1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1994, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
8 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
9 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
10 *
11 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
12 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
13 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
14 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
15 * accompanied this code).
16 *
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
18 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
19 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20 *
21 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
22 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
23 * questions.
24 */
25
26 package java.lang;
27
28 import java.lang.reflect.Array;
29 import java.lang.reflect.GenericArrayType;
30 import java.lang.reflect.Member;
31 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
32 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
33 import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
34 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
35 import java.lang.reflect.Type;
36 import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
37 import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
38 import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
39 import java.io.InputStream;
40 import java.io.ObjectStreamField;
41 import java.security.AccessController;
42 import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
43 import java.util.ArrayList;
44 import java.util.Arrays;
45 import java.util.Collection;
46 import java.util.HashSet;
47 import java.util.List;
48 import java.util.Set;
49 import java.util.Map;
50 import java.util.HashMap;
51 import sun.misc.Unsafe;
52 import sun.reflect.ConstantPool;
53 import sun.reflect.Reflection;
54 import sun.reflect.ReflectionFactory;
55 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.CoreReflectionFactory;
56 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.GenericsFactory;
57 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ClassRepository;
58 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.MethodRepository;
59 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ConstructorRepository;
60 import sun.reflect.generics.scope.ClassScope;
61 import sun.security.util.SecurityConstants;
62 import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
63 import sun.reflect.annotation.*;
64
65 /**
66 * Instances of the class {@code Class} represent classes and
67 * interfaces in a running Java application. An enum is a kind of
68 * class and an annotation is a kind of interface. Every array also
69 * belongs to a class that is reflected as a {@code Class} object
70 * that is shared by all arrays with the same element type and number
71 * of dimensions. The primitive Java types ({@code boolean},
72 * {@code byte}, {@code char}, {@code short},
73 * {@code int}, {@code long}, {@code float}, and
74 * {@code double}), and the keyword {@code void} are also
75 * represented as {@code Class} objects.
76 *
77 * <p> {@code Class} has no public constructor. Instead {@code Class}
78 * objects are constructed automatically by the Java Virtual Machine as classes
79 * are loaded and by calls to the {@code defineClass} method in the class
80 * loader.
81 *
82 * <p> The following example uses a {@code Class} object to print the
83 * class name of an object:
84 *
85 * <p> <blockquote><pre>
86 * void printClassName(Object obj) {
87 * System.out.println("The class of " + obj +
88 * " is " + obj.getClass().getName());
89 * }
90 * </pre></blockquote>
91 *
92 * <p> It is also possible to get the {@code Class} object for a named
93 * type (or for void) using a class literal. See Section 15.8.2 of
94 * <cite>The Java™ Language Specification</cite>.
95 * For example:
96 *
97 * <p> <blockquote>
98 * {@code System.out.println("The name of class Foo is: "+Foo.class.getName());}
99 * </blockquote>
100 *
101 * @param <T> the type of the class modeled by this {@code Class}
102 * object. For example, the type of {@code String.class} is {@code
103 * Class<String>}. Use {@code Class<?>} if the class being modeled is
104 * unknown.
105 *
106 * @author unascribed
107 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#defineClass(byte[], int, int)
108 * @since JDK1.0
109 */
110 public final
111 class Class<T> implements java.io.Serializable,
112 java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration,
113 java.lang.reflect.Type,
114 java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement {
115 private static final int ANNOTATION= 0x00002000;
116 private static final int ENUM = 0x00004000;
117 private static final int SYNTHETIC = 0x00001000;
118
119 private static native void registerNatives();
120 static {
121 registerNatives();
122 }
123
124 /*
125 * Constructor. Only the Java Virtual Machine creates Class
126 * objects.
127 */
128 private Class() {}
129
130
131 /**
132 * Converts the object to a string. The string representation is the
133 * string "class" or "interface", followed by a space, and then by the
134 * fully qualified name of the class in the format returned by
135 * {@code getName}. If this {@code Class} object represents a
136 * primitive type, this method returns the name of the primitive type. If
137 * this {@code Class} object represents void this method returns
138 * "void".
139 *
140 * @return a string representation of this class object.
141 */
142 public String toString() {
143 return (isInterface() ? "interface " : (isPrimitive() ? "" : "class "))
144 + getName();
145 }
146
147
148 /**
149 * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
150 * interface with the given string name. Invoking this method is
151 * equivalent to:
152 *
153 * <blockquote>
154 * {@code Class.forName(className, true, currentLoader)}
155 * </blockquote>
156 *
157 * where {@code currentLoader} denotes the defining class loader of
158 * the current class.
159 *
160 * <p> For example, the following code fragment returns the
161 * runtime {@code Class} descriptor for the class named
162 * {@code java.lang.Thread}:
163 *
164 * <blockquote>
165 * {@code Class t = Class.forName("java.lang.Thread")}
166 * </blockquote>
167 * <p>
168 * A call to {@code forName("X")} causes the class named
169 * {@code X} to be initialized.
170 *
171 * @param className the fully qualified name of the desired class.
172 * @return the {@code Class} object for the class with the
173 * specified name.
174 * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
175 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
176 * by this method fails
177 * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located
178 */
179 public static Class<?> forName(String className)
180 throws ClassNotFoundException {
181 return forName0(className, true, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
182 }
183
184
185 /**
186 * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
187 * interface with the given string name, using the given class loader.
188 * Given the fully qualified name for a class or interface (in the same
189 * format returned by {@code getName}) this method attempts to
190 * locate, load, and link the class or interface. The specified class
191 * loader is used to load the class or interface. If the parameter
192 * {@code loader} is null, the class is loaded through the bootstrap
193 * class loader. The class is initialized only if the
194 * {@code initialize} parameter is {@code true} and if it has
195 * not been initialized earlier.
196 *
197 * <p> If {@code name} denotes a primitive type or void, an attempt
198 * will be made to locate a user-defined class in the unnamed package whose
199 * name is {@code name}. Therefore, this method cannot be used to
200 * obtain any of the {@code Class} objects representing primitive
201 * types or void.
202 *
203 * <p> If {@code name} denotes an array class, the component type of
204 * the array class is loaded but not initialized.
205 *
206 * <p> For example, in an instance method the expression:
207 *
208 * <blockquote>
209 * {@code Class.forName("Foo")}
210 * </blockquote>
211 *
212 * is equivalent to:
213 *
214 * <blockquote>
215 * {@code Class.forName("Foo", true, this.getClass().getClassLoader())}
216 * </blockquote>
217 *
218 * Note that this method throws errors related to loading, linking or
219 * initializing as specified in Sections 12.2, 12.3 and 12.4 of <em>The
220 * Java Language Specification</em>.
221 * Note that this method does not check whether the requested class
222 * is accessible to its caller.
223 *
224 * <p> If the {@code loader} is {@code null}, and a security
225 * manager is present, and the caller's class loader is not null, then this
226 * method calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission} method
227 * with a {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")} permission to
228 * ensure it's ok to access the bootstrap class loader.
229 *
230 * @param name fully qualified name of the desired class
231 * @param initialize whether the class must be initialized
232 * @param loader class loader from which the class must be loaded
233 * @return class object representing the desired class
234 *
235 * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
236 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
237 * by this method fails
238 * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located by
239 * the specified class loader
240 *
241 * @see java.lang.Class#forName(String)
242 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader
243 * @since 1.2
244 */
245 public static Class<?> forName(String name, boolean initialize,
246 ClassLoader loader)
247 throws ClassNotFoundException
248 {
249 if (loader == null) {
250 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
251 if (sm != null) {
252 ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader();
253 if (ccl != null) {
254 sm.checkPermission(
255 SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION);
256 }
257 }
258 }
259 return forName0(name, initialize, loader);
260 }
261
262 /** Called after security checks have been made. */
263 private static native Class<?> forName0(String name, boolean initialize,
264 ClassLoader loader)
265 throws ClassNotFoundException;
266
267 /**
268 * Creates a new instance of the class represented by this {@code Class}
269 * object. The class is instantiated as if by a {@code new}
270 * expression with an empty argument list. The class is initialized if it
271 * has not already been initialized.
272 *
273 * <p>Note that this method propagates any exception thrown by the
274 * nullary constructor, including a checked exception. Use of
275 * this method effectively bypasses the compile-time exception
276 * checking that would otherwise be performed by the compiler.
277 * The {@link
278 * java.lang.reflect.Constructor#newInstance(java.lang.Object...)
279 * Constructor.newInstance} method avoids this problem by wrapping
280 * any exception thrown by the constructor in a (checked) {@link
281 * java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException}.
282 *
283 * @return a newly allocated instance of the class represented by this
284 * object.
285 * @exception IllegalAccessException if the class or its nullary
286 * constructor is not accessible.
287 * @exception InstantiationException
288 * if this {@code Class} represents an abstract class,
289 * an interface, an array class, a primitive type, or void;
290 * or if the class has no nullary constructor;
291 * or if the instantiation fails for some other reason.
292 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization
293 * provoked by this method fails.
294 * @exception SecurityException
295 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
296 * following conditions is met:
297 *
298 * <ul>
299 *
300 * <li> invocation of
301 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
302 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
303 * creation of new instances of this class
304 *
305 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
306 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
307 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
308 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
309 * of this class
310 *
311 * </ul>
312 *
313 */
314 public T newInstance()
315 throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
316 {
317 if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
318 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
319 }
320 return newInstance0();
321 }
322
323 private T newInstance0()
324 throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
325 {
326 // NOTE: the following code may not be strictly correct under
327 // the current Java memory model.
328
329 // Constructor lookup
330 if (cachedConstructor == null) {
331 if (this == Class.class) {
332 throw new IllegalAccessException(
333 "Can not call newInstance() on the Class for java.lang.Class"
334 );
335 }
336 try {
337 Class<?>[] empty = {};
338 final Constructor<T> c = getConstructor0(empty, Member.DECLARED);
339 // Disable accessibility checks on the constructor
340 // since we have to do the security check here anyway
341 // (the stack depth is wrong for the Constructor's
342 // security check to work)
343 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
344 new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
345 public Void run() {
346 c.setAccessible(true);
347 return null;
348 }
349 });
350 cachedConstructor = c;
351 } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
352 throw (InstantiationException)
353 new InstantiationException(getName()).initCause(e);
354 }
355 }
356 Constructor<T> tmpConstructor = cachedConstructor;
357 // Security check (same as in java.lang.reflect.Constructor)
358 int modifiers = tmpConstructor.getModifiers();
359 if (!Reflection.quickCheckMemberAccess(this, modifiers)) {
360 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass(3);
361 if (newInstanceCallerCache != caller) {
362 Reflection.ensureMemberAccess(caller, this, null, modifiers);
363 newInstanceCallerCache = caller;
364 }
365 }
366 // Run constructor
367 try {
368 return tmpConstructor.newInstance((Object[])null);
369 } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
370 Unsafe.getUnsafe().throwException(e.getTargetException());
371 // Not reached
372 return null;
373 }
374 }
375 private volatile transient Constructor<T> cachedConstructor;
376 private volatile transient Class<?> newInstanceCallerCache;
377
378
379 /**
380 * Determines if the specified {@code Object} is assignment-compatible
381 * with the object represented by this {@code Class}. This method is
382 * the dynamic equivalent of the Java language {@code instanceof}
383 * operator. The method returns {@code true} if the specified
384 * {@code Object} argument is non-null and can be cast to the
385 * reference type represented by this {@code Class} object without
386 * raising a {@code ClassCastException.} It returns {@code false}
387 * otherwise.
388 *
389 * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a
390 * declared class, this method returns {@code true} if the specified
391 * {@code Object} argument is an instance of the represented class (or
392 * of any of its subclasses); it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
393 * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, this method
394 * returns {@code true} if the specified {@code Object} argument
395 * can be converted to an object of the array class by an identity
396 * conversion or by a widening reference conversion; it returns
397 * {@code false} otherwise. If this {@code Class} object
398 * represents an interface, this method returns {@code true} if the
399 * class or any superclass of the specified {@code Object} argument
400 * implements this interface; it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
401 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, this method
402 * returns {@code false}.
403 *
404 * @param obj the object to check
405 * @return true if {@code obj} is an instance of this class
406 *
407 * @since JDK1.1
408 */
409 public native boolean isInstance(Object obj);
410
411
412 /**
413 * Determines if the class or interface represented by this
414 * {@code Class} object is either the same as, or is a superclass or
415 * superinterface of, the class or interface represented by the specified
416 * {@code Class} parameter. It returns {@code true} if so;
417 * otherwise it returns {@code false}. If this {@code Class}
418 * object represents a primitive type, this method returns
419 * {@code true} if the specified {@code Class} parameter is
420 * exactly this {@code Class} object; otherwise it returns
421 * {@code false}.
422 *
423 * <p> Specifically, this method tests whether the type represented by the
424 * specified {@code Class} parameter can be converted to the type
425 * represented by this {@code Class} object via an identity conversion
426 * or via a widening reference conversion. See <em>The Java Language
427 * Specification</em>, sections 5.1.1 and 5.1.4 , for details.
428 *
429 * @param cls the {@code Class} object to be checked
430 * @return the {@code boolean} value indicating whether objects of the
431 * type {@code cls} can be assigned to objects of this class
432 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified Class parameter is
433 * null.
434 * @since JDK1.1
435 */
436 public native boolean isAssignableFrom(Class<?> cls);
437
438
439 /**
440 * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents an
441 * interface type.
442 *
443 * @return {@code true} if this object represents an interface;
444 * {@code false} otherwise.
445 */
446 public native boolean isInterface();
447
448
449 /**
450 * Determines if this {@code Class} object represents an array class.
451 *
452 * @return {@code true} if this object represents an array class;
453 * {@code false} otherwise.
454 * @since JDK1.1
455 */
456 public native boolean isArray();
457
458
459 /**
460 * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents a
461 * primitive type.
462 *
463 * <p> There are nine predefined {@code Class} objects to represent
464 * the eight primitive types and void. These are created by the Java
465 * Virtual Machine, and have the same names as the primitive types that
466 * they represent, namely {@code boolean}, {@code byte},
467 * {@code char}, {@code short}, {@code int},
468 * {@code long}, {@code float}, and {@code double}.
469 *
470 * <p> These objects may only be accessed via the following public static
471 * final variables, and are the only {@code Class} objects for which
472 * this method returns {@code true}.
473 *
474 * @return true if and only if this class represents a primitive type
475 *
476 * @see java.lang.Boolean#TYPE
477 * @see java.lang.Character#TYPE
478 * @see java.lang.Byte#TYPE
479 * @see java.lang.Short#TYPE
480 * @see java.lang.Integer#TYPE
481 * @see java.lang.Long#TYPE
482 * @see java.lang.Float#TYPE
483 * @see java.lang.Double#TYPE
484 * @see java.lang.Void#TYPE
485 * @since JDK1.1
486 */
487 public native boolean isPrimitive();
488
489 /**
490 * Returns true if this {@code Class} object represents an annotation
491 * type. Note that if this method returns true, {@link #isInterface()}
492 * would also return true, as all annotation types are also interfaces.
493 *
494 * @return {@code true} if this class object represents an annotation
495 * type; {@code false} otherwise
496 * @since 1.5
497 */
498 public boolean isAnnotation() {
499 return (getModifiers() & ANNOTATION) != 0;
500 }
501
502 /**
503 * Returns {@code true} if this class is a synthetic class;
504 * returns {@code false} otherwise.
505 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a synthetic class as
506 * defined by the Java Language Specification.
507 * @since 1.5
508 */
509 public boolean isSynthetic() {
510 return (getModifiers() & SYNTHETIC) != 0;
511 }
512
513 /**
514 * Returns the name of the entity (class, interface, array class,
515 * primitive type, or void) represented by this {@code Class} object,
516 * as a {@code String}.
517 *
518 * <p> If this class object represents a reference type that is not an
519 * array type then the binary name of the class is returned, as specified
520 * by
521 * <cite>The Java™ Language Specification</cite>.
522 *
523 * <p> If this class object represents a primitive type or void, then the
524 * name returned is a {@code String} equal to the Java language
525 * keyword corresponding to the primitive type or void.
526 *
527 * <p> If this class object represents a class of arrays, then the internal
528 * form of the name consists of the name of the element type preceded by
529 * one or more '{@code [}' characters representing the depth of the array
530 * nesting. The encoding of element type names is as follows:
531 *
532 * <blockquote><table summary="Element types and encodings">
533 * <tr><th> Element Type <th> <th> Encoding
534 * <tr><td> boolean <td> <td align=center> Z
535 * <tr><td> byte <td> <td align=center> B
536 * <tr><td> char <td> <td align=center> C
537 * <tr><td> class or interface
538 * <td> <td align=center> L<i>classname</i>;
539 * <tr><td> double <td> <td align=center> D
540 * <tr><td> float <td> <td align=center> F
541 * <tr><td> int <td> <td align=center> I
542 * <tr><td> long <td> <td align=center> J
543 * <tr><td> short <td> <td align=center> S
544 * </table></blockquote>
545 *
546 * <p> The class or interface name <i>classname</i> is the binary name of
547 * the class specified above.
548 *
549 * <p> Examples:
550 * <blockquote><pre>
551 * String.class.getName()
552 * returns "java.lang.String"
553 * byte.class.getName()
554 * returns "byte"
555 * (new Object[3]).getClass().getName()
556 * returns "[Ljava.lang.Object;"
557 * (new int[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]).getClass().getName()
558 * returns "[[[[[[[I"
559 * </pre></blockquote>
560 *
561 * @return the name of the class or interface
562 * represented by this object.
563 */
564 public String getName() {
565 String name = this.name;
566 if (name == null)
567 this.name = name = getName0();
568 return name;
569 }
570
571 // cache the name to reduce the number of calls into the VM
572 private transient String name;
573 private native String getName0();
574
575 /**
576 * Returns the class loader for the class. Some implementations may use
577 * null to represent the bootstrap class loader. This method will return
578 * null in such implementations if this class was loaded by the bootstrap
579 * class loader.
580 *
581 * <p> If a security manager is present, and the caller's class loader is
582 * not null and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of
583 * the class loader for the class whose class loader is requested, then
584 * this method calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission}
585 * method with a {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")}
586 * permission to ensure it's ok to access the class loader for the class.
587 *
588 * <p>If this object
589 * represents a primitive type or void, null is returned.
590 *
591 * @return the class loader that loaded the class or interface
592 * represented by this object.
593 * @throws SecurityException
594 * if a security manager exists and its
595 * {@code checkPermission} method denies
596 * access to the class loader for the class.
597 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader
598 * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
599 * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
600 */
601 public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
602 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
603 if (cl == null)
604 return null;
605 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
606 if (sm != null) {
607 ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader();
608 if (ClassLoader.needsClassLoaderPermissionCheck(ccl, cl)) {
609 sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION);
610 }
611 }
612 return cl;
613 }
614
615 // Package-private to allow ClassLoader access
616 native ClassLoader getClassLoader0();
617
618
619 /**
620 * Returns an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent the
621 * type variables declared by the generic declaration represented by this
622 * {@code GenericDeclaration} object, in declaration order. Returns an
623 * array of length 0 if the underlying generic declaration declares no type
624 * variables.
625 *
626 * @return an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent
627 * the type variables declared by this generic declaration
628 * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic
629 * signature of this generic declaration does not conform to
630 * the format specified in
631 * <cite>The Java™ Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
632 * @since 1.5
633 */
634 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
635 public TypeVariable<Class<T>>[] getTypeParameters() {
636 if (getGenericSignature() != null)
637 return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])getGenericInfo().getTypeParameters();
638 else
639 return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])new TypeVariable<?>[0];
640 }
641
642
643 /**
644 * Returns the {@code Class} representing the superclass of the entity
645 * (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by this
646 * {@code Class}. If this {@code Class} represents either the
647 * {@code Object} class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then
648 * null is returned. If this object represents an array class then the
649 * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is
650 * returned.
651 *
652 * @return the superclass of the class represented by this object.
653 */
654 public native Class<? super T> getSuperclass();
655
656
657 /**
658 * Returns the {@code Type} representing the direct superclass of
659 * the entity (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by
660 * this {@code Class}.
661 *
662 * <p>If the superclass is a parameterized type, the {@code Type}
663 * object returned must accurately reflect the actual type
664 * parameters used in the source code. The parameterized type
665 * representing the superclass is created if it had not been
666 * created before. See the declaration of {@link
667 * java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType} for the
668 * semantics of the creation process for parameterized types. If
669 * this {@code Class} represents either the {@code Object}
670 * class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then null is
671 * returned. If this object represents an array class then the
672 * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is
673 * returned.
674 *
675 * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic
676 * class signature does not conform to the format specified in
677 * <cite>The Java™ Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
678 * @throws TypeNotPresentException if the generic superclass
679 * refers to a non-existent type declaration
680 * @throws java.lang.reflect.MalformedParameterizedTypeException if the
681 * generic superclass refers to a parameterized type that cannot be
682 * instantiated for any reason
683 * @return the superclass of the class represented by this object
684 * @since 1.5
685 */
686 public Type getGenericSuperclass() {
687 if (getGenericSignature() != null) {
688 // Historical irregularity:
689 // Generic signature marks interfaces with superclass = Object
690 // but this API returns null for interfaces
691 if (isInterface())
692 return null;
693 return getGenericInfo().getSuperclass();
694 } else
695 return getSuperclass();
696 }
697
698 /**
699 * Gets the package for this class. The class loader of this class is used
700 * to find the package. If the class was loaded by the bootstrap class
701 * loader the set of packages loaded from CLASSPATH is searched to find the
702 * package of the class. Null is returned if no package object was created
703 * by the class loader of this class.
704 *
705 * <p> Packages have attributes for versions and specifications only if the
706 * information was defined in the manifests that accompany the classes, and
707 * if the class loader created the package instance with the attributes
708 * from the manifest.
709 *
710 * @return the package of the class, or null if no package
711 * information is available from the archive or codebase.
712 */
713 public Package getPackage() {
714 return Package.getPackage(this);
715 }
716
717
718 /**
719 * Determines the interfaces implemented by the class or interface
720 * represented by this object.
721 *
722 * <p> If this object represents a class, the return value is an array
723 * containing objects representing all interfaces implemented by the
724 * class. The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to
725 * the order of the interface names in the {@code implements} clause
726 * of the declaration of the class represented by this object. For
727 * example, given the declaration:
728 * <blockquote>
729 * {@code class Shimmer implements FloorWax, DessertTopping { ... }}
730 * </blockquote>
731 * suppose the value of {@code s} is an instance of
732 * {@code Shimmer}; the value of the expression:
733 * <blockquote>
734 * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[0]}
735 * </blockquote>
736 * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
737 * {@code FloorWax}; and the value of:
738 * <blockquote>
739 * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[1]}
740 * </blockquote>
741 * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
742 * {@code DessertTopping}.
743 *
744 * <p> If this object represents an interface, the array contains objects
745 * representing all interfaces extended by the interface. The order of the
746 * interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of the interface
747 * names in the {@code extends} clause of the declaration of the
748 * interface represented by this object.
749 *
750 * <p> If this object represents a class or interface that implements no
751 * interfaces, the method returns an array of length 0.
752 *
753 * <p> If this object represents a primitive type or void, the method
754 * returns an array of length 0.
755 *
756 * @return an array of interfaces implemented by this class.
757 */
758 public native Class<?>[] getInterfaces();
759
760 /**
761 * Returns the {@code Type}s representing the interfaces
762 * directly implemented by the class or interface represented by
763 * this object.
764 *
765 * <p>If a superinterface is a parameterized type, the
766 * {@code Type} object returned for it must accurately reflect
767 * the actual type parameters used in the source code. The
768 * parameterized type representing each superinterface is created
769 * if it had not been created before. See the declaration of
770 * {@link java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType}
771 * for the semantics of the creation process for parameterized
772 * types.
773 *
774 * <p> If this object represents a class, the return value is an
775 * array containing objects representing all interfaces
776 * implemented by the class. The order of the interface objects in
777 * the array corresponds to the order of the interface names in
778 * the {@code implements} clause of the declaration of the class
779 * represented by this object. In the case of an array class, the
780 * interfaces {@code Cloneable} and {@code Serializable} are
781 * returned in that order.
782 *
783 * <p>If this object represents an interface, the array contains
784 * objects representing all interfaces directly extended by the
785 * interface. The order of the interface objects in the array
786 * corresponds to the order of the interface names in the
787 * {@code extends} clause of the declaration of the interface
788 * represented by this object.
789 *
790 * <p>If this object represents a class or interface that
791 * implements no interfaces, the method returns an array of length
792 * 0.
793 *
794 * <p>If this object represents a primitive type or void, the
795 * method returns an array of length 0.
796 *
797 * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError
798 * if the generic class signature does not conform to the format
799 * specified in
800 * <cite>The Java™ Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
801 * @throws TypeNotPresentException if any of the generic
802 * superinterfaces refers to a non-existent type declaration
803 * @throws java.lang.reflect.MalformedParameterizedTypeException
804 * if any of the generic superinterfaces refer to a parameterized
805 * type that cannot be instantiated for any reason
806 * @return an array of interfaces implemented by this class
807 * @since 1.5
808 */
809 public Type[] getGenericInterfaces() {
810 if (getGenericSignature() != null)
811 return getGenericInfo().getSuperInterfaces();
812 else
813 return getInterfaces();
814 }
815
816
817 /**
818 * Returns the {@code Class} representing the component type of an
819 * array. If this class does not represent an array class this method
820 * returns null.
821 *
822 * @return the {@code Class} representing the component type of this
823 * class if this class is an array
824 * @see java.lang.reflect.Array
825 * @since JDK1.1
826 */
827 public native Class<?> getComponentType();
828
829
830 /**
831 * Returns the Java language modifiers for this class or interface, encoded
832 * in an integer. The modifiers consist of the Java Virtual Machine's
833 * constants for {@code public}, {@code protected},
834 * {@code private}, {@code final}, {@code static},
835 * {@code abstract} and {@code interface}; they should be decoded
836 * using the methods of class {@code Modifier}.
837 *
838 * <p> If the underlying class is an array class, then its
839 * {@code public}, {@code private} and {@code protected}
840 * modifiers are the same as those of its component type. If this
841 * {@code Class} represents a primitive type or void, its
842 * {@code public} modifier is always {@code true}, and its
843 * {@code protected} and {@code private} modifiers are always
844 * {@code false}. If this object represents an array class, a
845 * primitive type or void, then its {@code final} modifier is always
846 * {@code true} and its interface modifier is always
847 * {@code false}. The values of its other modifiers are not determined
848 * by this specification.
849 *
850 * <p> The modifier encodings are defined in <em>The Java Virtual Machine
851 * Specification</em>, table 4.1.
852 *
853 * @return the {@code int} representing the modifiers for this class
854 * @see java.lang.reflect.Modifier
855 * @since JDK1.1
856 */
857 public native int getModifiers();
858
859
860 /**
861 * Gets the signers of this class.
862 *
863 * @return the signers of this class, or null if there are no signers. In
864 * particular, this method returns null if this object represents
865 * a primitive type or void.
866 * @since JDK1.1
867 */
868 public native Object[] getSigners();
869
870
871 /**
872 * Set the signers of this class.
873 */
874 native void setSigners(Object[] signers);
875
876
877 /**
878 * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous
879 * class within a method, returns a {@link
880 * java.lang.reflect.Method Method} object representing the
881 * immediately enclosing method of the underlying class. Returns
882 * {@code null} otherwise.
883 *
884 * In particular, this method returns {@code null} if the underlying
885 * class is a local or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type
886 * declaration, instance initializer or static initializer.
887 *
888 * @return the immediately enclosing method of the underlying class, if
889 * that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}.
890 * @since 1.5
891 */
892 public Method getEnclosingMethod() {
893 EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
894
895 if (enclosingInfo == null)
896 return null;
897 else {
898 if (!enclosingInfo.isMethod())
899 return null;
900
901 MethodRepository typeInfo = MethodRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(),
902 getFactory());
903 Class<?> returnType = toClass(typeInfo.getReturnType());
904 Type [] parameterTypes = typeInfo.getParameterTypes();
905 Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length];
906
907 // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should*
908 // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used
909 // don't have generics information
910 for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++)
911 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]);
912
913 /*
914 * Loop over all declared methods; match method name,
915 * number of and type of parameters, *and* return
916 * type. Matching return type is also necessary
917 * because of covariant returns, etc.
918 */
919 for(Method m: enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass().getDeclaredMethods()) {
920 if (m.getName().equals(enclosingInfo.getName()) ) {
921 Class<?>[] candidateParamClasses = m.getParameterTypes();
922 if (candidateParamClasses.length == parameterClasses.length) {
923 boolean matches = true;
924 for(int i = 0; i < candidateParamClasses.length; i++) {
925 if (!candidateParamClasses[i].equals(parameterClasses[i])) {
926 matches = false;
927 break;
928 }
929 }
930
931 if (matches) { // finally, check return type
932 if (m.getReturnType().equals(returnType) )
933 return m;
934 }
935 }
936 }
937 }
938
939 throw new InternalError("Enclosing method not found");
940 }
941 }
942
943 private native Object[] getEnclosingMethod0();
944
945 private EnclosingMethodInfo getEnclosingMethodInfo() {
946 Object[] enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethod0();
947 if (enclosingInfo == null)
948 return null;
949 else {
950 return new EnclosingMethodInfo(enclosingInfo);
951 }
952 }
953
954 private final static class EnclosingMethodInfo {
955 private Class<?> enclosingClass;
956 private String name;
957 private String descriptor;
958
959 private EnclosingMethodInfo(Object[] enclosingInfo) {
960 if (enclosingInfo.length != 3)
961 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information");
962 try {
963 // The array is expected to have three elements:
964
965 // the immediately enclosing class
966 enclosingClass = (Class<?>) enclosingInfo[0];
967 assert(enclosingClass != null);
968
969 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's
970 // name (can be null).
971 name = (String) enclosingInfo[1];
972
973 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's
974 // descriptor (null iff name is).
975 descriptor = (String) enclosingInfo[2];
976 assert((name != null && descriptor != null) || name == descriptor);
977 } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
978 throw new InternalError("Invalid type in enclosing method information", cce);
979 }
980 }
981
982 boolean isPartial() {
983 return enclosingClass == null || name == null || descriptor == null;
984 }
985
986 boolean isConstructor() { return !isPartial() && "<init>".equals(name); }
987
988 boolean isMethod() { return !isPartial() && !isConstructor() && !"<clinit>".equals(name); }
989
990 Class<?> getEnclosingClass() { return enclosingClass; }
991
992 String getName() { return name; }
993
994 String getDescriptor() { return descriptor; }
995
996 }
997
998 private static Class<?> toClass(Type o) {
999 if (o instanceof GenericArrayType)
1000 return Array.newInstance(toClass(((GenericArrayType)o).getGenericComponentType()),
1001 0)
1002 .getClass();
1003 return (Class<?>)o;
1004 }
1005
1006 /**
1007 * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous
1008 * class within a constructor, returns a {@link
1009 * java.lang.reflect.Constructor Constructor} object representing
1010 * the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying
1011 * class. Returns {@code null} otherwise. In particular, this
1012 * method returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a local
1013 * or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type declaration,
1014 * instance initializer or static initializer.
1015 *
1016 * @return the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying class, if
1017 * that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}.
1018 * @since 1.5
1019 */
1020 public Constructor<?> getEnclosingConstructor() {
1021 EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
1022
1023 if (enclosingInfo == null)
1024 return null;
1025 else {
1026 if (!enclosingInfo.isConstructor())
1027 return null;
1028
1029 ConstructorRepository typeInfo = ConstructorRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(),
1030 getFactory());
1031 Type [] parameterTypes = typeInfo.getParameterTypes();
1032 Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length];
1033
1034 // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should*
1035 // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used
1036 // don't have generics information
1037 for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++)
1038 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]);
1039
1040 /*
1041 * Loop over all declared constructors; match number
1042 * of and type of parameters.
1043 */
1044 for(Constructor<?> c: enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass().getDeclaredConstructors()) {
1045 Class<?>[] candidateParamClasses = c.getParameterTypes();
1046 if (candidateParamClasses.length == parameterClasses.length) {
1047 boolean matches = true;
1048 for(int i = 0; i < candidateParamClasses.length; i++) {
1049 if (!candidateParamClasses[i].equals(parameterClasses[i])) {
1050 matches = false;
1051 break;
1052 }
1053 }
1054
1055 if (matches)
1056 return c;
1057 }
1058 }
1059
1060 throw new InternalError("Enclosing constructor not found");
1061 }
1062 }
1063
1064
1065 /**
1066 * If the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} object
1067 * is a member of another class, returns the {@code Class} object
1068 * representing the class in which it was declared. This method returns
1069 * null if this class or interface is not a member of any other class. If
1070 * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, a primitive
1071 * type, or void,then this method returns null.
1072 *
1073 * @return the declaring class for this class
1074 * @since JDK1.1
1075 */
1076 public native Class<?> getDeclaringClass();
1077
1078
1079 /**
1080 * Returns the immediately enclosing class of the underlying
1081 * class. If the underlying class is a top level class this
1082 * method returns {@code null}.
1083 * @return the immediately enclosing class of the underlying class
1084 * @since 1.5
1085 */
1086 public Class<?> getEnclosingClass() {
1087 // There are five kinds of classes (or interfaces):
1088 // a) Top level classes
1089 // b) Nested classes (static member classes)
1090 // c) Inner classes (non-static member classes)
1091 // d) Local classes (named classes declared within a method)
1092 // e) Anonymous classes
1093
1094
1095 // JVM Spec 4.8.6: A class must have an EnclosingMethod
1096 // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an
1097 // anonymous class.
1098 EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
1099
1100 if (enclosingInfo == null) {
1101 // This is a top level or a nested class or an inner class (a, b, or c)
1102 return getDeclaringClass();
1103 } else {
1104 Class<?> enclosingClass = enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass();
1105 // This is a local class or an anonymous class (d or e)
1106 if (enclosingClass == this || enclosingClass == null)
1107 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information");
1108 else
1109 return enclosingClass;
1110 }
1111 }
1112
1113 /**
1114 * Returns the simple name of the underlying class as given in the
1115 * source code. Returns an empty string if the underlying class is
1116 * anonymous.
1117 *
1118 * <p>The simple name of an array is the simple name of the
1119 * component type with "[]" appended. In particular the simple
1120 * name of an array whose component type is anonymous is "[]".
1121 *
1122 * @return the simple name of the underlying class
1123 * @since 1.5
1124 */
1125 public String getSimpleName() {
1126 if (isArray())
1127 return getComponentType().getSimpleName()+"[]";
1128
1129 String simpleName = getSimpleBinaryName();
1130 if (simpleName == null) { // top level class
1131 simpleName = getName();
1132 return simpleName.substring(simpleName.lastIndexOf(".")+1); // strip the package name
1133 }
1134 // According to JLS3 "Binary Compatibility" (13.1) the binary
1135 // name of non-package classes (not top level) is the binary
1136 // name of the immediately enclosing class followed by a '$' followed by:
1137 // (for nested and inner classes): the simple name.
1138 // (for local classes): 1 or more digits followed by the simple name.
1139 // (for anonymous classes): 1 or more digits.
1140
1141 // Since getSimpleBinaryName() will strip the binary name of
1142 // the immediatly enclosing class, we are now looking at a
1143 // string that matches the regular expression "\$[0-9]*"
1144 // followed by a simple name (considering the simple of an
1145 // anonymous class to be the empty string).
1146
1147 // Remove leading "\$[0-9]*" from the name
1148 int length = simpleName.length();
1149 if (length < 1 || simpleName.charAt(0) != '$')
1150 throw new InternalError("Malformed class name");
1151 int index = 1;
1152 while (index < length && isAsciiDigit(simpleName.charAt(index)))
1153 index++;
1154 // Eventually, this is the empty string iff this is an anonymous class
1155 return simpleName.substring(index);
1156 }
1157
1158 /**
1159 * Character.isDigit answers {@code true} to some non-ascii
1160 * digits. This one does not.
1161 */
1162 private static boolean isAsciiDigit(char c) {
1163 return '0' <= c && c <= '9';
1164 }
1165
1166 /**
1167 * Returns the canonical name of the underlying class as
1168 * defined by the Java Language Specification. Returns null if
1169 * the underlying class does not have a canonical name (i.e., if
1170 * it is a local or anonymous class or an array whose component
1171 * type does not have a canonical name).
1172 * @return the canonical name of the underlying class if it exists, and
1173 * {@code null} otherwise.
1174 * @since 1.5
1175 */
1176 public String getCanonicalName() {
1177 if (isArray()) {
1178 String canonicalName = getComponentType().getCanonicalName();
1179 if (canonicalName != null)
1180 return canonicalName + "[]";
1181 else
1182 return null;
1183 }
1184 if (isLocalOrAnonymousClass())
1185 return null;
1186 Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass();
1187 if (enclosingClass == null) { // top level class
1188 return getName();
1189 } else {
1190 String enclosingName = enclosingClass.getCanonicalName();
1191 if (enclosingName == null)
1192 return null;
1193 return enclosingName + "." + getSimpleName();
1194 }
1195 }
1196
1197 /**
1198 * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1199 * is an anonymous class.
1200 *
1201 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is an anonymous class.
1202 * @since 1.5
1203 */
1204 public boolean isAnonymousClass() {
1205 return "".equals(getSimpleName());
1206 }
1207
1208 /**
1209 * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1210 * is a local class.
1211 *
1212 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a local class.
1213 * @since 1.5
1214 */
1215 public boolean isLocalClass() {
1216 return isLocalOrAnonymousClass() && !isAnonymousClass();
1217 }
1218
1219 /**
1220 * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1221 * is a member class.
1222 *
1223 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a member class.
1224 * @since 1.5
1225 */
1226 public boolean isMemberClass() {
1227 return getSimpleBinaryName() != null && !isLocalOrAnonymousClass();
1228 }
1229
1230 /**
1231 * Returns the "simple binary name" of the underlying class, i.e.,
1232 * the binary name without the leading enclosing class name.
1233 * Returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a top level
1234 * class.
1235 */
1236 private String getSimpleBinaryName() {
1237 Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass();
1238 if (enclosingClass == null) // top level class
1239 return null;
1240 // Otherwise, strip the enclosing class' name
1241 try {
1242 return getName().substring(enclosingClass.getName().length());
1243 } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
1244 throw new InternalError("Malformed class name", ex);
1245 }
1246 }
1247
1248 /**
1249 * Returns {@code true} if this is a local class or an anonymous
1250 * class. Returns {@code false} otherwise.
1251 */
1252 private boolean isLocalOrAnonymousClass() {
1253 // JVM Spec 4.8.6: A class must have an EnclosingMethod
1254 // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an
1255 // anonymous class.
1256 return getEnclosingMethodInfo() != null;
1257 }
1258
1259 /**
1260 * Returns an array containing {@code Class} objects representing all
1261 * the public classes and interfaces that are members of the class
1262 * represented by this {@code Class} object. This includes public
1263 * class and interface members inherited from superclasses and public class
1264 * and interface members declared by the class. This method returns an
1265 * array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object has no public member
1266 * classes or interfaces. This method also returns an array of length 0 if
1267 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, an array
1268 * class, or void.
1269 *
1270 * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing the public
1271 * members of this class
1272 * @exception SecurityException
1273 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1274 * following conditions is met:
1275 *
1276 * <ul>
1277 *
1278 * <li> invocation of
1279 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1280 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} method
1281 * denies access to the classes within this class
1282 *
1283 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1284 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1285 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1286 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1287 * of this class
1288 *
1289 * </ul>
1290 *
1291 * @since JDK1.1
1292 */
1293 public Class<?>[] getClasses() {
1294 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1295 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1296 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1297 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1298
1299 // Privileged so this implementation can look at DECLARED classes,
1300 // something the caller might not have privilege to do. The code here
1301 // is allowed to look at DECLARED classes because (1) it does not hand
1302 // out anything other than public members and (2) public member access
1303 // has already been ok'd by the SecurityManager.
1304
1305 return java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
1306 new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Class<?>[]>() {
1307 public Class<?>[] run() {
1308 List<Class<?>> list = new ArrayList<>();
1309 Class<?> currentClass = Class.this;
1310 while (currentClass != null) {
1311 Class<?>[] members = currentClass.getDeclaredClasses();
1312 for (int i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
1313 if (Modifier.isPublic(members[i].getModifiers())) {
1314 list.add(members[i]);
1315 }
1316 }
1317 currentClass = currentClass.getSuperclass();
1318 }
1319 return list.toArray(new Class<?>[0]);
1320 }
1321 });
1322 }
1323
1324
1325 /**
1326 * Returns an array containing {@code Field} objects reflecting all
1327 * the accessible public fields of the class or interface represented by
1328 * this {@code Class} object. The elements in the array returned are
1329 * not sorted and are not in any particular order. This method returns an
1330 * array of length 0 if the class or interface has no accessible public
1331 * fields, or if it represents an array class, a primitive type, or void.
1332 *
1333 * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a class,
1334 * this method returns the public fields of this class and of all its
1335 * superclasses. If this {@code Class} object represents an
1336 * interface, this method returns the fields of this interface and of all
1337 * its superinterfaces.
1338 *
1339 * <p> The implicit length field for array class is not reflected by this
1340 * method. User code should use the methods of class {@code Array} to
1341 * manipulate arrays.
1342 *
1343 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
1344 *
1345 * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing the
1346 * public fields
1347 * @exception SecurityException
1348 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1349 * following conditions is met:
1350 *
1351 * <ul>
1352 *
1353 * <li> invocation of
1354 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1355 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1356 * access to the fields within this class
1357 *
1358 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1359 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1360 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1361 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1362 * of this class
1363 *
1364 * </ul>
1365 *
1366 * @since JDK1.1
1367 */
1368 public Field[] getFields() throws SecurityException {
1369 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1370 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1371 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1372 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1373 return copyFields(privateGetPublicFields(null));
1374 }
1375
1376
1377 /**
1378 * Returns an array containing {@code Method} objects reflecting all
1379 * the public <em>member</em> methods of the class or interface represented
1380 * by this {@code Class} object, including those declared by the class
1381 * or interface and those inherited from superclasses and
1382 * superinterfaces. Array classes return all the (public) member methods
1383 * inherited from the {@code Object} class. The elements in the array
1384 * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order. This
1385 * method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object
1386 * represents a class or interface that has no public member methods, or if
1387 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type or void.
1388 *
1389 * <p> The class initialization method {@code <clinit>} is not
1390 * included in the returned array. If the class declares multiple public
1391 * member methods with the same parameter types, they are all included in
1392 * the returned array.
1393 *
1394 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.4.
1395 *
1396 * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing the
1397 * public methods of this class
1398 * @exception SecurityException
1399 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1400 * following conditions is met:
1401 *
1402 * <ul>
1403 *
1404 * <li> invocation of
1405 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1406 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1407 * access to the methods within this class
1408 *
1409 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1410 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1411 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1412 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1413 * of this class
1414 *
1415 * </ul>
1416 *
1417 * @since JDK1.1
1418 */
1419 public Method[] getMethods() throws SecurityException {
1420 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1421 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1422 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1423 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1424 return copyMethods(privateGetPublicMethods());
1425 }
1426
1427
1428 /**
1429 * Returns an array containing {@code Constructor} objects reflecting
1430 * all the public constructors of the class represented by this
1431 * {@code Class} object. An array of length 0 is returned if the
1432 * class has no public constructors, or if the class is an array class, or
1433 * if the class reflects a primitive type or void.
1434 *
1435 * Note that while this method returns an array of {@code
1436 * Constructor<T>} objects (that is an array of constructors from
1437 * this class), the return type of this method is {@code
1438 * Constructor<?>[]} and <em>not</em> {@code Constructor<T>[]} as
1439 * might be expected. This less informative return type is
1440 * necessary since after being returned from this method, the
1441 * array could be modified to hold {@code Constructor} objects for
1442 * different classes, which would violate the type guarantees of
1443 * {@code Constructor<T>[]}.
1444 *
1445 * @return the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing the
1446 * public constructors of this class
1447 * @exception SecurityException
1448 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1449 * following conditions is met:
1450 *
1451 * <ul>
1452 *
1453 * <li> invocation of
1454 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1455 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1456 * access to the constructors within this class
1457 *
1458 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1459 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1460 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1461 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1462 * of this class
1463 *
1464 * </ul>
1465 *
1466 * @since JDK1.1
1467 */
1468 public Constructor<?>[] getConstructors() throws SecurityException {
1469 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1470 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1471 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1472 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1473 return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(true));
1474 }
1475
1476
1477 /**
1478 * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified public
1479 * member field of the class or interface represented by this
1480 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1481 * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired field.
1482 *
1483 * <p> The field to be reflected is determined by the algorithm that
1484 * follows. Let C be the class represented by this object:
1485 * <OL>
1486 * <LI> If C declares a public field with the name specified, that is the
1487 * field to be reflected.</LI>
1488 * <LI> If no field was found in step 1 above, this algorithm is applied
1489 * recursively to each direct superinterface of C. The direct
1490 * superinterfaces are searched in the order they were declared.</LI>
1491 * <LI> If no field was found in steps 1 and 2 above, and C has a
1492 * superclass S, then this algorithm is invoked recursively upon S.
1493 * If C has no superclass, then a {@code NoSuchFieldException}
1494 * is thrown.</LI>
1495 * </OL>
1496 *
1497 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
1498 *
1499 * @param name the field name
1500 * @return the {@code Field} object of this class specified by
1501 * {@code name}
1502 * @exception NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
1503 * not found.
1504 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1505 * @exception SecurityException
1506 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1507 * following conditions is met:
1508 *
1509 * <ul>
1510 *
1511 * <li> invocation of
1512 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1513 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1514 * access to the field
1515 *
1516 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1517 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1518 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1519 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1520 * of this class
1521 *
1522 * </ul>
1523 *
1524 * @since JDK1.1
1525 */
1526 public Field getField(String name)
1527 throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {
1528 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1529 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1530 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1531 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1532 Field field = getField0(name);
1533 if (field == null) {
1534 throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);
1535 }
1536 return field;
1537 }
1538
1539
1540 /**
1541 * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified public
1542 * member method of the class or interface represented by this
1543 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1544 * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired method. The
1545 * {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of {@code Class}
1546 * objects that identify the method's formal parameter types, in declared
1547 * order. If {@code parameterTypes} is {@code null}, it is
1548 * treated as if it were an empty array.
1549 *
1550 * <p> If the {@code name} is "{@code <init>};"or "{@code <clinit>}" a
1551 * {@code NoSuchMethodException} is raised. Otherwise, the method to
1552 * be reflected is determined by the algorithm that follows. Let C be the
1553 * class represented by this object:
1554 * <OL>
1555 * <LI> C is searched for any <I>matching methods</I>. If no matching
1556 * method is found, the algorithm of step 1 is invoked recursively on
1557 * the superclass of C.</LI>
1558 * <LI> If no method was found in step 1 above, the superinterfaces of C
1559 * are searched for a matching method. If any such method is found, it
1560 * is reflected.</LI>
1561 * </OL>
1562 *
1563 * To find a matching method in a class C: If C declares exactly one
1564 * public method with the specified name and exactly the same formal
1565 * parameter types, that is the method reflected. If more than one such
1566 * method is found in C, and one of these methods has a return type that is
1567 * more specific than any of the others, that method is reflected;
1568 * otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily.
1569 *
1570 * <p>Note that there may be more than one matching method in a
1571 * class because while the Java language forbids a class to
1572 * declare multiple methods with the same signature but different
1573 * return types, the Java virtual machine does not. This
1574 * increased flexibility in the virtual machine can be used to
1575 * implement various language features. For example, covariant
1576 * returns can be implemented with {@linkplain
1577 * java.lang.reflect.Method#isBridge bridge methods}; the bridge
1578 * method and the method being overridden would have the same
1579 * signature but different return types.
1580 *
1581 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.4.
1582 *
1583 * @param name the name of the method
1584 * @param parameterTypes the list of parameters
1585 * @return the {@code Method} object that matches the specified
1586 * {@code name} and {@code parameterTypes}
1587 * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found
1588 * or if the name is "<init>"or "<clinit>".
1589 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1590 * @exception SecurityException
1591 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1592 * following conditions is met:
1593 *
1594 * <ul>
1595 *
1596 * <li> invocation of
1597 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1598 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1599 * access to the method
1600 *
1601 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1602 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1603 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1604 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1605 * of this class
1606 *
1607 * </ul>
1608 *
1609 * @since JDK1.1
1610 */
1611 public Method getMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1612 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1613 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1614 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1615 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1616 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1617 Method method = getMethod0(name, parameterTypes);
1618 if (method == null) {
1619 throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + "." + name + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));
1620 }
1621 return method;
1622 }
1623
1624
1625 /**
1626 * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified
1627 * public constructor of the class represented by this {@code Class}
1628 * object. The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of
1629 * {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's formal
1630 * parameter types, in declared order.
1631 *
1632 * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class
1633 * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types
1634 * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
1635 *
1636 * <p> The constructor to reflect is the public constructor of the class
1637 * represented by this {@code Class} object whose formal parameter
1638 * types match those specified by {@code parameterTypes}.
1639 *
1640 * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
1641 * @return the {@code Constructor} object of the public constructor that
1642 * matches the specified {@code parameterTypes}
1643 * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
1644 * @exception SecurityException
1645 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1646 * following conditions is met:
1647 *
1648 * <ul>
1649 *
1650 * <li> invocation of
1651 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1652 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1653 * access to the constructor
1654 *
1655 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1656 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1657 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1658 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1659 * of this class
1660 *
1661 * </ul>
1662 *
1663 * @since JDK1.1
1664 */
1665 public Constructor<T> getConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1666 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1667 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1668 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1669 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1670 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1671 return getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.PUBLIC);
1672 }
1673
1674
1675 /**
1676 * Returns an array of {@code Class} objects reflecting all the
1677 * classes and interfaces declared as members of the class represented by
1678 * this {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
1679 * (package) access, and private classes and interfaces declared by the
1680 * class, but excludes inherited classes and interfaces. This method
1681 * returns an array of length 0 if the class declares no classes or
1682 * interfaces as members, or if this {@code Class} object represents a
1683 * primitive type, an array class, or void.
1684 *
1685 * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing all the
1686 * declared members of this class
1687 * @exception SecurityException
1688 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1689 * following conditions is met:
1690 *
1691 * <ul>
1692 *
1693 * <li> invocation of
1694 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1695 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1696 * access to the declared classes within this class
1697 *
1698 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1699 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1700 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1701 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1702 * of this class
1703 *
1704 * </ul>
1705 *
1706 * @since JDK1.1
1707 */
1708 public Class<?>[] getDeclaredClasses() throws SecurityException {
1709 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1710 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1711 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1712 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1713 return getDeclaredClasses0();
1714 }
1715
1716
1717 /**
1718 * Returns an array of {@code Field} objects reflecting all the fields
1719 * declared by the class or interface represented by this
1720 * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
1721 * (package) access, and private fields, but excludes inherited fields.
1722 * The elements in the array returned are not sorted and are not in any
1723 * particular order. This method returns an array of length 0 if the class
1724 * or interface declares no fields, or if this {@code Class} object
1725 * represents a primitive type, an array class, or void.
1726 *
1727 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
1728 *
1729 * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing all the
1730 * declared fields of this class
1731 * @exception SecurityException
1732 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1733 * following conditions is met:
1734 *
1735 * <ul>
1736 *
1737 * <li> invocation of
1738 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1739 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1740 * access to the declared fields within this class
1741 *
1742 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1743 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1744 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1745 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1746 * of this class
1747 *
1748 * </ul>
1749 *
1750 * @since JDK1.1
1751 */
1752 public Field[] getDeclaredFields() throws SecurityException {
1753 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1754 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1755 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1756 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1757 return copyFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false));
1758 }
1759
1760
1761 /**
1762 * Returns an array of {@code Method} objects reflecting all the
1763 * methods declared by the class or interface represented by this
1764 * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
1765 * (package) access, and private methods, but excludes inherited methods.
1766 * The elements in the array returned are not sorted and are not in any
1767 * particular order. This method returns an array of length 0 if the class
1768 * or interface declares no methods, or if this {@code Class} object
1769 * represents a primitive type, an array class, or void. The class
1770 * initialization method {@code <clinit>} is not included in the
1771 * returned array. If the class declares multiple public member methods
1772 * with the same parameter types, they are all included in the returned
1773 * array.
1774 *
1775 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2.
1776 *
1777 * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing all the
1778 * declared methods of this class
1779 * @exception SecurityException
1780 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1781 * following conditions is met:
1782 *
1783 * <ul>
1784 *
1785 * <li> invocation of
1786 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1787 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1788 * access to the declared methods within this class
1789 *
1790 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1791 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1792 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1793 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1794 * of this class
1795 *
1796 * </ul>
1797 *
1798 * @since JDK1.1
1799 */
1800 public Method[] getDeclaredMethods() throws SecurityException {
1801 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1802 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1803 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1804 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1805 return copyMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false));
1806 }
1807
1808
1809 /**
1810 * Returns an array of {@code Constructor} objects reflecting all the
1811 * constructors declared by the class represented by this
1812 * {@code Class} object. These are public, protected, default
1813 * (package) access, and private constructors. The elements in the array
1814 * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order. If the
1815 * class has a default constructor, it is included in the returned array.
1816 * This method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class}
1817 * object represents an interface, a primitive type, an array class, or
1818 * void.
1819 *
1820 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2.
1821 *
1822 * @return the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing all the
1823 * declared constructors of this class
1824 * @exception SecurityException
1825 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1826 * following conditions is met:
1827 *
1828 * <ul>
1829 *
1830 * <li> invocation of
1831 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1832 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1833 * access to the declared constructors within this class
1834 *
1835 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1836 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1837 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1838 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1839 * of this class
1840 *
1841 * </ul>
1842 *
1843 * @since JDK1.1
1844 */
1845 public Constructor<?>[] getDeclaredConstructors() throws SecurityException {
1846 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1847 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1848 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1849 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1850 return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(false));
1851 }
1852
1853
1854 /**
1855 * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified declared
1856 * field of the class or interface represented by this {@code Class}
1857 * object. The {@code name} parameter is a {@code String} that
1858 * specifies the simple name of the desired field. Note that this method
1859 * will not reflect the {@code length} field of an array class.
1860 *
1861 * @param name the name of the field
1862 * @return the {@code Field} object for the specified field in this
1863 * class
1864 * @exception NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
1865 * not found.
1866 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1867 * @exception SecurityException
1868 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1869 * following conditions is met:
1870 *
1871 * <ul>
1872 *
1873 * <li> invocation of
1874 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1875 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1876 * access to the declared field
1877 *
1878 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1879 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1880 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1881 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1882 * of this class
1883 *
1884 * </ul>
1885 *
1886 * @since JDK1.1
1887 */
1888 public Field getDeclaredField(String name)
1889 throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {
1890 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1891 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1892 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1893 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1894 Field field = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false), name);
1895 if (field == null) {
1896 throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);
1897 }
1898 return field;
1899 }
1900
1901
1902 /**
1903 * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified
1904 * declared method of the class or interface represented by this
1905 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1906 * {@code String} that specifies the simple name of the desired
1907 * method, and the {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of
1908 * {@code Class} objects that identify the method's formal parameter
1909 * types, in declared order. If more than one method with the same
1910 * parameter types is declared in a class, and one of these methods has a
1911 * return type that is more specific than any of the others, that method is
1912 * returned; otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily. If the
1913 * name is "<init>"or "<clinit>" a {@code NoSuchMethodException}
1914 * is raised.
1915 *
1916 * @param name the name of the method
1917 * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
1918 * @return the {@code Method} object for the method of this class
1919 * matching the specified name and parameters
1920 * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
1921 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1922 * @exception SecurityException
1923 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1924 * following conditions is met:
1925 *
1926 * <ul>
1927 *
1928 * <li> invocation of
1929 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1930 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1931 * access to the declared method
1932 *
1933 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1934 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1935 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1936 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1937 * of this class
1938 *
1939 * </ul>
1940 *
1941 * @since JDK1.1
1942 */
1943 public Method getDeclaredMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1944 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1945 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1946 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1947 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1948 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1949 Method method = searchMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false), name, parameterTypes);
1950 if (method == null) {
1951 throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + "." + name + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));
1952 }
1953 return method;
1954 }
1955
1956
1957 /**
1958 * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified
1959 * constructor of the class or interface represented by this
1960 * {@code Class} object. The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is
1961 * an array of {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's
1962 * formal parameter types, in declared order.
1963 *
1964 * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class
1965 * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types
1966 * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
1967 *
1968 * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
1969 * @return The {@code Constructor} object for the constructor with the
1970 * specified parameter list
1971 * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
1972 * @exception SecurityException
1973 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1974 * following conditions is met:
1975 *
1976 * <ul>
1977 *
1978 * <li> invocation of
1979 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1980 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1981 * access to the declared constructor
1982 *
1983 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1984 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1985 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1986 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1987 * of this class
1988 *
1989 * </ul>
1990 *
1991 * @since JDK1.1
1992 */
1993 public Constructor<T> getDeclaredConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1994 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1995 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1996 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1997 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1998 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1999 return getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.DECLARED);
2000 }
2001
2002 /**
2003 * Finds a resource with a given name. The rules for searching resources
2004 * associated with a given class are implemented by the defining
2005 * {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class. This method
2006 * delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by
2007 * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
2008 * ClassLoader#getSystemResourceAsStream}.
2009 *
2010 * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
2011 * given resource name using this algorithm:
2012 *
2013 * <ul>
2014 *
2015 * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
2016 * (<tt>'\u002f'</tt>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
2017 * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
2018 *
2019 * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
2020 *
2021 * <blockquote>
2022 * {@code modified_package_name/name}
2023 * </blockquote>
2024 *
2025 * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
2026 * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
2027 * (<tt>'\u002e'</tt>).
2028 *
2029 * </ul>
2030 *
2031 * @param name name of the desired resource
2032 * @return A {@link java.io.InputStream} object or {@code null} if
2033 * no resource with this name is found
2034 * @throws NullPointerException If {@code name} is {@code null}
2035 * @since JDK1.1
2036 */
2037 public InputStream getResourceAsStream(String name) {
2038 name = resolveName(name);
2039 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2040 if (cl==null) {
2041 // A system class.
2042 return ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(name);
2043 }
2044 return cl.getResourceAsStream(name);
2045 }
2046
2047 /**
2048 * Finds a resource with a given name. The rules for searching resources
2049 * associated with a given class are implemented by the defining
2050 * {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class. This method
2051 * delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by
2052 * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
2053 * ClassLoader#getSystemResource}.
2054 *
2055 * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
2056 * given resource name using this algorithm:
2057 *
2058 * <ul>
2059 *
2060 * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
2061 * (<tt>'\u002f'</tt>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
2062 * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
2063 *
2064 * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
2065 *
2066 * <blockquote>
2067 * {@code modified_package_name/name}
2068 * </blockquote>
2069 *
2070 * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
2071 * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
2072 * (<tt>'\u002e'</tt>).
2073 *
2074 * </ul>
2075 *
2076 * @param name name of the desired resource
2077 * @return A {@link java.net.URL} object or {@code null} if no
2078 * resource with this name is found
2079 * @since JDK1.1
2080 */
2081 public java.net.URL getResource(String name) {
2082 name = resolveName(name);
2083 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2084 if (cl==null) {
2085 // A system class.
2086 return ClassLoader.getSystemResource(name);
2087 }
2088 return cl.getResource(name);
2089 }
2090
2091
2092
2093 /** protection domain returned when the internal domain is null */
2094 private static java.security.ProtectionDomain allPermDomain;
2095
2096
2097 /**
2098 * Returns the {@code ProtectionDomain} of this class. If there is a
2099 * security manager installed, this method first calls the security
2100 * manager's {@code checkPermission} method with a
2101 * {@code RuntimePermission("getProtectionDomain")} permission to
2102 * ensure it's ok to get the
2103 * {@code ProtectionDomain}.
2104 *
2105 * @return the ProtectionDomain of this class
2106 *
2107 * @throws SecurityException
2108 * if a security manager exists and its
2109 * {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow
2110 * getting the ProtectionDomain.
2111 *
2112 * @see java.security.ProtectionDomain
2113 * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
2114 * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
2115 * @since 1.2
2116 */
2117 public java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain() {
2118 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2119 if (sm != null) {
2120 sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_PD_PERMISSION);
2121 }
2122 java.security.ProtectionDomain pd = getProtectionDomain0();
2123 if (pd == null) {
2124 if (allPermDomain == null) {
2125 java.security.Permissions perms =
2126 new java.security.Permissions();
2127 perms.add(SecurityConstants.ALL_PERMISSION);
2128 allPermDomain =
2129 new java.security.ProtectionDomain(null, perms);
2130 }
2131 pd = allPermDomain;
2132 }
2133 return pd;
2134 }
2135
2136
2137 /**
2138 * Returns the ProtectionDomain of this class.
2139 */
2140 private native java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain0();
2141
2142
2143 /**
2144 * Set the ProtectionDomain for this class. Called by
2145 * ClassLoader.defineClass.
2146 */
2147 native void setProtectionDomain0(java.security.ProtectionDomain pd);
2148
2149
2150 /*
2151 * Return the Virtual Machine's Class object for the named
2152 * primitive type.
2153 */
2154 static native Class<?> getPrimitiveClass(String name);
2155
2156
2157 /*
2158 * Check if client is allowed to access members. If access is denied,
2159 * throw a SecurityException.
2160 *
2161 * Be very careful not to change the stack depth of this checkMemberAccess
2162 * call for security reasons.
2163 * See java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess.
2164 *
2165 * <p> Default policy: allow all clients access with normal Java access
2166 * control.
2167 */
2168 private void checkMemberAccess(int which, ClassLoader ccl) {
2169 SecurityManager s = System.getSecurityManager();
2170 if (s != null) {
2171 s.checkMemberAccess(this, which);
2172 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2173 if (sun.reflect.misc.ReflectUtil.needsPackageAccessCheck(ccl, cl)) {
2174 String name = this.getName();
2175 int i = name.lastIndexOf('.');
2176 if (i != -1) {
2177 s.checkPackageAccess(name.substring(0, i));
2178 }
2179 }
2180 }
2181 }
2182
2183 /**
2184 * Add a package name prefix if the name is not absolute Remove leading "/"
2185 * if name is absolute
2186 */
2187 private String resolveName(String name) {
2188 if (name == null) {
2189 return name;
2190 }
2191 if (!name.startsWith("/")) {
2192 Class<?> c = this;
2193 while (c.isArray()) {
2194 c = c.getComponentType();
2195 }
2196 String baseName = c.getName();
2197 int index = baseName.lastIndexOf('.');
2198 if (index != -1) {
2199 name = baseName.substring(0, index).replace('.', '/')
2200 +"/"+name;
2201 }
2202 } else {
2203 name = name.substring(1);
2204 }
2205 return name;
2206 }
2207
2208 /**
2209 * Reflection support.
2210 */
2211
2212 // Caches for certain reflective results
2213 private static boolean useCaches = true;
2214 private volatile transient SoftReference<Field[]> declaredFields;
2215 private volatile transient SoftReference<Field[]> publicFields;
2216 private volatile transient SoftReference<Method[]> declaredMethods;
2217 private volatile transient SoftReference<Method[]> publicMethods;
2218 private volatile transient SoftReference<Constructor<T>[]> declaredConstructors;
2219 private volatile transient SoftReference<Constructor<T>[]> publicConstructors;
2220 // Intermediate results for getFields and getMethods
2221 private volatile transient SoftReference<Field[]> declaredPublicFields;
2222 private volatile transient SoftReference<Method[]> declaredPublicMethods;
2223
2224 // Incremented by the VM on each call to JVM TI RedefineClasses()
2225 // that redefines this class or a superclass.
2226 private volatile transient int classRedefinedCount = 0;
2227
2228 // Value of classRedefinedCount when we last cleared the cached values
2229 // that are sensitive to class redefinition.
2230 private volatile transient int lastRedefinedCount = 0;
2231
2232 // Clears cached values that might possibly have been obsoleted by
2233 // a class redefinition.
2234 private void clearCachesOnClassRedefinition() {
2235 if (lastRedefinedCount != classRedefinedCount) {
2236 declaredFields = publicFields = declaredPublicFields = null;
2237 declaredMethods = publicMethods = declaredPublicMethods = null;
2238 declaredConstructors = publicConstructors = null;
2239 annotations = declaredAnnotations = null;
2240
2241 // Use of "volatile" (and synchronization by caller in the case
2242 // of annotations) ensures that no thread sees the update to
2243 // lastRedefinedCount before seeing the caches cleared.
2244 // We do not guard against brief windows during which multiple
2245 // threads might redundantly work to fill an empty cache.
2246 lastRedefinedCount = classRedefinedCount;
2247 }
2248 }
2249
2250 // Generic signature handling
2251 private native String getGenericSignature();
2252
2253 // Generic info repository; lazily initialized
2254 private transient ClassRepository genericInfo;
2255
2256 // accessor for factory
2257 private GenericsFactory getFactory() {
2258 // create scope and factory
2259 return CoreReflectionFactory.make(this, ClassScope.make(this));
2260 }
2261
2262 // accessor for generic info repository
2263 private ClassRepository getGenericInfo() {
2264 // lazily initialize repository if necessary
2265 if (genericInfo == null) {
2266 // create and cache generic info repository
2267 genericInfo = ClassRepository.make(getGenericSignature(),
2268 getFactory());
2269 }
2270 return genericInfo; //return cached repository
2271 }
2272
2273 // Annotations handling
2274 private native byte[] getRawAnnotations();
2275
2276 native ConstantPool getConstantPool();
2277
2278 //
2279 //
2280 // java.lang.reflect.Field handling
2281 //
2282 //
2283
2284 // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT
2285 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2286 // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.
2287 private Field[] privateGetDeclaredFields(boolean publicOnly) {
2288 checkInitted();
2289 Field[] res = null;
2290 if (useCaches) {
2291 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2292 if (publicOnly) {
2293 if (declaredPublicFields != null) {
2294 res = declaredPublicFields.get();
2295 }
2296 } else {
2297 if (declaredFields != null) {
2298 res = declaredFields.get();
2299 }
2300 }
2301 if (res != null) return res;
2302 }
2303 // No cached value available; request value from VM
2304 res = Reflection.filterFields(this, getDeclaredFields0(publicOnly));
2305 if (useCaches) {
2306 if (publicOnly) {
2307 declaredPublicFields = new SoftReference<>(res);
2308 } else {
2309 declaredFields = new SoftReference<>(res);
2310 }
2311 }
2312 return res;
2313 }
2314
2315 // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT
2316 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2317 // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.
2318 private Field[] privateGetPublicFields(Set<Class<?>> traversedInterfaces) {
2319 checkInitted();
2320 Field[] res = null;
2321 if (useCaches) {
2322 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2323 if (publicFields != null) {
2324 res = publicFields.get();
2325 }
2326 if (res != null) return res;
2327 }
2328
2329 // No cached value available; compute value recursively.
2330 // Traverse in correct order for getField().
2331 List<Field> fields = new ArrayList<>();
2332 if (traversedInterfaces == null) {
2333 traversedInterfaces = new HashSet<>();
2334 }
2335
2336 // Local fields
2337 Field[] tmp = privateGetDeclaredFields(true);
2338 addAll(fields, tmp);
2339
2340 // Direct superinterfaces, recursively
2341 for (Class<?> c : getInterfaces()) {
2342 if (!traversedInterfaces.contains(c)) {
2343 traversedInterfaces.add(c);
2344 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces));
2345 }
2346 }
2347
2348 // Direct superclass, recursively
2349 if (!isInterface()) {
2350 Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
2351 if (c != null) {
2352 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces));
2353 }
2354 }
2355
2356 res = new Field[fields.size()];
2357 fields.toArray(res);
2358 if (useCaches) {
2359 publicFields = new SoftReference<>(res);
2360 }
2361 return res;
2362 }
2363
2364 private static void addAll(Collection<Field> c, Field[] o) {
2365 for (int i = 0; i < o.length; i++) {
2366 c.add(o[i]);
2367 }
2368 }
2369
2370
2371 //
2372 //
2373 // java.lang.reflect.Constructor handling
2374 //
2375 //
2376
2377 // Returns an array of "root" constructors. These Constructor
2378 // objects must NOT be propagated to the outside world, but must
2379 // instead be copied via ReflectionFactory.copyConstructor.
2380 private Constructor<T>[] privateGetDeclaredConstructors(boolean publicOnly) {
2381 checkInitted();
2382 Constructor<T>[] res = null;
2383 if (useCaches) {
2384 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2385 if (publicOnly) {
2386 if (publicConstructors != null) {
2387 res = publicConstructors.get();
2388 }
2389 } else {
2390 if (declaredConstructors != null) {
2391 res = declaredConstructors.get();
2392 }
2393 }
2394 if (res != null) return res;
2395 }
2396 // No cached value available; request value from VM
2397 if (isInterface()) {
2398 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
2399 Constructor<T>[] temporaryRes = (Constructor<T>[]) new Constructor<?>[0];
2400 res = temporaryRes;
2401 } else {
2402 res = getDeclaredConstructors0(publicOnly);
2403 }
2404 if (useCaches) {
2405 if (publicOnly) {
2406 publicConstructors = new SoftReference<>(res);
2407 } else {
2408 declaredConstructors = new SoftReference<>(res);
2409 }
2410 }
2411 return res;
2412 }
2413
2414 //
2415 //
2416 // java.lang.reflect.Method handling
2417 //
2418 //
2419
2420 // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT
2421 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2422 // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
2423 private Method[] privateGetDeclaredMethods(boolean publicOnly) {
2424 checkInitted();
2425 Method[] res = null;
2426 if (useCaches) {
2427 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2428 if (publicOnly) {
2429 if (declaredPublicMethods != null) {
2430 res = declaredPublicMethods.get();
2431 }
2432 } else {
2433 if (declaredMethods != null) {
2434 res = declaredMethods.get();
2435 }
2436 }
2437 if (res != null) return res;
2438 }
2439 // No cached value available; request value from VM
2440 res = Reflection.filterMethods(this, getDeclaredMethods0(publicOnly));
2441 if (useCaches) {
2442 if (publicOnly) {
2443 declaredPublicMethods = new SoftReference<>(res);
2444 } else {
2445 declaredMethods = new SoftReference<>(res);
2446 }
2447 }
2448 return res;
2449 }
2450
2451 static class MethodArray {
2452 private Method[] methods;
2453 private int length;
2454
2455 MethodArray() {
2456 methods = new Method[20];
2457 length = 0;
2458 }
2459
2460 void add(Method m) {
2461 if (length == methods.length) {
2462 methods = Arrays.copyOf(methods, 2 * methods.length);
2463 }
2464 methods[length++] = m;
2465 }
2466
2467 void addAll(Method[] ma) {
2468 for (int i = 0; i < ma.length; i++) {
2469 add(ma[i]);
2470 }
2471 }
2472
2473 void addAll(MethodArray ma) {
2474 for (int i = 0; i < ma.length(); i++) {
2475 add(ma.get(i));
2476 }
2477 }
2478
2479 void addIfNotPresent(Method newMethod) {
2480 for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
2481 Method m = methods[i];
2482 if (m == newMethod || (m != null && m.equals(newMethod))) {
2483 return;
2484 }
2485 }
2486 add(newMethod);
2487 }
2488
2489 void addAllIfNotPresent(MethodArray newMethods) {
2490 for (int i = 0; i < newMethods.length(); i++) {
2491 Method m = newMethods.get(i);
2492 if (m != null) {
2493 addIfNotPresent(m);
2494 }
2495 }
2496 }
2497
2498 int length() {
2499 return length;
2500 }
2501
2502 Method get(int i) {
2503 return methods[i];
2504 }
2505
2506 void removeByNameAndSignature(Method toRemove) {
2507 for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
2508 Method m = methods[i];
2509 if (m != null &&
2510 m.getReturnType() == toRemove.getReturnType() &&
2511 m.getName() == toRemove.getName() &&
2512 arrayContentsEq(m.getParameterTypes(),
2513 toRemove.getParameterTypes())) {
2514 methods[i] = null;
2515 }
2516 }
2517 }
2518
2519 void compactAndTrim() {
2520 int newPos = 0;
2521 // Get rid of null slots
2522 for (int pos = 0; pos < length; pos++) {
2523 Method m = methods[pos];
2524 if (m != null) {
2525 if (pos != newPos) {
2526 methods[newPos] = m;
2527 }
2528 newPos++;
2529 }
2530 }
2531 if (newPos != methods.length) {
2532 methods = Arrays.copyOf(methods, newPos);
2533 }
2534 }
2535
2536 Method[] getArray() {
2537 return methods;
2538 }
2539 }
2540
2541
2542 // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT
2543 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2544 // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
2545 private Method[] privateGetPublicMethods() {
2546 checkInitted();
2547 Method[] res = null;
2548 if (useCaches) {
2549 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2550 if (publicMethods != null) {
2551 res = publicMethods.get();
2552 }
2553 if (res != null) return res;
2554 }
2555
2556 // No cached value available; compute value recursively.
2557 // Start by fetching public declared methods
2558 MethodArray methods = new MethodArray();
2559 {
2560 Method[] tmp = privateGetDeclaredMethods(true);
2561 methods.addAll(tmp);
2562 }
2563 // Now recur over superclass and direct superinterfaces.
2564 // Go over superinterfaces first so we can more easily filter
2565 // out concrete implementations inherited from superclasses at
2566 // the end.
2567 MethodArray inheritedMethods = new MethodArray();
2568 Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
2569 for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
2570 inheritedMethods.addAll(interfaces[i].privateGetPublicMethods());
2571 }
2572 if (!isInterface()) {
2573 Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
2574 if (c != null) {
2575 MethodArray supers = new MethodArray();
2576 supers.addAll(c.privateGetPublicMethods());
2577 // Filter out concrete implementations of any
2578 // interface methods
2579 for (int i = 0; i < supers.length(); i++) {
2580 Method m = supers.get(i);
2581 if (m != null && !Modifier.isAbstract(m.getModifiers())) {
2582 inheritedMethods.removeByNameAndSignature(m);
2583 }
2584 }
2585 // Insert superclass's inherited methods before
2586 // superinterfaces' to satisfy getMethod's search
2587 // order
2588 supers.addAll(inheritedMethods);
2589 inheritedMethods = supers;
2590 }
2591 }
2592 // Filter out all local methods from inherited ones
2593 for (int i = 0; i < methods.length(); i++) {
2594 Method m = methods.get(i);
2595 inheritedMethods.removeByNameAndSignature(m);
2596 }
2597 methods.addAllIfNotPresent(inheritedMethods);
2598 methods.compactAndTrim();
2599 res = methods.getArray();
2600 if (useCaches) {
2601 publicMethods = new SoftReference<>(res);
2602 }
2603 return res;
2604 }
2605
2606
2607 //
2608 // Helpers for fetchers of one field, method, or constructor
2609 //
2610
2611 private Field searchFields(Field[] fields, String name) {
2612 String internedName = name.intern();
2613 for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
2614 if (fields[i].getName() == internedName) {
2615 return getReflectionFactory().copyField(fields[i]);
2616 }
2617 }
2618 return null;
2619 }
2620
2621 private Field getField0(String name) throws NoSuchFieldException {
2622 // Note: the intent is that the search algorithm this routine
2623 // uses be equivalent to the ordering imposed by
2624 // privateGetPublicFields(). It fetches only the declared
2625 // public fields for each class, however, to reduce the number
2626 // of Field objects which have to be created for the common
2627 // case where the field being requested is declared in the
2628 // class which is being queried.
2629 Field res = null;
2630 // Search declared public fields
2631 if ((res = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(true), name)) != null) {
2632 return res;
2633 }
2634 // Direct superinterfaces, recursively
2635 Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
2636 for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
2637 Class<?> c = interfaces[i];
2638 if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) {
2639 return res;
2640 }
2641 }
2642 // Direct superclass, recursively
2643 if (!isInterface()) {
2644 Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
2645 if (c != null) {
2646 if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) {
2647 return res;
2648 }
2649 }
2650 }
2651 return null;
2652 }
2653
2654 private static Method searchMethods(Method[] methods,
2655 String name,
2656 Class<?>[] parameterTypes)
2657 {
2658 Method res = null;
2659 String internedName = name.intern();
2660 for (int i = 0; i < methods.length; i++) {
2661 Method m = methods[i];
2662 if (m.getName() == internedName
2663 && arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes, m.getParameterTypes())
2664 && (res == null
2665 || res.getReturnType().isAssignableFrom(m.getReturnType())))
2666 res = m;
2667 }
2668
2669 return (res == null ? res : getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(res));
2670 }
2671
2672
2673 private Method getMethod0(String name, Class<?>[] parameterTypes) {
2674 // Note: the intent is that the search algorithm this routine
2675 // uses be equivalent to the ordering imposed by
2676 // privateGetPublicMethods(). It fetches only the declared
2677 // public methods for each class, however, to reduce the
2678 // number of Method objects which have to be created for the
2679 // common case where the method being requested is declared in
2680 // the class which is being queried.
2681 Method res = null;
2682 // Search declared public methods
2683 if ((res = searchMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(true),
2684 name,
2685 parameterTypes)) != null) {
2686 return res;
2687 }
2688 // Search superclass's methods
2689 if (!isInterface()) {
2690 Class<? super T> c = getSuperclass();
2691 if (c != null) {
2692 if ((res = c.getMethod0(name, parameterTypes)) != null) {
2693 return res;
2694 }
2695 }
2696 }
2697 // Search superinterfaces' methods
2698 Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
2699 for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
2700 Class<?> c = interfaces[i];
2701 if ((res = c.getMethod0(name, parameterTypes)) != null) {
2702 return res;
2703 }
2704 }
2705 // Not found
2706 return null;
2707 }
2708
2709 private Constructor<T> getConstructor0(Class<?>[] parameterTypes,
2710 int which) throws NoSuchMethodException
2711 {
2712 Constructor<T>[] constructors = privateGetDeclaredConstructors((which == Member.PUBLIC));
2713 for (Constructor<T> constructor : constructors) {
2714 if (arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes,
2715 constructor.getParameterTypes())) {
2716 return getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(constructor);
2717 }
2718 }
2719 throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + ".<init>" + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));
2720 }
2721
2722 //
2723 // Other helpers and base implementation
2724 //
2725
2726 private static boolean arrayContentsEq(Object[] a1, Object[] a2) {
2727 if (a1 == null) {
2728 return a2 == null || a2.length == 0;
2729 }
2730
2731 if (a2 == null) {
2732 return a1.length == 0;
2733 }
2734
2735 if (a1.length != a2.length) {
2736 return false;
2737 }
2738
2739 for (int i = 0; i < a1.length; i++) {
2740 if (a1[i] != a2[i]) {
2741 return false;
2742 }
2743 }
2744
2745 return true;
2746 }
2747
2748 private static Field[] copyFields(Field[] arg) {
2749 Field[] out = new Field[arg.length];
2750 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
2751 for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
2752 out[i] = fact.copyField(arg[i]);
2753 }
2754 return out;
2755 }
2756
2757 private static Method[] copyMethods(Method[] arg) {
2758 Method[] out = new Method[arg.length];
2759 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
2760 for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
2761 out[i] = fact.copyMethod(arg[i]);
2762 }
2763 return out;
2764 }
2765
2766 private static <U> Constructor<U>[] copyConstructors(Constructor<U>[] arg) {
2767 Constructor<U>[] out = arg.clone();
2768 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
2769 for (int i = 0; i < out.length; i++) {
2770 out[i] = fact.copyConstructor(out[i]);
2771 }
2772 return out;
2773 }
2774
2775 private native Field[] getDeclaredFields0(boolean publicOnly);
2776 private native Method[] getDeclaredMethods0(boolean publicOnly);
2777 private native Constructor<T>[] getDeclaredConstructors0(boolean publicOnly);
2778 private native Class<?>[] getDeclaredClasses0();
2779
2780 private static String argumentTypesToString(Class<?>[] argTypes) {
2781 StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
2782 buf.append("(");
2783 if (argTypes != null) {
2784 for (int i = 0; i < argTypes.length; i++) {
2785 if (i > 0) {
2786 buf.append(", ");
2787 }
2788 Class<?> c = argTypes[i];
2789 buf.append((c == null) ? "null" : c.getName());
2790 }
2791 }
2792 buf.append(")");
2793 return buf.toString();
2794 }
2795
2796 /** use serialVersionUID from JDK 1.1 for interoperability */
2797 private static final long serialVersionUID = 3206093459760846163L;
2798
2799
2800 /**
2801 * Class Class is special cased within the Serialization Stream Protocol.
2802 *
2803 * A Class instance is written initially into an ObjectOutputStream in the
2804 * following format:
2805 * <pre>
2806 * {@code TC_CLASS} ClassDescriptor
2807 * A ClassDescriptor is a special cased serialization of
2808 * a {@code java.io.ObjectStreamClass} instance.
2809 * </pre>
2810 * A new handle is generated for the initial time the class descriptor
2811 * is written into the stream. Future references to the class descriptor
2812 * are written as references to the initial class descriptor instance.
2813 *
2814 * @see java.io.ObjectStreamClass
2815 */
2816 private static final ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields =
2817 new ObjectStreamField[0];
2818
2819
2820 /**
2821 * Returns the assertion status that would be assigned to this
2822 * class if it were to be initialized at the time this method is invoked.
2823 * If this class has had its assertion status set, the most recent
2824 * setting will be returned; otherwise, if any package default assertion
2825 * status pertains to this class, the most recent setting for the most
2826 * specific pertinent package default assertion status is returned;
2827 * otherwise, if this class is not a system class (i.e., it has a
2828 * class loader) its class loader's default assertion status is returned;
2829 * otherwise, the system class default assertion status is returned.
2830 * <p>
2831 * Few programmers will have any need for this method; it is provided
2832 * for the benefit of the JRE itself. (It allows a class to determine at
2833 * the time that it is initialized whether assertions should be enabled.)
2834 * Note that this method is not guaranteed to return the actual
2835 * assertion status that was (or will be) associated with the specified
2836 * class when it was (or will be) initialized.
2837 *
2838 * @return the desired assertion status of the specified class.
2839 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#setClassAssertionStatus
2840 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#setPackageAssertionStatus
2841 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#setDefaultAssertionStatus
2842 * @since 1.4
2843 */
2844 public boolean desiredAssertionStatus() {
2845 ClassLoader loader = getClassLoader();
2846 // If the loader is null this is a system class, so ask the VM
2847 if (loader == null)
2848 return desiredAssertionStatus0(this);
2849
2850 // If the classloader has been initialized with the assertion
2851 // directives, ask it. Otherwise, ask the VM.
2852 synchronized(loader.assertionLock) {
2853 if (loader.classAssertionStatus != null) {
2854 return loader.desiredAssertionStatus(getName());
2855 }
2856 }
2857 return desiredAssertionStatus0(this);
2858 }
2859
2860 // Retrieves the desired assertion status of this class from the VM
2861 private static native boolean desiredAssertionStatus0(Class<?> clazz);
2862
2863 /**
2864 * Returns true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
2865 * source code.
2866 *
2867 * @return true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
2868 * source code
2869 * @since 1.5
2870 */
2871 public boolean isEnum() {
2872 // An enum must both directly extend java.lang.Enum and have
2873 // the ENUM bit set; classes for specialized enum constants
2874 // don't do the former.
2875 return (this.getModifiers() & ENUM) != 0 &&
2876 this.getSuperclass() == java.lang.Enum.class;
2877 }
2878
2879 // Fetches the factory for reflective objects
2880 private static ReflectionFactory getReflectionFactory() {
2881 if (reflectionFactory == null) {
2882 reflectionFactory =
2883 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged
2884 (new sun.reflect.ReflectionFactory.GetReflectionFactoryAction());
2885 }
2886 return reflectionFactory;
2887 }
2888 private static ReflectionFactory reflectionFactory;
2889
2890 // To be able to query system properties as soon as they're available
2891 private static boolean initted = false;
2892 private static void checkInitted() {
2893 if (initted) return;
2894 AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
2895 public Void run() {
2896 // Tests to ensure the system properties table is fully
2897 // initialized. This is needed because reflection code is
2898 // called very early in the initialization process (before
2899 // command-line arguments have been parsed and therefore
2900 // these user-settable properties installed.) We assume that
2901 // if System.out is non-null then the System class has been
2902 // fully initialized and that the bulk of the startup code
2903 // has been run.
2904
2905 if (System.out == null) {
2906 // java.lang.System not yet fully initialized
2907 return null;
2908 }
2909
2910 // Doesn't use Boolean.getBoolean to avoid class init.
2911 String val =
2912 System.getProperty("sun.reflect.noCaches");
2913 if (val != null && val.equals("true")) {
2914 useCaches = false;
2915 }
2916
2917 initted = true;
2918 return null;
2919 }
2920 });
2921 }
2922
2923 /**
2924 * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this
2925 * Class object does not represent an enum type.
2926 *
2927 * @return an array containing the values comprising the enum class
2928 * represented by this Class object in the order they're
2929 * declared, or null if this Class object does not
2930 * represent an enum type
2931 * @since 1.5
2932 */
2933 public T[] getEnumConstants() {
2934 T[] values = getEnumConstantsShared();
2935 return (values != null) ? values.clone() : null;
2936 }
2937
2938 /**
2939 * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this
2940 * Class object does not represent an enum type;
2941 * identical to getEnumConstants except that the result is
2942 * uncloned, cached, and shared by all callers.
2943 */
2944 T[] getEnumConstantsShared() {
2945 if (enumConstants == null) {
2946 if (!isEnum()) return null;
2947 try {
2948 final Method values = getMethod("values");
2949 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
2950 new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
2951 public Void run() {
2952 values.setAccessible(true);
2953 return null;
2954 }
2955 });
2956 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
2957 T[] temporaryConstants = (T[])values.invoke(null);
2958 enumConstants = temporaryConstants;
2959 }
2960 // These can happen when users concoct enum-like classes
2961 // that don't comply with the enum spec.
2962 catch (InvocationTargetException | NoSuchMethodException |
2963 IllegalAccessException ex) { return null; }
2964 }
2965 return enumConstants;
2966 }
2967 private volatile transient T[] enumConstants = null;
2968
2969 /**
2970 * Returns a map from simple name to enum constant. This package-private
2971 * method is used internally by Enum to implement
2972 * public static <T extends Enum<T>> T valueOf(Class<T>, String)
2973 * efficiently. Note that the map is returned by this method is
2974 * created lazily on first use. Typically it won't ever get created.
2975 */
2976 Map<String, T> enumConstantDirectory() {
2977 if (enumConstantDirectory == null) {
2978 T[] universe = getEnumConstantsShared();
2979 if (universe == null)
2980 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
2981 getName() + " is not an enum type");
2982 Map<String, T> m = new HashMap<>(2 * universe.length);
2983 for (T constant : universe)
2984 m.put(((Enum<?>)constant).name(), constant);
2985 enumConstantDirectory = m;
2986 }
2987 return enumConstantDirectory;
2988 }
2989 private volatile transient Map<String, T> enumConstantDirectory = null;
2990
2991 /**
2992 * Casts an object to the class or interface represented
2993 * by this {@code Class} object.
2994 *
2995 * @param obj the object to be cast
2996 * @return the object after casting, or null if obj is null
2997 *
2998 * @throws ClassCastException if the object is not
2999 * null and is not assignable to the type T.
3000 *
3001 * @since 1.5
3002 */
3003 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3004 public T cast(Object obj) {
3005 if (obj != null && !isInstance(obj))
3006 throw new ClassCastException(cannotCastMsg(obj));
3007 return (T) obj;
3008 }
3009
3010 private String cannotCastMsg(Object obj) {
3011 return "Cannot cast " + obj.getClass().getName() + " to " + getName();
3012 }
3013
3014 /**
3015 * Casts this {@code Class} object to represent a subclass of the class
3016 * represented by the specified class object. Checks that the cast
3017 * is valid, and throws a {@code ClassCastException} if it is not. If
3018 * this method succeeds, it always returns a reference to this class object.
3019 *
3020 * <p>This method is useful when a client needs to "narrow" the type of
3021 * a {@code Class} object to pass it to an API that restricts the
3022 * {@code Class} objects that it is willing to accept. A cast would
3023 * generate a compile-time warning, as the correctness of the cast
3024 * could not be checked at runtime (because generic types are implemented
3025 * by erasure).
3026 *
3027 * @return this {@code Class} object, cast to represent a subclass of
3028 * the specified class object.
3029 * @throws ClassCastException if this {@code Class} object does not
3030 * represent a subclass of the specified class (here "subclass" includes
3031 * the class itself).
3032 * @since 1.5
3033 */
3034 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3035 public <U> Class<? extends U> asSubclass(Class<U> clazz) {
3036 if (clazz.isAssignableFrom(this))
3037 return (Class<? extends U>) this;
3038 else
3039 throw new ClassCastException(this.toString());
3040 }
3041
3042 /**
3043 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3044 * @since 1.5
3045 */
3046 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3047 public <A extends Annotation> A getAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass) {
3048 if (annotationClass == null)
3049 throw new NullPointerException();
3050
3051 initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3052 return (A) annotations.get(annotationClass);
3053 }
3054
3055 /**
3056 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3057 * @since 1.5
3058 */
3059 public boolean isAnnotationPresent(
3060 Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass) {
3061 if (annotationClass == null)
3062 throw new NullPointerException();
3063
3064 return getAnnotation(annotationClass) != null;
3065 }
3066
3067
3068 /**
3069 * @since 1.5
3070 */
3071 public Annotation[] getAnnotations() {
3072 initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3073 return AnnotationParser.toArray(annotations);
3074 }
3075
3076 /**
3077 * @since 1.5
3078 */
3079 public Annotation[] getDeclaredAnnotations() {
3080 initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3081 return AnnotationParser.toArray(declaredAnnotations);
3082 }
3083
3084 // Annotations cache
3085 private transient Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> annotations;
3086 private transient Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> declaredAnnotations;
3087
3088 private synchronized void initAnnotationsIfNecessary() {
3089 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
3090 if (annotations != null)
3091 return;
3092 declaredAnnotations = AnnotationParser.parseAnnotations(
3093 getRawAnnotations(), getConstantPool(), this);
3094 Class<?> superClass = getSuperclass();
3095 if (superClass == null) {
3096 annotations = declaredAnnotations;
3097 } else {
3098 annotations = new HashMap<>();
3099 superClass.initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3100 for (Map.Entry<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> e : superClass.annotations.entrySet()) {
3101 Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass = e.getKey();
3102 if (AnnotationType.getInstance(annotationClass).isInherited())
3103 annotations.put(annotationClass, e.getValue());
3104 }
3105 annotations.putAll(declaredAnnotations);
3106 }
3107 }
3108
3109 // Annotation types cache their internal (AnnotationType) form
3110
3111 private AnnotationType annotationType;
3112
3113 void setAnnotationType(AnnotationType type) {
3114 annotationType = type;
3115 }
3116
3117 AnnotationType getAnnotationType() {
3118 return annotationType;
3119 }
3120
3121 /* Backing store of user-defined values pertaining to this class.
3122 * Maintained by the ClassValue class.
3123 */
3124 transient ClassValue.ClassValueMap classValueMap;
3125 }