1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
8 *
9 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
10 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
11 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
12 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
13 * accompanied this code).
14 *
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
16 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
17 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
18 *
19 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
20 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
21 * questions.
22 *
23 */
24
25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
26 #include "aot/aotLoader.hpp"
27 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
28 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
29 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
30 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
31 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
32 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
33 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
34 #include "code/dependencies.hpp"
35 #include "gc/shared/cardTableModRefBS.hpp"
36 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
37 #include "gc/shared/gcLocker.inline.hpp"
38 #include "gc/shared/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
39 #include "gc/shared/generation.hpp"
40 #include "gc/shared/gcTraceTime.inline.hpp"
41 #include "gc/shared/space.hpp"
42 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
43 #include "logging/log.hpp"
44 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
45 #include "memory/filemap.hpp"
46 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
47 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
48 #include "memory/metaspaceShared.hpp"
49 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
50 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
51 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
52 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
53 #include "oops/constantPool.hpp"
54 #include "oops/instanceClassLoaderKlass.hpp"
55 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
56 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
57 #include "oops/instanceRefKlass.hpp"
58 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
59 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
60 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
61 #include "prims/resolvedMethodTable.hpp"
62 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
63 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
64 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagConstraintList.hpp"
65 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
66 #include "runtime/fprofiler.hpp"
67 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
68 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
69 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
70 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
71 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
72 #include "runtime/synchronizer.hpp"
73 #include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
74 #include "runtime/timerTrace.hpp"
75 #include "runtime/vm_operations.hpp"
76 #include "services/memoryService.hpp"
77 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
78 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
79 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
80 #include "utilities/events.hpp"
81 #include "utilities/formatBuffer.hpp"
82 #include "utilities/hashtable.inline.hpp"
83 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
84 #include "utilities/ostream.hpp"
85 #include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
86 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
87 #include "gc/cms/cmsCollectorPolicy.hpp"
88 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp"
89 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectorPolicy.hpp"
90 #include "gc/parallel/parallelScavengeHeap.hpp"
91 #include "gc/shared/adaptiveSizePolicy.hpp"
92 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
93 #if INCLUDE_CDS
94 #include "classfile/sharedClassUtil.hpp"
95 #endif
96
97 // Known objects
98 Klass* Universe::_boolArrayKlassObj = NULL;
99 Klass* Universe::_byteArrayKlassObj = NULL;
100 Klass* Universe::_charArrayKlassObj = NULL;
101 Klass* Universe::_intArrayKlassObj = NULL;
102 Klass* Universe::_shortArrayKlassObj = NULL;
103 Klass* Universe::_longArrayKlassObj = NULL;
104 Klass* Universe::_singleArrayKlassObj = NULL;
105 Klass* Universe::_doubleArrayKlassObj = NULL;
106 Klass* Universe::_typeArrayKlassObjs[T_VOID+1] = { NULL /*, NULL...*/ };
107 Klass* Universe::_objectArrayKlassObj = NULL;
108 oop Universe::_int_mirror = NULL;
109 oop Universe::_float_mirror = NULL;
110 oop Universe::_double_mirror = NULL;
111 oop Universe::_byte_mirror = NULL;
112 oop Universe::_bool_mirror = NULL;
113 oop Universe::_char_mirror = NULL;
114 oop Universe::_long_mirror = NULL;
115 oop Universe::_short_mirror = NULL;
116 oop Universe::_void_mirror = NULL;
117 oop Universe::_mirrors[T_VOID+1] = { NULL /*, NULL...*/ };
118 oop Universe::_main_thread_group = NULL;
119 oop Universe::_system_thread_group = NULL;
120 objArrayOop Universe::_the_empty_class_klass_array = NULL;
121 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_array_interfaces_array = NULL;
122 oop Universe::_the_null_string = NULL;
123 oop Universe::_the_min_jint_string = NULL;
124 LatestMethodCache* Universe::_finalizer_register_cache = NULL;
125 LatestMethodCache* Universe::_loader_addClass_cache = NULL;
126 LatestMethodCache* Universe::_pd_implies_cache = NULL;
127 LatestMethodCache* Universe::_throw_illegal_access_error_cache = NULL;
128 LatestMethodCache* Universe::_do_stack_walk_cache = NULL;
129 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap = NULL;
130 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace = NULL;
131 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace = NULL;
132 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_array_size = NULL;
133 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit = NULL;
134 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects = NULL;
135 oop Universe::_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message = NULL;
136 objArrayOop Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array = NULL;
137 volatile jint Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = 0;
138 bool Universe::_verify_in_progress = false;
139 long Universe::verify_flags = Universe::Verify_All;
140 oop Universe::_null_ptr_exception_instance = NULL;
141 oop Universe::_arithmetic_exception_instance = NULL;
142 oop Universe::_virtual_machine_error_instance = NULL;
143 oop Universe::_vm_exception = NULL;
144 oop Universe::_allocation_context_notification_obj = NULL;
145 oop Universe::_reference_pending_list = NULL;
146
147 Array<int>* Universe::_the_empty_int_array = NULL;
148 Array<u2>* Universe::_the_empty_short_array = NULL;
149 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_empty_klass_array = NULL;
150 Array<Method*>* Universe::_the_empty_method_array = NULL;
151
152 // These variables are guarded by FullGCALot_lock.
153 debug_only(objArrayOop Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_array = NULL;)
154 debug_only(int Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_next = 0;)
155
156 // Heap
157 int Universe::_verify_count = 0;
158
159 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
160 uintptr_t Universe::_verify_oop_mask = 0;
161 uintptr_t Universe::_verify_oop_bits = (uintptr_t) -1;
162
163 int Universe::_base_vtable_size = 0;
164 bool Universe::_bootstrapping = false;
165 bool Universe::_module_initialized = false;
166 bool Universe::_fully_initialized = false;
167
168 size_t Universe::_heap_capacity_at_last_gc;
169 size_t Universe::_heap_used_at_last_gc = 0;
170
171 CollectedHeap* Universe::_collectedHeap = NULL;
172
173 NarrowPtrStruct Universe::_narrow_oop = { NULL, 0, true };
174 NarrowPtrStruct Universe::_narrow_klass = { NULL, 0, true };
175 address Universe::_narrow_ptrs_base;
176
177 void Universe::basic_type_classes_do(void f(Klass*)) {
178 f(boolArrayKlassObj());
179 f(byteArrayKlassObj());
180 f(charArrayKlassObj());
181 f(intArrayKlassObj());
182 f(shortArrayKlassObj());
183 f(longArrayKlassObj());
184 f(singleArrayKlassObj());
185 f(doubleArrayKlassObj());
186 }
187
188 void Universe::oops_do(OopClosure* f, bool do_all) {
189
190 f->do_oop((oop*) &_int_mirror);
191 f->do_oop((oop*) &_float_mirror);
192 f->do_oop((oop*) &_double_mirror);
193 f->do_oop((oop*) &_byte_mirror);
194 f->do_oop((oop*) &_bool_mirror);
195 f->do_oop((oop*) &_char_mirror);
196 f->do_oop((oop*) &_long_mirror);
197 f->do_oop((oop*) &_short_mirror);
198 f->do_oop((oop*) &_void_mirror);
199
200 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
201 f->do_oop((oop*) &_mirrors[i]);
202 }
203 assert(_mirrors[0] == NULL && _mirrors[T_BOOLEAN - 1] == NULL, "checking");
204
205 f->do_oop((oop*)&_the_empty_class_klass_array);
206 f->do_oop((oop*)&_the_null_string);
207 f->do_oop((oop*)&_the_min_jint_string);
208 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_java_heap);
209 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_metaspace);
210 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace);
211 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_array_size);
212 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit);
213 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects);
214 f->do_oop((oop*)&_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message);
215 f->do_oop((oop*)&_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array);
216 f->do_oop((oop*)&_null_ptr_exception_instance);
217 f->do_oop((oop*)&_arithmetic_exception_instance);
218 f->do_oop((oop*)&_virtual_machine_error_instance);
219 f->do_oop((oop*)&_main_thread_group);
220 f->do_oop((oop*)&_system_thread_group);
221 f->do_oop((oop*)&_vm_exception);
222 f->do_oop((oop*)&_allocation_context_notification_obj);
223 f->do_oop((oop*)&_reference_pending_list);
224 debug_only(f->do_oop((oop*)&_fullgc_alot_dummy_array);)
225 }
226
227 void LatestMethodCache::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
228 it->push(&_klass);
229 }
230
231 void Universe::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
232 it->push(&_boolArrayKlassObj);
233 it->push(&_byteArrayKlassObj);
234 it->push(&_charArrayKlassObj);
235 it->push(&_intArrayKlassObj);
236 it->push(&_shortArrayKlassObj);
237 it->push(&_longArrayKlassObj);
238 it->push(&_singleArrayKlassObj);
239 it->push(&_doubleArrayKlassObj);
240 for (int i = 0; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
241 it->push(&_typeArrayKlassObjs[i]);
242 }
243 it->push(&_objectArrayKlassObj);
244
245 it->push(&_the_empty_int_array);
246 it->push(&_the_empty_short_array);
247 it->push(&_the_empty_klass_array);
248 it->push(&_the_empty_method_array);
249 it->push(&_the_array_interfaces_array);
250
251 _finalizer_register_cache->metaspace_pointers_do(it);
252 _loader_addClass_cache->metaspace_pointers_do(it);
253 _pd_implies_cache->metaspace_pointers_do(it);
254 _throw_illegal_access_error_cache->metaspace_pointers_do(it);
255 _do_stack_walk_cache->metaspace_pointers_do(it);
256 }
257
258 // Serialize metadata in and out of CDS archive, not oops.
259 void Universe::serialize(SerializeClosure* f, bool do_all) {
260
261 f->do_ptr((void**)&_boolArrayKlassObj);
262 f->do_ptr((void**)&_byteArrayKlassObj);
263 f->do_ptr((void**)&_charArrayKlassObj);
264 f->do_ptr((void**)&_intArrayKlassObj);
265 f->do_ptr((void**)&_shortArrayKlassObj);
266 f->do_ptr((void**)&_longArrayKlassObj);
267 f->do_ptr((void**)&_singleArrayKlassObj);
268 f->do_ptr((void**)&_doubleArrayKlassObj);
269 f->do_ptr((void**)&_objectArrayKlassObj);
270
271 {
272 for (int i = 0; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
273 if (_typeArrayKlassObjs[i] != NULL) {
274 assert(i >= T_BOOLEAN, "checking");
275 f->do_ptr((void**)&_typeArrayKlassObjs[i]);
276 } else if (do_all) {
277 f->do_ptr((void**)&_typeArrayKlassObjs[i]);
278 }
279 }
280 }
281
282 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_array_interfaces_array);
283 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_empty_int_array);
284 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_empty_short_array);
285 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_empty_method_array);
286 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_empty_klass_array);
287 _finalizer_register_cache->serialize(f);
288 _loader_addClass_cache->serialize(f);
289 _pd_implies_cache->serialize(f);
290 _throw_illegal_access_error_cache->serialize(f);
291 _do_stack_walk_cache->serialize(f);
292 }
293
294 void Universe::check_alignment(uintx size, uintx alignment, const char* name) {
295 if (size < alignment || size % alignment != 0) {
296 vm_exit_during_initialization(
297 err_msg("Size of %s (" UINTX_FORMAT " bytes) must be aligned to " UINTX_FORMAT " bytes", name, size, alignment));
298 }
299 }
300
301 void initialize_basic_type_klass(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
302 Klass* ok = SystemDictionary::Object_klass();
303 #if INCLUDE_CDS
304 if (UseSharedSpaces) {
305 ClassLoaderData* loader_data = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
306 assert(k->super() == ok, "u3");
307 k->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), CHECK);
308 } else
309 #endif
310 {
311 k->initialize_supers(ok, CHECK);
312 }
313 k->append_to_sibling_list();
314 }
315
316 void Universe::genesis(TRAPS) {
317 ResourceMark rm;
318
319 { FlagSetting fs(_bootstrapping, true);
320
321 { MutexLocker mc(Compile_lock);
322
323 // determine base vtable size; without that we cannot create the array klasses
324 compute_base_vtable_size();
325
326 if (!UseSharedSpaces) {
327 _boolArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_BOOLEAN, sizeof(jboolean), CHECK);
328 _charArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_CHAR, sizeof(jchar), CHECK);
329 _singleArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_FLOAT, sizeof(jfloat), CHECK);
330 _doubleArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_DOUBLE, sizeof(jdouble), CHECK);
331 _byteArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_BYTE, sizeof(jbyte), CHECK);
332 _shortArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_SHORT, sizeof(jshort), CHECK);
333 _intArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_INT, sizeof(jint), CHECK);
334 _longArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_LONG, sizeof(jlong), CHECK);
335
336 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_BOOLEAN] = _boolArrayKlassObj;
337 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_CHAR] = _charArrayKlassObj;
338 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_FLOAT] = _singleArrayKlassObj;
339 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_DOUBLE] = _doubleArrayKlassObj;
340 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_BYTE] = _byteArrayKlassObj;
341 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_SHORT] = _shortArrayKlassObj;
342 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_INT] = _intArrayKlassObj;
343 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_LONG] = _longArrayKlassObj;
344
345 ClassLoaderData* null_cld = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
346
347 _the_array_interfaces_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 2, NULL, CHECK);
348 _the_empty_int_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<int>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
349 _the_empty_short_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
350 _the_empty_method_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Method*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
351 _the_empty_klass_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
352 }
353 }
354
355 vmSymbols::initialize(CHECK);
356
357 SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK);
358
359 Klass* ok = SystemDictionary::Object_klass();
360
361 _the_null_string = StringTable::intern("null", CHECK);
362 _the_min_jint_string = StringTable::intern("-2147483648", CHECK);
363
364 #if INCLUDE_CDS
365 if (UseSharedSpaces) {
366 // Verify shared interfaces array.
367 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(0) ==
368 SystemDictionary::Cloneable_klass(), "u3");
369 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(1) ==
370 SystemDictionary::Serializable_klass(), "u3");
371 MetaspaceShared::fixup_shared_string_regions();
372 } else
373 #endif
374 {
375 // Set up shared interfaces array. (Do this before supers are set up.)
376 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(0, SystemDictionary::Cloneable_klass());
377 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(1, SystemDictionary::Serializable_klass());
378 }
379
380 initialize_basic_type_klass(boolArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
381 initialize_basic_type_klass(charArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
382 initialize_basic_type_klass(singleArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
383 initialize_basic_type_klass(doubleArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
384 initialize_basic_type_klass(byteArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
385 initialize_basic_type_klass(shortArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
386 initialize_basic_type_klass(intArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
387 initialize_basic_type_klass(longArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
388 } // end of core bootstrapping
389
390 // Maybe this could be lifted up now that object array can be initialized
391 // during the bootstrapping.
392
393 // OLD
394 // Initialize _objectArrayKlass after core bootstraping to make
395 // sure the super class is set up properly for _objectArrayKlass.
396 // ---
397 // NEW
398 // Since some of the old system object arrays have been converted to
399 // ordinary object arrays, _objectArrayKlass will be loaded when
400 // SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK); is run. See the extra check
401 // for Object_klass_loaded in objArrayKlassKlass::allocate_objArray_klass_impl.
402 _objectArrayKlassObj = InstanceKlass::
403 cast(SystemDictionary::Object_klass())->array_klass(1, CHECK);
404 // OLD
405 // Add the class to the class hierarchy manually to make sure that
406 // its vtable is initialized after core bootstrapping is completed.
407 // ---
408 // New
409 // Have already been initialized.
410 _objectArrayKlassObj->append_to_sibling_list();
411
412 #ifdef ASSERT
413 if (FullGCALot) {
414 // Allocate an array of dummy objects.
415 // We'd like these to be at the bottom of the old generation,
416 // so that when we free one and then collect,
417 // (almost) the whole heap moves
418 // and we find out if we actually update all the oops correctly.
419 // But we can't allocate directly in the old generation,
420 // so we allocate wherever, and hope that the first collection
421 // moves these objects to the bottom of the old generation.
422 // We can allocate directly in the permanent generation, so we do.
423 int size;
424 if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
425 log_warning(gc)("Using +FullGCALot with concurrent mark sweep gc will not force all objects to relocate");
426 size = FullGCALotDummies;
427 } else {
428 size = FullGCALotDummies * 2;
429 }
430 objArrayOop naked_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), size, CHECK);
431 objArrayHandle dummy_array(THREAD, naked_array);
432 int i = 0;
433 while (i < size) {
434 // Allocate dummy in old generation
435 oop dummy = SystemDictionary::Object_klass()->allocate_instance(CHECK);
436 dummy_array->obj_at_put(i++, dummy);
437 }
438 {
439 // Only modify the global variable inside the mutex.
440 // If we had a race to here, the other dummy_array instances
441 // and their elements just get dropped on the floor, which is fine.
442 MutexLocker ml(FullGCALot_lock);
443 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_array == NULL) {
444 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = dummy_array();
445 }
446 }
447 assert(i == _fullgc_alot_dummy_array->length(), "just checking");
448 }
449 #endif
450
451 // Initialize dependency array for null class loader
452 ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data()->init_dependencies(CHECK);
453
454 }
455
456 void Universe::initialize_basic_type_mirrors(TRAPS) {
457 assert(_int_mirror==NULL, "basic type mirrors already initialized");
458 _int_mirror =
459 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("int", T_INT, CHECK);
460 _float_mirror =
461 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("float", T_FLOAT, CHECK);
462 _double_mirror =
463 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("double", T_DOUBLE, CHECK);
464 _byte_mirror =
465 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("byte", T_BYTE, CHECK);
466 _bool_mirror =
467 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("boolean",T_BOOLEAN, CHECK);
468 _char_mirror =
469 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("char", T_CHAR, CHECK);
470 _long_mirror =
471 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("long", T_LONG, CHECK);
472 _short_mirror =
473 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("short", T_SHORT, CHECK);
474 _void_mirror =
475 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("void", T_VOID, CHECK);
476
477 _mirrors[T_INT] = _int_mirror;
478 _mirrors[T_FLOAT] = _float_mirror;
479 _mirrors[T_DOUBLE] = _double_mirror;
480 _mirrors[T_BYTE] = _byte_mirror;
481 _mirrors[T_BOOLEAN] = _bool_mirror;
482 _mirrors[T_CHAR] = _char_mirror;
483 _mirrors[T_LONG] = _long_mirror;
484 _mirrors[T_SHORT] = _short_mirror;
485 _mirrors[T_VOID] = _void_mirror;
486 //_mirrors[T_OBJECT] = _object_klass->java_mirror();
487 //_mirrors[T_ARRAY] = _object_klass->java_mirror();
488 }
489
490 void Universe::fixup_mirrors(TRAPS) {
491 // Bootstrap problem: all classes gets a mirror (java.lang.Class instance) assigned eagerly,
492 // but we cannot do that for classes created before java.lang.Class is loaded. Here we simply
493 // walk over permanent objects created so far (mostly classes) and fixup their mirrors. Note
494 // that the number of objects allocated at this point is very small.
495 assert(SystemDictionary::Class_klass_loaded(), "java.lang.Class should be loaded");
496 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
497 // Cache the start of the static fields
498 InstanceMirrorKlass::init_offset_of_static_fields();
499
500 GrowableArray <Klass*>* list = java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
501 int list_length = list->length();
502 for (int i = 0; i < list_length; i++) {
503 Klass* k = list->at(i);
504 assert(k->is_klass(), "List should only hold classes");
505 EXCEPTION_MARK;
506 java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror(k, CATCH);
507 }
508 delete java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
509 java_lang_Class::set_fixup_mirror_list(NULL);
510 }
511
512 #define assert_pll_locked(test) \
513 assert(Heap_lock->test(), "Reference pending list access requires lock")
514
515 #define assert_pll_ownership() assert_pll_locked(owned_by_self)
516
517 oop Universe::reference_pending_list() {
518 assert_pll_ownership();
519 return _reference_pending_list;
520 }
521
522 void Universe::set_reference_pending_list(oop list) {
523 assert_pll_ownership();
524 _reference_pending_list = list;
525 }
526
527 bool Universe::has_reference_pending_list() {
528 assert_pll_ownership();
529 return _reference_pending_list != NULL;
530 }
531
532 oop Universe::swap_reference_pending_list(oop list) {
533 assert_pll_locked(is_locked);
534 return (oop)Atomic::xchg_ptr(list, &_reference_pending_list);
535 }
536
537 #undef assert_pll_locked
538 #undef assert_pll_ownership
539
540
541 static bool has_run_finalizers_on_exit = false;
542
543 void Universe::run_finalizers_on_exit() {
544 if (has_run_finalizers_on_exit) return;
545 has_run_finalizers_on_exit = true;
546
547 // Called on VM exit. This ought to be run in a separate thread.
548 log_trace(ref)("Callback to run finalizers on exit");
549 {
550 PRESERVE_EXCEPTION_MARK;
551 Klass* finalizer_klass = SystemDictionary::Finalizer_klass();
552 JavaValue result(T_VOID);
553 JavaCalls::call_static(
554 &result,
555 finalizer_klass,
556 vmSymbols::run_finalizers_on_exit_name(),
557 vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
558 THREAD
559 );
560 // Ignore any pending exceptions
561 CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
562 }
563 }
564
565
566 // initialize_vtable could cause gc if
567 // 1) we specified true to initialize_vtable and
568 // 2) this ran after gc was enabled
569 // In case those ever change we use handles for oops
570 void Universe::reinitialize_vtable_of(Klass* ko, TRAPS) {
571 // init vtable of k and all subclasses
572 ko->vtable().initialize_vtable(false, CHECK);
573 if (ko->is_instance_klass()) {
574 for (Klass* sk = ko->subklass();
575 sk != NULL;
576 sk = sk->next_sibling()) {
577 reinitialize_vtable_of(sk, CHECK);
578 }
579 }
580 }
581
582
583 void initialize_itable_for_klass(InstanceKlass* k, TRAPS) {
584 k->itable().initialize_itable(false, CHECK);
585 }
586
587
588 void Universe::reinitialize_itables(TRAPS) {
589 ClassLoaderDataGraph::dictionary_classes_do(initialize_itable_for_klass, CHECK);
590 }
591
592
593 bool Universe::on_page_boundary(void* addr) {
594 return is_aligned(addr, os::vm_page_size());
595 }
596
597
598 bool Universe::should_fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable) {
599 // never attempt to fill in the stack trace of preallocated errors that do not have
600 // backtrace. These errors are kept alive forever and may be "re-used" when all
601 // preallocated errors with backtrace have been consumed. Also need to avoid
602 // a potential loop which could happen if an out of memory occurs when attempting
603 // to allocate the backtrace.
604 return ((throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap) &&
605 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace) &&
606 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace) &&
607 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_array_size) &&
608 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit) &&
609 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects));
610 }
611
612
613 oop Universe::gen_out_of_memory_error(oop default_err) {
614 // generate an out of memory error:
615 // - if there is a preallocated error and stack traces are available
616 // (j.l.Throwable is initialized), then return the preallocated
617 // error with a filled in stack trace, and with the message
618 // provided by the default error.
619 // - otherwise, return the default error, without a stack trace.
620 int next;
621 if ((_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count > 0) &&
622 SystemDictionary::Throwable_klass()->is_initialized()) {
623 next = (int)Atomic::add(-1, &_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count);
624 assert(next < (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount, "avail count is corrupt");
625 } else {
626 next = -1;
627 }
628 if (next < 0) {
629 // all preallocated errors have been used.
630 // return default
631 return default_err;
632 } else {
633 Thread* THREAD = Thread::current();
634 Handle default_err_h(THREAD, default_err);
635 // get the error object at the slot and set set it to NULL so that the
636 // array isn't keeping it alive anymore.
637 Handle exc(THREAD, preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(next));
638 assert(exc() != NULL, "slot has been used already");
639 preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at_put(next, NULL);
640
641 // use the message from the default error
642 oop msg = java_lang_Throwable::message(default_err_h());
643 assert(msg != NULL, "no message");
644 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(exc(), msg);
645
646 // populate the stack trace and return it.
647 java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(exc);
648 return exc();
649 }
650 }
651
652 intptr_t Universe::_non_oop_bits = 0;
653
654 void* Universe::non_oop_word() {
655 // Neither the high bits nor the low bits of this value is allowed
656 // to look like (respectively) the high or low bits of a real oop.
657 //
658 // High and low are CPU-specific notions, but low always includes
659 // the low-order bit. Since oops are always aligned at least mod 4,
660 // setting the low-order bit will ensure that the low half of the
661 // word will never look like that of a real oop.
662 //
663 // Using the OS-supplied non-memory-address word (usually 0 or -1)
664 // will take care of the high bits, however many there are.
665
666 if (_non_oop_bits == 0) {
667 _non_oop_bits = (intptr_t)os::non_memory_address_word() | 1;
668 }
669
670 return (void*)_non_oop_bits;
671 }
672
673 jint universe_init() {
674 assert(!Universe::_fully_initialized, "called after initialize_vtables");
675 guarantee(1 << LogHeapWordSize == sizeof(HeapWord),
676 "LogHeapWordSize is incorrect.");
677 guarantee(sizeof(oop) >= sizeof(HeapWord), "HeapWord larger than oop?");
678 guarantee(sizeof(oop) % sizeof(HeapWord) == 0,
679 "oop size is not not a multiple of HeapWord size");
680
681 TraceTime timer("Genesis", TRACETIME_LOG(Info, startuptime));
682
683 JavaClasses::compute_hard_coded_offsets();
684
685 jint status = Universe::initialize_heap();
686 if (status != JNI_OK) {
687 return status;
688 }
689
690 Metaspace::global_initialize();
691
692 AOTLoader::universe_init();
693
694 // Checks 'AfterMemoryInit' constraints.
695 if (!CommandLineFlagConstraintList::check_constraints(CommandLineFlagConstraint::AfterMemoryInit)) {
696 return JNI_EINVAL;
697 }
698
699 // Create memory for metadata. Must be after initializing heap for
700 // DumpSharedSpaces.
701 ClassLoaderData::init_null_class_loader_data();
702
703 // We have a heap so create the Method* caches before
704 // Metaspace::initialize_shared_spaces() tries to populate them.
705 Universe::_finalizer_register_cache = new LatestMethodCache();
706 Universe::_loader_addClass_cache = new LatestMethodCache();
707 Universe::_pd_implies_cache = new LatestMethodCache();
708 Universe::_throw_illegal_access_error_cache = new LatestMethodCache();
709 Universe::_do_stack_walk_cache = new LatestMethodCache();
710
711 #if INCLUDE_CDS
712 if (UseSharedSpaces) {
713 // Read the data structures supporting the shared spaces (shared
714 // system dictionary, symbol table, etc.). After that, access to
715 // the file (other than the mapped regions) is no longer needed, and
716 // the file is closed. Closing the file does not affect the
717 // currently mapped regions.
718 MetaspaceShared::initialize_shared_spaces();
719 StringTable::create_table();
720 } else
721 #endif
722 {
723 SymbolTable::create_table();
724 StringTable::create_table();
725
726 #if INCLUDE_CDS
727 if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
728 MetaspaceShared::prepare_for_dumping();
729 }
730 #endif
731 }
732 if (strlen(VerifySubSet) > 0) {
733 Universe::initialize_verify_flags();
734 }
735
736 ResolvedMethodTable::create_table();
737
738 return JNI_OK;
739 }
740
741 CollectedHeap* Universe::create_heap() {
742 assert(_collectedHeap == NULL, "Heap already created");
743 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
744 if (UseParallelGC) {
745 fatal("UseParallelGC not supported in this VM.");
746 } else if (UseG1GC) {
747 fatal("UseG1GC not supported in this VM.");
748 } else if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
749 fatal("UseConcMarkSweepGC not supported in this VM.");
750 #else
751 if (UseParallelGC) {
752 return Universe::create_heap_with_policy<ParallelScavengeHeap, GenerationSizer>();
753 } else if (UseG1GC) {
754 return Universe::create_heap_with_policy<G1CollectedHeap, G1CollectorPolicy>();
755 } else if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
756 return Universe::create_heap_with_policy<GenCollectedHeap, ConcurrentMarkSweepPolicy>();
757 #endif
758 } else if (UseSerialGC) {
759 return Universe::create_heap_with_policy<GenCollectedHeap, MarkSweepPolicy>();
760 }
761
762 ShouldNotReachHere();
763 return NULL;
764 }
765
766 // Choose the heap base address and oop encoding mode
767 // when compressed oops are used:
768 // Unscaled - Use 32-bits oops without encoding when
769 // NarrowOopHeapBaseMin + heap_size < 4Gb
770 // ZeroBased - Use zero based compressed oops with encoding when
771 // NarrowOopHeapBaseMin + heap_size < 32Gb
772 // HeapBased - Use compressed oops with heap base + encoding.
773
774 jint Universe::initialize_heap() {
775 jint status = JNI_ERR;
776
777 _collectedHeap = create_heap_ext();
778 if (_collectedHeap == NULL) {
779 _collectedHeap = create_heap();
780 }
781
782 status = _collectedHeap->initialize();
783 if (status != JNI_OK) {
784 return status;
785 }
786 log_info(gc)("Using %s", _collectedHeap->name());
787
788 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::set_max_size(Universe::heap()->max_tlab_size());
789
790 #ifdef _LP64
791 if (UseCompressedOops) {
792 // Subtract a page because something can get allocated at heap base.
793 // This also makes implicit null checking work, because the
794 // memory+1 page below heap_base needs to cause a signal.
795 // See needs_explicit_null_check.
796 // Only set the heap base for compressed oops because it indicates
797 // compressed oops for pstack code.
798 if ((uint64_t)Universe::heap()->reserved_region().end() > UnscaledOopHeapMax) {
799 // Didn't reserve heap below 4Gb. Must shift.
800 Universe::set_narrow_oop_shift(LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes);
801 }
802 if ((uint64_t)Universe::heap()->reserved_region().end() <= OopEncodingHeapMax) {
803 // Did reserve heap below 32Gb. Can use base == 0;
804 Universe::set_narrow_oop_base(0);
805 }
806
807 Universe::set_narrow_ptrs_base(Universe::narrow_oop_base());
808
809 LogTarget(Info, gc, heap, coops) lt;
810 if (lt.is_enabled()) {
811 ResourceMark rm;
812 LogStream ls(lt);
813 Universe::print_compressed_oops_mode(&ls);
814 }
815
816 // Tell tests in which mode we run.
817 Arguments::PropertyList_add(new SystemProperty("java.vm.compressedOopsMode",
818 narrow_oop_mode_to_string(narrow_oop_mode()),
819 false));
820 }
821 // Universe::narrow_oop_base() is one page below the heap.
822 assert((intptr_t)Universe::narrow_oop_base() <= (intptr_t)(Universe::heap()->base() -
823 os::vm_page_size()) ||
824 Universe::narrow_oop_base() == NULL, "invalid value");
825 assert(Universe::narrow_oop_shift() == LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes ||
826 Universe::narrow_oop_shift() == 0, "invalid value");
827 #endif
828
829 // We will never reach the CATCH below since Exceptions::_throw will cause
830 // the VM to exit if an exception is thrown during initialization
831
832 if (UseTLAB) {
833 assert(Universe::heap()->supports_tlab_allocation(),
834 "Should support thread-local allocation buffers");
835 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::startup_initialization();
836 }
837 return JNI_OK;
838 }
839
840 void Universe::print_compressed_oops_mode(outputStream* st) {
841 st->print("Heap address: " PTR_FORMAT ", size: " SIZE_FORMAT " MB",
842 p2i(Universe::heap()->base()), Universe::heap()->reserved_region().byte_size()/M);
843
844 st->print(", Compressed Oops mode: %s", narrow_oop_mode_to_string(narrow_oop_mode()));
845
846 if (Universe::narrow_oop_base() != 0) {
847 st->print(": " PTR_FORMAT, p2i(Universe::narrow_oop_base()));
848 }
849
850 if (Universe::narrow_oop_shift() != 0) {
851 st->print(", Oop shift amount: %d", Universe::narrow_oop_shift());
852 }
853
854 if (!Universe::narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks()) {
855 st->print(", no protected page in front of the heap");
856 }
857 st->cr();
858 }
859
860 ReservedSpace Universe::reserve_heap(size_t heap_size, size_t alignment) {
861
862 assert(alignment <= Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment(),
863 "actual alignment " SIZE_FORMAT " must be within maximum heap alignment " SIZE_FORMAT,
864 alignment, Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment());
865
866 size_t total_reserved = align_up(heap_size, alignment);
867 assert(!UseCompressedOops || (total_reserved <= (OopEncodingHeapMax - os::vm_page_size())),
868 "heap size is too big for compressed oops");
869
870 bool use_large_pages = UseLargePages && is_aligned(alignment, os::large_page_size());
871 assert(!UseLargePages
872 || UseParallelGC
873 || use_large_pages, "Wrong alignment to use large pages");
874
875 // Now create the space.
876 ReservedHeapSpace total_rs(total_reserved, alignment, use_large_pages);
877
878 if (total_rs.is_reserved()) {
879 assert((total_reserved == total_rs.size()) && ((uintptr_t)total_rs.base() % alignment == 0),
880 "must be exactly of required size and alignment");
881 // We are good.
882
883 if (UseCompressedOops) {
884 // Universe::initialize_heap() will reset this to NULL if unscaled
885 // or zero-based narrow oops are actually used.
886 // Else heap start and base MUST differ, so that NULL can be encoded nonambigous.
887 Universe::set_narrow_oop_base((address)total_rs.compressed_oop_base());
888 }
889
890 return total_rs;
891 }
892
893 vm_exit_during_initialization(
894 err_msg("Could not reserve enough space for " SIZE_FORMAT "KB object heap",
895 total_reserved/K));
896
897 // satisfy compiler
898 ShouldNotReachHere();
899 return ReservedHeapSpace(0, 0, false);
900 }
901
902
903 // It's the caller's responsibility to ensure glitch-freedom
904 // (if required).
905 void Universe::update_heap_info_at_gc() {
906 _heap_capacity_at_last_gc = heap()->capacity();
907 _heap_used_at_last_gc = heap()->used();
908 }
909
910
911 const char* Universe::narrow_oop_mode_to_string(Universe::NARROW_OOP_MODE mode) {
912 switch (mode) {
913 case UnscaledNarrowOop:
914 return "32-bit";
915 case ZeroBasedNarrowOop:
916 return "Zero based";
917 case DisjointBaseNarrowOop:
918 return "Non-zero disjoint base";
919 case HeapBasedNarrowOop:
920 return "Non-zero based";
921 default:
922 ShouldNotReachHere();
923 return "";
924 }
925 }
926
927
928 Universe::NARROW_OOP_MODE Universe::narrow_oop_mode() {
929 if (narrow_oop_base_disjoint()) {
930 return DisjointBaseNarrowOop;
931 }
932
933 if (narrow_oop_base() != 0) {
934 return HeapBasedNarrowOop;
935 }
936
937 if (narrow_oop_shift() != 0) {
938 return ZeroBasedNarrowOop;
939 }
940
941 return UnscaledNarrowOop;
942 }
943
944 void initialize_known_method(LatestMethodCache* method_cache,
945 InstanceKlass* ik,
946 const char* method,
947 Symbol* signature,
948 bool is_static, TRAPS)
949 {
950 TempNewSymbol name = SymbolTable::new_symbol(method, CHECK);
951 Method* m = NULL;
952 // The klass must be linked before looking up the method.
953 if (!ik->link_class_or_fail(THREAD) ||
954 ((m = ik->find_method(name, signature)) == NULL) ||
955 is_static != m->is_static()) {
956 ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
957 // NoSuchMethodException doesn't actually work because it tries to run the
958 // <init> function before java_lang_Class is linked. Print error and exit.
959 vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("Unable to link/verify %s.%s method",
960 ik->name()->as_C_string(), method));
961 }
962 method_cache->init(ik, m);
963 }
964
965 void Universe::initialize_known_methods(TRAPS) {
966 // Set up static method for registering finalizers
967 initialize_known_method(_finalizer_register_cache,
968 SystemDictionary::Finalizer_klass(),
969 "register",
970 vmSymbols::object_void_signature(), true, CHECK);
971
972 initialize_known_method(_throw_illegal_access_error_cache,
973 SystemDictionary::internal_Unsafe_klass(),
974 "throwIllegalAccessError",
975 vmSymbols::void_method_signature(), true, CHECK);
976
977 // Set up method for registering loaded classes in class loader vector
978 initialize_known_method(_loader_addClass_cache,
979 SystemDictionary::ClassLoader_klass(),
980 "addClass",
981 vmSymbols::class_void_signature(), false, CHECK);
982
983 // Set up method for checking protection domain
984 initialize_known_method(_pd_implies_cache,
985 SystemDictionary::ProtectionDomain_klass(),
986 "impliesCreateAccessControlContext",
987 vmSymbols::void_boolean_signature(), false, CHECK);
988
989 // Set up method for stack walking
990 initialize_known_method(_do_stack_walk_cache,
991 SystemDictionary::AbstractStackWalker_klass(),
992 "doStackWalk",
993 vmSymbols::doStackWalk_signature(), false, CHECK);
994 }
995
996 void universe2_init() {
997 EXCEPTION_MARK;
998 Universe::genesis(CATCH);
999 }
1000
1001 // Set after initialization of the module runtime, call_initModuleRuntime
1002 void universe_post_module_init() {
1003 Universe::_module_initialized = true;
1004 }
1005
1006 bool universe_post_init() {
1007 assert(!is_init_completed(), "Error: initialization not yet completed!");
1008 Universe::_fully_initialized = true;
1009 EXCEPTION_MARK;
1010 { ResourceMark rm;
1011 Interpreter::initialize(); // needed for interpreter entry points
1012 if (!UseSharedSpaces) {
1013 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1014 Klass* ok = SystemDictionary::Object_klass();
1015 Universe::reinitialize_vtable_of(ok, CHECK_false);
1016 Universe::reinitialize_itables(CHECK_false);
1017 }
1018 }
1019
1020 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1021 // Setup preallocated empty java.lang.Class array
1022 Universe::_the_empty_class_klass_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Class_klass(), 0, CHECK_false);
1023
1024 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
1025 Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError(), true, CHECK_false);
1026 InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
1027 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1028 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1029 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1030 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_array_size = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1031 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit =
1032 ik->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1033 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1034
1035 // Setup preallocated cause message for delayed StackOverflowError
1036 if (StackReservedPages > 0) {
1037 Universe::_delayed_stack_overflow_error_message =
1038 java_lang_String::create_oop_from_str("Delayed StackOverflowError due to ReservedStackAccess annotated method", CHECK_false);
1039 }
1040
1041 // Setup preallocated NullPointerException
1042 // (this is currently used for a cheap & dirty solution in compiler exception handling)
1043 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), true, CHECK_false);
1044 Universe::_null_ptr_exception_instance = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1045 // Setup preallocated ArithmeticException
1046 // (this is currently used for a cheap & dirty solution in compiler exception handling)
1047 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArithmeticException(), true, CHECK_false);
1048 Universe::_arithmetic_exception_instance = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1049 // Virtual Machine Error for when we get into a situation we can't resolve
1050 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(
1051 vmSymbols::java_lang_VirtualMachineError(), true, CHECK_false);
1052 bool linked = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->link_class_or_fail(CHECK_false);
1053 if (!linked) {
1054 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify VirtualMachineError class");
1055 return false; // initialization failed
1056 }
1057 Universe::_virtual_machine_error_instance =
1058 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1059
1060 Universe::_vm_exception = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1061
1062 if (!DumpSharedSpaces) {
1063 // These are the only Java fields that are currently set during shared space dumping.
1064 // We prefer to not handle this generally, so we always reinitialize these detail messages.
1065 Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space", CHECK_false);
1066 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap, msg());
1067
1068 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Metaspace", CHECK_false);
1069 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace, msg());
1070 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Compressed class space", CHECK_false);
1071 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace, msg());
1072
1073 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Requested array size exceeds VM limit", CHECK_false);
1074 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_array_size, msg());
1075
1076 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("GC overhead limit exceeded", CHECK_false);
1077 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit, msg());
1078
1079 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space: failed reallocation of scalar replaced objects", CHECK_false);
1080 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects, msg());
1081
1082 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("/ by zero", CHECK_false);
1083 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_arithmetic_exception_instance, msg());
1084
1085 // Setup the array of errors that have preallocated backtrace
1086 k = Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap->klass();
1087 assert(k->name() == vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError(), "should be out of memory error");
1088 ik = InstanceKlass::cast(k);
1089
1090 int len = (StackTraceInThrowable) ? (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount : 0;
1091 Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(ik, len, CHECK_false);
1092 for (int i=0; i<len; i++) {
1093 oop err = ik->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1094 Handle err_h = Handle(THREAD, err);
1095 java_lang_Throwable::allocate_backtrace(err_h, CHECK_false);
1096 Universe::preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at_put(i, err_h());
1097 }
1098 Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = (jint)len;
1099 }
1100
1101 Universe::initialize_known_methods(CHECK_false);
1102
1103 // This needs to be done before the first scavenge/gc, since
1104 // it's an input to soft ref clearing policy.
1105 {
1106 MutexLocker x(Heap_lock);
1107 Universe::update_heap_info_at_gc();
1108 }
1109
1110 // ("weak") refs processing infrastructure initialization
1111 Universe::heap()->post_initialize();
1112
1113 // Initialize performance counters for metaspaces
1114 MetaspaceCounters::initialize_performance_counters();
1115 CompressedClassSpaceCounters::initialize_performance_counters();
1116
1117 MemoryService::add_metaspace_memory_pools();
1118
1119 MemoryService::set_universe_heap(Universe::heap());
1120 #if INCLUDE_CDS
1121 SharedClassUtil::initialize(CHECK_false);
1122 #endif
1123 return true;
1124 }
1125
1126
1127 void Universe::compute_base_vtable_size() {
1128 _base_vtable_size = ClassLoader::compute_Object_vtable();
1129 }
1130
1131 void Universe::print_on(outputStream* st) {
1132 GCMutexLocker hl(Heap_lock); // Heap_lock might be locked by caller thread.
1133 st->print_cr("Heap");
1134 heap()->print_on(st);
1135 }
1136
1137 void Universe::print_heap_at_SIGBREAK() {
1138 if (PrintHeapAtSIGBREAK) {
1139 print_on(tty);
1140 tty->cr();
1141 tty->flush();
1142 }
1143 }
1144
1145 void Universe::print_heap_before_gc() {
1146 LogTarget(Debug, gc, heap) lt;
1147 if (lt.is_enabled()) {
1148 LogStream ls(lt);
1149 ls.print("Heap before GC invocations=%u (full %u):", heap()->total_collections(), heap()->total_full_collections());
1150 ResourceMark rm;
1151 heap()->print_on(&ls);
1152 }
1153 }
1154
1155 void Universe::print_heap_after_gc() {
1156 LogTarget(Debug, gc, heap) lt;
1157 if (lt.is_enabled()) {
1158 LogStream ls(lt);
1159 ls.print("Heap after GC invocations=%u (full %u):", heap()->total_collections(), heap()->total_full_collections());
1160 ResourceMark rm;
1161 heap()->print_on(&ls);
1162 }
1163 }
1164
1165 void Universe::initialize_verify_flags() {
1166 verify_flags = 0;
1167 const char delimiter[] = " ,";
1168
1169 size_t length = strlen(VerifySubSet);
1170 char* subset_list = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length + 1, mtInternal);
1171 strncpy(subset_list, VerifySubSet, length + 1);
1172
1173 char* token = strtok(subset_list, delimiter);
1174 while (token != NULL) {
1175 if (strcmp(token, "threads") == 0) {
1176 verify_flags |= Verify_Threads;
1177 } else if (strcmp(token, "heap") == 0) {
1178 verify_flags |= Verify_Heap;
1179 } else if (strcmp(token, "symbol_table") == 0) {
1180 verify_flags |= Verify_SymbolTable;
1181 } else if (strcmp(token, "string_table") == 0) {
1182 verify_flags |= Verify_StringTable;
1183 } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache") == 0) {
1184 verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCache;
1185 } else if (strcmp(token, "dictionary") == 0) {
1186 verify_flags |= Verify_SystemDictionary;
1187 } else if (strcmp(token, "classloader_data_graph") == 0) {
1188 verify_flags |= Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph;
1189 } else if (strcmp(token, "metaspace") == 0) {
1190 verify_flags |= Verify_MetaspaceAux;
1191 } else if (strcmp(token, "jni_handles") == 0) {
1192 verify_flags |= Verify_JNIHandles;
1193 } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache_oops") == 0) {
1194 verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCacheOops;
1195 } else {
1196 vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("VerifySubSet: \'%s\' memory sub-system is unknown, please correct it", token));
1197 }
1198 token = strtok(NULL, delimiter);
1199 }
1200 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, subset_list);
1201 }
1202
1203 bool Universe::should_verify_subset(uint subset) {
1204 if (verify_flags & subset) {
1205 return true;
1206 }
1207 return false;
1208 }
1209
1210 void Universe::verify(VerifyOption option, const char* prefix) {
1211 // The use of _verify_in_progress is a temporary work around for
1212 // 6320749. Don't bother with a creating a class to set and clear
1213 // it since it is only used in this method and the control flow is
1214 // straight forward.
1215 _verify_in_progress = true;
1216
1217 COMPILER2_PRESENT(
1218 assert(!DerivedPointerTable::is_active(),
1219 "DPT should not be active during verification "
1220 "(of thread stacks below)");
1221 )
1222
1223 ResourceMark rm;
1224 HandleMark hm; // Handles created during verification can be zapped
1225 _verify_count++;
1226
1227 FormatBuffer<> title("Verifying %s", prefix);
1228 GCTraceTime(Info, gc, verify) tm(title.buffer());
1229 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Threads)) {
1230 log_debug(gc, verify)("Threads");
1231 Threads::verify();
1232 }
1233 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Heap)) {
1234 log_debug(gc, verify)("Heap");
1235 heap()->verify(option);
1236 }
1237 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SymbolTable)) {
1238 log_debug(gc, verify)("SymbolTable");
1239 SymbolTable::verify();
1240 }
1241 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_StringTable)) {
1242 log_debug(gc, verify)("StringTable");
1243 StringTable::verify();
1244 }
1245 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCache)) {
1246 {
1247 MutexLockerEx mu(CodeCache_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1248 log_debug(gc, verify)("CodeCache");
1249 CodeCache::verify();
1250 }
1251 }
1252 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SystemDictionary)) {
1253 log_debug(gc, verify)("SystemDictionary");
1254 SystemDictionary::verify();
1255 }
1256 #ifndef PRODUCT
1257 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph)) {
1258 log_debug(gc, verify)("ClassLoaderDataGraph");
1259 ClassLoaderDataGraph::verify();
1260 }
1261 #endif
1262 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_MetaspaceAux)) {
1263 log_debug(gc, verify)("MetaspaceAux");
1264 MetaspaceAux::verify_free_chunks();
1265 }
1266 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_JNIHandles)) {
1267 log_debug(gc, verify)("JNIHandles");
1268 JNIHandles::verify();
1269 }
1270 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCacheOops)) {
1271 log_debug(gc, verify)("CodeCache Oops");
1272 CodeCache::verify_oops();
1273 }
1274
1275 _verify_in_progress = false;
1276 }
1277
1278
1279 #ifndef PRODUCT
1280 void Universe::calculate_verify_data(HeapWord* low_boundary, HeapWord* high_boundary) {
1281 assert(low_boundary < high_boundary, "bad interval");
1282
1283 // decide which low-order bits we require to be clear:
1284 size_t alignSize = MinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1285 size_t min_object_size = CollectedHeap::min_fill_size();
1286
1287 // make an inclusive limit:
1288 uintptr_t max = (uintptr_t)high_boundary - min_object_size*wordSize;
1289 uintptr_t min = (uintptr_t)low_boundary;
1290 assert(min < max, "bad interval");
1291 uintptr_t diff = max ^ min;
1292
1293 // throw away enough low-order bits to make the diff vanish
1294 uintptr_t mask = (uintptr_t)(-1);
1295 while ((mask & diff) != 0)
1296 mask <<= 1;
1297 uintptr_t bits = (min & mask);
1298 assert(bits == (max & mask), "correct mask");
1299 // check an intermediate value between min and max, just to make sure:
1300 assert(bits == ((min + (max-min)/2) & mask), "correct mask");
1301
1302 // require address alignment, too:
1303 mask |= (alignSize - 1);
1304
1305 if (!(_verify_oop_mask == 0 && _verify_oop_bits == (uintptr_t)-1)) {
1306 assert(_verify_oop_mask == mask && _verify_oop_bits == bits, "mask stability");
1307 }
1308 _verify_oop_mask = mask;
1309 _verify_oop_bits = bits;
1310 }
1311
1312 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
1313
1314 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_mask() {
1315 MemRegion m = heap()->reserved_region();
1316 calculate_verify_data(m.start(), m.end());
1317 return _verify_oop_mask;
1318 }
1319
1320 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_bits() {
1321 MemRegion m = heap()->reserved_region();
1322 calculate_verify_data(m.start(), m.end());
1323 return _verify_oop_bits;
1324 }
1325
1326 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_mask() {
1327 return markOopDesc::lock_mask_in_place;
1328 }
1329
1330 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_bits() {
1331 intptr_t mask = verify_mark_mask();
1332 intptr_t bits = (intptr_t)markOopDesc::prototype();
1333 assert((bits & ~mask) == 0, "no stray header bits");
1334 return bits;
1335 }
1336 #endif // PRODUCT
1337
1338
1339 void Universe::compute_verify_oop_data() {
1340 verify_oop_mask();
1341 verify_oop_bits();
1342 verify_mark_mask();
1343 verify_mark_bits();
1344 }
1345
1346
1347 void LatestMethodCache::init(Klass* k, Method* m) {
1348 if (!UseSharedSpaces) {
1349 _klass = k;
1350 }
1351 #ifndef PRODUCT
1352 else {
1353 // sharing initilization should have already set up _klass
1354 assert(_klass != NULL, "just checking");
1355 }
1356 #endif
1357
1358 _method_idnum = m->method_idnum();
1359 assert(_method_idnum >= 0, "sanity check");
1360 }
1361
1362
1363 Method* LatestMethodCache::get_method() {
1364 if (klass() == NULL) return NULL;
1365 InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(klass());
1366 Method* m = ik->method_with_idnum(method_idnum());
1367 assert(m != NULL, "sanity check");
1368 return m;
1369 }
1370
1371
1372 #ifdef ASSERT
1373 // Release dummy object(s) at bottom of heap
1374 bool Universe::release_fullgc_alot_dummy() {
1375 MutexLocker ml(FullGCALot_lock);
1376 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_array != NULL) {
1377 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_next >= _fullgc_alot_dummy_array->length()) {
1378 // No more dummies to release, release entire array instead
1379 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = NULL;
1380 return false;
1381 }
1382 if (!UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
1383 // Release dummy at bottom of old generation
1384 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array->obj_at_put(_fullgc_alot_dummy_next++, NULL);
1385 }
1386 // Release dummy at bottom of permanent generation
1387 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array->obj_at_put(_fullgc_alot_dummy_next++, NULL);
1388 }
1389 return true;
1390 }
1391
1392 #endif // ASSERT