1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "jvm.h"
  27 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/packageEntry.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/verifier.hpp"
  33 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  34 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
  35 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  36 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  37 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  38 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  39 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  40 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
  41 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  42 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  43 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  44 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  45 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  46 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
  47 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  48 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/reflection.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/reflectionUtils.hpp"
  51 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/vframe.inline.hpp"
  53 
  54 static void trace_class_resolution(const Klass* to_class) {
  55   ResourceMark rm;
  56   int line_number = -1;
  57   const char * source_file = NULL;
  58   Klass* caller = NULL;
  59   JavaThread* jthread = JavaThread::current();
  60   if (jthread->has_last_Java_frame()) {
  61     vframeStream vfst(jthread);
  62     // skip over any frames belonging to java.lang.Class
  63     while (!vfst.at_end() &&
  64            vfst.method()->method_holder()->name() == vmSymbols::java_lang_Class()) {
  65       vfst.next();
  66     }
  67     if (!vfst.at_end()) {
  68       // this frame is a likely suspect
  69       caller = vfst.method()->method_holder();
  70       line_number = vfst.method()->line_number_from_bci(vfst.bci());
  71       Symbol* s = vfst.method()->method_holder()->source_file_name();
  72       if (s != NULL) {
  73         source_file = s->as_C_string();
  74       }
  75     }
  76   }
  77   if (caller != NULL) {
  78     const char * from = caller->external_name();
  79     const char * to = to_class->external_name();
  80     // print in a single call to reduce interleaving between threads
  81     if (source_file != NULL) {
  82       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s %s:%d (reflection)", from, to, source_file, line_number);
  83     } else {
  84       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s (reflection)", from, to);
  85     }
  86   }
  87 }
  88 
  89 
  90 oop Reflection::box(jvalue* value, BasicType type, TRAPS) {
  91   if (type == T_VOID) {
  92     return NULL;
  93   }
  94   if (type == T_OBJECT || type == T_ARRAY) {
  95     // regular objects are not boxed
  96     return (oop) value->l;
  97   }
  98   oop result = java_lang_boxing_object::create(type, value, CHECK_NULL);
  99   if (result == NULL) {
 100     THROW_(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), result);
 101   }
 102   return result;
 103 }
 104 
 105 
 106 BasicType Reflection::unbox_for_primitive(oop box, jvalue* value, TRAPS) {
 107   if (box == NULL) {
 108     THROW_(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), T_ILLEGAL);
 109   }
 110   return java_lang_boxing_object::get_value(box, value);
 111 }
 112 
 113 BasicType Reflection::unbox_for_regular_object(oop box, jvalue* value) {
 114   // Note:  box is really the unboxed oop.  It might even be a Short, etc.!
 115   value->l = (jobject) box;
 116   return T_OBJECT;
 117 }
 118 
 119 
 120 void Reflection::widen(jvalue* value, BasicType current_type, BasicType wide_type, TRAPS) {
 121   assert(wide_type != current_type, "widen should not be called with identical types");
 122   switch (wide_type) {
 123     case T_BOOLEAN:
 124     case T_BYTE:
 125     case T_CHAR:
 126       break;  // fail
 127     case T_SHORT:
 128       switch (current_type) {
 129         case T_BYTE:
 130           value->s = (jshort) value->b;
 131           return;
 132         default:
 133           break;
 134       }
 135       break;  // fail
 136     case T_INT:
 137       switch (current_type) {
 138         case T_BYTE:
 139           value->i = (jint) value->b;
 140           return;
 141         case T_CHAR:
 142           value->i = (jint) value->c;
 143           return;
 144         case T_SHORT:
 145           value->i = (jint) value->s;
 146           return;
 147         default:
 148           break;
 149       }
 150       break;  // fail
 151     case T_LONG:
 152       switch (current_type) {
 153         case T_BYTE:
 154           value->j = (jlong) value->b;
 155           return;
 156         case T_CHAR:
 157           value->j = (jlong) value->c;
 158           return;
 159         case T_SHORT:
 160           value->j = (jlong) value->s;
 161           return;
 162         case T_INT:
 163           value->j = (jlong) value->i;
 164           return;
 165         default:
 166           break;
 167       }
 168       break;  // fail
 169     case T_FLOAT:
 170       switch (current_type) {
 171         case T_BYTE:
 172           value->f = (jfloat) value->b;
 173           return;
 174         case T_CHAR:
 175           value->f = (jfloat) value->c;
 176           return;
 177         case T_SHORT:
 178           value->f = (jfloat) value->s;
 179           return;
 180         case T_INT:
 181           value->f = (jfloat) value->i;
 182           return;
 183         case T_LONG:
 184           value->f = (jfloat) value->j;
 185           return;
 186         default:
 187           break;
 188       }
 189       break;  // fail
 190     case T_DOUBLE:
 191       switch (current_type) {
 192         case T_BYTE:
 193           value->d = (jdouble) value->b;
 194           return;
 195         case T_CHAR:
 196           value->d = (jdouble) value->c;
 197           return;
 198         case T_SHORT:
 199           value->d = (jdouble) value->s;
 200           return;
 201         case T_INT:
 202           value->d = (jdouble) value->i;
 203           return;
 204         case T_FLOAT:
 205           value->d = (jdouble) value->f;
 206           return;
 207         case T_LONG:
 208           value->d = (jdouble) value->j;
 209           return;
 210         default:
 211           break;
 212       }
 213       break;  // fail
 214     default:
 215       break;  // fail
 216   }
 217   THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "argument type mismatch");
 218 }
 219 
 220 
 221 BasicType Reflection::array_get(jvalue* value, arrayOop a, int index, TRAPS) {
 222   if (!a->is_within_bounds(index)) {
 223     THROW_(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), T_ILLEGAL);
 224   }
 225   if (a->is_objArray()) {
 226     value->l = (jobject) objArrayOop(a)->obj_at(index);
 227     return T_OBJECT;
 228   } else {
 229     assert(a->is_typeArray(), "just checking");
 230     BasicType type = TypeArrayKlass::cast(a->klass())->element_type();
 231     switch (type) {
 232       case T_BOOLEAN:
 233         value->z = typeArrayOop(a)->bool_at(index);
 234         break;
 235       case T_CHAR:
 236         value->c = typeArrayOop(a)->char_at(index);
 237         break;
 238       case T_FLOAT:
 239         value->f = typeArrayOop(a)->float_at(index);
 240         break;
 241       case T_DOUBLE:
 242         value->d = typeArrayOop(a)->double_at(index);
 243         break;
 244       case T_BYTE:
 245         value->b = typeArrayOop(a)->byte_at(index);
 246         break;
 247       case T_SHORT:
 248         value->s = typeArrayOop(a)->short_at(index);
 249         break;
 250       case T_INT:
 251         value->i = typeArrayOop(a)->int_at(index);
 252         break;
 253       case T_LONG:
 254         value->j = typeArrayOop(a)->long_at(index);
 255         break;
 256       default:
 257         return T_ILLEGAL;
 258     }
 259     return type;
 260   }
 261 }
 262 
 263 
 264 void Reflection::array_set(jvalue* value, arrayOop a, int index, BasicType value_type, TRAPS) {
 265   if (!a->is_within_bounds(index)) {
 266     THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException());
 267   }
 268   if (a->is_objArray()) {
 269     if (value_type == T_OBJECT) {
 270       oop obj = (oop) value->l;
 271       if (obj != NULL) {
 272         Klass* element_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(a->klass())->element_klass();
 273         if (!obj->is_a(element_klass)) {
 274           THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "array element type mismatch");
 275         }
 276       }
 277       objArrayOop(a)->obj_at_put(index, obj);
 278     }
 279   } else {
 280     assert(a->is_typeArray(), "just checking");
 281     BasicType array_type = TypeArrayKlass::cast(a->klass())->element_type();
 282     if (array_type != value_type) {
 283       // The widen operation can potentially throw an exception, but cannot block,
 284       // so typeArrayOop a is safe if the call succeeds.
 285       widen(value, value_type, array_type, CHECK);
 286     }
 287     switch (array_type) {
 288       case T_BOOLEAN:
 289         typeArrayOop(a)->bool_at_put(index, value->z);
 290         break;
 291       case T_CHAR:
 292         typeArrayOop(a)->char_at_put(index, value->c);
 293         break;
 294       case T_FLOAT:
 295         typeArrayOop(a)->float_at_put(index, value->f);
 296         break;
 297       case T_DOUBLE:
 298         typeArrayOop(a)->double_at_put(index, value->d);
 299         break;
 300       case T_BYTE:
 301         typeArrayOop(a)->byte_at_put(index, value->b);
 302         break;
 303       case T_SHORT:
 304         typeArrayOop(a)->short_at_put(index, value->s);
 305         break;
 306       case T_INT:
 307         typeArrayOop(a)->int_at_put(index, value->i);
 308         break;
 309       case T_LONG:
 310         typeArrayOop(a)->long_at_put(index, value->j);
 311         break;
 312       default:
 313         THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 314     }
 315   }
 316 }
 317 
 318 static Klass* basic_type_mirror_to_arrayklass(oop basic_type_mirror, TRAPS) {
 319   assert(java_lang_Class::is_primitive(basic_type_mirror), "just checking");
 320   BasicType type = java_lang_Class::primitive_type(basic_type_mirror);
 321   if (type == T_VOID) {
 322     THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 323   }
 324   else {
 325     return Universe::typeArrayKlassObj(type);
 326   }
 327 }
 328 
 329 #ifdef ASSERT
 330 static oop basic_type_arrayklass_to_mirror(Klass* basic_type_arrayklass, TRAPS) {
 331   BasicType type = TypeArrayKlass::cast(basic_type_arrayklass)->element_type();
 332   return Universe::java_mirror(type);
 333 }
 334 #endif
 335 
 336 arrayOop Reflection::reflect_new_array(oop element_mirror, jint length, TRAPS) {
 337   if (element_mirror == NULL) {
 338     THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
 339   }
 340   if (length < 0) {
 341     THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException(), err_msg("%d", length));
 342   }
 343   if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(element_mirror)) {
 344     Klass* tak = basic_type_mirror_to_arrayklass(element_mirror, CHECK_NULL);
 345     return TypeArrayKlass::cast(tak)->allocate(length, THREAD);
 346   } else {
 347     Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(element_mirror);
 348     if (k->is_array_klass() && ArrayKlass::cast(k)->dimension() >= MAX_DIM) {
 349       THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 350     }
 351     return oopFactory::new_objArray(k, length, THREAD);
 352   }
 353 }
 354 
 355 
 356 arrayOop Reflection::reflect_new_multi_array(oop element_mirror, typeArrayOop dim_array, TRAPS) {
 357   assert(dim_array->is_typeArray(), "just checking");
 358   assert(TypeArrayKlass::cast(dim_array->klass())->element_type() == T_INT, "just checking");
 359 
 360   if (element_mirror == NULL) {
 361     THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
 362   }
 363 
 364   int len = dim_array->length();
 365   if (len <= 0 || len > MAX_DIM) {
 366     THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 367   }
 368 
 369   jint dimensions[MAX_DIM];   // C array copy of intArrayOop
 370   for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 371     int d = dim_array->int_at(i);
 372     if (d < 0) {
 373       THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException(), err_msg("%d", d));
 374     }
 375     dimensions[i] = d;
 376   }
 377 
 378   Klass* klass;
 379   int dim = len;
 380   if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(element_mirror)) {
 381     klass = basic_type_mirror_to_arrayklass(element_mirror, CHECK_NULL);
 382   } else {
 383     klass = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(element_mirror);
 384     if (klass->is_array_klass()) {
 385       int k_dim = ArrayKlass::cast(klass)->dimension();
 386       if (k_dim + len > MAX_DIM) {
 387         THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 388       }
 389       dim += k_dim;
 390     }
 391   }
 392   klass = klass->array_klass(dim, CHECK_NULL);
 393   oop obj = ArrayKlass::cast(klass)->multi_allocate(len, dimensions, CHECK_NULL);
 394   assert(obj->is_array(), "just checking");
 395   return arrayOop(obj);
 396 }
 397 
 398 
 399 oop Reflection::array_component_type(oop mirror, TRAPS) {
 400   if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(mirror)) {
 401     return NULL;
 402   }
 403 
 404   Klass* klass = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror);
 405   if (!klass->is_array_klass()) {
 406     return NULL;
 407   }
 408 
 409   oop result = java_lang_Class::component_mirror(mirror);
 410 #ifdef ASSERT
 411   oop result2 = NULL;
 412   if (ArrayKlass::cast(klass)->dimension() == 1) {
 413     if (klass->is_typeArray_klass()) {
 414       result2 = basic_type_arrayklass_to_mirror(klass, CHECK_NULL);
 415     } else {
 416       result2 = ObjArrayKlass::cast(klass)->element_klass()->java_mirror();
 417     }
 418   } else {
 419     Klass* lower_dim = ArrayKlass::cast(klass)->lower_dimension();
 420     assert(lower_dim->is_array_klass(), "just checking");
 421     result2 = lower_dim->java_mirror();
 422   }
 423   assert(oopDesc::equals(result, result2), "results must be consistent");
 424 #endif //ASSERT
 425   return result;
 426 }
 427 
 428 static bool under_host_klass(const InstanceKlass* ik, const InstanceKlass* host_klass) {
 429   DEBUG_ONLY(int inf_loop_check = 1000 * 1000 * 1000);
 430   for (;;) {
 431     const InstanceKlass* hc = ik->host_klass();
 432     if (hc == NULL)        return false;
 433     if (hc == host_klass)  return true;
 434     ik = hc;
 435 
 436     // There's no way to make a host class loop short of patching memory.
 437     // Therefore there cannot be a loop here unless there's another bug.
 438     // Still, let's check for it.
 439     assert(--inf_loop_check > 0, "no host_klass loop");
 440   }
 441 }
 442 
 443 static bool can_relax_access_check_for(const Klass* accessor,
 444                                        const Klass* accessee,
 445                                        bool classloader_only) {
 446 
 447   const InstanceKlass* accessor_ik = InstanceKlass::cast(accessor);
 448   const InstanceKlass* accessee_ik = InstanceKlass::cast(accessee);
 449 
 450   // If either is on the other's host_klass chain, access is OK,
 451   // because one is inside the other.
 452   if (under_host_klass(accessor_ik, accessee_ik) ||
 453     under_host_klass(accessee_ik, accessor_ik))
 454     return true;
 455 
 456   if ((RelaxAccessControlCheck &&
 457     accessor_ik->major_version() < Verifier::NO_RELAX_ACCESS_CTRL_CHECK_VERSION &&
 458     accessee_ik->major_version() < Verifier::NO_RELAX_ACCESS_CTRL_CHECK_VERSION) ||
 459     (accessor_ik->major_version() < Verifier::STRICTER_ACCESS_CTRL_CHECK_VERSION &&
 460     accessee_ik->major_version() < Verifier::STRICTER_ACCESS_CTRL_CHECK_VERSION)) {
 461     return classloader_only &&
 462       Verifier::relax_access_for(accessor_ik->class_loader()) &&
 463       accessor_ik->protection_domain() == accessee_ik->protection_domain() &&
 464       accessor_ik->class_loader() == accessee_ik->class_loader();
 465   }
 466 
 467   return false;
 468 }
 469 
 470 /*
 471     Type Accessibility check for public types: Callee Type T is accessible to Caller Type S if:
 472 
 473                         Callee T in             Callee T in package PT,
 474                         unnamed module          runtime module MT
 475  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 476 
 477  Caller S in package     If MS is loose: YES      If same classloader/package (PS == PT): YES
 478  PS, runtime module MS   If MS can read T's       If same runtime module: (MS == MT): YES
 479                          unnamed module: YES
 480                                                   Else if (MS can read MT (establish readability) &&
 481                                                     ((MT exports PT to MS or to all modules) ||
 482                                                      (MT is open))): YES
 483 
 484  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 485  Caller S in unnamed         YES                  Readability exists because unnamed module
 486  module UM                                            "reads" all modules
 487                                                   if (MT exports PT to UM or to all modules): YES
 488 
 489  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 490 
 491  Note: a loose module is a module that can read all current and future unnamed modules.
 492 */
 493 Reflection::VerifyClassAccessResults Reflection::verify_class_access(
 494   const Klass* current_class, const InstanceKlass* new_class, bool classloader_only) {
 495 
 496   // Verify that current_class can access new_class.  If the classloader_only
 497   // flag is set, we automatically allow any accesses in which current_class
 498   // doesn't have a classloader.
 499   if ((current_class == NULL) ||
 500       (current_class == new_class) ||
 501       is_same_class_package(current_class, new_class)) {
 502     return ACCESS_OK;
 503   }
 504   // Allow all accesses from jdk/internal/reflect/MagicAccessorImpl subclasses to
 505   // succeed trivially.
 506   if (current_class->is_subclass_of(SystemDictionary::reflect_MagicAccessorImpl_klass())) {
 507     return ACCESS_OK;
 508   }
 509 
 510   // module boundaries
 511   if (new_class->is_public()) {
 512     // Ignore modules for DumpSharedSpaces because we do not have any package
 513     // or module information for modules other than java.base.
 514     if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
 515       return ACCESS_OK;
 516     }
 517 
 518     // Find the module entry for current_class, the accessor
 519     ModuleEntry* module_from = current_class->module();
 520     // Find the module entry for new_class, the accessee
 521     ModuleEntry* module_to = new_class->module();
 522 
 523     // both in same (possibly unnamed) module
 524     if (module_from == module_to) {
 525       return ACCESS_OK;
 526     }
 527 
 528     // Acceptable access to a type in an unnamed module. Note that since
 529     // unnamed modules can read all unnamed modules, this also handles the
 530     // case where module_from is also unnamed but in a different class loader.
 531     if (!module_to->is_named() &&
 532         (module_from->can_read_all_unnamed() || module_from->can_read(module_to))) {
 533       return ACCESS_OK;
 534     }
 535 
 536     // Establish readability, check if module_from is allowed to read module_to.
 537     if (!module_from->can_read(module_to)) {
 538       return MODULE_NOT_READABLE;
 539     }
 540 
 541     // Access is allowed if module_to is open, i.e. all its packages are unqualifiedly exported
 542     if (module_to->is_open()) {
 543       return ACCESS_OK;
 544     }
 545 
 546     PackageEntry* package_to = new_class->package();
 547     assert(package_to != NULL, "can not obtain new_class' package");
 548 
 549     {
 550       MutexLocker m1(Module_lock);
 551 
 552       // Once readability is established, if module_to exports T unqualifiedly,
 553       // (to all modules), than whether module_from is in the unnamed module
 554       // or not does not matter, access is allowed.
 555       if (package_to->is_unqual_exported()) {
 556         return ACCESS_OK;
 557       }
 558 
 559       // Access is allowed if both 1 & 2 hold:
 560       //   1. Readability, module_from can read module_to (established above).
 561       //   2. Either module_to exports T to module_from qualifiedly.
 562       //      or
 563       //      module_to exports T to all unnamed modules and module_from is unnamed.
 564       //      or
 565       //      module_to exports T unqualifiedly to all modules (checked above).
 566       if (!package_to->is_qexported_to(module_from)) {
 567         return TYPE_NOT_EXPORTED;
 568       }
 569     }
 570     return ACCESS_OK;
 571   }
 572 
 573   if (can_relax_access_check_for(current_class, new_class, classloader_only)) {
 574     return ACCESS_OK;
 575   }
 576   return OTHER_PROBLEM;
 577 }
 578 
 579 // Return an error message specific to the specified Klass*'s and result.
 580 // This function must be called from within a block containing a ResourceMark.
 581 char* Reflection::verify_class_access_msg(const Klass* current_class,
 582                                           const InstanceKlass* new_class,
 583                                           const VerifyClassAccessResults result) {
 584   assert(result != ACCESS_OK, "must be failure result");
 585   char * msg = NULL;
 586   if (result != OTHER_PROBLEM && new_class != NULL && current_class != NULL) {
 587     // Find the module entry for current_class, the accessor
 588     ModuleEntry* module_from = current_class->module();
 589     const char * module_from_name = module_from->is_named() ? module_from->name()->as_C_string() : UNNAMED_MODULE;
 590     const char * current_class_name = current_class->external_name();
 591 
 592     // Find the module entry for new_class, the accessee
 593     ModuleEntry* module_to = NULL;
 594     module_to = new_class->module();
 595     const char * module_to_name = module_to->is_named() ? module_to->name()->as_C_string() : UNNAMED_MODULE;
 596     const char * new_class_name = new_class->external_name();
 597 
 598     if (result == MODULE_NOT_READABLE) {
 599       assert(module_from->is_named(), "Unnamed modules can read all modules");
 600       if (module_to->is_named()) {
 601         size_t len = 100 + strlen(current_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_from_name) +
 602           strlen(new_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_to_name);
 603         msg = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
 604         jio_snprintf(msg, len - 1,
 605           "class %s (in module %s) cannot access class %s (in module %s) because module %s does not read module %s",
 606           current_class_name, module_from_name, new_class_name,
 607           module_to_name, module_from_name, module_to_name);
 608       } else {
 609         oop jlm = module_to->module();
 610         assert(jlm != NULL, "Null jlm in module_to ModuleEntry");
 611         intptr_t identity_hash = jlm->identity_hash();
 612         size_t len = 160 + strlen(current_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_from_name) +
 613           strlen(new_class_name) + 2*sizeof(uintx);
 614         msg = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
 615         jio_snprintf(msg, len - 1,
 616           "class %s (in module %s) cannot access class %s (in unnamed module @" SIZE_FORMAT_HEX ") because module %s does not read unnamed module @" SIZE_FORMAT_HEX,
 617           current_class_name, module_from_name, new_class_name, uintx(identity_hash),
 618           module_from_name, uintx(identity_hash));
 619       }
 620 
 621     } else if (result == TYPE_NOT_EXPORTED) {
 622       assert(new_class->package() != NULL,
 623              "Unnamed packages are always exported");
 624       const char * package_name =
 625         new_class->package()->name()->as_klass_external_name();
 626       assert(module_to->is_named(), "Unnamed modules export all packages");
 627       if (module_from->is_named()) {
 628         size_t len = 118 + strlen(current_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_from_name) +
 629           strlen(new_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_to_name) + strlen(package_name);
 630         msg = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
 631         jio_snprintf(msg, len - 1,
 632           "class %s (in module %s) cannot access class %s (in module %s) because module %s does not export %s to module %s",
 633           current_class_name, module_from_name, new_class_name,
 634           module_to_name, module_to_name, package_name, module_from_name);
 635       } else {
 636         oop jlm = module_from->module();
 637         assert(jlm != NULL, "Null jlm in module_from ModuleEntry");
 638         intptr_t identity_hash = jlm->identity_hash();
 639         size_t len = 170 + strlen(current_class_name) + strlen(new_class_name) +
 640           2*strlen(module_to_name) + strlen(package_name) + 2*sizeof(uintx);
 641         msg = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
 642         jio_snprintf(msg, len - 1,
 643           "class %s (in unnamed module @" SIZE_FORMAT_HEX ") cannot access class %s (in module %s) because module %s does not export %s to unnamed module @" SIZE_FORMAT_HEX,
 644           current_class_name, uintx(identity_hash), new_class_name, module_to_name,
 645           module_to_name, package_name, uintx(identity_hash));
 646       }
 647     } else {
 648         ShouldNotReachHere();
 649     }
 650   }  // result != OTHER_PROBLEM...
 651   return msg;
 652 }
 653 
 654 bool Reflection::verify_member_access(const Klass* current_class,
 655                                       const Klass* resolved_class,
 656                                       const Klass* member_class,
 657                                       AccessFlags access,
 658                                       bool classloader_only,
 659                                       bool protected_restriction,
 660                                       TRAPS) {
 661   // Verify that current_class can access a member of member_class, where that
 662   // field's access bits are "access".  We assume that we've already verified
 663   // that current_class can access member_class.
 664   //
 665   // If the classloader_only flag is set, we automatically allow any accesses
 666   // in which current_class doesn't have a classloader.
 667   //
 668   // "resolved_class" is the runtime type of "member_class". Sometimes we don't
 669   // need this distinction (e.g. if all we have is the runtime type, or during
 670   // class file parsing when we only care about the static type); in that case
 671   // callers should ensure that resolved_class == member_class.
 672   //
 673   if ((current_class == NULL) ||
 674       (current_class == member_class) ||
 675       access.is_public()) {
 676     return true;
 677   }
 678 
 679   const Klass* host_class = current_class;
 680   if (host_class->is_instance_klass() &&
 681       InstanceKlass::cast(host_class)->is_anonymous()) {
 682     host_class = InstanceKlass::cast(host_class)->host_klass();
 683     assert(host_class != NULL, "Anonymous class has null host class");
 684     assert(!(host_class->is_instance_klass() &&
 685            InstanceKlass::cast(host_class)->is_anonymous()),
 686            "host_class should not be anonymous");
 687   }
 688   if (host_class == member_class) {
 689     return true;
 690   }
 691 
 692   if (access.is_protected()) {
 693     if (!protected_restriction) {
 694       // See if current_class (or outermost host class) is a subclass of member_class
 695       // An interface may not access protected members of j.l.Object
 696       if (!host_class->is_interface() && host_class->is_subclass_of(member_class)) {
 697         if (access.is_static() || // static fields are ok, see 6622385
 698             current_class == resolved_class ||
 699             member_class == resolved_class ||
 700             host_class->is_subclass_of(resolved_class) ||
 701             resolved_class->is_subclass_of(host_class)) {
 702           return true;
 703         }
 704       }
 705     }
 706   }
 707 
 708   // package access
 709   if (!access.is_private() && is_same_class_package(current_class, member_class)) {
 710     return true;
 711   }
 712 
 713   // private access between different classes needs a nestmate check, but
 714   // not for anonymous classes - so check host_class
 715   if (access.is_private() && host_class == current_class) {
 716     if (current_class->is_instance_klass() && member_class->is_instance_klass() ) {
 717       InstanceKlass* cur_ik = const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(InstanceKlass::cast(current_class));
 718       InstanceKlass* field_ik = const_cast<InstanceKlass*>(InstanceKlass::cast(member_class));
 719       // Nestmate access checks may require resolution and validation of the nest-host.
 720       // It is up to the caller to check for pending exceptions and handle appropriately.
 721       bool access = cur_ik->has_nestmate_access_to(field_ik, CHECK_false);
 722       if (access) {
 723         guarantee(resolved_class->is_subclass_of(member_class), "must be!");
 724         return true;
 725       }
 726     }
 727   }
 728 
 729   // Allow all accesses from jdk/internal/reflect/MagicAccessorImpl subclasses to
 730   // succeed trivially.
 731   if (current_class->is_subclass_of(SystemDictionary::reflect_MagicAccessorImpl_klass())) {
 732     return true;
 733   }
 734 
 735   // Check for special relaxations
 736   return can_relax_access_check_for(current_class, member_class, classloader_only);
 737 }
 738 
 739 bool Reflection::is_same_class_package(const Klass* class1, const Klass* class2) {
 740   return InstanceKlass::cast(class1)->is_same_class_package(class2);
 741 }
 742 
 743 // Checks that the 'outer' klass has declared 'inner' as being an inner klass. If not,
 744 // throw an incompatible class change exception
 745 // If inner_is_member, require the inner to be a member of the outer.
 746 // If !inner_is_member, require the inner to be anonymous (a non-member).
 747 // Caller is responsible for figuring out in advance which case must be true.
 748 void Reflection::check_for_inner_class(const InstanceKlass* outer, const InstanceKlass* inner,
 749                                        bool inner_is_member, TRAPS) {
 750   InnerClassesIterator iter(outer);
 751   constantPoolHandle cp   (THREAD, outer->constants());
 752   for (; !iter.done(); iter.next()) {
 753      int ioff = iter.inner_class_info_index();
 754      int ooff = iter.outer_class_info_index();
 755 
 756      if (inner_is_member && ioff != 0 && ooff != 0) {
 757         Klass* o = cp->klass_at(ooff, CHECK);
 758         if (o == outer) {
 759           Klass* i = cp->klass_at(ioff, CHECK);
 760           if (i == inner) {
 761             return;
 762           }
 763         }
 764      }
 765      if (!inner_is_member && ioff != 0 && ooff == 0 &&
 766          cp->klass_name_at_matches(inner, ioff)) {
 767         Klass* i = cp->klass_at(ioff, CHECK);
 768         if (i == inner) {
 769           return;
 770         }
 771      }
 772   }
 773 
 774   // 'inner' not declared as an inner klass in outer
 775   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 776   Exceptions::fthrow(
 777     THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
 778     vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(),
 779     "%s and %s disagree on InnerClasses attribute",
 780     outer->external_name(),
 781     inner->external_name()
 782   );
 783 }
 784 
 785 // Utility method converting a single SignatureStream element into java.lang.Class instance
 786 static oop get_mirror_from_signature(const methodHandle& method,
 787                                      SignatureStream* ss,
 788                                      TRAPS) {
 789 
 790 
 791   if (T_OBJECT == ss->type() || T_ARRAY == ss->type()) {
 792     Symbol* name = ss->as_symbol(CHECK_NULL);
 793     oop loader = method->method_holder()->class_loader();
 794     oop protection_domain = method->method_holder()->protection_domain();
 795     const Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(name,
 796                                                        Handle(THREAD, loader),
 797                                                        Handle(THREAD, protection_domain),
 798                                                        true,
 799                                                        CHECK_NULL);
 800     if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve)) {
 801       trace_class_resolution(k);
 802     }
 803     return k->java_mirror();
 804   }
 805 
 806   assert(ss->type() != T_VOID || ss->at_return_type(),
 807     "T_VOID should only appear as return type");
 808 
 809   return java_lang_Class::primitive_mirror(ss->type());
 810 }
 811 
 812 static objArrayHandle get_parameter_types(const methodHandle& method,
 813                                           int parameter_count,
 814                                           oop* return_type,
 815                                           TRAPS) {
 816   // Allocate array holding parameter types (java.lang.Class instances)
 817   objArrayOop m = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Class_klass(), parameter_count, CHECK_(objArrayHandle()));
 818   objArrayHandle mirrors(THREAD, m);
 819   int index = 0;
 820   // Collect parameter types
 821   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 822   Symbol*  signature = method->signature();
 823   SignatureStream ss(signature);
 824   while (!ss.at_return_type()) {
 825     oop mirror = get_mirror_from_signature(method, &ss, CHECK_(objArrayHandle()));
 826     mirrors->obj_at_put(index++, mirror);
 827     ss.next();
 828   }
 829   assert(index == parameter_count, "invalid parameter count");
 830   if (return_type != NULL) {
 831     // Collect return type as well
 832     assert(ss.at_return_type(), "return type should be present");
 833     *return_type = get_mirror_from_signature(method, &ss, CHECK_(objArrayHandle()));
 834   }
 835   return mirrors;
 836 }
 837 
 838 static objArrayHandle get_exception_types(const methodHandle& method, TRAPS) {
 839   return method->resolved_checked_exceptions(THREAD);
 840 }
 841 
 842 static Handle new_type(Symbol* signature, Klass* k, TRAPS) {
 843   // Basic types
 844   BasicType type = vmSymbols::signature_type(signature);
 845   if (type != T_OBJECT) {
 846     return Handle(THREAD, Universe::java_mirror(type));
 847   }
 848 
 849   Klass* result =
 850     SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(signature,
 851                                       Handle(THREAD, k->class_loader()),
 852                                       Handle(THREAD, k->protection_domain()),
 853                                       true, CHECK_(Handle()));
 854 
 855   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve)) {
 856     trace_class_resolution(result);
 857   }
 858 
 859   oop nt = result->java_mirror();
 860   return Handle(THREAD, nt);
 861 }
 862 
 863 
 864 oop Reflection::new_method(const methodHandle& method, bool for_constant_pool_access, TRAPS) {
 865   // Allow sun.reflect.ConstantPool to refer to <clinit> methods as java.lang.reflect.Methods.
 866   assert(!method()->is_initializer() ||
 867          (for_constant_pool_access && method()->is_static()),
 868          "should call new_constructor instead");
 869   InstanceKlass* holder = method->method_holder();
 870   int slot = method->method_idnum();
 871 
 872   Symbol*  signature  = method->signature();
 873   int parameter_count = ArgumentCount(signature).size();
 874   oop return_type_oop = NULL;
 875   objArrayHandle parameter_types = get_parameter_types(method, parameter_count, &return_type_oop, CHECK_NULL);
 876   if (parameter_types.is_null() || return_type_oop == NULL) return NULL;
 877 
 878   Handle return_type(THREAD, return_type_oop);
 879 
 880   objArrayHandle exception_types = get_exception_types(method, CHECK_NULL);
 881 
 882   if (exception_types.is_null()) return NULL;
 883 
 884   Symbol*  method_name = method->name();
 885   oop name_oop = StringTable::intern(method_name, CHECK_NULL);
 886   Handle name = Handle(THREAD, name_oop);
 887   if (name == NULL) return NULL;
 888 
 889   const int modifiers = method->access_flags().as_int() & JVM_RECOGNIZED_METHOD_MODIFIERS;
 890 
 891   Handle mh = java_lang_reflect_Method::create(CHECK_NULL);
 892 
 893   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_clazz(mh(), holder->java_mirror());
 894   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_slot(mh(), slot);
 895   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_name(mh(), name());
 896   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_return_type(mh(), return_type());
 897   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_parameter_types(mh(), parameter_types());
 898   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_exception_types(mh(), exception_types());
 899   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_modifiers(mh(), modifiers);
 900   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_override(mh(), false);
 901   if (java_lang_reflect_Method::has_signature_field() &&
 902       method->generic_signature() != NULL) {
 903     Symbol*  gs = method->generic_signature();
 904     Handle sig = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(gs, CHECK_NULL);
 905     java_lang_reflect_Method::set_signature(mh(), sig());
 906   }
 907   if (java_lang_reflect_Method::has_annotations_field()) {
 908     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 909     java_lang_reflect_Method::set_annotations(mh(), an_oop);
 910   }
 911   if (java_lang_reflect_Method::has_parameter_annotations_field()) {
 912     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->parameter_annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 913     java_lang_reflect_Method::set_parameter_annotations(mh(), an_oop);
 914   }
 915   if (java_lang_reflect_Method::has_annotation_default_field()) {
 916     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->annotation_default(), CHECK_NULL);
 917     java_lang_reflect_Method::set_annotation_default(mh(), an_oop);
 918   }
 919   if (java_lang_reflect_Method::has_type_annotations_field()) {
 920     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->type_annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 921     java_lang_reflect_Method::set_type_annotations(mh(), an_oop);
 922   }
 923   return mh();
 924 }
 925 
 926 
 927 oop Reflection::new_constructor(const methodHandle& method, TRAPS) {
 928   assert(method()->is_initializer(), "should call new_method instead");
 929 
 930   InstanceKlass* holder = method->method_holder();
 931   int slot = method->method_idnum();
 932 
 933   Symbol*  signature  = method->signature();
 934   int parameter_count = ArgumentCount(signature).size();
 935   objArrayHandle parameter_types = get_parameter_types(method, parameter_count, NULL, CHECK_NULL);
 936   if (parameter_types.is_null()) return NULL;
 937 
 938   objArrayHandle exception_types = get_exception_types(method, CHECK_NULL);
 939   if (exception_types.is_null()) return NULL;
 940 
 941   const int modifiers = method->access_flags().as_int() & JVM_RECOGNIZED_METHOD_MODIFIERS;
 942 
 943   Handle ch = java_lang_reflect_Constructor::create(CHECK_NULL);
 944 
 945   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_clazz(ch(), holder->java_mirror());
 946   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_slot(ch(), slot);
 947   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_parameter_types(ch(), parameter_types());
 948   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_exception_types(ch(), exception_types());
 949   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_modifiers(ch(), modifiers);
 950   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_override(ch(), false);
 951   if (java_lang_reflect_Constructor::has_signature_field() &&
 952       method->generic_signature() != NULL) {
 953     Symbol*  gs = method->generic_signature();
 954     Handle sig = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(gs, CHECK_NULL);
 955     java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_signature(ch(), sig());
 956   }
 957   if (java_lang_reflect_Constructor::has_annotations_field()) {
 958     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 959     java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_annotations(ch(), an_oop);
 960   }
 961   if (java_lang_reflect_Constructor::has_parameter_annotations_field()) {
 962     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->parameter_annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 963     java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_parameter_annotations(ch(), an_oop);
 964   }
 965   if (java_lang_reflect_Constructor::has_type_annotations_field()) {
 966     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->type_annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 967     java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_type_annotations(ch(), an_oop);
 968   }
 969   return ch();
 970 }
 971 
 972 
 973 oop Reflection::new_field(fieldDescriptor* fd, TRAPS) {
 974   Symbol*  field_name = fd->name();
 975   oop name_oop = StringTable::intern(field_name, CHECK_NULL);
 976   Handle name = Handle(THREAD, name_oop);
 977   Symbol*  signature  = fd->signature();
 978   InstanceKlass* holder = fd->field_holder();
 979   Handle type = new_type(signature, holder, CHECK_NULL);
 980   Handle rh  = java_lang_reflect_Field::create(CHECK_NULL);
 981 
 982   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_clazz(rh(), fd->field_holder()->java_mirror());
 983   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_slot(rh(), fd->index());
 984   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_name(rh(), name());
 985   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_type(rh(), type());
 986   // Note the ACC_ANNOTATION bit, which is a per-class access flag, is never set here.
 987   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_modifiers(rh(), fd->access_flags().as_int() & JVM_RECOGNIZED_FIELD_MODIFIERS);
 988   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_override(rh(), false);
 989   if (java_lang_reflect_Field::has_signature_field() &&
 990       fd->has_generic_signature()) {
 991     Symbol*  gs = fd->generic_signature();
 992     Handle sig = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(gs, CHECK_NULL);
 993     java_lang_reflect_Field::set_signature(rh(), sig());
 994   }
 995   if (java_lang_reflect_Field::has_annotations_field()) {
 996     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(fd->annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 997     java_lang_reflect_Field::set_annotations(rh(), an_oop);
 998   }
 999   if (java_lang_reflect_Field::has_type_annotations_field()) {
1000     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(fd->type_annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
1001     java_lang_reflect_Field::set_type_annotations(rh(), an_oop);
1002   }
1003   return rh();
1004 }
1005 
1006 oop Reflection::new_parameter(Handle method, int index, Symbol* sym,
1007                               int flags, TRAPS) {
1008 
1009   Handle rh = java_lang_reflect_Parameter::create(CHECK_NULL);
1010 
1011   if(NULL != sym) {
1012     Handle name = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(sym, CHECK_NULL);
1013     java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_name(rh(), name());
1014   } else {
1015     java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_name(rh(), NULL);
1016   }
1017 
1018   java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_modifiers(rh(), flags);
1019   java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_executable(rh(), method());
1020   java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_index(rh(), index);
1021   return rh();
1022 }
1023 
1024 
1025 static methodHandle resolve_interface_call(InstanceKlass* klass,
1026                                            const methodHandle& method,
1027                                            Klass* recv_klass,
1028                                            Handle receiver,
1029                                            TRAPS) {
1030 
1031   assert(!method.is_null() , "method should not be null");
1032 
1033   CallInfo info;
1034   Symbol*  signature  = method->signature();
1035   Symbol*  name       = method->name();
1036   LinkResolver::resolve_interface_call(info, receiver, recv_klass,
1037                                        LinkInfo(klass, name, signature),
1038                                        true,
1039                                        CHECK_(methodHandle()));
1040   return info.selected_method();
1041 }
1042 
1043 // Conversion
1044 static BasicType basic_type_mirror_to_basic_type(oop basic_type_mirror, TRAPS) {
1045   assert(java_lang_Class::is_primitive(basic_type_mirror),
1046     "just checking");
1047   return java_lang_Class::primitive_type(basic_type_mirror);
1048 }
1049 
1050 // Narrowing of basic types. Used to create correct jvalues for
1051 // boolean, byte, char and short return return values from interpreter
1052 // which are returned as ints. Throws IllegalArgumentException.
1053 static void narrow(jvalue* value, BasicType narrow_type, TRAPS) {
1054   switch (narrow_type) {
1055   case T_BOOLEAN:
1056     value->z = (jboolean) (value->i & 1);
1057     return;
1058   case T_BYTE:
1059     value->b = (jbyte)value->i;
1060     return;
1061   case T_CHAR:
1062     value->c = (jchar)value->i;
1063     return;
1064   case T_SHORT:
1065     value->s = (jshort)value->i;
1066     return;
1067   default:
1068     break; // fail
1069   }
1070   THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "argument type mismatch");
1071 }
1072 
1073 
1074 // Method call (shared by invoke_method and invoke_constructor)
1075 static oop invoke(InstanceKlass* klass,
1076                   const methodHandle& reflected_method,
1077                   Handle receiver,
1078                   bool override,
1079                   objArrayHandle ptypes,
1080                   BasicType rtype,
1081                   objArrayHandle args,
1082                   bool is_method_invoke,
1083                   TRAPS) {
1084 
1085   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1086 
1087   methodHandle method;      // actual method to invoke
1088   Klass* target_klass;      // target klass, receiver's klass for non-static
1089 
1090   // Ensure klass is initialized
1091   klass->initialize(CHECK_NULL);
1092 
1093   bool is_static = reflected_method->is_static();
1094   if (is_static) {
1095     // ignore receiver argument
1096     method = reflected_method;
1097     target_klass = klass;
1098   } else {
1099     // check for null receiver
1100     if (receiver.is_null()) {
1101       THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
1102     }
1103     // Check class of receiver against class declaring method
1104     if (!receiver->is_a(klass)) {
1105       THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "object is not an instance of declaring class");
1106     }
1107     // target klass is receiver's klass
1108     target_klass = receiver->klass();
1109     // no need to resolve if method is private or <init>
1110     if (reflected_method->is_private() || reflected_method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
1111       method = reflected_method;
1112     } else {
1113       // resolve based on the receiver
1114       if (reflected_method->method_holder()->is_interface()) {
1115         // resolve interface call
1116         //
1117         // Match resolution errors with those thrown due to reflection inlining
1118         // Linktime resolution & IllegalAccessCheck already done by Class.getMethod()
1119         method = resolve_interface_call(klass, reflected_method, target_klass, receiver, THREAD);
1120         if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1121           // Method resolution threw an exception; wrap it in an InvocationTargetException
1122           oop resolution_exception = PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1123           CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1124           // JVMTI has already reported the pending exception
1125           // JVMTI internal flag reset is needed in order to report InvocationTargetException
1126           if (THREAD->is_Java_thread()) {
1127             JvmtiExport::clear_detected_exception((JavaThread*)THREAD);
1128           }
1129           JavaCallArguments args(Handle(THREAD, resolution_exception));
1130           THROW_ARG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_reflect_InvocationTargetException(),
1131                       vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature(),
1132                       &args);
1133         }
1134       }  else {
1135         // if the method can be overridden, we resolve using the vtable index.
1136         assert(!reflected_method->has_itable_index(), "");
1137         int index = reflected_method->vtable_index();
1138         method = reflected_method;
1139         if (index != Method::nonvirtual_vtable_index) {
1140           method = methodHandle(THREAD, target_klass->method_at_vtable(index));
1141         }
1142         if (!method.is_null()) {
1143           // Check for abstract methods as well
1144           if (method->is_abstract()) {
1145             // new default: 6531596
1146             ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1147             Handle h_origexception = Exceptions::new_exception(THREAD,
1148               vmSymbols::java_lang_AbstractMethodError(),
1149               Method::name_and_sig_as_C_string(target_klass,
1150               method->name(),
1151               method->signature()));
1152             JavaCallArguments args(h_origexception);
1153             THROW_ARG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_reflect_InvocationTargetException(),
1154               vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature(),
1155               &args);
1156           }
1157         }
1158       }
1159     }
1160   }
1161 
1162   // I believe this is a ShouldNotGetHere case which requires
1163   // an internal vtable bug. If you ever get this please let Karen know.
1164   if (method.is_null()) {
1165     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1166     THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchMethodError(),
1167                 Method::name_and_sig_as_C_string(klass,
1168                 reflected_method->name(),
1169                 reflected_method->signature()));
1170   }
1171 
1172   assert(ptypes->is_objArray(), "just checking");
1173   int args_len = args.is_null() ? 0 : args->length();
1174   // Check number of arguments
1175   if (ptypes->length() != args_len) {
1176     THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(),
1177                 "wrong number of arguments");
1178   }
1179 
1180   // Create object to contain parameters for the JavaCall
1181   JavaCallArguments java_args(method->size_of_parameters());
1182 
1183   if (!is_static) {
1184     java_args.push_oop(receiver);
1185   }
1186 
1187   for (int i = 0; i < args_len; i++) {
1188     oop type_mirror = ptypes->obj_at(i);
1189     oop arg = args->obj_at(i);
1190     if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(type_mirror)) {
1191       jvalue value;
1192       BasicType ptype = basic_type_mirror_to_basic_type(type_mirror, CHECK_NULL);
1193       BasicType atype = Reflection::unbox_for_primitive(arg, &value, CHECK_NULL);
1194       if (ptype != atype) {
1195         Reflection::widen(&value, atype, ptype, CHECK_NULL);
1196       }
1197       switch (ptype) {
1198         case T_BOOLEAN:     java_args.push_int(value.z);    break;
1199         case T_CHAR:        java_args.push_int(value.c);    break;
1200         case T_BYTE:        java_args.push_int(value.b);    break;
1201         case T_SHORT:       java_args.push_int(value.s);    break;
1202         case T_INT:         java_args.push_int(value.i);    break;
1203         case T_LONG:        java_args.push_long(value.j);   break;
1204         case T_FLOAT:       java_args.push_float(value.f);  break;
1205         case T_DOUBLE:      java_args.push_double(value.d); break;
1206         default:
1207           THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "argument type mismatch");
1208       }
1209     } else {
1210       if (arg != NULL) {
1211         Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(type_mirror);
1212         if (!arg->is_a(k)) {
1213           THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(),
1214                       "argument type mismatch");
1215         }
1216       }
1217       Handle arg_handle(THREAD, arg);         // Create handle for argument
1218       java_args.push_oop(arg_handle); // Push handle
1219     }
1220   }
1221 
1222   assert(java_args.size_of_parameters() == method->size_of_parameters(),
1223     "just checking");
1224 
1225   // All oops (including receiver) is passed in as Handles. An potential oop is returned as an
1226   // oop (i.e., NOT as an handle)
1227   JavaValue result(rtype);
1228   JavaCalls::call(&result, method, &java_args, THREAD);
1229 
1230   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1231     // Method threw an exception; wrap it in an InvocationTargetException
1232     oop target_exception = PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1233     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1234     // JVMTI has already reported the pending exception
1235     // JVMTI internal flag reset is needed in order to report InvocationTargetException
1236     if (THREAD->is_Java_thread()) {
1237       JvmtiExport::clear_detected_exception((JavaThread*)THREAD);
1238     }
1239 
1240     JavaCallArguments args(Handle(THREAD, target_exception));
1241     THROW_ARG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_reflect_InvocationTargetException(),
1242                 vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature(),
1243                 &args);
1244   } else {
1245     if (rtype == T_BOOLEAN || rtype == T_BYTE || rtype == T_CHAR || rtype == T_SHORT) {
1246       narrow((jvalue*)result.get_value_addr(), rtype, CHECK_NULL);
1247     }
1248     return Reflection::box((jvalue*)result.get_value_addr(), rtype, THREAD);
1249   }
1250 }
1251 
1252 // This would be nicer if, say, java.lang.reflect.Method was a subclass
1253 // of java.lang.reflect.Constructor
1254 
1255 oop Reflection::invoke_method(oop method_mirror, Handle receiver, objArrayHandle args, TRAPS) {
1256   oop mirror             = java_lang_reflect_Method::clazz(method_mirror);
1257   int slot               = java_lang_reflect_Method::slot(method_mirror);
1258   bool override          = java_lang_reflect_Method::override(method_mirror) != 0;
1259   objArrayHandle ptypes(THREAD, objArrayOop(java_lang_reflect_Method::parameter_types(method_mirror)));
1260 
1261   oop return_type_mirror = java_lang_reflect_Method::return_type(method_mirror);
1262   BasicType rtype;
1263   if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(return_type_mirror)) {
1264     rtype = basic_type_mirror_to_basic_type(return_type_mirror, CHECK_NULL);
1265   } else {
1266     rtype = T_OBJECT;
1267   }
1268 
1269   InstanceKlass* klass = InstanceKlass::cast(java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror));
1270   Method* m = klass->method_with_idnum(slot);
1271   if (m == NULL) {
1272     THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), "invoke");
1273   }
1274   methodHandle method(THREAD, m);
1275 
1276   return invoke(klass, method, receiver, override, ptypes, rtype, args, true, THREAD);
1277 }
1278 
1279 
1280 oop Reflection::invoke_constructor(oop constructor_mirror, objArrayHandle args, TRAPS) {
1281   oop mirror             = java_lang_reflect_Constructor::clazz(constructor_mirror);
1282   int slot               = java_lang_reflect_Constructor::slot(constructor_mirror);
1283   bool override          = java_lang_reflect_Constructor::override(constructor_mirror) != 0;
1284   objArrayHandle ptypes(THREAD, objArrayOop(java_lang_reflect_Constructor::parameter_types(constructor_mirror)));
1285 
1286   InstanceKlass* klass = InstanceKlass::cast(java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror));
1287   Method* m = klass->method_with_idnum(slot);
1288   if (m == NULL) {
1289     THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), "invoke");
1290   }
1291   methodHandle method(THREAD, m);
1292   assert(method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(), "invalid constructor");
1293 
1294   // Make sure klass gets initialize
1295   klass->initialize(CHECK_NULL);
1296 
1297   // Create new instance (the receiver)
1298   klass->check_valid_for_instantiation(false, CHECK_NULL);
1299   Handle receiver = klass->allocate_instance_handle(CHECK_NULL);
1300 
1301   // Ignore result from call and return receiver
1302   invoke(klass, method, receiver, override, ptypes, T_VOID, args, false, CHECK_NULL);
1303   return receiver();
1304 }