1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 #include <stdlib.h>
  27 #include <string.h>
  28 
  29 #include "jvm.h"
  30 #include "jni.h"
  31 #include "jni_util.h"
  32 #include "java_lang_String.h"
  33 
  34 /* Due to a bug in the win32 C runtime library strings
  35  * such as "z:" need to be appended with a "." so we
  36  * must allocate at least 4 bytes to allow room for
  37  * this expansion. See 4235353 for details.
  38  */
  39 #define MALLOC_MIN4(len) ((char *)malloc((len) + 1 < 4 ? 4 : (len) + 1))
  40 
  41 /**
  42  * Throw a Java exception by name. Similar to SignalError.
  43  */
  44 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
  45 JNU_ThrowByName(JNIEnv *env, const char *name, const char *msg)
  46 {
  47     jclass cls = (*env)->FindClass(env, name);
  48 
  49     if (cls != 0) /* Otherwise an exception has already been thrown */
  50         (*env)->ThrowNew(env, cls, msg);
  51 }
  52 
  53 /* JNU_Throw common exceptions */
  54 
  55 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
  56 JNU_ThrowNullPointerException(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg)
  57 {
  58     JNU_ThrowByName(env, "java/lang/NullPointerException", msg);
  59 }
  60 
  61 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
  62 JNU_ThrowArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg)
  63 {
  64     JNU_ThrowByName(env, "java/lang/ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException", msg);
  65 }
  66 
  67 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
  68 JNU_ThrowOutOfMemoryError(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg)
  69 {
  70     JNU_ThrowByName(env, "java/lang/OutOfMemoryError", msg);
  71 }
  72 
  73 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
  74 JNU_ThrowIllegalArgumentException(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg)
  75 {
  76     JNU_ThrowByName(env, "java/lang/IllegalArgumentException", msg);
  77 }
  78 
  79 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
  80 JNU_ThrowIllegalAccessError(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg)
  81 {
  82     JNU_ThrowByName(env, "java/lang/IllegalAccessError", msg);
  83 }
  84 
  85 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
  86 JNU_ThrowIllegalAccessException(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg)
  87 {
  88     JNU_ThrowByName(env, "java/lang/IllegalAccessException", msg);
  89 }
  90 
  91 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
  92 JNU_ThrowInternalError(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg)
  93 {
  94     JNU_ThrowByName(env, "java/lang/InternalError", msg);
  95 }
  96 
  97 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
  98 JNU_ThrowNoSuchFieldException(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg)
  99 {
 100     JNU_ThrowByName(env, "java/lang/NoSuchFieldException", msg);
 101 }
 102 
 103 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
 104 JNU_ThrowNoSuchMethodException(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg)
 105 {
 106     JNU_ThrowByName(env, "java/lang/NoSuchMethodException", msg);
 107 }
 108 
 109 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
 110 JNU_ThrowClassNotFoundException(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg)
 111 {
 112     JNU_ThrowByName(env, "java/lang/ClassNotFoundException", msg);
 113 }
 114 
 115 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
 116 JNU_ThrowNumberFormatException(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg)
 117 {
 118     JNU_ThrowByName(env, "java/lang/NumberFormatException", msg);
 119 }
 120 
 121 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
 122 JNU_ThrowIOException(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg)
 123 {
 124     JNU_ThrowByName(env, "java/io/IOException", msg);
 125 }
 126 
 127 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
 128 JNU_ThrowNoSuchFieldError(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg)
 129 {
 130     JNU_ThrowByName(env, "java/lang/NoSuchFieldError", msg);
 131 }
 132 
 133 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
 134 JNU_ThrowNoSuchMethodError(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg)
 135 {
 136     JNU_ThrowByName(env, "java/lang/NoSuchMethodError", msg);
 137 }
 138 
 139 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
 140 JNU_ThrowStringIndexOutOfBoundsException(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg)
 141 {
 142     JNU_ThrowByName(env, "java/lang/StringIndexOutOfBoundsException", msg);
 143 }
 144 
 145 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
 146 JNU_ThrowInstantiationException(JNIEnv *env, const char *msg)
 147 {
 148     JNU_ThrowByName(env, "java/lang/InstantiationException", msg);
 149 }
 150 
 151 /*
 152  * Throw an exception by name, using the string returned by
 153  * getLastErrorString for the detail string. If the last-error
 154  * string is NULL, use the given default detail string.
 155  */
 156 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
 157 JNU_ThrowByNameWithLastError(JNIEnv *env, const char *name,
 158                              const char *defaultDetail)
 159 {
 160     char buf[256];
 161     size_t n = getLastErrorString(buf, sizeof(buf));
 162 
 163     if (n > 0) {
 164         jstring s = JNU_NewStringPlatform(env, buf);
 165         if (s != NULL) {
 166             jobject x = JNU_NewObjectByName(env, name,
 167                                             "(Ljava/lang/String;)V", s);
 168             if (x != NULL) {
 169                 (*env)->Throw(env, x);
 170             }
 171         }
 172     }
 173     if (!(*env)->ExceptionOccurred(env)) {
 174         JNU_ThrowByName(env, name, defaultDetail);
 175     }
 176 }
 177 
 178 
 179 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
 180 JNU_ThrowByNameWithTwoMessagesAndLastError
 181   (JNIEnv *env, const char *name, const char *message1, const char *message2)
 182 {
 183     /* maybe we need to cache errno ? */
 184     size_t messagelen1 = message1 == NULL ? 0 : strlen(message1);
 185     size_t messagelen2 = message2 == NULL ? 0 : strlen(message2);
 186     size_t messageconclen = messagelen1 + messagelen2 + 3;
 187     char *strl = (char *)malloc(messageconclen * sizeof(char));
 188     if (strl == 0) {
 189         JNU_ThrowOutOfMemoryError(env, 0);
 190         return;
 191     }
 192     jio_snprintf(strl, messageconclen, "%s:%s", message1, message2);
 193     JNU_ThrowByNameWithMessageAndLastError(env, name, strl);
 194     free(strl);
 195 }
 196 
 197 /*
 198  * Throw an exception by name, using a given message and the string
 199  * returned by getLastErrorString to construct the detail string.
 200  */
 201 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
 202 JNU_ThrowByNameWithMessageAndLastError
 203   (JNIEnv *env, const char *name, const char *message)
 204 {
 205     char buf[256];
 206     size_t n = getLastErrorString(buf, sizeof(buf));
 207     size_t messagelen = message == NULL ? 0 : strlen(message);
 208 
 209     if (n > 0) {
 210         jstring s = JNU_NewStringPlatform(env, buf);
 211         if (s != NULL) {
 212             jobject x = NULL;
 213             if (messagelen) {
 214                 jstring s2 = NULL;
 215                 size_t messageextlen = messagelen + 4;
 216                 char *str1 = (char *)malloc((messageextlen) * sizeof(char));
 217                 if (str1 == 0) {
 218                     JNU_ThrowOutOfMemoryError(env, 0);
 219                     return;
 220                 }
 221                 jio_snprintf(str1, messageextlen, " (%s)", message);
 222                 s2 = (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, str1);
 223                 free(str1);
 224                 JNU_CHECK_EXCEPTION(env);
 225                 if (s2 != NULL) {
 226                     jstring s3 = JNU_CallMethodByName(
 227                                      env, NULL, s, "concat",
 228                                      "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;",
 229                                      s2).l;
 230                     (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, s2);
 231                     JNU_CHECK_EXCEPTION(env);
 232                     if (s3 != NULL) {
 233                         (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, s);
 234                         s = s3;
 235                     }
 236                 }
 237             }
 238             x = JNU_NewObjectByName(env, name, "(Ljava/lang/String;)V", s);
 239             if (x != NULL) {
 240                 (*env)->Throw(env, x);
 241             }
 242         }
 243     }
 244 
 245     if (!(*env)->ExceptionOccurred(env)) {
 246         if (messagelen) {
 247             JNU_ThrowByName(env, name, message);
 248         } else {
 249             JNU_ThrowByName(env, name, "no further information");
 250         }
 251     }
 252 }
 253 
 254 /*
 255  * Convenience method.
 256  * Call JNU_ThrowByNameWithLastError for java.io.IOException.
 257  */
 258 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
 259 JNU_ThrowIOExceptionWithLastError(JNIEnv *env, const char *defaultDetail)
 260 {
 261     JNU_ThrowByNameWithLastError(env, "java/io/IOException", defaultDetail);
 262 }
 263 
 264 
 265 JNIEXPORT jvalue JNICALL
 266 JNU_CallStaticMethodByName(JNIEnv *env,
 267                            jboolean *hasException,
 268                            const char *class_name,
 269                            const char *name,
 270                            const char *signature,
 271                            ...)
 272 {
 273     jclass clazz;
 274     jmethodID mid;
 275     va_list args;
 276     jvalue result;
 277     const char *p = signature;
 278 
 279     /* find out the return type */
 280     while (*p && *p != ')')
 281         p++;
 282     p++;
 283 
 284     result.i = 0;
 285 
 286     if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 3) < 0)
 287         goto done2;
 288 
 289     clazz = (*env)->FindClass(env, class_name);
 290     if (clazz == 0)
 291         goto done2;
 292     mid = (*env)->GetStaticMethodID(env, clazz, name, signature);
 293     if (mid == 0)
 294         goto done1;
 295     va_start(args, signature);
 296     switch (*p) {
 297     case 'V':
 298         (*env)->CallStaticVoidMethodV(env, clazz, mid, args);
 299         break;
 300     case '[':
 301     case 'L':
 302         result.l = (*env)->CallStaticObjectMethodV(env, clazz, mid, args);
 303         break;
 304     case 'Z':
 305         result.z = (*env)->CallStaticBooleanMethodV(env, clazz, mid, args);
 306         break;
 307     case 'B':
 308         result.b = (*env)->CallStaticByteMethodV(env, clazz, mid, args);
 309         break;
 310     case 'C':
 311         result.c = (*env)->CallStaticCharMethodV(env, clazz, mid, args);
 312         break;
 313     case 'S':
 314         result.s = (*env)->CallStaticShortMethodV(env, clazz, mid, args);
 315         break;
 316     case 'I':
 317         result.i = (*env)->CallStaticIntMethodV(env, clazz, mid, args);
 318         break;
 319     case 'J':
 320         result.j = (*env)->CallStaticLongMethodV(env, clazz, mid, args);
 321         break;
 322     case 'F':
 323         result.f = (*env)->CallStaticFloatMethodV(env, clazz, mid, args);
 324         break;
 325     case 'D':
 326         result.d = (*env)->CallStaticDoubleMethodV(env, clazz, mid, args);
 327         break;
 328     default:
 329         (*env)->FatalError(env, "JNU_CallStaticMethodByName: illegal signature");
 330     }
 331     va_end(args);
 332 
 333  done1:
 334     (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, clazz);
 335  done2:
 336     if (hasException) {
 337         *hasException = (*env)->ExceptionCheck(env);
 338     }
 339     return result;
 340 }
 341 
 342 JNIEXPORT jvalue JNICALL
 343 JNU_CallMethodByName(JNIEnv *env,
 344                      jboolean *hasException,
 345                      jobject obj,
 346                      const char *name,
 347                      const char *signature,
 348                      ...)
 349 {
 350     jvalue result;
 351     va_list args;
 352 
 353     va_start(args, signature);
 354     result = JNU_CallMethodByNameV(env, hasException, obj, name, signature,
 355                                    args);
 356     va_end(args);
 357 
 358     return result;
 359 }
 360 
 361 
 362 JNIEXPORT jvalue JNICALL
 363 JNU_CallMethodByNameV(JNIEnv *env,
 364                       jboolean *hasException,
 365                       jobject obj,
 366                       const char *name,
 367                       const char *signature,
 368                       va_list args)
 369 {
 370     jclass clazz;
 371     jmethodID mid;
 372     jvalue result;
 373     const char *p = signature;
 374 
 375     /* find out the return type */
 376     while (*p && *p != ')')
 377         p++;
 378     p++;
 379 
 380     result.i = 0;
 381 
 382     if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 3) < 0)
 383         goto done2;
 384 
 385     clazz = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, obj);
 386     mid = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, clazz, name, signature);
 387     if (mid == 0)
 388         goto done1;
 389 
 390     switch (*p) {
 391     case 'V':
 392         (*env)->CallVoidMethodV(env, obj, mid, args);
 393         break;
 394     case '[':
 395     case 'L':
 396         result.l = (*env)->CallObjectMethodV(env, obj, mid, args);
 397         break;
 398     case 'Z':
 399         result.z = (*env)->CallBooleanMethodV(env, obj, mid, args);
 400         break;
 401     case 'B':
 402         result.b = (*env)->CallByteMethodV(env, obj, mid, args);
 403         break;
 404     case 'C':
 405         result.c = (*env)->CallCharMethodV(env, obj, mid, args);
 406         break;
 407     case 'S':
 408         result.s = (*env)->CallShortMethodV(env, obj, mid, args);
 409         break;
 410     case 'I':
 411         result.i = (*env)->CallIntMethodV(env, obj, mid, args);
 412         break;
 413     case 'J':
 414         result.j = (*env)->CallLongMethodV(env, obj, mid, args);
 415         break;
 416     case 'F':
 417         result.f = (*env)->CallFloatMethodV(env, obj, mid, args);
 418         break;
 419     case 'D':
 420         result.d = (*env)->CallDoubleMethodV(env, obj, mid, args);
 421         break;
 422     default:
 423         (*env)->FatalError(env, "JNU_CallMethodByNameV: illegal signature");
 424     }
 425  done1:
 426     (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, clazz);
 427  done2:
 428     if (hasException) {
 429         *hasException = (*env)->ExceptionCheck(env);
 430     }
 431     return result;
 432 }
 433 
 434 JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL
 435 JNU_NewObjectByName(JNIEnv *env, const char *class_name,
 436                     const char *constructor_sig, ...)
 437 {
 438     jobject obj = NULL;
 439 
 440     jclass cls = 0;
 441     jmethodID cls_initMID;
 442     va_list args;
 443 
 444     if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 2) < 0)
 445         goto done;
 446 
 447     cls = (*env)->FindClass(env, class_name);
 448     if (cls == 0) {
 449         goto done;
 450     }
 451     cls_initMID  = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, cls,
 452                                        "<init>", constructor_sig);
 453     if (cls_initMID == NULL) {
 454         goto done;
 455     }
 456     va_start(args, constructor_sig);
 457     obj = (*env)->NewObjectV(env, cls, cls_initMID, args);
 458     va_end(args);
 459 
 460  done:
 461     (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, cls);
 462     return obj;
 463 }
 464 
 465 /* Optimized for charset ISO_8559_1 */
 466 static jstring
 467 newSizedString8859_1(JNIEnv *env, const char *str, const int len)
 468 {
 469     jchar buf[512];
 470     jchar *str1;
 471     jstring result;
 472     int i;
 473 
 474     if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 1) < 0)
 475         return NULL;
 476 
 477     if (len > 512) {
 478         str1 = (jchar *)malloc(len * sizeof(jchar));
 479         if (str1 == 0) {
 480             JNU_ThrowOutOfMemoryError(env, 0);
 481             return 0;
 482         }
 483     } else
 484         str1 = buf;
 485 
 486     for (i=0;i<len;i++)
 487         str1[i] = (unsigned char)str[i];
 488     result = (*env)->NewString(env, str1, len);
 489     if (str1 != buf)
 490         free(str1);
 491     return result;
 492 }
 493 
 494 static jstring
 495 newString8859_1(JNIEnv *env, const char *str)
 496 {
 497     int len = (int)strlen(str);
 498     return newSizedString8859_1(env, str, len);
 499 }
 500 
 501 static const char*
 502 getString8859_1Chars(JNIEnv *env, jstring jstr)
 503 {
 504     int i;
 505     char *result;
 506     jint len = (*env)->GetStringLength(env, jstr);
 507     const jchar *str = (*env)->GetStringCritical(env, jstr, 0);
 508     if (str == 0) {
 509         return 0;
 510     }
 511 
 512     result = MALLOC_MIN4(len);
 513     if (result == 0) {
 514         (*env)->ReleaseStringCritical(env, jstr, str);
 515         JNU_ThrowOutOfMemoryError(env, 0);
 516         return 0;
 517     }
 518 
 519     for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
 520         jchar unicode = str[i];
 521         if (unicode <= 0x00ff)
 522             result[i] = (char)unicode;
 523         else
 524             result[i] = '?';
 525     }
 526 
 527     result[len] = 0;
 528     (*env)->ReleaseStringCritical(env, jstr, str);
 529     return result;
 530 }
 531 
 532 
 533 /* Optimized for charset ISO646-US (us-ascii) */
 534 static jstring
 535 newString646_US(JNIEnv *env, const char *str)
 536 {
 537     int len = (int)strlen(str);
 538     jchar buf[512];
 539     jchar *str1;
 540     jstring result;
 541     int i;
 542 
 543     if (len > 512) {
 544         str1 = (jchar *)malloc(len * sizeof(jchar));
 545         if (str1 == 0) {
 546             JNU_ThrowOutOfMemoryError(env, 0);
 547             return 0;
 548         }
 549     } else
 550         str1 = buf;
 551 
 552     for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
 553         unsigned char c = (unsigned char)str[i];
 554         if (c <= 0x7f)
 555             str1[i] = c;
 556         else
 557             str1[i] = '?';
 558     }
 559 
 560     result = (*env)->NewString(env, str1, len);
 561     if (str1 != buf)
 562         free(str1);
 563     return result;
 564 }
 565 
 566 static const char*
 567 getString646_USChars(JNIEnv *env, jstring jstr)
 568 {
 569     int i;
 570     char *result;
 571     jint len = (*env)->GetStringLength(env, jstr);
 572     const jchar *str = (*env)->GetStringCritical(env, jstr, 0);
 573     if (str == 0) {
 574         return 0;
 575     }
 576 
 577     result = MALLOC_MIN4(len);
 578     if (result == 0) {
 579         (*env)->ReleaseStringCritical(env, jstr, str);
 580         JNU_ThrowOutOfMemoryError(env, 0);
 581         return 0;
 582     }
 583 
 584     for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
 585         jchar unicode = str[i];
 586         if (unicode <= 0x007f )
 587             result[i] = (char)unicode;
 588         else
 589             result[i] = '?';
 590     }
 591 
 592     result[len] = 0;
 593     (*env)->ReleaseStringCritical(env, jstr, str);
 594     return result;
 595 }
 596 
 597 /* enumeration of c1 row from Cp1252 */
 598 static int cp1252c1chars[32] = {
 599     0x20AC,0xFFFD,0x201A,0x0192,0x201E,0x2026,0x2020,0x2021,
 600     0x02C6,0x2030,0x0160,0x2039,0x0152,0xFFFD,0x017D,0xFFFD,
 601     0xFFFD,0x2018,0x2019,0x201C,0x201D,0x2022,0x2013,0x2014,
 602     0x02Dc,0x2122,0x0161,0x203A,0x0153,0xFFFD,0x017E,0x0178
 603 };
 604 
 605 /* Optimized for charset Cp1252 */
 606 static jstring
 607 newStringCp1252(JNIEnv *env, const char *str)
 608 {
 609     int len = (int) strlen(str);
 610     jchar buf[512];
 611     jchar *str1;
 612     jstring result;
 613     int i;
 614 
 615     if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 1) < 0)
 616         return NULL;
 617 
 618     if (len > 512) {
 619         str1 = (jchar *)malloc(len * sizeof(jchar));
 620         if (str1 == 0) {
 621             JNU_ThrowOutOfMemoryError(env, 0);
 622             return 0;
 623         }
 624     } else
 625         str1 = buf;
 626 
 627     for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
 628         unsigned char c = (unsigned char)str[i];
 629         if ((c >= 0x80) && (c <= 0x9f))
 630             str1[i] = cp1252c1chars[c-128];
 631         else
 632             str1[i] = c;
 633     }
 634 
 635     result = (*env)->NewString(env, str1, len);
 636     if (str1 != buf)
 637         free(str1);
 638     return result;
 639 }
 640 
 641 static const char*
 642 getStringCp1252Chars(JNIEnv *env, jstring jstr)
 643 {
 644     int i;
 645     char *result;
 646     jint len = (*env)->GetStringLength(env, jstr);
 647     const jchar *str = (*env)->GetStringCritical(env, jstr, 0);
 648     if (str == 0) {
 649         return 0;
 650     }
 651 
 652     result = MALLOC_MIN4(len);
 653     if (result == 0) {
 654         (*env)->ReleaseStringCritical(env, jstr, str);
 655         JNU_ThrowOutOfMemoryError(env, 0);
 656         return 0;
 657     }
 658 
 659     for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
 660         jchar c = str[i];
 661         if (c < 256) {
 662             if ((c >= 0x80) && (c <= 0x9f)) {
 663                 result[i] = '?';
 664             } else {
 665                 result[i] = (char)c;
 666             }
 667         } else switch(c) {
 668             case 0x20AC: result[i] = (char)0x80; break;
 669             case 0x201A: result[i] = (char)0x82; break;
 670             case 0x0192: result[i] = (char)0x83; break;
 671             case 0x201E: result[i] = (char)0x84; break;
 672             case 0x2026: result[i] = (char)0x85; break;
 673             case 0x2020: result[i] = (char)0x86; break;
 674             case 0x2021: result[i] = (char)0x87; break;
 675             case 0x02C6: result[i] = (char)0x88; break;
 676             case 0x2030: result[i] = (char)0x89; break;
 677             case 0x0160: result[i] = (char)0x8A; break;
 678             case 0x2039: result[i] = (char)0x8B; break;
 679             case 0x0152: result[i] = (char)0x8C; break;
 680             case 0x017D: result[i] = (char)0x8E; break;
 681             case 0x2018: result[i] = (char)0x91; break;
 682             case 0x2019: result[i] = (char)0x92; break;
 683             case 0x201C: result[i] = (char)0x93; break;
 684             case 0x201D: result[i] = (char)0x94; break;
 685             case 0x2022: result[i] = (char)0x95; break;
 686             case 0x2013: result[i] = (char)0x96; break;
 687             case 0x2014: result[i] = (char)0x97; break;
 688             case 0x02DC: result[i] = (char)0x98; break;
 689             case 0x2122: result[i] = (char)0x99; break;
 690             case 0x0161: result[i] = (char)0x9A; break;
 691             case 0x203A: result[i] = (char)0x9B; break;
 692             case 0x0153: result[i] = (char)0x9C; break;
 693             case 0x017E: result[i] = (char)0x9E; break;
 694             case 0x0178: result[i] = (char)0x9F; break;
 695             default:     result[i] = '?';  break;
 696         }
 697     }
 698 
 699     result[len] = 0;
 700     (*env)->ReleaseStringCritical(env, jstr, str);
 701     return result;
 702 }
 703 
 704 static int fastEncoding = NO_ENCODING_YET;
 705 static jstring jnuEncoding = NULL;
 706 
 707 /* Cached method IDs */
 708 static jmethodID String_init_ID;        /* String(byte[], enc) */
 709 static jmethodID String_getBytes_ID;    /* String.getBytes(enc) */
 710 
 711 /* Cached field IDs */
 712 static jfieldID String_coder_ID;        /* String.coder */
 713 static jfieldID String_value_ID;        /* String.value */
 714 
 715 static jboolean isJNUEncodingSupported = JNI_FALSE;
 716 static jboolean jnuEncodingSupported(JNIEnv *env) {
 717     jboolean exe;
 718     if (isJNUEncodingSupported == JNI_TRUE) {
 719         return JNI_TRUE;
 720     }
 721     isJNUEncodingSupported = (jboolean) JNU_CallStaticMethodByName (
 722                                     env, &exe,
 723                                     "java/nio/charset/Charset",
 724                                     "isSupported",
 725                                     "(Ljava/lang/String;)Z",
 726                                     jnuEncoding).z;
 727     return isJNUEncodingSupported;
 728 }
 729 
 730 /* Create a new string by converting str to a heap-allocated byte array and
 731  * calling the appropriate String constructor.
 732  */
 733 static jstring
 734 newSizedStringJava(JNIEnv *env, const char *str, const int len)
 735 {
 736     jstring result = NULL;
 737     jbyteArray bytes = 0;
 738 
 739     if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 2) < 0)
 740         return NULL;
 741 
 742     bytes = (*env)->NewByteArray(env, len);
 743     if (bytes != NULL) {
 744         jclass strClazz = JNU_ClassString(env);
 745         CHECK_NULL_RETURN(strClazz, 0);
 746         (*env)->SetByteArrayRegion(env, bytes, 0, len, (jbyte *)str);
 747         if (jnuEncodingSupported(env)) {
 748             result = (*env)->NewObject(env, strClazz,
 749                                        String_init_ID, bytes, jnuEncoding);
 750         } else {
 751             /*If the encoding specified in sun.jnu.encoding is not endorsed
 752               by "Charset.isSupported" we have to fall back to use String(byte[])
 753               explicitly here without specifying the encoding name, in which the
 754               StringCoding class will pickup the iso-8859-1 as the fallback
 755               converter for us.
 756              */
 757             jmethodID mid = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, strClazz,
 758                                                 "<init>", "([B)V");
 759             if (mid != NULL) {
 760                 result = (*env)->NewObject(env, strClazz, mid, bytes);
 761             }
 762         }
 763         (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, bytes);
 764         return result;
 765     }
 766     return NULL;
 767 }
 768 
 769 static jstring
 770 newStringJava(JNIEnv *env, const char *str)
 771 {
 772     int len = (int)strlen(str);
 773     return newSizedStringJava(env, str, len);
 774 }
 775 
 776 /* Optimized for charset UTF-8 */
 777 static jstring
 778 newStringUTF8(JNIEnv *env, const char *str)
 779 {
 780     int len;
 781     const unsigned char *p;
 782     unsigned char asciiCheck;
 783     for (asciiCheck = 0, p = (const unsigned char*)str; *p != '\0'; p++) {
 784         asciiCheck |= *p;
 785     }
 786     len = (int)((const char*)p - str);
 787 
 788     if (asciiCheck < 0x80) {
 789         // ascii fast-path
 790         return newSizedString8859_1(env, str, len);
 791     }
 792 
 793     return newSizedStringJava(env, str, len);
 794 }
 795 
 796 /* Initialize the fast encoding from the encoding name.
 797  * Export InitializeEncoding so that the VM can initialize it if required.
 798  */
 799 JNIEXPORT void
 800 InitializeEncoding(JNIEnv *env, const char *encname)
 801 {
 802     jclass strClazz = NULL;
 803 
 804     if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 3) < 0)
 805         return;
 806 
 807     strClazz = JNU_ClassString(env);
 808     CHECK_NULL(strClazz);
 809 
 810     if (encname) {
 811         /*
 812          * On Solaris with nl_langinfo() called in GetJavaProperties():
 813          *
 814          *   locale undefined -> NULL -> hardcoded default
 815          *   "C" locale       -> "" -> hardcoded default     (on 2.6)
 816          *   "C" locale       -> "ISO646-US"                 (on Sol 7/8)
 817          *   "en_US" locale -> "ISO8859-1"
 818          *   "en_GB" locale -> "ISO8859-1"                   (on Sol 7/8)
 819          *   "en_UK" locale -> "ISO8859-1"                   (on 2.6)
 820          */
 821         if ((strcmp(encname, "8859_1") == 0) ||
 822             (strcmp(encname, "ISO8859-1") == 0) ||
 823             (strcmp(encname, "ISO8859_1") == 0) ||
 824             (strcmp(encname, "ISO-8859-1") == 0)) {
 825             fastEncoding = FAST_8859_1;
 826         } else if (strcmp(encname, "UTF-8") == 0) {
 827             jstring enc = (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, encname);
 828             if (enc == NULL)
 829                 return;
 830             fastEncoding = FAST_UTF_8;
 831             jnuEncoding = (jstring)(*env)->NewGlobalRef(env, enc);
 832             (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, enc);
 833         } else if (strcmp(encname, "ISO646-US") == 0) {
 834             fastEncoding = FAST_646_US;
 835         } else if (strcmp(encname, "Cp1252") == 0 ||
 836             /* This is a temporary fix until we move */
 837             /* to wide character versions of all Windows */
 838             /* calls. */
 839             strcmp(encname, "utf-16le") == 0) {
 840             fastEncoding = FAST_CP1252;
 841         } else {
 842             jstring enc = (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, encname);
 843             if (enc == NULL)
 844                 return;
 845             fastEncoding = NO_FAST_ENCODING;
 846             jnuEncoding = (jstring)(*env)->NewGlobalRef(env, enc);
 847             (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, enc);
 848         }
 849     } else {
 850         JNU_ThrowInternalError(env, "platform encoding undefined");
 851         return;
 852     }
 853 
 854     /* Initialize method-id cache */
 855     String_getBytes_ID = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, strClazz,
 856                                              "getBytes", "(Ljava/lang/String;)[B");
 857     CHECK_NULL(String_getBytes_ID);
 858     String_init_ID = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, strClazz,
 859                                          "<init>", "([BLjava/lang/String;)V");
 860     CHECK_NULL(String_init_ID);
 861     String_coder_ID = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, strClazz, "coder", "B");
 862     CHECK_NULL(String_coder_ID);
 863     String_value_ID = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, strClazz, "value", "[B");
 864     CHECK_NULL(String_value_ID);
 865 }
 866 
 867 JNIEXPORT jstring
 868 NewStringPlatform(JNIEnv *env, const char *str)
 869 {
 870     return JNU_NewStringPlatform(env, str);
 871 }
 872 
 873 JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL
 874 JNU_NewStringPlatform(JNIEnv *env, const char *str)
 875 {
 876     if (fastEncoding == FAST_UTF_8)
 877         return newStringUTF8(env, str);
 878     if (fastEncoding == FAST_8859_1)
 879         return newString8859_1(env, str);
 880     if (fastEncoding == FAST_646_US)
 881         return newString646_US(env, str);
 882     if (fastEncoding == FAST_CP1252)
 883         return newStringCp1252(env, str);
 884     if (fastEncoding == NO_ENCODING_YET) {
 885         JNU_ThrowInternalError(env, "platform encoding not initialized");
 886         return NULL;
 887     }
 888     return newStringJava(env, str);
 889 }
 890 
 891 JNIEXPORT const char *
 892 GetStringPlatformChars(JNIEnv *env, jstring jstr, jboolean *isCopy)
 893 {
 894     return JNU_GetStringPlatformChars(env, jstr, isCopy);
 895 }
 896 
 897 static const char* getStringBytes(JNIEnv *env, jstring jstr) {
 898     char *result = NULL;
 899     jbyteArray hab = 0;
 900 
 901     if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 2) < 0)
 902         return 0;
 903 
 904     if (jnuEncodingSupported(env)) {
 905         hab = (*env)->CallObjectMethod(env, jstr, String_getBytes_ID, jnuEncoding);
 906     } else {
 907         jmethodID mid;
 908         jclass strClazz = JNU_ClassString(env);
 909         CHECK_NULL_RETURN(strClazz, 0);
 910         mid = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, strClazz,
 911                                        "getBytes", "()[B");
 912         if (mid != NULL) {
 913             hab = (*env)->CallObjectMethod(env, jstr, mid);
 914         }
 915     }
 916 
 917     if (!(*env)->ExceptionCheck(env)) {
 918         jint len = (*env)->GetArrayLength(env, hab);
 919         result = MALLOC_MIN4(len);
 920         if (result == 0) {
 921             JNU_ThrowOutOfMemoryError(env, 0);
 922             (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, hab);
 923             return 0;
 924         }
 925         (*env)->GetByteArrayRegion(env, hab, 0, len, (jbyte *)result);
 926         result[len] = 0; /* NULL-terminate */
 927     }
 928 
 929     (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, hab);
 930     return result;
 931 }
 932 
 933 static const char*
 934 getStringUTF8(JNIEnv *env, jstring jstr)
 935 {
 936     int i;
 937     char *result;
 938     jbyteArray value;
 939     jint len;
 940     jbyte *str;
 941     jint rlen;
 942     int ri;
 943     jbyte coder = (*env)->GetByteField(env, jstr, String_coder_ID);
 944     if (coder != java_lang_String_LATIN1) {
 945         return getStringBytes(env, jstr);
 946     }
 947     if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 2) < 0) {
 948         return NULL;
 949     }
 950     value = (*env)->GetObjectField(env, jstr, String_value_ID);
 951     if (value == NULL)
 952         return NULL;
 953     len = (*env)->GetArrayLength(env, value);
 954     str = (*env)->GetPrimitiveArrayCritical(env, value, NULL);
 955     if (str == NULL) {
 956         return NULL;
 957     }
 958 
 959     rlen = len;
 960     // we need two bytes for each latin-1 char above 127 (negative jbytes)
 961     for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 962         if (str[i] < 0) {
 963             rlen++;
 964         }
 965     }
 966 
 967     result = MALLOC_MIN4(rlen);
 968     if (result == NULL) {
 969         (*env)->ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical(env, value, str, 0);
 970         JNU_ThrowOutOfMemoryError(env, 0);
 971         return NULL;
 972     }
 973 
 974     for (ri = 0, i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 975         jbyte c = str[i];
 976         if (c < 0) {
 977             result[ri++] = (char)(0xc0 | ((c & 0xff) >> 6));
 978             result[ri++] = (char)(0x80 | (c & 0x3f));
 979         } else {
 980             result[ri++] = c;
 981         }
 982     }
 983     (*env)->ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical(env, value, str, 0);
 984     result[rlen] = '\0';
 985     return result;
 986 }
 987 
 988 JNIEXPORT const char * JNICALL
 989 JNU_GetStringPlatformChars(JNIEnv *env, jstring jstr, jboolean *isCopy)
 990 {
 991 
 992     if (isCopy)
 993         *isCopy = JNI_TRUE;
 994 
 995     if (fastEncoding == FAST_UTF_8)
 996         return getStringUTF8(env, jstr);
 997     if (fastEncoding == FAST_8859_1)
 998         return getString8859_1Chars(env, jstr);
 999     if (fastEncoding == FAST_646_US)
1000         return getString646_USChars(env, jstr);
1001     if (fastEncoding == FAST_CP1252)
1002         return getStringCp1252Chars(env, jstr);
1003     if (fastEncoding == NO_ENCODING_YET) {
1004         JNU_ThrowInternalError(env, "platform encoding not initialized");
1005         return 0;
1006     } else
1007         return getStringBytes(env, jstr);
1008 }
1009 
1010 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
1011 JNU_ReleaseStringPlatformChars(JNIEnv *env, jstring jstr, const char *str)
1012 {
1013     free((void *)str);
1014 }
1015 
1016 /*
1017  * Export the platform dependent path canonicalization so that
1018  * VM can find it when loading system classes.
1019  * This function is also used by the instrumentation agent.
1020  */
1021 extern int canonicalize(char *path, const char *out, int len);
1022 
1023 JNIEXPORT int
1024 Canonicalize(JNIEnv *unused, char *orig, char *out, int len)
1025 {
1026     /* canonicalize an already natived path */
1027     return canonicalize(orig, out, len);
1028 }
1029 
1030 JNIEXPORT jclass JNICALL
1031 JNU_ClassString(JNIEnv *env)
1032 {
1033     static jclass cls = 0;
1034     if (cls == 0) {
1035         jclass c;
1036         if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 1) < 0)
1037             return 0;
1038         c = (*env)->FindClass(env, "java/lang/String");
1039         CHECK_NULL_RETURN(c, NULL);
1040         cls = (*env)->NewGlobalRef(env, c);
1041         (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, c);
1042     }
1043     return cls;
1044 }
1045 
1046 JNIEXPORT jclass JNICALL
1047 JNU_ClassClass(JNIEnv *env)
1048 {
1049     static jclass cls = 0;
1050     if (cls == 0) {
1051         jclass c;
1052         if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 1) < 0)
1053             return 0;
1054         c = (*env)->FindClass(env, "java/lang/Class");
1055         CHECK_NULL_RETURN(c, NULL);
1056         cls = (*env)->NewGlobalRef(env, c);
1057         (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, c);
1058     }
1059     return cls;
1060 }
1061 
1062 JNIEXPORT jclass JNICALL
1063 JNU_ClassObject(JNIEnv *env)
1064 {
1065     static jclass cls = 0;
1066     if (cls == 0) {
1067         jclass c;
1068         if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 1) < 0)
1069             return 0;
1070         c = (*env)->FindClass(env, "java/lang/Object");
1071         CHECK_NULL_RETURN(c, NULL);
1072         cls = (*env)->NewGlobalRef(env, c);
1073         (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, c);
1074     }
1075     return cls;
1076 }
1077 
1078 JNIEXPORT jclass JNICALL
1079 JNU_ClassThrowable(JNIEnv *env)
1080 {
1081     static jclass cls = 0;
1082     if (cls == 0) {
1083         jclass c;
1084         if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 1) < 0)
1085             return 0;
1086         c = (*env)->FindClass(env, "java/lang/Throwable");
1087         CHECK_NULL_RETURN(c, NULL);
1088         cls = (*env)->NewGlobalRef(env, c);
1089         (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, c);
1090     }
1091     return cls;
1092 }
1093 
1094 JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
1095 JNU_CopyObjectArray(JNIEnv *env, jobjectArray dst, jobjectArray src,
1096                          jint count)
1097 {
1098     int i;
1099     if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 1) < 0)
1100         return -1;
1101     for (i=0; i<count; i++) {
1102         jstring p = (*env)->GetObjectArrayElement(env, src, i);
1103         (*env)->SetObjectArrayElement(env, dst, i, p);
1104         (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, p);
1105     }
1106     return 0;
1107 }
1108 
1109 JNIEXPORT void * JNICALL
1110 JNU_GetEnv(JavaVM *vm, jint version)
1111 {
1112     void *env;
1113     (*vm)->GetEnv(vm, &env, version);
1114     return env;
1115 }
1116 
1117 JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
1118 JNU_IsInstanceOfByName(JNIEnv *env, jobject object, char* classname)
1119 {
1120     jclass cls;
1121     if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 1) < 0)
1122         return JNI_ERR;
1123     cls = (*env)->FindClass(env, classname);
1124     if (cls != NULL) {
1125         jint result = (*env)->IsInstanceOf(env, object, cls);
1126         (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, cls);
1127         return result;
1128     }
1129     return JNI_ERR;
1130 }
1131 
1132 JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
1133 JNU_Equals(JNIEnv *env, jobject object1, jobject object2)
1134 {
1135     static jmethodID mid = NULL;
1136     if (mid == NULL) {
1137         jclass objClazz = JNU_ClassObject(env);
1138         CHECK_NULL_RETURN(objClazz, JNI_FALSE);
1139         mid = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, objClazz, "equals",
1140                                   "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z");
1141         CHECK_NULL_RETURN(mid, JNI_FALSE);
1142     }
1143     return (*env)->CallBooleanMethod(env, object1, mid, object2);
1144 }
1145 
1146 
1147 /************************************************************************
1148  * Thread calls
1149  */
1150 
1151 static jmethodID Object_waitMID;
1152 static jmethodID Object_notifyMID;
1153 static jmethodID Object_notifyAllMID;
1154 
1155 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
1156 JNU_MonitorWait(JNIEnv *env, jobject object, jlong timeout)
1157 {
1158     if (object == NULL) {
1159         JNU_ThrowNullPointerException(env, "JNU_MonitorWait argument");
1160         return;
1161     }
1162     if (Object_waitMID == NULL) {
1163         jclass cls = JNU_ClassObject(env);
1164         if (cls == NULL) {
1165             return;
1166         }
1167         Object_waitMID = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, cls, "wait", "(J)V");
1168         if (Object_waitMID == NULL) {
1169             return;
1170         }
1171     }
1172     (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, object, Object_waitMID, timeout);
1173 }
1174 
1175 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
1176 JNU_Notify(JNIEnv *env, jobject object)
1177 {
1178     if (object == NULL) {
1179         JNU_ThrowNullPointerException(env, "JNU_Notify argument");
1180         return;
1181     }
1182     if (Object_notifyMID == NULL) {
1183         jclass cls = JNU_ClassObject(env);
1184         if (cls == NULL) {
1185             return;
1186         }
1187         Object_notifyMID = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, cls, "notify", "()V");
1188         if (Object_notifyMID == NULL) {
1189             return;
1190         }
1191     }
1192     (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, object, Object_notifyMID);
1193 }
1194 
1195 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
1196 JNU_NotifyAll(JNIEnv *env, jobject object)
1197 {
1198     if (object == NULL) {
1199         JNU_ThrowNullPointerException(env, "JNU_NotifyAll argument");
1200         return;
1201     }
1202     if (Object_notifyAllMID == NULL) {
1203         jclass cls = JNU_ClassObject(env);
1204         if (cls == NULL) {
1205             return;
1206         }
1207         Object_notifyAllMID = (*env)->GetMethodID(env, cls,"notifyAll", "()V");
1208         if (Object_notifyAllMID == NULL) {
1209             return;
1210         }
1211     }
1212     (*env)->CallVoidMethod(env, object, Object_notifyAllMID);
1213 }
1214 
1215 
1216 /************************************************************************
1217  * Debugging utilities
1218  */
1219 
1220 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
1221 JNU_PrintString(JNIEnv *env, char *hdr, jstring string)
1222 {
1223     if (string == NULL) {
1224         fprintf(stderr, "%s: is NULL\n", hdr);
1225     } else {
1226         const char *stringPtr = JNU_GetStringPlatformChars(env, string, 0);
1227         if (stringPtr == 0)
1228             return;
1229         fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", hdr, stringPtr);
1230         JNU_ReleaseStringPlatformChars(env, string, stringPtr);
1231     }
1232 }
1233 
1234 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
1235 JNU_PrintClass(JNIEnv *env, char* hdr, jobject object)
1236 {
1237     if (object == NULL) {
1238         fprintf(stderr, "%s: object is NULL\n", hdr);
1239         return;
1240     } else {
1241         jclass cls = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, object);
1242         jstring clsName = JNU_ToString(env, cls);
1243         if (clsName == NULL) {
1244             JNU_PrintString(env, hdr, clsName);
1245         }
1246         (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, cls);
1247         (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, clsName);
1248     }
1249 }
1250 
1251 JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL
1252 JNU_ToString(JNIEnv *env, jobject object)
1253 {
1254     if (object == NULL) {
1255         return (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, "NULL");
1256     } else {
1257         return (jstring)JNU_CallMethodByName(env,
1258                                              NULL,
1259                                              object,
1260                                              "toString",
1261                                              "()Ljava/lang/String;").l;
1262     }
1263 }
1264 
1265 JNIEXPORT jvalue JNICALL
1266 JNU_GetFieldByName(JNIEnv *env,
1267                    jboolean *hasException,
1268                    jobject obj,
1269                    const char *name,
1270                    const char *signature)
1271 {
1272     jclass cls;
1273     jfieldID fid;
1274     jvalue result;
1275 
1276     result.i = 0;
1277 
1278     if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 3) < 0)
1279         goto done2;
1280 
1281     cls = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, obj);
1282     fid = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, cls, name, signature);
1283     if (fid == 0)
1284         goto done1;
1285 
1286     switch (*signature) {
1287     case '[':
1288     case 'L':
1289         result.l = (*env)->GetObjectField(env, obj, fid);
1290         break;
1291     case 'Z':
1292         result.z = (*env)->GetBooleanField(env, obj, fid);
1293         break;
1294     case 'B':
1295         result.b = (*env)->GetByteField(env, obj, fid);
1296         break;
1297     case 'C':
1298         result.c = (*env)->GetCharField(env, obj, fid);
1299         break;
1300     case 'S':
1301         result.s = (*env)->GetShortField(env, obj, fid);
1302         break;
1303     case 'I':
1304         result.i = (*env)->GetIntField(env, obj, fid);
1305         break;
1306     case 'J':
1307         result.j = (*env)->GetLongField(env, obj, fid);
1308         break;
1309     case 'F':
1310         result.f = (*env)->GetFloatField(env, obj, fid);
1311         break;
1312     case 'D':
1313         result.d = (*env)->GetDoubleField(env, obj, fid);
1314         break;
1315 
1316     default:
1317         (*env)->FatalError(env, "JNU_GetFieldByName: illegal signature");
1318     }
1319 
1320  done1:
1321     (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, cls);
1322  done2:
1323     if (hasException) {
1324         *hasException = (*env)->ExceptionCheck(env);
1325     }
1326     return result;
1327 }
1328 
1329 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
1330 JNU_SetFieldByName(JNIEnv *env,
1331                    jboolean *hasException,
1332                    jobject obj,
1333                    const char *name,
1334                    const char *signature,
1335                    ...)
1336 {
1337     jclass cls;
1338     jfieldID fid;
1339     va_list args;
1340 
1341     if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 3) < 0)
1342         goto done2;
1343 
1344     cls = (*env)->GetObjectClass(env, obj);
1345     fid = (*env)->GetFieldID(env, cls, name, signature);
1346     if (fid == 0)
1347         goto done1;
1348 
1349     va_start(args, signature);
1350     switch (*signature) {
1351     case '[':
1352     case 'L':
1353         (*env)->SetObjectField(env, obj, fid, va_arg(args, jobject));
1354         break;
1355     case 'Z':
1356         (*env)->SetBooleanField(env, obj, fid, (jboolean)va_arg(args, int));
1357         break;
1358     case 'B':
1359         (*env)->SetByteField(env, obj, fid, (jbyte)va_arg(args, int));
1360         break;
1361     case 'C':
1362         (*env)->SetCharField(env, obj, fid, (jchar)va_arg(args, int));
1363         break;
1364     case 'S':
1365         (*env)->SetShortField(env, obj, fid, (jshort)va_arg(args, int));
1366         break;
1367     case 'I':
1368         (*env)->SetIntField(env, obj, fid, va_arg(args, jint));
1369         break;
1370     case 'J':
1371         (*env)->SetLongField(env, obj, fid, va_arg(args, jlong));
1372         break;
1373     case 'F':
1374         (*env)->SetFloatField(env, obj, fid, (jfloat)va_arg(args, jdouble));
1375         break;
1376     case 'D':
1377         (*env)->SetDoubleField(env, obj, fid, va_arg(args, jdouble));
1378         break;
1379 
1380     default:
1381         (*env)->FatalError(env, "JNU_SetFieldByName: illegal signature");
1382     }
1383     va_end(args);
1384 
1385  done1:
1386     (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, cls);
1387  done2:
1388     if (hasException) {
1389         *hasException = (*env)->ExceptionCheck(env);
1390     }
1391 }
1392 
1393 JNIEXPORT jvalue JNICALL
1394 JNU_GetStaticFieldByName(JNIEnv *env,
1395                          jboolean *hasException,
1396                          const char *classname,
1397                          const char *name,
1398                          const char *signature)
1399 {
1400     jclass cls;
1401     jfieldID fid;
1402     jvalue result;
1403 
1404     result.i = 0;
1405 
1406     if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 3) < 0)
1407         goto done2;
1408 
1409     cls = (*env)->FindClass(env, classname);
1410     if (cls == 0)
1411         goto done2;
1412 
1413     fid = (*env)->GetStaticFieldID(env, cls, name, signature);
1414     if (fid == 0)
1415         goto done1;
1416 
1417     switch (*signature) {
1418     case '[':
1419     case 'L':
1420         result.l = (*env)->GetStaticObjectField(env, cls, fid);
1421         break;
1422     case 'Z':
1423         result.z = (*env)->GetStaticBooleanField(env, cls, fid);
1424         break;
1425     case 'B':
1426         result.b = (*env)->GetStaticByteField(env, cls, fid);
1427         break;
1428     case 'C':
1429         result.c = (*env)->GetStaticCharField(env, cls, fid);
1430         break;
1431     case 'S':
1432         result.s = (*env)->GetStaticShortField(env, cls, fid);
1433         break;
1434     case 'I':
1435         result.i = (*env)->GetStaticIntField(env, cls, fid);
1436         break;
1437     case 'J':
1438         result.j = (*env)->GetStaticLongField(env, cls, fid);
1439         break;
1440     case 'F':
1441         result.f = (*env)->GetStaticFloatField(env, cls, fid);
1442         break;
1443     case 'D':
1444         result.d = (*env)->GetStaticDoubleField(env, cls, fid);
1445         break;
1446 
1447     default:
1448         (*env)->FatalError(env, "JNU_GetStaticFieldByName: illegal signature");
1449     }
1450 
1451  done1:
1452     (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, cls);
1453  done2:
1454     if (hasException) {
1455         *hasException = (*env)->ExceptionCheck(env);
1456     }
1457     return result;
1458 }
1459 
1460 JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
1461 JNU_SetStaticFieldByName(JNIEnv *env,
1462                          jboolean *hasException,
1463                          const char *classname,
1464                          const char *name,
1465                          const char *signature,
1466                          ...)
1467 {
1468     jclass cls;
1469     jfieldID fid;
1470     va_list args;
1471 
1472     if ((*env)->EnsureLocalCapacity(env, 3) < 0)
1473         goto done2;
1474 
1475     cls = (*env)->FindClass(env, classname);
1476     if (cls == 0)
1477         goto done2;
1478 
1479     fid = (*env)->GetStaticFieldID(env, cls, name, signature);
1480     if (fid == 0)
1481         goto done1;
1482 
1483     va_start(args, signature);
1484     switch (*signature) {
1485     case '[':
1486     case 'L':
1487         (*env)->SetStaticObjectField(env, cls, fid, va_arg(args, jobject));
1488         break;
1489     case 'Z':
1490         (*env)->SetStaticBooleanField(env, cls, fid, (jboolean)va_arg(args, int));
1491         break;
1492     case 'B':
1493         (*env)->SetStaticByteField(env, cls, fid, (jbyte)va_arg(args, int));
1494         break;
1495     case 'C':
1496         (*env)->SetStaticCharField(env, cls, fid, (jchar)va_arg(args, int));
1497         break;
1498     case 'S':
1499         (*env)->SetStaticShortField(env, cls, fid, (jshort)va_arg(args, int));
1500         break;
1501     case 'I':
1502         (*env)->SetStaticIntField(env, cls, fid, va_arg(args, jint));
1503         break;
1504     case 'J':
1505         (*env)->SetStaticLongField(env, cls, fid, va_arg(args, jlong));
1506         break;
1507     case 'F':
1508         (*env)->SetStaticFloatField(env, cls, fid, (jfloat)va_arg(args, jdouble));
1509         break;
1510     case 'D':
1511         (*env)->SetStaticDoubleField(env, cls, fid, va_arg(args, jdouble));
1512         break;
1513 
1514     default:
1515         (*env)->FatalError(env, "JNU_SetStaticFieldByName: illegal signature");
1516     }
1517     va_end(args);
1518 
1519  done1:
1520     (*env)->DeleteLocalRef(env, cls);
1521  done2:
1522     if (hasException) {
1523         *hasException = (*env)->ExceptionCheck(env);
1524     }
1525 }