1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "jvm.h"
  27 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/metadataOnStackMark.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  33 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
  34 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  35 #include "memory/heapInspection.hpp"
  36 #include "memory/heapShared.hpp"
  37 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
  38 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
  39 #include "memory/metaspaceShared.hpp"
  40 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  41 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  42 #include "oops/array.inline.hpp"
  43 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
  44 #include "oops/cpCache.inline.hpp"
  45 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  46 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
  47 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  48 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  49 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/fieldType.hpp"
  51 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
  53 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  54 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
  55 #include "runtime/vframe.inline.hpp"
  56 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
  57 
  58 constantTag ConstantPool::tag_at(int which) const { return (constantTag)tags()->at_acquire(which); }
  59 
  60 void ConstantPool::release_tag_at_put(int which, jbyte t) { tags()->release_at_put(which, t); }
  61 
  62 ConstantPool* ConstantPool::allocate(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int length, TRAPS) {
  63   Array<u1>* tags = MetadataFactory::new_array<u1>(loader_data, length, 0, CHECK_NULL);
  64   int size = ConstantPool::size(length);
  65   return new (loader_data, size, MetaspaceObj::ConstantPoolType, THREAD) ConstantPool(tags);
  66 }
  67 
  68 #ifdef ASSERT
  69 
  70 // MetaspaceObj allocation invariant is calloc equivalent memory
  71 // simple verification of this here (JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid == 0 )
  72 static bool tag_array_is_zero_initialized(Array<u1>* tags) {
  73   assert(tags != NULL, "invariant");
  74   const int length = tags->length();
  75   for (int index = 0; index < length; ++index) {
  76     if (JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid != tags->at(index)) {
  77       return false;
  78     }
  79   }
  80   return true;
  81 }
  82 
  83 #endif
  84 
  85 ConstantPool::ConstantPool(Array<u1>* tags) :
  86   _tags(tags),
  87   _length(tags->length()) {
  88 
  89     assert(_tags != NULL, "invariant");
  90     assert(tags->length() == _length, "invariant");
  91     assert(tag_array_is_zero_initialized(tags), "invariant");
  92     assert(0 == flags(), "invariant");
  93     assert(0 == version(), "invariant");
  94     assert(NULL == _pool_holder, "invariant");
  95 }
  96 
  97 void ConstantPool::deallocate_contents(ClassLoaderData* loader_data) {
  98   if (cache() != NULL) {
  99     MetadataFactory::free_metadata(loader_data, cache());
 100     set_cache(NULL);
 101   }
 102 
 103   MetadataFactory::free_array<Klass*>(loader_data, resolved_klasses());
 104   set_resolved_klasses(NULL);
 105 
 106   MetadataFactory::free_array<jushort>(loader_data, operands());
 107   set_operands(NULL);
 108 
 109   release_C_heap_structures();
 110 
 111   // free tag array
 112   MetadataFactory::free_array<u1>(loader_data, tags());
 113   set_tags(NULL);
 114 }
 115 
 116 void ConstantPool::release_C_heap_structures() {
 117   // walk constant pool and decrement symbol reference counts
 118   unreference_symbols();
 119 }
 120 
 121 void ConstantPool::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
 122   log_trace(cds)("Iter(ConstantPool): %p", this);
 123 
 124   it->push(&_tags, MetaspaceClosure::_writable);
 125   it->push(&_cache);
 126   it->push(&_pool_holder);
 127   it->push(&_operands);
 128   it->push(&_resolved_klasses, MetaspaceClosure::_writable);
 129 
 130   for (int i = 0; i < length(); i++) {
 131     // The only MSO's embedded in the CP entries are Symbols:
 132     //   JVM_CONSTANT_String (normal and pseudo)
 133     //   JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8
 134     constantTag ctag = tag_at(i);
 135     if (ctag.is_string() || ctag.is_utf8()) {
 136       it->push(symbol_at_addr(i));
 137     }
 138   }
 139 }
 140 
 141 objArrayOop ConstantPool::resolved_references() const {
 142   return (objArrayOop)_cache->resolved_references();
 143 }
 144 
 145 // Called from outside constant pool resolution where a resolved_reference array
 146 // may not be present.
 147 objArrayOop ConstantPool::resolved_references_or_null() const {
 148   if (_cache == NULL) {
 149     return NULL;
 150   } else {
 151     return (objArrayOop)_cache->resolved_references();
 152   }
 153 }
 154 
 155 // Create resolved_references array and mapping array for original cp indexes
 156 // The ldc bytecode was rewritten to have the resolved reference array index so need a way
 157 // to map it back for resolving and some unlikely miscellaneous uses.
 158 // The objects created by invokedynamic are appended to this list.
 159 void ConstantPool::initialize_resolved_references(ClassLoaderData* loader_data,
 160                                                   const intStack& reference_map,
 161                                                   int constant_pool_map_length,
 162                                                   TRAPS) {
 163   // Initialized the resolved object cache.
 164   int map_length = reference_map.length();
 165   if (map_length > 0) {
 166     // Only need mapping back to constant pool entries.  The map isn't used for
 167     // invokedynamic resolved_reference entries.  For invokedynamic entries,
 168     // the constant pool cache index has the mapping back to both the constant
 169     // pool and to the resolved reference index.
 170     if (constant_pool_map_length > 0) {
 171       Array<u2>* om = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, constant_pool_map_length, CHECK);
 172 
 173       for (int i = 0; i < constant_pool_map_length; i++) {
 174         int x = reference_map.at(i);
 175         assert(x == (int)(jushort) x, "klass index is too big");
 176         om->at_put(i, (jushort)x);
 177       }
 178       set_reference_map(om);
 179     }
 180 
 181     // Create Java array for holding resolved strings, methodHandles,
 182     // methodTypes, invokedynamic and invokehandle appendix objects, etc.
 183     objArrayOop stom = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), map_length, CHECK);
 184     Handle refs_handle (THREAD, (oop)stom);  // must handleize.
 185     set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 186   }
 187 }
 188 
 189 void ConstantPool::allocate_resolved_klasses(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int num_klasses, TRAPS) {
 190   // A ConstantPool can't possibly have 0xffff valid class entries,
 191   // because entry #0 must be CONSTANT_Invalid, and each class entry must refer to a UTF8
 192   // entry for the class's name. So at most we will have 0xfffe class entries.
 193   // This allows us to use 0xffff (ConstantPool::_temp_resolved_klass_index) to indicate
 194   // UnresolvedKlass entries that are temporarily created during class redefinition.
 195   assert(num_klasses < CPKlassSlot::_temp_resolved_klass_index, "sanity");
 196   assert(resolved_klasses() == NULL, "sanity");
 197   Array<Klass*>* rk = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(loader_data, num_klasses, CHECK);
 198   set_resolved_klasses(rk);
 199 }
 200 
 201 void ConstantPool::initialize_unresolved_klasses(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, TRAPS) {
 202   int len = length();
 203   int num_klasses = 0;
 204   for (int i = 1; i <len; i++) {
 205     switch (tag_at(i).value()) {
 206     case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
 207       {
 208         const int class_index = klass_index_at(i);
 209         unresolved_klass_at_put(i, class_index, num_klasses++);
 210       }
 211       break;
 212 #ifndef PRODUCT
 213     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 214     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 215     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
 216       // All of these should have been reverted back to ClassIndex before calling
 217       // this function.
 218       ShouldNotReachHere();
 219 #endif
 220     }
 221   }
 222   allocate_resolved_klasses(loader_data, num_klasses, THREAD);
 223 }
 224 
 225 // Unsafe anonymous class support:
 226 void ConstantPool::klass_at_put(int class_index, int name_index, int resolved_klass_index, Klass* k, Symbol* name) {
 227   assert(is_within_bounds(class_index), "index out of bounds");
 228   assert(is_within_bounds(name_index), "index out of bounds");
 229   assert((resolved_klass_index & 0xffff0000) == 0, "must be");
 230   *int_at_addr(class_index) =
 231     build_int_from_shorts((jushort)resolved_klass_index, (jushort)name_index);
 232 
 233   symbol_at_put(name_index, name);
 234   name->increment_refcount();
 235   Klass** adr = resolved_klasses()->adr_at(resolved_klass_index);
 236   OrderAccess::release_store(adr, k);
 237 
 238   // The interpreter assumes when the tag is stored, the klass is resolved
 239   // and the Klass* non-NULL, so we need hardware store ordering here.
 240   if (k != NULL) {
 241     release_tag_at_put(class_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
 242   } else {
 243     release_tag_at_put(class_index, JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass);
 244   }
 245 }
 246 
 247 // Unsafe anonymous class support:
 248 void ConstantPool::klass_at_put(int class_index, Klass* k) {
 249   assert(k != NULL, "must be valid klass");
 250   CPKlassSlot kslot = klass_slot_at(class_index);
 251   int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 252   Klass** adr = resolved_klasses()->adr_at(resolved_klass_index);
 253   OrderAccess::release_store(adr, k);
 254 
 255   // The interpreter assumes when the tag is stored, the klass is resolved
 256   // and the Klass* non-NULL, so we need hardware store ordering here.
 257   release_tag_at_put(class_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
 258 }
 259 
 260 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 261 // Archive the resolved references
 262 void ConstantPool::archive_resolved_references(Thread* THREAD) {
 263   if (_cache == NULL) {
 264     return; // nothing to do
 265   }
 266 
 267   InstanceKlass *ik = pool_holder();
 268   if (!(ik->is_shared_boot_class() || ik->is_shared_platform_class() ||
 269         ik->is_shared_app_class())) {
 270     // Archiving resolved references for classes from non-builtin loaders
 271     // is not yet supported.
 272     set_resolved_references(NULL);
 273     return;
 274   }
 275 
 276   objArrayOop rr = resolved_references();
 277   Array<u2>* ref_map = reference_map();
 278   if (rr != NULL) {
 279     int ref_map_len = ref_map == NULL ? 0 : ref_map->length();
 280     int rr_len = rr->length();
 281     for (int i = 0; i < rr_len; i++) {
 282       oop p = rr->obj_at(i);
 283       rr->obj_at_put(i, NULL);
 284       if (p != NULL && i < ref_map_len) {
 285         int index = object_to_cp_index(i);
 286         // Skip the entry if the string hash code is 0 since the string
 287         // is not included in the shared string_table, see StringTable::copy_shared_string.
 288         if (tag_at(index).is_string() && java_lang_String::hash_code(p) != 0) {
 289           oop op = StringTable::create_archived_string(p, THREAD);
 290           // If the String object is not archived (possibly too large),
 291           // NULL is returned. Also set it in the array, so we won't
 292           // have a 'bad' reference in the archived resolved_reference
 293           // array.
 294           rr->obj_at_put(i, op);
 295         }
 296       }
 297     }
 298 
 299     oop archived = HeapShared::archive_heap_object(rr, THREAD);
 300     // If the resolved references array is not archived (too large),
 301     // the 'archived' object is NULL. No need to explicitly check
 302     // the return value of archive_heap_object here. At runtime, the
 303     // resolved references will be created using the normal process
 304     // when there is no archived value.
 305     _cache->set_archived_references(archived);
 306     set_resolved_references(NULL);
 307   }
 308 }
 309 
 310 void ConstantPool::resolve_class_constants(TRAPS) {
 311   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "used during dump time only");
 312   // The _cache may be NULL if the _pool_holder klass fails verification
 313   // at dump time due to missing dependencies.
 314   if (cache() == NULL || reference_map() == NULL) {
 315     return; // nothing to do
 316   }
 317 
 318   constantPoolHandle cp(THREAD, this);
 319   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 320     if (tag_at(index).is_string() && !cp->is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
 321       int cache_index = cp->cp_to_object_index(index);
 322       string_at_impl(cp, index, cache_index, CHECK);
 323     }
 324   }
 325 }
 326 #endif
 327 
 328 // CDS support. Create a new resolved_references array.
 329 void ConstantPool::restore_unshareable_info(TRAPS) {
 330   assert(is_constantPool(), "ensure C++ vtable is restored");
 331   assert(on_stack(), "should always be set for shared constant pools");
 332   assert(is_shared(), "should always be set for shared constant pools");
 333   assert(_cache != NULL, "constant pool _cache should not be NULL");
 334 
 335   // Only create the new resolved references array if it hasn't been attempted before
 336   if (resolved_references() != NULL) return;
 337 
 338   // restore the C++ vtable from the shared archive
 339   restore_vtable();
 340 
 341   if (SystemDictionary::Object_klass_loaded()) {
 342     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
 343 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 344     if (HeapShared::open_archive_heap_region_mapped() &&
 345         _cache->archived_references() != NULL) {
 346       oop archived = _cache->archived_references();
 347       // Create handle for the archived resolved reference array object
 348       Handle refs_handle(THREAD, archived);
 349       set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 350     } else
 351 #endif
 352     {
 353       // No mapped archived resolved reference array
 354       // Recreate the object array and add to ClassLoaderData.
 355       int map_length = resolved_reference_length();
 356       if (map_length > 0) {
 357         objArrayOop stom = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), map_length, CHECK);
 358         Handle refs_handle(THREAD, (oop)stom);  // must handleize.
 359         set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 360       }
 361     }
 362   }
 363 }
 364 
 365 void ConstantPool::remove_unshareable_info() {
 366   // Resolved references are not in the shared archive.
 367   // Save the length for restoration.  It is not necessarily the same length
 368   // as reference_map.length() if invokedynamic is saved. It is needed when
 369   // re-creating the resolved reference array if archived heap data cannot be map
 370   // at runtime.
 371   set_resolved_reference_length(
 372     resolved_references() != NULL ? resolved_references()->length() : 0);
 373 
 374   // If archiving heap objects is not allowed, clear the resolved references.
 375   // Otherwise, it is cleared after the resolved references array is cached
 376   // (see archive_resolved_references()).
 377   if (!HeapShared::is_heap_object_archiving_allowed()) {
 378     set_resolved_references(NULL);
 379   }
 380 
 381   // Shared ConstantPools are in the RO region, so the _flags cannot be modified.
 382   // The _on_stack flag is used to prevent ConstantPools from deallocation during
 383   // class redefinition. Since shared ConstantPools cannot be deallocated anyway,
 384   // we always set _on_stack to true to avoid having to change _flags during runtime.
 385   _flags |= (_on_stack | _is_shared);
 386   int num_klasses = 0;
 387   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 388     assert(!tag_at(index).is_unresolved_klass_in_error(), "This must not happen during dump time");
 389     if (tag_at(index).is_klass()) {
 390       // This class was resolved as a side effect of executing Java code
 391       // during dump time. We need to restore it back to an UnresolvedClass,
 392       // so that the proper class loading and initialization can happen
 393       // at runtime.
 394       CPKlassSlot kslot = klass_slot_at(index);
 395       int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 396       int name_index = kslot.name_index();
 397       assert(tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
 398       resolved_klasses()->at_put(resolved_klass_index, NULL);
 399       tag_at_put(index, JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass);
 400       assert(klass_name_at(index) == symbol_at(name_index), "sanity");
 401     }
 402   }
 403   if (cache() != NULL) {
 404     cache()->remove_unshareable_info();
 405   }
 406 }
 407 
 408 int ConstantPool::cp_to_object_index(int cp_index) {
 409   // this is harder don't do this so much.
 410   int i = reference_map()->find(cp_index);
 411   // We might not find the index for jsr292 call.
 412   return (i < 0) ? _no_index_sentinel : i;
 413 }
 414 
 415 void ConstantPool::string_at_put(int which, int obj_index, oop str) {
 416   resolved_references()->obj_at_put(obj_index, str);
 417 }
 418 
 419 void ConstantPool::trace_class_resolution(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, Klass* k) {
 420   ResourceMark rm;
 421   int line_number = -1;
 422   const char * source_file = NULL;
 423   if (JavaThread::current()->has_last_Java_frame()) {
 424     // try to identify the method which called this function.
 425     vframeStream vfst(JavaThread::current());
 426     if (!vfst.at_end()) {
 427       line_number = vfst.method()->line_number_from_bci(vfst.bci());
 428       Symbol* s = vfst.method()->method_holder()->source_file_name();
 429       if (s != NULL) {
 430         source_file = s->as_C_string();
 431       }
 432     }
 433   }
 434   if (k != this_cp->pool_holder()) {
 435     // only print something if the classes are different
 436     if (source_file != NULL) {
 437       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s %s:%d",
 438                  this_cp->pool_holder()->external_name(),
 439                  k->external_name(), source_file, line_number);
 440     } else {
 441       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s",
 442                  this_cp->pool_holder()->external_name(),
 443                  k->external_name());
 444     }
 445   }
 446 }
 447 
 448 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which,
 449                                    bool save_resolution_error, TRAPS) {
 450   assert(THREAD->is_Java_thread(), "must be a Java thread");
 451 
 452   // A resolved constantPool entry will contain a Klass*, otherwise a Symbol*.
 453   // It is not safe to rely on the tag bit's here, since we don't have a lock, and
 454   // the entry and tag is not updated atomicly.
 455   CPKlassSlot kslot = this_cp->klass_slot_at(which);
 456   int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 457   int name_index = kslot.name_index();
 458   assert(this_cp->tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
 459 
 460   Klass* klass = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
 461   if (klass != NULL) {
 462     return klass;
 463   }
 464 
 465   // This tag doesn't change back to unresolved class unless at a safepoint.
 466   if (this_cp->tag_at(which).is_unresolved_klass_in_error()) {
 467     // The original attempt to resolve this constant pool entry failed so find the
 468     // class of the original error and throw another error of the same class
 469     // (JVMS 5.4.3).
 470     // If there is a detail message, pass that detail message to the error.
 471     // The JVMS does not strictly require us to duplicate the same detail message,
 472     // or any internal exception fields such as cause or stacktrace.  But since the
 473     // detail message is often a class name or other literal string, we will repeat it
 474     // if we can find it in the symbol table.
 475     throw_resolution_error(this_cp, which, CHECK_0);
 476     ShouldNotReachHere();
 477   }
 478 
 479   Handle mirror_handle;
 480   Symbol* name = this_cp->symbol_at(name_index);
 481   Handle loader (THREAD, this_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader());
 482   Handle protection_domain (THREAD, this_cp->pool_holder()->protection_domain());
 483   Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(name, loader, protection_domain, true, THREAD);
 484   if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 485     // preserve the resolved klass from unloading
 486     mirror_handle = Handle(THREAD, k->java_mirror());
 487     // Do access check for klasses
 488     verify_constant_pool_resolve(this_cp, k, THREAD);
 489   }
 490 
 491   // Failed to resolve class. We must record the errors so that subsequent attempts
 492   // to resolve this constant pool entry fail with the same error (JVMS 5.4.3).
 493   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 494     if (save_resolution_error) {
 495       save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, which, constantTag(JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass), CHECK_NULL);
 496       // If CHECK_NULL above doesn't return the exception, that means that
 497       // some other thread has beaten us and has resolved the class.
 498       // To preserve old behavior, we return the resolved class.
 499       klass = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
 500       assert(klass != NULL, "must be resolved if exception was cleared");
 501       return klass;
 502     } else {
 503       return NULL;  // return the pending exception
 504     }
 505   }
 506 
 507   // Make this class loader depend upon the class loader owning the class reference
 508   ClassLoaderData* this_key = this_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
 509   this_key->record_dependency(k);
 510 
 511   // logging for class+resolve.
 512   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve)){
 513     trace_class_resolution(this_cp, k);
 514   }
 515   Klass** adr = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->adr_at(resolved_klass_index);
 516   OrderAccess::release_store(adr, k);
 517   // The interpreter assumes when the tag is stored, the klass is resolved
 518   // and the Klass* stored in _resolved_klasses is non-NULL, so we need
 519   // hardware store ordering here.
 520   this_cp->release_tag_at_put(which, JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
 521   return k;
 522 }
 523 
 524 
 525 // Does not update ConstantPool* - to avoid any exception throwing. Used
 526 // by compiler and exception handling.  Also used to avoid classloads for
 527 // instanceof operations. Returns NULL if the class has not been loaded or
 528 // if the verification of constant pool failed
 529 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which) {
 530   CPKlassSlot kslot = this_cp->klass_slot_at(which);
 531   int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 532   int name_index = kslot.name_index();
 533   assert(this_cp->tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
 534 
 535   Klass* k = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
 536   if (k != NULL) {
 537     return k;
 538   } else {
 539     Thread *thread = Thread::current();
 540     Symbol* name = this_cp->symbol_at(name_index);
 541     oop loader = this_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader();
 542     oop protection_domain = this_cp->pool_holder()->protection_domain();
 543     Handle h_prot (thread, protection_domain);
 544     Handle h_loader (thread, loader);
 545     Klass* k = SystemDictionary::find(name, h_loader, h_prot, thread);
 546 
 547     if (k != NULL) {
 548       // Make sure that resolving is legal
 549       EXCEPTION_MARK;
 550       // return NULL if verification fails
 551       verify_constant_pool_resolve(this_cp, k, THREAD);
 552       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 553         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 554         return NULL;
 555       }
 556       return k;
 557     } else {
 558       return k;
 559     }
 560   }
 561 }
 562 
 563 Method* ConstantPool::method_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool,
 564                                                    int which) {
 565   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 566   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 567   if (!(cache_index >= 0 && cache_index < cpool->cache()->length())) {
 568     // FIXME: should be an assert
 569     log_debug(class, resolve)("bad operand %d in:", which); cpool->print();
 570     return NULL;
 571   }
 572   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 573   return e->method_if_resolved(cpool);
 574 }
 575 
 576 
 577 bool ConstantPool::has_appendix_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 578   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return false;  // nothing to load yet
 579   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 580   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 581   return e->has_appendix();
 582 }
 583 
 584 oop ConstantPool::appendix_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 585   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 586   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 587   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 588   return e->appendix_if_resolved(cpool);
 589 }
 590 
 591 
 592 bool ConstantPool::has_method_type_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 593   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return false;  // nothing to load yet
 594   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 595   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 596   return e->has_method_type();
 597 }
 598 
 599 oop ConstantPool::method_type_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 600   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 601   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 602   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 603   return e->method_type_if_resolved(cpool);
 604 }
 605 
 606 
 607 Symbol* ConstantPool::impl_name_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 608   int name_index = name_ref_index_at(impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which, uncached));
 609   return symbol_at(name_index);
 610 }
 611 
 612 
 613 Symbol* ConstantPool::impl_signature_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 614   int signature_index = signature_ref_index_at(impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which, uncached));
 615   return symbol_at(signature_index);
 616 }
 617 
 618 int ConstantPool::impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 619   int i = which;
 620   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 621     if (ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which)) {
 622       // Invokedynamic index is index into the constant pool cache
 623       int pool_index = invokedynamic_cp_cache_entry_at(which)->constant_pool_index();
 624       pool_index = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(pool_index);
 625       assert(tag_at(pool_index).is_name_and_type(), "");
 626       return pool_index;
 627     }
 628     // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 629     i = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 630   } else {
 631     if (tag_at(which).is_invoke_dynamic() ||
 632         tag_at(which).is_dynamic_constant() ||
 633         tag_at(which).is_dynamic_constant_in_error()) {
 634       int pool_index = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which);
 635       assert(tag_at(pool_index).is_name_and_type(), "");
 636       return pool_index;
 637     }
 638   }
 639   assert(tag_at(i).is_field_or_method(), "Corrupted constant pool");
 640   assert(!tag_at(i).is_invoke_dynamic() &&
 641          !tag_at(i).is_dynamic_constant() &&
 642          !tag_at(i).is_dynamic_constant_in_error(), "Must be handled above");
 643   jint ref_index = *int_at_addr(i);
 644   return extract_high_short_from_int(ref_index);
 645 }
 646 
 647 constantTag ConstantPool::impl_tag_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 648   int pool_index = which;
 649   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 650     if (ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which)) {
 651       // Invokedynamic index is index into resolved_references
 652       pool_index = invokedynamic_cp_cache_entry_at(which)->constant_pool_index();
 653     } else {
 654       // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 655       pool_index = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 656     }
 657   }
 658   return tag_at(pool_index);
 659 }
 660 
 661 int ConstantPool::impl_klass_ref_index_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 662   guarantee(!ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which),
 663             "an invokedynamic instruction does not have a klass");
 664   int i = which;
 665   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 666     // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 667     i = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 668   }
 669   assert(tag_at(i).is_field_or_method(), "Corrupted constant pool");
 670   jint ref_index = *int_at_addr(i);
 671   return extract_low_short_from_int(ref_index);
 672 }
 673 
 674 
 675 
 676 int ConstantPool::remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(int operand) {
 677   int cpc_index = operand;
 678   DEBUG_ONLY(cpc_index -= CPCACHE_INDEX_TAG);
 679   assert((int)(u2)cpc_index == cpc_index, "clean u2");
 680   int member_index = cache()->entry_at(cpc_index)->constant_pool_index();
 681   return member_index;
 682 }
 683 
 684 
 685 void ConstantPool::verify_constant_pool_resolve(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, Klass* k, TRAPS) {
 686   if (!(k->is_instance_klass() || k->is_objArray_klass())) {
 687     return;  // short cut, typeArray klass is always accessible
 688   }
 689   Klass* holder = this_cp->pool_holder();
 690   bool fold_type_to_class = true;
 691   LinkResolver::check_klass_accessability(holder, k, fold_type_to_class, CHECK);
 692 }
 693 
 694 
 695 int ConstantPool::name_ref_index_at(int which_nt) {
 696   jint ref_index = name_and_type_at(which_nt);
 697   return extract_low_short_from_int(ref_index);
 698 }
 699 
 700 
 701 int ConstantPool::signature_ref_index_at(int which_nt) {
 702   jint ref_index = name_and_type_at(which_nt);
 703   return extract_high_short_from_int(ref_index);
 704 }
 705 
 706 
 707 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_ref_at(int which, TRAPS) {
 708   return klass_at(klass_ref_index_at(which), THREAD);
 709 }
 710 
 711 Symbol* ConstantPool::klass_name_at(int which) const {
 712   return symbol_at(klass_slot_at(which).name_index());
 713 }
 714 
 715 Symbol* ConstantPool::klass_ref_at_noresolve(int which) {
 716   jint ref_index = klass_ref_index_at(which);
 717   return klass_at_noresolve(ref_index);
 718 }
 719 
 720 Symbol* ConstantPool::uncached_klass_ref_at_noresolve(int which) {
 721   jint ref_index = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(which);
 722   return klass_at_noresolve(ref_index);
 723 }
 724 
 725 char* ConstantPool::string_at_noresolve(int which) {
 726   return unresolved_string_at(which)->as_C_string();
 727 }
 728 
 729 BasicType ConstantPool::basic_type_for_signature_at(int which) const {
 730   return FieldType::basic_type(symbol_at(which));
 731 }
 732 
 733 
 734 void ConstantPool::resolve_string_constants_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, TRAPS) {
 735   for (int index = 1; index < this_cp->length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 736     if (this_cp->tag_at(index).is_string()) {
 737       this_cp->string_at(index, CHECK);
 738     }
 739   }
 740 }
 741 
 742 Symbol* ConstantPool::exception_message(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, constantTag tag, oop pending_exception) {
 743   // Dig out the detailed message to reuse if possible
 744   Symbol* message = java_lang_Throwable::detail_message(pending_exception);
 745   if (message != NULL) {
 746     return message;
 747   }
 748 
 749   // Return specific message for the tag
 750   switch (tag.value()) {
 751   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 752     // return the class name in the error message
 753     message = this_cp->klass_name_at(which);
 754     break;
 755   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
 756     // return the method handle name in the error message
 757     message = this_cp->method_handle_name_ref_at(which);
 758     break;
 759   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
 760     // return the method type signature in the error message
 761     message = this_cp->method_type_signature_at(which);
 762     break;
 763   default:
 764     ShouldNotReachHere();
 765   }
 766 
 767   return message;
 768 }
 769 
 770 void ConstantPool::throw_resolution_error(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, TRAPS) {
 771   Symbol* message = NULL;
 772   Symbol* error = SystemDictionary::find_resolution_error(this_cp, which, &message);
 773   assert(error != NULL, "checking");
 774   CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 775   if (message != NULL) {
 776     ResourceMark rm;
 777     THROW_MSG(error, message->as_C_string());
 778   } else {
 779     THROW(error);
 780   }
 781 }
 782 
 783 // If resolution for Class, Dynamic constant, MethodHandle or MethodType fails, save the
 784 // exception in the resolution error table, so that the same exception is thrown again.
 785 void ConstantPool::save_and_throw_exception(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which,
 786                                             constantTag tag, TRAPS) {
 787   Symbol* error = PENDING_EXCEPTION->klass()->name();
 788 
 789   int error_tag = tag.error_value();
 790 
 791   if (!PENDING_EXCEPTION->
 792     is_a(SystemDictionary::LinkageError_klass())) {
 793     // Just throw the exception and don't prevent these classes from
 794     // being loaded due to virtual machine errors like StackOverflow
 795     // and OutOfMemoryError, etc, or if the thread was hit by stop()
 796     // Needs clarification to section 5.4.3 of the VM spec (see 6308271)
 797   } else if (this_cp->tag_at(which).value() != error_tag) {
 798     Symbol* message = exception_message(this_cp, which, tag, PENDING_EXCEPTION);
 799     SystemDictionary::add_resolution_error(this_cp, which, error, message);
 800     // CAS in the tag.  If a thread beat us to registering this error that's fine.
 801     // If another thread resolved the reference, this is a race condition. This
 802     // thread may have had a security manager or something temporary.
 803     // This doesn't deterministically get an error.   So why do we save this?
 804     // We save this because jvmti can add classes to the bootclass path after
 805     // this error, so it needs to get the same error if the error is first.
 806     jbyte old_tag = Atomic::cmpxchg((jbyte)error_tag,
 807                             (jbyte*)this_cp->tag_addr_at(which), (jbyte)tag.value());
 808     if (old_tag != error_tag && old_tag != tag.value()) {
 809       // MethodHandles and MethodType doesn't change to resolved version.
 810       assert(this_cp->tag_at(which).is_klass(), "Wrong tag value");
 811       // Forget the exception and use the resolved class.
 812       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 813     }
 814   } else {
 815     // some other thread put this in error state
 816     throw_resolution_error(this_cp, which, CHECK);
 817   }
 818 }
 819 
 820 constantTag ConstantPool::constant_tag_at(int which) {
 821   constantTag tag = tag_at(which);
 822   if (tag.is_dynamic_constant() ||
 823       tag.is_dynamic_constant_in_error()) {
 824     // have to look at the signature for this one
 825     Symbol* constant_type = uncached_signature_ref_at(which);
 826     return constantTag::ofBasicType(FieldType::basic_type(constant_type));
 827   }
 828   return tag;
 829 }
 830 
 831 BasicType ConstantPool::basic_type_for_constant_at(int which) {
 832   constantTag tag = tag_at(which);
 833   if (tag.is_dynamic_constant() ||
 834       tag.is_dynamic_constant_in_error()) {
 835     // have to look at the signature for this one
 836     Symbol* constant_type = uncached_signature_ref_at(which);
 837     return FieldType::basic_type(constant_type);
 838   }
 839   return tag.basic_type();
 840 }
 841 
 842 // Called to resolve constants in the constant pool and return an oop.
 843 // Some constant pool entries cache their resolved oop. This is also
 844 // called to create oops from constants to use in arguments for invokedynamic
 845 oop ConstantPool::resolve_constant_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp,
 846                                            int index, int cache_index,
 847                                            bool* status_return, TRAPS) {
 848   oop result_oop = NULL;
 849   Handle throw_exception;
 850 
 851   if (cache_index == _possible_index_sentinel) {
 852     // It is possible that this constant is one which is cached in the objects.
 853     // We'll do a linear search.  This should be OK because this usage is rare.
 854     // FIXME: If bootstrap specifiers stress this code, consider putting in
 855     // a reverse index.  Binary search over a short array should do it.
 856     assert(index > 0, "valid index");
 857     cache_index = this_cp->cp_to_object_index(index);
 858   }
 859   assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel || cache_index >= 0, "");
 860   assert(index == _no_index_sentinel || index >= 0, "");
 861 
 862   if (cache_index >= 0) {
 863     result_oop = this_cp->resolved_references()->obj_at(cache_index);
 864     if (result_oop != NULL) {
 865       if (oopDesc::equals(result_oop, Universe::the_null_sentinel())) {
 866         DEBUG_ONLY(int temp_index = (index >= 0 ? index : this_cp->object_to_cp_index(cache_index)));
 867         assert(this_cp->tag_at(temp_index).is_dynamic_constant(), "only condy uses the null sentinel");
 868         result_oop = NULL;
 869       }
 870       if (status_return != NULL)  (*status_return) = true;
 871       return result_oop;
 872       // That was easy...
 873     }
 874     index = this_cp->object_to_cp_index(cache_index);
 875   }
 876 
 877   jvalue prim_value;  // temp used only in a few cases below
 878 
 879   constantTag tag = this_cp->tag_at(index);
 880 
 881   if (status_return != NULL) {
 882     // don't trigger resolution if the constant might need it
 883     switch (tag.value()) {
 884     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 885     {
 886       CPKlassSlot kslot = this_cp->klass_slot_at(index);
 887       int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 888       if (this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index) == NULL) {
 889         (*status_return) = false;
 890         return NULL;
 891       }
 892       // the klass is waiting in the CP; go get it
 893       break;
 894     }
 895     case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
 896     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
 897     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
 898     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
 899     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
 900       // these guys trigger OOM at worst
 901       break;
 902     default:
 903       (*status_return) = false;
 904       return NULL;
 905     }
 906     // from now on there is either success or an OOME
 907     (*status_return) = true;
 908   }
 909 
 910   switch (tag.value()) {
 911 
 912   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 913   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
 914   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 915     {
 916       assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
 917       Klass* resolved = klass_at_impl(this_cp, index, true, CHECK_NULL);
 918       // ldc wants the java mirror.
 919       result_oop = resolved->java_mirror();
 920       break;
 921     }
 922 
 923   case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
 924     {
 925       Klass* current_klass  = this_cp->pool_holder();
 926       Symbol* constant_name = this_cp->uncached_name_ref_at(index);
 927       Symbol* constant_type = this_cp->uncached_signature_ref_at(index);
 928 
 929       // The initial step in resolving an unresolved symbolic reference to a
 930       // dynamically-computed constant is to resolve the symbolic reference to a
 931       // method handle which will be the bootstrap method for the dynamically-computed
 932       // constant. If resolution of the java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle for the bootstrap
 933       // method fails, then a MethodHandleInError is stored at the corresponding
 934       // bootstrap method's CP index for the CONSTANT_MethodHandle_info. No need to
 935       // set a DynamicConstantInError here since any subsequent use of this
 936       // bootstrap method will encounter the resolution of MethodHandleInError.
 937       oop bsm_info = this_cp->resolve_bootstrap_specifier_at(index, THREAD);
 938       Exceptions::wrap_dynamic_exception(CHECK_NULL);
 939       assert(bsm_info != NULL, "");
 940       // FIXME: Cache this once per BootstrapMethods entry, not once per CONSTANT_Dynamic.
 941       Handle bootstrap_specifier = Handle(THREAD, bsm_info);
 942 
 943       // Resolve the Dynamically-Computed constant to invoke the BSM in order to obtain the resulting oop.
 944       Handle value = SystemDictionary::link_dynamic_constant(current_klass,
 945                                                              index,
 946                                                              bootstrap_specifier,
 947                                                              constant_name,
 948                                                              constant_type,
 949                                                              THREAD);
 950       result_oop = value();
 951       Exceptions::wrap_dynamic_exception(THREAD);
 952       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 953         // Resolution failure of the dynamically-computed constant, save_and_throw_exception
 954         // will check for a LinkageError and store a DynamicConstantInError.
 955         save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, index, tag, CHECK_NULL);
 956       }
 957       BasicType type = FieldType::basic_type(constant_type);
 958       if (!is_reference_type(type)) {
 959         // Make sure the primitive value is properly boxed.
 960         // This is a JDK responsibility.
 961         const char* fail = NULL;
 962         if (result_oop == NULL) {
 963           fail = "null result instead of box";
 964         } else if (!is_java_primitive(type)) {
 965           // FIXME: support value types via unboxing
 966           fail = "can only handle references and primitives";
 967         } else if (!java_lang_boxing_object::is_instance(result_oop, type)) {
 968           fail = "primitive is not properly boxed";
 969         }
 970         if (fail != NULL) {
 971           // Since this exception is not a LinkageError, throw exception
 972           // but do not save a DynamicInError resolution result.
 973           // See section 5.4.3 of the VM spec.
 974           THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), fail);
 975         }
 976       }
 977       break;
 978     }
 979 
 980   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
 981     assert(cache_index != _no_index_sentinel, "should have been set");
 982     if (this_cp->is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
 983       result_oop = this_cp->pseudo_string_at(index, cache_index);
 984       break;
 985     }
 986     result_oop = string_at_impl(this_cp, index, cache_index, CHECK_NULL);
 987     break;
 988 
 989   case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError:
 990   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
 991   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
 992     {
 993       throw_resolution_error(this_cp, index, CHECK_NULL);
 994       break;
 995     }
 996 
 997   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
 998     {
 999       int ref_kind                 = this_cp->method_handle_ref_kind_at(index);
1000       int callee_index             = this_cp->method_handle_klass_index_at(index);
1001       Symbol*  name =      this_cp->method_handle_name_ref_at(index);
1002       Symbol*  signature = this_cp->method_handle_signature_ref_at(index);
1003       constantTag m_tag  = this_cp->tag_at(this_cp->method_handle_index_at(index));
1004       { ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1005         log_debug(class, resolve)("resolve JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:%d [%d/%d/%d] %s.%s",
1006                               ref_kind, index, this_cp->method_handle_index_at(index),
1007                               callee_index, name->as_C_string(), signature->as_C_string());
1008       }
1009 
1010       Klass* callee = klass_at_impl(this_cp, callee_index, true, CHECK_NULL);
1011 
1012       // Check constant pool method consistency
1013       if ((callee->is_interface() && m_tag.is_method()) ||
1014           ((!callee->is_interface() && m_tag.is_interface_method()))) {
1015         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1016         char buf[400];
1017         jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
1018           "Inconsistent constant pool data in classfile for class %s. "
1019           "Method %s%s at index %d is %s and should be %s",
1020           callee->name()->as_C_string(), name->as_C_string(), signature->as_C_string(), index,
1021           callee->is_interface() ? "CONSTANT_MethodRef" : "CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodRef",
1022           callee->is_interface() ? "CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodRef" : "CONSTANT_MethodRef");
1023         THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), buf);
1024       }
1025 
1026       Klass* klass = this_cp->pool_holder();
1027       Handle value = SystemDictionary::link_method_handle_constant(klass, ref_kind,
1028                                                                    callee, name, signature,
1029                                                                    THREAD);
1030       result_oop = value();
1031       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1032         save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, index, tag, CHECK_NULL);
1033       }
1034       break;
1035     }
1036 
1037   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1038     {
1039       Symbol*  signature = this_cp->method_type_signature_at(index);
1040       { ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1041         log_debug(class, resolve)("resolve JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType [%d/%d] %s",
1042                               index, this_cp->method_type_index_at(index),
1043                               signature->as_C_string());
1044       }
1045       Klass* klass = this_cp->pool_holder();
1046       Handle value = SystemDictionary::find_method_handle_type(signature, klass, THREAD);
1047       result_oop = value();
1048       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1049         save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, index, tag, CHECK_NULL);
1050       }
1051       break;
1052     }
1053 
1054   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1055     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1056     prim_value.i = this_cp->int_at(index);
1057     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_INT, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1058     break;
1059 
1060   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1061     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1062     prim_value.f = this_cp->float_at(index);
1063     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_FLOAT, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1064     break;
1065 
1066   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1067     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1068     prim_value.j = this_cp->long_at(index);
1069     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_LONG, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1070     break;
1071 
1072   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1073     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1074     prim_value.d = this_cp->double_at(index);
1075     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_DOUBLE, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1076     break;
1077 
1078   default:
1079     DEBUG_ONLY( tty->print_cr("*** %p: tag at CP[%d/%d] = %d",
1080                               this_cp(), index, cache_index, tag.value()));
1081     assert(false, "unexpected constant tag");
1082     break;
1083   }
1084 
1085   if (cache_index >= 0) {
1086     // Benign race condition:  resolved_references may already be filled in.
1087     // The important thing here is that all threads pick up the same result.
1088     // It doesn't matter which racing thread wins, as long as only one
1089     // result is used by all threads, and all future queries.
1090     oop new_result = (result_oop == NULL ? Universe::the_null_sentinel() : result_oop);
1091     oop old_result = this_cp->resolved_references()
1092       ->atomic_compare_exchange_oop(cache_index, new_result, NULL);
1093     if (old_result == NULL) {
1094       return result_oop;  // was installed
1095     } else {
1096       // Return the winning thread's result.  This can be different than
1097       // the result here for MethodHandles.
1098       if (oopDesc::equals(old_result, Universe::the_null_sentinel()))
1099         old_result = NULL;
1100       return old_result;
1101     }
1102   } else {
1103     assert(!oopDesc::equals(result_oop, Universe::the_null_sentinel()), "");
1104     return result_oop;
1105   }
1106 }
1107 
1108 oop ConstantPool::uncached_string_at(int which, TRAPS) {
1109   Symbol* sym = unresolved_string_at(which);
1110   oop str = StringTable::intern(sym, CHECK_(NULL));
1111   assert(java_lang_String::is_instance(str), "must be string");
1112   return str;
1113 }
1114 
1115 
1116 oop ConstantPool::resolve_bootstrap_specifier_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int index, TRAPS) {
1117   assert((this_cp->tag_at(index).is_invoke_dynamic() ||
1118           this_cp->tag_at(index).is_dynamic_constant()), "Corrupted constant pool");
1119   Handle bsm;
1120   int argc;
1121   {
1122     // JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic is an ordered pair of [bootm, name&mtype], plus optional arguments
1123     // JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic is an ordered pair of [bootm, name&ftype], plus optional arguments
1124     // In both cases, the bootm, being a JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle, has its own cache entry.
1125     // It is accompanied by the optional arguments.
1126     int bsm_index = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(index);
1127     oop bsm_oop = this_cp->resolve_possibly_cached_constant_at(bsm_index, CHECK_NULL);
1128     if (!java_lang_invoke_MethodHandle::is_instance(bsm_oop)) {
1129       THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_LinkageError(), "BSM not an MethodHandle");
1130     }
1131 
1132     // Extract the optional static arguments.
1133     argc = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index);
1134 
1135     // if there are no static arguments, return the bsm by itself:
1136     if (argc == 0 && UseBootstrapCallInfo < 2)  return bsm_oop;
1137 
1138     bsm = Handle(THREAD, bsm_oop);
1139   }
1140 
1141   // We are going to return an ordered pair of {bsm, info}, using a 2-array.
1142   objArrayHandle info;
1143   {
1144     objArrayOop info_oop = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), 2, CHECK_NULL);
1145     info = objArrayHandle(THREAD, info_oop);
1146   }
1147 
1148   info->obj_at_put(0, bsm());
1149 
1150   bool use_BSCI;
1151   switch (UseBootstrapCallInfo) {
1152   default: use_BSCI = true;  break;  // stress mode
1153   case 0:  use_BSCI = false; break;  // stress mode
1154   case 1:                            // normal mode
1155     // If we were to support an alternative mode of BSM invocation,
1156     // we'd convert to pull mode here if the BSM could be a candidate
1157     // for that alternative mode.  We can't easily test for things
1158     // like varargs here, but we can get away with approximate testing,
1159     // since the JDK runtime will make up the difference either way.
1160     // For now, exercise the pull-mode path if the BSM is of arity 2,
1161     // or if there is a potential condy loop (see below).
1162     oop mt_oop = java_lang_invoke_MethodHandle::type(bsm());
1163     use_BSCI = (java_lang_invoke_MethodType::ptype_count(mt_oop) == 2);
1164     break;
1165   }
1166 
1167   // Here's a reason to use BSCI even if it wasn't requested:
1168   // If a condy uses a condy argument, we want to avoid infinite
1169   // recursion (condy loops) in the C code.  It's OK in Java,
1170   // because Java has stack overflow checking, so we punt
1171   // potentially cyclic cases from C to Java.
1172   if (!use_BSCI && this_cp->tag_at(index).is_dynamic_constant()) {
1173     bool found_unresolved_condy = false;
1174     for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1175       int arg_index = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, i);
1176       if (this_cp->tag_at(arg_index).is_dynamic_constant()) {
1177         // potential recursion point condy -> condy
1178         bool found_it = false;
1179         this_cp->find_cached_constant_at(arg_index, found_it, CHECK_NULL);
1180         if (!found_it) { found_unresolved_condy = true; break; }
1181       }
1182     }
1183     if (found_unresolved_condy)
1184       use_BSCI = true;
1185   }
1186 
1187   const int SMALL_ARITY = 5;
1188   if (use_BSCI && argc <= SMALL_ARITY && UseBootstrapCallInfo <= 2) {
1189     // If there are only a few arguments, and none of them need linking,
1190     // push them, instead of asking the JDK runtime to turn around and
1191     // pull them, saving a JVM/JDK transition in some simple cases.
1192     bool all_resolved = true;
1193     for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1194       bool found_it = false;
1195       int arg_index = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, i);
1196       this_cp->find_cached_constant_at(arg_index, found_it, CHECK_NULL);
1197       if (!found_it) { all_resolved = false; break; }
1198     }
1199     if (all_resolved)
1200       use_BSCI = false;
1201   }
1202 
1203   if (!use_BSCI) {
1204     // return {bsm, {arg...}}; resolution of arguments is done immediately, before JDK code is called
1205     objArrayOop args_oop = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), argc, CHECK_NULL);
1206     info->obj_at_put(1, args_oop);   // may overwrite with args[0] below
1207     objArrayHandle args(THREAD, args_oop);
1208     copy_bootstrap_arguments_at_impl(this_cp, index, 0, argc, args, 0, true, Handle(), CHECK_NULL);
1209     if (argc == 1) {
1210       // try to discard the singleton array
1211       oop arg_oop = args->obj_at(0);
1212       if (arg_oop != NULL && !arg_oop->is_array()) {
1213         // JVM treats arrays and nulls specially in this position,
1214         // but other things are just single arguments
1215         info->obj_at_put(1, arg_oop);
1216       }
1217     }
1218   } else {
1219     // return {bsm, {arg_count, pool_index}}; JDK code must pull the arguments as needed
1220     typeArrayOop ints_oop = oopFactory::new_typeArray(T_INT, 2, CHECK_NULL);
1221     ints_oop->int_at_put(0, argc);
1222     ints_oop->int_at_put(1, index);
1223     info->obj_at_put(1, ints_oop);
1224   }
1225   return info();
1226 }
1227 
1228 void ConstantPool::copy_bootstrap_arguments_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int index,
1229                                                     int start_arg, int end_arg,
1230                                                     objArrayHandle info, int pos,
1231                                                     bool must_resolve, Handle if_not_available,
1232                                                     TRAPS) {
1233   int argc;
1234   int limit = pos + end_arg - start_arg;
1235   // checks: index in range [0..this_cp->length),
1236   // tag at index, start..end in range [0..argc],
1237   // info array non-null, pos..limit in [0..info.length]
1238   if ((0 >= index    || index >= this_cp->length())  ||
1239       !(this_cp->tag_at(index).is_invoke_dynamic()    ||
1240         this_cp->tag_at(index).is_dynamic_constant()) ||
1241       (0 > start_arg || start_arg > end_arg) ||
1242       (end_arg > (argc = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index))) ||
1243       (0 > pos       || pos > limit)         ||
1244       (info.is_null() || limit > info->length())) {
1245     // An index or something else went wrong; throw an error.
1246     // Since this is an internal API, we don't expect this,
1247     // so we don't bother to craft a nice message.
1248     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_LinkageError(), "bad BSM argument access");
1249   }
1250   // now we can loop safely
1251   int info_i = pos;
1252   for (int i = start_arg; i < end_arg; i++) {
1253     int arg_index = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, i);
1254     oop arg_oop;
1255     if (must_resolve) {
1256       arg_oop = this_cp->resolve_possibly_cached_constant_at(arg_index, CHECK);
1257     } else {
1258       bool found_it = false;
1259       arg_oop = this_cp->find_cached_constant_at(arg_index, found_it, CHECK);
1260       if (!found_it)  arg_oop = if_not_available();
1261     }
1262     info->obj_at_put(info_i++, arg_oop);
1263   }
1264 }
1265 
1266 oop ConstantPool::string_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, int obj_index, TRAPS) {
1267   // If the string has already been interned, this entry will be non-null
1268   oop str = this_cp->resolved_references()->obj_at(obj_index);
1269   assert(!oopDesc::equals(str, Universe::the_null_sentinel()), "");
1270   if (str != NULL) return str;
1271   Symbol* sym = this_cp->unresolved_string_at(which);
1272   str = StringTable::intern(sym, CHECK_(NULL));
1273   this_cp->string_at_put(which, obj_index, str);
1274   assert(java_lang_String::is_instance(str), "must be string");
1275   return str;
1276 }
1277 
1278 
1279 bool ConstantPool::klass_name_at_matches(const InstanceKlass* k, int which) {
1280   // Names are interned, so we can compare Symbol*s directly
1281   Symbol* cp_name = klass_name_at(which);
1282   return (cp_name == k->name());
1283 }
1284 
1285 
1286 // Iterate over symbols and decrement ones which are Symbol*s
1287 // This is done during GC.
1288 // Only decrement the UTF8 symbols. Strings point to
1289 // these symbols but didn't increment the reference count.
1290 void ConstantPool::unreference_symbols() {
1291   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
1292     constantTag tag = tag_at(index);
1293     if (tag.is_symbol()) {
1294       symbol_at(index)->decrement_refcount();
1295     }
1296   }
1297 }
1298 
1299 
1300 // Compare this constant pool's entry at index1 to the constant pool
1301 // cp2's entry at index2.
1302 bool ConstantPool::compare_entry_to(int index1, const constantPoolHandle& cp2,
1303        int index2, TRAPS) {
1304 
1305   // The error tags are equivalent to non-error tags when comparing
1306   jbyte t1 = tag_at(index1).non_error_value();
1307   jbyte t2 = cp2->tag_at(index2).non_error_value();
1308 
1309   if (t1 != t2) {
1310     // Not the same entry type so there is nothing else to check. Note
1311     // that this style of checking will consider resolved/unresolved
1312     // class pairs as different.
1313     // From the ConstantPool* API point of view, this is correct
1314     // behavior. See VM_RedefineClasses::merge_constant_pools() to see how this
1315     // plays out in the context of ConstantPool* merging.
1316     return false;
1317   }
1318 
1319   switch (t1) {
1320   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
1321   {
1322     Klass* k1 = klass_at(index1, CHECK_false);
1323     Klass* k2 = cp2->klass_at(index2, CHECK_false);
1324     if (k1 == k2) {
1325       return true;
1326     }
1327   } break;
1328 
1329   case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
1330   {
1331     int recur1 = klass_index_at(index1);
1332     int recur2 = cp2->klass_index_at(index2);
1333     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1334     if (match) {
1335       return true;
1336     }
1337   } break;
1338 
1339   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1340   {
1341     jdouble d1 = double_at(index1);
1342     jdouble d2 = cp2->double_at(index2);
1343     if (d1 == d2) {
1344       return true;
1345     }
1346   } break;
1347 
1348   case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
1349   case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
1350   case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
1351   {
1352     int recur1 = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index1);
1353     int recur2 = cp2->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index2);
1354     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1355     if (match) {
1356       recur1 = uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
1357       recur2 = cp2->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
1358       match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1359       if (match) {
1360         return true;
1361       }
1362     }
1363   } break;
1364 
1365   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1366   {
1367     jfloat f1 = float_at(index1);
1368     jfloat f2 = cp2->float_at(index2);
1369     if (f1 == f2) {
1370       return true;
1371     }
1372   } break;
1373 
1374   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1375   {
1376     jint i1 = int_at(index1);
1377     jint i2 = cp2->int_at(index2);
1378     if (i1 == i2) {
1379       return true;
1380     }
1381   } break;
1382 
1383   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1384   {
1385     jlong l1 = long_at(index1);
1386     jlong l2 = cp2->long_at(index2);
1387     if (l1 == l2) {
1388       return true;
1389     }
1390   } break;
1391 
1392   case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
1393   {
1394     int recur1 = name_ref_index_at(index1);
1395     int recur2 = cp2->name_ref_index_at(index2);
1396     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1397     if (match) {
1398       recur1 = signature_ref_index_at(index1);
1399       recur2 = cp2->signature_ref_index_at(index2);
1400       match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1401       if (match) {
1402         return true;
1403       }
1404     }
1405   } break;
1406 
1407   case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
1408   {
1409     int recur1 = string_index_at(index1);
1410     int recur2 = cp2->string_index_at(index2);
1411     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1412     if (match) {
1413       return true;
1414     }
1415   } break;
1416 
1417   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
1418   {
1419     Symbol* k1 = klass_name_at(index1);
1420     Symbol* k2 = cp2->klass_name_at(index2);
1421     if (k1 == k2) {
1422       return true;
1423     }
1424   } break;
1425 
1426   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1427   {
1428     int k1 = method_type_index_at(index1);
1429     int k2 = cp2->method_type_index_at(index2);
1430     bool match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1431     if (match) {
1432       return true;
1433     }
1434   } break;
1435 
1436   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
1437   {
1438     int k1 = method_handle_ref_kind_at(index1);
1439     int k2 = cp2->method_handle_ref_kind_at(index2);
1440     if (k1 == k2) {
1441       int i1 = method_handle_index_at(index1);
1442       int i2 = cp2->method_handle_index_at(index2);
1443       bool match = compare_entry_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1444       if (match) {
1445         return true;
1446       }
1447     }
1448   } break;
1449 
1450   case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
1451   {
1452     int k1 = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
1453     int k2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
1454     int i1 = invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index1);
1455     int i2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index2);
1456     // separate statements and variables because CHECK_false is used
1457     bool match_entry = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1458     bool match_operand = compare_operand_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1459     return (match_entry && match_operand);
1460   } break;
1461 
1462   case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
1463   {
1464     int k1 = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
1465     int k2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
1466     int i1 = invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index1);
1467     int i2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index2);
1468     // separate statements and variables because CHECK_false is used
1469     bool match_entry = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1470     bool match_operand = compare_operand_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1471     return (match_entry && match_operand);
1472   } break;
1473 
1474   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
1475   {
1476     Symbol* s1 = unresolved_string_at(index1);
1477     Symbol* s2 = cp2->unresolved_string_at(index2);
1478     if (s1 == s2) {
1479       return true;
1480     }
1481   } break;
1482 
1483   case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
1484   {
1485     Symbol* s1 = symbol_at(index1);
1486     Symbol* s2 = cp2->symbol_at(index2);
1487     if (s1 == s2) {
1488       return true;
1489     }
1490   } break;
1491 
1492   // Invalid is used as the tag for the second constant pool entry
1493   // occupied by JVM_CONSTANT_Double or JVM_CONSTANT_Long. It should
1494   // not be seen by itself.
1495   case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: // fall through
1496 
1497   default:
1498     ShouldNotReachHere();
1499     break;
1500   }
1501 
1502   return false;
1503 } // end compare_entry_to()
1504 
1505 
1506 // Resize the operands array with delta_len and delta_size.
1507 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1508 void ConstantPool::resize_operands(int delta_len, int delta_size, TRAPS) {
1509   int old_len  = operand_array_length(operands());
1510   int new_len  = old_len + delta_len;
1511   int min_len  = (delta_len > 0) ? old_len : new_len;
1512 
1513   int old_size = operands()->length();
1514   int new_size = old_size + delta_size;
1515   int min_size = (delta_size > 0) ? old_size : new_size;
1516 
1517   ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1518   Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, new_size, CHECK);
1519 
1520   // Set index in the resized array for existing elements only
1521   for (int idx = 0; idx < min_len; idx++) {
1522     int offset = operand_offset_at(idx);                       // offset in original array
1523     operand_offset_at_put(new_ops, idx, offset + 2*delta_len); // offset in resized array
1524   }
1525   // Copy the bootstrap specifiers only
1526   Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(operands()->adr_at(2*old_len),
1527                                new_ops->adr_at(2*new_len),
1528                                (min_size - 2*min_len) * sizeof(u2));
1529   // Explicitly deallocate old operands array.
1530   // Note, it is not needed for 7u backport.
1531   if ( operands() != NULL) { // the safety check
1532     MetadataFactory::free_array<u2>(loader_data, operands());
1533   }
1534   set_operands(new_ops);
1535 } // end resize_operands()
1536 
1537 
1538 // Extend the operands array with the length and size of the ext_cp operands.
1539 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1540 void ConstantPool::extend_operands(const constantPoolHandle& ext_cp, TRAPS) {
1541   int delta_len = operand_array_length(ext_cp->operands());
1542   if (delta_len == 0) {
1543     return; // nothing to do
1544   }
1545   int delta_size = ext_cp->operands()->length();
1546 
1547   assert(delta_len  > 0 && delta_size > 0, "extended operands array must be bigger");
1548 
1549   if (operand_array_length(operands()) == 0) {
1550     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1551     Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, delta_size, CHECK);
1552     // The first element index defines the offset of second part
1553     operand_offset_at_put(new_ops, 0, 2*delta_len); // offset in new array
1554     set_operands(new_ops);
1555   } else {
1556     resize_operands(delta_len, delta_size, CHECK);
1557   }
1558 
1559 } // end extend_operands()
1560 
1561 
1562 // Shrink the operands array to a smaller array with new_len length.
1563 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1564 void ConstantPool::shrink_operands(int new_len, TRAPS) {
1565   int old_len = operand_array_length(operands());
1566   if (new_len == old_len) {
1567     return; // nothing to do
1568   }
1569   assert(new_len < old_len, "shrunken operands array must be smaller");
1570 
1571   int free_base  = operand_next_offset_at(new_len - 1);
1572   int delta_len  = new_len - old_len;
1573   int delta_size = 2*delta_len + free_base - operands()->length();
1574 
1575   resize_operands(delta_len, delta_size, CHECK);
1576 
1577 } // end shrink_operands()
1578 
1579 
1580 void ConstantPool::copy_operands(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp,
1581                                  const constantPoolHandle& to_cp,
1582                                  TRAPS) {
1583 
1584   int from_oplen = operand_array_length(from_cp->operands());
1585   int old_oplen  = operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());
1586   if (from_oplen != 0) {
1587     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = to_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1588     // append my operands to the target's operands array
1589     if (old_oplen == 0) {
1590       // Can't just reuse from_cp's operand list because of deallocation issues
1591       int len = from_cp->operands()->length();
1592       Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, len, CHECK);
1593       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(
1594           from_cp->operands()->adr_at(0), new_ops->adr_at(0), len * sizeof(u2));
1595       to_cp->set_operands(new_ops);
1596     } else {
1597       int old_len  = to_cp->operands()->length();
1598       int from_len = from_cp->operands()->length();
1599       int old_off  = old_oplen * sizeof(u2);
1600       int from_off = from_oplen * sizeof(u2);
1601       // Use the metaspace for the destination constant pool
1602       Array<u2>* new_operands = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, old_len + from_len, CHECK);
1603       int fillp = 0, len = 0;
1604       // first part of dest
1605       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(to_cp->operands()->adr_at(0),
1606                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1607                                    (len = old_off) * sizeof(u2));
1608       fillp += len;
1609       // first part of src
1610       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(from_cp->operands()->adr_at(0),
1611                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1612                                    (len = from_off) * sizeof(u2));
1613       fillp += len;
1614       // second part of dest
1615       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(to_cp->operands()->adr_at(old_off),
1616                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1617                                    (len = old_len - old_off) * sizeof(u2));
1618       fillp += len;
1619       // second part of src
1620       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(from_cp->operands()->adr_at(from_off),
1621                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1622                                    (len = from_len - from_off) * sizeof(u2));
1623       fillp += len;
1624       assert(fillp == new_operands->length(), "");
1625 
1626       // Adjust indexes in the first part of the copied operands array.
1627       for (int j = 0; j < from_oplen; j++) {
1628         int offset = operand_offset_at(new_operands, old_oplen + j);
1629         assert(offset == operand_offset_at(from_cp->operands(), j), "correct copy");
1630         offset += old_len;  // every new tuple is preceded by old_len extra u2's
1631         operand_offset_at_put(new_operands, old_oplen + j, offset);
1632       }
1633 
1634       // replace target operands array with combined array
1635       to_cp->set_operands(new_operands);
1636     }
1637   }
1638 } // end copy_operands()
1639 
1640 
1641 // Copy this constant pool's entries at start_i to end_i (inclusive)
1642 // to the constant pool to_cp's entries starting at to_i. A total of
1643 // (end_i - start_i) + 1 entries are copied.
1644 void ConstantPool::copy_cp_to_impl(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp, int start_i, int end_i,
1645        const constantPoolHandle& to_cp, int to_i, TRAPS) {
1646 
1647 
1648   int dest_i = to_i;  // leave original alone for debug purposes
1649 
1650   for (int src_i = start_i; src_i <= end_i; /* see loop bottom */ ) {
1651     copy_entry_to(from_cp, src_i, to_cp, dest_i, CHECK);
1652 
1653     switch (from_cp->tag_at(src_i).value()) {
1654     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1655     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1656       // double and long take two constant pool entries
1657       src_i += 2;
1658       dest_i += 2;
1659       break;
1660 
1661     default:
1662       // all others take one constant pool entry
1663       src_i++;
1664       dest_i++;
1665       break;
1666     }
1667   }
1668   copy_operands(from_cp, to_cp, CHECK);
1669 
1670 } // end copy_cp_to_impl()
1671 
1672 
1673 // Copy this constant pool's entry at from_i to the constant pool
1674 // to_cp's entry at to_i.
1675 void ConstantPool::copy_entry_to(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp, int from_i,
1676                                         const constantPoolHandle& to_cp, int to_i,
1677                                         TRAPS) {
1678 
1679   int tag = from_cp->tag_at(from_i).value();
1680   switch (tag) {
1681   case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
1682   {
1683     jint ki = from_cp->klass_index_at(from_i);
1684     to_cp->klass_index_at_put(to_i, ki);
1685   } break;
1686 
1687   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1688   {
1689     jdouble d = from_cp->double_at(from_i);
1690     to_cp->double_at_put(to_i, d);
1691     // double takes two constant pool entries so init second entry's tag
1692     to_cp->tag_at_put(to_i + 1, JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid);
1693   } break;
1694 
1695   case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
1696   {
1697     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1698     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1699     to_cp->field_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1700   } break;
1701 
1702   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1703   {
1704     jfloat f = from_cp->float_at(from_i);
1705     to_cp->float_at_put(to_i, f);
1706   } break;
1707 
1708   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1709   {
1710     jint i = from_cp->int_at(from_i);
1711     to_cp->int_at_put(to_i, i);
1712   } break;
1713 
1714   case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
1715   {
1716     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1717     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1718     to_cp->interface_method_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1719   } break;
1720 
1721   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1722   {
1723     jlong l = from_cp->long_at(from_i);
1724     to_cp->long_at_put(to_i, l);
1725     // long takes two constant pool entries so init second entry's tag
1726     to_cp->tag_at_put(to_i + 1, JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid);
1727   } break;
1728 
1729   case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
1730   {
1731     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1732     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1733     to_cp->method_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1734   } break;
1735 
1736   case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
1737   {
1738     int name_ref_index = from_cp->name_ref_index_at(from_i);
1739     int signature_ref_index = from_cp->signature_ref_index_at(from_i);
1740     to_cp->name_and_type_at_put(to_i, name_ref_index, signature_ref_index);
1741   } break;
1742 
1743   case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
1744   {
1745     jint si = from_cp->string_index_at(from_i);
1746     to_cp->string_index_at_put(to_i, si);
1747   } break;
1748 
1749   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
1750   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
1751   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
1752   {
1753     // Revert to JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex
1754     int name_index = from_cp->klass_slot_at(from_i).name_index();
1755     assert(from_cp->tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
1756     to_cp->klass_index_at_put(to_i, name_index);
1757   } break;
1758 
1759   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
1760   {
1761     Symbol* s = from_cp->unresolved_string_at(from_i);
1762     to_cp->unresolved_string_at_put(to_i, s);
1763   } break;
1764 
1765   case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
1766   {
1767     Symbol* s = from_cp->symbol_at(from_i);
1768     // Need to increase refcount, the old one will be thrown away and deferenced
1769     s->increment_refcount();
1770     to_cp->symbol_at_put(to_i, s);
1771   } break;
1772 
1773   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1774   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
1775   {
1776     jint k = from_cp->method_type_index_at(from_i);
1777     to_cp->method_type_index_at_put(to_i, k);
1778   } break;
1779 
1780   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
1781   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
1782   {
1783     int k1 = from_cp->method_handle_ref_kind_at(from_i);
1784     int k2 = from_cp->method_handle_index_at(from_i);
1785     to_cp->method_handle_index_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1786   } break;
1787 
1788   case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
1789   case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError:
1790   {
1791     int k1 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(from_i);
1792     int k2 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1793     k1 += operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());  // to_cp might already have operands
1794     to_cp->dynamic_constant_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1795   } break;
1796 
1797   case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
1798   {
1799     int k1 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(from_i);
1800     int k2 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1801     k1 += operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());  // to_cp might already have operands
1802     to_cp->invoke_dynamic_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1803   } break;
1804 
1805   // Invalid is used as the tag for the second constant pool entry
1806   // occupied by JVM_CONSTANT_Double or JVM_CONSTANT_Long. It should
1807   // not be seen by itself.
1808   case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: // fall through
1809 
1810   default:
1811   {
1812     ShouldNotReachHere();
1813   } break;
1814   }
1815 } // end copy_entry_to()
1816 
1817 // Search constant pool search_cp for an entry that matches this
1818 // constant pool's entry at pattern_i. Returns the index of a
1819 // matching entry or zero (0) if there is no matching entry.
1820 int ConstantPool::find_matching_entry(int pattern_i,
1821       const constantPoolHandle& search_cp, TRAPS) {
1822 
1823   // index zero (0) is not used
1824   for (int i = 1; i < search_cp->length(); i++) {
1825     bool found = compare_entry_to(pattern_i, search_cp, i, CHECK_0);
1826     if (found) {
1827       return i;
1828     }
1829   }
1830 
1831   return 0;  // entry not found; return unused index zero (0)
1832 } // end find_matching_entry()
1833 
1834 
1835 // Compare this constant pool's bootstrap specifier at idx1 to the constant pool
1836 // cp2's bootstrap specifier at idx2.
1837 bool ConstantPool::compare_operand_to(int idx1, const constantPoolHandle& cp2, int idx2, TRAPS) {
1838   int k1 = operand_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(idx1);
1839   int k2 = cp2->operand_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(idx2);
1840   bool match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1841 
1842   if (!match) {
1843     return false;
1844   }
1845   int argc = operand_argument_count_at(idx1);
1846   if (argc == cp2->operand_argument_count_at(idx2)) {
1847     for (int j = 0; j < argc; j++) {
1848       k1 = operand_argument_index_at(idx1, j);
1849       k2 = cp2->operand_argument_index_at(idx2, j);
1850       match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1851       if (!match) {
1852         return false;
1853       }
1854     }
1855     return true;           // got through loop; all elements equal
1856   }
1857   return false;
1858 } // end compare_operand_to()
1859 
1860 // Search constant pool search_cp for a bootstrap specifier that matches
1861 // this constant pool's bootstrap specifier at pattern_i index.
1862 // Return the index of a matching bootstrap specifier or (-1) if there is no match.
1863 int ConstantPool::find_matching_operand(int pattern_i,
1864                     const constantPoolHandle& search_cp, int search_len, TRAPS) {
1865   for (int i = 0; i < search_len; i++) {
1866     bool found = compare_operand_to(pattern_i, search_cp, i, CHECK_(-1));
1867     if (found) {
1868       return i;
1869     }
1870   }
1871   return -1;  // bootstrap specifier not found; return unused index (-1)
1872 } // end find_matching_operand()
1873 
1874 
1875 #ifndef PRODUCT
1876 
1877 const char* ConstantPool::printable_name_at(int which) {
1878 
1879   constantTag tag = tag_at(which);
1880 
1881   if (tag.is_string()) {
1882     return string_at_noresolve(which);
1883   } else if (tag.is_klass() || tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
1884     return klass_name_at(which)->as_C_string();
1885   } else if (tag.is_symbol()) {
1886     return symbol_at(which)->as_C_string();
1887   }
1888   return "";
1889 }
1890 
1891 #endif // PRODUCT
1892 
1893 
1894 // JVMTI GetConstantPool support
1895 
1896 // For debugging of constant pool
1897 const bool debug_cpool = false;
1898 
1899 #define DBG(code) do { if (debug_cpool) { (code); } } while(0)
1900 
1901 static void print_cpool_bytes(jint cnt, u1 *bytes) {
1902   const char* WARN_MSG = "Must not be such entry!";
1903   jint size = 0;
1904   u2   idx1, idx2;
1905 
1906   for (jint idx = 1; idx < cnt; idx++) {
1907     jint ent_size = 0;
1908     u1   tag  = *bytes++;
1909     size++;                       // count tag
1910 
1911     printf("const #%03d, tag: %02d ", idx, tag);
1912     switch(tag) {
1913       case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: {
1914         printf("Invalid");
1915         break;
1916       }
1917       case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode: {
1918         printf("Unicode      %s", WARN_MSG);
1919         break;
1920       }
1921       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
1922         u2 len = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1923         char str[128];
1924         if (len > 127) {
1925            len = 127;
1926         }
1927         strncpy(str, (char *) (bytes+2), len);
1928         str[len] = '\0';
1929         printf("Utf8          \"%s\"", str);
1930         ent_size = 2 + len;
1931         break;
1932       }
1933       case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer: {
1934         u4 val = Bytes::get_Java_u4(bytes);
1935         printf("int          %d", *(int *) &val);
1936         ent_size = 4;
1937         break;
1938       }
1939       case JVM_CONSTANT_Float: {
1940         u4 val = Bytes::get_Java_u4(bytes);
1941         printf("float        %5.3ff", *(float *) &val);
1942         ent_size = 4;
1943         break;
1944       }
1945       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long: {
1946         u8 val = Bytes::get_Java_u8(bytes);
1947         printf("long         " INT64_FORMAT, (int64_t) *(jlong *) &val);
1948         ent_size = 8;
1949         idx++; // Long takes two cpool slots
1950         break;
1951       }
1952       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
1953         u8 val = Bytes::get_Java_u8(bytes);
1954         printf("double       %5.3fd", *(jdouble *)&val);
1955         ent_size = 8;
1956         idx++; // Double takes two cpool slots
1957         break;
1958       }
1959       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class: {
1960         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1961         printf("class        #%03d", idx1);
1962         ent_size = 2;
1963         break;
1964       }
1965       case JVM_CONSTANT_String: {
1966         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1967         printf("String       #%03d", idx1);
1968         ent_size = 2;
1969         break;
1970       }
1971       case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref: {
1972         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1973         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1974         printf("Field        #%03d, #%03d", (int) idx1, (int) idx2);
1975         ent_size = 4;
1976         break;
1977       }
1978       case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref: {
1979         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1980         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1981         printf("Method       #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1982         ent_size = 4;
1983         break;
1984       }
1985       case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: {
1986         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1987         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1988         printf("InterfMethod #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1989         ent_size = 4;
1990         break;
1991       }
1992       case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: {
1993         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1994         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1995         printf("NameAndType  #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1996         ent_size = 4;
1997         break;
1998       }
1999       case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
2000         printf("ClassIndex  %s", WARN_MSG);
2001         break;
2002       }
2003       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass: {
2004         printf("UnresolvedClass: %s", WARN_MSG);
2005         break;
2006       }
2007       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
2008         printf("UnresolvedClassInErr: %s", WARN_MSG);
2009         break;
2010       }
2011       case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: {
2012         printf("StringIndex: %s", WARN_MSG);
2013         break;
2014       }
2015     }
2016     printf(";\n");
2017     bytes += ent_size;
2018     size  += ent_size;
2019   }
2020   printf("Cpool size: %d\n", size);
2021   fflush(0);
2022   return;
2023 } /* end print_cpool_bytes */
2024 
2025 
2026 // Returns size of constant pool entry.
2027 jint ConstantPool::cpool_entry_size(jint idx) {
2028   switch(tag_at(idx).value()) {
2029     case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid:
2030     case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode:
2031       return 1;
2032 
2033     case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
2034       return 3 + symbol_at(idx)->utf8_length();
2035 
2036     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
2037     case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
2038     case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
2039     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
2040     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
2041     case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
2042     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
2043     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
2044       return 3;
2045 
2046     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
2047     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
2048       return 4; //tag, ref_kind, ref_index
2049 
2050     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
2051     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
2052     case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
2053     case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
2054     case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
2055     case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
2056       return 5;
2057 
2058     case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
2059     case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError:
2060     case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
2061       // u1 tag, u2 bsm, u2 nt
2062       return 5;
2063 
2064     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
2065     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
2066       return 9;
2067   }
2068   assert(false, "cpool_entry_size: Invalid constant pool entry tag");
2069   return 1;
2070 } /* end cpool_entry_size */
2071 
2072 
2073 // SymbolHashMap is used to find a constant pool index from a string.
2074 // This function fills in SymbolHashMaps, one for utf8s and one for
2075 // class names, returns size of the cpool raw bytes.
2076 jint ConstantPool::hash_entries_to(SymbolHashMap *symmap,
2077                                           SymbolHashMap *classmap) {
2078   jint size = 0;
2079 
2080   for (u2 idx = 1; idx < length(); idx++) {
2081     u2 tag = tag_at(idx).value();
2082     size += cpool_entry_size(idx);
2083 
2084     switch(tag) {
2085       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
2086         Symbol* sym = symbol_at(idx);
2087         symmap->add_entry(sym, idx);
2088         DBG(printf("adding symbol entry %s = %d\n", sym->as_utf8(), idx));
2089         break;
2090       }
2091       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
2092       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
2093       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
2094         Symbol* sym = klass_name_at(idx);
2095         classmap->add_entry(sym, idx);
2096         DBG(printf("adding class entry %s = %d\n", sym->as_utf8(), idx));
2097         break;
2098       }
2099       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
2100       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
2101         idx++; // Both Long and Double take two cpool slots
2102         break;
2103       }
2104     }
2105   }
2106   return size;
2107 } /* end hash_utf8_entries_to */
2108 
2109 
2110 // Copy cpool bytes.
2111 // Returns:
2112 //    0, in case of OutOfMemoryError
2113 //   -1, in case of internal error
2114 //  > 0, count of the raw cpool bytes that have been copied
2115 int ConstantPool::copy_cpool_bytes(int cpool_size,
2116                                           SymbolHashMap* tbl,
2117                                           unsigned char *bytes) {
2118   u2   idx1, idx2;
2119   jint size  = 0;
2120   jint cnt   = length();
2121   unsigned char *start_bytes = bytes;
2122 
2123   for (jint idx = 1; idx < cnt; idx++) {
2124     u1   tag      = tag_at(idx).value();
2125     jint ent_size = cpool_entry_size(idx);
2126 
2127     assert(size + ent_size <= cpool_size, "Size mismatch");
2128 
2129     *bytes = tag;
2130     DBG(printf("#%03hd tag=%03hd, ", (short)idx, (short)tag));
2131     switch(tag) {
2132       case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: {
2133         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid"));
2134         break;
2135       }
2136       case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode: {
2137         assert(false, "Wrong constant pool tag: JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode");
2138         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode"));
2139         break;
2140       }
2141       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
2142         Symbol* sym = symbol_at(idx);
2143         char*     str = sym->as_utf8();
2144         // Warning! It's crashing on x86 with len = sym->utf8_length()
2145         int       len = (int) strlen(str);
2146         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), (u2) len);
2147         for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
2148             bytes[3+i] = (u1) str[i];
2149         }
2150         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: %s ", str));
2151         break;
2152       }
2153       case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer: {
2154         jint val = int_at(idx);
2155         Bytes::put_Java_u4((address) (bytes+1), *(u4*)&val);
2156         break;
2157       }
2158       case JVM_CONSTANT_Float: {
2159         jfloat val = float_at(idx);
2160         Bytes::put_Java_u4((address) (bytes+1), *(u4*)&val);
2161         break;
2162       }
2163       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long: {
2164         jlong val = long_at(idx);
2165         Bytes::put_Java_u8((address) (bytes+1), *(u8*)&val);
2166         idx++;             // Long takes two cpool slots
2167         break;
2168       }
2169       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
2170         jdouble val = double_at(idx);
2171         Bytes::put_Java_u8((address) (bytes+1), *(u8*)&val);
2172         idx++;             // Double takes two cpool slots
2173         break;
2174       }
2175       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
2176       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
2177       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
2178         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_Class;
2179         Symbol* sym = klass_name_at(idx);
2180         idx1 = tbl->symbol_to_value(sym);
2181         assert(idx1 != 0, "Have not found a hashtable entry");
2182         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2183         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Class: idx=#%03hd, %s", idx1, sym->as_utf8()));
2184         break;
2185       }
2186       case JVM_CONSTANT_String: {
2187         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_String;
2188         Symbol* sym = unresolved_string_at(idx);
2189         idx1 = tbl->symbol_to_value(sym);
2190         assert(idx1 != 0, "Have not found a hashtable entry");
2191         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2192         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_String: idx=#%03hd, %s", idx1, sym->as_utf8()));
2193         break;
2194       }
2195       case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
2196       case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
2197       case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: {
2198         idx1 = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(idx);
2199         idx2 = uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx);
2200         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2201         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2202         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2203         break;
2204       }
2205       case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: {
2206         idx1 = name_ref_index_at(idx);
2207         idx2 = signature_ref_index_at(idx);
2208         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2209         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2210         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2211         break;
2212       }
2213       case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
2214         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_Class;
2215         idx1 = klass_index_at(idx);
2216         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2217         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: %hd", idx1));
2218         break;
2219       }
2220       case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: {
2221         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_String;
2222         idx1 = string_index_at(idx);
2223         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2224         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: %hd", idx1));
2225         break;
2226       }
2227       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
2228       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError: {
2229         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle;
2230         int kind = method_handle_ref_kind_at(idx);
2231         idx1 = method_handle_index_at(idx);
2232         *(bytes+1) = (unsigned char) kind;
2233         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+2), idx1);
2234         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle: %d %hd", kind, idx1));
2235         break;
2236       }
2237       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
2238       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError: {
2239         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType;
2240         idx1 = method_type_index_at(idx);
2241         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2242         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType: %hd", idx1));
2243         break;
2244       }
2245       case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
2246       case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError: {
2247         *bytes = tag;
2248         idx1 = extract_low_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2249         idx2 = extract_high_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2250         assert(idx2 == invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx), "correct half of u4");
2251         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2252         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2253         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2254         break;
2255       }
2256       case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic: {
2257         *bytes = tag;
2258         idx1 = extract_low_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2259         idx2 = extract_high_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2260         assert(idx2 == invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx), "correct half of u4");
2261         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2262         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2263         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2264         break;
2265       }
2266     }
2267     DBG(printf("\n"));
2268     bytes += ent_size;
2269     size  += ent_size;
2270   }
2271   assert(size == cpool_size, "Size mismatch");
2272 
2273   // Keep temorarily for debugging until it's stable.
2274   DBG(print_cpool_bytes(cnt, start_bytes));
2275   return (int)(bytes - start_bytes);
2276 } /* end copy_cpool_bytes */
2277 
2278 #undef DBG
2279 
2280 
2281 void ConstantPool::set_on_stack(const bool value) {
2282   if (value) {
2283     // Only record if it's not already set.
2284     if (!on_stack()) {
2285       assert(!is_shared(), "should always be set for shared constant pools");
2286       _flags |= _on_stack;
2287       MetadataOnStackMark::record(this);
2288     }
2289   } else {
2290     // Clearing is done single-threadedly.
2291     if (!is_shared()) {
2292       _flags &= ~_on_stack;
2293     }
2294   }
2295 }
2296 
2297 // JSR 292 support for patching constant pool oops after the class is linked and
2298 // the oop array for resolved references are created.
2299 // We can't do this during classfile parsing, which is how the other indexes are
2300 // patched.  The other patches are applied early for some error checking
2301 // so only defer the pseudo_strings.
2302 void ConstantPool::patch_resolved_references(GrowableArray<Handle>* cp_patches) {
2303   for (int index = 1; index < cp_patches->length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
2304     Handle patch = cp_patches->at(index);
2305     if (patch.not_null()) {
2306       assert (tag_at(index).is_string(), "should only be string left");
2307       // Patching a string means pre-resolving it.
2308       // The spelling in the constant pool is ignored.
2309       // The constant reference may be any object whatever.
2310       // If it is not a real interned string, the constant is referred
2311       // to as a "pseudo-string", and must be presented to the CP
2312       // explicitly, because it may require scavenging.
2313       int obj_index = cp_to_object_index(index);
2314       pseudo_string_at_put(index, obj_index, patch());
2315      DEBUG_ONLY(cp_patches->at_put(index, Handle());)
2316     }
2317   }
2318 #ifdef ASSERT
2319   // Ensure that all the patches have been used.
2320   for (int index = 0; index < cp_patches->length(); index++) {
2321     assert(cp_patches->at(index).is_null(),
2322            "Unused constant pool patch at %d in class file %s",
2323            index,
2324            pool_holder()->external_name());
2325   }
2326 #endif // ASSERT
2327 }
2328 
2329 #ifndef PRODUCT
2330 
2331 // CompileTheWorld support. Preload all classes loaded references in the passed in constantpool
2332 void ConstantPool::preload_and_initialize_all_classes(ConstantPool* obj, TRAPS) {
2333   guarantee(obj->is_constantPool(), "object must be constant pool");
2334   constantPoolHandle cp(THREAD, (ConstantPool*)obj);
2335   guarantee(cp->pool_holder() != NULL, "must be fully loaded");
2336 
2337   for (int i = 0; i< cp->length();  i++) {
2338     if (cp->tag_at(i).is_unresolved_klass()) {
2339       // This will force loading of the class
2340       Klass* klass = cp->klass_at(i, CHECK);
2341       if (klass->is_instance_klass()) {
2342         // Force initialization of class
2343         InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->initialize(CHECK);
2344       }
2345     }
2346   }
2347 }
2348 
2349 #endif
2350 
2351 
2352 // Printing
2353 
2354 void ConstantPool::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
2355   assert(is_constantPool(), "must be constantPool");
2356   st->print_cr("%s", internal_name());
2357   if (flags() != 0) {
2358     st->print(" - flags: 0x%x", flags());
2359     if (has_preresolution()) st->print(" has_preresolution");
2360     if (on_stack()) st->print(" on_stack");
2361     st->cr();
2362   }
2363   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2364     st->print_cr(" - holder: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(pool_holder()));
2365   }
2366   st->print_cr(" - cache: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(cache()));
2367   st->print_cr(" - resolved_references: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(resolved_references()));
2368   st->print_cr(" - reference_map: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(reference_map()));
2369   st->print_cr(" - resolved_klasses: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(resolved_klasses()));
2370 
2371   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) {      // Index 0 is unused
2372     ((ConstantPool*)this)->print_entry_on(index, st);
2373     switch (tag_at(index).value()) {
2374       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long :
2375       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double :
2376         index++;   // Skip entry following eigth-byte constant
2377     }
2378 
2379   }
2380   st->cr();
2381 }
2382 
2383 // Print one constant pool entry
2384 void ConstantPool::print_entry_on(const int index, outputStream* st) {
2385   EXCEPTION_MARK;
2386   st->print(" - %3d : ", index);
2387   tag_at(index).print_on(st);
2388   st->print(" : ");
2389   switch (tag_at(index).value()) {
2390     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class :
2391       { Klass* k = klass_at(index, CATCH);
2392         guarantee(k != NULL, "need klass");
2393         k->print_value_on(st);
2394         st->print(" {" PTR_FORMAT "}", p2i(k));
2395       }
2396       break;
2397     case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref :
2398     case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref :
2399     case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref :
2400       st->print("klass_index=%d", uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index));
2401       st->print(" name_and_type_index=%d", uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
2402       break;
2403     case JVM_CONSTANT_String :
2404       if (is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
2405         oop anObj = pseudo_string_at(index);
2406         anObj->print_value_on(st);
2407         st->print(" {" PTR_FORMAT "}", p2i(anObj));
2408       } else {
2409         unresolved_string_at(index)->print_value_on(st);
2410       }
2411       break;
2412     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer :
2413       st->print("%d", int_at(index));
2414       break;
2415     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float :
2416       st->print("%f", float_at(index));
2417       break;
2418     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long :
2419       st->print_jlong(long_at(index));
2420       break;
2421     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double :
2422       st->print("%lf", double_at(index));
2423       break;
2424     case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType :
2425       st->print("name_index=%d", name_ref_index_at(index));
2426       st->print(" signature_index=%d", signature_ref_index_at(index));
2427       break;
2428     case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8 :
2429       symbol_at(index)->print_value_on(st);
2430       break;
2431     case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
2432         int name_index = *int_at_addr(index);
2433         st->print("klass_index=%d ", name_index);
2434         symbol_at(name_index)->print_value_on(st);
2435       }
2436       break;
2437     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass :               // fall-through
2438     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
2439         CPKlassSlot kslot = klass_slot_at(index);
2440         int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
2441         int name_index = kslot.name_index();
2442         assert(tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
2443 
2444         Klass* klass = resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
2445         if (klass != NULL) {
2446           klass->print_value_on(st);
2447         } else {
2448           symbol_at(name_index)->print_value_on(st);
2449         }
2450       }
2451       break;
2452     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle :
2453     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError :
2454       st->print("ref_kind=%d", method_handle_ref_kind_at(index));
2455       st->print(" ref_index=%d", method_handle_index_at(index));
2456       break;
2457     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType :
2458     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError :
2459       st->print("signature_index=%d", method_type_index_at(index));
2460       break;
2461     case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic :
2462     case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError :
2463       {
2464         st->print("bootstrap_method_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(index));
2465         st->print(" type_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
2466         int argc = invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index);
2467         if (argc > 0) {
2468           for (int arg_i = 0; arg_i < argc; arg_i++) {
2469             int arg = invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, arg_i);
2470             st->print((arg_i == 0 ? " arguments={%d" : ", %d"), arg);
2471           }
2472           st->print("}");
2473         }
2474       }
2475       break;
2476     case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic :
2477       {
2478         st->print("bootstrap_method_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(index));
2479         st->print(" name_and_type_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
2480         int argc = invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index);
2481         if (argc > 0) {
2482           for (int arg_i = 0; arg_i < argc; arg_i++) {
2483             int arg = invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, arg_i);
2484             st->print((arg_i == 0 ? " arguments={%d" : ", %d"), arg);
2485           }
2486           st->print("}");
2487         }
2488       }
2489       break;
2490     default:
2491       ShouldNotReachHere();
2492       break;
2493   }
2494   st->cr();
2495 }
2496 
2497 void ConstantPool::print_value_on(outputStream* st) const {
2498   assert(is_constantPool(), "must be constantPool");
2499   st->print("constant pool [%d]", length());
2500   if (has_preresolution()) st->print("/preresolution");
2501   if (operands() != NULL)  st->print("/operands[%d]", operands()->length());
2502   print_address_on(st);
2503   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2504     st->print(" for ");
2505     pool_holder()->print_value_on(st);
2506     bool extra = (pool_holder()->constants() != this);
2507     if (extra)  st->print(" (extra)");
2508   }
2509   if (cache() != NULL) {
2510     st->print(" cache=" PTR_FORMAT, p2i(cache()));
2511   }
2512 }
2513 
2514 #if INCLUDE_SERVICES
2515 // Size Statistics
2516 void ConstantPool::collect_statistics(KlassSizeStats *sz) const {
2517   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_bytes          = sz->count(this));
2518   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_tags_bytes     = sz->count_array(tags()));
2519   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_cache_bytes    = sz->count(cache()));
2520   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_operands_bytes = sz->count_array(operands()));
2521   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_refmap_bytes   = sz->count_array(reference_map()));
2522 
2523   sz->_ro_bytes += sz->_cp_operands_bytes + sz->_cp_tags_bytes +
2524                    sz->_cp_refmap_bytes;
2525   sz->_rw_bytes += sz->_cp_bytes + sz->_cp_cache_bytes;
2526 }
2527 #endif // INCLUDE_SERVICES
2528 
2529 // Verification
2530 
2531 void ConstantPool::verify_on(outputStream* st) {
2532   guarantee(is_constantPool(), "object must be constant pool");
2533   for (int i = 0; i< length();  i++) {
2534     constantTag tag = tag_at(i);
2535     if (tag.is_klass() || tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
2536       guarantee(klass_name_at(i)->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2537     } else if (tag.is_symbol()) {
2538       CPSlot entry = slot_at(i);
2539       guarantee(entry.get_symbol()->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2540     } else if (tag.is_string()) {
2541       CPSlot entry = slot_at(i);
2542       guarantee(entry.get_symbol()->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2543     }
2544   }
2545   if (cache() != NULL) {
2546     // Note: cache() can be NULL before a class is completely setup or
2547     // in temporary constant pools used during constant pool merging
2548     guarantee(cache()->is_constantPoolCache(), "should be constant pool cache");
2549   }
2550   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2551     // Note: pool_holder() can be NULL in temporary constant pools
2552     // used during constant pool merging
2553     guarantee(pool_holder()->is_klass(),    "should be klass");
2554   }
2555 }
2556 
2557 
2558 SymbolHashMap::~SymbolHashMap() {
2559   SymbolHashMapEntry* next;
2560   for (int i = 0; i < _table_size; i++) {
2561     for (SymbolHashMapEntry* cur = bucket(i); cur != NULL; cur = next) {
2562       next = cur->next();
2563       delete(cur);
2564     }
2565   }
2566   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(SymbolHashMapBucket, _buckets);
2567 }
2568 
2569 void SymbolHashMap::add_entry(Symbol* sym, u2 value) {
2570   char *str = sym->as_utf8();
2571   unsigned int hash = compute_hash(str, sym->utf8_length());
2572   unsigned int index = hash % table_size();
2573 
2574   // check if already in map
2575   // we prefer the first entry since it is more likely to be what was used in
2576   // the class file
2577   for (SymbolHashMapEntry *en = bucket(index); en != NULL; en = en->next()) {
2578     assert(en->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2579     if (en->hash() == hash && en->symbol() == sym) {
2580         return;  // already there
2581     }
2582   }
2583 
2584   SymbolHashMapEntry* entry = new SymbolHashMapEntry(hash, sym, value);
2585   entry->set_next(bucket(index));
2586   _buckets[index].set_entry(entry);
2587   assert(entry->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2588 }
2589 
2590 SymbolHashMapEntry* SymbolHashMap::find_entry(Symbol* sym) {
2591   assert(sym != NULL, "SymbolHashMap::find_entry - symbol is NULL");
2592   char *str = sym->as_utf8();
2593   int   len = sym->utf8_length();
2594   unsigned int hash = SymbolHashMap::compute_hash(str, len);
2595   unsigned int index = hash % table_size();
2596   for (SymbolHashMapEntry *en = bucket(index); en != NULL; en = en->next()) {
2597     assert(en->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2598     if (en->hash() == hash && en->symbol() == sym) {
2599       return en;
2600     }
2601   }
2602   return NULL;
2603 }
2604 
2605 void SymbolHashMap::initialize_table(int table_size) {
2606   _table_size = table_size;
2607   _buckets = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(SymbolHashMapBucket, table_size, mtSymbol);
2608   for (int index = 0; index < table_size; index++) {
2609     _buckets[index].clear();
2610   }
2611 }