 218     }
 219   }
 220   allocate_resolved_klasses(loader_data, num_klasses, THREAD);
 221 }
 222 
 223 // Anonymous class support:
 224 void ConstantPool::klass_at_put(int class_index, int name_index, int resolved_klass_index, Klass* k, Symbol* name) {
 225   assert(is_within_bounds(class_index), "index out of bounds");
 226   assert(is_within_bounds(name_index), "index out of bounds");
 227   assert((resolved_klass_index & 0xffff0000) == 0, "must be");
 228   *int_at_addr(class_index) =
 229     build_int_from_shorts((jushort)resolved_klass_index, (jushort)name_index);
 230 
 231   symbol_at_put(name_index, name);
 232   name->increment_refcount();
 233   Klass** adr = resolved_klasses()->adr_at(resolved_klass_index);
 234   OrderAccess::release_store(adr, k);
 235 
 236   // The interpreter assumes when the tag is stored, the klass is resolved
 237   // and the Klass* non-NULL, so we need hardware store ordering here.
 238   if (k != NULL) {
 239     release_tag_at_put(class_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
 240   } else {
 241     release_tag_at_put(class_index, JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass);
 242   }
 243 }
 244 
 245 // Anonymous class support:
 246 void ConstantPool::klass_at_put(int class_index, Klass* k) {
 247   assert(k != NULL, "must be valid klass");
 248   CPKlassSlot kslot = klass_slot_at(class_index);
 249   int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 250   Klass** adr = resolved_klasses()->adr_at(resolved_klass_index);
 251   OrderAccess::release_store(adr, k);
 252 
 253   // The interpreter assumes when the tag is stored, the klass is resolved
 254   // and the Klass* non-NULL, so we need hardware store ordering here.
 255   release_tag_at_put(class_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
 256 }
 257 
 258 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 259 // Archive the resolved references
 260 void ConstantPool::archive_resolved_references(Thread* THREAD) {
 261   if (_cache == NULL) {
 262     return; // nothing to do
 263   }
 264 
 265   InstanceKlass *ik = pool_holder();
 266   if (!(ik->is_shared_boot_class() || ik->is_shared_platform_class() ||
 267         ik->is_shared_app_class())) {
 268     // Archiving resolved references for classes from non-builtin loaders
 269     // is not yet supported.
 270     set_resolved_references(NULL);
 271     return;
 272   }
 273 
 274   objArrayOop rr = resolved_references();
 275   Array<u2>* ref_map = reference_map();
 276   if (rr != NULL) {
 277     int ref_map_len = ref_map == NULL ? 0 : ref_map->length();
 278     int rr_len = rr->length();
 279     for (int i = 0; i < rr_len; i++) {
 280       oop p = rr->obj_at(i);
 281       rr->obj_at_put(i, NULL);
 282       if (p != NULL && i < ref_map_len) {
 283         int index = object_to_cp_index(i);
 284         // Skip the entry if the string hash code is 0 since the string
 285         // is not included in the shared string_table, see StringTable::copy_shared_string.
 286         if (tag_at(index).is_string() && java_lang_String::hash_code(p) != 0) {
 287           oop op = StringTable::create_archived_string(p, THREAD);
 288           // If the String object is not archived (possibly too large),
 289           // NULL is returned. Also set it in the array, so we won't
 290           // have a 'bad' reference in the archived resolved_reference
 291           // array.
 292           rr->obj_at_put(i, op);
 293         }
 294       }
 295     }
 296 
 297     oop archived = MetaspaceShared::archive_heap_object(rr, THREAD);
 298     _cache->set_archived_references(archived);
 299     set_resolved_references(NULL);
 300   }
 301 }
 302 
 303 void ConstantPool::resolve_class_constants(TRAPS) {
 304   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "used during dump time only");
 305   // The _cache may be NULL if the _pool_holder klass fails verification
 306   // at dump time due to missing dependencies.
 307   if (cache() == NULL || reference_map() == NULL) {
 308     return; // nothing to do
 309   }
 310 
 311   constantPoolHandle cp(THREAD, this);
 312   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 313     if (tag_at(index).is_string() && !cp->is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
 314       int cache_index = cp->cp_to_object_index(index);
 315       string_at_impl(cp, index, cache_index, CHECK);
 316     }
 317   }
 318 }
 319 #endif
 320 
 321 // CDS support. Create a new resolved_references array.
 322 void ConstantPool::restore_unshareable_info(TRAPS) {
 323   assert(is_constantPool(), "ensure C++ vtable is restored");
 324   assert(on_stack(), "should always be set for shared constant pools");
 325   assert(is_shared(), "should always be set for shared constant pools");
 326   assert(_cache != NULL, "constant pool _cache should not be NULL");
 327 
 328   // Only create the new resolved references array if it hasn't been attempted before
 329   if (resolved_references() != NULL) return;
 330 
 331   // restore the C++ vtable from the shared archive
 332   restore_vtable();
 333 
 334   if (SystemDictionary::Object_klass_loaded()) {
 335     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
 336 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 337     if (MetaspaceShared::open_archive_heap_region_mapped() &&
 338         _cache->archived_references() != NULL) {
 339       oop archived = _cache->archived_references();
 340       // Create handle for the archived resolved reference array object
 341       Handle refs_handle(THREAD, archived);
 342       set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 343     } else
 344 #endif
 345     {
 346       // No mapped archived resolved reference array
 347       // Recreate the object array and add to ClassLoaderData.
 348       int map_length = resolved_reference_length();
 349       if (map_length > 0) {
 350         objArrayOop stom = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), map_length, CHECK);
 351         Handle refs_handle(THREAD, (oop)stom);  // must handleize.
 352         set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 353       }
 354     }
 355   }
 356 }
 357 
 358 void ConstantPool::remove_unshareable_info() {
 359   // Resolved references are not in the shared archive.
 360   // Save the length for restoration.  It is not necessarily the same length
 361   // as reference_map.length() if invokedynamic is saved. It is needed when
 362   // re-creating the resolved reference array if archived heap data cannot be map
 363   // at runtime.
 364   set_resolved_reference_length(
 365     resolved_references() != NULL ? resolved_references()->length() : 0);
 366 
 367   // If archiving heap objects is not allowed, clear the resolved references.
 368   // Otherwise, it is cleared after the resolved references array is cached
 369   // (see archive_resolved_references()).
 370   if (!MetaspaceShared::is_heap_object_archiving_allowed()) {
 371     set_resolved_references(NULL);
 372   }
 373 
 374   // Shared ConstantPools are in the RO region, so the _flags cannot be modified.
 375   // The _on_stack flag is used to prevent ConstantPools from deallocation during
 376   // class redefinition. Since shared ConstantPools cannot be deallocated anyway,
 377   // we always set _on_stack to true to avoid having to change _flags during runtime.
 378   _flags |= (_on_stack | _is_shared);
 379   int num_klasses = 0;
 380   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 381     assert(!tag_at(index).is_unresolved_klass_in_error(), "This must not happen during dump time");
 382     if (tag_at(index).is_klass()) {
 383       // This class was resolved as a side effect of executing Java code
 384       // during dump time. We need to restore it back to an UnresolvedClass,
 385       // so that the proper class loading and initialization can happen
 386       // at runtime.
 387       CPKlassSlot kslot = klass_slot_at(index);
 388       int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 389       int name_index = kslot.name_index();
 390       assert(tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
 391       resolved_klasses()->at_put(resolved_klass_index, NULL);
 392       tag_at_put(index, JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass);
 393       assert(klass_name_at(index) == symbol_at(name_index), "sanity");
 394     }
 395   }
 396   if (cache() != NULL) {
 397     cache()->remove_unshareable_info();
 398   }
 399 }
 400 
 401 int ConstantPool::cp_to_object_index(int cp_index) {
 402   // this is harder don't do this so much.
 403   int i = reference_map()->find(cp_index);
 404   // We might not find the index for jsr292 call.
 405   return (i < 0) ? _no_index_sentinel : i;
 406 }
 407 
 408 void ConstantPool::string_at_put(int which, int obj_index, oop str) {
 409   resolved_references()->obj_at_put(obj_index, str);
 410 }
 411 
 412 void ConstantPool::trace_class_resolution(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, Klass* k) {
 413   ResourceMark rm;
 414   int line_number = -1;
 415   const char * source_file = NULL;
 416   if (JavaThread::current()->has_last_Java_frame()) {
 417     // try to identify the method which called this function.
 418     vframeStream vfst(JavaThread::current());
 419     if (!vfst.at_end()) {
 420       line_number = vfst.method()->line_number_from_bci(vfst.bci());
 421       Symbol* s = vfst.method()->method_holder()->source_file_name();
 422       if (s != NULL) {
 423         source_file = s->as_C_string();
 424       }
 425     }
 426   }
 427   if (k != this_cp->pool_holder()) {
 428     // only print something if the classes are different
 429     if (source_file != NULL) {
 430       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s %s:%d",
 431                  this_cp->pool_holder()->external_name(),
 432                  k->external_name(), source_file, line_number);
 433     } else {
 434       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s",
 435                  this_cp->pool_holder()->external_name(),
 436                  k->external_name());
 437     }
 438   }
 439 }
 440 
 441 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which,
 442                                    bool save_resolution_error, TRAPS) {
 443   assert(THREAD->is_Java_thread(), "must be a Java thread");
 444 
 445   // A resolved constantPool entry will contain a Klass*, otherwise a Symbol*.
 446   // It is not safe to rely on the tag bit's here, since we don't have a lock, and
 447   // the entry and tag is not updated atomicly.
 448   CPKlassSlot kslot = this_cp->klass_slot_at(which);
 449   int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 450   int name_index = kslot.name_index();
 451   assert(this_cp->tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
 452 
 453   Klass* klass = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
 454   if (klass != NULL) {
 455     return klass;
 456   }
 457 
 458   // This tag doesn't change back to unresolved class unless at a safepoint.
 459   if (this_cp->tag_at(which).is_unresolved_klass_in_error()) {
 460     // The original attempt to resolve this constant pool entry failed so find the
 461     // class of the original error and throw another error of the same class
 462     // (JVMS 5.4.3).
 463     // If there is a detail message, pass that detail message to the error.
 464     // The JVMS does not strictly require us to duplicate the same detail message,
 465     // or any internal exception fields such as cause or stacktrace.  But since the
 466     // detail message is often a class name or other literal string, we will repeat it
 467     // if we can find it in the symbol table.
 468     throw_resolution_error(this_cp, which, CHECK_0);
 469     ShouldNotReachHere();
 470   }
 471 
 472   Handle mirror_handle;
 473   Symbol* name = this_cp->symbol_at(name_index);
 474   Handle loader (THREAD, this_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader());
 475   Handle protection_domain (THREAD, this_cp->pool_holder()->protection_domain());
 476   Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(name, loader, protection_domain, true, THREAD);
 477   if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 478     // preserve the resolved klass from unloading
 479     mirror_handle = Handle(THREAD, k->java_mirror());
 480     // Do access check for klasses
 481     verify_constant_pool_resolve(this_cp, k, THREAD);
 482   }
 483 
 484   // Failed to resolve class. We must record the errors so that subsequent attempts
 485   // to resolve this constant pool entry fail with the same error (JVMS 5.4.3).
 486   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 487     if (save_resolution_error) {
 488       save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, which, constantTag(JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass), CHECK_NULL);
 489       // If CHECK_NULL above doesn't return the exception, that means that
 490       // some other thread has beaten us and has resolved the class.
 491       // To preserve old behavior, we return the resolved class.
 492       klass = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
 493       assert(klass != NULL, "must be resolved if exception was cleared");
 494       return klass;
 495     } else {
 496       return NULL;  // return the pending exception
 497     }
 498   }
 499 
 500   // Make this class loader depend upon the class loader owning the class reference
 501   ClassLoaderData* this_key = this_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
 502   this_key->record_dependency(k, CHECK_NULL); // Can throw OOM
 503 
 504   // logging for class+resolve.
 505   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve)){
 506     trace_class_resolution(this_cp, k);
 507   }
 508   Klass** adr = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->adr_at(resolved_klass_index);
 509   OrderAccess::release_store(adr, k);
 510   // The interpreter assumes when the tag is stored, the klass is resolved
 511   // and the Klass* stored in _resolved_klasses is non-NULL, so we need
 512   // hardware store ordering here.
 513   this_cp->release_tag_at_put(which, JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
 514   return k;
 515 }
 516 
 517 
 518 // Does not update ConstantPool* - to avoid any exception throwing. Used
 519 // by compiler and exception handling.  Also used to avoid classloads for
 520 // instanceof operations. Returns NULL if the class has not been loaded or
 521 // if the verification of constant pool failed
 522 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which) {
 523   CPKlassSlot kslot = this_cp->klass_slot_at(which);
 524   int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 525   int name_index = kslot.name_index();
 526   assert(this_cp->tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
 527 
 528   Klass* k = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
 529   if (k != NULL) {
 530     return k;
 531   } else {
 532     Thread *thread = Thread::current();
 533     Symbol* name = this_cp->symbol_at(name_index);
 534     oop loader = this_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader();
 535     oop protection_domain = this_cp->pool_holder()->protection_domain();
 536     Handle h_prot (thread, protection_domain);
 537     Handle h_loader (thread, loader);
 538     Klass* k = SystemDictionary::find(name, h_loader, h_prot, thread);
 539 
 540     if (k != NULL) {
 541       // Make sure that resolving is legal
 542       EXCEPTION_MARK;
 543       // return NULL if verification fails
 544       verify_constant_pool_resolve(this_cp, k, THREAD);
 545       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 546         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 547         return NULL;
 548       }
 549       return k;
 550     } else {
 551       return k;
 552     }
 553   }
 554 }
 555 
 556 Method* ConstantPool::method_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool,
 557                                                    int which) {
 558   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 559   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 560   if (!(cache_index >= 0 && cache_index < cpool->cache()->length())) {
 561     // FIXME: should be an assert
 562     log_debug(class, resolve)("bad operand %d in:", which); cpool->print();
 563     return NULL;
 564   }
 565   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 566   return e->method_if_resolved(cpool);
 567 }
 568 
 569 
 570 bool ConstantPool::has_appendix_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 571   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return false;  // nothing to load yet
 572   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 573   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 574   return e->has_appendix();
 575 }
 576 
 577 oop ConstantPool::appendix_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 578   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 579   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 580   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 581   return e->appendix_if_resolved(cpool);
 582 }
 583 
 584 
 585 bool ConstantPool::has_method_type_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 586   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return false;  // nothing to load yet
 587   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 588   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 589   return e->has_method_type();
 590 }
 591 
 592 oop ConstantPool::method_type_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 593   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 594   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 595   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 596   return e->method_type_if_resolved(cpool);
 597 }
 598 
 599 
 600 Symbol* ConstantPool::impl_name_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 601   int name_index = name_ref_index_at(impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which, uncached));
 602   return symbol_at(name_index);
 603 }
 604 
 605 
 606 Symbol* ConstantPool::impl_signature_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 607   int signature_index = signature_ref_index_at(impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which, uncached));
 608   return symbol_at(signature_index);
 609 }
 610 
 611 int ConstantPool::impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 612   int i = which;
 613   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 614     if (ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which)) {
 615       // Invokedynamic index is index into the constant pool cache
 616       int pool_index = invokedynamic_cp_cache_entry_at(which)->constant_pool_index();
 617       pool_index = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(pool_index);
 618       assert(tag_at(pool_index).is_name_and_type(), "");
 619       return pool_index;
 620     }
 621     // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 622     i = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 623   } else {
 624     if (tag_at(which).is_invoke_dynamic() ||
 625         tag_at(which).is_dynamic_constant() ||
 626         tag_at(which).is_dynamic_constant_in_error()) {
 627       int pool_index = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which);
 628       assert(tag_at(pool_index).is_name_and_type(), "");
 629       return pool_index;
 630     }
 631   }
 632   assert(tag_at(i).is_field_or_method(), "Corrupted constant pool");
 633   assert(!tag_at(i).is_invoke_dynamic() &&
 634          !tag_at(i).is_dynamic_constant() &&
 635          !tag_at(i).is_dynamic_constant_in_error(), "Must be handled above");
 636   jint ref_index = *int_at_addr(i);
 637   return extract_high_short_from_int(ref_index);
 638 }
 639 
 640 constantTag ConstantPool::impl_tag_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 641   int pool_index = which;
 642   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 643     if (ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which)) {
 644       // Invokedynamic index is index into resolved_references
 645       pool_index = invokedynamic_cp_cache_entry_at(which)->constant_pool_index();
 646     } else {
 647       // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 648       pool_index = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 649     }
 650   }
 651   return tag_at(pool_index);
 652 }
 653 
 654 int ConstantPool::impl_klass_ref_index_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 655   guarantee(!ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which),
 656             "an invokedynamic instruction does not have a klass");
 657   int i = which;
 658   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 659     // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 660     i = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 661   }
 662   assert(tag_at(i).is_field_or_method(), "Corrupted constant pool");
 663   jint ref_index = *int_at_addr(i);
 664   return extract_low_short_from_int(ref_index);
 665 }
 666 
 667 
 668 
 669 int ConstantPool::remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(int operand) {
 670   int cpc_index = operand;
 671   DEBUG_ONLY(cpc_index -= CPCACHE_INDEX_TAG);
 672   assert((int)(u2)cpc_index == cpc_index, "clean u2");
 673   int member_index = cache()->entry_at(cpc_index)->constant_pool_index();
 674   return member_index;
 675 }
 676 
 677 
 678 void ConstantPool::verify_constant_pool_resolve(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, Klass* k, TRAPS) {
 679   if (!(k->is_instance_klass() || k->is_objArray_klass())) {
 680     return;  // short cut, typeArray klass is always accessible
 681   }
 682   Klass* holder = this_cp->pool_holder();
 683   bool fold_type_to_class = true;
 684   LinkResolver::check_klass_accessability(holder, k, fold_type_to_class, CHECK);
 685 }
 686 
 687 
 688 int ConstantPool::name_ref_index_at(int which_nt) {
 689   jint ref_index = name_and_type_at(which_nt);
 690   return extract_low_short_from_int(ref_index);
 691 }
 692 
 693 
 694 int ConstantPool::signature_ref_index_at(int which_nt) {
 695   jint ref_index = name_and_type_at(which_nt);
 696   return extract_high_short_from_int(ref_index);
 697 }
 698 
 699 
 700 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_ref_at(int which, TRAPS) {
 701   return klass_at(klass_ref_index_at(which), THREAD);
 702 }
 703 
 704 Symbol* ConstantPool::klass_name_at(int which) const {
 705   return symbol_at(klass_slot_at(which).name_index());
 706 }
 707 
 708 Symbol* ConstantPool::klass_ref_at_noresolve(int which) {
 709   jint ref_index = klass_ref_index_at(which);
 710   return klass_at_noresolve(ref_index);
 711 }
 712 
 713 Symbol* ConstantPool::uncached_klass_ref_at_noresolve(int which) {
 714   jint ref_index = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(which);
 715   return klass_at_noresolve(ref_index);
 716 }
 717 
 718 char* ConstantPool::string_at_noresolve(int which) {
 719   return unresolved_string_at(which)->as_C_string();
 720 }
 721 
 722 BasicType ConstantPool::basic_type_for_signature_at(int which) const {
 723   return FieldType::basic_type(symbol_at(which));
 724 }
 725 
 726 
 727 void ConstantPool::resolve_string_constants_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, TRAPS) {
 728   for (int index = 1; index < this_cp->length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 729     if (this_cp->tag_at(index).is_string()) {
 730       this_cp->string_at(index, CHECK);
 731     }
 732   }
 733 }
 734 
 735 Symbol* ConstantPool::exception_message(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, constantTag tag, oop pending_exception) {
 736   // Dig out the detailed message to reuse if possible
 737   Symbol* message = java_lang_Throwable::detail_message(pending_exception);
 738   if (message != NULL) {
 739     return message;
 740   }
 741 
 742   // Return specific message for the tag
 743   switch (tag.value()) {
 744   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 745     // return the class name in the error message
 746     message = this_cp->klass_name_at(which);
 747     break;
 748   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
 749     // return the method handle name in the error message
 750     message = this_cp->method_handle_name_ref_at(which);
 751     break;
 752   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
 753     // return the method type signature in the error message
 754     message = this_cp->method_type_signature_at(which);
 755     break;
 756   default:
 757     ShouldNotReachHere();
 758   }
 759 
 760   return message;
 761 }
 762 
 763 void ConstantPool::throw_resolution_error(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, TRAPS) {
 764   Symbol* message = NULL;
 765   Symbol* error = SystemDictionary::find_resolution_error(this_cp, which, &message);
 766   assert(error != NULL && message != NULL, "checking");
 767   CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 768   ResourceMark rm;
 769   THROW_MSG(error, message->as_C_string());
 770 }
 771 
 772 // If resolution for Class, Dynamic constant, MethodHandle or MethodType fails, save the
 773 // exception in the resolution error table, so that the same exception is thrown again.
 774 void ConstantPool::save_and_throw_exception(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which,
 775                                             constantTag tag, TRAPS) {
 776   Symbol* error = PENDING_EXCEPTION->klass()->name();
 777 
 778   int error_tag = tag.error_value();
 779 
 780   if (!PENDING_EXCEPTION->
 781     is_a(SystemDictionary::LinkageError_klass())) {
 782     // Just throw the exception and don't prevent these classes from
 783     // being loaded due to virtual machine errors like StackOverflow
 784     // and OutOfMemoryError, etc, or if the thread was hit by stop()
 785     // Needs clarification to section 5.4.3 of the VM spec (see 6308271)
 786   } else if (this_cp->tag_at(which).value() != error_tag) {
 787     Symbol* message = exception_message(this_cp, which, tag, PENDING_EXCEPTION);
 788     SystemDictionary::add_resolution_error(this_cp, which, error, message);
 789     // CAS in the tag.  If a thread beat us to registering this error that's fine.
 790     // If another thread resolved the reference, this is a race condition. This
 791     // thread may have had a security manager or something temporary.
 792     // This doesn't deterministically get an error.   So why do we save this?
 793     // We save this because jvmti can add classes to the bootclass path after
 794     // this error, so it needs to get the same error if the error is first.
 795     jbyte old_tag = Atomic::cmpxchg((jbyte)error_tag,
 796                             (jbyte*)this_cp->tag_addr_at(which), (jbyte)tag.value());
 797     if (old_tag != error_tag && old_tag != tag.value()) {
 798       // MethodHandles and MethodType doesn't change to resolved version.
 799       assert(this_cp->tag_at(which).is_klass(), "Wrong tag value");
 800       // Forget the exception and use the resolved class.
 801       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 802     }
 803   } else {
 804     // some other thread put this in error state
 805     throw_resolution_error(this_cp, which, CHECK);
 806   }
 807 }
 808 
 809 BasicType ConstantPool::basic_type_for_constant_at(int which) {
 810   constantTag tag = tag_at(which);
 811   if (tag.is_dynamic_constant() ||
 812       tag.is_dynamic_constant_in_error()) {
 813     // have to look at the signature for this one
 814     Symbol* constant_type = uncached_signature_ref_at(which);
 815     return FieldType::basic_type(constant_type);
 816   }
 817   return tag.basic_type();
 818 }
 819 
 820 // Called to resolve constants in the constant pool and return an oop.
 821 // Some constant pool entries cache their resolved oop. This is also
 822 // called to create oops from constants to use in arguments for invokedynamic
 823 oop ConstantPool::resolve_constant_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp,
 824                                            int index, int cache_index,
 825                                            bool* status_return, TRAPS) {
 826   oop result_oop = NULL;
 827   Handle throw_exception;
 828 
 829   if (cache_index == _possible_index_sentinel) {
 830     // It is possible that this constant is one which is cached in the objects.
 831     // We'll do a linear search.  This should be OK because this usage is rare.
 832     // FIXME: If bootstrap specifiers stress this code, consider putting in
 833     // a reverse index.  Binary search over a short array should do it.
 834     assert(index > 0, "valid index");
 835     cache_index = this_cp->cp_to_object_index(index);
 836   }
 837   assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel || cache_index >= 0, "");
 838   assert(index == _no_index_sentinel || index >= 0, "");
 839 
 840   if (cache_index >= 0) {
 841     result_oop = this_cp->resolved_references()->obj_at(cache_index);
 842     if (result_oop != NULL) {
 843       if (result_oop == Universe::the_null_sentinel()) {
 844         DEBUG_ONLY(int temp_index = (index >= 0 ? index : this_cp->object_to_cp_index(cache_index)));
 845         assert(this_cp->tag_at(temp_index).is_dynamic_constant(), "only condy uses the null sentinel");
 846         result_oop = NULL;
 847       }
 848       if (status_return != NULL)  (*status_return) = true;
 849       return result_oop;
 850       // That was easy...
 851     }
 852     index = this_cp->object_to_cp_index(cache_index);
 853   }
 854 
 855   jvalue prim_value;  // temp used only in a few cases below
 856 
 857   constantTag tag = this_cp->tag_at(index);
 858 
 859   if (status_return != NULL) {
 860     // don't trigger resolution if the constant might need it
 861     switch (tag.value()) {
 862     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 863     {
 864       CPKlassSlot kslot = this_cp->klass_slot_at(index);
 865       int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 866       if (this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index) == NULL) {
 867         (*status_return) = false;
 868         return NULL;
 869       }
 870       // the klass is waiting in the CP; go get it
 871       break;
 872     }
 873     case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
 874     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
 875     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
 876     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
 877     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
 878       // these guys trigger OOM at worst
 879       break;
 880     default:
 881       (*status_return) = false;
 882       return NULL;
 883     }
 884     // from now on there is either success or an OOME
 885     (*status_return) = true;
 886   }
 887 
 888   switch (tag.value()) {
 889 
 890   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 891   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
 892   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 893     {
 894       assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
 895       Klass* resolved = klass_at_impl(this_cp, index, true, CHECK_NULL);
 896       // ldc wants the java mirror.
 897       result_oop = resolved->java_mirror();
 898       break;
 899     }
 900 
 901   case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
 902     {
 903       Klass* current_klass  = this_cp->pool_holder();
 904       Symbol* constant_name = this_cp->uncached_name_ref_at(index);
 905       Symbol* constant_type = this_cp->uncached_signature_ref_at(index);
 906 
 907       // The initial step in resolving an unresolved symbolic reference to a
 908       // dynamically-computed constant is to resolve the symbolic reference to a
 909       // method handle which will be the bootstrap method for the dynamically-computed
 910       // constant. If resolution of the java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle for the bootstrap
 911       // method fails, then a MethodHandleInError is stored at the corresponding
 912       // bootstrap method's CP index for the CONSTANT_MethodHandle_info. No need to
 913       // set a DynamicConstantInError here since any subsequent use of this
 914       // bootstrap method will encounter the resolution of MethodHandleInError.
 915       oop bsm_info = this_cp->resolve_bootstrap_specifier_at(index, THREAD);
 916       Exceptions::wrap_dynamic_exception(CHECK_NULL);
 917       assert(bsm_info != NULL, "");
 918       // FIXME: Cache this once per BootstrapMethods entry, not once per CONSTANT_Dynamic.
 919       Handle bootstrap_specifier = Handle(THREAD, bsm_info);
 920 
 921       // Resolve the Dynamically-Computed constant to invoke the BSM in order to obtain the resulting oop.
 922       Handle value = SystemDictionary::link_dynamic_constant(current_klass,
 923                                                              index,
 924                                                              bootstrap_specifier,
 925                                                              constant_name,
 926                                                              constant_type,
 927                                                              THREAD);
 928       result_oop = value();
 929       Exceptions::wrap_dynamic_exception(THREAD);
 930       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 931         // Resolution failure of the dynamically-computed constant, save_and_throw_exception
 932         // will check for a LinkageError and store a DynamicConstantInError.
 933         save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, index, tag, CHECK_NULL);
 934       }
 935       BasicType type = FieldType::basic_type(constant_type);
 936       if (!is_reference_type(type)) {
 937         // Make sure the primitive value is properly boxed.
 938         // This is a JDK responsibility.
 939         const char* fail = NULL;
 940         if (result_oop == NULL) {
 941           fail = "null result instead of box";
 942         } else if (!is_java_primitive(type)) {
 943           // FIXME: support value types via unboxing
 944           fail = "can only handle references and primitives";
 945         } else if (!java_lang_boxing_object::is_instance(result_oop, type)) {
 946           fail = "primitive is not properly boxed";
 947         }
 948         if (fail != NULL) {
 949           // Since this exception is not a LinkageError, throw exception
 950           // but do not save a DynamicInError resolution result.
 951           // See section 5.4.3 of the VM spec.
 952           THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), fail);
 953         }
 954       }
 955       break;
 956     }
 957 
 958   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
 959     assert(cache_index != _no_index_sentinel, "should have been set");
 960     if (this_cp->is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
 961       result_oop = this_cp->pseudo_string_at(index, cache_index);
 962       break;
 963     }
 964     result_oop = string_at_impl(this_cp, index, cache_index, CHECK_NULL);
 965     break;
 966 
 967   case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError:
 968   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
 969   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
 970     {
 971       throw_resolution_error(this_cp, index, CHECK_NULL);
 972       break;
 973     }
 974 
 975   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
 976     {
 977       int ref_kind                 = this_cp->method_handle_ref_kind_at(index);
 978       int callee_index             = this_cp->method_handle_klass_index_at(index);
 979       Symbol*  name =      this_cp->method_handle_name_ref_at(index);
 980       Symbol*  signature = this_cp->method_handle_signature_ref_at(index);
 981       constantTag m_tag  = this_cp->tag_at(this_cp->method_handle_index_at(index));
 982       { ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 983         log_debug(class, resolve)("resolve JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:%d [%d/%d/%d] %s.%s",
 984                               ref_kind, index, this_cp->method_handle_index_at(index),
 985                               callee_index, name->as_C_string(), signature->as_C_string());
 986       }
 987 
 988       Klass* callee = klass_at_impl(this_cp, callee_index, true, CHECK_NULL);
 989 
 990       // Check constant pool method consistency
 991       if ((callee->is_interface() && m_tag.is_method()) ||
 992           ((!callee->is_interface() && m_tag.is_interface_method()))) {
 993         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 994         char buf[400];
 995         jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
 996           "Inconsistent constant pool data in classfile for class %s. "
 997           "Method %s%s at index %d is %s and should be %s",
 998           callee->name()->as_C_string(), name->as_C_string(), signature->as_C_string(), index,
 999           callee->is_interface() ? "CONSTANT_MethodRef" : "CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodRef",
1000           callee->is_interface() ? "CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodRef" : "CONSTANT_MethodRef");
1001         THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), buf);
1002       }
1003 
1004       Klass* klass = this_cp->pool_holder();
1005       Handle value = SystemDictionary::link_method_handle_constant(klass, ref_kind,
1006                                                                    callee, name, signature,
1007                                                                    THREAD);
1008       result_oop = value();
1009       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1010         save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, index, tag, CHECK_NULL);
1011       }
1012       break;
1013     }
1014 
1015   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1016     {
1017       Symbol*  signature = this_cp->method_type_signature_at(index);
1018       { ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1019         log_debug(class, resolve)("resolve JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType [%d/%d] %s",
1020                               index, this_cp->method_type_index_at(index),
1021                               signature->as_C_string());
1022       }
1023       Klass* klass = this_cp->pool_holder();
1024       Handle value = SystemDictionary::find_method_handle_type(signature, klass, THREAD);
1025       result_oop = value();
1026       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1027         save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, index, tag, CHECK_NULL);
1028       }
1029       break;
1030     }
1031 
1032   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1033     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1034     prim_value.i = this_cp->int_at(index);
1035     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_INT, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1036     break;
1037 
1038   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1039     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1040     prim_value.f = this_cp->float_at(index);
1041     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_FLOAT, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1042     break;
1043 
1044   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1045     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1046     prim_value.j = this_cp->long_at(index);
1047     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_LONG, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1048     break;
1049 
1050   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1051     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1052     prim_value.d = this_cp->double_at(index);
1053     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_DOUBLE, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1054     break;
1055 
1056   default:
1057     DEBUG_ONLY( tty->print_cr("*** %p: tag at CP[%d/%d] = %d",
1058                               this_cp(), index, cache_index, tag.value()));
1059     assert(false, "unexpected constant tag");
1060     break;
1061   }
1062 
1063   if (cache_index >= 0) {
1064     // Benign race condition:  resolved_references may already be filled in.
1065     // The important thing here is that all threads pick up the same result.
1066     // It doesn't matter which racing thread wins, as long as only one
1067     // result is used by all threads, and all future queries.
1068     oop new_result = (result_oop == NULL ? Universe::the_null_sentinel() : result_oop);
1069     oop old_result = this_cp->resolved_references()
1070       ->atomic_compare_exchange_oop(cache_index, new_result, NULL);
1071     if (old_result == NULL) {
1072       return result_oop;  // was installed
1073     } else {
1074       // Return the winning thread's result.  This can be different than
1075       // the result here for MethodHandles.
1076       if (old_result == Universe::the_null_sentinel())
1077         old_result = NULL;
1078       return old_result;
1079     }
1080   } else {
1081     assert(result_oop != Universe::the_null_sentinel(), "");
1082     return result_oop;
1083   }
1084 }
1085 
1086 oop ConstantPool::uncached_string_at(int which, TRAPS) {
1087   Symbol* sym = unresolved_string_at(which);
1088   oop str = StringTable::intern(sym, CHECK_(NULL));
1089   assert(java_lang_String::is_instance(str), "must be string");
1090   return str;
1091 }
1092 
1093 
1094 oop ConstantPool::resolve_bootstrap_specifier_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int index, TRAPS) {
1095   assert((this_cp->tag_at(index).is_invoke_dynamic() ||
1096           this_cp->tag_at(index).is_dynamic_constant()), "Corrupted constant pool");
1097   Handle bsm;
1098   int argc;
1099   {
1100     // JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic is an ordered pair of [bootm, name&mtype], plus optional arguments
1101     // JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic is an ordered pair of [bootm, name&ftype], plus optional arguments
1102     // In both cases, the bootm, being a JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle, has its own cache entry.
1103     // It is accompanied by the optional arguments.
1104     int bsm_index = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(index);
1105     oop bsm_oop = this_cp->resolve_possibly_cached_constant_at(bsm_index, CHECK_NULL);
1106     if (!java_lang_invoke_MethodHandle::is_instance(bsm_oop)) {
1107       THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_LinkageError(), "BSM not an MethodHandle");
1108     }
1109 
1110     // Extract the optional static arguments.
1111     argc = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index);
1112 
1113     // if there are no static arguments, return the bsm by itself:
1114     if (argc == 0 && UseBootstrapCallInfo < 2)  return bsm_oop;
1115 
1116     bsm = Handle(THREAD, bsm_oop);
1117   }
1118 
1119   // We are going to return an ordered pair of {bsm, info}, using a 2-array.
1120   objArrayHandle info;
1121   {
1122     objArrayOop info_oop = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), 2, CHECK_NULL);
1123     info = objArrayHandle(THREAD, info_oop);
1124   }
1125 
1126   info->obj_at_put(0, bsm());
1127 
1128   bool use_BSCI;
1129   switch (UseBootstrapCallInfo) {
1130   default: use_BSCI = true;  break;  // stress mode
1131   case 0:  use_BSCI = false; break;  // stress mode
1132   case 1:                            // normal mode
1133     // If we were to support an alternative mode of BSM invocation,
1134     // we'd convert to pull mode here if the BSM could be a candidate
1135     // for that alternative mode.  We can't easily test for things
1136     // like varargs here, but we can get away with approximate testing,
1137     // since the JDK runtime will make up the difference either way.
1138     // For now, exercise the pull-mode path if the BSM is of arity 2,
1139     // or if there is a potential condy loop (see below).
1140     oop mt_oop = java_lang_invoke_MethodHandle::type(bsm());
1141     use_BSCI = (java_lang_invoke_MethodType::ptype_count(mt_oop) == 2);
1142     break;
1143   }
1144 
1145   // Here's a reason to use BSCI even if it wasn't requested:
1146   // If a condy uses a condy argument, we want to avoid infinite
1147   // recursion (condy loops) in the C code.  It's OK in Java,
1148   // because Java has stack overflow checking, so we punt
1149   // potentially cyclic cases from C to Java.
1150   if (!use_BSCI && this_cp->tag_at(index).is_dynamic_constant()) {
1151     bool found_unresolved_condy = false;
1152     for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1153       int arg_index = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, i);
1154       if (this_cp->tag_at(arg_index).is_dynamic_constant()) {
1155         // potential recursion point condy -> condy
1156         bool found_it = false;
1157         this_cp->find_cached_constant_at(arg_index, found_it, CHECK_NULL);
1158         if (!found_it) { found_unresolved_condy = true; break; }
1159       }
1160     }
1161     if (found_unresolved_condy)
1162       use_BSCI = true;
1163   }
1164 
1165   const int SMALL_ARITY = 5;
1166   if (use_BSCI && argc <= SMALL_ARITY && UseBootstrapCallInfo <= 2) {
1167     // If there are only a few arguments, and none of them need linking,
1168     // push them, instead of asking the JDK runtime to turn around and
1169     // pull them, saving a JVM/JDK transition in some simple cases.
1170     bool all_resolved = true;
1171     for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1172       bool found_it = false;
1173       int arg_index = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, i);
1174       this_cp->find_cached_constant_at(arg_index, found_it, CHECK_NULL);
1175       if (!found_it) { all_resolved = false; break; }
1176     }
1177     if (all_resolved)
1178       use_BSCI = false;
1179   }
1180 
1181   if (!use_BSCI) {
1182     // return {bsm, {arg...}}; resolution of arguments is done immediately, before JDK code is called
1183     objArrayOop args_oop = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), argc, CHECK_NULL);
1184     info->obj_at_put(1, args_oop);   // may overwrite with args[0] below
1185     objArrayHandle args(THREAD, args_oop);
1186     copy_bootstrap_arguments_at_impl(this_cp, index, 0, argc, args, 0, true, Handle(), CHECK_NULL);
1187     if (argc == 1) {
1188       // try to discard the singleton array
1189       oop arg_oop = args->obj_at(0);
1190       if (arg_oop != NULL && !arg_oop->is_array()) {
1191         // JVM treats arrays and nulls specially in this position,
1192         // but other things are just single arguments
1193         info->obj_at_put(1, arg_oop);
1194       }
1195     }
1196   } else {
1197     // return {bsm, {arg_count, pool_index}}; JDK code must pull the arguments as needed
1198     typeArrayOop ints_oop = oopFactory::new_typeArray(T_INT, 2, CHECK_NULL);
1199     ints_oop->int_at_put(0, argc);
1200     ints_oop->int_at_put(1, index);
1201     info->obj_at_put(1, ints_oop);
1202   }
1203   return info();
1204 }
1205 
1206 void ConstantPool::copy_bootstrap_arguments_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int index,
1207                                                     int start_arg, int end_arg,
1208                                                     objArrayHandle info, int pos,
1209                                                     bool must_resolve, Handle if_not_available,
1210                                                     TRAPS) {
1211   int argc;
1212   int limit = pos + end_arg - start_arg;
1213   // checks: index in range [0..this_cp->length),
1214   // tag at index, start..end in range [0..argc],
1215   // info array non-null, pos..limit in [0..info.length]
1216   if ((0 >= index    || index >= this_cp->length())  ||
1217       !(this_cp->tag_at(index).is_invoke_dynamic()    ||
1218         this_cp->tag_at(index).is_dynamic_constant()) ||
1219       (0 > start_arg || start_arg > end_arg) ||
1220       (end_arg > (argc = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index))) ||
1221       (0 > pos       || pos > limit)         ||
1222       (info.is_null() || limit > info->length())) {
1223     // An index or something else went wrong; throw an error.
1224     // Since this is an internal API, we don't expect this,
1225     // so we don't bother to craft a nice message.
1226     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_LinkageError(), "bad BSM argument access");
1227   }
1228   // now we can loop safely
1229   int info_i = pos;
1230   for (int i = start_arg; i < end_arg; i++) {
1231     int arg_index = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, i);
1232     oop arg_oop;
1233     if (must_resolve) {
1234       arg_oop = this_cp->resolve_possibly_cached_constant_at(arg_index, CHECK);
1235     } else {
1236       bool found_it = false;
1237       arg_oop = this_cp->find_cached_constant_at(arg_index, found_it, CHECK);
1238       if (!found_it)  arg_oop = if_not_available();
1239     }
1240     info->obj_at_put(info_i++, arg_oop);
1241   }
1242 }
1243 
1244 oop ConstantPool::string_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, int obj_index, TRAPS) {
1245   // If the string has already been interned, this entry will be non-null
1246   oop str = this_cp->resolved_references()->obj_at(obj_index);
1247   assert(str != Universe::the_null_sentinel(), "");
1248   if (str != NULL) return str;
1249   Symbol* sym = this_cp->unresolved_string_at(which);
1250   str = StringTable::intern(sym, CHECK_(NULL));
1251   this_cp->string_at_put(which, obj_index, str);
1252   assert(java_lang_String::is_instance(str), "must be string");
1253   return str;
1254 }
1255 
1256 
1257 bool ConstantPool::klass_name_at_matches(const InstanceKlass* k, int which) {
1258   // Names are interned, so we can compare Symbol*s directly
1259   Symbol* cp_name = klass_name_at(which);
1260   return (cp_name == k->name());
1261 }
1262 
1263 
1264 // Iterate over symbols and decrement ones which are Symbol*s
1265 // This is done during GC.
1266 // Only decrement the UTF8 symbols. Strings point to
1267 // these symbols but didn't increment the reference count.
1268 void ConstantPool::unreference_symbols() {
1269   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
1270     constantTag tag = tag_at(index);
1271     if (tag.is_symbol()) {
1272       symbol_at(index)->decrement_refcount();
1273     }
1274   }
1275 }
1276 
1277 
1278 // Compare this constant pool's entry at index1 to the constant pool
1279 // cp2's entry at index2.
1280 bool ConstantPool::compare_entry_to(int index1, const constantPoolHandle& cp2,
1281        int index2, TRAPS) {
1282 
1283   // The error tags are equivalent to non-error tags when comparing
1284   jbyte t1 = tag_at(index1).non_error_value();
1285   jbyte t2 = cp2->tag_at(index2).non_error_value();
1286 
1287   if (t1 != t2) {
1288     // Not the same entry type so there is nothing else to check. Note
1289     // that this style of checking will consider resolved/unresolved
1290     // class pairs as different.
1291     // From the ConstantPool* API point of view, this is correct
1292     // behavior. See VM_RedefineClasses::merge_constant_pools() to see how this
1293     // plays out in the context of ConstantPool* merging.
1294     return false;
1295   }
1296 
1297   switch (t1) {
1298   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
1299   {
1300     Klass* k1 = klass_at(index1, CHECK_false);
1301     Klass* k2 = cp2->klass_at(index2, CHECK_false);
1302     if (k1 == k2) {
1303       return true;
1304     }
1305   } break;
1306 
1307   case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
1308   {
1309     int recur1 = klass_index_at(index1);
1310     int recur2 = cp2->klass_index_at(index2);
1311     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1312     if (match) {
1313       return true;
1314     }
1315   } break;
1316 
1317   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1318   {
1319     jdouble d1 = double_at(index1);
1320     jdouble d2 = cp2->double_at(index2);
1321     if (d1 == d2) {
1322       return true;
1323     }
1324   } break;
1325 
1326   case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
1327   case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
1328   case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
1329   {
1330     int recur1 = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index1);
1331     int recur2 = cp2->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index2);
1332     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1333     if (match) {
1334       recur1 = uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
1335       recur2 = cp2->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
1336       match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1337       if (match) {
1338         return true;
1339       }
1340     }
1341   } break;
1342 
1343   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1344   {
1345     jfloat f1 = float_at(index1);
1346     jfloat f2 = cp2->float_at(index2);
1347     if (f1 == f2) {
1348       return true;
1349     }
1350   } break;
1351 
1352   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1353   {
1354     jint i1 = int_at(index1);
1355     jint i2 = cp2->int_at(index2);
1356     if (i1 == i2) {
1357       return true;
1358     }
1359   } break;
1360 
1361   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1362   {
1363     jlong l1 = long_at(index1);
1364     jlong l2 = cp2->long_at(index2);
1365     if (l1 == l2) {
1366       return true;
1367     }
1368   } break;
1369 
1370   case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
1371   {
1372     int recur1 = name_ref_index_at(index1);
1373     int recur2 = cp2->name_ref_index_at(index2);
1374     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1375     if (match) {
1376       recur1 = signature_ref_index_at(index1);
1377       recur2 = cp2->signature_ref_index_at(index2);
1378       match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1379       if (match) {
1380         return true;
1381       }
1382     }
1383   } break;
1384 
1385   case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
1386   {
1387     int recur1 = string_index_at(index1);
1388     int recur2 = cp2->string_index_at(index2);
1389     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1390     if (match) {
1391       return true;
1392     }
1393   } break;
1394 
1395   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
1396   {
1397     Symbol* k1 = klass_name_at(index1);
1398     Symbol* k2 = cp2->klass_name_at(index2);
1399     if (k1 == k2) {
1400       return true;
1401     }
1402   } break;
1403 
1404   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1405   {
1406     int k1 = method_type_index_at(index1);
1407     int k2 = cp2->method_type_index_at(index2);
1408     bool match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1409     if (match) {
1410       return true;
1411     }
1412   } break;
1413 
1414   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
1415   {
1416     int k1 = method_handle_ref_kind_at(index1);
1417     int k2 = cp2->method_handle_ref_kind_at(index2);
1418     if (k1 == k2) {
1419       int i1 = method_handle_index_at(index1);
1420       int i2 = cp2->method_handle_index_at(index2);
1421       bool match = compare_entry_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1422       if (match) {
1423         return true;
1424       }
1425     }
1426   } break;
1427 
1428   case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
1429   {
1430     int k1 = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
1431     int k2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
1432     int i1 = invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index1);
1433     int i2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index2);
1434     // separate statements and variables because CHECK_false is used
1435     bool match_entry = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1436     bool match_operand = compare_operand_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1437     return (match_entry && match_operand);
1438   } break;
1439 
1440   case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
1441   {
1442     int k1 = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
1443     int k2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
1444     int i1 = invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index1);
1445     int i2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index2);
1446     // separate statements and variables because CHECK_false is used
1447     bool match_entry = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1448     bool match_operand = compare_operand_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1449     return (match_entry && match_operand);
1450   } break;
1451 
1452   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
1453   {
1454     Symbol* s1 = unresolved_string_at(index1);
1455     Symbol* s2 = cp2->unresolved_string_at(index2);
1456     if (s1 == s2) {
1457       return true;
1458     }
1459   } break;
1460 
1461   case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
1462   {
1463     Symbol* s1 = symbol_at(index1);
1464     Symbol* s2 = cp2->symbol_at(index2);
1465     if (s1 == s2) {
1466       return true;
1467     }
1468   } break;
1469 
1470   // Invalid is used as the tag for the second constant pool entry
1471   // occupied by JVM_CONSTANT_Double or JVM_CONSTANT_Long. It should
1472   // not be seen by itself.
1473   case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: // fall through
1474 
1475   default:
1476     ShouldNotReachHere();
1477     break;
1478   }
1479 
1480   return false;
1481 } // end compare_entry_to()
1482 
1483 
1484 // Resize the operands array with delta_len and delta_size.
1485 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1486 void ConstantPool::resize_operands(int delta_len, int delta_size, TRAPS) {
1487   int old_len  = operand_array_length(operands());
1488   int new_len  = old_len + delta_len;
1489   int min_len  = (delta_len > 0) ? old_len : new_len;
1490 
1491   int old_size = operands()->length();
1492   int new_size = old_size + delta_size;
1493   int min_size = (delta_size > 0) ? old_size : new_size;
1494 
1495   ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1496   Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, new_size, CHECK);
1497 
1498   // Set index in the resized array for existing elements only
1499   for (int idx = 0; idx < min_len; idx++) {
1500     int offset = operand_offset_at(idx);                       // offset in original array
1501     operand_offset_at_put(new_ops, idx, offset + 2*delta_len); // offset in resized array
1502   }
1503   // Copy the bootstrap specifiers only
1504   Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(operands()->adr_at(2*old_len),
1505                                new_ops->adr_at(2*new_len),
1506                                (min_size - 2*min_len) * sizeof(u2));
1507   // Explicitly deallocate old operands array.
1508   // Note, it is not needed for 7u backport.
1509   if ( operands() != NULL) { // the safety check
1510     MetadataFactory::free_array<u2>(loader_data, operands());
1511   }
1512   set_operands(new_ops);
1513 } // end resize_operands()
1514 
1515 
1516 // Extend the operands array with the length and size of the ext_cp operands.
1517 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1518 void ConstantPool::extend_operands(const constantPoolHandle& ext_cp, TRAPS) {
1519   int delta_len = operand_array_length(ext_cp->operands());
1520   if (delta_len == 0) {
1521     return; // nothing to do
1522   }
1523   int delta_size = ext_cp->operands()->length();
1524 
1525   assert(delta_len  > 0 && delta_size > 0, "extended operands array must be bigger");
1526 
1527   if (operand_array_length(operands()) == 0) {
1528     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1529     Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, delta_size, CHECK);
1530     // The first element index defines the offset of second part
1531     operand_offset_at_put(new_ops, 0, 2*delta_len); // offset in new array
1532     set_operands(new_ops);
1533   } else {
1534     resize_operands(delta_len, delta_size, CHECK);
1535   }
1536 
1537 } // end extend_operands()
1538 
1539 
1540 // Shrink the operands array to a smaller array with new_len length.
1541 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1542 void ConstantPool::shrink_operands(int new_len, TRAPS) {
1543   int old_len = operand_array_length(operands());
1544   if (new_len == old_len) {
1545     return; // nothing to do
1546   }
1547   assert(new_len < old_len, "shrunken operands array must be smaller");
1548 
1549   int free_base  = operand_next_offset_at(new_len - 1);
1550   int delta_len  = new_len - old_len;
1551   int delta_size = 2*delta_len + free_base - operands()->length();
1552 
1553   resize_operands(delta_len, delta_size, CHECK);
1554 
1555 } // end shrink_operands()
1556 
1557 
1558 void ConstantPool::copy_operands(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp,
1559                                  const constantPoolHandle& to_cp,
1560                                  TRAPS) {
1561 
1562   int from_oplen = operand_array_length(from_cp->operands());
1563   int old_oplen  = operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());
1564   if (from_oplen != 0) {
1565     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = to_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1566     // append my operands to the target's operands array
1567     if (old_oplen == 0) {
1568       // Can't just reuse from_cp's operand list because of deallocation issues
1569       int len = from_cp->operands()->length();
1570       Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, len, CHECK);
1571       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(
1572           from_cp->operands()->adr_at(0), new_ops->adr_at(0), len * sizeof(u2));
1573       to_cp->set_operands(new_ops);
1574     } else {
1575       int old_len  = to_cp->operands()->length();
1576       int from_len = from_cp->operands()->length();
1577       int old_off  = old_oplen * sizeof(u2);
1578       int from_off = from_oplen * sizeof(u2);
1579       // Use the metaspace for the destination constant pool
1580       Array<u2>* new_operands = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, old_len + from_len, CHECK);
1581       int fillp = 0, len = 0;
1582       // first part of dest
1583       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(to_cp->operands()->adr_at(0),
1584                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1585                                    (len = old_off) * sizeof(u2));
1586       fillp += len;
1587       // first part of src
1588       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(from_cp->operands()->adr_at(0),
1589                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1590                                    (len = from_off) * sizeof(u2));
1591       fillp += len;
1592       // second part of dest
1593       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(to_cp->operands()->adr_at(old_off),
1594                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1595                                    (len = old_len - old_off) * sizeof(u2));
1596       fillp += len;
1597       // second part of src
1598       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(from_cp->operands()->adr_at(from_off),
1599                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1600                                    (len = from_len - from_off) * sizeof(u2));
1601       fillp += len;
1602       assert(fillp == new_operands->length(), "");
1603 
1604       // Adjust indexes in the first part of the copied operands array.
1605       for (int j = 0; j < from_oplen; j++) {
1606         int offset = operand_offset_at(new_operands, old_oplen + j);
1607         assert(offset == operand_offset_at(from_cp->operands(), j), "correct copy");
1608         offset += old_len;  // every new tuple is preceded by old_len extra u2's
1609         operand_offset_at_put(new_operands, old_oplen + j, offset);
1610       }
1611 
1612       // replace target operands array with combined array
1613       to_cp->set_operands(new_operands);
1614     }
1615   }
1616 } // end copy_operands()
1617 
1618 
1619 // Copy this constant pool's entries at start_i to end_i (inclusive)
1620 // to the constant pool to_cp's entries starting at to_i. A total of
1621 // (end_i - start_i) + 1 entries are copied.
1622 void ConstantPool::copy_cp_to_impl(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp, int start_i, int end_i,
1623        const constantPoolHandle& to_cp, int to_i, TRAPS) {
1624 
1625 
1626   int dest_i = to_i;  // leave original alone for debug purposes
1627 
1628   for (int src_i = start_i; src_i <= end_i; /* see loop bottom */ ) {
1629     copy_entry_to(from_cp, src_i, to_cp, dest_i, CHECK);
1630 
1631     switch (from_cp->tag_at(src_i).value()) {
1632     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1633     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1634       // double and long take two constant pool entries
1635       src_i += 2;
1636       dest_i += 2;
1637       break;
1638 
1639     default:
1640       // all others take one constant pool entry
1641       src_i++;
1642       dest_i++;
1643       break;
1644     }
1645   }
1646   copy_operands(from_cp, to_cp, CHECK);
1647 
1648 } // end copy_cp_to_impl()
1649 
1650 
1651 // Copy this constant pool's entry at from_i to the constant pool
1652 // to_cp's entry at to_i.
1653 void ConstantPool::copy_entry_to(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp, int from_i,
1654                                         const constantPoolHandle& to_cp, int to_i,
1655                                         TRAPS) {
1656 
1657   int tag = from_cp->tag_at(from_i).value();
1658   switch (tag) {
1659   case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
1660   {
1661     jint ki = from_cp->klass_index_at(from_i);
1662     to_cp->klass_index_at_put(to_i, ki);
1663   } break;
1664 
1665   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1666   {
1667     jdouble d = from_cp->double_at(from_i);
1668     to_cp->double_at_put(to_i, d);
1669     // double takes two constant pool entries so init second entry's tag
1670     to_cp->tag_at_put(to_i + 1, JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid);
1671   } break;
1672 
1673   case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
1674   {
1675     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1676     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1677     to_cp->field_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1678   } break;
1679 
1680   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1681   {
1682     jfloat f = from_cp->float_at(from_i);
1683     to_cp->float_at_put(to_i, f);
1684   } break;
1685 
1686   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1687   {
1688     jint i = from_cp->int_at(from_i);
1689     to_cp->int_at_put(to_i, i);
1690   } break;
1691 
1692   case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
1693   {
1694     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1695     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1696     to_cp->interface_method_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1697   } break;
1698 
1699   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1700   {
1701     jlong l = from_cp->long_at(from_i);
1702     to_cp->long_at_put(to_i, l);
1703     // long takes two constant pool entries so init second entry's tag
1704     to_cp->tag_at_put(to_i + 1, JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid);
1705   } break;
1706 
1707   case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
1708   {
1709     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1710     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1711     to_cp->method_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1712   } break;
1713 
1714   case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
1715   {
1716     int name_ref_index = from_cp->name_ref_index_at(from_i);
1717     int signature_ref_index = from_cp->signature_ref_index_at(from_i);
1718     to_cp->name_and_type_at_put(to_i, name_ref_index, signature_ref_index);
1719   } break;
1720 
1721   case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
1722   {
1723     jint si = from_cp->string_index_at(from_i);
1724     to_cp->string_index_at_put(to_i, si);
1725   } break;
1726 
1727   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
1728   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
1729   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
1730   {
1731     // Revert to JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex
1732     int name_index = from_cp->klass_slot_at(from_i).name_index();
1733     assert(from_cp->tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
1734     to_cp->klass_index_at_put(to_i, name_index);
1735   } break;
1736 
1737   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
1738   {
1739     Symbol* s = from_cp->unresolved_string_at(from_i);
1740     to_cp->unresolved_string_at_put(to_i, s);
1741   } break;
1742 
1743   case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
1744   {
1745     Symbol* s = from_cp->symbol_at(from_i);
1746     // Need to increase refcount, the old one will be thrown away and deferenced
1747     s->increment_refcount();
1748     to_cp->symbol_at_put(to_i, s);
1749   } break;
1750 
1751   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1752   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
1753   {
1754     jint k = from_cp->method_type_index_at(from_i);
1755     to_cp->method_type_index_at_put(to_i, k);
1756   } break;
1757 
1758   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
1759   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
1760   {
1761     int k1 = from_cp->method_handle_ref_kind_at(from_i);
1762     int k2 = from_cp->method_handle_index_at(from_i);
1763     to_cp->method_handle_index_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1764   } break;
1765 
1766   case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
1767   case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError:
1768   {
1769     int k1 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(from_i);
1770     int k2 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1771     k1 += operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());  // to_cp might already have operands
1772     to_cp->dynamic_constant_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1773   } break;
1774 
1775   case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
1776   {
1777     int k1 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(from_i);
1778     int k2 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1779     k1 += operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());  // to_cp might already have operands
1780     to_cp->invoke_dynamic_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1781   } break;
1782 
1783   // Invalid is used as the tag for the second constant pool entry
1784   // occupied by JVM_CONSTANT_Double or JVM_CONSTANT_Long. It should
1785   // not be seen by itself.
1786   case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: // fall through
1787 
1788   default:
1789   {
1790     ShouldNotReachHere();
1791   } break;
1792   }
1793 } // end copy_entry_to()
1794 
1795 // Search constant pool search_cp for an entry that matches this
1796 // constant pool's entry at pattern_i. Returns the index of a
1797 // matching entry or zero (0) if there is no matching entry.
1798 int ConstantPool::find_matching_entry(int pattern_i,
1799       const constantPoolHandle& search_cp, TRAPS) {
1800 
1801   // index zero (0) is not used
1802   for (int i = 1; i < search_cp->length(); i++) {
1803     bool found = compare_entry_to(pattern_i, search_cp, i, CHECK_0);
1804     if (found) {
1805       return i;
1806     }
1807   }
1808 
1809   return 0;  // entry not found; return unused index zero (0)
1810 } // end find_matching_entry()
1811 
1812 
1813 // Compare this constant pool's bootstrap specifier at idx1 to the constant pool
1814 // cp2's bootstrap specifier at idx2.
1815 bool ConstantPool::compare_operand_to(int idx1, const constantPoolHandle& cp2, int idx2, TRAPS) {
1816   int k1 = operand_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(idx1);
1817   int k2 = cp2->operand_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(idx2);
1818   bool match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1819 
1820   if (!match) {
1821     return false;
1822   }
1823   int argc = operand_argument_count_at(idx1);
1824   if (argc == cp2->operand_argument_count_at(idx2)) {
1825     for (int j = 0; j < argc; j++) {
1826       k1 = operand_argument_index_at(idx1, j);
1827       k2 = cp2->operand_argument_index_at(idx2, j);
1828       match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1829       if (!match) {
1830         return false;
1831       }
1832     }
1833     return true;           // got through loop; all elements equal
1834   }
1835   return false;
1836 } // end compare_operand_to()
1837 
1838 // Search constant pool search_cp for a bootstrap specifier that matches
1839 // this constant pool's bootstrap specifier at pattern_i index.
1840 // Return the index of a matching bootstrap specifier or (-1) if there is no match.
1841 int ConstantPool::find_matching_operand(int pattern_i,
1842                     const constantPoolHandle& search_cp, int search_len, TRAPS) {
1843   for (int i = 0; i < search_len; i++) {
1844     bool found = compare_operand_to(pattern_i, search_cp, i, CHECK_(-1));
1845     if (found) {
1846       return i;
1847     }
1848   }
1849   return -1;  // bootstrap specifier not found; return unused index (-1)
1850 } // end find_matching_operand()
1851 
1852 
1853 #ifndef PRODUCT
1854 
1855 const char* ConstantPool::printable_name_at(int which) {
1856 
1857   constantTag tag = tag_at(which);
1858 
1859   if (tag.is_string()) {
1860     return string_at_noresolve(which);
1861   } else if (tag.is_klass() || tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
1862     return klass_name_at(which)->as_C_string();
1863   } else if (tag.is_symbol()) {
1864     return symbol_at(which)->as_C_string();
1865   }
1866   return "";
1867 }
1868 
1869 #endif // PRODUCT
1870 
1871 
1872 // JVMTI GetConstantPool support
1873 
1874 // For debugging of constant pool
1875 const bool debug_cpool = false;
1876 
1877 #define DBG(code) do { if (debug_cpool) { (code); } } while(0)
1878 
1879 static void print_cpool_bytes(jint cnt, u1 *bytes) {
1880   const char* WARN_MSG = "Must not be such entry!";
1881   jint size = 0;
1882   u2   idx1, idx2;
1883 
1884   for (jint idx = 1; idx < cnt; idx++) {
1885     jint ent_size = 0;
1886     u1   tag  = *bytes++;
1887     size++;                       // count tag
1888 
1889     printf("const #%03d, tag: %02d ", idx, tag);
1890     switch(tag) {
1891       case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: {
1892         printf("Invalid");
1893         break;
1894       }
1895       case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode: {
1896         printf("Unicode      %s", WARN_MSG);
1897         break;
1898       }
1899       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
1900         u2 len = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1901         char str[128];
1902         if (len > 127) {
1903            len = 127;
1904         }
1905         strncpy(str, (char *) (bytes+2), len);
1906         str[len] = '\0';
1907         printf("Utf8          \"%s\"", str);
1908         ent_size = 2 + len;
1909         break;
1910       }
1911       case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer: {
1912         u4 val = Bytes::get_Java_u4(bytes);
1913         printf("int          %d", *(int *) &val);
1914         ent_size = 4;
1915         break;
1916       }
1917       case JVM_CONSTANT_Float: {
1918         u4 val = Bytes::get_Java_u4(bytes);
1919         printf("float        %5.3ff", *(float *) &val);
1920         ent_size = 4;
1921         break;
1922       }
1923       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long: {
1924         u8 val = Bytes::get_Java_u8(bytes);
1925         printf("long         " INT64_FORMAT, (int64_t) *(jlong *) &val);
1926         ent_size = 8;
1927         idx++; // Long takes two cpool slots
1928         break;
1929       }
1930       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
1931         u8 val = Bytes::get_Java_u8(bytes);
1932         printf("double       %5.3fd", *(jdouble *)&val);
1933         ent_size = 8;
1934         idx++; // Double takes two cpool slots
1935         break;
1936       }
1937       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class: {
1938         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1939         printf("class        #%03d", idx1);
1940         ent_size = 2;
1941         break;
1942       }
1943       case JVM_CONSTANT_String: {
1944         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1945         printf("String       #%03d", idx1);
1946         ent_size = 2;
1947         break;
1948       }
1949       case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref: {
1950         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1951         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1952         printf("Field        #%03d, #%03d", (int) idx1, (int) idx2);
1953         ent_size = 4;
1954         break;
1955       }
1956       case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref: {
1957         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1958         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1959         printf("Method       #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1960         ent_size = 4;
1961         break;
1962       }
1963       case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: {
1964         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1965         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1966         printf("InterfMethod #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1967         ent_size = 4;
1968         break;
1969       }
1970       case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: {
1971         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1972         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1973         printf("NameAndType  #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1974         ent_size = 4;
1975         break;
1976       }
1977       case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
1978         printf("ClassIndex  %s", WARN_MSG);
1979         break;
1980       }
1981       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass: {
1982         printf("UnresolvedClass: %s", WARN_MSG);
1983         break;
1984       }
1985       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
1986         printf("UnresolvedClassInErr: %s", WARN_MSG);
1987         break;
1988       }
1989       case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: {
1990         printf("StringIndex: %s", WARN_MSG);
1991         break;
1992       }
1993     }
1994     printf(";\n");
1995     bytes += ent_size;
1996     size  += ent_size;
1997   }
1998   printf("Cpool size: %d\n", size);
1999   fflush(0);
2000   return;
2001 } /* end print_cpool_bytes */
2002 
2003 
2004 // Returns size of constant pool entry.
2005 jint ConstantPool::cpool_entry_size(jint idx) {
2006   switch(tag_at(idx).value()) {
2007     case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid:
2008     case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode:
2009       return 1;
2010 
2011     case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
2012       return 3 + symbol_at(idx)->utf8_length();
2013 
2014     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
2015     case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
2016     case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
2017     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
2018     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
2019     case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
2020     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
2021     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
2022       return 3;
2023 
2024     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
2025     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
2026       return 4; //tag, ref_kind, ref_index
2027 
2028     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
2029     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
2030     case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
2031     case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
2032     case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
2033     case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
2034       return 5;
2035 
2036     case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
2037     case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError:
2038     case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
2039       // u1 tag, u2 bsm, u2 nt
2040       return 5;
2041 
2042     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
2043     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
2044       return 9;
2045   }
2046   assert(false, "cpool_entry_size: Invalid constant pool entry tag");
2047   return 1;
2048 } /* end cpool_entry_size */
2049 
2050 
2051 // SymbolHashMap is used to find a constant pool index from a string.
2052 // This function fills in SymbolHashMaps, one for utf8s and one for
2053 // class names, returns size of the cpool raw bytes.
2054 jint ConstantPool::hash_entries_to(SymbolHashMap *symmap,
2055                                           SymbolHashMap *classmap) {
2056   jint size = 0;
2057 
2058   for (u2 idx = 1; idx < length(); idx++) {
2059     u2 tag = tag_at(idx).value();
2060     size += cpool_entry_size(idx);
2061 
2062     switch(tag) {
2063       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
2064         Symbol* sym = symbol_at(idx);
2065         symmap->add_entry(sym, idx);
2066         DBG(printf("adding symbol entry %s = %d\n", sym->as_utf8(), idx));
2067         break;
2068       }
2069       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
2070       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
2071       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
2072         Symbol* sym = klass_name_at(idx);
2073         classmap->add_entry(sym, idx);
2074         DBG(printf("adding class entry %s = %d\n", sym->as_utf8(), idx));
2075         break;
2076       }
2077       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
2078       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
2079         idx++; // Both Long and Double take two cpool slots
2080         break;
2081       }
2082     }
2083   }
2084   return size;
2085 } /* end hash_utf8_entries_to */
2086 
2087 
2088 // Copy cpool bytes.
2089 // Returns:
2090 //    0, in case of OutOfMemoryError
2091 //   -1, in case of internal error
2092 //  > 0, count of the raw cpool bytes that have been copied
2093 int ConstantPool::copy_cpool_bytes(int cpool_size,
2094                                           SymbolHashMap* tbl,
2095                                           unsigned char *bytes) {
2096   u2   idx1, idx2;
2097   jint size  = 0;
2098   jint cnt   = length();
2099   unsigned char *start_bytes = bytes;
2100 
2101   for (jint idx = 1; idx < cnt; idx++) {
2102     u1   tag      = tag_at(idx).value();
2103     jint ent_size = cpool_entry_size(idx);
2104 
2105     assert(size + ent_size <= cpool_size, "Size mismatch");
2106 
2107     *bytes = tag;
2108     DBG(printf("#%03hd tag=%03hd, ", (short)idx, (short)tag));
2109     switch(tag) {
2110       case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: {
2111         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid"));
2112         break;
2113       }
2114       case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode: {
2115         assert(false, "Wrong constant pool tag: JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode");
2116         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode"));
2117         break;
2118       }
2119       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
2120         Symbol* sym = symbol_at(idx);
2121         char*     str = sym->as_utf8();
2122         // Warning! It's crashing on x86 with len = sym->utf8_length()
2123         int       len = (int) strlen(str);
2124         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), (u2) len);
2125         for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
2126             bytes[3+i] = (u1) str[i];
2127         }
2128         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: %s ", str));
2129         break;
2130       }
2131       case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer: {
2132         jint val = int_at(idx);
2133         Bytes::put_Java_u4((address) (bytes+1), *(u4*)&val);
2134         break;
2135       }
2136       case JVM_CONSTANT_Float: {
2137         jfloat val = float_at(idx);
2138         Bytes::put_Java_u4((address) (bytes+1), *(u4*)&val);
2139         break;
2140       }
2141       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long: {
2142         jlong val = long_at(idx);
2143         Bytes::put_Java_u8((address) (bytes+1), *(u8*)&val);
2144         idx++;             // Long takes two cpool slots
2145         break;
2146       }
2147       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
2148         jdouble val = double_at(idx);
2149         Bytes::put_Java_u8((address) (bytes+1), *(u8*)&val);
2150         idx++;             // Double takes two cpool slots
2151         break;
2152       }
2153       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
2154       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
2155       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
2156         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_Class;
2157         Symbol* sym = klass_name_at(idx);
2158         idx1 = tbl->symbol_to_value(sym);
2159         assert(idx1 != 0, "Have not found a hashtable entry");
2160         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2161         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Class: idx=#%03hd, %s", idx1, sym->as_utf8()));
2162         break;
2163       }
2164       case JVM_CONSTANT_String: {
2165         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_String;
2166         Symbol* sym = unresolved_string_at(idx);
2167         idx1 = tbl->symbol_to_value(sym);
2168         assert(idx1 != 0, "Have not found a hashtable entry");
2169         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2170         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_String: idx=#%03hd, %s", idx1, sym->as_utf8()));
2171         break;
2172       }
2173       case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
2174       case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
2175       case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: {
2176         idx1 = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(idx);
2177         idx2 = uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx);
2178         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2179         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2180         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2181         break;
2182       }
2183       case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: {
2184         idx1 = name_ref_index_at(idx);
2185         idx2 = signature_ref_index_at(idx);
2186         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2187         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2188         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2189         break;
2190       }
2191       case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
2192         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_Class;
2193         idx1 = klass_index_at(idx);
2194         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2195         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: %hd", idx1));
2196         break;
2197       }
2198       case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: {
2199         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_String;
2200         idx1 = string_index_at(idx);
2201         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2202         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: %hd", idx1));
2203         break;
2204       }
2205       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
2206       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError: {
2207         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle;
2208         int kind = method_handle_ref_kind_at(idx);
2209         idx1 = method_handle_index_at(idx);
2210         *(bytes+1) = (unsigned char) kind;
2211         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+2), idx1);
2212         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle: %d %hd", kind, idx1));
2213         break;
2214       }
2215       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
2216       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError: {
2217         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType;
2218         idx1 = method_type_index_at(idx);
2219         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2220         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType: %hd", idx1));
2221         break;
2222       }
2223       case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
2224       case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError: {
2225         *bytes = tag;
2226         idx1 = extract_low_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2227         idx2 = extract_high_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2228         assert(idx2 == invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx), "correct half of u4");
2229         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2230         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2231         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2232         break;
2233       }
2234       case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic: {
2235         *bytes = tag;
2236         idx1 = extract_low_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2237         idx2 = extract_high_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2238         assert(idx2 == invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx), "correct half of u4");
2239         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2240         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2241         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2242         break;
2243       }
2244     }
2245     DBG(printf("\n"));
2246     bytes += ent_size;
2247     size  += ent_size;
2248   }
2249   assert(size == cpool_size, "Size mismatch");
2250 
2251   // Keep temorarily for debugging until it's stable.
2252   DBG(print_cpool_bytes(cnt, start_bytes));
2253   return (int)(bytes - start_bytes);
2254 } /* end copy_cpool_bytes */
2255 
2256 #undef DBG
2257 
2258 
2259 void ConstantPool::set_on_stack(const bool value) {
2260   if (value) {
2261     // Only record if it's not already set.
2262     if (!on_stack()) {
2263       assert(!is_shared(), "should always be set for shared constant pools");
2264       _flags |= _on_stack;
2265       MetadataOnStackMark::record(this);
2266     }
2267   } else {
2268     // Clearing is done single-threadedly.
2269     if (!is_shared()) {
2270       _flags &= ~_on_stack;
2271     }
2272   }
2273 }
2274 
2275 // JSR 292 support for patching constant pool oops after the class is linked and
2276 // the oop array for resolved references are created.
2277 // We can't do this during classfile parsing, which is how the other indexes are
2278 // patched.  The other patches are applied early for some error checking
2279 // so only defer the pseudo_strings.
2280 void ConstantPool::patch_resolved_references(GrowableArray<Handle>* cp_patches) {
2281   for (int index = 1; index < cp_patches->length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
2282     Handle patch = cp_patches->at(index);
2283     if (patch.not_null()) {
2284       assert (tag_at(index).is_string(), "should only be string left");
2285       // Patching a string means pre-resolving it.
2286       // The spelling in the constant pool is ignored.
2287       // The constant reference may be any object whatever.
2288       // If it is not a real interned string, the constant is referred
2289       // to as a "pseudo-string", and must be presented to the CP
2290       // explicitly, because it may require scavenging.
2291       int obj_index = cp_to_object_index(index);
2292       pseudo_string_at_put(index, obj_index, patch());
2293      DEBUG_ONLY(cp_patches->at_put(index, Handle());)
2294     }
2295   }
2296 #ifdef ASSERT
2297   // Ensure that all the patches have been used.
2298   for (int index = 0; index < cp_patches->length(); index++) {
2299     assert(cp_patches->at(index).is_null(),
2300            "Unused constant pool patch at %d in class file %s",
2301            index,
2302            pool_holder()->external_name());
2303   }
2304 #endif // ASSERT
2305 }
2306 
2307 #ifndef PRODUCT
2308 
2309 // CompileTheWorld support. Preload all classes loaded references in the passed in constantpool
2310 void ConstantPool::preload_and_initialize_all_classes(ConstantPool* obj, TRAPS) {
2311   guarantee(obj->is_constantPool(), "object must be constant pool");
2312   constantPoolHandle cp(THREAD, (ConstantPool*)obj);
2313   guarantee(cp->pool_holder() != NULL, "must be fully loaded");
2314 
2315   for (int i = 0; i< cp->length();  i++) {
2316     if (cp->tag_at(i).is_unresolved_klass()) {
2317       // This will force loading of the class
2318       Klass* klass = cp->klass_at(i, CHECK);
2319       if (klass->is_instance_klass()) {
2320         // Force initialization of class
2321         InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->initialize(CHECK);
2322       }
2323     }
2324   }
2325 }
2326 
2327 #endif
2328 
2329 
2330 // Printing
2331 
2332 void ConstantPool::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
2333   assert(is_constantPool(), "must be constantPool");
2334   st->print_cr("%s", internal_name());
2335   if (flags() != 0) {
2336     st->print(" - flags: 0x%x", flags());
2337     if (has_preresolution()) st->print(" has_preresolution");
2338     if (on_stack()) st->print(" on_stack");
2339     st->cr();
2340   }
2341   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2342     st->print_cr(" - holder: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(pool_holder()));
2343   }
2344   st->print_cr(" - cache: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(cache()));
2345   st->print_cr(" - resolved_references: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(resolved_references()));
2346   st->print_cr(" - reference_map: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(reference_map()));
2347   st->print_cr(" - resolved_klasses: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(resolved_klasses()));
2348 
2349   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) {      // Index 0 is unused
2350     ((ConstantPool*)this)->print_entry_on(index, st);
2351     switch (tag_at(index).value()) {
2352       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long :
2353       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double :
2354         index++;   // Skip entry following eigth-byte constant
2355     }
2356 
2357   }
2358   st->cr();
2359 }
2360 
2361 // Print one constant pool entry
2362 void ConstantPool::print_entry_on(const int index, outputStream* st) {
2363   EXCEPTION_MARK;
2364   st->print(" - %3d : ", index);
2365   tag_at(index).print_on(st);
2366   st->print(" : ");
2367   switch (tag_at(index).value()) {
2368     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class :
2369       { Klass* k = klass_at(index, CATCH);
2370         guarantee(k != NULL, "need klass");
2371         k->print_value_on(st);
2372         st->print(" {" PTR_FORMAT "}", p2i(k));
2373       }
2374       break;
2375     case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref :
2376     case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref :
2377     case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref :
2378       st->print("klass_index=%d", uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index));
2379       st->print(" name_and_type_index=%d", uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
2380       break;
2381     case JVM_CONSTANT_String :
2382       if (is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
2383         oop anObj = pseudo_string_at(index);
2384         anObj->print_value_on(st);
2385         st->print(" {" PTR_FORMAT "}", p2i(anObj));
2386       } else {
2387         unresolved_string_at(index)->print_value_on(st);
2388       }
2389       break;
2390     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer :
2391       st->print("%d", int_at(index));
2392       break;
2393     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float :
2394       st->print("%f", float_at(index));
2395       break;
2396     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long :
2397       st->print_jlong(long_at(index));
2398       break;
2399     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double :
2400       st->print("%lf", double_at(index));
2401       break;
2402     case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType :
2403       st->print("name_index=%d", name_ref_index_at(index));
2404       st->print(" signature_index=%d", signature_ref_index_at(index));
2405       break;
2406     case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8 :
2407       symbol_at(index)->print_value_on(st);
2408       break;
2409     case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
2410         int name_index = *int_at_addr(index);
2411         st->print("klass_index=%d ", name_index);
2412         symbol_at(name_index)->print_value_on(st);
2413       }
2414       break;
2415     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass :               // fall-through
2416     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
2417         CPKlassSlot kslot = klass_slot_at(index);
2418         int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
2419         int name_index = kslot.name_index();
2420         assert(tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
2421 
2422         Klass* klass = resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
2423         if (klass != NULL) {
2424           klass->print_value_on(st);
2425         } else {
2426           symbol_at(name_index)->print_value_on(st);
2427         }
2428       }
2429       break;
2430     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle :
2431     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError :
2432       st->print("ref_kind=%d", method_handle_ref_kind_at(index));
2433       st->print(" ref_index=%d", method_handle_index_at(index));
2434       break;
2435     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType :
2436     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError :
2437       st->print("signature_index=%d", method_type_index_at(index));
2438       break;
2439     case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic :
2440     case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError :
2441       {
2442         st->print("bootstrap_method_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(index));
2443         st->print(" type_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
2444         int argc = invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index);
2445         if (argc > 0) {
2446           for (int arg_i = 0; arg_i < argc; arg_i++) {
2447             int arg = invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, arg_i);
2448             st->print((arg_i == 0 ? " arguments={%d" : ", %d"), arg);
2449           }
2450           st->print("}");
2451         }
2452       }
2453       break;
2454     case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic :
2455       {
2456         st->print("bootstrap_method_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(index));
2457         st->print(" name_and_type_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
2458         int argc = invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index);
2459         if (argc > 0) {
2460           for (int arg_i = 0; arg_i < argc; arg_i++) {
2461             int arg = invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, arg_i);
2462             st->print((arg_i == 0 ? " arguments={%d" : ", %d"), arg);
2463           }
2464           st->print("}");
2465         }
2466       }
2467       break;
2468     default:
2469       ShouldNotReachHere();
2470       break;
2471   }
2472   st->cr();
2473 }
2474 
2475 void ConstantPool::print_value_on(outputStream* st) const {
2476   assert(is_constantPool(), "must be constantPool");
2477   st->print("constant pool [%d]", length());
2478   if (has_preresolution()) st->print("/preresolution");
2479   if (operands() != NULL)  st->print("/operands[%d]", operands()->length());
2480   print_address_on(st);
2481   st->print(" for ");
2482   pool_holder()->print_value_on(st);
2483   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2484     bool extra = (pool_holder()->constants() != this);
2485     if (extra)  st->print(" (extra)");
2486   }
2487   if (cache() != NULL) {
2488     st->print(" cache=" PTR_FORMAT, p2i(cache()));
2489   }
2490 }
2491 
2492 #if INCLUDE_SERVICES
2493 // Size Statistics
2494 void ConstantPool::collect_statistics(KlassSizeStats *sz) const {
2495   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_bytes          = sz->count(this));
2496   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_tags_bytes     = sz->count_array(tags()));
2497   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_cache_bytes    = sz->count(cache()));
2498   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_operands_bytes = sz->count_array(operands()));
2499   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_refmap_bytes   = sz->count_array(reference_map()));
2500 
2501   sz->_ro_bytes += sz->_cp_operands_bytes + sz->_cp_tags_bytes +
2502                    sz->_cp_refmap_bytes;
2503   sz->_rw_bytes += sz->_cp_bytes + sz->_cp_cache_bytes;
2504 }
2505 #endif // INCLUDE_SERVICES
2506 
2507 // Verification
2508 
2509 void ConstantPool::verify_on(outputStream* st) {
2510   guarantee(is_constantPool(), "object must be constant pool");
2511   for (int i = 0; i< length();  i++) {
2512     constantTag tag = tag_at(i);
2513     if (tag.is_klass() || tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
2514       guarantee(klass_name_at(i)->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2515     } else if (tag.is_symbol()) {
2516       CPSlot entry = slot_at(i);
2517       guarantee(entry.get_symbol()->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2518     } else if (tag.is_string()) {
2519       CPSlot entry = slot_at(i);
2520       guarantee(entry.get_symbol()->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2521     }
2522   }
2523   if (cache() != NULL) {
2524     // Note: cache() can be NULL before a class is completely setup or
2525     // in temporary constant pools used during constant pool merging
2526     guarantee(cache()->is_constantPoolCache(), "should be constant pool cache");
2527   }
2528   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2529     // Note: pool_holder() can be NULL in temporary constant pools
2530     // used during constant pool merging
2531     guarantee(pool_holder()->is_klass(),    "should be klass");
2532   }
2533 }
2534 
2535 
2536 void SymbolHashMap::add_entry(Symbol* sym, u2 value) {
2537   char *str = sym->as_utf8();
2538   unsigned int hash = compute_hash(str, sym->utf8_length());
2539   unsigned int index = hash % table_size();
2540 
2541   // check if already in map
2542   // we prefer the first entry since it is more likely to be what was used in
2543   // the class file
2544   for (SymbolHashMapEntry *en = bucket(index); en != NULL; en = en->next()) {
2545     assert(en->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2546     if (en->hash() == hash && en->symbol() == sym) {
2547         return;  // already there
2548     }
2549   }
2550 
2551   SymbolHashMapEntry* entry = new SymbolHashMapEntry(hash, sym, value);
2552   entry->set_next(bucket(index));
2553   _buckets[index].set_entry(entry);
2554   assert(entry->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2555 }
2556 
2557 SymbolHashMapEntry* SymbolHashMap::find_entry(Symbol* sym) {
2558   assert(sym != NULL, "SymbolHashMap::find_entry - symbol is NULL");
2559   char *str = sym->as_utf8();
2560   int   len = sym->utf8_length();
2561   unsigned int hash = SymbolHashMap::compute_hash(str, len);
2562   unsigned int index = hash % table_size();
2563   for (SymbolHashMapEntry *en = bucket(index); en != NULL; en = en->next()) {
2564     assert(en->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2565     if (en->hash() == hash && en->symbol() == sym) {
2566       return en;
2567     }
2568   }
2569   return NULL;
2570 }
2571 
2572 void SymbolHashMap::initialize_table(int table_size) {
2573   _table_size = table_size;
2574   _buckets = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(SymbolHashMapBucket, table_size, mtSymbol);
2575   for (int index = 0; index < table_size; index++) {
2576     _buckets[index].clear();
2577   }
2578 }