555 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
556 Rule Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 2:00u -1:00 -
557 Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00u 0 -
558 Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00u -1:00 -
559 Rule Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 0 -
560 Rule Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u -1:00 -
561 Rule Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u -1:00 -
562 Rule Eire 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u -1:00 -
563
564 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
565 Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:00 - LMT 1880 Aug 2
566 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00s
567 -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s
568 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1921 Dec 6 # independence
569 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00s
570 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00s
571 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00s
572 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00s
573 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00s
574 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1968 Oct 27
575 # The next line is for when negative SAVE values are used.
576 1:00 Eire IST/GMT
577 # These three lines are for when SAVE values are always nonnegative.
578 # 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u
579 # 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996
580 # 0:00 EU GMT/IST
581
582
583 ###############################################################################
584
585 # Europe
586
587 # The following rules are for the European Union and for its
588 # predecessor organization, the European Communities.
589 # For brevity they are called "EU rules" elsewhere in this file.
590
591 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
592 Rule EU 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00u 1:00 S
593 Rule EU 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 -
594 Rule EU 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00u 0 -
595 Rule EU 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 -
596 Rule EU 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
597 Rule EU 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
598 # The most recent directive covers the years starting in 2002. See:
599 # Directive 2000/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
600 # of 19 January 2001 on summer-time arrangements.
1024 # From Paul Eggert (2018-04-15):
1025 # The source for Czech data is: Kdy začíná a končí letní čas. 2018-04-15.
1026 # https://kalendar.beda.cz/kdy-zacina-a-konci-letni-cas
1027 # We know of no English-language name for historical Czech winter time;
1028 # abbreviate it as "GMT", as it happened to be GMT.
1029 #
1030 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1031 Rule Czech 1945 only - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
1032 Rule Czech 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 -
1033 Rule Czech 1946 only - May 6 2:00s 1:00 S
1034 Rule Czech 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
1035 Rule Czech 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S
1036 Rule Czech 1949 only - Apr 9 2:00s 1:00 S
1037 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1038 Zone Europe/Prague 0:57:44 - LMT 1850
1039 0:57:44 - PMT 1891 Oct # Prague Mean Time
1040 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 9
1041 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1946 Dec 1 3:00
1042 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST.
1043 1:00 -1:00 GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00
1044 # Rearguard section, for parsers that do not support negative DST.
1045 # 0:00 - GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00
1046 # End of rearguard section.
1047 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1979
1048 1:00 EU CE%sT
1049 # Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia.
1050
1051 # Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland
1052
1053 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-04-26):
1054 # http://www.hum.aau.dk/~poe/tid/tine/DanskTid.htm says that the law
1055 # [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01....
1056 # The page http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A18930008330-REGL
1057 # confirms this, and states that the law was put forth 1893-03-29.
1058 #
1059 # The EU [actually, EEC and Euratom] treaty with effect from 1973:
1060 # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19722110030-REGL
1061 #
1062 # This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes
1063 # in subsequent decrees with the law
1064 # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19740022330-REGL
1181
1182 # From J William Piggott (2016-02-20):
1183 # "Greenland north of the community of Scoresbysund" is officially named
1184 # "National Park" by Executive Order:
1185 # http://naalakkersuisut.gl/~/media/Nanoq/Files/Attached%20Files/Engelske-tekster/Legislation/Executive%20Order%20National%20Park.rtf
1186 # It is their only National Park.
1187 #
1188 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1189 Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1190 Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1191 Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1192 Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1193 Rule Thule 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1194 Rule Thule 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1195 #
1196 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1197 Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 - LMT 1916 Jul 28
1198 -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00
1199 -3:00 EU -03/-02 1996
1200 0:00 - GMT
1201 Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:27:52 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit
1202 -2:00 - -02 1980 Apr 6 2:00
1203 -2:00 C-Eur -02/-01 1981 Mar 29
1204 -1:00 EU -01/+00
1205 Zone America/Godthab -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Nuuk
1206 -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00
1207 -3:00 EU -03/-02
1208 Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base
1209 -4:00 Thule A%sT
1210
1211 # Estonia
1212 #
1213 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
1214 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
1215 #
1216 # From Peter Ilieve (1994-10-15):
1217 # A relative in Tallinn confirms the accuracy of the data for 1989 onwards
1218 # [through 1994] and gives the legal authority for it,
1219 # a regulation of the Government of Estonia, No. 111 of 1989....
1220 #
1221 # From Peter Ilieve (1996-10-28):
1222 # [IATA SSIM (1992/1996) claims that the Baltic republics switch at 01:00s,
1223 # but a relative confirms that Estonia still switches at 02:00s, writing:]
1224 # "I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different
1225 # (confusing) rules for International Air and Railway Transport Schedules
1226 # conversion in Sunday connected with end of summer time in Estonia....
1227 # A discussion is running about the summer time efficiency and effect on
1228 # human physiology. It seems that Estonia maybe will not change to
1558 Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 1:00 1:00 S
1559 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1560 Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Oct
1561 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918
1562 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 8
1563 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945
1564 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1980 Sep 28 2:00s
1565 1:00 EU CE%sT
1566
1567 # Iceland
1568 #
1569 # From Adam David (1993-11-06):
1570 # The name of the timezone in Iceland for system / mail / news purposes is GMT.
1571 #
1572 # (1993-12-05):
1573 # This material is paraphrased from the 1988 edition of the University of
1574 # Iceland Almanak.
1575 #
1576 # From January 1st, 1908 the whole of Iceland was standardised at 1 hour
1577 # behind GMT. Previously, local mean solar time was used in different parts
1578 # of Iceland, the almanak had been based on Reykjavik mean solar time which
1579 # was 1 hour and 28 minutes behind GMT.
1580 #
1581 # "first day of winter" referred to [below] means the first day of the 26 weeks
1582 # of winter, according to the old icelandic calendar that dates back to the
1583 # time the norsemen first settled Iceland. The first day of winter is always
1584 # Saturday, but is not dependent on the Julian or Gregorian calendars.
1585 #
1586 # (1993-12-10):
1587 # I have a reference from the Oxford Icelandic-English dictionary for the
1588 # beginning of winter, which ties it to the ecclesiastical calendar (and thus
1589 # to the julian/gregorian calendar) over the period in question.
1590 # the winter begins on the Saturday next before St. Luke's day
1591 # (old style), or on St. Luke's day, if a Saturday.
1592 # St. Luke's day ought to be traceable from ecclesiastical sources. "old style"
1593 # might be a reference to the Julian calendar as opposed to Gregorian, or it
1594 # might mean something else (???).
1595 #
1596 # From Paul Eggert (2014-11-22):
1597 # The information below is taken from the 1988 Almanak; see
1598 # http://www.almanak.hi.is/klukkan.html
|
555 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
556 Rule Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 2:00u -1:00 -
557 Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00u 0 -
558 Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00u -1:00 -
559 Rule Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 0 -
560 Rule Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u -1:00 -
561 Rule Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u -1:00 -
562 Rule Eire 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u -1:00 -
563
564 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
565 Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:00 - LMT 1880 Aug 2
566 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00s
567 -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s
568 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1921 Dec 6 # independence
569 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00s
570 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00s
571 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00s
572 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00s
573 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00s
574 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1968 Oct 27
575 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST.
576 1:00 Eire IST/GMT
577 # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk.
578 # 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u
579 # 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996
580 # 0:00 EU GMT/IST
581 # End of rearguard section.
582
583
584 ###############################################################################
585
586 # Europe
587
588 # The following rules are for the European Union and for its
589 # predecessor organization, the European Communities.
590 # For brevity they are called "EU rules" elsewhere in this file.
591
592 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
593 Rule EU 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00u 1:00 S
594 Rule EU 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 -
595 Rule EU 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00u 0 -
596 Rule EU 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 -
597 Rule EU 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
598 Rule EU 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
599 # The most recent directive covers the years starting in 2002. See:
600 # Directive 2000/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
601 # of 19 January 2001 on summer-time arrangements.
1025 # From Paul Eggert (2018-04-15):
1026 # The source for Czech data is: Kdy začíná a končí letní čas. 2018-04-15.
1027 # https://kalendar.beda.cz/kdy-zacina-a-konci-letni-cas
1028 # We know of no English-language name for historical Czech winter time;
1029 # abbreviate it as "GMT", as it happened to be GMT.
1030 #
1031 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1032 Rule Czech 1945 only - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S
1033 Rule Czech 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 -
1034 Rule Czech 1946 only - May 6 2:00s 1:00 S
1035 Rule Czech 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
1036 Rule Czech 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S
1037 Rule Czech 1949 only - Apr 9 2:00s 1:00 S
1038 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1039 Zone Europe/Prague 0:57:44 - LMT 1850
1040 0:57:44 - PMT 1891 Oct # Prague Mean Time
1041 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 9
1042 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1946 Dec 1 3:00
1043 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST.
1044 1:00 -1:00 GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00
1045 # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk.
1046 # 0:00 - GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00
1047 # End of rearguard section.
1048 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1979
1049 1:00 EU CE%sT
1050 # Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia.
1051
1052 # Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland
1053
1054 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-04-26):
1055 # http://www.hum.aau.dk/~poe/tid/tine/DanskTid.htm says that the law
1056 # [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01....
1057 # The page http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A18930008330-REGL
1058 # confirms this, and states that the law was put forth 1893-03-29.
1059 #
1060 # The EU [actually, EEC and Euratom] treaty with effect from 1973:
1061 # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19722110030-REGL
1062 #
1063 # This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes
1064 # in subsequent decrees with the law
1065 # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19740022330-REGL
1182
1183 # From J William Piggott (2016-02-20):
1184 # "Greenland north of the community of Scoresbysund" is officially named
1185 # "National Park" by Executive Order:
1186 # http://naalakkersuisut.gl/~/media/Nanoq/Files/Attached%20Files/Engelske-tekster/Legislation/Executive%20Order%20National%20Park.rtf
1187 # It is their only National Park.
1188 #
1189 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1190 Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1191 Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1192 Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1193 Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1194 Rule Thule 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1195 Rule Thule 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1196 #
1197 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1198 Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 - LMT 1916 Jul 28
1199 -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00
1200 -3:00 EU -03/-02 1996
1201 0:00 - GMT
1202 #
1203 # Use the old name Scoresbysund, as the current name Ittoqqortoormiit
1204 # exceeds tzdb's 14-letter limit and has no common English abbreviation.
1205 Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:27:52 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit
1206 -2:00 - -02 1980 Apr 6 2:00
1207 -2:00 C-Eur -02/-01 1981 Mar 29
1208 -1:00 EU -01/+00
1209 Zone America/Nuuk -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Godthåb
1210 -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00
1211 -3:00 EU -03/-02
1212 Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik
1213 -4:00 Thule A%sT
1214
1215 # Estonia
1216 #
1217 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
1218 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14).
1219 #
1220 # From Peter Ilieve (1994-10-15):
1221 # A relative in Tallinn confirms the accuracy of the data for 1989 onwards
1222 # [through 1994] and gives the legal authority for it,
1223 # a regulation of the Government of Estonia, No. 111 of 1989....
1224 #
1225 # From Peter Ilieve (1996-10-28):
1226 # [IATA SSIM (1992/1996) claims that the Baltic republics switch at 01:00s,
1227 # but a relative confirms that Estonia still switches at 02:00s, writing:]
1228 # "I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different
1229 # (confusing) rules for International Air and Railway Transport Schedules
1230 # conversion in Sunday connected with end of summer time in Estonia....
1231 # A discussion is running about the summer time efficiency and effect on
1232 # human physiology. It seems that Estonia maybe will not change to
1562 Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 1:00 1:00 S
1563 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1564 Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Oct
1565 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918
1566 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 8
1567 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945
1568 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1980 Sep 28 2:00s
1569 1:00 EU CE%sT
1570
1571 # Iceland
1572 #
1573 # From Adam David (1993-11-06):
1574 # The name of the timezone in Iceland for system / mail / news purposes is GMT.
1575 #
1576 # (1993-12-05):
1577 # This material is paraphrased from the 1988 edition of the University of
1578 # Iceland Almanak.
1579 #
1580 # From January 1st, 1908 the whole of Iceland was standardised at 1 hour
1581 # behind GMT. Previously, local mean solar time was used in different parts
1582 # of Iceland, the almanak had been based on Reykjavík mean solar time which
1583 # was 1 hour and 28 minutes behind GMT.
1584 #
1585 # "first day of winter" referred to [below] means the first day of the 26 weeks
1586 # of winter, according to the old icelandic calendar that dates back to the
1587 # time the norsemen first settled Iceland. The first day of winter is always
1588 # Saturday, but is not dependent on the Julian or Gregorian calendars.
1589 #
1590 # (1993-12-10):
1591 # I have a reference from the Oxford Icelandic-English dictionary for the
1592 # beginning of winter, which ties it to the ecclesiastical calendar (and thus
1593 # to the julian/gregorian calendar) over the period in question.
1594 # the winter begins on the Saturday next before St. Luke's day
1595 # (old style), or on St. Luke's day, if a Saturday.
1596 # St. Luke's day ought to be traceable from ecclesiastical sources. "old style"
1597 # might be a reference to the Julian calendar as opposed to Gregorian, or it
1598 # might mean something else (???).
1599 #
1600 # From Paul Eggert (2014-11-22):
1601 # The information below is taken from the 1988 Almanak; see
1602 # http://www.almanak.hi.is/klukkan.html
|