1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "jvm.h"
  27 #include "classfile/defaultMethods.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/resolutionErrors.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  33 #include "compiler/compilationPolicy.hpp"
  34 #include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
  35 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
  36 #include "interpreter/bootstrapInfo.hpp"
  37 #include "interpreter/bytecode.hpp"
  38 #include "interpreter/interpreterRuntime.hpp"
  39 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
  40 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  41 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  42 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  43 #include "oops/constantPool.hpp"
  44 #include "oops/cpCache.inline.hpp"
  45 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  46 #include "oops/method.hpp"
  47 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
  48 #include "oops/objArrayOop.hpp"
  49 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  50 #include "prims/methodHandles.hpp"
  51 #include "prims/nativeLookup.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.inline.hpp"
  53 #include "runtime/frame.inline.hpp"
  54 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  55 #include "runtime/reflection.hpp"
  56 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
  57 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
  58 #include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
  59 #include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"
  60 
  61 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  62 // Implementation of CallInfo
  63 
  64 
  65 void CallInfo::set_static(Klass* resolved_klass, const methodHandle& resolved_method, TRAPS) {
  66   int vtable_index = Method::nonvirtual_vtable_index;
  67   set_common(resolved_klass, resolved_klass, resolved_method, resolved_method, CallInfo::direct_call, vtable_index, CHECK);
  68 }
  69 
  70 
  71 void CallInfo::set_interface(Klass* resolved_klass,
  72                              Klass* selected_klass,
  73                              const methodHandle& resolved_method,
  74                              const methodHandle& selected_method,
  75                              int itable_index, TRAPS) {
  76   // This is only called for interface methods. If the resolved_method
  77   // comes from java/lang/Object, it can be the subject of a virtual call, so
  78   // we should pick the vtable index from the resolved method.
  79   // In that case, the caller must call set_virtual instead of set_interface.
  80   assert(resolved_method->method_holder()->is_interface(), "");
  81   assert(itable_index == resolved_method()->itable_index(), "");
  82   set_common(resolved_klass, selected_klass, resolved_method, selected_method, CallInfo::itable_call, itable_index, CHECK);
  83 }
  84 
  85 void CallInfo::set_virtual(Klass* resolved_klass,
  86                            Klass* selected_klass,
  87                            const methodHandle& resolved_method,
  88                            const methodHandle& selected_method,
  89                            int vtable_index, TRAPS) {
  90   assert(vtable_index >= 0 || vtable_index == Method::nonvirtual_vtable_index, "valid index");
  91   assert(vtable_index < 0 || !resolved_method->has_vtable_index() || vtable_index == resolved_method->vtable_index(), "");
  92   CallKind kind = (vtable_index >= 0 && !resolved_method->can_be_statically_bound() ? CallInfo::vtable_call : CallInfo::direct_call);
  93   set_common(resolved_klass, selected_klass, resolved_method, selected_method, kind, vtable_index, CHECK);
  94   assert(!resolved_method->is_compiled_lambda_form(), "these must be handled via an invokehandle call");
  95 }
  96 
  97 void CallInfo::set_handle(const methodHandle& resolved_method,
  98                           Handle resolved_appendix, TRAPS) {
  99   set_handle(SystemDictionary::MethodHandle_klass(), resolved_method, resolved_appendix, CHECK);
 100 }
 101 
 102 void CallInfo::set_handle(Klass* resolved_klass,
 103                           const methodHandle& resolved_method,
 104                           Handle resolved_appendix, TRAPS) {
 105   guarantee(resolved_method.not_null(), "resolved method is null");
 106   assert(resolved_method->intrinsic_id() == vmIntrinsics::_invokeBasic ||
 107          resolved_method->is_compiled_lambda_form(),
 108          "linkMethod must return one of these");
 109   int vtable_index = Method::nonvirtual_vtable_index;
 110   assert(!resolved_method->has_vtable_index(), "");
 111   set_common(resolved_klass, resolved_klass, resolved_method, resolved_method, CallInfo::direct_call, vtable_index, CHECK);
 112   _resolved_appendix = resolved_appendix;
 113 }
 114 
 115 void CallInfo::set_common(Klass* resolved_klass,
 116                           Klass* selected_klass,
 117                           const methodHandle& resolved_method,
 118                           const methodHandle& selected_method,
 119                           CallKind kind,
 120                           int index,
 121                           TRAPS) {
 122   assert(resolved_method->signature() == selected_method->signature(), "signatures must correspond");
 123   _resolved_klass  = resolved_klass;
 124   _selected_klass  = selected_klass;
 125   _resolved_method = resolved_method;
 126   _selected_method = selected_method;
 127   _call_kind       = kind;
 128   _call_index      = index;
 129   _resolved_appendix = Handle();
 130   DEBUG_ONLY(verify());  // verify before making side effects
 131 
 132   CompilationPolicy::compile_if_required(selected_method, THREAD);
 133 }
 134 
 135 // utility query for unreflecting a method
 136 CallInfo::CallInfo(Method* resolved_method, Klass* resolved_klass, TRAPS) {
 137   Klass* resolved_method_holder = resolved_method->method_holder();
 138   if (resolved_klass == NULL) { // 2nd argument defaults to holder of 1st
 139     resolved_klass = resolved_method_holder;
 140   }
 141   _resolved_klass  = resolved_klass;
 142   _selected_klass  = resolved_klass;
 143   _resolved_method = methodHandle(THREAD, resolved_method);
 144   _selected_method = methodHandle(THREAD, resolved_method);
 145   // classify:
 146   CallKind kind = CallInfo::unknown_kind;
 147   int index = resolved_method->vtable_index();
 148   if (resolved_method->can_be_statically_bound()) {
 149     kind = CallInfo::direct_call;
 150   } else if (!resolved_method_holder->is_interface()) {
 151     // Could be an Object method inherited into an interface, but still a vtable call.
 152     kind = CallInfo::vtable_call;
 153   } else if (!resolved_klass->is_interface()) {
 154     // A default or miranda method.  Compute the vtable index.
 155     index = LinkResolver::vtable_index_of_interface_method(resolved_klass,
 156                            _resolved_method);
 157     assert(index >= 0 , "we should have valid vtable index at this point");
 158 
 159     kind = CallInfo::vtable_call;
 160   } else if (resolved_method->has_vtable_index()) {
 161     // Can occur if an interface redeclares a method of Object.
 162 
 163 #ifdef ASSERT
 164     // Ensure that this is really the case.
 165     Klass* object_klass = SystemDictionary::Object_klass();
 166     Method * object_resolved_method = object_klass->vtable().method_at(index);
 167     assert(object_resolved_method->name() == resolved_method->name(),
 168       "Object and interface method names should match at vtable index %d, %s != %s",
 169       index, object_resolved_method->name()->as_C_string(), resolved_method->name()->as_C_string());
 170     assert(object_resolved_method->signature() == resolved_method->signature(),
 171       "Object and interface method signatures should match at vtable index %d, %s != %s",
 172       index, object_resolved_method->signature()->as_C_string(), resolved_method->signature()->as_C_string());
 173 #endif // ASSERT
 174 
 175     kind = CallInfo::vtable_call;
 176   } else {
 177     // A regular interface call.
 178     kind = CallInfo::itable_call;
 179     index = resolved_method->itable_index();
 180   }
 181   assert(index == Method::nonvirtual_vtable_index || index >= 0, "bad index %d", index);
 182   _call_kind  = kind;
 183   _call_index = index;
 184   _resolved_appendix = Handle();
 185   // Find or create a ResolvedMethod instance for this Method*
 186   set_resolved_method_name(CHECK);
 187 
 188   DEBUG_ONLY(verify());
 189 }
 190 
 191 void CallInfo::set_resolved_method_name(TRAPS) {
 192   assert(_resolved_method() != NULL, "Should already have a Method*");
 193   oop rmethod_name = java_lang_invoke_ResolvedMethodName::find_resolved_method(_resolved_method, CHECK);
 194   _resolved_method_name = Handle(THREAD, rmethod_name);
 195 }
 196 
 197 #ifdef ASSERT
 198 void CallInfo::verify() {
 199   switch (call_kind()) {  // the meaning and allowed value of index depends on kind
 200   case CallInfo::direct_call:
 201     if (_call_index == Method::nonvirtual_vtable_index)  break;
 202     // else fall through to check vtable index:
 203   case CallInfo::vtable_call:
 204     assert(resolved_klass()->verify_vtable_index(_call_index), "");
 205     break;
 206   case CallInfo::itable_call:
 207     assert(resolved_method()->method_holder()->verify_itable_index(_call_index), "");
 208     break;
 209   case CallInfo::unknown_kind:
 210     assert(call_kind() != CallInfo::unknown_kind, "CallInfo must be set");
 211     break;
 212   default:
 213     fatal("Unexpected call kind %d", call_kind());
 214   }
 215 }
 216 #endif // ASSERT
 217 
 218 #ifndef PRODUCT
 219 void CallInfo::print() {
 220   ResourceMark rm;
 221   const char* kindstr;
 222   switch (_call_kind) {
 223   case direct_call: kindstr = "direct";  break;
 224   case vtable_call: kindstr = "vtable";  break;
 225   case itable_call: kindstr = "itable";  break;
 226   default         : kindstr = "unknown"; break;
 227   }
 228   tty->print_cr("Call %s@%d %s", kindstr, _call_index,
 229                 _resolved_method.is_null() ? "(none)" : _resolved_method->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
 230 }
 231 #endif
 232 
 233 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 234 // Implementation of LinkInfo
 235 
 236 LinkInfo::LinkInfo(const constantPoolHandle& pool, int index, const methodHandle& current_method, TRAPS) {
 237    // resolve klass
 238   _resolved_klass = pool->klass_ref_at(index, CHECK);
 239 
 240   // Get name, signature, and static klass
 241   _name          = pool->name_ref_at(index);
 242   _signature     = pool->signature_ref_at(index);
 243   _tag           = pool->tag_ref_at(index);
 244   _current_klass = pool->pool_holder();
 245   _current_method = current_method;
 246 
 247   // Coming from the constant pool always checks access
 248   _check_access  = true;
 249 }
 250 
 251 LinkInfo::LinkInfo(const constantPoolHandle& pool, int index, TRAPS) {
 252    // resolve klass
 253   _resolved_klass = pool->klass_ref_at(index, CHECK);
 254 
 255   // Get name, signature, and static klass
 256   _name          = pool->name_ref_at(index);
 257   _signature     = pool->signature_ref_at(index);
 258   _tag           = pool->tag_ref_at(index);
 259   _current_klass = pool->pool_holder();
 260   _current_method = methodHandle();
 261 
 262   // Coming from the constant pool always checks access
 263   _check_access  = true;
 264 }
 265 
 266 #ifndef PRODUCT
 267 void LinkInfo::print() {
 268   ResourceMark rm;
 269   tty->print_cr("Link resolved_klass=%s name=%s signature=%s current_klass=%s check_access=%s",
 270                 _resolved_klass->name()->as_C_string(),
 271                 _name->as_C_string(),
 272                 _signature->as_C_string(),
 273                 _current_klass == NULL ? "(none)" : _current_klass->name()->as_C_string(),
 274                 _check_access ? "true" : "false");
 275 }
 276 #endif // PRODUCT
 277 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 278 // Klass resolution
 279 
 280 void LinkResolver::check_klass_accessability(Klass* ref_klass, Klass* sel_klass,
 281                                              bool fold_type_to_class, TRAPS) {
 282   Klass* base_klass = sel_klass;
 283   if (fold_type_to_class) {
 284     if (sel_klass->is_objArray_klass()) {
 285       base_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(sel_klass)->bottom_klass();
 286     }
 287     // The element type could be a typeArray - we only need the access
 288     // check if it is a reference to another class.
 289     if (!base_klass->is_instance_klass()) {
 290       return;  // no relevant check to do
 291     }
 292   }
 293   Reflection::VerifyClassAccessResults vca_result =
 294     Reflection::verify_class_access(ref_klass, InstanceKlass::cast(base_klass), true);
 295   if (vca_result != Reflection::ACCESS_OK) {
 296     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 297     char* msg = Reflection::verify_class_access_msg(ref_klass,
 298                                                     InstanceKlass::cast(base_klass),
 299                                                     vca_result);
 300     bool same_module = (base_klass->module() == ref_klass->module());
 301     if (msg == NULL) {
 302       Exceptions::fthrow(
 303         THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
 304         vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalAccessError(),
 305         "failed to access class %s from class %s (%s%s%s)",
 306         base_klass->external_name(),
 307         ref_klass->external_name(),
 308         (same_module) ? base_klass->joint_in_module_of_loader(ref_klass) : base_klass->class_in_module_of_loader(),
 309         (same_module) ? "" : "; ",
 310         (same_module) ? "" : ref_klass->class_in_module_of_loader());
 311     } else {
 312       // Use module specific message returned by verify_class_access_msg().
 313       Exceptions::fthrow(
 314         THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
 315         vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalAccessError(),
 316         "%s", msg);
 317     }
 318   }
 319 }
 320 
 321 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 322 // Method resolution
 323 //
 324 // According to JVM spec. $5.4.3c & $5.4.3d
 325 
 326 // Look up method in klasses, including static methods
 327 // Then look up local default methods
 328 Method* LinkResolver::lookup_method_in_klasses(const LinkInfo& link_info,
 329                                                bool checkpolymorphism,
 330                                                bool in_imethod_resolve) {
 331   NoSafepointVerifier nsv;  // Method* returned may not be reclaimed
 332 
 333   Klass* klass = link_info.resolved_klass();
 334   Symbol* name = link_info.name();
 335   Symbol* signature = link_info.signature();
 336 
 337   // Ignore overpasses so statics can be found during resolution
 338   Method* result = klass->uncached_lookup_method(name, signature, Klass::skip_overpass);
 339 
 340   if (klass->is_array_klass()) {
 341     // Only consider klass and super klass for arrays
 342     return result;
 343   }
 344 
 345   InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(klass);
 346 
 347   // JDK 8, JVMS 5.4.3.4: Interface method resolution should
 348   // ignore static and non-public methods of java.lang.Object,
 349   // like clone, finalize, registerNatives.
 350   if (in_imethod_resolve &&
 351       result != NULL &&
 352       ik->is_interface() &&
 353       (result->is_static() || !result->is_public()) &&
 354       result->method_holder() == SystemDictionary::Object_klass()) {
 355     result = NULL;
 356   }
 357 
 358   // Before considering default methods, check for an overpass in the
 359   // current class if a method has not been found.
 360   if (result == NULL) {
 361     result = ik->find_method(name, signature);
 362   }
 363 
 364   if (result == NULL) {
 365     Array<Method*>* default_methods = ik->default_methods();
 366     if (default_methods != NULL) {
 367       result = InstanceKlass::find_method(default_methods, name, signature);
 368     }
 369   }
 370 
 371   if (checkpolymorphism && result != NULL) {
 372     vmIntrinsics::ID iid = result->intrinsic_id();
 373     if (MethodHandles::is_signature_polymorphic(iid)) {
 374       // Do not link directly to these.  The VM must produce a synthetic one using lookup_polymorphic_method.
 375       return NULL;
 376     }
 377   }
 378   return result;
 379 }
 380 
 381 // returns first instance method
 382 // Looks up method in classes, then looks up local default methods
 383 Method* LinkResolver::lookup_instance_method_in_klasses(Klass* klass,
 384                                                         Symbol* name,
 385                                                         Symbol* signature,
 386                                                         Klass::PrivateLookupMode private_mode, TRAPS) {
 387   Method* result = klass->uncached_lookup_method(name, signature, Klass::find_overpass, private_mode);
 388 
 389   while (result != NULL && result->is_static() && result->method_holder()->super() != NULL) {
 390     Klass* super_klass = result->method_holder()->super();
 391     result = super_klass->uncached_lookup_method(name, signature, Klass::find_overpass, private_mode);
 392   }
 393 
 394   if (klass->is_array_klass()) {
 395     // Only consider klass and super klass for arrays
 396     return result;
 397   }
 398 
 399   if (result == NULL) {
 400     Array<Method*>* default_methods = InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->default_methods();
 401     if (default_methods != NULL) {
 402       result = InstanceKlass::find_method(default_methods, name, signature);
 403       assert(result == NULL || !result->is_static(), "static defaults not allowed");
 404     }
 405   }
 406   return result;
 407 }
 408 
 409 int LinkResolver::vtable_index_of_interface_method(Klass* klass,
 410                                                    const methodHandle& resolved_method) {
 411 
 412   int vtable_index = Method::invalid_vtable_index;
 413   Symbol* name = resolved_method->name();
 414   Symbol* signature = resolved_method->signature();
 415   InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(klass);
 416 
 417   // First check in default method array
 418   if (!resolved_method->is_abstract() && ik->default_methods() != NULL) {
 419     int index = InstanceKlass::find_method_index(ik->default_methods(),
 420                                                  name, signature, Klass::find_overpass,
 421                                                  Klass::find_static, Klass::find_private);
 422     if (index >= 0 ) {
 423       vtable_index = ik->default_vtable_indices()->at(index);
 424     }
 425   }
 426   if (vtable_index == Method::invalid_vtable_index) {
 427     // get vtable_index for miranda methods
 428     klassVtable vt = ik->vtable();
 429     vtable_index = vt.index_of_miranda(name, signature);
 430   }
 431   return vtable_index;
 432 }
 433 
 434 Method* LinkResolver::lookup_method_in_interfaces(const LinkInfo& cp_info) {
 435   InstanceKlass *ik = InstanceKlass::cast(cp_info.resolved_klass());
 436 
 437   // Specify 'true' in order to skip default methods when searching the
 438   // interfaces.  Function lookup_method_in_klasses() already looked for
 439   // the method in the default methods table.
 440   return ik->lookup_method_in_all_interfaces(cp_info.name(), cp_info.signature(), Klass::skip_defaults);
 441 }
 442 
 443 Method* LinkResolver::lookup_polymorphic_method(const LinkInfo& link_info,
 444                                                 Handle *appendix_result_or_null,
 445                                                 TRAPS) {
 446   Klass* klass = link_info.resolved_klass();
 447   Symbol* name = link_info.name();
 448   Symbol* full_signature = link_info.signature();
 449 
 450   vmIntrinsics::ID iid = MethodHandles::signature_polymorphic_name_id(name);
 451   if (TraceMethodHandles) {
 452     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 453     tty->print_cr("lookup_polymorphic_method iid=%s %s.%s%s",
 454                   vmIntrinsics::name_at(iid), klass->external_name(),
 455                   name->as_C_string(), full_signature->as_C_string());
 456   }
 457   if ((klass == SystemDictionary::MethodHandle_klass() ||
 458        klass == SystemDictionary::VarHandle_klass()) &&
 459       iid != vmIntrinsics::_none) {
 460     if (MethodHandles::is_signature_polymorphic_intrinsic(iid)) {
 461       // Most of these do not need an up-call to Java to resolve, so can be done anywhere.
 462       // Do not erase last argument type (MemberName) if it is a static linkTo method.
 463       bool keep_last_arg = MethodHandles::is_signature_polymorphic_static(iid);
 464       TempNewSymbol basic_signature =
 465         MethodHandles::lookup_basic_type_signature(full_signature, keep_last_arg, CHECK_NULL);
 466       if (TraceMethodHandles) {
 467         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 468         tty->print_cr("lookup_polymorphic_method %s %s => basic %s",
 469                       name->as_C_string(),
 470                       full_signature->as_C_string(),
 471                       basic_signature->as_C_string());
 472       }
 473       Method* result = SystemDictionary::find_method_handle_intrinsic(iid,
 474                                                               basic_signature,
 475                                                               CHECK_NULL);
 476       if (result != NULL) {
 477         assert(result->is_method_handle_intrinsic(), "MH.invokeBasic or MH.linkTo* intrinsic");
 478         assert(result->intrinsic_id() != vmIntrinsics::_invokeGeneric, "wrong place to find this");
 479         assert(basic_signature == result->signature(), "predict the result signature");
 480         if (TraceMethodHandles) {
 481           ttyLocker ttyl;
 482           tty->print("lookup_polymorphic_method => intrinsic ");
 483           result->print_on(tty);
 484         }
 485       }
 486       return result;
 487     } else if (iid == vmIntrinsics::_invokeGeneric
 488                && THREAD->can_call_java()
 489                && appendix_result_or_null != NULL) {
 490       // This is a method with type-checking semantics.
 491       // We will ask Java code to spin an adapter method for it.
 492       if (!MethodHandles::enabled()) {
 493         // Make sure the Java part of the runtime has been booted up.
 494         Klass* natives = SystemDictionary::MethodHandleNatives_klass();
 495         if (natives == NULL || InstanceKlass::cast(natives)->is_not_initialized()) {
 496           SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_invoke_MethodHandleNatives(),
 497                                             Handle(),
 498                                             Handle(),
 499                                             true,
 500                                             CHECK_NULL);
 501         }
 502       }
 503 
 504       Handle appendix;
 505       Handle method_type;
 506       Method* result = SystemDictionary::find_method_handle_invoker(
 507                                                             klass,
 508                                                             name,
 509                                                             full_signature,
 510                                                             link_info.current_klass(),
 511                                                             &appendix,
 512                                                             CHECK_NULL);
 513       if (TraceMethodHandles) {
 514         ttyLocker ttyl;
 515         tty->print("lookup_polymorphic_method => (via Java) ");
 516         result->print_on(tty);
 517         tty->print("  lookup_polymorphic_method => appendix = ");
 518         if (appendix.is_null())  tty->print_cr("(none)");
 519         else                     appendix->print_on(tty);
 520       }
 521       if (result != NULL) {
 522 #ifdef ASSERT
 523         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 524 
 525         TempNewSymbol basic_signature =
 526           MethodHandles::lookup_basic_type_signature(full_signature, CHECK_NULL);
 527         int actual_size_of_params = result->size_of_parameters();
 528         int expected_size_of_params = ArgumentSizeComputer(basic_signature).size();
 529         // +1 for MethodHandle.this, +1 for trailing MethodType
 530         if (!MethodHandles::is_signature_polymorphic_static(iid))  expected_size_of_params += 1;
 531         if (appendix.not_null())                                   expected_size_of_params += 1;
 532         if (actual_size_of_params != expected_size_of_params) {
 533           tty->print_cr("*** basic_signature=%s", basic_signature->as_C_string());
 534           tty->print_cr("*** result for %s: ", vmIntrinsics::name_at(iid));
 535           result->print();
 536         }
 537         assert(actual_size_of_params == expected_size_of_params,
 538                "%d != %d", actual_size_of_params, expected_size_of_params);
 539 #endif //ASSERT
 540 
 541         assert(appendix_result_or_null != NULL, "");
 542         (*appendix_result_or_null) = appendix;
 543       }
 544       return result;
 545     }
 546   }
 547   return NULL;
 548 }
 549 
 550 void LinkResolver::check_method_accessability(Klass* ref_klass,
 551                                               Klass* resolved_klass,
 552                                               Klass* sel_klass,
 553                                               const methodHandle& sel_method,
 554                                               TRAPS) {
 555 
 556   AccessFlags flags = sel_method->access_flags();
 557 
 558   // Special case:  arrays always override "clone". JVMS 2.15.
 559   // If the resolved klass is an array class, and the declaring class
 560   // is java.lang.Object and the method is "clone", set the flags
 561   // to public.
 562   //
 563   // We'll check for the method name first, as that's most likely
 564   // to be false (so we'll short-circuit out of these tests).
 565   if (sel_method->name() == vmSymbols::clone_name() &&
 566       sel_klass == SystemDictionary::Object_klass() &&
 567       resolved_klass->is_array_klass()) {
 568     // We need to change "protected" to "public".
 569     assert(flags.is_protected(), "clone not protected?");
 570     jint new_flags = flags.as_int();
 571     new_flags = new_flags & (~JVM_ACC_PROTECTED);
 572     new_flags = new_flags | JVM_ACC_PUBLIC;
 573     flags.set_flags(new_flags);
 574   }
 575 //  assert(extra_arg_result_or_null != NULL, "must be able to return extra argument");
 576 
 577   bool can_access = Reflection::verify_member_access(ref_klass,
 578                                                      resolved_klass,
 579                                                      sel_klass,
 580                                                      flags,
 581                                                      true, false, CHECK);
 582   // Any existing exceptions that may have been thrown, for example LinkageErrors
 583   // from nest-host resolution, have been allowed to propagate.
 584   if (!can_access) {
 585     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 586     bool same_module = (sel_klass->module() == ref_klass->module());
 587     Exceptions::fthrow(
 588       THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
 589       vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalAccessError(),
 590       "class %s tried to access %s%s%smethod '%s' (%s%s%s)",
 591       ref_klass->external_name(),
 592       sel_method->is_abstract()  ? "abstract "  : "",
 593       sel_method->is_protected() ? "protected " : "",
 594       sel_method->is_private()   ? "private "   : "",
 595       sel_method->external_name(),
 596       (same_module) ? ref_klass->joint_in_module_of_loader(sel_klass) : ref_klass->class_in_module_of_loader(),
 597       (same_module) ? "" : "; ",
 598       (same_module) ? "" : sel_klass->class_in_module_of_loader()
 599     );
 600     return;
 601   }
 602 }
 603 
 604 Method* LinkResolver::resolve_method_statically(Bytecodes::Code code,
 605                                                 const constantPoolHandle& pool, int index, TRAPS) {
 606   // This method is used only
 607   // (1) in C2 from InlineTree::ok_to_inline (via ciMethod::check_call),
 608   // and
 609   // (2) in Bytecode_invoke::static_target
 610   // It appears to fail when applied to an invokeinterface call site.
 611   // FIXME: Remove this method and ciMethod::check_call; refactor to use the other LinkResolver entry points.
 612   // resolve klass
 613   if (code == Bytecodes::_invokedynamic) {
 614     Klass* resolved_klass = SystemDictionary::MethodHandle_klass();
 615     Symbol* method_name = vmSymbols::invoke_name();
 616     Symbol* method_signature = pool->signature_ref_at(index);
 617     Klass*  current_klass = pool->pool_holder();
 618     LinkInfo link_info(resolved_klass, method_name, method_signature, current_klass);
 619     return resolve_method(link_info, code, THREAD);
 620   }
 621 
 622   LinkInfo link_info(pool, index, methodHandle(), CHECK_NULL);
 623   Klass* resolved_klass = link_info.resolved_klass();
 624 
 625   if (pool->has_preresolution()
 626       || (resolved_klass == SystemDictionary::MethodHandle_klass() &&
 627           MethodHandles::is_signature_polymorphic_name(resolved_klass, link_info.name()))) {
 628     Method* result = ConstantPool::method_at_if_loaded(pool, index);
 629     if (result != NULL) {
 630       return result;
 631     }
 632   }
 633 
 634   if (code == Bytecodes::_invokeinterface) {
 635     return resolve_interface_method(link_info, code, THREAD);
 636   } else if (code == Bytecodes::_invokevirtual) {
 637     return resolve_method(link_info, code, THREAD);
 638   } else if (!resolved_klass->is_interface()) {
 639     return resolve_method(link_info, code, THREAD);
 640   } else {
 641     return resolve_interface_method(link_info, code, THREAD);
 642   }
 643 }
 644 
 645 // Check and print a loader constraint violation message for method or interface method
 646 void LinkResolver::check_method_loader_constraints(const LinkInfo& link_info,
 647                                                    const methodHandle& resolved_method,
 648                                                    const char* method_type, TRAPS) {
 649   Handle current_loader(THREAD, link_info.current_klass()->class_loader());
 650   Handle resolved_loader(THREAD, resolved_method->method_holder()->class_loader());
 651 
 652   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 653   Symbol* failed_type_symbol =
 654     SystemDictionary::check_signature_loaders(link_info.signature(), current_loader,
 655                                               resolved_loader, true, CHECK);
 656   if (failed_type_symbol != NULL) {
 657     Klass* current_class = link_info.current_klass();
 658     ClassLoaderData* current_loader_data = current_class->class_loader_data();
 659     assert(current_loader_data != NULL, "current class has no class loader data");
 660     Klass* resolved_method_class = resolved_method->method_holder();
 661     ClassLoaderData* target_loader_data = resolved_method_class->class_loader_data();
 662     assert(target_loader_data != NULL, "resolved method's class has no class loader data");
 663 
 664     stringStream ss;
 665     ss.print("loader constraint violation: when resolving %s '", method_type);
 666     Method::print_external_name(&ss, link_info.resolved_klass(), link_info.name(), link_info.signature());
 667     ss.print("' the class loader %s of the current class, %s,"
 668              " and the class loader %s for the method's defining class, %s, have"
 669              " different Class objects for the type %s used in the signature (%s; %s)",
 670              current_loader_data->loader_name_and_id(),
 671              current_class->name()->as_C_string(),
 672              target_loader_data->loader_name_and_id(),
 673              resolved_method_class->name()->as_C_string(),
 674              failed_type_symbol->as_C_string(),
 675              current_class->class_in_module_of_loader(false, true),
 676              resolved_method_class->class_in_module_of_loader(false, true));
 677     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_LinkageError(), ss.as_string());
 678   }
 679 }
 680 
 681 void LinkResolver::check_field_loader_constraints(Symbol* field, Symbol* sig,
 682                                                   Klass* current_klass,
 683                                                   Klass* sel_klass, TRAPS) {
 684   Handle ref_loader(THREAD, current_klass->class_loader());
 685   Handle sel_loader(THREAD, sel_klass->class_loader());
 686 
 687   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);  // needed for check_signature_loaders
 688   Symbol* failed_type_symbol =
 689     SystemDictionary::check_signature_loaders(sig,
 690                                               ref_loader, sel_loader,
 691                                               false,
 692                                               CHECK);
 693   if (failed_type_symbol != NULL) {
 694     stringStream ss;
 695     const char* failed_type_name = failed_type_symbol->as_klass_external_name();
 696 
 697     ss.print("loader constraint violation: when resolving field \"%s\" of type %s, "
 698              "the class loader %s of the current class, %s, "
 699              "and the class loader %s for the field's defining %s, %s, "
 700              "have different Class objects for type %s (%s; %s)",
 701              field->as_C_string(),
 702              failed_type_name,
 703              current_klass->class_loader_data()->loader_name_and_id(),
 704              current_klass->external_name(),
 705              sel_klass->class_loader_data()->loader_name_and_id(),
 706              sel_klass->external_kind(),
 707              sel_klass->external_name(),
 708              failed_type_name,
 709              current_klass->class_in_module_of_loader(false, true),
 710              sel_klass->class_in_module_of_loader(false, true));
 711     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_LinkageError(), ss.as_string());
 712   }
 713 }
 714 
 715 Method* LinkResolver::resolve_method(const LinkInfo& link_info,
 716                                      Bytecodes::Code code, TRAPS) {
 717 
 718   Handle nested_exception;
 719   Klass* resolved_klass = link_info.resolved_klass();
 720 
 721   // 1. For invokevirtual, cannot call an interface method
 722   if (code == Bytecodes::_invokevirtual && resolved_klass->is_interface()) {
 723     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 724     char buf[200];
 725     jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Found interface %s, but class was expected",
 726         resolved_klass->external_name());
 727     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), buf);
 728   }
 729 
 730   // 2. check constant pool tag for called method - must be JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref
 731   if (!link_info.tag().is_invalid() && !link_info.tag().is_method()) {
 732     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 733     stringStream ss;
 734     ss.print("Method '");
 735     Method::print_external_name(&ss, link_info.resolved_klass(), link_info.name(), link_info.signature());
 736     ss.print("' must be Methodref constant");
 737     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), ss.as_string());
 738   }
 739 
 740   // 3. lookup method in resolved klass and its super klasses
 741   methodHandle resolved_method(THREAD, lookup_method_in_klasses(link_info, true, false));
 742 
 743   // 4. lookup method in all the interfaces implemented by the resolved klass
 744   if (resolved_method.is_null() && !resolved_klass->is_array_klass()) { // not found in the class hierarchy
 745     resolved_method = methodHandle(THREAD, lookup_method_in_interfaces(link_info));
 746 
 747     if (resolved_method.is_null()) {
 748       // JSR 292:  see if this is an implicitly generated method MethodHandle.linkToVirtual(*...), etc
 749       Method* method = lookup_polymorphic_method(link_info, (Handle*)NULL, THREAD);
 750       resolved_method = methodHandle(THREAD, method);
 751       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 752         nested_exception = Handle(THREAD, PENDING_EXCEPTION);
 753         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 754       }
 755     }
 756   }
 757 
 758   // 5. method lookup failed
 759   if (resolved_method.is_null()) {
 760     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 761     stringStream ss;
 762     ss.print("'");
 763     Method::print_external_name(&ss, resolved_klass, link_info.name(), link_info.signature());
 764     ss.print("'");
 765     THROW_MSG_CAUSE_(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchMethodError(),
 766                      ss.as_string(), nested_exception, NULL);
 767   }
 768 
 769   // 6. access checks, access checking may be turned off when calling from within the VM.
 770   Klass* current_klass = link_info.current_klass();
 771   if (link_info.check_access()) {
 772     assert(current_klass != NULL , "current_klass should not be null");
 773 
 774     // check if method can be accessed by the referring class
 775     check_method_accessability(current_klass,
 776                                resolved_klass,
 777                                resolved_method->method_holder(),
 778                                resolved_method,
 779                                CHECK_NULL);
 780 
 781     // check loader constraints
 782     check_method_loader_constraints(link_info, resolved_method, "method", CHECK_NULL);
 783   }
 784 
 785   return resolved_method();
 786 }
 787 
 788 static void trace_method_resolution(const char* prefix,
 789                                     Klass* klass,
 790                                     Klass* resolved_klass,
 791                                     Method* method,
 792                                     bool logitables,
 793                                     int index = -1) {
 794 #ifndef PRODUCT
 795   ResourceMark rm;
 796   Log(itables) logi;
 797   LogStream lsi(logi.trace());
 798   Log(vtables) logv;
 799   LogStream lsv(logv.trace());
 800   outputStream* st;
 801   if (logitables) {
 802     st = &lsi;
 803   } else {
 804     st = &lsv;
 805   }
 806   st->print("%s%s, compile-time-class:%s, method:%s, method_holder:%s, access_flags: ",
 807             prefix,
 808             (klass == NULL ? "<NULL>" : klass->internal_name()),
 809             (resolved_klass == NULL ? "<NULL>" : resolved_klass->internal_name()),
 810             Method::name_and_sig_as_C_string(resolved_klass,
 811                                              method->name(),
 812                                              method->signature()),
 813             method->method_holder()->internal_name());
 814   method->print_linkage_flags(st);
 815   if (index != -1) {
 816     st->print("vtable_index:%d", index);
 817   }
 818   st->cr();
 819 #endif // PRODUCT
 820 }
 821 
 822 // Do linktime resolution of a method in the interface within the context of the specied bytecode.
 823 Method* LinkResolver::resolve_interface_method(const LinkInfo& link_info, Bytecodes::Code code, TRAPS) {
 824 
 825   Klass* resolved_klass = link_info.resolved_klass();
 826 
 827   // check if klass is interface
 828   if (!resolved_klass->is_interface()) {
 829     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 830     char buf[200];
 831     jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Found class %s, but interface was expected", resolved_klass->external_name());
 832     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), buf);
 833   }
 834 
 835   // check constant pool tag for called method - must be JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref
 836   if (!link_info.tag().is_invalid() && !link_info.tag().is_interface_method()) {
 837     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 838     stringStream ss;
 839     ss.print("Method '");
 840     Method::print_external_name(&ss, link_info.resolved_klass(), link_info.name(), link_info.signature());
 841     ss.print("' must be InterfaceMethodref constant");
 842     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), ss.as_string());
 843   }
 844 
 845   // lookup method in this interface or its super, java.lang.Object
 846   // JDK8: also look for static methods
 847   methodHandle resolved_method(THREAD, lookup_method_in_klasses(link_info, false, true));
 848 
 849   if (resolved_method.is_null() && !resolved_klass->is_array_klass()) {
 850     // lookup method in all the super-interfaces
 851     resolved_method = methodHandle(THREAD, lookup_method_in_interfaces(link_info));
 852   }
 853 
 854   if (resolved_method.is_null()) {
 855     // no method found
 856     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 857     stringStream ss;
 858     ss.print("'");
 859     Method::print_external_name(&ss, resolved_klass, link_info.name(), link_info.signature());
 860     ss.print("'");
 861     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchMethodError(), ss.as_string());
 862   }
 863 
 864   if (link_info.check_access()) {
 865     // JDK8 adds non-public interface methods, and accessability check requirement
 866     Klass* current_klass = link_info.current_klass();
 867 
 868     assert(current_klass != NULL , "current_klass should not be null");
 869 
 870     // check if method can be accessed by the referring class
 871     check_method_accessability(current_klass,
 872                                resolved_klass,
 873                                resolved_method->method_holder(),
 874                                resolved_method,
 875                                CHECK_NULL);
 876 
 877     check_method_loader_constraints(link_info, resolved_method, "interface method", CHECK_NULL);
 878   }
 879 
 880   if (code != Bytecodes::_invokestatic && resolved_method->is_static()) {
 881     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 882     stringStream ss;
 883     ss.print("Expected instance not static method '");
 884     Method::print_external_name(&ss, resolved_klass,
 885                                 resolved_method->name(), resolved_method->signature());
 886     ss.print("'");
 887     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), ss.as_string());
 888   }
 889 
 890   if (log_develop_is_enabled(Trace, itables)) {
 891     char buf[200];
 892     jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s resolved interface method: caller-class:",
 893                  Bytecodes::name(code));
 894     trace_method_resolution(buf, link_info.current_klass(), resolved_klass, resolved_method(), true);
 895   }
 896 
 897   return resolved_method();
 898 }
 899 
 900 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 901 // Field resolution
 902 
 903 void LinkResolver::check_field_accessability(Klass* ref_klass,
 904                                              Klass* resolved_klass,
 905                                              Klass* sel_klass,
 906                                              const fieldDescriptor& fd,
 907                                              TRAPS) {
 908   bool can_access = Reflection::verify_member_access(ref_klass,
 909                                                      resolved_klass,
 910                                                      sel_klass,
 911                                                      fd.access_flags(),
 912                                                      true, false, CHECK);
 913   // Any existing exceptions that may have been thrown, for example LinkageErrors
 914   // from nest-host resolution, have been allowed to propagate.
 915   if (!can_access) {
 916     bool same_module = (sel_klass->module() == ref_klass->module());
 917     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 918     Exceptions::fthrow(
 919       THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
 920       vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalAccessError(),
 921       "class %s tried to access %s%sfield %s.%s (%s%s%s)",
 922       ref_klass->external_name(),
 923       fd.is_protected() ? "protected " : "",
 924       fd.is_private()   ? "private "   : "",
 925       sel_klass->external_name(),
 926       fd.name()->as_C_string(),
 927       (same_module) ? ref_klass->joint_in_module_of_loader(sel_klass) : ref_klass->class_in_module_of_loader(),
 928       (same_module) ? "" : "; ",
 929       (same_module) ? "" : sel_klass->class_in_module_of_loader()
 930     );
 931     return;
 932   }
 933 }
 934 
 935 void LinkResolver::resolve_field_access(fieldDescriptor& fd, const constantPoolHandle& pool, int index, const methodHandle& method, Bytecodes::Code byte, TRAPS) {
 936   LinkInfo link_info(pool, index, method, CHECK);
 937   resolve_field(fd, link_info, byte, true, CHECK);
 938 }
 939 
 940 void LinkResolver::resolve_field(fieldDescriptor& fd,
 941                                  const LinkInfo& link_info,
 942                                  Bytecodes::Code byte, bool initialize_class,
 943                                  TRAPS) {
 944   assert(byte == Bytecodes::_getstatic || byte == Bytecodes::_putstatic ||
 945          byte == Bytecodes::_getfield  || byte == Bytecodes::_putfield  ||
 946          byte == Bytecodes::_nofast_getfield  || byte == Bytecodes::_nofast_putfield  ||
 947          (byte == Bytecodes::_nop && !link_info.check_access()), "bad field access bytecode");
 948 
 949   bool is_static = (byte == Bytecodes::_getstatic || byte == Bytecodes::_putstatic);
 950   bool is_put    = (byte == Bytecodes::_putfield  || byte == Bytecodes::_putstatic || byte == Bytecodes::_nofast_putfield);
 951   // Check if there's a resolved klass containing the field
 952   Klass* resolved_klass = link_info.resolved_klass();
 953   Symbol* field = link_info.name();
 954   Symbol* sig = link_info.signature();
 955 
 956   if (resolved_klass == NULL) {
 957     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 958     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchFieldError(), field->as_C_string());
 959   }
 960 
 961   // Resolve instance field
 962   Klass* sel_klass = resolved_klass->find_field(field, sig, &fd);
 963   // check if field exists; i.e., if a klass containing the field def has been selected
 964   if (sel_klass == NULL) {
 965     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 966     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchFieldError(), field->as_C_string());
 967   }
 968 
 969   // Access checking may be turned off when calling from within the VM.
 970   Klass* current_klass = link_info.current_klass();
 971   if (link_info.check_access()) {
 972 
 973     // check access
 974     check_field_accessability(current_klass, resolved_klass, sel_klass, fd, CHECK);
 975 
 976     // check for errors
 977     if (is_static != fd.is_static()) {
 978       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 979       char msg[200];
 980       jio_snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "Expected %s field %s.%s", is_static ? "static" : "non-static", resolved_klass->external_name(), fd.name()->as_C_string());
 981       THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), msg);
 982     }
 983 
 984     // A final field can be modified only
 985     // (1) by methods declared in the class declaring the field and
 986     // (2) by the <clinit> method (in case of a static field)
 987     //     or by the <init> method (in case of an instance field).
 988     if (is_put && fd.access_flags().is_final()) {
 989       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 990       stringStream ss;
 991 
 992       if (sel_klass != current_klass) {
 993         ss.print("Update to %s final field %s.%s attempted from a different class (%s) than the field's declaring class",
 994                  is_static ? "static" : "non-static", resolved_klass->external_name(), fd.name()->as_C_string(),
 995                 current_klass->external_name());
 996         THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalAccessError(), ss.as_string());
 997       }
 998 
 999       if (fd.constants()->pool_holder()->major_version() >= 53) {
1000         Method* m = link_info.current_method();
1001         assert(m != NULL, "information about the current method must be available for 'put' bytecodes");
1002         bool is_initialized_static_final_update = (byte == Bytecodes::_putstatic &&
1003                                                    fd.is_static() &&
1004                                                    !m->is_static_initializer());
1005         bool is_initialized_instance_final_update = ((byte == Bytecodes::_putfield || byte == Bytecodes::_nofast_putfield) &&
1006                                                      !fd.is_static() &&
1007                                                      !m->is_object_initializer());
1008 
1009         if (is_initialized_static_final_update || is_initialized_instance_final_update) {
1010           ss.print("Update to %s final field %s.%s attempted from a different method (%s) than the initializer method %s ",
1011                    is_static ? "static" : "non-static", resolved_klass->external_name(), fd.name()->as_C_string(),
1012                    m->name()->as_C_string(),
1013                    is_static ? "<clinit>" : "<init>");
1014           THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalAccessError(), ss.as_string());
1015         }
1016       }
1017     }
1018 
1019     // initialize resolved_klass if necessary
1020     // note 1: the klass which declared the field must be initialized (i.e, sel_klass)
1021     //         according to the newest JVM spec (5.5, p.170) - was bug (gri 7/28/99)
1022     //
1023     // note 2: we don't want to force initialization if we are just checking
1024     //         if the field access is legal; e.g., during compilation
1025     if (is_static && initialize_class) {
1026       sel_klass->initialize(CHECK);
1027     }
1028   }
1029 
1030   if ((sel_klass != current_klass) && (current_klass != NULL)) {
1031     check_field_loader_constraints(field, sig, current_klass, sel_klass, CHECK);
1032   }
1033 
1034   // return information. note that the klass is set to the actual klass containing the
1035   // field, otherwise access of static fields in superclasses will not work.
1036 }
1037 
1038 
1039 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1040 // Invoke resolution
1041 //
1042 // Naming conventions:
1043 //
1044 // resolved_method    the specified method (i.e., static receiver specified via constant pool index)
1045 // sel_method         the selected method  (selected via run-time lookup; e.g., based on dynamic receiver class)
1046 // resolved_klass     the specified klass  (i.e., specified via constant pool index)
1047 // recv_klass         the receiver klass
1048 
1049 
1050 void LinkResolver::resolve_static_call(CallInfo& result,
1051                                        const LinkInfo& link_info,
1052                                        bool initialize_class, TRAPS) {
1053   Method* resolved_method = linktime_resolve_static_method(link_info, CHECK);
1054 
1055   // The resolved class can change as a result of this resolution.
1056   Klass* resolved_klass = resolved_method->method_holder();
1057 
1058   // Initialize klass (this should only happen if everything is ok)
1059   if (initialize_class && resolved_klass->should_be_initialized()) {
1060     resolved_klass->initialize(CHECK);
1061     // Use updated LinkInfo to reresolve with resolved method holder
1062     LinkInfo new_info(resolved_klass, link_info.name(), link_info.signature(),
1063                       link_info.current_klass(),
1064                       link_info.check_access() ? LinkInfo::needs_access_check : LinkInfo::skip_access_check);
1065     resolved_method = linktime_resolve_static_method(new_info, CHECK);
1066   }
1067 
1068   // setup result
1069   result.set_static(resolved_klass, methodHandle(THREAD, resolved_method), CHECK);
1070 }
1071 
1072 // throws linktime exceptions
1073 Method* LinkResolver::linktime_resolve_static_method(const LinkInfo& link_info, TRAPS) {
1074 
1075   Klass* resolved_klass = link_info.resolved_klass();
1076   Method* resolved_method;
1077   if (!resolved_klass->is_interface()) {
1078     resolved_method = resolve_method(link_info, Bytecodes::_invokestatic, CHECK_NULL);
1079   } else {
1080     resolved_method = resolve_interface_method(link_info, Bytecodes::_invokestatic, CHECK_NULL);
1081   }
1082   assert(resolved_method->name() != vmSymbols::class_initializer_name(), "should have been checked in verifier");
1083 
1084   // check if static
1085   if (!resolved_method->is_static()) {
1086     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1087     stringStream ss;
1088     ss.print("Expected static method '");
1089     resolved_method->print_external_name(&ss);
1090     ss.print("'");
1091     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), ss.as_string());
1092   }
1093   return resolved_method;
1094 }
1095 
1096 
1097 void LinkResolver::resolve_special_call(CallInfo& result,
1098                                         Handle recv,
1099                                         const LinkInfo& link_info,
1100                                         TRAPS) {
1101   Method* resolved_method = linktime_resolve_special_method(link_info, CHECK);
1102   runtime_resolve_special_method(result, link_info, methodHandle(THREAD, resolved_method), recv, CHECK);
1103 }
1104 
1105 // throws linktime exceptions
1106 Method* LinkResolver::linktime_resolve_special_method(const LinkInfo& link_info, TRAPS) {
1107 
1108   // Invokespecial is called for multiple special reasons:
1109   // <init>
1110   // local private method invocation, for classes and interfaces
1111   // superclass.method, which can also resolve to a default method
1112   // and the selected method is recalculated relative to the direct superclass
1113   // superinterface.method, which explicitly does not check shadowing
1114   Klass* resolved_klass = link_info.resolved_klass();
1115   Method* resolved_method;
1116 
1117   if (!resolved_klass->is_interface()) {
1118     resolved_method = resolve_method(link_info, Bytecodes::_invokespecial, CHECK_NULL);
1119   } else {
1120     resolved_method = resolve_interface_method(link_info, Bytecodes::_invokespecial, CHECK_NULL);
1121   }
1122 
1123   // check if method name is <init>, that it is found in same klass as static type
1124   if (resolved_method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name() &&
1125       resolved_method->method_holder() != resolved_klass) {
1126     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1127     stringStream ss;
1128     ss.print("%s: method '", resolved_klass->external_name());
1129     resolved_method->signature()->print_as_signature_external_return_type(&ss);
1130     ss.print(" %s(", resolved_method->name()->as_C_string());
1131     resolved_method->signature()->print_as_signature_external_parameters(&ss);
1132     ss.print(")' not found");
1133     Exceptions::fthrow(
1134       THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
1135       vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchMethodError(),
1136       "%s", ss.as_string());
1137     return NULL;
1138   }
1139 
1140   // ensure that invokespecial's interface method reference is in
1141   // a direct superinterface, not an indirect superinterface
1142   Klass* current_klass = link_info.current_klass();
1143   if (current_klass != NULL && resolved_klass->is_interface()) {
1144     InstanceKlass* ck = InstanceKlass::cast(current_klass);
1145     InstanceKlass *klass_to_check = !ck->is_unsafe_anonymous() ?
1146                                     ck :
1147                                     ck->unsafe_anonymous_host();
1148     // Disable verification for the dynamically-generated reflection bytecodes.
1149     bool is_reflect = klass_to_check->is_subclass_of(
1150                         SystemDictionary::reflect_MagicAccessorImpl_klass());
1151 
1152     if (!is_reflect &&
1153         !klass_to_check->is_same_or_direct_interface(resolved_klass)) {
1154       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1155       stringStream ss;
1156       ss.print("Interface method reference: '");
1157       resolved_method->print_external_name(&ss);
1158       ss.print("', is in an indirect superinterface of %s",
1159                current_klass->external_name());
1160       THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), ss.as_string());
1161     }
1162   }
1163 
1164   // check if not static
1165   if (resolved_method->is_static()) {
1166     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1167     stringStream ss;
1168     ss.print("Expecting non-static method '");
1169     resolved_method->print_external_name(&ss);
1170     ss.print("'");
1171     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), ss.as_string());
1172   }
1173 
1174   if (log_develop_is_enabled(Trace, itables)) {
1175     trace_method_resolution("invokespecial resolved method: caller-class:",
1176                             current_klass, resolved_klass, resolved_method, true);
1177   }
1178 
1179   return resolved_method;
1180 }
1181 
1182 // throws runtime exceptions
1183 void LinkResolver::runtime_resolve_special_method(CallInfo& result,
1184                                                   const LinkInfo& link_info,
1185                                                   const methodHandle& resolved_method,
1186                                                   Handle recv, TRAPS) {
1187 
1188   Klass* resolved_klass = link_info.resolved_klass();
1189 
1190   // resolved method is selected method unless we have an old-style lookup
1191   // for a superclass method
1192   // Invokespecial for a superinterface, resolved method is selected method,
1193   // no checks for shadowing
1194   methodHandle sel_method(THREAD, resolved_method());
1195 
1196   if (link_info.check_access() &&
1197       // check if the method is not <init>
1198       resolved_method->name() != vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
1199 
1200     Klass* current_klass = link_info.current_klass();
1201 
1202     // Check if the class of the resolved_klass is a superclass
1203     // (not supertype in order to exclude interface classes) of the current class.
1204     // This check is not performed for super.invoke for interface methods
1205     // in super interfaces.
1206     if (current_klass->is_subclass_of(resolved_klass) &&
1207         current_klass != resolved_klass) {
1208       // Lookup super method
1209       Klass* super_klass = current_klass->super();
1210       Method* instance_method = lookup_instance_method_in_klasses(super_klass,
1211                                                      resolved_method->name(),
1212                                                      resolved_method->signature(),
1213                                                      Klass::find_private, CHECK);
1214       sel_method = methodHandle(THREAD, instance_method);
1215 
1216       // check if found
1217       if (sel_method.is_null()) {
1218         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1219         stringStream ss;
1220         ss.print("'");
1221         resolved_method->print_external_name(&ss);
1222         ss.print("'");
1223         THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_AbstractMethodError(), ss.as_string());
1224       // check loader constraints if found a different method
1225       } else if (sel_method() != resolved_method()) {
1226         check_method_loader_constraints(link_info, sel_method, "method", CHECK);
1227       }
1228     }
1229 
1230     // Check that the class of objectref (the receiver) is the current class or interface,
1231     // or a subtype of the current class or interface (the sender), otherwise invokespecial
1232     // throws IllegalAccessError.
1233     // The verifier checks that the sender is a subtype of the class in the I/MR operand.
1234     // The verifier also checks that the receiver is a subtype of the sender, if the sender is
1235     // a class.  If the sender is an interface, the check has to be performed at runtime.
1236     InstanceKlass* sender = InstanceKlass::cast(current_klass);
1237     sender = sender->is_unsafe_anonymous() ? sender->unsafe_anonymous_host() : sender;
1238     if (sender->is_interface() && recv.not_null()) {
1239       Klass* receiver_klass = recv->klass();
1240       if (!receiver_klass->is_subtype_of(sender)) {
1241         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1242         char buf[500];
1243         jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
1244                      "Receiver class %s must be the current class or a subtype of interface %s",
1245                      receiver_klass->external_name(),
1246                      sender->external_name());
1247         THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalAccessError(), buf);
1248       }
1249     }
1250   }
1251 
1252   // check if not static
1253   if (sel_method->is_static()) {
1254     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1255     stringStream ss;
1256     ss.print("Expecting non-static method '");
1257     resolved_method->print_external_name(&ss);
1258     ss.print("'");
1259     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), ss.as_string());
1260   }
1261 
1262   // check if abstract
1263   if (sel_method->is_abstract()) {
1264     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1265     stringStream ss;
1266     ss.print("'");
1267     Method::print_external_name(&ss, resolved_klass, sel_method->name(), sel_method->signature());
1268     ss.print("'");
1269     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_AbstractMethodError(), ss.as_string());
1270   }
1271 
1272   if (log_develop_is_enabled(Trace, itables)) {
1273     trace_method_resolution("invokespecial selected method: resolved-class:",
1274                             resolved_klass, resolved_klass, sel_method(), true);
1275   }
1276 
1277   // setup result
1278   result.set_static(resolved_klass, sel_method, CHECK);
1279 }
1280 
1281 void LinkResolver::resolve_virtual_call(CallInfo& result, Handle recv, Klass* receiver_klass,
1282                                         const LinkInfo& link_info,
1283                                         bool check_null_and_abstract, TRAPS) {
1284   Method* resolved_method = linktime_resolve_virtual_method(link_info, CHECK);
1285   runtime_resolve_virtual_method(result, methodHandle(THREAD, resolved_method),
1286                                  link_info.resolved_klass(),
1287                                  recv, receiver_klass,
1288                                  check_null_and_abstract, CHECK);
1289 }
1290 
1291 // throws linktime exceptions
1292 Method* LinkResolver::linktime_resolve_virtual_method(const LinkInfo& link_info,
1293                                                            TRAPS) {
1294   // normal method resolution
1295   Method* resolved_method = resolve_method(link_info, Bytecodes::_invokevirtual, CHECK_NULL);
1296 
1297   assert(resolved_method->name() != vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(), "should have been checked in verifier");
1298   assert(resolved_method->name() != vmSymbols::class_initializer_name (), "should have been checked in verifier");
1299 
1300   // check if private interface method
1301   Klass* resolved_klass = link_info.resolved_klass();
1302   Klass* current_klass = link_info.current_klass();
1303 
1304   // This is impossible, if resolve_klass is an interface, we've thrown icce in resolve_method
1305   if (resolved_klass->is_interface() && resolved_method->is_private()) {
1306     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1307     stringStream ss;
1308     ss.print("private interface method requires invokespecial, not invokevirtual: method '");
1309     resolved_method->print_external_name(&ss);
1310     ss.print("', caller-class: %s",
1311              (current_klass == NULL ? "<null>" : current_klass->internal_name()));
1312     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), ss.as_string());
1313   }
1314 
1315   // check if not static
1316   if (resolved_method->is_static()) {
1317     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1318     stringStream ss;
1319     ss.print("Expecting non-static method '");
1320     resolved_method->print_external_name(&ss);
1321     ss.print("'");
1322     THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), ss.as_string());
1323   }
1324 
1325   if (log_develop_is_enabled(Trace, vtables)) {
1326     trace_method_resolution("invokevirtual resolved method: caller-class:",
1327                             current_klass, resolved_klass, resolved_method, false);
1328   }
1329 
1330   return resolved_method;
1331 }
1332 
1333 // throws runtime exceptions
1334 void LinkResolver::runtime_resolve_virtual_method(CallInfo& result,
1335                                                   const methodHandle& resolved_method,
1336                                                   Klass* resolved_klass,
1337                                                   Handle recv,
1338                                                   Klass* recv_klass,
1339                                                   bool check_null_and_abstract,
1340                                                   TRAPS) {
1341 
1342   // setup default return values
1343   int vtable_index = Method::invalid_vtable_index;
1344   methodHandle selected_method;
1345 
1346   // runtime method resolution
1347   if (check_null_and_abstract && recv.is_null()) { // check if receiver exists
1348     THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
1349   }
1350 
1351   // Virtual methods cannot be resolved before its klass has been linked, for otherwise the Method*'s
1352   // has not been rewritten, and the vtable initialized. Make sure to do this after the nullcheck, since
1353   // a missing receiver might result in a bogus lookup.
1354   assert(resolved_method->method_holder()->is_linked(), "must be linked");
1355 
1356   // do lookup based on receiver klass using the vtable index
1357   if (resolved_method->method_holder()->is_interface()) { // default or miranda method
1358     vtable_index = vtable_index_of_interface_method(resolved_klass, resolved_method);
1359     assert(vtable_index >= 0 , "we should have valid vtable index at this point");
1360 
1361     selected_method = methodHandle(THREAD, recv_klass->method_at_vtable(vtable_index));
1362   } else {
1363     // at this point we are sure that resolved_method is virtual and not
1364     // a default or miranda method; therefore, it must have a valid vtable index.
1365     assert(!resolved_method->has_itable_index(), "");
1366     vtable_index = resolved_method->vtable_index();
1367     // We could get a negative vtable_index of nonvirtual_vtable_index for private
1368     // methods, or for final methods. Private methods never appear in the vtable
1369     // and never override other methods. As an optimization, final methods are
1370     // never put in the vtable, unless they override an existing method.
1371     // So if we do get nonvirtual_vtable_index, it means the selected method is the
1372     // resolved method, and it can never be changed by an override.
1373     if (vtable_index == Method::nonvirtual_vtable_index) {
1374       assert(resolved_method->can_be_statically_bound(), "cannot override this method");
1375       selected_method = resolved_method;
1376     } else {
1377       selected_method = methodHandle(THREAD, recv_klass->method_at_vtable(vtable_index));
1378     }
1379   }
1380 
1381   // check if method exists
1382   if (selected_method.is_null()) {
1383     throw_abstract_method_error(resolved_method, recv_klass, CHECK);
1384   }
1385 
1386   // check if abstract
1387   if (check_null_and_abstract && selected_method->is_abstract()) {
1388     // Pass arguments for generating a verbose error message.
1389     throw_abstract_method_error(resolved_method, selected_method, recv_klass, CHECK);
1390   }
1391 
1392   if (log_develop_is_enabled(Trace, vtables)) {
1393     trace_method_resolution("invokevirtual selected method: receiver-class:",
1394                             recv_klass, resolved_klass, selected_method(),
1395                             false, vtable_index);
1396   }
1397   // setup result
1398   result.set_virtual(resolved_klass, recv_klass, resolved_method, selected_method, vtable_index, CHECK);
1399 }
1400 
1401 void LinkResolver::resolve_interface_call(CallInfo& result, Handle recv, Klass* recv_klass,
1402                                           const LinkInfo& link_info,
1403                                           bool check_null_and_abstract, TRAPS) {
1404   // throws linktime exceptions
1405   Method* resolved_method = linktime_resolve_interface_method(link_info, CHECK);
1406   methodHandle mh(THREAD, resolved_method);
1407   runtime_resolve_interface_method(result, mh, link_info.resolved_klass(),
1408                                    recv, recv_klass, check_null_and_abstract, CHECK);
1409 }
1410 
1411 Method* LinkResolver::linktime_resolve_interface_method(const LinkInfo& link_info,
1412                                                              TRAPS) {
1413   // normal interface method resolution
1414   Method* resolved_method = resolve_interface_method(link_info, Bytecodes::_invokeinterface, CHECK_NULL);
1415   assert(resolved_method->name() != vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(), "should have been checked in verifier");
1416   assert(resolved_method->name() != vmSymbols::class_initializer_name (), "should have been checked in verifier");
1417 
1418   return resolved_method;
1419 }
1420 
1421 // throws runtime exceptions
1422 void LinkResolver::runtime_resolve_interface_method(CallInfo& result,
1423                                                     const methodHandle& resolved_method,
1424                                                     Klass* resolved_klass,
1425                                                     Handle recv,
1426                                                     Klass* recv_klass,
1427                                                     bool check_null_and_abstract, TRAPS) {
1428 
1429   // check if receiver exists
1430   if (check_null_and_abstract && recv.is_null()) {
1431     THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
1432   }
1433 
1434   // check if receiver klass implements the resolved interface
1435   if (!recv_klass->is_subtype_of(resolved_klass)) {
1436     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1437     char buf[200];
1438     jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Class %s does not implement the requested interface %s",
1439                  recv_klass->external_name(),
1440                  resolved_klass->external_name());
1441     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), buf);
1442   }
1443 
1444   methodHandle selected_method = resolved_method;
1445 
1446   // resolve the method in the receiver class, unless it is private
1447   if (!resolved_method()->is_private()) {
1448     // do lookup based on receiver klass
1449     // This search must match the linktime preparation search for itable initialization
1450     // to correctly enforce loader constraints for interface method inheritance.
1451     // Private methods are skipped as the resolved method was not private.
1452     Method* method = lookup_instance_method_in_klasses(recv_klass,
1453                                                        resolved_method->name(),
1454                                                        resolved_method->signature(),
1455                                                        Klass::skip_private, CHECK);
1456     selected_method = methodHandle(THREAD, method);
1457 
1458     if (selected_method.is_null() && !check_null_and_abstract) {
1459       // In theory this is a harmless placeholder value, but
1460       // in practice leaving in null affects the nsk default method tests.
1461       // This needs further study.
1462       selected_method = resolved_method;
1463     }
1464     // check if method exists
1465     if (selected_method.is_null()) {
1466       // Pass arguments for generating a verbose error message.
1467       throw_abstract_method_error(resolved_method, recv_klass, CHECK);
1468     }
1469     // check access
1470     // Throw Illegal Access Error if selected_method is not public.
1471     if (!selected_method->is_public()) {
1472       ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1473       stringStream ss;
1474       ss.print("'");
1475       Method::print_external_name(&ss, recv_klass, selected_method->name(), selected_method->signature());
1476       ss.print("'");
1477       THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalAccessError(), ss.as_string());
1478     }
1479     // check if abstract
1480     if (check_null_and_abstract && selected_method->is_abstract()) {
1481       throw_abstract_method_error(resolved_method, selected_method, recv_klass, CHECK);
1482     }
1483   }
1484 
1485   if (log_develop_is_enabled(Trace, itables)) {
1486     trace_method_resolution("invokeinterface selected method: receiver-class:",
1487                             recv_klass, resolved_klass, selected_method(), true);
1488   }
1489   // setup result
1490   if (resolved_method->has_vtable_index()) {
1491     int vtable_index = resolved_method->vtable_index();
1492     log_develop_trace(itables)("  -- vtable index: %d", vtable_index);
1493     assert(vtable_index == selected_method->vtable_index(), "sanity check");
1494     result.set_virtual(resolved_klass, recv_klass, resolved_method, selected_method, vtable_index, CHECK);
1495   } else if (resolved_method->has_itable_index()) {
1496     int itable_index = resolved_method()->itable_index();
1497     log_develop_trace(itables)("  -- itable index: %d", itable_index);
1498     result.set_interface(resolved_klass, recv_klass, resolved_method, selected_method, itable_index, CHECK);
1499   } else {
1500     int index = resolved_method->vtable_index();
1501     log_develop_trace(itables)("  -- non itable/vtable index: %d", index);
1502     assert(index == Method::nonvirtual_vtable_index, "Oops hit another case!");
1503     assert(resolved_method()->is_private() ||
1504            (resolved_method()->is_final() && resolved_method->method_holder() == SystemDictionary::Object_klass()),
1505            "Should only have non-virtual invokeinterface for private or final-Object methods!");
1506     assert(resolved_method()->can_be_statically_bound(), "Should only have non-virtual invokeinterface for statically bound methods!");
1507     // This sets up the nonvirtual form of "virtual" call (as needed for final and private methods)
1508     result.set_virtual(resolved_klass, resolved_klass, resolved_method, resolved_method, index, CHECK);
1509   }
1510 }
1511 
1512 
1513 Method* LinkResolver::linktime_resolve_interface_method_or_null(
1514                                                  const LinkInfo& link_info) {
1515   EXCEPTION_MARK;
1516   Method* method_result = linktime_resolve_interface_method(link_info, THREAD);
1517   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1518     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1519     return NULL;
1520   } else {
1521     return method_result;
1522   }
1523 }
1524 
1525 Method* LinkResolver::linktime_resolve_virtual_method_or_null(
1526                                                  const LinkInfo& link_info) {
1527   EXCEPTION_MARK;
1528   Method* method_result = linktime_resolve_virtual_method(link_info, THREAD);
1529   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1530     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1531     return NULL;
1532   } else {
1533     return method_result;
1534   }
1535 }
1536 
1537 Method* LinkResolver::resolve_virtual_call_or_null(
1538                                                  Klass* receiver_klass,
1539                                                  const LinkInfo& link_info) {
1540   EXCEPTION_MARK;
1541   CallInfo info;
1542   resolve_virtual_call(info, Handle(), receiver_klass, link_info, false, THREAD);
1543   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1544     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1545     return NULL;
1546   }
1547   return info.selected_method();
1548 }
1549 
1550 Method* LinkResolver::resolve_interface_call_or_null(
1551                                                  Klass* receiver_klass,
1552                                                  const LinkInfo& link_info) {
1553   EXCEPTION_MARK;
1554   CallInfo info;
1555   resolve_interface_call(info, Handle(), receiver_klass, link_info, false, THREAD);
1556   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1557     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1558     return NULL;
1559   }
1560   return info.selected_method();
1561 }
1562 
1563 int LinkResolver::resolve_virtual_vtable_index(Klass* receiver_klass,
1564                                                const LinkInfo& link_info) {
1565   EXCEPTION_MARK;
1566   CallInfo info;
1567   resolve_virtual_call(info, Handle(), receiver_klass, link_info,
1568                        /*check_null_or_abstract*/false, THREAD);
1569   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1570     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1571     return Method::invalid_vtable_index;
1572   }
1573   return info.vtable_index();
1574 }
1575 
1576 Method* LinkResolver::resolve_static_call_or_null(const LinkInfo& link_info) {
1577   EXCEPTION_MARK;
1578   CallInfo info;
1579   resolve_static_call(info, link_info, /*initialize_class*/false, THREAD);
1580   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1581     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1582     return NULL;
1583   }
1584   return info.selected_method();
1585 }
1586 
1587 Method* LinkResolver::resolve_special_call_or_null(const LinkInfo& link_info) {
1588   EXCEPTION_MARK;
1589   CallInfo info;
1590   resolve_special_call(info, Handle(), link_info, THREAD);
1591   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1592     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1593     return NULL;
1594   }
1595   return info.selected_method();
1596 }
1597 
1598 
1599 
1600 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1601 // ConstantPool entries
1602 
1603 void LinkResolver::resolve_invoke(CallInfo& result, Handle recv, const constantPoolHandle& pool, int index, Bytecodes::Code byte, TRAPS) {
1604   switch (byte) {
1605     case Bytecodes::_invokestatic   : resolve_invokestatic   (result,       pool, index, CHECK); break;
1606     case Bytecodes::_invokespecial  : resolve_invokespecial  (result, recv, pool, index, CHECK); break;
1607     case Bytecodes::_invokevirtual  : resolve_invokevirtual  (result, recv, pool, index, CHECK); break;
1608     case Bytecodes::_invokehandle   : resolve_invokehandle   (result,       pool, index, CHECK); break;
1609     case Bytecodes::_invokedynamic  : resolve_invokedynamic  (result,       pool, index, CHECK); break;
1610     case Bytecodes::_invokeinterface: resolve_invokeinterface(result, recv, pool, index, CHECK); break;
1611     default                         :                                                            break;
1612   }
1613   return;
1614 }
1615 
1616 void LinkResolver::resolve_invoke(CallInfo& result, Handle& recv,
1617                              const methodHandle& attached_method,
1618                              Bytecodes::Code byte, TRAPS) {
1619   Klass* defc = attached_method->method_holder();
1620   Symbol* name = attached_method->name();
1621   Symbol* type = attached_method->signature();
1622   LinkInfo link_info(defc, name, type);
1623   switch(byte) {
1624     case Bytecodes::_invokevirtual:
1625       resolve_virtual_call(result, recv, recv->klass(), link_info,
1626                            /*check_null_and_abstract=*/true, CHECK);
1627       break;
1628     case Bytecodes::_invokeinterface:
1629       resolve_interface_call(result, recv, recv->klass(), link_info,
1630                              /*check_null_and_abstract=*/true, CHECK);
1631       break;
1632     case Bytecodes::_invokestatic:
1633       resolve_static_call(result, link_info, /*initialize_class=*/false, CHECK);
1634       break;
1635     case Bytecodes::_invokespecial:
1636       resolve_special_call(result, recv, link_info, CHECK);
1637       break;
1638     default:
1639       fatal("bad call: %s", Bytecodes::name(byte));
1640       break;
1641   }
1642 }
1643 
1644 void LinkResolver::resolve_invokestatic(CallInfo& result, const constantPoolHandle& pool, int index, TRAPS) {
1645   LinkInfo link_info(pool, index, CHECK);
1646   resolve_static_call(result, link_info, /*initialize_class*/true, CHECK);
1647 }
1648 
1649 
1650 void LinkResolver::resolve_invokespecial(CallInfo& result, Handle recv,
1651                                          const constantPoolHandle& pool, int index, TRAPS) {
1652   LinkInfo link_info(pool, index, CHECK);
1653   resolve_special_call(result, recv, link_info, CHECK);
1654 }
1655 
1656 
1657 void LinkResolver::resolve_invokevirtual(CallInfo& result, Handle recv,
1658                                           const constantPoolHandle& pool, int index,
1659                                           TRAPS) {
1660 
1661   LinkInfo link_info(pool, index, CHECK);
1662   Klass* recvrKlass = recv.is_null() ? (Klass*)NULL : recv->klass();
1663   resolve_virtual_call(result, recv, recvrKlass, link_info, /*check_null_or_abstract*/true, CHECK);
1664 }
1665 
1666 
1667 void LinkResolver::resolve_invokeinterface(CallInfo& result, Handle recv, const constantPoolHandle& pool, int index, TRAPS) {
1668   LinkInfo link_info(pool, index, CHECK);
1669   Klass* recvrKlass = recv.is_null() ? (Klass*)NULL : recv->klass();
1670   resolve_interface_call(result, recv, recvrKlass, link_info, true, CHECK);
1671 }
1672 
1673 
1674 void LinkResolver::resolve_invokehandle(CallInfo& result, const constantPoolHandle& pool, int index, TRAPS) {
1675   // This guy is reached from InterpreterRuntime::resolve_invokehandle.
1676   LinkInfo link_info(pool, index, CHECK);
1677   if (TraceMethodHandles) {
1678     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1679     tty->print_cr("resolve_invokehandle %s %s", link_info.name()->as_C_string(),
1680                   link_info.signature()->as_C_string());
1681   }
1682   resolve_handle_call(result, link_info, CHECK);
1683 }
1684 
1685 void LinkResolver::resolve_handle_call(CallInfo& result,
1686                                        const LinkInfo& link_info,
1687                                        TRAPS) {
1688   // JSR 292:  this must be an implicitly generated method MethodHandle.invokeExact(*...) or similar
1689   Klass* resolved_klass = link_info.resolved_klass();
1690   assert(resolved_klass == SystemDictionary::MethodHandle_klass() ||
1691          resolved_klass == SystemDictionary::VarHandle_klass(), "");
1692   assert(MethodHandles::is_signature_polymorphic_name(link_info.name()), "");
1693   Handle       resolved_appendix;
1694   Method* resolved_method = lookup_polymorphic_method(link_info, &resolved_appendix, CHECK);
1695   result.set_handle(resolved_klass, methodHandle(THREAD, resolved_method), resolved_appendix, CHECK);
1696 }
1697 
1698 void LinkResolver::resolve_invokedynamic(CallInfo& result, const constantPoolHandle& pool, int indy_index, TRAPS) {
1699   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* cpce = pool->invokedynamic_cp_cache_entry_at(indy_index);
1700   int pool_index = cpce->constant_pool_index();
1701 
1702   // Resolve the bootstrap specifier (BSM + optional arguments).
1703   BootstrapInfo bootstrap_specifier(pool, pool_index, indy_index);
1704 
1705   // Check if CallSite has been bound already or failed already, and short circuit:
1706   {
1707     bool is_done = bootstrap_specifier.resolve_previously_linked_invokedynamic(result, CHECK);
1708     if (is_done) return;
1709   }
1710 
1711   // The initial step in Call Site Specifier Resolution is to resolve the symbolic
1712   // reference to a method handle which will be the bootstrap method for a dynamic
1713   // call site.  If resolution for the java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle for the bootstrap
1714   // method fails, then a MethodHandleInError is stored at the corresponding bootstrap
1715   // method's CP index for the CONSTANT_MethodHandle_info.  So, there is no need to
1716   // set the indy_rf flag since any subsequent invokedynamic instruction which shares
1717   // this bootstrap method will encounter the resolution of MethodHandleInError.
1718 
1719   resolve_dynamic_call(result, bootstrap_specifier, CHECK);
1720 
1721   if (TraceMethodHandles) {
1722     bootstrap_specifier.print_msg_on(tty, "resolve_invokedynamic");
1723   }
1724 
1725   // The returned linkage result is provisional up to the moment
1726   // the interpreter or runtime performs a serialized check of
1727   // the relevant CPCE::f1 field.  This is done by the caller
1728   // of this method, via CPCE::set_dynamic_call, which uses
1729   // an ObjectLocker to do the final serialization of updates
1730   // to CPCE state, including f1.
1731 }
1732 
1733 void LinkResolver::resolve_dynamic_call(CallInfo& result,
1734                                         BootstrapInfo& bootstrap_specifier,
1735                                         TRAPS) {
1736   // JSR 292:  this must resolve to an implicitly generated method
1737   // such as MH.linkToCallSite(*...) or some other call-site shape.
1738   // The appendix argument is likely to be a freshly-created CallSite.
1739   // It may also be a MethodHandle from an unwrapped ConstantCallSite,
1740   // or any other reference.  The resolved_method as well as the appendix
1741   // are both recorded together via CallInfo::set_handle.
1742   SystemDictionary::invoke_bootstrap_method(bootstrap_specifier, THREAD);
1743   Exceptions::wrap_dynamic_exception(THREAD);
1744 
1745   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1746     if (!PENDING_EXCEPTION->is_a(SystemDictionary::LinkageError_klass())) {
1747       // Let any random low-level IE or SOE or OOME just bleed through.
1748       // Basically we pretend that the bootstrap method was never called,
1749       // if it fails this way:  We neither record a successful linkage,
1750       // nor do we memorize a LE for posterity.
1751       return;
1752     }
1753     // JVMS 5.4.3 says: If an attempt by the Java Virtual Machine to resolve
1754     // a symbolic reference fails because an error is thrown that is an
1755     // instance of LinkageError (or a subclass), then subsequent attempts to
1756     // resolve the reference always fail with the same error that was thrown
1757     // as a result of the initial resolution attempt.
1758      bool recorded_res_status = bootstrap_specifier.save_and_throw_indy_exc(CHECK);
1759      if (!recorded_res_status) {
1760        // Another thread got here just before we did.  So, either use the method
1761        // that it resolved or throw the LinkageError exception that it threw.
1762        bool is_done = bootstrap_specifier.resolve_previously_linked_invokedynamic(result, CHECK);
1763        if (is_done) return;
1764      }
1765      assert(bootstrap_specifier.invokedynamic_cp_cache_entry()->indy_resolution_failed(),
1766             "Resolution failure flag wasn't set");
1767   }
1768 
1769   bootstrap_specifier.resolve_newly_linked_invokedynamic(result, CHECK);
1770   // Exceptions::wrap_dynamic_exception not used because
1771   // set_handle doesn't throw linkage errors
1772 }
1773 
1774 // Selected method is abstract.
1775 void LinkResolver::throw_abstract_method_error(const methodHandle& resolved_method,
1776                                                const methodHandle& selected_method,
1777                                                Klass *recv_klass, TRAPS) {
1778   Klass *resolved_klass = resolved_method->method_holder();
1779   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1780   stringStream ss;
1781 
1782   if (recv_klass != NULL) {
1783     ss.print("Receiver class %s does not define or inherit an "
1784              "implementation of the",
1785              recv_klass->external_name());
1786   } else {
1787     ss.print("Missing implementation of");
1788   }
1789 
1790   assert(resolved_method.not_null(), "Sanity");
1791   ss.print(" resolved method '%s%s",
1792            resolved_method->is_abstract() ? "abstract " : "",
1793            resolved_method->is_private()  ? "private "  : "");
1794   resolved_method->signature()->print_as_signature_external_return_type(&ss);
1795   ss.print(" %s(", resolved_method->name()->as_C_string());
1796   resolved_method->signature()->print_as_signature_external_parameters(&ss);
1797   ss.print(")' of %s %s.",
1798            resolved_klass->external_kind(),
1799            resolved_klass->external_name());
1800 
1801   if (selected_method.not_null() && !(resolved_method == selected_method)) {
1802     ss.print(" Selected method is '%s%s",
1803              selected_method->is_abstract() ? "abstract " : "",
1804              selected_method->is_private()  ? "private "  : "");
1805     selected_method->print_external_name(&ss);
1806     ss.print("'.");
1807   }
1808 
1809   THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_AbstractMethodError(), ss.as_string());
1810 }