1 /*
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   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * The Universal Permissive License (UPL), Version 1.0
   6  *
   7  * Subject to the condition set forth below, permission is hereby granted to
   8  * any person obtaining a copy of this software, associated documentation
   9  * and/or data (collectively the "Software"), free of charge and under any
  10  * and all copyright rights in the Software, and any and all patent rights
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  14  *
  15  * (a) the Software, and
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  17  * (b) any piece of software and/or hardware listed in the lrgrwrks.txt file
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  34  * OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
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  45  */
  46 
  47 /* hsdis.c -- dump a range of addresses as native instructions
  48    This implements the plugin protocol required by the
  49    HotSpot PrintAssembly option.
  50 */
  51 
  52 #include <config.h> /* required by bfd.h */
  53 #include <errno.h>
  54 #include <inttypes.h>
  55 #include <string.h>
  56 
  57 #include <libiberty.h>
  58 #include <bfd.h>
  59 #include <bfdver.h>
  60 #include <dis-asm.h>
  61 
  62 #include "hsdis.h"
  63 
  64 #ifndef bool
  65 #define bool int
  66 #define true 1
  67 #define false 0
  68 #endif /*bool*/
  69 
  70 /* short names for stuff in hsdis.h */
  71 typedef decode_instructions_event_callback_ftype  event_callback_t;
  72 typedef decode_instructions_printf_callback_ftype printf_callback_t;
  73 
  74 /* disassemble_info.application_data object */
  75 struct hsdis_app_data {
  76   /* virtual address of data */
  77   uintptr_t start_va, end_va;
  78   /* the instructions to be decoded */
  79   unsigned char* buffer;
  80   uintptr_t length;
  81   event_callback_t  event_callback;  void* event_stream;
  82   printf_callback_t printf_callback; void* printf_stream;
  83   bool losing;
  84   bool do_newline;
  85 
  86   /* the architecture being disassembled */
  87   const char* arch_name;
  88   const bfd_arch_info_type* arch_info;
  89 
  90   /* the disassembler we are going to use: */
  91   disassembler_ftype      dfn;
  92   struct disassemble_info dinfo; /* the actual struct! */
  93 
  94   char mach_option[64];
  95   char insn_options[256];
  96 };
  97 
  98 static void* decode(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data, const char* options);
  99 
 100 #define DECL_APP_DATA(dinfo) \
 101   struct hsdis_app_data* app_data = (struct hsdis_app_data*) (dinfo)->application_data
 102 
 103 #define DECL_EVENT_CALLBACK(app_data) \
 104   event_callback_t  event_callback = (app_data)->event_callback; \
 105   void*             event_stream   = (app_data)->event_stream
 106 
 107 #define DECL_PRINTF_CALLBACK(app_data) \
 108   printf_callback_t  printf_callback = (app_data)->printf_callback; \
 109   void*              printf_stream   = (app_data)->printf_stream
 110 
 111 
 112 static void print_help(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data,
 113                        const char* msg, const char* arg);
 114 static void setup_app_data(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data,
 115                            const char* options);
 116 static const char* format_insn_close(const char* close,
 117                                      disassemble_info* dinfo,
 118                                      char* buf, size_t bufsize);
 119 
 120 void*
 121 #ifdef DLL_ENTRY
 122   DLL_ENTRY
 123 #endif
 124 decode_instructions_virtual(uintptr_t start_va, uintptr_t end_va,
 125                             unsigned char* buffer, uintptr_t length,
 126                             event_callback_t  event_callback_arg,  void* event_stream_arg,
 127                             printf_callback_t printf_callback_arg, void* printf_stream_arg,
 128                             const char* options, int newline) {
 129   struct hsdis_app_data app_data;
 130   memset(&app_data, 0, sizeof(app_data));
 131   app_data.start_va    = start_va;
 132   app_data.end_va      = end_va;
 133   app_data.buffer = buffer;
 134   app_data.length = length;
 135   app_data.event_callback  = event_callback_arg;
 136   app_data.event_stream    = event_stream_arg;
 137   app_data.printf_callback = printf_callback_arg;
 138   app_data.printf_stream   = printf_stream_arg;
 139   app_data.do_newline = newline == 0 ? false : true;
 140 
 141   return decode(&app_data, options);
 142 }
 143 
 144 /* This is the compatability interface for older version of hotspot */
 145 void*
 146 #ifdef DLL_ENTRY
 147   DLL_ENTRY
 148 #endif
 149 decode_instructions(void* start_pv, void* end_pv,
 150                     event_callback_t  event_callback_arg,  void* event_stream_arg,
 151                     printf_callback_t printf_callback_arg, void* printf_stream_arg,
 152                     const char* options) {
 153   return decode_instructions_virtual((uintptr_t)start_pv,
 154                                      (uintptr_t)end_pv,
 155                                      (unsigned char*)start_pv,
 156                                      (uintptr_t)end_pv - (uintptr_t)start_pv,
 157                                      event_callback_arg,
 158                                      event_stream_arg,
 159                                      printf_callback_arg,
 160                                      printf_stream_arg,
 161                                      options, false);
 162 }
 163 
 164 static void* decode(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data, const char* options) {
 165   setup_app_data(app_data, options);
 166   char buf[128];
 167 
 168   {
 169     /* now reload everything from app_data: */
 170     DECL_EVENT_CALLBACK(app_data);
 171     DECL_PRINTF_CALLBACK(app_data);
 172     uintptr_t start = app_data->start_va;
 173     uintptr_t end   = app_data->end_va;
 174     uintptr_t p     = start;
 175 
 176     (*event_callback)(event_stream, "insns", (void*)start);
 177 
 178     (*event_callback)(event_stream, "mach name='%s'",
 179                       (void*) app_data->arch_info->printable_name);
 180     if (app_data->dinfo.bytes_per_line != 0) {
 181       (*event_callback)(event_stream, "format bytes-per-line='%p'/",
 182                         (void*)(intptr_t) app_data->dinfo.bytes_per_line);
 183     }
 184 
 185     while (p < end && !app_data->losing) {
 186       (*event_callback)(event_stream, "insn", (void*) p);
 187 
 188       /* reset certain state, so we can read it with confidence */
 189       app_data->dinfo.insn_info_valid    = 0;
 190       app_data->dinfo.branch_delay_insns = 0;
 191       app_data->dinfo.data_size          = 0;
 192       app_data->dinfo.insn_type          = 0;
 193 
 194       int size = (*app_data->dfn)((bfd_vma) p, &app_data->dinfo);
 195 
 196       if (size > 0)  p += size;
 197       else           app_data->losing = true;
 198 
 199       if (!app_data->losing) {
 200         const char* insn_close = format_insn_close("/insn", &app_data->dinfo,
 201                                                    buf, sizeof(buf));
 202         (*event_callback)(event_stream, insn_close, (void*) p);
 203 
 204         if (app_data->do_newline) {
 205           /* follow each complete insn by a nice newline */
 206           (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "\n");
 207         }
 208       }
 209     }
 210 
 211     if (app_data->losing) (*event_callback)(event_stream, "/insns", (void*) p);
 212     return (void*) p;
 213   }
 214 }
 215 
 216 /* take the address of the function, for luck, and also test the typedef: */
 217 const decode_func_vtype decode_func_virtual_address = &decode_instructions_virtual;
 218 const decode_func_stype decode_func_address = &decode_instructions;
 219 
 220 static const char* format_insn_close(const char* close,
 221                                      disassemble_info* dinfo,
 222                                      char* buf, size_t bufsize) {
 223   if (!dinfo->insn_info_valid)
 224     return close;
 225   enum dis_insn_type itype = dinfo->insn_type;
 226   int dsize = dinfo->data_size, delays = dinfo->branch_delay_insns;
 227   if ((itype == dis_nonbranch && (dsize | delays) == 0)
 228       || (strlen(close) + 3*20 > bufsize))
 229     return close;
 230 
 231   const char* type = "unknown";
 232   switch (itype) {
 233   case dis_nonbranch:   type = NULL;         break;
 234   case dis_branch:      type = "branch";     break;
 235   case dis_condbranch:  type = "condbranch"; break;
 236   case dis_jsr:         type = "jsr";        break;
 237   case dis_condjsr:     type = "condjsr";    break;
 238   case dis_dref:        type = "dref";       break;
 239   case dis_dref2:       type = "dref2";      break;
 240   case dis_noninsn:     type = "noninsn";    break;
 241   }
 242 
 243   strcpy(buf, close);
 244   char* p = buf;
 245   if (type)    sprintf(p += strlen(p), " type='%s'", type);
 246   if (dsize)   sprintf(p += strlen(p), " dsize='%d'", dsize);
 247   if (delays)  sprintf(p += strlen(p), " delay='%d'", delays);
 248   return buf;
 249 }
 250 
 251 /* handler functions */
 252 
 253 static int
 254 hsdis_read_memory_func(bfd_vma memaddr,
 255                        bfd_byte* myaddr,
 256                        unsigned int length,
 257                        struct disassemble_info* dinfo) {
 258   DECL_APP_DATA(dinfo);
 259   /* convert the virtual address memaddr into an address within memory buffer */
 260   uintptr_t offset = ((uintptr_t) memaddr) - app_data->start_va;
 261   if (offset + length > app_data->length) {
 262     /* read is out of bounds */
 263     return EIO;
 264   } else {
 265     memcpy(myaddr, (bfd_byte*) (app_data->buffer + offset), length);
 266     return 0;
 267   }
 268 }
 269 
 270 static void
 271 hsdis_print_address_func(bfd_vma vma, struct disassemble_info* dinfo) {
 272   /* the actual value to print: */
 273   void* addr_value = (void*) (uintptr_t) vma;
 274   DECL_APP_DATA(dinfo);
 275   DECL_EVENT_CALLBACK(app_data);
 276 
 277   /* issue the event: */
 278   void* result =
 279     (*event_callback)(event_stream, "addr/", addr_value);
 280   if (result == NULL) {
 281     /* event declined */
 282     generic_print_address(vma, dinfo);
 283   }
 284 }
 285 
 286 
 287 /* configuration */
 288 
 289 static void set_optional_callbacks(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data);
 290 static void parse_caller_options(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data,
 291                                  const char* caller_options);
 292 static const char* native_arch_name();
 293 static enum bfd_endian native_endian();
 294 static const bfd_arch_info_type* find_arch_info(const char* arch_nane);
 295 static bfd* get_native_bfd(const bfd_arch_info_type* arch_info,
 296                            /* to avoid malloc: */
 297                            bfd* empty_bfd, bfd_target* empty_xvec);
 298 static void init_disassemble_info_from_bfd(struct disassemble_info* dinfo,
 299                                            void *stream,
 300                                            fprintf_ftype fprintf_func,
 301                                            bfd* bfd,
 302                                            char* disassembler_options);
 303 static void parse_fake_insn(disassembler_ftype dfn,
 304                             struct disassemble_info* dinfo);
 305 
 306 static void setup_app_data(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data,
 307                            const char* caller_options) {
 308   /* Make reasonable defaults for null callbacks.
 309      A non-null stream for a null callback is assumed to be a FILE* for output.
 310      Events are rendered as XML.
 311   */
 312   set_optional_callbacks(app_data);
 313 
 314   /* Look into caller_options for anything interesting. */
 315   if (caller_options != NULL)
 316     parse_caller_options(app_data, caller_options);
 317 
 318   /* Discover which architecture we are going to disassemble. */
 319   app_data->arch_name = &app_data->mach_option[0];
 320   if (app_data->arch_name[0] == '\0')
 321     app_data->arch_name = native_arch_name();
 322   app_data->arch_info = find_arch_info(app_data->arch_name);
 323 
 324   /* Make a fake bfd to hold the arch. and byteorder info. */
 325   struct {
 326     bfd_target empty_xvec;
 327     bfd        empty_bfd;
 328   } buf;
 329   bfd* native_bfd = get_native_bfd(app_data->arch_info,
 330                                    /* to avoid malloc: */
 331                                    &buf.empty_bfd, &buf.empty_xvec);
 332   init_disassemble_info_from_bfd(&app_data->dinfo,
 333                                  app_data->printf_stream,
 334                                  app_data->printf_callback,
 335                                  native_bfd,
 336                                  /* On PowerPC we get warnings, if we pass empty options */
 337                                  (caller_options == NULL) ? NULL : app_data->insn_options);
 338 
 339   /* Finish linking together the various callback blocks. */
 340   app_data->dinfo.application_data = (void*) app_data;
 341   app_data->dfn = disassembler(bfd_get_arch(native_bfd),
 342                                bfd_big_endian(native_bfd),
 343                                bfd_get_mach(native_bfd),
 344                                native_bfd);
 345   app_data->dinfo.print_address_func = hsdis_print_address_func;
 346   app_data->dinfo.read_memory_func = hsdis_read_memory_func;
 347 
 348   if (app_data->dfn == NULL) {
 349     const char* bad = app_data->arch_name;
 350     static bool complained;
 351     if (bad == &app_data->mach_option[0])
 352       print_help(app_data, "bad mach=%s", bad);
 353     else if (!complained)
 354       print_help(app_data, "bad native mach=%s; please port hsdis to this platform", bad);
 355     complained = true;
 356     /* must bail out */
 357     app_data->losing = true;
 358     return;
 359   }
 360 
 361   parse_fake_insn(app_data->dfn, &app_data->dinfo);
 362 }
 363 
 364 
 365 /* ignore all events, return a null */
 366 static void* null_event_callback(void* ignore_stream, const char* ignore_event, void* arg) {
 367   return NULL;
 368 }
 369 
 370 /* print all events as XML markup */
 371 static void* xml_event_callback(void* stream, const char* event, void* arg) {
 372   FILE* fp = (FILE*) stream;
 373 #define NS_PFX "dis:"
 374   if (event[0] != '/') {
 375     /* issue the tag, with or without a formatted argument */
 376     fprintf(fp, "<"NS_PFX);
 377     fprintf(fp, event, arg);
 378     fprintf(fp, ">");
 379   } else {
 380     ++event;                    /* skip slash */
 381     const char* argp = strchr(event, ' ');
 382     if (argp == NULL) {
 383       /* no arguments; just issue the closing tag */
 384       fprintf(fp, "</"NS_PFX"%s>", event);
 385     } else {
 386       /* split out the closing attributes as <dis:foo_done attr='val'/> */
 387       int event_prefix = (argp - event);
 388       fprintf(fp, "<"NS_PFX"%.*s_done", event_prefix, event);
 389       fprintf(fp, argp, arg);
 390       fprintf(fp, "/></"NS_PFX"%.*s>", event_prefix, event);
 391     }
 392   }
 393   return NULL;
 394 }
 395 
 396 static void set_optional_callbacks(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data) {
 397   if (app_data->printf_callback == NULL) {
 398     int (*fprintf_callback)(FILE*, const char*, ...) = &fprintf;
 399     FILE* fprintf_stream = stdout;
 400     app_data->printf_callback = (printf_callback_t) fprintf_callback;
 401     if (app_data->printf_stream == NULL)
 402       app_data->printf_stream   = (void*)           fprintf_stream;
 403   }
 404   if (app_data->event_callback == NULL) {
 405     if (app_data->event_stream == NULL)
 406       app_data->event_callback = &null_event_callback;
 407     else
 408       app_data->event_callback = &xml_event_callback;
 409   }
 410 
 411 }
 412 
 413 static void parse_caller_options(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data, const char* caller_options) {
 414   char* iop_base = app_data->insn_options;
 415   char* iop_limit = iop_base + sizeof(app_data->insn_options) - 1;
 416   char* iop = iop_base;
 417   const char* p;
 418   for (p = caller_options; p != NULL; ) {
 419     const char* q = strchr(p, ',');
 420     size_t plen = (q == NULL) ? strlen(p) : ((q++) - p);
 421     if (plen == 4 && strncmp(p, "help", plen) == 0) {
 422       print_help(app_data, NULL, NULL);
 423     } else if (plen >= 5 && strncmp(p, "mach=", 5) == 0) {
 424       char*  mach_option = app_data->mach_option;
 425       size_t mach_size   = sizeof(app_data->mach_option);
 426       mach_size -= 1;           /*leave room for the null*/
 427       if (plen > mach_size)  plen = mach_size;
 428       strncpy(mach_option, p, plen);
 429       mach_option[plen] = '\0';
 430     } else if (plen > 6 && strncmp(p, "hsdis-", 6) == 0) {
 431       // do not pass these to the next level
 432     } else {
 433       /* just copy it; {i386,sparc}-dis.c might like to see it  */
 434       if (iop > iop_base && iop < iop_limit)  (*iop++) = ',';
 435       if (iop + plen > iop_limit)
 436         plen = iop_limit - iop;
 437       strncpy(iop, p, plen);
 438       iop += plen;
 439     }
 440     p = q;
 441   }
 442   *iop = '\0';
 443 }
 444 
 445 static void print_help(struct hsdis_app_data* app_data,
 446                        const char* msg, const char* arg) {
 447   DECL_PRINTF_CALLBACK(app_data);
 448   if (msg != NULL) {
 449     (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "hsdis: ");
 450     (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, msg, arg);
 451     (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "\n");
 452   }
 453   (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "hsdis output options:\n");
 454   if (printf_callback == (printf_callback_t) &fprintf)
 455     disassembler_usage((FILE*) printf_stream);
 456   else
 457     disassembler_usage(stderr); /* better than nothing */
 458   (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "  mach=<arch>   select disassembly mode\n");
 459 #if defined(LIBARCH_i386) || defined(LIBARCH_amd64)
 460   (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "  mach=i386     select 32-bit mode\n");
 461   (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "  mach=x86-64   select 64-bit mode\n");
 462   (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "  suffix        always print instruction suffix\n");
 463 #endif
 464   (*printf_callback)(printf_stream, "  help          print this message\n");
 465 }
 466 
 467 
 468 /* low-level bfd and arch stuff that binutils doesn't do for us */
 469 
 470 static const bfd_arch_info_type* find_arch_info(const char* arch_name) {
 471   const bfd_arch_info_type* arch_info = bfd_scan_arch(arch_name);
 472   if (arch_info == NULL) {
 473     extern const bfd_arch_info_type bfd_default_arch_struct;
 474     arch_info = &bfd_default_arch_struct;
 475   }
 476   return arch_info;
 477 }
 478 
 479 static const char* native_arch_name() {
 480   const char* res = NULL;
 481 #ifdef LIBARCH_i386
 482   res = "i386";
 483 #endif
 484 #ifdef LIBARCH_amd64
 485   res = "i386:x86-64";
 486 #endif
 487 #if  defined(LIBARCH_ppc64) || defined(LIBARCH_ppc64le)
 488   res = "powerpc:common64";
 489 #endif
 490 #ifdef LIBARCH_arm
 491   res = "arm";
 492 #endif
 493 #ifdef LIBARCH_aarch64
 494   res = "aarch64";
 495 #endif
 496 #ifdef LIBARCH_s390x
 497   res = "s390:64-bit";
 498 #endif
 499   if (res == NULL)
 500     res = "architecture not set in Makefile!";
 501   return res;
 502 }
 503 
 504 static enum bfd_endian native_endian() {
 505   int32_t endian_test = 'x';
 506   if (*(const char*) &endian_test == 'x')
 507     return BFD_ENDIAN_LITTLE;
 508   else
 509     return BFD_ENDIAN_BIG;
 510 }
 511 
 512 static bfd* get_native_bfd(const bfd_arch_info_type* arch_info,
 513                            bfd* empty_bfd, bfd_target* empty_xvec) {
 514   memset(empty_bfd,  0, sizeof(*empty_bfd));
 515   memset(empty_xvec, 0, sizeof(*empty_xvec));
 516   empty_xvec->flavour = bfd_target_unknown_flavour;
 517   empty_xvec->byteorder = native_endian();
 518   empty_bfd->xvec = empty_xvec;
 519   empty_bfd->arch_info = arch_info;
 520   return empty_bfd;
 521 }
 522 
 523 static int read_zero_data_only(bfd_vma ignore_p,
 524                                bfd_byte* myaddr, unsigned int length,
 525                                struct disassemble_info *ignore_info) {
 526   memset(myaddr, 0, length);
 527   return 0;
 528 }
 529 static int print_to_dev_null(void* ignore_stream, const char* ignore_format, ...) {
 530   return 0;
 531 }
 532 
 533 /* Prime the pump by running the selected disassembler on a null input.
 534    This forces the machine-specific disassembler to divulge invariant
 535    information like bytes_per_line.
 536  */
 537 static void parse_fake_insn(disassembler_ftype dfn,
 538                             struct disassemble_info* dinfo) {
 539   typedef int (*read_memory_ftype)
 540     (bfd_vma memaddr, bfd_byte *myaddr, unsigned int length,
 541      struct disassemble_info *info);
 542   read_memory_ftype read_memory_func = dinfo->read_memory_func;
 543   fprintf_ftype     fprintf_func     = dinfo->fprintf_func;
 544 
 545   dinfo->read_memory_func = &read_zero_data_only;
 546   dinfo->fprintf_func     = &print_to_dev_null;
 547   (*dfn)(0, dinfo);
 548 
 549   /* put it back */
 550   dinfo->read_memory_func = read_memory_func;
 551   dinfo->fprintf_func     = fprintf_func;
 552 }
 553 
 554 static void init_disassemble_info_from_bfd(struct disassemble_info* dinfo,
 555                                            void *stream,
 556                                            fprintf_ftype fprintf_func,
 557                                            bfd* abfd,
 558                                            char* disassembler_options) {
 559   init_disassemble_info(dinfo, stream, fprintf_func);
 560 
 561   dinfo->flavour = bfd_get_flavour(abfd);
 562   dinfo->arch = bfd_get_arch(abfd);
 563   dinfo->mach = bfd_get_mach(abfd);
 564   dinfo->disassembler_options = disassembler_options;
 565   dinfo->octets_per_byte = bfd_octets_per_byte (abfd);
 566   dinfo->skip_zeroes = sizeof(void*) * 2;
 567   dinfo->skip_zeroes_at_end = sizeof(void*)-1;
 568   dinfo->disassembler_needs_relocs = FALSE;
 569 
 570   if (bfd_big_endian(abfd))
 571     dinfo->display_endian = dinfo->endian = BFD_ENDIAN_BIG;
 572   else if (bfd_little_endian(abfd))
 573     dinfo->display_endian = dinfo->endian = BFD_ENDIAN_LITTLE;
 574   else
 575     dinfo->endian = native_endian();
 576 
 577   disassemble_init_for_target(dinfo);
 578 }