1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "jvm.h"
  27 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/metadataOnStackMark.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  33 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
  34 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  35 #include "memory/heapInspection.hpp"
  36 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
  37 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
  38 #include "memory/metaspaceShared.hpp"
  39 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  40 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  41 #include "oops/array.inline.hpp"
  42 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
  43 #include "oops/cpCache.inline.hpp"
  44 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  45 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
  46 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  47 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  48 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/fieldType.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  51 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  53 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
  54 #include "runtime/vframe.inline.hpp"
  55 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
  56 
  57 constantTag ConstantPool::tag_at(int which) const { return (constantTag)tags()->at_acquire(which); }
  58 
  59 void ConstantPool::release_tag_at_put(int which, jbyte t) { tags()->release_at_put(which, t); }
  60 
  61 ConstantPool* ConstantPool::allocate(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int length, TRAPS) {
  62   Array<u1>* tags = MetadataFactory::new_array<u1>(loader_data, length, 0, CHECK_NULL);
  63   int size = ConstantPool::size(length);
  64   return new (loader_data, size, MetaspaceObj::ConstantPoolType, THREAD) ConstantPool(tags);
  65 }
  66 
  67 #ifdef ASSERT
  68 
  69 // MetaspaceObj allocation invariant is calloc equivalent memory
  70 // simple verification of this here (JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid == 0 )
  71 static bool tag_array_is_zero_initialized(Array<u1>* tags) {
  72   assert(tags != NULL, "invariant");
  73   const int length = tags->length();
  74   for (int index = 0; index < length; ++index) {
  75     if (JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid != tags->at(index)) {
  76       return false;
  77     }
  78   }
  79   return true;
  80 }
  81 
  82 #endif
  83 
  84 ConstantPool::ConstantPool(Array<u1>* tags) :
  85   _tags(tags),
  86   _length(tags->length()) {
  87 
  88     assert(_tags != NULL, "invariant");
  89     assert(tags->length() == _length, "invariant");
  90     assert(tag_array_is_zero_initialized(tags), "invariant");
  91     assert(0 == flags(), "invariant");
  92     assert(0 == version(), "invariant");
  93     assert(NULL == _pool_holder, "invariant");
  94 }
  95 
  96 void ConstantPool::deallocate_contents(ClassLoaderData* loader_data) {
  97   if (cache() != NULL) {
  98     MetadataFactory::free_metadata(loader_data, cache());
  99     set_cache(NULL);
 100   }
 101 
 102   MetadataFactory::free_array<Klass*>(loader_data, resolved_klasses());
 103   set_resolved_klasses(NULL);
 104 
 105   MetadataFactory::free_array<jushort>(loader_data, operands());
 106   set_operands(NULL);
 107 
 108   release_C_heap_structures();
 109 
 110   // free tag array
 111   MetadataFactory::free_array<u1>(loader_data, tags());
 112   set_tags(NULL);
 113 }
 114 
 115 void ConstantPool::release_C_heap_structures() {
 116   // walk constant pool and decrement symbol reference counts
 117   unreference_symbols();
 118 }
 119 
 120 void ConstantPool::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
 121   log_trace(cds)("Iter(ConstantPool): %p", this);
 122 
 123   it->push(&_tags, MetaspaceClosure::_writable);
 124   it->push(&_cache);
 125   it->push(&_pool_holder);
 126   it->push(&_operands);
 127   it->push(&_resolved_klasses, MetaspaceClosure::_writable);
 128 
 129   for (int i = 0; i < length(); i++) {
 130     // The only MSO's embedded in the CP entries are Symbols:
 131     //   JVM_CONSTANT_String (normal and pseudo)
 132     //   JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8
 133     constantTag ctag = tag_at(i);
 134     if (ctag.is_string() || ctag.is_utf8()) {
 135       it->push(symbol_at_addr(i));
 136     }
 137   }
 138 }
 139 
 140 objArrayOop ConstantPool::resolved_references() const {
 141   return (objArrayOop)_cache->resolved_references();
 142 }
 143 
 144 // Called from outside constant pool resolution where a resolved_reference array
 145 // may not be present.
 146 objArrayOop ConstantPool::resolved_references_or_null() const {
 147   if (_cache == NULL) {
 148     return NULL;
 149   } else {
 150     return (objArrayOop)_cache->resolved_references();
 151   }
 152 }
 153 
 154 // Create resolved_references array and mapping array for original cp indexes
 155 // The ldc bytecode was rewritten to have the resolved reference array index so need a way
 156 // to map it back for resolving and some unlikely miscellaneous uses.
 157 // The objects created by invokedynamic are appended to this list.
 158 void ConstantPool::initialize_resolved_references(ClassLoaderData* loader_data,
 159                                                   const intStack& reference_map,
 160                                                   int constant_pool_map_length,
 161                                                   TRAPS) {
 162   // Initialized the resolved object cache.
 163   int map_length = reference_map.length();
 164   if (map_length > 0) {
 165     // Only need mapping back to constant pool entries.  The map isn't used for
 166     // invokedynamic resolved_reference entries.  For invokedynamic entries,
 167     // the constant pool cache index has the mapping back to both the constant
 168     // pool and to the resolved reference index.
 169     if (constant_pool_map_length > 0) {
 170       Array<u2>* om = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, constant_pool_map_length, CHECK);
 171 
 172       for (int i = 0; i < constant_pool_map_length; i++) {
 173         int x = reference_map.at(i);
 174         assert(x == (int)(jushort) x, "klass index is too big");
 175         om->at_put(i, (jushort)x);
 176       }
 177       set_reference_map(om);
 178     }
 179 
 180     // Create Java array for holding resolved strings, methodHandles,
 181     // methodTypes, invokedynamic and invokehandle appendix objects, etc.
 182     objArrayOop stom = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), map_length, CHECK);
 183     Handle refs_handle (THREAD, (oop)stom);  // must handleize.
 184     set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 185   }
 186 }
 187 
 188 void ConstantPool::allocate_resolved_klasses(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int num_klasses, TRAPS) {
 189   // A ConstantPool can't possibly have 0xffff valid class entries,
 190   // because entry #0 must be CONSTANT_Invalid, and each class entry must refer to a UTF8
 191   // entry for the class's name. So at most we will have 0xfffe class entries.
 192   // This allows us to use 0xffff (ConstantPool::_temp_resolved_klass_index) to indicate
 193   // UnresolvedKlass entries that are temporarily created during class redefinition.
 194   assert(num_klasses < CPKlassSlot::_temp_resolved_klass_index, "sanity");
 195   assert(resolved_klasses() == NULL, "sanity");
 196   Array<Klass*>* rk = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(loader_data, num_klasses, CHECK);
 197   set_resolved_klasses(rk);
 198 }
 199 
 200 void ConstantPool::initialize_unresolved_klasses(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, TRAPS) {
 201   int len = length();
 202   int num_klasses = 0;
 203   for (int i = 1; i <len; i++) {
 204     switch (tag_at(i).value()) {
 205     case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
 206       {
 207         const int class_index = klass_index_at(i);
 208         unresolved_klass_at_put(i, class_index, num_klasses++);
 209       }
 210       break;
 211 #ifndef PRODUCT
 212     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 213     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 214     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
 215       // All of these should have been reverted back to ClassIndex before calling
 216       // this function.
 217       ShouldNotReachHere();
 218 #endif
 219     }
 220   }
 221   allocate_resolved_klasses(loader_data, num_klasses, THREAD);
 222 }
 223 
 224 // Anonymous class support:
 225 void ConstantPool::klass_at_put(int class_index, int name_index, int resolved_klass_index, Klass* k, Symbol* name) {
 226   assert(is_within_bounds(class_index), "index out of bounds");
 227   assert(is_within_bounds(name_index), "index out of bounds");
 228   assert((resolved_klass_index & 0xffff0000) == 0, "must be");
 229   *int_at_addr(class_index) =
 230     build_int_from_shorts((jushort)resolved_klass_index, (jushort)name_index);
 231 
 232   symbol_at_put(name_index, name);
 233   name->increment_refcount();
 234   Klass** adr = resolved_klasses()->adr_at(resolved_klass_index);
 235   OrderAccess::release_store(adr, k);
 236 
 237   // The interpreter assumes when the tag is stored, the klass is resolved
 238   // and the Klass* non-NULL, so we need hardware store ordering here.
 239   if (k != NULL) {
 240     release_tag_at_put(class_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
 241   } else {
 242     release_tag_at_put(class_index, JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass);
 243   }
 244 }
 245 
 246 // Anonymous class support:
 247 void ConstantPool::klass_at_put(int class_index, Klass* k) {
 248   assert(k != NULL, "must be valid klass");
 249   CPKlassSlot kslot = klass_slot_at(class_index);
 250   int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 251   Klass** adr = resolved_klasses()->adr_at(resolved_klass_index);
 252   OrderAccess::release_store(adr, k);
 253 
 254   // The interpreter assumes when the tag is stored, the klass is resolved
 255   // and the Klass* non-NULL, so we need hardware store ordering here.
 256   release_tag_at_put(class_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
 257 }
 258 
 259 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 260 // Archive the resolved references
 261 void ConstantPool::archive_resolved_references(Thread* THREAD) {
 262   if (_cache == NULL) {
 263     return; // nothing to do
 264   }
 265 
 266   InstanceKlass *ik = pool_holder();
 267   if (!(ik->is_shared_boot_class() || ik->is_shared_platform_class() ||
 268         ik->is_shared_app_class())) {
 269     // Archiving resolved references for classes from non-builtin loaders
 270     // is not yet supported.
 271     set_resolved_references(NULL);
 272     return;
 273   }
 274 
 275   objArrayOop rr = resolved_references();
 276   Array<u2>* ref_map = reference_map();
 277   if (rr != NULL) {
 278     int ref_map_len = ref_map == NULL ? 0 : ref_map->length();
 279     int rr_len = rr->length();
 280     for (int i = 0; i < rr_len; i++) {
 281       oop p = rr->obj_at(i);
 282       rr->obj_at_put(i, NULL);
 283       if (p != NULL && i < ref_map_len) {
 284         int index = object_to_cp_index(i);
 285         // Skip the entry if the string hash code is 0 since the string
 286         // is not included in the shared string_table, see StringTable::copy_shared_string.
 287         if (tag_at(index).is_string() && java_lang_String::hash_code(p) != 0) {
 288           oop op = StringTable::create_archived_string(p, THREAD);
 289           // If the String object is not archived (possibly too large),
 290           // NULL is returned. Also set it in the array, so we won't
 291           // have a 'bad' reference in the archived resolved_reference
 292           // array.
 293           rr->obj_at_put(i, op);
 294         }
 295       }
 296     }
 297 
 298     oop archived = MetaspaceShared::archive_heap_object(rr, THREAD);
 299     _cache->set_archived_references(archived);
 300     set_resolved_references(NULL);
 301   }
 302 }
 303 
 304 void ConstantPool::resolve_class_constants(TRAPS) {
 305   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "used during dump time only");
 306   // The _cache may be NULL if the _pool_holder klass fails verification
 307   // at dump time due to missing dependencies.
 308   if (cache() == NULL || reference_map() == NULL) {
 309     return; // nothing to do
 310   }
 311 
 312   constantPoolHandle cp(THREAD, this);
 313   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 314     if (tag_at(index).is_string() && !cp->is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
 315       int cache_index = cp->cp_to_object_index(index);
 316       string_at_impl(cp, index, cache_index, CHECK);
 317     }
 318   }
 319 }
 320 #endif
 321 
 322 // CDS support. Create a new resolved_references array.
 323 void ConstantPool::restore_unshareable_info(TRAPS) {
 324   assert(is_constantPool(), "ensure C++ vtable is restored");
 325   assert(on_stack(), "should always be set for shared constant pools");
 326   assert(is_shared(), "should always be set for shared constant pools");
 327   assert(_cache != NULL, "constant pool _cache should not be NULL");
 328 
 329   // Only create the new resolved references array if it hasn't been attempted before
 330   if (resolved_references() != NULL) return;
 331 
 332   // restore the C++ vtable from the shared archive
 333   restore_vtable();
 334 
 335   if (SystemDictionary::Object_klass_loaded()) {
 336     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
 337 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 338     if (MetaspaceShared::open_archive_heap_region_mapped() &&
 339         _cache->archived_references() != NULL) {
 340       oop archived = _cache->archived_references();
 341       // Create handle for the archived resolved reference array object
 342       Handle refs_handle(THREAD, archived);
 343       set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 344     } else
 345 #endif
 346     {
 347       // No mapped archived resolved reference array
 348       // Recreate the object array and add to ClassLoaderData.
 349       int map_length = resolved_reference_length();
 350       if (map_length > 0) {
 351         objArrayOop stom = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), map_length, CHECK);
 352         Handle refs_handle(THREAD, (oop)stom);  // must handleize.
 353         set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 354       }
 355     }
 356   }
 357 }
 358 
 359 void ConstantPool::remove_unshareable_info() {
 360   // Resolved references are not in the shared archive.
 361   // Save the length for restoration.  It is not necessarily the same length
 362   // as reference_map.length() if invokedynamic is saved. It is needed when
 363   // re-creating the resolved reference array if archived heap data cannot be map
 364   // at runtime.
 365   set_resolved_reference_length(
 366     resolved_references() != NULL ? resolved_references()->length() : 0);
 367 
 368   // If archiving heap objects is not allowed, clear the resolved references.
 369   // Otherwise, it is cleared after the resolved references array is cached
 370   // (see archive_resolved_references()).
 371   if (!MetaspaceShared::is_heap_object_archiving_allowed()) {
 372     set_resolved_references(NULL);
 373   }
 374 
 375   // Shared ConstantPools are in the RO region, so the _flags cannot be modified.
 376   // The _on_stack flag is used to prevent ConstantPools from deallocation during
 377   // class redefinition. Since shared ConstantPools cannot be deallocated anyway,
 378   // we always set _on_stack to true to avoid having to change _flags during runtime.
 379   _flags |= (_on_stack | _is_shared);
 380   int num_klasses = 0;
 381   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 382     assert(!tag_at(index).is_unresolved_klass_in_error(), "This must not happen during dump time");
 383     if (tag_at(index).is_klass()) {
 384       // This class was resolved as a side effect of executing Java code
 385       // during dump time. We need to restore it back to an UnresolvedClass,
 386       // so that the proper class loading and initialization can happen
 387       // at runtime.
 388       CPKlassSlot kslot = klass_slot_at(index);
 389       int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 390       int name_index = kslot.name_index();
 391       assert(tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
 392       resolved_klasses()->at_put(resolved_klass_index, NULL);
 393       tag_at_put(index, JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass);
 394       assert(klass_name_at(index) == symbol_at(name_index), "sanity");
 395     }
 396   }
 397   if (cache() != NULL) {
 398     cache()->remove_unshareable_info();
 399   }
 400 }
 401 
 402 int ConstantPool::cp_to_object_index(int cp_index) {
 403   // this is harder don't do this so much.
 404   int i = reference_map()->find(cp_index);
 405   // We might not find the index for jsr292 call.
 406   return (i < 0) ? _no_index_sentinel : i;
 407 }
 408 
 409 void ConstantPool::string_at_put(int which, int obj_index, oop str) {
 410   resolved_references()->obj_at_put(obj_index, str);
 411 }
 412 
 413 void ConstantPool::trace_class_resolution(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, Klass* k) {
 414   ResourceMark rm;
 415   int line_number = -1;
 416   const char * source_file = NULL;
 417   if (JavaThread::current()->has_last_Java_frame()) {
 418     // try to identify the method which called this function.
 419     vframeStream vfst(JavaThread::current());
 420     if (!vfst.at_end()) {
 421       line_number = vfst.method()->line_number_from_bci(vfst.bci());
 422       Symbol* s = vfst.method()->method_holder()->source_file_name();
 423       if (s != NULL) {
 424         source_file = s->as_C_string();
 425       }
 426     }
 427   }
 428   if (k != this_cp->pool_holder()) {
 429     // only print something if the classes are different
 430     if (source_file != NULL) {
 431       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s %s:%d",
 432                  this_cp->pool_holder()->external_name(),
 433                  k->external_name(), source_file, line_number);
 434     } else {
 435       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s",
 436                  this_cp->pool_holder()->external_name(),
 437                  k->external_name());
 438     }
 439   }
 440 }
 441 
 442 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which,
 443                                    bool save_resolution_error, TRAPS) {
 444   assert(THREAD->is_Java_thread(), "must be a Java thread");
 445 
 446   // A resolved constantPool entry will contain a Klass*, otherwise a Symbol*.
 447   // It is not safe to rely on the tag bit's here, since we don't have a lock, and
 448   // the entry and tag is not updated atomicly.
 449   CPKlassSlot kslot = this_cp->klass_slot_at(which);
 450   int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 451   int name_index = kslot.name_index();
 452   assert(this_cp->tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
 453 
 454   Klass* klass = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
 455   if (klass != NULL) {
 456     return klass;
 457   }
 458 
 459   // This tag doesn't change back to unresolved class unless at a safepoint.
 460   if (this_cp->tag_at(which).is_unresolved_klass_in_error()) {
 461     // The original attempt to resolve this constant pool entry failed so find the
 462     // class of the original error and throw another error of the same class
 463     // (JVMS 5.4.3).
 464     // If there is a detail message, pass that detail message to the error.
 465     // The JVMS does not strictly require us to duplicate the same detail message,
 466     // or any internal exception fields such as cause or stacktrace.  But since the
 467     // detail message is often a class name or other literal string, we will repeat it
 468     // if we can find it in the symbol table.
 469     throw_resolution_error(this_cp, which, CHECK_0);
 470     ShouldNotReachHere();
 471   }
 472 
 473   Handle mirror_handle;
 474   Symbol* name = this_cp->symbol_at(name_index);
 475   Handle loader (THREAD, this_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader());
 476   Handle protection_domain (THREAD, this_cp->pool_holder()->protection_domain());
 477   Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(name, loader, protection_domain, true, THREAD);
 478   if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 479     // preserve the resolved klass from unloading
 480     mirror_handle = Handle(THREAD, k->java_mirror());
 481     // Do access check for klasses
 482     verify_constant_pool_resolve(this_cp, k, THREAD);
 483   }
 484 
 485   // Failed to resolve class. We must record the errors so that subsequent attempts
 486   // to resolve this constant pool entry fail with the same error (JVMS 5.4.3).
 487   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 488     if (save_resolution_error) {
 489       save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, which, constantTag(JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass), CHECK_NULL);
 490       // If CHECK_NULL above doesn't return the exception, that means that
 491       // some other thread has beaten us and has resolved the class.
 492       // To preserve old behavior, we return the resolved class.
 493       klass = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
 494       assert(klass != NULL, "must be resolved if exception was cleared");
 495       return klass;
 496     } else {
 497       return NULL;  // return the pending exception
 498     }
 499   }
 500 
 501   // Make this class loader depend upon the class loader owning the class reference
 502   ClassLoaderData* this_key = this_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
 503   this_key->record_dependency(k);
 504 
 505   // logging for class+resolve.
 506   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve)){
 507     trace_class_resolution(this_cp, k);
 508   }
 509   Klass** adr = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->adr_at(resolved_klass_index);
 510   OrderAccess::release_store(adr, k);
 511   // The interpreter assumes when the tag is stored, the klass is resolved
 512   // and the Klass* stored in _resolved_klasses is non-NULL, so we need
 513   // hardware store ordering here.
 514   this_cp->release_tag_at_put(which, JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
 515   return k;
 516 }
 517 
 518 
 519 // Does not update ConstantPool* - to avoid any exception throwing. Used
 520 // by compiler and exception handling.  Also used to avoid classloads for
 521 // instanceof operations. Returns NULL if the class has not been loaded or
 522 // if the verification of constant pool failed
 523 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which) {
 524   CPKlassSlot kslot = this_cp->klass_slot_at(which);
 525   int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 526   int name_index = kslot.name_index();
 527   assert(this_cp->tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
 528 
 529   Klass* k = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
 530   if (k != NULL) {
 531     return k;
 532   } else {
 533     Thread *thread = Thread::current();
 534     Symbol* name = this_cp->symbol_at(name_index);
 535     oop loader = this_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader();
 536     oop protection_domain = this_cp->pool_holder()->protection_domain();
 537     Handle h_prot (thread, protection_domain);
 538     Handle h_loader (thread, loader);
 539     Klass* k = SystemDictionary::find(name, h_loader, h_prot, thread);
 540 
 541     if (k != NULL) {
 542       // Make sure that resolving is legal
 543       EXCEPTION_MARK;
 544       // return NULL if verification fails
 545       verify_constant_pool_resolve(this_cp, k, THREAD);
 546       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 547         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 548         return NULL;
 549       }
 550       return k;
 551     } else {
 552       return k;
 553     }
 554   }
 555 }
 556 
 557 Method* ConstantPool::method_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool,
 558                                                    int which) {
 559   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 560   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 561   if (!(cache_index >= 0 && cache_index < cpool->cache()->length())) {
 562     // FIXME: should be an assert
 563     log_debug(class, resolve)("bad operand %d in:", which); cpool->print();
 564     return NULL;
 565   }
 566   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 567   return e->method_if_resolved(cpool);
 568 }
 569 
 570 
 571 bool ConstantPool::has_appendix_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 572   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return false;  // nothing to load yet
 573   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 574   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 575   return e->has_appendix();
 576 }
 577 
 578 oop ConstantPool::appendix_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 579   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 580   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 581   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 582   return e->appendix_if_resolved(cpool);
 583 }
 584 
 585 
 586 bool ConstantPool::has_method_type_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 587   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return false;  // nothing to load yet
 588   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 589   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 590   return e->has_method_type();
 591 }
 592 
 593 oop ConstantPool::method_type_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 594   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 595   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 596   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 597   return e->method_type_if_resolved(cpool);
 598 }
 599 
 600 
 601 Symbol* ConstantPool::impl_name_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 602   int name_index = name_ref_index_at(impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which, uncached));
 603   return symbol_at(name_index);
 604 }
 605 
 606 
 607 Symbol* ConstantPool::impl_signature_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 608   int signature_index = signature_ref_index_at(impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which, uncached));
 609   return symbol_at(signature_index);
 610 }
 611 
 612 int ConstantPool::impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 613   int i = which;
 614   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 615     if (ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which)) {
 616       // Invokedynamic index is index into the constant pool cache
 617       int pool_index = invokedynamic_cp_cache_entry_at(which)->constant_pool_index();
 618       pool_index = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(pool_index);
 619       assert(tag_at(pool_index).is_name_and_type(), "");
 620       return pool_index;
 621     }
 622     // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 623     i = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 624   } else {
 625     if (tag_at(which).is_invoke_dynamic() ||
 626         tag_at(which).is_dynamic_constant() ||
 627         tag_at(which).is_dynamic_constant_in_error()) {
 628       int pool_index = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which);
 629       assert(tag_at(pool_index).is_name_and_type(), "");
 630       return pool_index;
 631     }
 632   }
 633   assert(tag_at(i).is_field_or_method(), "Corrupted constant pool");
 634   assert(!tag_at(i).is_invoke_dynamic() &&
 635          !tag_at(i).is_dynamic_constant() &&
 636          !tag_at(i).is_dynamic_constant_in_error(), "Must be handled above");
 637   jint ref_index = *int_at_addr(i);
 638   return extract_high_short_from_int(ref_index);
 639 }
 640 
 641 constantTag ConstantPool::impl_tag_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 642   int pool_index = which;
 643   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 644     if (ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which)) {
 645       // Invokedynamic index is index into resolved_references
 646       pool_index = invokedynamic_cp_cache_entry_at(which)->constant_pool_index();
 647     } else {
 648       // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 649       pool_index = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 650     }
 651   }
 652   return tag_at(pool_index);
 653 }
 654 
 655 int ConstantPool::impl_klass_ref_index_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 656   guarantee(!ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which),
 657             "an invokedynamic instruction does not have a klass");
 658   int i = which;
 659   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 660     // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 661     i = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 662   }
 663   assert(tag_at(i).is_field_or_method(), "Corrupted constant pool");
 664   jint ref_index = *int_at_addr(i);
 665   return extract_low_short_from_int(ref_index);
 666 }
 667 
 668 
 669 
 670 int ConstantPool::remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(int operand) {
 671   int cpc_index = operand;
 672   DEBUG_ONLY(cpc_index -= CPCACHE_INDEX_TAG);
 673   assert((int)(u2)cpc_index == cpc_index, "clean u2");
 674   int member_index = cache()->entry_at(cpc_index)->constant_pool_index();
 675   return member_index;
 676 }
 677 
 678 
 679 void ConstantPool::verify_constant_pool_resolve(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, Klass* k, TRAPS) {
 680   if (!(k->is_instance_klass() || k->is_objArray_klass())) {
 681     return;  // short cut, typeArray klass is always accessible
 682   }
 683   Klass* holder = this_cp->pool_holder();
 684   bool fold_type_to_class = true;
 685   LinkResolver::check_klass_accessability(holder, k, fold_type_to_class, CHECK);
 686 }
 687 
 688 
 689 int ConstantPool::name_ref_index_at(int which_nt) {
 690   jint ref_index = name_and_type_at(which_nt);
 691   return extract_low_short_from_int(ref_index);
 692 }
 693 
 694 
 695 int ConstantPool::signature_ref_index_at(int which_nt) {
 696   jint ref_index = name_and_type_at(which_nt);
 697   return extract_high_short_from_int(ref_index);
 698 }
 699 
 700 
 701 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_ref_at(int which, TRAPS) {
 702   return klass_at(klass_ref_index_at(which), THREAD);
 703 }
 704 
 705 Symbol* ConstantPool::klass_name_at(int which) const {
 706   return symbol_at(klass_slot_at(which).name_index());
 707 }
 708 
 709 Symbol* ConstantPool::klass_ref_at_noresolve(int which) {
 710   jint ref_index = klass_ref_index_at(which);
 711   return klass_at_noresolve(ref_index);
 712 }
 713 
 714 Symbol* ConstantPool::uncached_klass_ref_at_noresolve(int which) {
 715   jint ref_index = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(which);
 716   return klass_at_noresolve(ref_index);
 717 }
 718 
 719 char* ConstantPool::string_at_noresolve(int which) {
 720   return unresolved_string_at(which)->as_C_string();
 721 }
 722 
 723 BasicType ConstantPool::basic_type_for_signature_at(int which) const {
 724   return FieldType::basic_type(symbol_at(which));
 725 }
 726 
 727 
 728 void ConstantPool::resolve_string_constants_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, TRAPS) {
 729   for (int index = 1; index < this_cp->length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 730     if (this_cp->tag_at(index).is_string()) {
 731       this_cp->string_at(index, CHECK);
 732     }
 733   }
 734 }
 735 
 736 Symbol* ConstantPool::exception_message(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, constantTag tag, oop pending_exception) {
 737   // Dig out the detailed message to reuse if possible
 738   Symbol* message = java_lang_Throwable::detail_message(pending_exception);
 739   if (message != NULL) {
 740     return message;
 741   }
 742 
 743   // Return specific message for the tag
 744   switch (tag.value()) {
 745   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 746     // return the class name in the error message
 747     message = this_cp->klass_name_at(which);
 748     break;
 749   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
 750     // return the method handle name in the error message
 751     message = this_cp->method_handle_name_ref_at(which);
 752     break;
 753   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
 754     // return the method type signature in the error message
 755     message = this_cp->method_type_signature_at(which);
 756     break;
 757   default:
 758     ShouldNotReachHere();
 759   }
 760 
 761   return message;
 762 }
 763 
 764 void ConstantPool::throw_resolution_error(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, TRAPS) {
 765   Symbol* message = NULL;
 766   Symbol* error = SystemDictionary::find_resolution_error(this_cp, which, &message);
 767   assert(error != NULL && message != NULL, "checking");
 768   CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 769   ResourceMark rm;
 770   THROW_MSG(error, message->as_C_string());
 771 }
 772 
 773 // If resolution for Class, Dynamic constant, MethodHandle or MethodType fails, save the
 774 // exception in the resolution error table, so that the same exception is thrown again.
 775 void ConstantPool::save_and_throw_exception(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which,
 776                                             constantTag tag, TRAPS) {
 777   Symbol* error = PENDING_EXCEPTION->klass()->name();
 778 
 779   int error_tag = tag.error_value();
 780 
 781   if (!PENDING_EXCEPTION->
 782     is_a(SystemDictionary::LinkageError_klass())) {
 783     // Just throw the exception and don't prevent these classes from
 784     // being loaded due to virtual machine errors like StackOverflow
 785     // and OutOfMemoryError, etc, or if the thread was hit by stop()
 786     // Needs clarification to section 5.4.3 of the VM spec (see 6308271)
 787   } else if (this_cp->tag_at(which).value() != error_tag) {
 788     Symbol* message = exception_message(this_cp, which, tag, PENDING_EXCEPTION);
 789     SystemDictionary::add_resolution_error(this_cp, which, error, message);
 790     // CAS in the tag.  If a thread beat us to registering this error that's fine.
 791     // If another thread resolved the reference, this is a race condition. This
 792     // thread may have had a security manager or something temporary.
 793     // This doesn't deterministically get an error.   So why do we save this?
 794     // We save this because jvmti can add classes to the bootclass path after
 795     // this error, so it needs to get the same error if the error is first.
 796     jbyte old_tag = Atomic::cmpxchg((jbyte)error_tag,
 797                             (jbyte*)this_cp->tag_addr_at(which), (jbyte)tag.value());
 798     if (old_tag != error_tag && old_tag != tag.value()) {
 799       // MethodHandles and MethodType doesn't change to resolved version.
 800       assert(this_cp->tag_at(which).is_klass(), "Wrong tag value");
 801       // Forget the exception and use the resolved class.
 802       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 803     }
 804   } else {
 805     // some other thread put this in error state
 806     throw_resolution_error(this_cp, which, CHECK);
 807   }
 808 }
 809 
 810 constantTag ConstantPool::constant_tag_at(int which) {
 811   constantTag tag = tag_at(which);
 812   if (tag.is_dynamic_constant() ||
 813       tag.is_dynamic_constant_in_error()) {
 814     // have to look at the signature for this one
 815     Symbol* constant_type = uncached_signature_ref_at(which);
 816     return constantTag::ofBasicType(FieldType::basic_type(constant_type));
 817   }
 818   return tag;
 819 }
 820 
 821 BasicType ConstantPool::basic_type_for_constant_at(int which) {
 822   constantTag tag = tag_at(which);
 823   if (tag.is_dynamic_constant() ||
 824       tag.is_dynamic_constant_in_error()) {
 825     // have to look at the signature for this one
 826     Symbol* constant_type = uncached_signature_ref_at(which);
 827     return FieldType::basic_type(constant_type);
 828   }
 829   return tag.basic_type();
 830 }
 831 
 832 // Called to resolve constants in the constant pool and return an oop.
 833 // Some constant pool entries cache their resolved oop. This is also
 834 // called to create oops from constants to use in arguments for invokedynamic
 835 oop ConstantPool::resolve_constant_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp,
 836                                            int index, int cache_index,
 837                                            bool* status_return, TRAPS) {
 838   oop result_oop = NULL;
 839   Handle throw_exception;
 840 
 841   if (cache_index == _possible_index_sentinel) {
 842     // It is possible that this constant is one which is cached in the objects.
 843     // We'll do a linear search.  This should be OK because this usage is rare.
 844     // FIXME: If bootstrap specifiers stress this code, consider putting in
 845     // a reverse index.  Binary search over a short array should do it.
 846     assert(index > 0, "valid index");
 847     cache_index = this_cp->cp_to_object_index(index);
 848   }
 849   assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel || cache_index >= 0, "");
 850   assert(index == _no_index_sentinel || index >= 0, "");
 851 
 852   if (cache_index >= 0) {
 853     result_oop = this_cp->resolved_references()->obj_at(cache_index);
 854     if (result_oop != NULL) {
 855       if (oopDesc::equals(result_oop, Universe::the_null_sentinel())) {
 856         DEBUG_ONLY(int temp_index = (index >= 0 ? index : this_cp->object_to_cp_index(cache_index)));
 857         assert(this_cp->tag_at(temp_index).is_dynamic_constant(), "only condy uses the null sentinel");
 858         result_oop = NULL;
 859       }
 860       if (status_return != NULL)  (*status_return) = true;
 861       return result_oop;
 862       // That was easy...
 863     }
 864     index = this_cp->object_to_cp_index(cache_index);
 865   }
 866 
 867   jvalue prim_value;  // temp used only in a few cases below
 868 
 869   constantTag tag = this_cp->tag_at(index);
 870 
 871   if (status_return != NULL) {
 872     // don't trigger resolution if the constant might need it
 873     switch (tag.value()) {
 874     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 875     {
 876       CPKlassSlot kslot = this_cp->klass_slot_at(index);
 877       int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 878       if (this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index) == NULL) {
 879         (*status_return) = false;
 880         return NULL;
 881       }
 882       // the klass is waiting in the CP; go get it
 883       break;
 884     }
 885     case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
 886     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
 887     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
 888     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
 889     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
 890       // these guys trigger OOM at worst
 891       break;
 892     default:
 893       (*status_return) = false;
 894       return NULL;
 895     }
 896     // from now on there is either success or an OOME
 897     (*status_return) = true;
 898   }
 899 
 900   switch (tag.value()) {
 901 
 902   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 903   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
 904   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 905     {
 906       assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
 907       Klass* resolved = klass_at_impl(this_cp, index, true, CHECK_NULL);
 908       // ldc wants the java mirror.
 909       result_oop = resolved->java_mirror();
 910       break;
 911     }
 912 
 913   case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
 914     {
 915       Klass* current_klass  = this_cp->pool_holder();
 916       Symbol* constant_name = this_cp->uncached_name_ref_at(index);
 917       Symbol* constant_type = this_cp->uncached_signature_ref_at(index);
 918 
 919       // The initial step in resolving an unresolved symbolic reference to a
 920       // dynamically-computed constant is to resolve the symbolic reference to a
 921       // method handle which will be the bootstrap method for the dynamically-computed
 922       // constant. If resolution of the java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle for the bootstrap
 923       // method fails, then a MethodHandleInError is stored at the corresponding
 924       // bootstrap method's CP index for the CONSTANT_MethodHandle_info. No need to
 925       // set a DynamicConstantInError here since any subsequent use of this
 926       // bootstrap method will encounter the resolution of MethodHandleInError.
 927       oop bsm_info = this_cp->resolve_bootstrap_specifier_at(index, THREAD);
 928       Exceptions::wrap_dynamic_exception(CHECK_NULL);
 929       assert(bsm_info != NULL, "");
 930       // FIXME: Cache this once per BootstrapMethods entry, not once per CONSTANT_Dynamic.
 931       Handle bootstrap_specifier = Handle(THREAD, bsm_info);
 932 
 933       // Resolve the Dynamically-Computed constant to invoke the BSM in order to obtain the resulting oop.
 934       Handle value = SystemDictionary::link_dynamic_constant(current_klass,
 935                                                              index,
 936                                                              bootstrap_specifier,
 937                                                              constant_name,
 938                                                              constant_type,
 939                                                              THREAD);
 940       result_oop = value();
 941       Exceptions::wrap_dynamic_exception(THREAD);
 942       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 943         // Resolution failure of the dynamically-computed constant, save_and_throw_exception
 944         // will check for a LinkageError and store a DynamicConstantInError.
 945         save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, index, tag, CHECK_NULL);
 946       }
 947       BasicType type = FieldType::basic_type(constant_type);
 948       if (!is_reference_type(type)) {
 949         // Make sure the primitive value is properly boxed.
 950         // This is a JDK responsibility.
 951         const char* fail = NULL;
 952         if (result_oop == NULL) {
 953           fail = "null result instead of box";
 954         } else if (!is_java_primitive(type)) {
 955           // FIXME: support value types via unboxing
 956           fail = "can only handle references and primitives";
 957         } else if (!java_lang_boxing_object::is_instance(result_oop, type)) {
 958           fail = "primitive is not properly boxed";
 959         }
 960         if (fail != NULL) {
 961           // Since this exception is not a LinkageError, throw exception
 962           // but do not save a DynamicInError resolution result.
 963           // See section 5.4.3 of the VM spec.
 964           THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), fail);
 965         }
 966       }
 967       break;
 968     }
 969 
 970   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
 971     assert(cache_index != _no_index_sentinel, "should have been set");
 972     if (this_cp->is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
 973       result_oop = this_cp->pseudo_string_at(index, cache_index);
 974       break;
 975     }
 976     result_oop = string_at_impl(this_cp, index, cache_index, CHECK_NULL);
 977     break;
 978 
 979   case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError:
 980   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
 981   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
 982     {
 983       throw_resolution_error(this_cp, index, CHECK_NULL);
 984       break;
 985     }
 986 
 987   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
 988     {
 989       int ref_kind                 = this_cp->method_handle_ref_kind_at(index);
 990       int callee_index             = this_cp->method_handle_klass_index_at(index);
 991       Symbol*  name =      this_cp->method_handle_name_ref_at(index);
 992       Symbol*  signature = this_cp->method_handle_signature_ref_at(index);
 993       constantTag m_tag  = this_cp->tag_at(this_cp->method_handle_index_at(index));
 994       { ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 995         log_debug(class, resolve)("resolve JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:%d [%d/%d/%d] %s.%s",
 996                               ref_kind, index, this_cp->method_handle_index_at(index),
 997                               callee_index, name->as_C_string(), signature->as_C_string());
 998       }
 999 
1000       Klass* callee = klass_at_impl(this_cp, callee_index, true, CHECK_NULL);
1001 
1002       // Check constant pool method consistency
1003       if ((callee->is_interface() && m_tag.is_method()) ||
1004           ((!callee->is_interface() && m_tag.is_interface_method()))) {
1005         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1006         char buf[400];
1007         jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
1008           "Inconsistent constant pool data in classfile for class %s. "
1009           "Method %s%s at index %d is %s and should be %s",
1010           callee->name()->as_C_string(), name->as_C_string(), signature->as_C_string(), index,
1011           callee->is_interface() ? "CONSTANT_MethodRef" : "CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodRef",
1012           callee->is_interface() ? "CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodRef" : "CONSTANT_MethodRef");
1013         THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), buf);
1014       }
1015 
1016       Klass* klass = this_cp->pool_holder();
1017       Handle value = SystemDictionary::link_method_handle_constant(klass, ref_kind,
1018                                                                    callee, name, signature,
1019                                                                    THREAD);
1020       result_oop = value();
1021       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1022         save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, index, tag, CHECK_NULL);
1023       }
1024       break;
1025     }
1026 
1027   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1028     {
1029       Symbol*  signature = this_cp->method_type_signature_at(index);
1030       { ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1031         log_debug(class, resolve)("resolve JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType [%d/%d] %s",
1032                               index, this_cp->method_type_index_at(index),
1033                               signature->as_C_string());
1034       }
1035       Klass* klass = this_cp->pool_holder();
1036       Handle value = SystemDictionary::find_method_handle_type(signature, klass, THREAD);
1037       result_oop = value();
1038       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1039         save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, index, tag, CHECK_NULL);
1040       }
1041       break;
1042     }
1043 
1044   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1045     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1046     prim_value.i = this_cp->int_at(index);
1047     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_INT, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1048     break;
1049 
1050   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1051     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1052     prim_value.f = this_cp->float_at(index);
1053     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_FLOAT, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1054     break;
1055 
1056   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1057     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1058     prim_value.j = this_cp->long_at(index);
1059     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_LONG, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1060     break;
1061 
1062   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1063     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1064     prim_value.d = this_cp->double_at(index);
1065     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_DOUBLE, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1066     break;
1067 
1068   default:
1069     DEBUG_ONLY( tty->print_cr("*** %p: tag at CP[%d/%d] = %d",
1070                               this_cp(), index, cache_index, tag.value()));
1071     assert(false, "unexpected constant tag");
1072     break;
1073   }
1074 
1075   if (cache_index >= 0) {
1076     // Benign race condition:  resolved_references may already be filled in.
1077     // The important thing here is that all threads pick up the same result.
1078     // It doesn't matter which racing thread wins, as long as only one
1079     // result is used by all threads, and all future queries.
1080     oop new_result = (result_oop == NULL ? Universe::the_null_sentinel() : result_oop);
1081     oop old_result = this_cp->resolved_references()
1082       ->atomic_compare_exchange_oop(cache_index, new_result, NULL);
1083     if (old_result == NULL) {
1084       return result_oop;  // was installed
1085     } else {
1086       // Return the winning thread's result.  This can be different than
1087       // the result here for MethodHandles.
1088       if (oopDesc::equals(old_result, Universe::the_null_sentinel()))
1089         old_result = NULL;
1090       return old_result;
1091     }
1092   } else {
1093     assert(!oopDesc::equals(result_oop, Universe::the_null_sentinel()), "");
1094     return result_oop;
1095   }
1096 }
1097 
1098 oop ConstantPool::uncached_string_at(int which, TRAPS) {
1099   Symbol* sym = unresolved_string_at(which);
1100   oop str = StringTable::intern(sym, CHECK_(NULL));
1101   assert(java_lang_String::is_instance(str), "must be string");
1102   return str;
1103 }
1104 
1105 
1106 oop ConstantPool::resolve_bootstrap_specifier_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int index, TRAPS) {
1107   assert((this_cp->tag_at(index).is_invoke_dynamic() ||
1108           this_cp->tag_at(index).is_dynamic_constant()), "Corrupted constant pool");
1109   Handle bsm;
1110   int argc;
1111   {
1112     // JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic is an ordered pair of [bootm, name&mtype], plus optional arguments
1113     // JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic is an ordered pair of [bootm, name&ftype], plus optional arguments
1114     // In both cases, the bootm, being a JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle, has its own cache entry.
1115     // It is accompanied by the optional arguments.
1116     int bsm_index = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(index);
1117     oop bsm_oop = this_cp->resolve_possibly_cached_constant_at(bsm_index, CHECK_NULL);
1118     if (!java_lang_invoke_MethodHandle::is_instance(bsm_oop)) {
1119       THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_LinkageError(), "BSM not an MethodHandle");
1120     }
1121 
1122     // Extract the optional static arguments.
1123     argc = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index);
1124 
1125     // if there are no static arguments, return the bsm by itself:
1126     if (argc == 0 && UseBootstrapCallInfo < 2)  return bsm_oop;
1127 
1128     bsm = Handle(THREAD, bsm_oop);
1129   }
1130 
1131   // We are going to return an ordered pair of {bsm, info}, using a 2-array.
1132   objArrayHandle info;
1133   {
1134     objArrayOop info_oop = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), 2, CHECK_NULL);
1135     info = objArrayHandle(THREAD, info_oop);
1136   }
1137 
1138   info->obj_at_put(0, bsm());
1139 
1140   bool use_BSCI;
1141   switch (UseBootstrapCallInfo) {
1142   default: use_BSCI = true;  break;  // stress mode
1143   case 0:  use_BSCI = false; break;  // stress mode
1144   case 1:                            // normal mode
1145     // If we were to support an alternative mode of BSM invocation,
1146     // we'd convert to pull mode here if the BSM could be a candidate
1147     // for that alternative mode.  We can't easily test for things
1148     // like varargs here, but we can get away with approximate testing,
1149     // since the JDK runtime will make up the difference either way.
1150     // For now, exercise the pull-mode path if the BSM is of arity 2,
1151     // or if there is a potential condy loop (see below).
1152     oop mt_oop = java_lang_invoke_MethodHandle::type(bsm());
1153     use_BSCI = (java_lang_invoke_MethodType::ptype_count(mt_oop) == 2);
1154     break;
1155   }
1156 
1157   // Here's a reason to use BSCI even if it wasn't requested:
1158   // If a condy uses a condy argument, we want to avoid infinite
1159   // recursion (condy loops) in the C code.  It's OK in Java,
1160   // because Java has stack overflow checking, so we punt
1161   // potentially cyclic cases from C to Java.
1162   if (!use_BSCI && this_cp->tag_at(index).is_dynamic_constant()) {
1163     bool found_unresolved_condy = false;
1164     for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1165       int arg_index = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, i);
1166       if (this_cp->tag_at(arg_index).is_dynamic_constant()) {
1167         // potential recursion point condy -> condy
1168         bool found_it = false;
1169         this_cp->find_cached_constant_at(arg_index, found_it, CHECK_NULL);
1170         if (!found_it) { found_unresolved_condy = true; break; }
1171       }
1172     }
1173     if (found_unresolved_condy)
1174       use_BSCI = true;
1175   }
1176 
1177   const int SMALL_ARITY = 5;
1178   if (use_BSCI && argc <= SMALL_ARITY && UseBootstrapCallInfo <= 2) {
1179     // If there are only a few arguments, and none of them need linking,
1180     // push them, instead of asking the JDK runtime to turn around and
1181     // pull them, saving a JVM/JDK transition in some simple cases.
1182     bool all_resolved = true;
1183     for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1184       bool found_it = false;
1185       int arg_index = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, i);
1186       this_cp->find_cached_constant_at(arg_index, found_it, CHECK_NULL);
1187       if (!found_it) { all_resolved = false; break; }
1188     }
1189     if (all_resolved)
1190       use_BSCI = false;
1191   }
1192 
1193   if (!use_BSCI) {
1194     // return {bsm, {arg...}}; resolution of arguments is done immediately, before JDK code is called
1195     objArrayOop args_oop = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), argc, CHECK_NULL);
1196     info->obj_at_put(1, args_oop);   // may overwrite with args[0] below
1197     objArrayHandle args(THREAD, args_oop);
1198     copy_bootstrap_arguments_at_impl(this_cp, index, 0, argc, args, 0, true, Handle(), CHECK_NULL);
1199     if (argc == 1) {
1200       // try to discard the singleton array
1201       oop arg_oop = args->obj_at(0);
1202       if (arg_oop != NULL && !arg_oop->is_array()) {
1203         // JVM treats arrays and nulls specially in this position,
1204         // but other things are just single arguments
1205         info->obj_at_put(1, arg_oop);
1206       }
1207     }
1208   } else {
1209     // return {bsm, {arg_count, pool_index}}; JDK code must pull the arguments as needed
1210     typeArrayOop ints_oop = oopFactory::new_typeArray(T_INT, 2, CHECK_NULL);
1211     ints_oop->int_at_put(0, argc);
1212     ints_oop->int_at_put(1, index);
1213     info->obj_at_put(1, ints_oop);
1214   }
1215   return info();
1216 }
1217 
1218 void ConstantPool::copy_bootstrap_arguments_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int index,
1219                                                     int start_arg, int end_arg,
1220                                                     objArrayHandle info, int pos,
1221                                                     bool must_resolve, Handle if_not_available,
1222                                                     TRAPS) {
1223   int argc;
1224   int limit = pos + end_arg - start_arg;
1225   // checks: index in range [0..this_cp->length),
1226   // tag at index, start..end in range [0..argc],
1227   // info array non-null, pos..limit in [0..info.length]
1228   if ((0 >= index    || index >= this_cp->length())  ||
1229       !(this_cp->tag_at(index).is_invoke_dynamic()    ||
1230         this_cp->tag_at(index).is_dynamic_constant()) ||
1231       (0 > start_arg || start_arg > end_arg) ||
1232       (end_arg > (argc = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index))) ||
1233       (0 > pos       || pos > limit)         ||
1234       (info.is_null() || limit > info->length())) {
1235     // An index or something else went wrong; throw an error.
1236     // Since this is an internal API, we don't expect this,
1237     // so we don't bother to craft a nice message.
1238     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_LinkageError(), "bad BSM argument access");
1239   }
1240   // now we can loop safely
1241   int info_i = pos;
1242   for (int i = start_arg; i < end_arg; i++) {
1243     int arg_index = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, i);
1244     oop arg_oop;
1245     if (must_resolve) {
1246       arg_oop = this_cp->resolve_possibly_cached_constant_at(arg_index, CHECK);
1247     } else {
1248       bool found_it = false;
1249       arg_oop = this_cp->find_cached_constant_at(arg_index, found_it, CHECK);
1250       if (!found_it)  arg_oop = if_not_available();
1251     }
1252     info->obj_at_put(info_i++, arg_oop);
1253   }
1254 }
1255 
1256 oop ConstantPool::string_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, int obj_index, TRAPS) {
1257   // If the string has already been interned, this entry will be non-null
1258   oop str = this_cp->resolved_references()->obj_at(obj_index);
1259   assert(!oopDesc::equals(str, Universe::the_null_sentinel()), "");
1260   if (str != NULL) return str;
1261   Symbol* sym = this_cp->unresolved_string_at(which);
1262   str = StringTable::intern(sym, CHECK_(NULL));
1263   this_cp->string_at_put(which, obj_index, str);
1264   assert(java_lang_String::is_instance(str), "must be string");
1265   return str;
1266 }
1267 
1268 
1269 bool ConstantPool::klass_name_at_matches(const InstanceKlass* k, int which) {
1270   // Names are interned, so we can compare Symbol*s directly
1271   Symbol* cp_name = klass_name_at(which);
1272   return (cp_name == k->name());
1273 }
1274 
1275 
1276 // Iterate over symbols and decrement ones which are Symbol*s
1277 // This is done during GC.
1278 // Only decrement the UTF8 symbols. Strings point to
1279 // these symbols but didn't increment the reference count.
1280 void ConstantPool::unreference_symbols() {
1281   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
1282     constantTag tag = tag_at(index);
1283     if (tag.is_symbol()) {
1284       symbol_at(index)->decrement_refcount();
1285     }
1286   }
1287 }
1288 
1289 
1290 // Compare this constant pool's entry at index1 to the constant pool
1291 // cp2's entry at index2.
1292 bool ConstantPool::compare_entry_to(int index1, const constantPoolHandle& cp2,
1293        int index2, TRAPS) {
1294 
1295   // The error tags are equivalent to non-error tags when comparing
1296   jbyte t1 = tag_at(index1).non_error_value();
1297   jbyte t2 = cp2->tag_at(index2).non_error_value();
1298 
1299   if (t1 != t2) {
1300     // Not the same entry type so there is nothing else to check. Note
1301     // that this style of checking will consider resolved/unresolved
1302     // class pairs as different.
1303     // From the ConstantPool* API point of view, this is correct
1304     // behavior. See VM_RedefineClasses::merge_constant_pools() to see how this
1305     // plays out in the context of ConstantPool* merging.
1306     return false;
1307   }
1308 
1309   switch (t1) {
1310   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
1311   {
1312     Klass* k1 = klass_at(index1, CHECK_false);
1313     Klass* k2 = cp2->klass_at(index2, CHECK_false);
1314     if (k1 == k2) {
1315       return true;
1316     }
1317   } break;
1318 
1319   case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
1320   {
1321     int recur1 = klass_index_at(index1);
1322     int recur2 = cp2->klass_index_at(index2);
1323     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1324     if (match) {
1325       return true;
1326     }
1327   } break;
1328 
1329   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1330   {
1331     jdouble d1 = double_at(index1);
1332     jdouble d2 = cp2->double_at(index2);
1333     if (d1 == d2) {
1334       return true;
1335     }
1336   } break;
1337 
1338   case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
1339   case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
1340   case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
1341   {
1342     int recur1 = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index1);
1343     int recur2 = cp2->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index2);
1344     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1345     if (match) {
1346       recur1 = uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
1347       recur2 = cp2->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
1348       match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1349       if (match) {
1350         return true;
1351       }
1352     }
1353   } break;
1354 
1355   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1356   {
1357     jfloat f1 = float_at(index1);
1358     jfloat f2 = cp2->float_at(index2);
1359     if (f1 == f2) {
1360       return true;
1361     }
1362   } break;
1363 
1364   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1365   {
1366     jint i1 = int_at(index1);
1367     jint i2 = cp2->int_at(index2);
1368     if (i1 == i2) {
1369       return true;
1370     }
1371   } break;
1372 
1373   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1374   {
1375     jlong l1 = long_at(index1);
1376     jlong l2 = cp2->long_at(index2);
1377     if (l1 == l2) {
1378       return true;
1379     }
1380   } break;
1381 
1382   case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
1383   {
1384     int recur1 = name_ref_index_at(index1);
1385     int recur2 = cp2->name_ref_index_at(index2);
1386     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1387     if (match) {
1388       recur1 = signature_ref_index_at(index1);
1389       recur2 = cp2->signature_ref_index_at(index2);
1390       match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1391       if (match) {
1392         return true;
1393       }
1394     }
1395   } break;
1396 
1397   case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
1398   {
1399     int recur1 = string_index_at(index1);
1400     int recur2 = cp2->string_index_at(index2);
1401     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1402     if (match) {
1403       return true;
1404     }
1405   } break;
1406 
1407   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
1408   {
1409     Symbol* k1 = klass_name_at(index1);
1410     Symbol* k2 = cp2->klass_name_at(index2);
1411     if (k1 == k2) {
1412       return true;
1413     }
1414   } break;
1415 
1416   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1417   {
1418     int k1 = method_type_index_at(index1);
1419     int k2 = cp2->method_type_index_at(index2);
1420     bool match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1421     if (match) {
1422       return true;
1423     }
1424   } break;
1425 
1426   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
1427   {
1428     int k1 = method_handle_ref_kind_at(index1);
1429     int k2 = cp2->method_handle_ref_kind_at(index2);
1430     if (k1 == k2) {
1431       int i1 = method_handle_index_at(index1);
1432       int i2 = cp2->method_handle_index_at(index2);
1433       bool match = compare_entry_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1434       if (match) {
1435         return true;
1436       }
1437     }
1438   } break;
1439 
1440   case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
1441   {
1442     int k1 = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
1443     int k2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
1444     int i1 = invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index1);
1445     int i2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index2);
1446     // separate statements and variables because CHECK_false is used
1447     bool match_entry = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1448     bool match_operand = compare_operand_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1449     return (match_entry && match_operand);
1450   } break;
1451 
1452   case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
1453   {
1454     int k1 = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
1455     int k2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
1456     int i1 = invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index1);
1457     int i2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index2);
1458     // separate statements and variables because CHECK_false is used
1459     bool match_entry = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1460     bool match_operand = compare_operand_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1461     return (match_entry && match_operand);
1462   } break;
1463 
1464   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
1465   {
1466     Symbol* s1 = unresolved_string_at(index1);
1467     Symbol* s2 = cp2->unresolved_string_at(index2);
1468     if (s1 == s2) {
1469       return true;
1470     }
1471   } break;
1472 
1473   case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
1474   {
1475     Symbol* s1 = symbol_at(index1);
1476     Symbol* s2 = cp2->symbol_at(index2);
1477     if (s1 == s2) {
1478       return true;
1479     }
1480   } break;
1481 
1482   // Invalid is used as the tag for the second constant pool entry
1483   // occupied by JVM_CONSTANT_Double or JVM_CONSTANT_Long. It should
1484   // not be seen by itself.
1485   case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: // fall through
1486 
1487   default:
1488     ShouldNotReachHere();
1489     break;
1490   }
1491 
1492   return false;
1493 } // end compare_entry_to()
1494 
1495 
1496 // Resize the operands array with delta_len and delta_size.
1497 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1498 void ConstantPool::resize_operands(int delta_len, int delta_size, TRAPS) {
1499   int old_len  = operand_array_length(operands());
1500   int new_len  = old_len + delta_len;
1501   int min_len  = (delta_len > 0) ? old_len : new_len;
1502 
1503   int old_size = operands()->length();
1504   int new_size = old_size + delta_size;
1505   int min_size = (delta_size > 0) ? old_size : new_size;
1506 
1507   ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1508   Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, new_size, CHECK);
1509 
1510   // Set index in the resized array for existing elements only
1511   for (int idx = 0; idx < min_len; idx++) {
1512     int offset = operand_offset_at(idx);                       // offset in original array
1513     operand_offset_at_put(new_ops, idx, offset + 2*delta_len); // offset in resized array
1514   }
1515   // Copy the bootstrap specifiers only
1516   Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(operands()->adr_at(2*old_len),
1517                                new_ops->adr_at(2*new_len),
1518                                (min_size - 2*min_len) * sizeof(u2));
1519   // Explicitly deallocate old operands array.
1520   // Note, it is not needed for 7u backport.
1521   if ( operands() != NULL) { // the safety check
1522     MetadataFactory::free_array<u2>(loader_data, operands());
1523   }
1524   set_operands(new_ops);
1525 } // end resize_operands()
1526 
1527 
1528 // Extend the operands array with the length and size of the ext_cp operands.
1529 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1530 void ConstantPool::extend_operands(const constantPoolHandle& ext_cp, TRAPS) {
1531   int delta_len = operand_array_length(ext_cp->operands());
1532   if (delta_len == 0) {
1533     return; // nothing to do
1534   }
1535   int delta_size = ext_cp->operands()->length();
1536 
1537   assert(delta_len  > 0 && delta_size > 0, "extended operands array must be bigger");
1538 
1539   if (operand_array_length(operands()) == 0) {
1540     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1541     Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, delta_size, CHECK);
1542     // The first element index defines the offset of second part
1543     operand_offset_at_put(new_ops, 0, 2*delta_len); // offset in new array
1544     set_operands(new_ops);
1545   } else {
1546     resize_operands(delta_len, delta_size, CHECK);
1547   }
1548 
1549 } // end extend_operands()
1550 
1551 
1552 // Shrink the operands array to a smaller array with new_len length.
1553 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1554 void ConstantPool::shrink_operands(int new_len, TRAPS) {
1555   int old_len = operand_array_length(operands());
1556   if (new_len == old_len) {
1557     return; // nothing to do
1558   }
1559   assert(new_len < old_len, "shrunken operands array must be smaller");
1560 
1561   int free_base  = operand_next_offset_at(new_len - 1);
1562   int delta_len  = new_len - old_len;
1563   int delta_size = 2*delta_len + free_base - operands()->length();
1564 
1565   resize_operands(delta_len, delta_size, CHECK);
1566 
1567 } // end shrink_operands()
1568 
1569 
1570 void ConstantPool::copy_operands(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp,
1571                                  const constantPoolHandle& to_cp,
1572                                  TRAPS) {
1573 
1574   int from_oplen = operand_array_length(from_cp->operands());
1575   int old_oplen  = operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());
1576   if (from_oplen != 0) {
1577     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = to_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1578     // append my operands to the target's operands array
1579     if (old_oplen == 0) {
1580       // Can't just reuse from_cp's operand list because of deallocation issues
1581       int len = from_cp->operands()->length();
1582       Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, len, CHECK);
1583       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(
1584           from_cp->operands()->adr_at(0), new_ops->adr_at(0), len * sizeof(u2));
1585       to_cp->set_operands(new_ops);
1586     } else {
1587       int old_len  = to_cp->operands()->length();
1588       int from_len = from_cp->operands()->length();
1589       int old_off  = old_oplen * sizeof(u2);
1590       int from_off = from_oplen * sizeof(u2);
1591       // Use the metaspace for the destination constant pool
1592       Array<u2>* new_operands = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, old_len + from_len, CHECK);
1593       int fillp = 0, len = 0;
1594       // first part of dest
1595       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(to_cp->operands()->adr_at(0),
1596                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1597                                    (len = old_off) * sizeof(u2));
1598       fillp += len;
1599       // first part of src
1600       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(from_cp->operands()->adr_at(0),
1601                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1602                                    (len = from_off) * sizeof(u2));
1603       fillp += len;
1604       // second part of dest
1605       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(to_cp->operands()->adr_at(old_off),
1606                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1607                                    (len = old_len - old_off) * sizeof(u2));
1608       fillp += len;
1609       // second part of src
1610       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(from_cp->operands()->adr_at(from_off),
1611                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1612                                    (len = from_len - from_off) * sizeof(u2));
1613       fillp += len;
1614       assert(fillp == new_operands->length(), "");
1615 
1616       // Adjust indexes in the first part of the copied operands array.
1617       for (int j = 0; j < from_oplen; j++) {
1618         int offset = operand_offset_at(new_operands, old_oplen + j);
1619         assert(offset == operand_offset_at(from_cp->operands(), j), "correct copy");
1620         offset += old_len;  // every new tuple is preceded by old_len extra u2's
1621         operand_offset_at_put(new_operands, old_oplen + j, offset);
1622       }
1623 
1624       // replace target operands array with combined array
1625       to_cp->set_operands(new_operands);
1626     }
1627   }
1628 } // end copy_operands()
1629 
1630 
1631 // Copy this constant pool's entries at start_i to end_i (inclusive)
1632 // to the constant pool to_cp's entries starting at to_i. A total of
1633 // (end_i - start_i) + 1 entries are copied.
1634 void ConstantPool::copy_cp_to_impl(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp, int start_i, int end_i,
1635        const constantPoolHandle& to_cp, int to_i, TRAPS) {
1636 
1637 
1638   int dest_i = to_i;  // leave original alone for debug purposes
1639 
1640   for (int src_i = start_i; src_i <= end_i; /* see loop bottom */ ) {
1641     copy_entry_to(from_cp, src_i, to_cp, dest_i, CHECK);
1642 
1643     switch (from_cp->tag_at(src_i).value()) {
1644     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1645     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1646       // double and long take two constant pool entries
1647       src_i += 2;
1648       dest_i += 2;
1649       break;
1650 
1651     default:
1652       // all others take one constant pool entry
1653       src_i++;
1654       dest_i++;
1655       break;
1656     }
1657   }
1658   copy_operands(from_cp, to_cp, CHECK);
1659 
1660 } // end copy_cp_to_impl()
1661 
1662 
1663 // Copy this constant pool's entry at from_i to the constant pool
1664 // to_cp's entry at to_i.
1665 void ConstantPool::copy_entry_to(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp, int from_i,
1666                                         const constantPoolHandle& to_cp, int to_i,
1667                                         TRAPS) {
1668 
1669   int tag = from_cp->tag_at(from_i).value();
1670   switch (tag) {
1671   case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
1672   {
1673     jint ki = from_cp->klass_index_at(from_i);
1674     to_cp->klass_index_at_put(to_i, ki);
1675   } break;
1676 
1677   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1678   {
1679     jdouble d = from_cp->double_at(from_i);
1680     to_cp->double_at_put(to_i, d);
1681     // double takes two constant pool entries so init second entry's tag
1682     to_cp->tag_at_put(to_i + 1, JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid);
1683   } break;
1684 
1685   case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
1686   {
1687     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1688     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1689     to_cp->field_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1690   } break;
1691 
1692   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1693   {
1694     jfloat f = from_cp->float_at(from_i);
1695     to_cp->float_at_put(to_i, f);
1696   } break;
1697 
1698   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1699   {
1700     jint i = from_cp->int_at(from_i);
1701     to_cp->int_at_put(to_i, i);
1702   } break;
1703 
1704   case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
1705   {
1706     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1707     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1708     to_cp->interface_method_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1709   } break;
1710 
1711   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1712   {
1713     jlong l = from_cp->long_at(from_i);
1714     to_cp->long_at_put(to_i, l);
1715     // long takes two constant pool entries so init second entry's tag
1716     to_cp->tag_at_put(to_i + 1, JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid);
1717   } break;
1718 
1719   case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
1720   {
1721     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1722     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1723     to_cp->method_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1724   } break;
1725 
1726   case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
1727   {
1728     int name_ref_index = from_cp->name_ref_index_at(from_i);
1729     int signature_ref_index = from_cp->signature_ref_index_at(from_i);
1730     to_cp->name_and_type_at_put(to_i, name_ref_index, signature_ref_index);
1731   } break;
1732 
1733   case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
1734   {
1735     jint si = from_cp->string_index_at(from_i);
1736     to_cp->string_index_at_put(to_i, si);
1737   } break;
1738 
1739   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
1740   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
1741   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
1742   {
1743     // Revert to JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex
1744     int name_index = from_cp->klass_slot_at(from_i).name_index();
1745     assert(from_cp->tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
1746     to_cp->klass_index_at_put(to_i, name_index);
1747   } break;
1748 
1749   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
1750   {
1751     Symbol* s = from_cp->unresolved_string_at(from_i);
1752     to_cp->unresolved_string_at_put(to_i, s);
1753   } break;
1754 
1755   case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
1756   {
1757     Symbol* s = from_cp->symbol_at(from_i);
1758     // Need to increase refcount, the old one will be thrown away and deferenced
1759     s->increment_refcount();
1760     to_cp->symbol_at_put(to_i, s);
1761   } break;
1762 
1763   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1764   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
1765   {
1766     jint k = from_cp->method_type_index_at(from_i);
1767     to_cp->method_type_index_at_put(to_i, k);
1768   } break;
1769 
1770   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
1771   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
1772   {
1773     int k1 = from_cp->method_handle_ref_kind_at(from_i);
1774     int k2 = from_cp->method_handle_index_at(from_i);
1775     to_cp->method_handle_index_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1776   } break;
1777 
1778   case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
1779   case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError:
1780   {
1781     int k1 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(from_i);
1782     int k2 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1783     k1 += operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());  // to_cp might already have operands
1784     to_cp->dynamic_constant_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1785   } break;
1786 
1787   case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
1788   {
1789     int k1 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(from_i);
1790     int k2 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1791     k1 += operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());  // to_cp might already have operands
1792     to_cp->invoke_dynamic_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1793   } break;
1794 
1795   // Invalid is used as the tag for the second constant pool entry
1796   // occupied by JVM_CONSTANT_Double or JVM_CONSTANT_Long. It should
1797   // not be seen by itself.
1798   case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: // fall through
1799 
1800   default:
1801   {
1802     ShouldNotReachHere();
1803   } break;
1804   }
1805 } // end copy_entry_to()
1806 
1807 // Search constant pool search_cp for an entry that matches this
1808 // constant pool's entry at pattern_i. Returns the index of a
1809 // matching entry or zero (0) if there is no matching entry.
1810 int ConstantPool::find_matching_entry(int pattern_i,
1811       const constantPoolHandle& search_cp, TRAPS) {
1812 
1813   // index zero (0) is not used
1814   for (int i = 1; i < search_cp->length(); i++) {
1815     bool found = compare_entry_to(pattern_i, search_cp, i, CHECK_0);
1816     if (found) {
1817       return i;
1818     }
1819   }
1820 
1821   return 0;  // entry not found; return unused index zero (0)
1822 } // end find_matching_entry()
1823 
1824 
1825 // Compare this constant pool's bootstrap specifier at idx1 to the constant pool
1826 // cp2's bootstrap specifier at idx2.
1827 bool ConstantPool::compare_operand_to(int idx1, const constantPoolHandle& cp2, int idx2, TRAPS) {
1828   int k1 = operand_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(idx1);
1829   int k2 = cp2->operand_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(idx2);
1830   bool match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1831 
1832   if (!match) {
1833     return false;
1834   }
1835   int argc = operand_argument_count_at(idx1);
1836   if (argc == cp2->operand_argument_count_at(idx2)) {
1837     for (int j = 0; j < argc; j++) {
1838       k1 = operand_argument_index_at(idx1, j);
1839       k2 = cp2->operand_argument_index_at(idx2, j);
1840       match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1841       if (!match) {
1842         return false;
1843       }
1844     }
1845     return true;           // got through loop; all elements equal
1846   }
1847   return false;
1848 } // end compare_operand_to()
1849 
1850 // Search constant pool search_cp for a bootstrap specifier that matches
1851 // this constant pool's bootstrap specifier at pattern_i index.
1852 // Return the index of a matching bootstrap specifier or (-1) if there is no match.
1853 int ConstantPool::find_matching_operand(int pattern_i,
1854                     const constantPoolHandle& search_cp, int search_len, TRAPS) {
1855   for (int i = 0; i < search_len; i++) {
1856     bool found = compare_operand_to(pattern_i, search_cp, i, CHECK_(-1));
1857     if (found) {
1858       return i;
1859     }
1860   }
1861   return -1;  // bootstrap specifier not found; return unused index (-1)
1862 } // end find_matching_operand()
1863 
1864 
1865 #ifndef PRODUCT
1866 
1867 const char* ConstantPool::printable_name_at(int which) {
1868 
1869   constantTag tag = tag_at(which);
1870 
1871   if (tag.is_string()) {
1872     return string_at_noresolve(which);
1873   } else if (tag.is_klass() || tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
1874     return klass_name_at(which)->as_C_string();
1875   } else if (tag.is_symbol()) {
1876     return symbol_at(which)->as_C_string();
1877   }
1878   return "";
1879 }
1880 
1881 #endif // PRODUCT
1882 
1883 
1884 // JVMTI GetConstantPool support
1885 
1886 // For debugging of constant pool
1887 const bool debug_cpool = false;
1888 
1889 #define DBG(code) do { if (debug_cpool) { (code); } } while(0)
1890 
1891 static void print_cpool_bytes(jint cnt, u1 *bytes) {
1892   const char* WARN_MSG = "Must not be such entry!";
1893   jint size = 0;
1894   u2   idx1, idx2;
1895 
1896   for (jint idx = 1; idx < cnt; idx++) {
1897     jint ent_size = 0;
1898     u1   tag  = *bytes++;
1899     size++;                       // count tag
1900 
1901     printf("const #%03d, tag: %02d ", idx, tag);
1902     switch(tag) {
1903       case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: {
1904         printf("Invalid");
1905         break;
1906       }
1907       case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode: {
1908         printf("Unicode      %s", WARN_MSG);
1909         break;
1910       }
1911       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
1912         u2 len = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1913         char str[128];
1914         if (len > 127) {
1915            len = 127;
1916         }
1917         strncpy(str, (char *) (bytes+2), len);
1918         str[len] = '\0';
1919         printf("Utf8          \"%s\"", str);
1920         ent_size = 2 + len;
1921         break;
1922       }
1923       case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer: {
1924         u4 val = Bytes::get_Java_u4(bytes);
1925         printf("int          %d", *(int *) &val);
1926         ent_size = 4;
1927         break;
1928       }
1929       case JVM_CONSTANT_Float: {
1930         u4 val = Bytes::get_Java_u4(bytes);
1931         printf("float        %5.3ff", *(float *) &val);
1932         ent_size = 4;
1933         break;
1934       }
1935       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long: {
1936         u8 val = Bytes::get_Java_u8(bytes);
1937         printf("long         " INT64_FORMAT, (int64_t) *(jlong *) &val);
1938         ent_size = 8;
1939         idx++; // Long takes two cpool slots
1940         break;
1941       }
1942       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
1943         u8 val = Bytes::get_Java_u8(bytes);
1944         printf("double       %5.3fd", *(jdouble *)&val);
1945         ent_size = 8;
1946         idx++; // Double takes two cpool slots
1947         break;
1948       }
1949       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class: {
1950         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1951         printf("class        #%03d", idx1);
1952         ent_size = 2;
1953         break;
1954       }
1955       case JVM_CONSTANT_String: {
1956         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1957         printf("String       #%03d", idx1);
1958         ent_size = 2;
1959         break;
1960       }
1961       case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref: {
1962         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1963         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1964         printf("Field        #%03d, #%03d", (int) idx1, (int) idx2);
1965         ent_size = 4;
1966         break;
1967       }
1968       case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref: {
1969         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1970         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1971         printf("Method       #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1972         ent_size = 4;
1973         break;
1974       }
1975       case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: {
1976         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1977         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1978         printf("InterfMethod #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1979         ent_size = 4;
1980         break;
1981       }
1982       case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: {
1983         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1984         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1985         printf("NameAndType  #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1986         ent_size = 4;
1987         break;
1988       }
1989       case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
1990         printf("ClassIndex  %s", WARN_MSG);
1991         break;
1992       }
1993       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass: {
1994         printf("UnresolvedClass: %s", WARN_MSG);
1995         break;
1996       }
1997       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
1998         printf("UnresolvedClassInErr: %s", WARN_MSG);
1999         break;
2000       }
2001       case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: {
2002         printf("StringIndex: %s", WARN_MSG);
2003         break;
2004       }
2005     }
2006     printf(";\n");
2007     bytes += ent_size;
2008     size  += ent_size;
2009   }
2010   printf("Cpool size: %d\n", size);
2011   fflush(0);
2012   return;
2013 } /* end print_cpool_bytes */
2014 
2015 
2016 // Returns size of constant pool entry.
2017 jint ConstantPool::cpool_entry_size(jint idx) {
2018   switch(tag_at(idx).value()) {
2019     case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid:
2020     case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode:
2021       return 1;
2022 
2023     case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
2024       return 3 + symbol_at(idx)->utf8_length();
2025 
2026     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
2027     case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
2028     case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
2029     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
2030     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
2031     case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
2032     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
2033     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
2034       return 3;
2035 
2036     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
2037     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
2038       return 4; //tag, ref_kind, ref_index
2039 
2040     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
2041     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
2042     case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
2043     case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
2044     case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
2045     case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
2046       return 5;
2047 
2048     case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
2049     case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError:
2050     case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
2051       // u1 tag, u2 bsm, u2 nt
2052       return 5;
2053 
2054     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
2055     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
2056       return 9;
2057   }
2058   assert(false, "cpool_entry_size: Invalid constant pool entry tag");
2059   return 1;
2060 } /* end cpool_entry_size */
2061 
2062 
2063 // SymbolHashMap is used to find a constant pool index from a string.
2064 // This function fills in SymbolHashMaps, one for utf8s and one for
2065 // class names, returns size of the cpool raw bytes.
2066 jint ConstantPool::hash_entries_to(SymbolHashMap *symmap,
2067                                           SymbolHashMap *classmap) {
2068   jint size = 0;
2069 
2070   for (u2 idx = 1; idx < length(); idx++) {
2071     u2 tag = tag_at(idx).value();
2072     size += cpool_entry_size(idx);
2073 
2074     switch(tag) {
2075       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
2076         Symbol* sym = symbol_at(idx);
2077         symmap->add_entry(sym, idx);
2078         DBG(printf("adding symbol entry %s = %d\n", sym->as_utf8(), idx));
2079         break;
2080       }
2081       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
2082       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
2083       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
2084         Symbol* sym = klass_name_at(idx);
2085         classmap->add_entry(sym, idx);
2086         DBG(printf("adding class entry %s = %d\n", sym->as_utf8(), idx));
2087         break;
2088       }
2089       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
2090       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
2091         idx++; // Both Long and Double take two cpool slots
2092         break;
2093       }
2094     }
2095   }
2096   return size;
2097 } /* end hash_utf8_entries_to */
2098 
2099 
2100 // Copy cpool bytes.
2101 // Returns:
2102 //    0, in case of OutOfMemoryError
2103 //   -1, in case of internal error
2104 //  > 0, count of the raw cpool bytes that have been copied
2105 int ConstantPool::copy_cpool_bytes(int cpool_size,
2106                                           SymbolHashMap* tbl,
2107                                           unsigned char *bytes) {
2108   u2   idx1, idx2;
2109   jint size  = 0;
2110   jint cnt   = length();
2111   unsigned char *start_bytes = bytes;
2112 
2113   for (jint idx = 1; idx < cnt; idx++) {
2114     u1   tag      = tag_at(idx).value();
2115     jint ent_size = cpool_entry_size(idx);
2116 
2117     assert(size + ent_size <= cpool_size, "Size mismatch");
2118 
2119     *bytes = tag;
2120     DBG(printf("#%03hd tag=%03hd, ", (short)idx, (short)tag));
2121     switch(tag) {
2122       case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: {
2123         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid"));
2124         break;
2125       }
2126       case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode: {
2127         assert(false, "Wrong constant pool tag: JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode");
2128         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode"));
2129         break;
2130       }
2131       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
2132         Symbol* sym = symbol_at(idx);
2133         char*     str = sym->as_utf8();
2134         // Warning! It's crashing on x86 with len = sym->utf8_length()
2135         int       len = (int) strlen(str);
2136         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), (u2) len);
2137         for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
2138             bytes[3+i] = (u1) str[i];
2139         }
2140         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: %s ", str));
2141         break;
2142       }
2143       case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer: {
2144         jint val = int_at(idx);
2145         Bytes::put_Java_u4((address) (bytes+1), *(u4*)&val);
2146         break;
2147       }
2148       case JVM_CONSTANT_Float: {
2149         jfloat val = float_at(idx);
2150         Bytes::put_Java_u4((address) (bytes+1), *(u4*)&val);
2151         break;
2152       }
2153       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long: {
2154         jlong val = long_at(idx);
2155         Bytes::put_Java_u8((address) (bytes+1), *(u8*)&val);
2156         idx++;             // Long takes two cpool slots
2157         break;
2158       }
2159       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
2160         jdouble val = double_at(idx);
2161         Bytes::put_Java_u8((address) (bytes+1), *(u8*)&val);
2162         idx++;             // Double takes two cpool slots
2163         break;
2164       }
2165       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
2166       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
2167       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
2168         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_Class;
2169         Symbol* sym = klass_name_at(idx);
2170         idx1 = tbl->symbol_to_value(sym);
2171         assert(idx1 != 0, "Have not found a hashtable entry");
2172         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2173         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Class: idx=#%03hd, %s", idx1, sym->as_utf8()));
2174         break;
2175       }
2176       case JVM_CONSTANT_String: {
2177         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_String;
2178         Symbol* sym = unresolved_string_at(idx);
2179         idx1 = tbl->symbol_to_value(sym);
2180         assert(idx1 != 0, "Have not found a hashtable entry");
2181         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2182         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_String: idx=#%03hd, %s", idx1, sym->as_utf8()));
2183         break;
2184       }
2185       case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
2186       case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
2187       case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: {
2188         idx1 = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(idx);
2189         idx2 = uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx);
2190         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2191         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2192         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2193         break;
2194       }
2195       case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: {
2196         idx1 = name_ref_index_at(idx);
2197         idx2 = signature_ref_index_at(idx);
2198         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2199         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2200         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2201         break;
2202       }
2203       case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
2204         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_Class;
2205         idx1 = klass_index_at(idx);
2206         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2207         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: %hd", idx1));
2208         break;
2209       }
2210       case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: {
2211         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_String;
2212         idx1 = string_index_at(idx);
2213         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2214         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: %hd", idx1));
2215         break;
2216       }
2217       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
2218       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError: {
2219         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle;
2220         int kind = method_handle_ref_kind_at(idx);
2221         idx1 = method_handle_index_at(idx);
2222         *(bytes+1) = (unsigned char) kind;
2223         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+2), idx1);
2224         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle: %d %hd", kind, idx1));
2225         break;
2226       }
2227       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
2228       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError: {
2229         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType;
2230         idx1 = method_type_index_at(idx);
2231         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2232         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType: %hd", idx1));
2233         break;
2234       }
2235       case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
2236       case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError: {
2237         *bytes = tag;
2238         idx1 = extract_low_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2239         idx2 = extract_high_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2240         assert(idx2 == invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx), "correct half of u4");
2241         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2242         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2243         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2244         break;
2245       }
2246       case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic: {
2247         *bytes = tag;
2248         idx1 = extract_low_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2249         idx2 = extract_high_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2250         assert(idx2 == invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx), "correct half of u4");
2251         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2252         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2253         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2254         break;
2255       }
2256     }
2257     DBG(printf("\n"));
2258     bytes += ent_size;
2259     size  += ent_size;
2260   }
2261   assert(size == cpool_size, "Size mismatch");
2262 
2263   // Keep temorarily for debugging until it's stable.
2264   DBG(print_cpool_bytes(cnt, start_bytes));
2265   return (int)(bytes - start_bytes);
2266 } /* end copy_cpool_bytes */
2267 
2268 #undef DBG
2269 
2270 
2271 void ConstantPool::set_on_stack(const bool value) {
2272   if (value) {
2273     // Only record if it's not already set.
2274     if (!on_stack()) {
2275       assert(!is_shared(), "should always be set for shared constant pools");
2276       _flags |= _on_stack;
2277       MetadataOnStackMark::record(this);
2278     }
2279   } else {
2280     // Clearing is done single-threadedly.
2281     if (!is_shared()) {
2282       _flags &= ~_on_stack;
2283     }
2284   }
2285 }
2286 
2287 // JSR 292 support for patching constant pool oops after the class is linked and
2288 // the oop array for resolved references are created.
2289 // We can't do this during classfile parsing, which is how the other indexes are
2290 // patched.  The other patches are applied early for some error checking
2291 // so only defer the pseudo_strings.
2292 void ConstantPool::patch_resolved_references(GrowableArray<Handle>* cp_patches) {
2293   for (int index = 1; index < cp_patches->length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
2294     Handle patch = cp_patches->at(index);
2295     if (patch.not_null()) {
2296       assert (tag_at(index).is_string(), "should only be string left");
2297       // Patching a string means pre-resolving it.
2298       // The spelling in the constant pool is ignored.
2299       // The constant reference may be any object whatever.
2300       // If it is not a real interned string, the constant is referred
2301       // to as a "pseudo-string", and must be presented to the CP
2302       // explicitly, because it may require scavenging.
2303       int obj_index = cp_to_object_index(index);
2304       pseudo_string_at_put(index, obj_index, patch());
2305      DEBUG_ONLY(cp_patches->at_put(index, Handle());)
2306     }
2307   }
2308 #ifdef ASSERT
2309   // Ensure that all the patches have been used.
2310   for (int index = 0; index < cp_patches->length(); index++) {
2311     assert(cp_patches->at(index).is_null(),
2312            "Unused constant pool patch at %d in class file %s",
2313            index,
2314            pool_holder()->external_name());
2315   }
2316 #endif // ASSERT
2317 }
2318 
2319 #ifndef PRODUCT
2320 
2321 // CompileTheWorld support. Preload all classes loaded references in the passed in constantpool
2322 void ConstantPool::preload_and_initialize_all_classes(ConstantPool* obj, TRAPS) {
2323   guarantee(obj->is_constantPool(), "object must be constant pool");
2324   constantPoolHandle cp(THREAD, (ConstantPool*)obj);
2325   guarantee(cp->pool_holder() != NULL, "must be fully loaded");
2326 
2327   for (int i = 0; i< cp->length();  i++) {
2328     if (cp->tag_at(i).is_unresolved_klass()) {
2329       // This will force loading of the class
2330       Klass* klass = cp->klass_at(i, CHECK);
2331       if (klass->is_instance_klass()) {
2332         // Force initialization of class
2333         InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->initialize(CHECK);
2334       }
2335     }
2336   }
2337 }
2338 
2339 #endif
2340 
2341 
2342 // Printing
2343 
2344 void ConstantPool::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
2345   assert(is_constantPool(), "must be constantPool");
2346   st->print_cr("%s", internal_name());
2347   if (flags() != 0) {
2348     st->print(" - flags: 0x%x", flags());
2349     if (has_preresolution()) st->print(" has_preresolution");
2350     if (on_stack()) st->print(" on_stack");
2351     st->cr();
2352   }
2353   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2354     st->print_cr(" - holder: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(pool_holder()));
2355   }
2356   st->print_cr(" - cache: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(cache()));
2357   st->print_cr(" - resolved_references: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(resolved_references()));
2358   st->print_cr(" - reference_map: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(reference_map()));
2359   st->print_cr(" - resolved_klasses: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(resolved_klasses()));
2360 
2361   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) {      // Index 0 is unused
2362     ((ConstantPool*)this)->print_entry_on(index, st);
2363     switch (tag_at(index).value()) {
2364       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long :
2365       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double :
2366         index++;   // Skip entry following eigth-byte constant
2367     }
2368 
2369   }
2370   st->cr();
2371 }
2372 
2373 // Print one constant pool entry
2374 void ConstantPool::print_entry_on(const int index, outputStream* st) {
2375   EXCEPTION_MARK;
2376   st->print(" - %3d : ", index);
2377   tag_at(index).print_on(st);
2378   st->print(" : ");
2379   switch (tag_at(index).value()) {
2380     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class :
2381       { Klass* k = klass_at(index, CATCH);
2382         guarantee(k != NULL, "need klass");
2383         k->print_value_on(st);
2384         st->print(" {" PTR_FORMAT "}", p2i(k));
2385       }
2386       break;
2387     case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref :
2388     case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref :
2389     case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref :
2390       st->print("klass_index=%d", uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index));
2391       st->print(" name_and_type_index=%d", uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
2392       break;
2393     case JVM_CONSTANT_String :
2394       if (is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
2395         oop anObj = pseudo_string_at(index);
2396         anObj->print_value_on(st);
2397         st->print(" {" PTR_FORMAT "}", p2i(anObj));
2398       } else {
2399         unresolved_string_at(index)->print_value_on(st);
2400       }
2401       break;
2402     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer :
2403       st->print("%d", int_at(index));
2404       break;
2405     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float :
2406       st->print("%f", float_at(index));
2407       break;
2408     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long :
2409       st->print_jlong(long_at(index));
2410       break;
2411     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double :
2412       st->print("%lf", double_at(index));
2413       break;
2414     case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType :
2415       st->print("name_index=%d", name_ref_index_at(index));
2416       st->print(" signature_index=%d", signature_ref_index_at(index));
2417       break;
2418     case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8 :
2419       symbol_at(index)->print_value_on(st);
2420       break;
2421     case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
2422         int name_index = *int_at_addr(index);
2423         st->print("klass_index=%d ", name_index);
2424         symbol_at(name_index)->print_value_on(st);
2425       }
2426       break;
2427     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass :               // fall-through
2428     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
2429         CPKlassSlot kslot = klass_slot_at(index);
2430         int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
2431         int name_index = kslot.name_index();
2432         assert(tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
2433 
2434         Klass* klass = resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
2435         if (klass != NULL) {
2436           klass->print_value_on(st);
2437         } else {
2438           symbol_at(name_index)->print_value_on(st);
2439         }
2440       }
2441       break;
2442     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle :
2443     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError :
2444       st->print("ref_kind=%d", method_handle_ref_kind_at(index));
2445       st->print(" ref_index=%d", method_handle_index_at(index));
2446       break;
2447     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType :
2448     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError :
2449       st->print("signature_index=%d", method_type_index_at(index));
2450       break;
2451     case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic :
2452     case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError :
2453       {
2454         st->print("bootstrap_method_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(index));
2455         st->print(" type_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
2456         int argc = invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index);
2457         if (argc > 0) {
2458           for (int arg_i = 0; arg_i < argc; arg_i++) {
2459             int arg = invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, arg_i);
2460             st->print((arg_i == 0 ? " arguments={%d" : ", %d"), arg);
2461           }
2462           st->print("}");
2463         }
2464       }
2465       break;
2466     case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic :
2467       {
2468         st->print("bootstrap_method_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(index));
2469         st->print(" name_and_type_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
2470         int argc = invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index);
2471         if (argc > 0) {
2472           for (int arg_i = 0; arg_i < argc; arg_i++) {
2473             int arg = invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, arg_i);
2474             st->print((arg_i == 0 ? " arguments={%d" : ", %d"), arg);
2475           }
2476           st->print("}");
2477         }
2478       }
2479       break;
2480     default:
2481       ShouldNotReachHere();
2482       break;
2483   }
2484   st->cr();
2485 }
2486 
2487 void ConstantPool::print_value_on(outputStream* st) const {
2488   assert(is_constantPool(), "must be constantPool");
2489   st->print("constant pool [%d]", length());
2490   if (has_preresolution()) st->print("/preresolution");
2491   if (operands() != NULL)  st->print("/operands[%d]", operands()->length());
2492   print_address_on(st);
2493   st->print(" for ");
2494   pool_holder()->print_value_on(st);
2495   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2496     bool extra = (pool_holder()->constants() != this);
2497     if (extra)  st->print(" (extra)");
2498   }
2499   if (cache() != NULL) {
2500     st->print(" cache=" PTR_FORMAT, p2i(cache()));
2501   }
2502 }
2503 
2504 #if INCLUDE_SERVICES
2505 // Size Statistics
2506 void ConstantPool::collect_statistics(KlassSizeStats *sz) const {
2507   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_bytes          = sz->count(this));
2508   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_tags_bytes     = sz->count_array(tags()));
2509   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_cache_bytes    = sz->count(cache()));
2510   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_operands_bytes = sz->count_array(operands()));
2511   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_refmap_bytes   = sz->count_array(reference_map()));
2512 
2513   sz->_ro_bytes += sz->_cp_operands_bytes + sz->_cp_tags_bytes +
2514                    sz->_cp_refmap_bytes;
2515   sz->_rw_bytes += sz->_cp_bytes + sz->_cp_cache_bytes;
2516 }
2517 #endif // INCLUDE_SERVICES
2518 
2519 // Verification
2520 
2521 void ConstantPool::verify_on(outputStream* st) {
2522   guarantee(is_constantPool(), "object must be constant pool");
2523   for (int i = 0; i< length();  i++) {
2524     constantTag tag = tag_at(i);
2525     if (tag.is_klass() || tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
2526       guarantee(klass_name_at(i)->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2527     } else if (tag.is_symbol()) {
2528       CPSlot entry = slot_at(i);
2529       guarantee(entry.get_symbol()->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2530     } else if (tag.is_string()) {
2531       CPSlot entry = slot_at(i);
2532       guarantee(entry.get_symbol()->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2533     }
2534   }
2535   if (cache() != NULL) {
2536     // Note: cache() can be NULL before a class is completely setup or
2537     // in temporary constant pools used during constant pool merging
2538     guarantee(cache()->is_constantPoolCache(), "should be constant pool cache");
2539   }
2540   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2541     // Note: pool_holder() can be NULL in temporary constant pools
2542     // used during constant pool merging
2543     guarantee(pool_holder()->is_klass(),    "should be klass");
2544   }
2545 }
2546 
2547 
2548 SymbolHashMap::~SymbolHashMap() {
2549   SymbolHashMapEntry* next;
2550   for (int i = 0; i < _table_size; i++) {
2551     for (SymbolHashMapEntry* cur = bucket(i); cur != NULL; cur = next) {
2552       next = cur->next();
2553       delete(cur);
2554     }
2555   }
2556   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(SymbolHashMapBucket, _buckets);
2557 }
2558 
2559 void SymbolHashMap::add_entry(Symbol* sym, u2 value) {
2560   char *str = sym->as_utf8();
2561   unsigned int hash = compute_hash(str, sym->utf8_length());
2562   unsigned int index = hash % table_size();
2563 
2564   // check if already in map
2565   // we prefer the first entry since it is more likely to be what was used in
2566   // the class file
2567   for (SymbolHashMapEntry *en = bucket(index); en != NULL; en = en->next()) {
2568     assert(en->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2569     if (en->hash() == hash && en->symbol() == sym) {
2570         return;  // already there
2571     }
2572   }
2573 
2574   SymbolHashMapEntry* entry = new SymbolHashMapEntry(hash, sym, value);
2575   entry->set_next(bucket(index));
2576   _buckets[index].set_entry(entry);
2577   assert(entry->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2578 }
2579 
2580 SymbolHashMapEntry* SymbolHashMap::find_entry(Symbol* sym) {
2581   assert(sym != NULL, "SymbolHashMap::find_entry - symbol is NULL");
2582   char *str = sym->as_utf8();
2583   int   len = sym->utf8_length();
2584   unsigned int hash = SymbolHashMap::compute_hash(str, len);
2585   unsigned int index = hash % table_size();
2586   for (SymbolHashMapEntry *en = bucket(index); en != NULL; en = en->next()) {
2587     assert(en->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2588     if (en->hash() == hash && en->symbol() == sym) {
2589       return en;
2590     }
2591   }
2592   return NULL;
2593 }
2594 
2595 void SymbolHashMap::initialize_table(int table_size) {
2596   _table_size = table_size;
2597   _buckets = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(SymbolHashMapBucket, table_size, mtSymbol);
2598   for (int index = 0; index < table_size; index++) {
2599     _buckets[index].clear();
2600   }
2601 }