1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1996, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
8 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
9 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
10 *
11 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
12 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
13 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
14 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
15 * accompanied this code).
16 *
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
18 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
19 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20 *
21 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
22 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
23 * questions.
24 */
25
26 package java.lang.reflect;
27
28 import jdk.internal.access.SharedSecrets;
29 import jdk.internal.reflect.CallerSensitive;
30 import jdk.internal.reflect.FieldAccessor;
31 import jdk.internal.reflect.Reflection;
32 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
33 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.FieldRepository;
34 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.CoreReflectionFactory;
35 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.GenericsFactory;
36 import sun.reflect.generics.scope.ClassScope;
37 import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
38 import java.util.Map;
39 import java.util.Objects;
40 import sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationParser;
41 import sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationSupport;
42 import sun.reflect.annotation.TypeAnnotation;
43 import sun.reflect.annotation.TypeAnnotationParser;
44
45 /**
46 * A {@code Field} provides information about, and dynamic access to, a
47 * single field of a class or an interface. The reflected field may
48 * be a class (static) field or an instance field.
49 *
50 * <p>A {@code Field} permits widening conversions to occur during a get or
51 * set access operation, but throws an {@code IllegalArgumentException} if a
52 * narrowing conversion would occur.
53 *
54 * @see Member
55 * @see java.lang.Class
56 * @see java.lang.Class#getFields()
57 * @see java.lang.Class#getField(String)
58 * @see java.lang.Class#getDeclaredFields()
59 * @see java.lang.Class#getDeclaredField(String)
60 *
61 * @author Kenneth Russell
62 * @author Nakul Saraiya
63 * @since 1.1
64 */
65 public final
66 class Field extends AccessibleObject implements Member {
67
68 private Class<?> clazz;
69 private int slot;
70 // This is guaranteed to be interned by the VM in the 1.4
71 // reflection implementation
72 private String name;
73 private Class<?> type;
74 private int modifiers;
75 // Generics and annotations support
76 private transient String signature;
77 // generic info repository; lazily initialized
78 private transient FieldRepository genericInfo;
79 private byte[] annotations;
80 // Cached field accessor created without override
81 private FieldAccessor fieldAccessor;
82 // Cached field accessor created with override
83 private FieldAccessor overrideFieldAccessor;
84 // For sharing of FieldAccessors. This branching structure is
85 // currently only two levels deep (i.e., one root Field and
86 // potentially many Field objects pointing to it.)
87 //
88 // If this branching structure would ever contain cycles, deadlocks can
89 // occur in annotation code.
90 private Field root;
91
92 // Generics infrastructure
93
94 private String getGenericSignature() {return signature;}
95
96 // Accessor for factory
97 private GenericsFactory getFactory() {
98 Class<?> c = getDeclaringClass();
99 // create scope and factory
100 return CoreReflectionFactory.make(c, ClassScope.make(c));
101 }
102
103 // Accessor for generic info repository
104 private FieldRepository getGenericInfo() {
105 // lazily initialize repository if necessary
106 if (genericInfo == null) {
107 // create and cache generic info repository
108 genericInfo = FieldRepository.make(getGenericSignature(),
109 getFactory());
110 }
111 return genericInfo; //return cached repository
112 }
113
114
115 /**
116 * Package-private constructor
117 */
118 Field(Class<?> declaringClass,
119 String name,
120 Class<?> type,
121 int modifiers,
122 int slot,
123 String signature,
124 byte[] annotations)
125 {
126 this.clazz = declaringClass;
127 this.name = name;
128 this.type = type;
129 this.modifiers = modifiers;
130 this.slot = slot;
131 this.signature = signature;
132 this.annotations = annotations;
133 }
134
135 /**
136 * Package-private routine (exposed to java.lang.Class via
137 * ReflectAccess) which returns a copy of this Field. The copy's
138 * "root" field points to this Field.
139 */
140 Field copy() {
141 // This routine enables sharing of FieldAccessor objects
142 // among Field objects which refer to the same underlying
143 // method in the VM. (All of this contortion is only necessary
144 // because of the "accessibility" bit in AccessibleObject,
145 // which implicitly requires that new java.lang.reflect
146 // objects be fabricated for each reflective call on Class
147 // objects.)
148 if (this.root != null)
149 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can not copy a non-root Field");
150
151 Field res = new Field(clazz, name, type, modifiers, slot, signature, annotations);
152 res.root = this;
153 // Might as well eagerly propagate this if already present
154 res.fieldAccessor = fieldAccessor;
155 res.overrideFieldAccessor = overrideFieldAccessor;
156
157 return res;
158 }
159
160 /**
161 * @throws InaccessibleObjectException {@inheritDoc}
162 * @throws SecurityException {@inheritDoc}
163 */
164 @Override
165 @CallerSensitive
166 public void setAccessible(boolean flag) {
167 AccessibleObject.checkPermission();
168 if (flag) checkCanSetAccessible(Reflection.getCallerClass());
169 setAccessible0(flag);
170 }
171
172 @Override
173 void checkCanSetAccessible(Class<?> caller) {
174 checkCanSetAccessible(caller, clazz);
175 }
176
177 /**
178 * Returns the {@code Class} object representing the class or interface
179 * that declares the field represented by this {@code Field} object.
180 */
181 @Override
182 public Class<?> getDeclaringClass() {
183 return clazz;
184 }
185
186 /**
187 * Returns the name of the field represented by this {@code Field} object.
188 */
189 public String getName() {
190 return name;
191 }
192
193 /**
194 * Returns the Java language modifiers for the field represented
195 * by this {@code Field} object, as an integer. The {@code Modifier} class should
196 * be used to decode the modifiers.
197 *
198 * @see Modifier
199 */
200 public int getModifiers() {
201 return modifiers;
202 }
203
204 /**
205 * Returns {@code true} if this field represents an element of
206 * an enumerated type; returns {@code false} otherwise.
207 *
208 * @return {@code true} if and only if this field represents an element of
209 * an enumerated type.
210 * @since 1.5
211 */
212 public boolean isEnumConstant() {
213 return (getModifiers() & Modifier.ENUM) != 0;
214 }
215
216 /**
217 * Returns {@code true} if this field is a synthetic
218 * field; returns {@code false} otherwise.
219 *
220 * @return true if and only if this field is a synthetic
221 * field as defined by the Java Language Specification.
222 * @since 1.5
223 */
224 public boolean isSynthetic() {
225 return Modifier.isSynthetic(getModifiers());
226 }
227
228 /**
229 * Returns a {@code Class} object that identifies the
230 * declared type for the field represented by this
231 * {@code Field} object.
232 *
233 * @return a {@code Class} object identifying the declared
234 * type of the field represented by this object
235 */
236 public Class<?> getType() {
237 return type;
238 }
239
240 /**
241 * Returns a {@code Type} object that represents the declared type for
242 * the field represented by this {@code Field} object.
243 *
244 * <p>If the declared type of the field is a parameterized type,
245 * the {@code Type} object returned must accurately reflect the
246 * actual type arguments used in the source code.
247 *
248 * <p>If the type of the underlying field is a type variable or a
249 * parameterized type, it is created. Otherwise, it is resolved.
250 *
251 * @return a {@code Type} object that represents the declared type for
252 * the field represented by this {@code Field} object
253 * @throws GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic field
254 * signature does not conform to the format specified in
255 * <cite>The Java™ Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
256 * @throws TypeNotPresentException if the generic type
257 * signature of the underlying field refers to a non-existent
258 * type declaration
259 * @throws MalformedParameterizedTypeException if the generic
260 * signature of the underlying field refers to a parameterized type
261 * that cannot be instantiated for any reason
262 * @since 1.5
263 */
264 public Type getGenericType() {
265 if (getGenericSignature() != null)
266 return getGenericInfo().getGenericType();
267 else
268 return getType();
269 }
270
271
272 /**
273 * Compares this {@code Field} against the specified object. Returns
274 * true if the objects are the same. Two {@code Field} objects are the same if
275 * they were declared by the same class and have the same name
276 * and type.
277 */
278 public boolean equals(Object obj) {
279 if (obj != null && obj instanceof Field) {
280 Field other = (Field)obj;
281 return (getDeclaringClass() == other.getDeclaringClass())
282 && (getName() == other.getName())
283 && (getType() == other.getType());
284 }
285 return false;
286 }
287
288 /**
289 * Returns a hashcode for this {@code Field}. This is computed as the
290 * exclusive-or of the hashcodes for the underlying field's
291 * declaring class name and its name.
292 */
293 public int hashCode() {
294 return getDeclaringClass().getName().hashCode() ^ getName().hashCode();
295 }
296
297 /**
298 * Returns a string describing this {@code Field}. The format is
299 * the access modifiers for the field, if any, followed
300 * by the field type, followed by a space, followed by
301 * the fully-qualified name of the class declaring the field,
302 * followed by a period, followed by the name of the field.
303 * For example:
304 * <pre>
305 * public static final int java.lang.Thread.MIN_PRIORITY
306 * private int java.io.FileDescriptor.fd
307 * </pre>
308 *
309 * <p>The modifiers are placed in canonical order as specified by
310 * "The Java Language Specification". This is {@code public},
311 * {@code protected} or {@code private} first, and then other
312 * modifiers in the following order: {@code static}, {@code final},
313 * {@code transient}, {@code volatile}.
314 *
315 * @return a string describing this {@code Field}
316 * @jls 8.3.1 Field Modifiers
317 */
318 public String toString() {
319 int mod = getModifiers();
320 return (((mod == 0) ? "" : (Modifier.toString(mod) + " "))
321 + getType().getTypeName() + " "
322 + getDeclaringClass().getTypeName() + "."
323 + getName());
324 }
325
326 @Override
327 String toShortString() {
328 return "field " + getDeclaringClass().getTypeName() + "." + getName();
329 }
330
331 /**
332 * Returns a string describing this {@code Field}, including
333 * its generic type. The format is the access modifiers for the
334 * field, if any, followed by the generic field type, followed by
335 * a space, followed by the fully-qualified name of the class
336 * declaring the field, followed by a period, followed by the name
337 * of the field.
338 *
339 * <p>The modifiers are placed in canonical order as specified by
340 * "The Java Language Specification". This is {@code public},
341 * {@code protected} or {@code private} first, and then other
342 * modifiers in the following order: {@code static}, {@code final},
343 * {@code transient}, {@code volatile}.
344 *
345 * @return a string describing this {@code Field}, including
346 * its generic type
347 *
348 * @since 1.5
349 * @jls 8.3.1 Field Modifiers
350 */
351 public String toGenericString() {
352 int mod = getModifiers();
353 Type fieldType = getGenericType();
354 return (((mod == 0) ? "" : (Modifier.toString(mod) + " "))
355 + fieldType.getTypeName() + " "
356 + getDeclaringClass().getTypeName() + "."
357 + getName());
358 }
359
360 /**
361 * Returns the value of the field represented by this {@code Field}, on
362 * the specified object. The value is automatically wrapped in an
363 * object if it has a primitive type.
364 *
365 * <p>The underlying field's value is obtained as follows:
366 *
367 * <p>If the underlying field is a static field, the {@code obj} argument
368 * is ignored; it may be null.
369 *
370 * <p>Otherwise, the underlying field is an instance field. If the
371 * specified {@code obj} argument is null, the method throws a
372 * {@code NullPointerException}. If the specified object is not an
373 * instance of the class or interface declaring the underlying
374 * field, the method throws an {@code IllegalArgumentException}.
375 *
376 * <p>If this {@code Field} object is enforcing Java language access control, and
377 * the underlying field is inaccessible, the method throws an
378 * {@code IllegalAccessException}.
379 * If the underlying field is static, the class that declared the
380 * field is initialized if it has not already been initialized.
381 *
382 * <p>Otherwise, the value is retrieved from the underlying instance
383 * or static field. If the field has a primitive type, the value
384 * is wrapped in an object before being returned, otherwise it is
385 * returned as is.
386 *
387 * <p>If the field is hidden in the type of {@code obj},
388 * the field's value is obtained according to the preceding rules.
389 *
390 * @param obj object from which the represented field's value is
391 * to be extracted
392 * @return the value of the represented field in object
393 * {@code obj}; primitive values are wrapped in an appropriate
394 * object before being returned
395 *
396 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
397 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
398 * field is inaccessible.
399 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not an
400 * instance of the class or interface declaring the underlying
401 * field (or a subclass or implementor thereof).
402 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
403 * and the field is an instance field.
404 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
405 * by this method fails.
406 */
407 @CallerSensitive
408 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
409 public Object get(Object obj)
410 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
411 {
412 if (!override) {
413 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
414 checkAccess(caller, obj);
415 }
416 return getFieldAccessor(obj).get(obj);
417 }
418
419 /**
420 * Gets the value of a static or instance {@code boolean} field.
421 *
422 * @param obj the object to extract the {@code boolean} value
423 * from
424 * @return the value of the {@code boolean} field
425 *
426 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
427 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
428 * field is inaccessible.
429 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not
430 * an instance of the class or interface declaring the
431 * underlying field (or a subclass or implementor
432 * thereof), or if the field value cannot be
433 * converted to the type {@code boolean} by a
434 * widening conversion.
435 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
436 * and the field is an instance field.
437 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
438 * by this method fails.
439 * @see Field#get
440 */
441 @CallerSensitive
442 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
443 public boolean getBoolean(Object obj)
444 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
445 {
446 if (!override) {
447 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
448 checkAccess(caller, obj);
449 }
450 return getFieldAccessor(obj).getBoolean(obj);
451 }
452
453 /**
454 * Gets the value of a static or instance {@code byte} field.
455 *
456 * @param obj the object to extract the {@code byte} value
457 * from
458 * @return the value of the {@code byte} field
459 *
460 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
461 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
462 * field is inaccessible.
463 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not
464 * an instance of the class or interface declaring the
465 * underlying field (or a subclass or implementor
466 * thereof), or if the field value cannot be
467 * converted to the type {@code byte} by a
468 * widening conversion.
469 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
470 * and the field is an instance field.
471 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
472 * by this method fails.
473 * @see Field#get
474 */
475 @CallerSensitive
476 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
477 public byte getByte(Object obj)
478 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
479 {
480 if (!override) {
481 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
482 checkAccess(caller, obj);
483 }
484 return getFieldAccessor(obj).getByte(obj);
485 }
486
487 /**
488 * Gets the value of a static or instance field of type
489 * {@code char} or of another primitive type convertible to
490 * type {@code char} via a widening conversion.
491 *
492 * @param obj the object to extract the {@code char} value
493 * from
494 * @return the value of the field converted to type {@code char}
495 *
496 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
497 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
498 * field is inaccessible.
499 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not
500 * an instance of the class or interface declaring the
501 * underlying field (or a subclass or implementor
502 * thereof), or if the field value cannot be
503 * converted to the type {@code char} by a
504 * widening conversion.
505 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
506 * and the field is an instance field.
507 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
508 * by this method fails.
509 * @see Field#get
510 */
511 @CallerSensitive
512 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
513 public char getChar(Object obj)
514 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
515 {
516 if (!override) {
517 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
518 checkAccess(caller, obj);
519 }
520 return getFieldAccessor(obj).getChar(obj);
521 }
522
523 /**
524 * Gets the value of a static or instance field of type
525 * {@code short} or of another primitive type convertible to
526 * type {@code short} via a widening conversion.
527 *
528 * @param obj the object to extract the {@code short} value
529 * from
530 * @return the value of the field converted to type {@code short}
531 *
532 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
533 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
534 * field is inaccessible.
535 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not
536 * an instance of the class or interface declaring the
537 * underlying field (or a subclass or implementor
538 * thereof), or if the field value cannot be
539 * converted to the type {@code short} by a
540 * widening conversion.
541 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
542 * and the field is an instance field.
543 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
544 * by this method fails.
545 * @see Field#get
546 */
547 @CallerSensitive
548 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
549 public short getShort(Object obj)
550 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
551 {
552 if (!override) {
553 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
554 checkAccess(caller, obj);
555 }
556 return getFieldAccessor(obj).getShort(obj);
557 }
558
559 /**
560 * Gets the value of a static or instance field of type
561 * {@code int} or of another primitive type convertible to
562 * type {@code int} via a widening conversion.
563 *
564 * @param obj the object to extract the {@code int} value
565 * from
566 * @return the value of the field converted to type {@code int}
567 *
568 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
569 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
570 * field is inaccessible.
571 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not
572 * an instance of the class or interface declaring the
573 * underlying field (or a subclass or implementor
574 * thereof), or if the field value cannot be
575 * converted to the type {@code int} by a
576 * widening conversion.
577 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
578 * and the field is an instance field.
579 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
580 * by this method fails.
581 * @see Field#get
582 */
583 @CallerSensitive
584 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
585 public int getInt(Object obj)
586 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
587 {
588 if (!override) {
589 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
590 checkAccess(caller, obj);
591 }
592 return getFieldAccessor(obj).getInt(obj);
593 }
594
595 /**
596 * Gets the value of a static or instance field of type
597 * {@code long} or of another primitive type convertible to
598 * type {@code long} via a widening conversion.
599 *
600 * @param obj the object to extract the {@code long} value
601 * from
602 * @return the value of the field converted to type {@code long}
603 *
604 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
605 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
606 * field is inaccessible.
607 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not
608 * an instance of the class or interface declaring the
609 * underlying field (or a subclass or implementor
610 * thereof), or if the field value cannot be
611 * converted to the type {@code long} by a
612 * widening conversion.
613 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
614 * and the field is an instance field.
615 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
616 * by this method fails.
617 * @see Field#get
618 */
619 @CallerSensitive
620 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
621 public long getLong(Object obj)
622 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
623 {
624 if (!override) {
625 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
626 checkAccess(caller, obj);
627 }
628 return getFieldAccessor(obj).getLong(obj);
629 }
630
631 /**
632 * Gets the value of a static or instance field of type
633 * {@code float} or of another primitive type convertible to
634 * type {@code float} via a widening conversion.
635 *
636 * @param obj the object to extract the {@code float} value
637 * from
638 * @return the value of the field converted to type {@code float}
639 *
640 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
641 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
642 * field is inaccessible.
643 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not
644 * an instance of the class or interface declaring the
645 * underlying field (or a subclass or implementor
646 * thereof), or if the field value cannot be
647 * converted to the type {@code float} by a
648 * widening conversion.
649 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
650 * and the field is an instance field.
651 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
652 * by this method fails.
653 * @see Field#get
654 */
655 @CallerSensitive
656 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
657 public float getFloat(Object obj)
658 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
659 {
660 if (!override) {
661 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
662 checkAccess(caller, obj);
663 }
664 return getFieldAccessor(obj).getFloat(obj);
665 }
666
667 /**
668 * Gets the value of a static or instance field of type
669 * {@code double} or of another primitive type convertible to
670 * type {@code double} via a widening conversion.
671 *
672 * @param obj the object to extract the {@code double} value
673 * from
674 * @return the value of the field converted to type {@code double}
675 *
676 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
677 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
678 * field is inaccessible.
679 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not
680 * an instance of the class or interface declaring the
681 * underlying field (or a subclass or implementor
682 * thereof), or if the field value cannot be
683 * converted to the type {@code double} by a
684 * widening conversion.
685 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
686 * and the field is an instance field.
687 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
688 * by this method fails.
689 * @see Field#get
690 */
691 @CallerSensitive
692 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
693 public double getDouble(Object obj)
694 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
695 {
696 if (!override) {
697 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
698 checkAccess(caller, obj);
699 }
700 return getFieldAccessor(obj).getDouble(obj);
701 }
702
703 /**
704 * Sets the field represented by this {@code Field} object on the
705 * specified object argument to the specified new value. The new
706 * value is automatically unwrapped if the underlying field has a
707 * primitive type.
708 *
709 * <p>The operation proceeds as follows:
710 *
711 * <p>If the underlying field is static, the {@code obj} argument is
712 * ignored; it may be null.
713 *
714 * <p>Otherwise the underlying field is an instance field. If the
715 * specified object argument is null, the method throws a
716 * {@code NullPointerException}. If the specified object argument is not
717 * an instance of the class or interface declaring the underlying
718 * field, the method throws an {@code IllegalArgumentException}.
719 *
720 * <p>If this {@code Field} object is enforcing Java language access control, and
721 * the underlying field is inaccessible, the method throws an
722 * {@code IllegalAccessException}.
723 *
724 * <p>If the underlying field is final, the method throws an
725 * {@code IllegalAccessException} unless {@code setAccessible(true)}
726 * has succeeded for this {@code Field} object
727 * and the field is non-static. Setting a final field in this way
728 * is meaningful only during deserialization or reconstruction of
729 * instances of classes with blank final fields, before they are
730 * made available for access by other parts of a program. Use in
731 * any other context may have unpredictable effects, including cases
732 * in which other parts of a program continue to use the original
733 * value of this field.
734 *
735 * <p>If the underlying field is of a primitive type, an unwrapping
736 * conversion is attempted to convert the new value to a value of
737 * a primitive type. If this attempt fails, the method throws an
738 * {@code IllegalArgumentException}.
739 *
740 * <p>If, after possible unwrapping, the new value cannot be
741 * converted to the type of the underlying field by an identity or
742 * widening conversion, the method throws an
743 * {@code IllegalArgumentException}.
744 *
745 * <p>If the underlying field is static, the class that declared the
746 * field is initialized if it has not already been initialized.
747 *
748 * <p>The field is set to the possibly unwrapped and widened new value.
749 *
750 * <p>If the field is hidden in the type of {@code obj},
751 * the field's value is set according to the preceding rules.
752 *
753 * @param obj the object whose field should be modified
754 * @param value the new value for the field of {@code obj}
755 * being modified
756 *
757 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
758 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
759 * field is either inaccessible or final.
760 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not an
761 * instance of the class or interface declaring the underlying
762 * field (or a subclass or implementor thereof),
763 * or if an unwrapping conversion fails.
764 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
765 * and the field is an instance field.
766 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
767 * by this method fails.
768 */
769 @CallerSensitive
770 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
771 public void set(Object obj, Object value)
772 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
773 {
774 if (!override) {
775 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
776 checkAccess(caller, obj);
777 }
778 getFieldAccessor(obj).set(obj, value);
779 }
780
781 /**
782 * Sets the value of a field as a {@code boolean} on the specified object.
783 * This method is equivalent to
784 * {@code set(obj, zObj)},
785 * where {@code zObj} is a {@code Boolean} object and
786 * {@code zObj.booleanValue() == z}.
787 *
788 * @param obj the object whose field should be modified
789 * @param z the new value for the field of {@code obj}
790 * being modified
791 *
792 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
793 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
794 * field is either inaccessible or final.
795 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not an
796 * instance of the class or interface declaring the underlying
797 * field (or a subclass or implementor thereof),
798 * or if an unwrapping conversion fails.
799 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
800 * and the field is an instance field.
801 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
802 * by this method fails.
803 * @see Field#set
804 */
805 @CallerSensitive
806 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
807 public void setBoolean(Object obj, boolean z)
808 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
809 {
810 if (!override) {
811 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
812 checkAccess(caller, obj);
813 }
814 getFieldAccessor(obj).setBoolean(obj, z);
815 }
816
817 /**
818 * Sets the value of a field as a {@code byte} on the specified object.
819 * This method is equivalent to
820 * {@code set(obj, bObj)},
821 * where {@code bObj} is a {@code Byte} object and
822 * {@code bObj.byteValue() == b}.
823 *
824 * @param obj the object whose field should be modified
825 * @param b the new value for the field of {@code obj}
826 * being modified
827 *
828 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
829 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
830 * field is either inaccessible or final.
831 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not an
832 * instance of the class or interface declaring the underlying
833 * field (or a subclass or implementor thereof),
834 * or if an unwrapping conversion fails.
835 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
836 * and the field is an instance field.
837 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
838 * by this method fails.
839 * @see Field#set
840 */
841 @CallerSensitive
842 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
843 public void setByte(Object obj, byte b)
844 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
845 {
846 if (!override) {
847 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
848 checkAccess(caller, obj);
849 }
850 getFieldAccessor(obj).setByte(obj, b);
851 }
852
853 /**
854 * Sets the value of a field as a {@code char} on the specified object.
855 * This method is equivalent to
856 * {@code set(obj, cObj)},
857 * where {@code cObj} is a {@code Character} object and
858 * {@code cObj.charValue() == c}.
859 *
860 * @param obj the object whose field should be modified
861 * @param c the new value for the field of {@code obj}
862 * being modified
863 *
864 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
865 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
866 * field is either inaccessible or final.
867 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not an
868 * instance of the class or interface declaring the underlying
869 * field (or a subclass or implementor thereof),
870 * or if an unwrapping conversion fails.
871 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
872 * and the field is an instance field.
873 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
874 * by this method fails.
875 * @see Field#set
876 */
877 @CallerSensitive
878 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
879 public void setChar(Object obj, char c)
880 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
881 {
882 if (!override) {
883 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
884 checkAccess(caller, obj);
885 }
886 getFieldAccessor(obj).setChar(obj, c);
887 }
888
889 /**
890 * Sets the value of a field as a {@code short} on the specified object.
891 * This method is equivalent to
892 * {@code set(obj, sObj)},
893 * where {@code sObj} is a {@code Short} object and
894 * {@code sObj.shortValue() == s}.
895 *
896 * @param obj the object whose field should be modified
897 * @param s the new value for the field of {@code obj}
898 * being modified
899 *
900 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
901 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
902 * field is either inaccessible or final.
903 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not an
904 * instance of the class or interface declaring the underlying
905 * field (or a subclass or implementor thereof),
906 * or if an unwrapping conversion fails.
907 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
908 * and the field is an instance field.
909 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
910 * by this method fails.
911 * @see Field#set
912 */
913 @CallerSensitive
914 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
915 public void setShort(Object obj, short s)
916 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
917 {
918 if (!override) {
919 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
920 checkAccess(caller, obj);
921 }
922 getFieldAccessor(obj).setShort(obj, s);
923 }
924
925 /**
926 * Sets the value of a field as an {@code int} on the specified object.
927 * This method is equivalent to
928 * {@code set(obj, iObj)},
929 * where {@code iObj} is an {@code Integer} object and
930 * {@code iObj.intValue() == i}.
931 *
932 * @param obj the object whose field should be modified
933 * @param i the new value for the field of {@code obj}
934 * being modified
935 *
936 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
937 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
938 * field is either inaccessible or final.
939 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not an
940 * instance of the class or interface declaring the underlying
941 * field (or a subclass or implementor thereof),
942 * or if an unwrapping conversion fails.
943 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
944 * and the field is an instance field.
945 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
946 * by this method fails.
947 * @see Field#set
948 */
949 @CallerSensitive
950 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
951 public void setInt(Object obj, int i)
952 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
953 {
954 if (!override) {
955 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
956 checkAccess(caller, obj);
957 }
958 getFieldAccessor(obj).setInt(obj, i);
959 }
960
961 /**
962 * Sets the value of a field as a {@code long} on the specified object.
963 * This method is equivalent to
964 * {@code set(obj, lObj)},
965 * where {@code lObj} is a {@code Long} object and
966 * {@code lObj.longValue() == l}.
967 *
968 * @param obj the object whose field should be modified
969 * @param l the new value for the field of {@code obj}
970 * being modified
971 *
972 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
973 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
974 * field is either inaccessible or final.
975 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not an
976 * instance of the class or interface declaring the underlying
977 * field (or a subclass or implementor thereof),
978 * or if an unwrapping conversion fails.
979 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
980 * and the field is an instance field.
981 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
982 * by this method fails.
983 * @see Field#set
984 */
985 @CallerSensitive
986 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
987 public void setLong(Object obj, long l)
988 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
989 {
990 if (!override) {
991 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
992 checkAccess(caller, obj);
993 }
994 getFieldAccessor(obj).setLong(obj, l);
995 }
996
997 /**
998 * Sets the value of a field as a {@code float} on the specified object.
999 * This method is equivalent to
1000 * {@code set(obj, fObj)},
1001 * where {@code fObj} is a {@code Float} object and
1002 * {@code fObj.floatValue() == f}.
1003 *
1004 * @param obj the object whose field should be modified
1005 * @param f the new value for the field of {@code obj}
1006 * being modified
1007 *
1008 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
1009 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
1010 * field is either inaccessible or final.
1011 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not an
1012 * instance of the class or interface declaring the underlying
1013 * field (or a subclass or implementor thereof),
1014 * or if an unwrapping conversion fails.
1015 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
1016 * and the field is an instance field.
1017 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
1018 * by this method fails.
1019 * @see Field#set
1020 */
1021 @CallerSensitive
1022 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
1023 public void setFloat(Object obj, float f)
1024 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
1025 {
1026 if (!override) {
1027 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
1028 checkAccess(caller, obj);
1029 }
1030 getFieldAccessor(obj).setFloat(obj, f);
1031 }
1032
1033 /**
1034 * Sets the value of a field as a {@code double} on the specified object.
1035 * This method is equivalent to
1036 * {@code set(obj, dObj)},
1037 * where {@code dObj} is a {@code Double} object and
1038 * {@code dObj.doubleValue() == d}.
1039 *
1040 * @param obj the object whose field should be modified
1041 * @param d the new value for the field of {@code obj}
1042 * being modified
1043 *
1044 * @exception IllegalAccessException if this {@code Field} object
1045 * is enforcing Java language access control and the underlying
1046 * field is either inaccessible or final.
1047 * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the specified object is not an
1048 * instance of the class or interface declaring the underlying
1049 * field (or a subclass or implementor thereof),
1050 * or if an unwrapping conversion fails.
1051 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified object is null
1052 * and the field is an instance field.
1053 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
1054 * by this method fails.
1055 * @see Field#set
1056 */
1057 @CallerSensitive
1058 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
1059 public void setDouble(Object obj, double d)
1060 throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException
1061 {
1062 if (!override) {
1063 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
1064 checkAccess(caller, obj);
1065 }
1066 getFieldAccessor(obj).setDouble(obj, d);
1067 }
1068
1069 // check access to field
1070 private void checkAccess(Class<?> caller, Object obj)
1071 throws IllegalAccessException
1072 {
1073 checkAccess(caller, clazz,
1074 Modifier.isStatic(modifiers) ? null : obj.getClass(),
1075 modifiers);
1076 }
1077
1078 // security check is done before calling this method
1079 private FieldAccessor getFieldAccessor(Object obj)
1080 throws IllegalAccessException
1081 {
1082 boolean ov = override;
1083 FieldAccessor a = (ov) ? overrideFieldAccessor : fieldAccessor;
1084 return (a != null) ? a : acquireFieldAccessor(ov);
1085 }
1086
1087 // NOTE that there is no synchronization used here. It is correct
1088 // (though not efficient) to generate more than one FieldAccessor
1089 // for a given Field. However, avoiding synchronization will
1090 // probably make the implementation more scalable.
1091 private FieldAccessor acquireFieldAccessor(boolean overrideFinalCheck) {
1092 // First check to see if one has been created yet, and take it
1093 // if so
1094 FieldAccessor tmp = null;
1095 if (root != null) tmp = root.getFieldAccessor(overrideFinalCheck);
1096 if (tmp != null) {
1097 if (overrideFinalCheck)
1098 overrideFieldAccessor = tmp;
1099 else
1100 fieldAccessor = tmp;
1101 } else {
1102 // Otherwise fabricate one and propagate it up to the root
1103 tmp = reflectionFactory.newFieldAccessor(this, overrideFinalCheck);
1104 setFieldAccessor(tmp, overrideFinalCheck);
1105 }
1106
1107 return tmp;
1108 }
1109
1110 // Returns FieldAccessor for this Field object, not looking up
1111 // the chain to the root
1112 private FieldAccessor getFieldAccessor(boolean overrideFinalCheck) {
1113 return (overrideFinalCheck)? overrideFieldAccessor : fieldAccessor;
1114 }
1115
1116 // Sets the FieldAccessor for this Field object and
1117 // (recursively) its root
1118 private void setFieldAccessor(FieldAccessor accessor, boolean overrideFinalCheck) {
1119 if (overrideFinalCheck)
1120 overrideFieldAccessor = accessor;
1121 else
1122 fieldAccessor = accessor;
1123 // Propagate up
1124 if (root != null) {
1125 root.setFieldAccessor(accessor, overrideFinalCheck);
1126 }
1127 }
1128
1129 @Override
1130 Field getRoot() {
1131 return root;
1132 }
1133
1134 /**
1135 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
1136 * @since 1.5
1137 */
1138 public <T extends Annotation> T getAnnotation(Class<T> annotationClass) {
1139 Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass);
1140 return annotationClass.cast(declaredAnnotations().get(annotationClass));
1141 }
1142
1143 /**
1144 * {@inheritDoc}
1145 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
1146 * @since 1.8
1147 */
1148 @Override
1149 public <T extends Annotation> T[] getAnnotationsByType(Class<T> annotationClass) {
1150 Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass);
1151
1152 return AnnotationSupport.getDirectlyAndIndirectlyPresent(declaredAnnotations(), annotationClass);
1153 }
1154
1155 /**
1156 * {@inheritDoc}
1157 */
1158 public Annotation[] getDeclaredAnnotations() {
1159 return AnnotationParser.toArray(declaredAnnotations());
1160 }
1161
1162 private transient volatile Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> declaredAnnotations;
1163
1164 private Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> declaredAnnotations() {
1165 Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> declAnnos;
1166 if ((declAnnos = declaredAnnotations) == null) {
1167 synchronized (this) {
1168 if ((declAnnos = declaredAnnotations) == null) {
1169 Field root = this.root;
1170 if (root != null) {
1171 declAnnos = root.declaredAnnotations();
1172 } else {
1173 declAnnos = AnnotationParser.parseAnnotations(
1174 annotations,
1175 SharedSecrets.getJavaLangAccess()
1176 .getConstantPool(getDeclaringClass()),
1177 getDeclaringClass());
1178 }
1179 declaredAnnotations = declAnnos;
1180 }
1181 }
1182 }
1183 return declAnnos;
1184 }
1185
1186 private native byte[] getTypeAnnotationBytes0();
1187
1188 /**
1189 * Returns an AnnotatedType object that represents the use of a type to specify
1190 * the declared type of the field represented by this Field.
1191 * @return an object representing the declared type of the field
1192 * represented by this Field
1193 *
1194 * @since 1.8
1195 */
1196 public AnnotatedType getAnnotatedType() {
1197 return TypeAnnotationParser.buildAnnotatedType(getTypeAnnotationBytes0(),
1198 SharedSecrets.getJavaLangAccess().
1199 getConstantPool(getDeclaringClass()),
1200 this,
1201 getDeclaringClass(),
1202 getGenericType(),
1203 TypeAnnotation.TypeAnnotationTarget.FIELD);
1204 }
1205 }