1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2003, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 package javax.xml.xpath;
  27 
  28 import javax.xml.namespace.NamespaceContext;
  29 import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
  30 import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
  31 
  32 /**
  33  * {@code XPath} provides access to the XPath evaluation environment and expressions.
  34  *
  35  * <a name="XPath-evaluation"/>
  36  * <table border="1" cellpadding="2">
  37  *   <thead>
  38  *     <tr>
  39  *       <th colspan="2">Evaluation of XPath Expressions.</th>
  40  *     </tr>
  41  *   </thead>
  42  *     <tr>
  43  *       <td>context</td>
  44  *       <td>
  45  *         If a request is made to evaluate the expression in the absence
  46  * of a context item, an empty document node will be used for the context.
  47  * For the purposes of evaluating XPath expressions, a DocumentFragment
  48  * is treated like a Document node.
  49  *      </td>
  50  *    </tr>
  51  *    <tr>
  52  *      <td>variables</td>
  53  *      <td>
  54  *        If the expression contains a variable reference, its value will be found through the {@link XPathVariableResolver}
  55  *        set with {@link #setXPathVariableResolver(XPathVariableResolver resolver)}.
  56  *        An {@link XPathExpressionException} is raised if the variable resolver is undefined or
  57  *        the resolver returns {@code null} for the variable.
  58  *        The value of a variable must be immutable through the course of any single evaluation.
  59  *      </td>
  60  *    </tr>
  61  *    <tr>
  62  *      <td>functions</td>
  63  *      <td>
  64  *        If the expression contains a function reference, the function will be found through the {@link XPathFunctionResolver}
  65  *        set with {@link #setXPathFunctionResolver(XPathFunctionResolver resolver)}.
  66  *        An {@link XPathExpressionException} is raised if the function resolver is undefined or
  67  *        the function resolver returns {@code null} for the function.
  68  *      </td>
  69  *    </tr>
  70  *    <tr>
  71  *      <td>QNames</td>
  72  *      <td>
  73  *        QNames in the expression are resolved against the XPath namespace context
  74  *        set with {@link #setNamespaceContext(NamespaceContext nsContext)}.
  75  *      </td>
  76  *    </tr>
  77  *    <tr>
  78  *      <td>result</td>
  79  *      <td>
  80  *        This result of evaluating an expression is converted to an instance of the desired return type.
  81  *        Valid return types are defined in {@link XPathConstants}.
  82  *        Conversion to the return type follows XPath conversion rules.
  83  *      </td>
  84  *    </tr>
  85  * </table>
  86  *
  87  * <p>An XPath object is not thread-safe and not reentrant.
  88  * In other words, it is the application's responsibility to make
  89  * sure that one {@link XPath} object is not used from
  90  * more than one thread at any given time, and while the {@code evaluate}
  91  * method is invoked, applications may not recursively call
  92  * the {@code evaluate} method.
  93  * <p>
  94  *
  95  * @author  <a href="Norman.Walsh@Sun.com">Norman Walsh</a>
  96  * @author  <a href="Jeff.Suttor@Sun.com">Jeff Suttor</a>
  97  * @see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath">XML Path Language (XPath) Version 1.0</a>
  98  * @since 1.5
  99  */
 100 public interface XPath {
 101 
 102     /**
 103      * Reset this {@code XPath} to its original configuration.
 104      *
 105      * <p>{@code XPath} is reset to the same state as when it was created with
 106      * {@link XPathFactory#newXPath()}.
 107      * {@code reset()} is designed to allow the reuse of existing {@code XPath}s
 108      * thus saving resources associated with the creation of new {@code XPath}s.
 109      *
 110      * <p>The reset {@code XPath} is not guaranteed to have the same
 111      * {@link XPathFunctionResolver}, {@link XPathVariableResolver}
 112      * or {@link NamespaceContext} {@code Object}s, e.g. {@link Object#equals(Object obj)}.
 113      * It is guaranteed to have a functionally equal {@code XPathFunctionResolver},
 114      * {@code XPathVariableResolver} and {@code NamespaceContext}.
 115      */
 116     public void reset();
 117 
 118     /**
 119      * Establish a variable resolver.
 120      *
 121      * <p>A {@code NullPointerException} is thrown if {@code resolver} is {@code null}.
 122      *
 123      * @param resolver Variable resolver.
 124      *
 125      * @throws NullPointerException If {@code resolver} is {@code null}.
 126      */
 127     public void setXPathVariableResolver(XPathVariableResolver resolver);
 128 
 129     /**
 130        * Return the current variable resolver.
 131        *
 132        * <p>{@code null} is returned in no variable resolver is in effect.
 133        *
 134        * @return Current variable resolver.
 135        */
 136     public XPathVariableResolver getXPathVariableResolver();
 137 
 138     /**
 139        * Establish a function resolver.
 140        *
 141        * <p>A {@code NullPointerException} is thrown if {@code resolver} is {@code null}.
 142        *
 143        * @param resolver XPath function resolver.
 144        *
 145        * @throws NullPointerException If {@code resolver} is {@code null}.
 146        */
 147     public void setXPathFunctionResolver(XPathFunctionResolver resolver);
 148 
 149     /**
 150        * Return the current function resolver.
 151        * <p>
 152        * {@code null} is returned in no function resolver is in effect.
 153        *
 154        * @return Current function resolver.
 155        */
 156     public XPathFunctionResolver getXPathFunctionResolver();
 157 
 158     /**
 159        * Establish a namespace context.
 160        *
 161        * <p>A {@code NullPointerException} is thrown if {@code nsContext} is {@code null}.
 162        *
 163        * @param nsContext Namespace context to use.
 164        *
 165        * @throws NullPointerException If {@code nsContext} is {@code null}.
 166        */
 167     public void setNamespaceContext(NamespaceContext nsContext);
 168 
 169     /**
 170        * Return the current namespace context.
 171        *
 172        * <p>{@code null} is returned in no namespace context is in effect.
 173        *
 174        * @return Current Namespace context.
 175        */
 176     public NamespaceContext getNamespaceContext();
 177 
 178     /**
 179        * Compile an XPath expression for later evaluation.
 180        *
 181        * <p>If {@code expression} contains any {@link XPathFunction}s,
 182        * they must be available via the {@link XPathFunctionResolver}.
 183        * An {@link XPathExpressionException} will be thrown if the
 184        * {@code XPathFunction}
 185        * cannot be resovled with the {@code XPathFunctionResolver}.
 186        *
 187        * <p>If {@code expression} contains any variables, the
 188        * {@link XPathVariableResolver} in effect
 189        * <strong>at compile time</strong> will be used to resolve them.
 190        *
 191        * @param expression The XPath expression.
 192        *
 193        * @return Compiled XPath expression.
 194 
 195        * @throws XPathExpressionException If {@code expression} cannot be compiled.
 196        * @throws NullPointerException If {@code expression} is {@code null}.
 197        */
 198     public XPathExpression compile(String expression)
 199         throws XPathExpressionException;
 200 
 201     /**
 202      * Evaluate an {@code XPath} expression in the specified context and
 203      * return the result as the specified type.
 204      *
 205      * <p>
 206      * See <a href="#XPath-evaluation">Evaluation of XPath Expressions</a>
 207      * for context item evaluation, variable, function and {@code QName} resolution
 208      * and return type conversion.
 209      * <p>
 210      * The parameter {@code item} represents the context the XPath expression
 211      * will be operated on. The type of the context is implementation-dependent.
 212      * If the value is {@code null}, the operation must have no dependency on
 213      * the context, otherwise an XPathExpressionException will be thrown.
 214      *
 215      * @implNote
 216      * The type of the context is usually {@link org.w3c.dom.Node}.
 217      *
 218      * @param expression The XPath expression.
 219      * @param item The context the XPath expression will be evaluated in.
 220      * @param returnType The result type expected to be returned by the XPath expression.
 221      *
 222      * @return The result of evaluating an XPath expression as an {@code Object} of {@code returnType}.
 223      *
 224      * @throws XPathExpressionException If {@code expression} cannot be evaluated.
 225      * @throws IllegalArgumentException If {@code returnType} is not one of the types defined in {@link XPathConstants} (
 226      * {@link XPathConstants#NUMBER NUMBER},
 227      * {@link XPathConstants#STRING STRING},
 228      * {@link XPathConstants#BOOLEAN BOOLEAN},
 229      * {@link XPathConstants#NODE NODE} or
 230      * {@link XPathConstants#NODESET NODESET}).
 231      * @throws NullPointerException If {@code expression or returnType} is {@code null}.
 232      */
 233     public Object evaluate(String expression, Object item, QName returnType)
 234         throws XPathExpressionException;
 235 
 236     /**
 237      * Evaluate an XPath expression in the specified context and return the result as a {@code String}.
 238      *
 239      * <p>This method calls {@link #evaluate(String expression, Object item, QName returnType)} with a {@code returnType} of
 240      * {@link XPathConstants#STRING}.
 241      *
 242      * <p>See <a href="#XPath-evaluation">Evaluation of XPath Expressions</a> for context item evaluation,
 243      * variable, function and QName resolution and return type conversion.
 244      *
 245      * <p>
 246      * The parameter {@code item} represents the context the XPath expression
 247      * will be operated on. The type of the context is implementation-dependent.
 248      * If the value is {@code null}, the operation must have no dependency on
 249      * the context, otherwise an XPathExpressionException will be thrown.
 250      *
 251      * @implNote
 252      * The type of the context is usually {@link org.w3c.dom.Node}.
 253      *
 254      * @param expression The XPath expression.
 255      * @param item The context the XPath expression will be evaluated in.
 256      *
 257      * @return The result of evaluating an XPath expression as a {@code String}.
 258      *
 259      * @throws XPathExpressionException If {@code expression} cannot be evaluated.
 260      * @throws NullPointerException If {@code expression} is {@code null}.
 261      */
 262     public String evaluate(String expression, Object item)
 263         throws XPathExpressionException;
 264 
 265     /**
 266      * Evaluate an XPath expression in the context of the specified {@code InputSource}
 267      * and return the result as the specified type.
 268      *
 269      * <p>This method builds a data model for the {@link InputSource} and calls
 270      * {@link #evaluate(String expression, Object item, QName returnType)} on the resulting document object.
 271      *
 272      * <p>See <a href="#XPath-evaluation">Evaluation of XPath Expressions</a> for context item evaluation,
 273      * variable, function and QName resolution and return type conversion.
 274      *
 275      * @param expression The XPath expression.
 276      * @param source The input source of the document to evaluate over.
 277      * @param returnType The desired return type.
 278      *
 279      * @return The {@code Object} that encapsulates the result of evaluating the expression.
 280      *
 281      * @throws XPathExpressionException If expression cannot be evaluated.
 282      * @throws IllegalArgumentException If {@code returnType} is not one of the types defined in {@link XPathConstants}.
 283      * @throws NullPointerException If {@code expression, source or returnType} is {@code null}.
 284      */
 285     public Object evaluate(
 286         String expression,
 287         InputSource source,
 288         QName returnType)
 289         throws XPathExpressionException;
 290 
 291     /**
 292      * Evaluate an XPath expression in the context of the specified {@code InputSource}
 293      * and return the result as a {@code String}.
 294      *
 295      * <p>This method calls {@link #evaluate(String expression, InputSource source, QName returnType)} with a
 296      * {@code returnType} of {@link XPathConstants#STRING}.
 297      *
 298      * <p>See <a href="#XPath-evaluation">Evaluation of XPath Expressions</a> for context item evaluation,
 299      * variable, function and QName resolution and return type conversion.
 300      *
 301      * @param expression The XPath expression.
 302      * @param source The {@code InputSource} of the document to evaluate over.
 303      *
 304      * @return The {@code String} that is the result of evaluating the expression and
 305      *   converting the result to a {@code String}.
 306      *
 307      * @throws XPathExpressionException If expression cannot be evaluated.
 308      * @throws NullPointerException If {@code expression or source} is {@code null}.
 309      */
 310     public String evaluate(String expression, InputSource source)
 311         throws XPathExpressionException;
 312 
 313     /**
 314      * Evaluate an XPath expression in the specified context and return
 315      * the result with the type specified through the {@code class type}
 316      *
 317      * <p>
 318      * The parameter {@code item} represents the context the XPath expression
 319      * will be operated on. The type of the context is implementation-dependent.
 320      * If the value is {@code null}, the operation must have no dependency on
 321      * the context, otherwise an XPathExpressionException will be thrown.
 322      *
 323      * @implNote
 324      * The type of the context is usually {@link org.w3c.dom.Node}.
 325      *
 326      * @implSpec
 327      * The default implementation in the XPath API is equivalent to:
 328      * <pre> {@code
 329      *     (T)evaluate(expression, item,
 330      *           XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType.getQNameType(type));
 331      * }</pre>
 332      *
 333      * Since the {@code evaluate} method does not support the
 334      * {@link XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType#ANY ANY} type, specifying
 335      * XPathEvaluationResult as the type will result in IllegalArgumentException.
 336      * Any implementation supporting the
 337      * {@link XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType#ANY ANY} type must override
 338      * this method.
 339      *
 340      * @param <T> The class type that will be returned by the XPath expression.
 341      * @param expression The XPath expression.
 342      * @param item The context the XPath expression will be evaluated in.
 343      * @param type The class type expected to be returned by the XPath expression.
 344      *
 345      * @return The result of evaluating the expression.
 346      *
 347      * @throws XPathExpressionException If the expression cannot be evaluated.
 348      * @throws IllegalArgumentException If {@code type} is not of the types
 349      * corresponding to the types defined in the {@link XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType},
 350      * or XPathEvaluationResult is specified as the type but an implementation supporting the
 351      * {@link XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType#ANY ANY} type is not available.
 352      * @throws NullPointerException If {@code expression or type} is {@code null}.
 353      *
 354      * @since 1.9
 355      */
 356     default <T>T evaluateExpression(String expression, Object item, Class<T> type)
 357         throws XPathExpressionException {
 358         return (T)evaluate(expression, item,
 359                 XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType.getQNameType(type));
 360     }
 361 
 362     /**
 363      * Evaluate an XPath expression in the specified context. This is equivalent to
 364      * calling {@link #evaluateExpression(String expression, Object item, Class type)}
 365      * with type {@link XPathEvaluationResult}:
 366      * <pre> {@code
 367      *     evaluateExpression(expression, item, XPathEvaluationResult.class);
 368      * }</pre>
 369      * <p>
 370      * The parameter {@code item} represents the context the XPath expression
 371      * will be operated on. The type of the context is implementation-dependent.
 372      * If the value is {@code null}, the operation must have no dependency on
 373      * the context, otherwise an XPathExpressionException will be thrown.
 374      *
 375      * @implNote
 376      * The type of the context is usually {@link org.w3c.dom.Node}.
 377      *
 378      * @implSpec
 379      * The default implementation in the XPath API is equivalent to:
 380      * <pre> {@code
 381      *     evaluateExpression(expression, item, XPathEvaluationResult.class);
 382      * }</pre>
 383      *
 384      * Since the {@code evaluate} method does not support the
 385      * {@link XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType#ANY ANY}
 386      * type, the default implementation of this method will always throw an
 387      * IllegalArgumentException. Any implementation supporting the
 388      * {@link XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType#ANY ANY} type must therefore
 389      * override this method.
 390      *
 391      * @param expression The XPath expression.
 392      * @param item The context the XPath expression will be evaluated in.
 393      *
 394      * @return The result of evaluating the expression.
 395      *
 396      * @throws XPathExpressionException If the expression cannot be evaluated.
 397      * @throws IllegalArgumentException If the implementation of this method
 398      * does not support the
 399      * {@link XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType#ANY ANY} type.
 400      * @throws NullPointerException If {@code expression} is {@code null}.
 401      *
 402      * @since 1.9
 403      */
 404     default XPathEvaluationResult<?> evaluateExpression(String expression, Object item)
 405         throws XPathExpressionException
 406     {
 407         return evaluateExpression(expression, item, XPathEvaluationResult.class);
 408     }
 409 
 410     /**
 411      * Evaluate an XPath expression in the context of the specified {@code source}
 412      * and return the result as specified.
 413      * <p>
 414      * This method builds a data model for the {@link InputSource} and calls
 415      * {@link #evaluateExpression(String expression, Object item, Class type)}
 416      * on the resulting document object. The data model is usually
 417      * {@link org.w3c.dom.Document}
 418      *
 419      * @implSpec
 420      * The default implementation in the XPath API is equivalent to:
 421      * <pre> {@code
 422            (T)evaluate(expression, source,
 423                 XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType.getQNameType(type));
 424      * }</pre>
 425      *
 426      * Since the {@code evaluate} method does not support the
 427      * {@link XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType#ANY ANY} type, specifying
 428      * XPathEvaluationResult as the type will result in IllegalArgumentException.
 429      * Any implementation supporting the
 430      * {@link XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType#ANY ANY} type must override
 431      * this method.
 432      *
 433      * @param <T> The class type that will be returned by the XPath expression.
 434      * @param expression The XPath expression.
 435      * @param source The input source of the document to evaluate over.
 436      * @param type The class type expected to be returned by the XPath expression.
 437      *
 438      * @return The result of evaluating the expression.
 439      *
 440      * @throws XPathExpressionException If the expression cannot be evaluated.
 441      * @throws IllegalArgumentException If {@code type} is not of the types
 442      * corresponding to the types defined in the {@link XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType
 443      * XPathResultType}, or XPathEvaluationResult is specified as the type but an
 444      * implementation supporting the
 445      * {@link XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType#ANY ANY} type is not available.
 446      * @throws NullPointerException If {@code expression, source or type}is {@code null}.
 447      *
 448      * @since 1.9
 449      */
 450     default <T>T evaluateExpression(String expression, InputSource source, Class<T> type)
 451         throws XPathExpressionException
 452     {
 453         return (T)evaluate(expression, source,
 454                 XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType.getQNameType(type));
 455     }
 456 
 457     /**
 458      * Evaluate an XPath expression in the specified context. This is equivalent to
 459      * calling {@link #evaluateExpression(String expression, Object item, Class type)}
 460      * with type {@link XPathEvaluationResult}:
 461      * <pre> {@code
 462      *     evaluateExpression(expression, item, XPathEvaluationResult.class);
 463      * }</pre>
 464      * <p>
 465      *
 466      * @implSpec
 467      * The default implementation in the XPath API is equivalent to:
 468      * <pre> {@code
 469      *     evaluateExpression(expression, source, XPathEvaluationResult.class);
 470      * }</pre>
 471      *
 472      * Since the {@code evaluate} method does not support the
 473      * {@link XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType#ANY ANY}
 474      * type, the default implementation of this method will always throw an
 475      * IllegalArgumentException. Any implementation supporting the
 476      * {@link XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType#ANY ANY} type must therefore
 477      * override this method.
 478      *
 479      * @param expression The XPath expression.
 480      * @param source The input source of the document to evaluate over.
 481      *
 482      * @return The result of evaluating the expression.
 483      *
 484      * @throws XPathExpressionException If the expression cannot be evaluated.
 485      * @throws IllegalArgumentException If the implementation of this method
 486      * does not support the
 487      * {@link XPathEvaluationResult.XPathResultType#ANY ANY} type.
 488      * @throws NullPointerException If {@code expression or source} is {@code null}.
 489      *
 490      * @since 1.9
 491      */
 492     default XPathEvaluationResult<?> evaluateExpression(String expression, InputSource source)
 493         throws XPathExpressionException
 494     {
 495         return evaluateExpression(expression, source, XPathEvaluationResult.class);
 496     }
 497 }