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*** 307,324 ****
--- 307,428 ----
# See Asia/Bangkok.
# China
+ # From Phake Nick (2020-04-15):
+ # According to this news report:
+ # http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2004-09-01/19524201403.shtml
+ # on April 11, 1919, newspaper in Shanghai said clocks in Shanghai will spring
+ # forward for an hour starting from midnight of that Saturday. The report did
+ # not mention what happened in Shanghai thereafter, but it mentioned that a
+ # similar trial in Tianjin which ended at October 1st as citizens are told to
+ # recede the clock on September 30 from 12:00pm to 11:00pm. The trial at
+ # Tianjin got terminated in 1920.
+ #
+ # From Paul Eggert (2020-04-15):
+ # The Returns of Trade and Trade Reports, page 711, says "Daylight saving was
+ # given a trial during the year, and from the 12th April to the 1st October
+ # the clocks were all set one hour ahead of sun time. Though the scheme was
+ # generally esteemed a success, it was announced early in 1920 that it would
+ # not be repeated."
+ #
+ # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+ Rule Shang 1919 only - Apr 12 24:00 1:00 D
+ Rule Shang 1919 only - Sep 30 24:00 0 S
+
# From Paul Eggert (2018-10-02):
# The following comes from Table 1 of:
# Li Yu. Research on the daylight saving movement in 1940s Shanghai.
# Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences. 2014;(2):144-50.
# http://oversea.cnki.net/kns55/detail.aspx?dbname=CJFD2014&filename=NJSH201402020
# The table lists dates only; I am guessing 00:00 and 24:00 transition times.
# Also, the table lists the planned end of DST in 1949, but the corresponding
# zone line cuts this off on May 28, when the Communists took power.
+
+ # From Phake Nick (2020-04-15):
+ #
+ # For the history of time in Shanghai between 1940-1942, the situation is
+ # actually slightly more complex than the table [below].... At the time,
+ # there were three different authorities in Shanghai, including Shanghai
+ # International Settlement, a settlement established by western countries with
+ # its own westernized form of government, Shanghai French Concession, similar
+ # to the international settlement but is controlled by French, and then the
+ # rest of the city of Shanghai, which have already been controlled by Japanese
+ # force through a puppet local government (Wang Jingwei regime). It was
+ # additionally complicated by the circumstances that, according to the 1940s
+ # Shanghai summer time essay cited in the database, some
+ # departments/businesses/people in the Shanghai city itself during that time
+ # period, refused to change their clock and instead only changed their opening
+ # hours.
+ #
+ # For example, as quoted in the article, in 1940, other than the authority
+ # itself, power, tram, bus companies, cinema, department stores, and other
+ # public service organizations have all decided to follow the summer time and
+ # spring forward the clock. On the other hand, the custom office refused to
+ # spring forward the clock because of worry on mechanical wear to the physical
+ # clock, postal office refused to spring forward because of disruption to
+ # business and log-keeping, although they did changed their office hour to
+ # match rest of the city. So is travel agents, and also weather
+ # observatory. It is said both time standards had their own supporters in the
+ # city at the time, those who prefer new time standard would have moved their
+ # clock while those who prefer the old time standard would keep their clock
+ # unchange, and there were different clocks that use different time standard
+ # in the city at the time for people who use different time standard to adjust
+ # their clock to their preferred time.
+ #
+ # a. For the 1940 May 31 spring forward, the essay claim that it was
+ # coordinared between the international settlement authority and the French
+ # concession authority and have gathered support from Hong Kong and Xiamen,
+ # that it would spring forward an hour from May 31 "midnight", and the essay
+ # claim "Hong Kong government implemented the spring forward in the same time
+ # on the same date as Shanghai".
+ #
+ # b. For the 1940 fall back, it was said that they initially intended to do
+ # so on September 30 00:59 at night, however they postponed it to October 12
+ # after discussion with relevant parties. However schools restored to the
+ # original schedule ten days earlier.
+ #
+ # c. For the 1941 spring forward, it is said to start from March 15
+ # "following the previous year's method", and in addition to that the essay
+ # cited an announcement in 1941 from the Wang regime which said the Special
+ # City of Shanghai under Wang regime control will follow the DST rule set by
+ # the Settlements, irrespective of the original DST plan announced by the Wang
+ # regime for other area under its control(April 1 to September 30). (no idea
+ # to situation before that announcement)
+ #
+ # d. For the 1941 fall back, it was said that the fall back would occurs at
+ # the end of September (A newspaper headline cited by the essay, published on
+ # October 1, 1941, have the headlines which said "French Concession would
+ # rewind to the old clock this morning), but it ultimately didn't happen due
+ # to disagreement between the international settlement authority and the
+ # French concession authority, and the fall back ultimately occurred on
+ # November 1.
+ #
+ # e. In 1941 December, Japan have officially started war with the United
+ # States and the United Kingdom, and in Shanghai they have marched into the
+ # international settlement, taken over its control
+ #
+ # f. For the 1942 spring forward, the essay said that the spring forward
+ # started on January 31. It said this time the custom office and postal
+ # department will also change their clocks, unlike before.
+ #
+ # g. The essay itself didn't cover any specific changes thereafter until the
+ # end of the war, it quoted a November 1942 command from the government of the
+ # Wang regime, which claim the daylight saving time applies year round during
+ # the war. However, the essay ambiguously said the period is "February 1 to
+ # September 30", which I don't really understand what is the meaning of such
+ # period in the context of year round implementation here.. More researches
+ # might be needed to show exactly what happened during that period of time.
+
+ # From Phake Nick (2020-04-15):
+ # According to a Japanese tour bus pamphlet in Nanjing area believed to be
+ # from around year 1941: http://www.tt-museum.jp/tairiku_0280_nan1941.html ,
+ # the schedule listed was in the format of Japanese time. Which indicate some
+ # use of the Japanese time (instead of syncing by DST) might have occurred in
+ # the Yangtze river delta area during that period of time although the scope
+ # of such use will need to be investigated to determine.
#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
Rule Shang 1940 only - Oct 12 24:00 0 S
Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D
*** 593,615 ****
# / Wulumuqi. (Please use Asia/Shanghai if you prefer Beijing time.)
Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928
6:00 - +06
! # Hong Kong (Xianggang)
# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this.
# From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24):
# I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong
# Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually,
# it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK,
# and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing
# and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I
! # think 3:30 is correct. The official DST record for Hong Kong can be
! # obtained from
! # http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm
# From Phake Nick (2018-10-27):
# According to Singaporean newspaper
# http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/singfreepresswk19041102-1.2.37
# the day that Hong Kong start using GMT+8 should be Oct 30, 1904.
--- 697,717 ----
# / Wulumuqi. (Please use Asia/Shanghai if you prefer Beijing time.)
Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928
6:00 - +06
! # Hong Kong
# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this.
# From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24):
# I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong
# Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually,
# it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK,
# and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing
# and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I
! # think 3:30 is correct.
# From Phake Nick (2018-10-27):
# According to Singaporean newspaper
# http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/singfreepresswk19041102-1.2.37
# the day that Hong Kong start using GMT+8 should be Oct 30, 1904.
*** 716,729 ****
# Interpretation and General Clauses (Amendment) Ordinance 1977
# https://i.imgur.com/RaNqnc4.jpg
# Resolution of the Legislative Council passed on 9 May 1979
# https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr78-79/english/lc_sitg/hansard/h790509.pdf#page=39
! # From Paul Eggert (2019-05-31):
# Here are the dates given at
! # https://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm
! # as of 2014-06-19:
# Year Period
# 1941 15 Jun to 30 Sep
# 1942 Whole year
# 1943 Whole year
# 1944 Whole year
--- 818,831 ----
# Interpretation and General Clauses (Amendment) Ordinance 1977
# https://i.imgur.com/RaNqnc4.jpg
# Resolution of the Legislative Council passed on 9 May 1979
# https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr78-79/english/lc_sitg/hansard/h790509.pdf#page=39
! # From Paul Eggert (2020-04-15):
# Here are the dates given at
! # https://www.hko.gov.hk/en/gts/time/Summertime.htm
! # as of 2020-02-10:
# Year Period
# 1941 15 Jun to 30 Sep
# 1942 Whole year
# 1943 Whole year
# 1944 Whole year
*** 1849,1858 ****
--- 1951,2001 ----
# Japan
# '9:00' and 'JST' is from Guy Harris.
+ # From Paul Eggert (2020-01-19):
+ # Starting in the 7th century, Japan generally followed an ancient Chinese
+ # timekeeping system that divided night and day into six hours each,
+ # with hour length depending on season. In 1873 the government
+ # started requiring the use of a Western style 24-hour clock. See:
+ # Yulia Frumer, "Making Time: Astronomical Time Measurement in Tokugawa Japan"
+ # <https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1043907065>. As the tzdb code and
+ # data support only 24-hour clocks, its tables model timestamps before
+ # 1873 using Western-style local mean time.
+
+ # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
+ # 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
+ # Observatory: 139° 44' 40.90" E (9h 18m 58.727s), 35° 39' 16.0" N.
+ # This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996'
+ # edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan....
+ # JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
+ # The law is enacted on 1886-07-07.
+
+ # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
+ # The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan,
+ # which stands for the time on 135° E.
+ # In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central
+ # standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard
+ # time", which stands for the time on 120° E.... But "western standard
+ # time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No.
+ # 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is
+ # standard....
+ #
+ # I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate.
+ # In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor.
+
+ # From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12):
+ # ...the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of Meiji Year 28 "The clause
+ # about standard time" ... The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896.
+ # https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時)
+ #
+ # ...the Showa Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 ... which
+ # means the whole Japan territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan
+ # Central Time (UT+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937.
+ # https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件
+
# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06):
# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had
# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but "the system was discontinued
# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours."
*** 1897,1937 ****
Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sat>=1 24:00 1:00 D
Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 25:00 0 S
Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sat>=1 24:00 1:00 D
Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sat>=1 24:00 1:00 D
- # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09):
- # 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical
- # Observatory: 139° 44' 40.90" E (9h 18m 58.727s), 35° 39' 16.0" N.
- # This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996'
- # edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan....
- # JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST).
- # The law is enacted on 1886-07-07.
-
- # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16):
- # The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan,
- # which stands for the time on 135° E.
- # In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central
- # standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard
- # time", which stands for the time on 120° E.... But "western standard
- # time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No.
- # 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is
- # standard....
- #
- # I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate.
- # In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor.
-
- # From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12):
- # ...the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of Meiji Year 28 "The clause
- # about standard time" ... The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896.
- # https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時)
- #
- # ...the Showa Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 ... which
- # means the whole Japan territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan
- # Central Time (UT+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937.
- # https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件
-
# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u
9:00 Japan J%sT
# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo,
# except that Truk (Chuuk), Ponape (Pohnpei), and Jaluit (Kosrae) did not
--- 2040,2049 ----
*** 3107,3150 ****
# From Sharef Mustafa (2016-10-19):
# [T]he Palestinian cabinet decision (Mar 8th 2016) published on
# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/WebSite/Upload/Decree/GOV_17/16032016134830.pdf
# states that summer time will end on Oct 29th at 01:00.
- #
- # From Tim Parenti (2016-10-19):
- # Predict fall transitions on October's last Saturday at 01:00 from now on.
- # This is consistent with the 2016 transition as well as our spring
- # predictions.
- #
- # From Paul Eggert (2016-10-19):
- # It's also consistent with predictions in the following URLs today:
- # https://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/gaza-strip/gaza
- # https://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/west-bank/hebron
# From Sharef Mustafa (2018-03-16):
! # Palestine summer time will start on Mar 24th 2018 by advancing the
! # clock by 60 minutes as per Palestinian cabinet decision published on
! # the official website, though the decree did not specify the exact
! # time of the time shift.
# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/Website/AR/NDecrees/ViewFile.ashx?ID=e7a42ab7-ee23-435a-b9c8-a4f7e81f3817
# From Even Scharning (2019-03-23):
# http://pnn.ps/news/401130
# http://palweather.ps/ar/node/50136.html
#
# From Sharif Mustafa (2019-03-26):
# The Palestinian cabinet announced today that the switch to DST will
# be on Fri Mar 29th 2019 by advancing the clock by 60 minutes.
- # The decree signing date is Mar 12th but it was not published till today.
- # The decree does not specify the exact time of switch.
# http://palestinecabinet.gov.ps/Website/AR/NDecrees/ViewFile.ashx?ID=e54e9ea1-50ee-4137-84df-0d6c78da259b
#
# From Even Scharning (2019-04-10):
# Our source in Palestine said it happened Friday 29 at 00:00 local time....
#
# From Paul Eggert (2019-04-10):
# For now, guess spring-ahead transitions are March's last Friday at 00:00.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
--- 3219,3254 ----
# From Sharef Mustafa (2016-10-19):
# [T]he Palestinian cabinet decision (Mar 8th 2016) published on
# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/WebSite/Upload/Decree/GOV_17/16032016134830.pdf
# states that summer time will end on Oct 29th at 01:00.
# From Sharef Mustafa (2018-03-16):
! # Palestine summer time will start on Mar 24th 2018 ...
# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/Website/AR/NDecrees/ViewFile.ashx?ID=e7a42ab7-ee23-435a-b9c8-a4f7e81f3817
# From Even Scharning (2019-03-23):
# http://pnn.ps/news/401130
# http://palweather.ps/ar/node/50136.html
#
# From Sharif Mustafa (2019-03-26):
# The Palestinian cabinet announced today that the switch to DST will
# be on Fri Mar 29th 2019 by advancing the clock by 60 minutes.
# http://palestinecabinet.gov.ps/Website/AR/NDecrees/ViewFile.ashx?ID=e54e9ea1-50ee-4137-84df-0d6c78da259b
#
# From Even Scharning (2019-04-10):
# Our source in Palestine said it happened Friday 29 at 00:00 local time....
+
+ # From Sharef Mustafa (2019-10-18):
+ # Palestine summer time will end on midnight Oct 26th 2019 ...
+ # http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/website/ar/ViewDetails?ID=43948
#
# From Paul Eggert (2019-04-10):
# For now, guess spring-ahead transitions are March's last Friday at 00:00.
+ #
+ # From Tim Parenti (2016-10-19):
+ # Predict fall transitions on October's last Saturday at 01:00 from now on.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S
Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S
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