1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "jvm.h"
  27 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/javaAssertions.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  32 #include "gc/shared/gcArguments.hpp"
  33 #include "gc/shared/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
  34 #include "gc/shared/referenceProcessor.hpp"
  35 #include "gc/shared/taskqueue.hpp"
  36 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  37 #include "logging/logConfiguration.hpp"
  38 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  39 #include "logging/logTag.hpp"
  40 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  41 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
  42 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  43 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  44 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  45 #include "runtime/arguments_ext.hpp"
  46 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagConstraintList.hpp"
  47 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagWriteableList.hpp"
  48 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagRangeList.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  51 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
  53 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
  54 #include "services/management.hpp"
  55 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"
  56 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
  57 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  58 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  59 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
  60 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
  61 #include "jvmci/jvmciRuntime.hpp"
  62 #endif
  63 
  64 // Note: This is a special bug reporting site for the JVM
  65 #define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG "http://bugreport.java.com/bugreport/crash.jsp"
  66 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER  "generic"
  67 
  68 char*  Arguments::_jvm_flags_file               = NULL;
  69 char** Arguments::_jvm_flags_array              = NULL;
  70 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_flags                = 0;
  71 char** Arguments::_jvm_args_array               = NULL;
  72 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_args                 = 0;
  73 char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = NULL;
  74 SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = NULL;
  75 const char*  Arguments::_gc_log_filename        = NULL;
  76 size_t Arguments::_conservative_max_heap_alignment = 0;
  77 size_t Arguments::_min_heap_size                = 0;
  78 Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
  79 bool   Arguments::_java_compiler                = false;
  80 bool   Arguments::_xdebug_mode                  = false;
  81 const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG;
  82 const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
  83 int    Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_pid        = -1;
  84 bool   Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm  = false;
  85 
  86 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args()
  87 bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
  88 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
  89 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
  90 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
  91 intx   Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog     = Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
  92 intx   Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold     = Tier4InvocationThreshold;
  93 
  94 char*  Arguments::SharedArchivePath             = NULL;
  95 
  96 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_libraryList;
  97 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_agentList;
  98 
  99 abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = NULL;
 100 exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = NULL;
 101 vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = NULL;
 102 
 103 
 104 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = NULL;
 105 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = NULL;
 106 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = NULL;
 107 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = NULL;
 108 SystemProperty *Arguments::_jdk_boot_class_path_append = NULL;
 109 
 110 GrowableArray<ModulePatchPath*> *Arguments::_patch_mod_prefix = NULL;
 111 PathString *Arguments::_system_boot_class_path = NULL;
 112 bool Arguments::_has_jimage = false;
 113 
 114 char* Arguments::_ext_dirs = NULL;
 115 
 116 // Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' to the remaining
 117 // part of the option string.
 118 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
 119                          const char** tail) {
 120   size_t len = strlen(name);
 121   if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
 122     *tail = option->optionString + len;
 123     return true;
 124   } else {
 125     return false;
 126   }
 127 }
 128 
 129 // Check if 'option' matches 'name'. No "tail" is allowed.
 130 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name) {
 131   const char* tail = NULL;
 132   bool result = match_option(option, name, &tail);
 133   if (tail != NULL && *tail == '\0') {
 134     return result;
 135   } else {
 136     return false;
 137   }
 138 }
 139 
 140 // Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
 141 // If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
 142 // the option must match exactly.
 143 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
 144   bool tail_allowed) {
 145   for (/* empty */; *names != NULL; ++names) {
 146   if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
 147       if (**tail == '\0' || (tail_allowed && **tail == ':')) {
 148         return true;
 149       }
 150     }
 151   }
 152   return false;
 153 }
 154 
 155 static void logOption(const char* opt) {
 156   if (PrintVMOptions) {
 157     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
 158   }
 159 }
 160 
 161 bool needs_module_property_warning = false;
 162 
 163 #define MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX "jdk.module."
 164 #define MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN 11
 165 #define ADDEXPORTS "addexports"
 166 #define ADDEXPORTS_LEN 10
 167 #define ADDREADS "addreads"
 168 #define ADDREADS_LEN 8
 169 #define ADDOPENS "addopens"
 170 #define ADDOPENS_LEN 8
 171 #define PATCH "patch"
 172 #define PATCH_LEN 5
 173 #define ADDMODS "addmods"
 174 #define ADDMODS_LEN 7
 175 #define LIMITMODS "limitmods"
 176 #define LIMITMODS_LEN 9
 177 #define PATH "path"
 178 #define PATH_LEN 4
 179 #define UPGRADE_PATH "upgrade.path"
 180 #define UPGRADE_PATH_LEN 12
 181 
 182 // Return TRUE if option matches 'property', or 'property=', or 'property.'.
 183 static bool matches_property_suffix(const char* option, const char* property, size_t len) {
 184   return ((strncmp(option, property, len) == 0) &&
 185           (option[len] == '=' || option[len] == '.' || option[len] == '\0'));
 186 }
 187 
 188 // Return true if property starts with "jdk.module." and its ensuing chars match
 189 // any of the reserved module properties.
 190 // property should be passed without the leading "-D".
 191 bool Arguments::is_internal_module_property(const char* property) {
 192   assert((strncmp(property, "-D", 2) != 0), "Unexpected leading -D");
 193   if  (strncmp(property, MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX, MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN) == 0) {
 194     const char* property_suffix = property + MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN;
 195     if (matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDEXPORTS, ADDEXPORTS_LEN) ||
 196         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDREADS, ADDREADS_LEN) ||
 197         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDOPENS, ADDOPENS_LEN) ||
 198         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, PATCH, PATCH_LEN) ||
 199         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDMODS, ADDMODS_LEN) ||
 200         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, LIMITMODS, LIMITMODS_LEN) ||
 201         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, PATH, PATH_LEN) ||
 202         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, UPGRADE_PATH, UPGRADE_PATH_LEN)) {
 203       return true;
 204     }
 205   }
 206   return false;
 207 }
 208 
 209 // Process java launcher properties.
 210 void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
 211   // See if sun.java.launcher, sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm or
 212   // sun.java.launcher.pid is defined.
 213   // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
 214   // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
 215   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
 216     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
 217     const char* tail;
 218 
 219     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
 220       process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
 221       continue;
 222     }
 223     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.is_altjvm=", &tail)) {
 224       if (strcmp(tail, "true") == 0) {
 225         _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm = true;
 226       }
 227       continue;
 228     }
 229     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.pid=", &tail)) {
 230       _sun_java_launcher_pid = atoi(tail);
 231       continue;
 232     }
 233   }
 234 }
 235 
 236 // Initialize system properties key and value.
 237 void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
 238 
 239   // Set up _system_boot_class_path which is not a property but
 240   // relies heavily on argument processing and the jdk.boot.class.path.append
 241   // property. It is used to store the underlying system boot class path.
 242   _system_boot_class_path = new PathString(NULL);
 243 
 244   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
 245                                                            "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
 246   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
 247   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
 248   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(),  true));
 249   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("jdk.debug", VM_Version::jdk_debug_level(),  false));
 250 
 251   // Following are JVMTI agent writable properties.
 252   // Properties values are set to NULL and they are
 253   // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
 254   _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", NULL,  true);
 255   _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", NULL,  true);
 256   _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", NULL,  true);
 257   _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
 258   // jdk.boot.class.path.append is a non-writeable, internal property.
 259   // It can only be set by either:
 260   //    - -Xbootclasspath/a:
 261   //    - AddToBootstrapClassLoaderSearch during JVMTI OnLoad phase
 262   _jdk_boot_class_path_append = new SystemProperty("jdk.boot.class.path.append", "", false, true);
 263 
 264   // Add to System Property list.
 265   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
 266   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
 267   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
 268   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
 269   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _jdk_boot_class_path_append);
 270 
 271   // Set OS specific system properties values
 272   os::init_system_properties_values();
 273 }
 274 
 275 // Update/Initialize System properties after JDK version number is known
 276 void Arguments::init_version_specific_system_properties() {
 277   enum { bufsz = 16 };
 278   char buffer[bufsz];
 279   const char* spec_vendor = "Oracle Corporation";
 280   uint32_t spec_version = JDK_Version::current().major_version();
 281 
 282   jio_snprintf(buffer, bufsz, UINT32_FORMAT, spec_version);
 283 
 284   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 285       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",  spec_vendor, false));
 286   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 287       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", buffer, false));
 288   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 289       new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
 290 }
 291 
 292 /*
 293  *  -XX argument processing:
 294  *
 295  *  -XX arguments are defined in several places, such as:
 296  *      globals.hpp, globals_<cpu>.hpp, globals_<os>.hpp, <compiler>_globals.hpp, or <gc>_globals.hpp.
 297  *  -XX arguments are parsed in parse_argument().
 298  *  -XX argument bounds checking is done in check_vm_args_consistency().
 299  *
 300  * Over time -XX arguments may change. There are mechanisms to handle common cases:
 301  *
 302  *      ALIASED: An option that is simply another name for another option. This is often
 303  *               part of the process of deprecating a flag, but not all aliases need
 304  *               to be deprecated.
 305  *
 306  *               Create an alias for an option by adding the old and new option names to the
 307  *               "aliased_jvm_flags" table. Delete the old variable from globals.hpp (etc).
 308  *
 309  *   DEPRECATED: An option that is supported, but a warning is printed to let the user know that
 310  *               support may be removed in the future. Both regular and aliased options may be
 311  *               deprecated.
 312  *
 313  *               Add a deprecation warning for an option (or alias) by adding an entry in the
 314  *               "special_jvm_flags" table and setting the "deprecated_in" field.
 315  *               Often an option "deprecated" in one major release will
 316  *               be made "obsolete" in the next. In this case the entry should also have its
 317  *               "obsolete_in" field set.
 318  *
 319  *     OBSOLETE: An option that has been removed (and deleted from globals.hpp), but is still accepted
 320  *               on the command line. A warning is printed to let the user know that option might not
 321  *               be accepted in the future.
 322  *
 323  *               Add an obsolete warning for an option by adding an entry in the "special_jvm_flags"
 324  *               table and setting the "obsolete_in" field.
 325  *
 326  *      EXPIRED: A deprecated or obsolete option that has an "accept_until" version less than or equal
 327  *               to the current JDK version. The system will flatly refuse to admit the existence of
 328  *               the flag. This allows a flag to die automatically over JDK releases.
 329  *
 330  *               Note that manual cleanup of expired options should be done at major JDK version upgrades:
 331  *                  - Newly expired options should be removed from the special_jvm_flags and aliased_jvm_flags tables.
 332  *                  - Newly obsolete or expired deprecated options should have their global variable
 333  *                    definitions removed (from globals.hpp, etc) and related implementations removed.
 334  *
 335  * Recommended approach for removing options:
 336  *
 337  * To remove options commonly used by customers (e.g. product, commercial -XX options), use
 338  * the 3-step model adding major release numbers to the deprecate, obsolete and expire columns.
 339  *
 340  * To remove internal options (e.g. diagnostic, experimental, develop options), use
 341  * a 2-step model adding major release numbers to the obsolete and expire columns.
 342  *
 343  * To change the name of an option, use the alias table as well as a 2-step
 344  * model adding major release numbers to the deprecate and expire columns.
 345  * Think twice about aliasing commonly used customer options.
 346  *
 347  * There are times when it is appropriate to leave a future release number as undefined.
 348  *
 349  * Tests:  Aliases should be tested in VMAliasOptions.java.
 350  *         Deprecated options should be tested in VMDeprecatedOptions.java.
 351  */
 352 
 353 // The special_jvm_flags table declares options that are being deprecated and/or obsoleted. The
 354 // "deprecated_in" or "obsolete_in" fields may be set to "undefined", but not both.
 355 // When the JDK version reaches 'deprecated_in' limit, the JVM will process this flag on
 356 // the command-line as usual, but will issue a warning.
 357 // When the JDK version reaches 'obsolete_in' limit, the JVM will continue accepting this flag on
 358 // the command-line, while issuing a warning and ignoring the flag value.
 359 // Once the JDK version reaches 'expired_in' limit, the JVM will flatly refuse to admit the
 360 // existence of the flag.
 361 //
 362 // MANUAL CLEANUP ON JDK VERSION UPDATES:
 363 // This table ensures that the handling of options will update automatically when the JDK
 364 // version is incremented, but the source code needs to be cleanup up manually:
 365 // - As "deprecated" options age into "obsolete" or "expired" options, the associated "globals"
 366 //   variable should be removed, as well as users of the variable.
 367 // - As "deprecated" options age into "obsolete" options, move the entry into the
 368 //   "Obsolete Flags" section of the table.
 369 // - All expired options should be removed from the table.
 370 static SpecialFlag const special_jvm_flags[] = {
 371   // -------------- Deprecated Flags --------------
 372   // --- Non-alias flags - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
 373   { "MaxGCMinorPauseMillis",        JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 374   { "UseConcMarkSweepGC",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 375   { "AssumeMP",                     JDK_Version::jdk(10),JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 376   { "MonitorInUseLists",            JDK_Version::jdk(10),JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 377   { "MaxRAMFraction",               JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 378   { "MinRAMFraction",               JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 379   { "InitialRAMFraction",           JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 380   { "IgnoreUnverifiableClassesDuringDump", JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 381 
 382   // --- Deprecated alias flags (see also aliased_jvm_flags) - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
 383   { "DefaultMaxRAMFraction",        JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 384   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",        JDK_Version::jdk(9),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 385   { "MustCallLoadClassInternal",    JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 386   { "UnsyncloadClass",              JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 387 
 388   // -------------- Obsolete Flags - sorted by expired_in --------------
 389   { "ConvertSleepToYield",           JDK_Version::jdk(9),      JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(11) },
 390   { "ConvertYieldToSleep",           JDK_Version::jdk(9),      JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(11) },
 391   { "MinSleepInterval",              JDK_Version::jdk(9),      JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(11) },
 392   { "PermSize",                      JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::undefined() },
 393   { "MaxPermSize",                   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::undefined() },
 394 
 395 #ifdef TEST_VERIFY_SPECIAL_JVM_FLAGS
 396   { "dep > obs",                    JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 397   { "dep > exp ",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 398   { "obs > exp ",                   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 399   { "not deprecated or obsolete",   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 400   { "dup option",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 401   { "dup option",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 402   { "BytecodeVerificationRemote",   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 403 #endif
 404 
 405   { NULL, JDK_Version(0), JDK_Version(0) }
 406 };
 407 
 408 // Flags that are aliases for other flags.
 409 typedef struct {
 410   const char* alias_name;
 411   const char* real_name;
 412 } AliasedFlag;
 413 
 414 static AliasedFlag const aliased_jvm_flags[] = {
 415   { "DefaultMaxRAMFraction",    "MaxRAMFraction"    },
 416   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",    "CreateCoredumpOnCrash" },
 417   { NULL, NULL}
 418 };
 419 
 420 // NOTE: A compatibility request will be necessary for each alias to be removed.
 421 static AliasedLoggingFlag const aliased_logging_flags[] = {
 422   { "PrintCompressedOopsMode",   LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(gc, heap, coops) },
 423   { "PrintSharedSpaces",         LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(cds) },
 424   { "TraceBiasedLocking",        LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(biasedlocking) },
 425   { "TraceClassLoading",         LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, load) },
 426   { "TraceClassLoadingPreorder", LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(class, preorder) },
 427   { "TraceClassPaths",           LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, path) },
 428   { "TraceClassResolution",      LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(class, resolve) },
 429   { "TraceClassUnloading",       LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, unload) },
 430   { "TraceExceptions",           LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(exceptions) },
 431   { "TraceLoaderConstraints",    LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, loader, constraints) },
 432   { "TraceMonitorInflation",     LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(monitorinflation) },
 433   { "TraceSafepointCleanupTime", LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(safepoint, cleanup) },
 434   { "TraceJVMTIObjectTagging",   LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(jvmti, objecttagging) },
 435   { "TraceRedefineClasses",      LogLevel::Info,  false, LOG_TAGS(redefine, class) },
 436   { NULL,                        LogLevel::Off,   false, LOG_TAGS(_NO_TAG) }
 437 };
 438 
 439 #ifndef PRODUCT
 440 // These options are removed in jdk9. Remove this code for jdk10.
 441 static AliasedFlag const removed_develop_logging_flags[] = {
 442   { "TraceClassInitialization",   "-Xlog:class+init" },
 443   { "TraceClassLoaderData",       "-Xlog:class+loader+data" },
 444   { "TraceDefaultMethods",        "-Xlog:defaultmethods=debug" },
 445   { "TraceItables",               "-Xlog:itables=debug" },
 446   { "TraceMonitorMismatch",       "-Xlog:monitormismatch=info" },
 447   { "TraceSafepoint",             "-Xlog:safepoint=debug" },
 448   { "TraceStartupTime",           "-Xlog:startuptime" },
 449   { "TraceVMOperation",           "-Xlog:vmoperation=debug" },
 450   { "PrintVtables",               "-Xlog:vtables=debug" },
 451   { "VerboseVerification",        "-Xlog:verification" },
 452   { NULL, NULL }
 453 };
 454 #endif //PRODUCT
 455 
 456 // Return true if "v" is less than "other", where "other" may be "undefined".
 457 static bool version_less_than(JDK_Version v, JDK_Version other) {
 458   assert(!v.is_undefined(), "must be defined");
 459   if (!other.is_undefined() && v.compare(other) >= 0) {
 460     return false;
 461   } else {
 462     return true;
 463   }
 464 }
 465 
 466 extern bool lookup_special_flag_ext(const char *flag_name, SpecialFlag& flag);
 467 
 468 static bool lookup_special_flag(const char *flag_name, SpecialFlag& flag) {
 469   // Allow extensions to have priority
 470   if (lookup_special_flag_ext(flag_name, flag)) {
 471     return true;
 472   }
 473 
 474   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 475     if ((strcmp(special_jvm_flags[i].name, flag_name) == 0)) {
 476       flag = special_jvm_flags[i];
 477       return true;
 478     }
 479   }
 480   return false;
 481 }
 482 
 483 bool Arguments::is_obsolete_flag(const char *flag_name, JDK_Version* version) {
 484   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 485   SpecialFlag flag;
 486   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
 487     if (!flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 488       if (version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 489         *version = flag.obsolete_in;
 490         return true;
 491       }
 492     }
 493   }
 494   return false;
 495 }
 496 
 497 int Arguments::is_deprecated_flag(const char *flag_name, JDK_Version* version) {
 498   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 499   SpecialFlag flag;
 500   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
 501     if (!flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined()) {
 502       if (version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in) &&
 503           version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 504         *version = flag.deprecated_in;
 505         return 1;
 506       } else {
 507         return -1;
 508       }
 509     }
 510   }
 511   return 0;
 512 }
 513 
 514 #ifndef PRODUCT
 515 const char* Arguments::removed_develop_logging_flag_name(const char* name){
 516   for (size_t i = 0; removed_develop_logging_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
 517     const AliasedFlag& flag = removed_develop_logging_flags[i];
 518     if (strcmp(flag.alias_name, name) == 0) {
 519       return flag.real_name;
 520     }
 521   }
 522   return NULL;
 523 }
 524 #endif // PRODUCT
 525 
 526 const char* Arguments::real_flag_name(const char *flag_name) {
 527   for (size_t i = 0; aliased_jvm_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
 528     const AliasedFlag& flag_status = aliased_jvm_flags[i];
 529     if (strcmp(flag_status.alias_name, flag_name) == 0) {
 530         return flag_status.real_name;
 531     }
 532   }
 533   return flag_name;
 534 }
 535 
 536 #ifdef ASSERT
 537 static bool lookup_special_flag(const char *flag_name, size_t skip_index) {
 538   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 539     if ((i != skip_index) && (strcmp(special_jvm_flags[i].name, flag_name) == 0)) {
 540       return true;
 541     }
 542   }
 543   return false;
 544 }
 545 
 546 static bool verify_special_jvm_flags() {
 547   bool success = true;
 548   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 549     const SpecialFlag& flag = special_jvm_flags[i];
 550     if (lookup_special_flag(flag.name, i)) {
 551       warning("Duplicate special flag declaration \"%s\"", flag.name);
 552       success = false;
 553     }
 554     if (flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined() &&
 555         flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 556       warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must declare version deprecated and/or obsoleted in.", flag.name);
 557       success = false;
 558     }
 559 
 560     if (!flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined()) {
 561       if (!version_less_than(flag.deprecated_in, flag.obsolete_in)) {
 562         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be deprecated before obsoleted.", flag.name);
 563         success = false;
 564       }
 565 
 566       if (!version_less_than(flag.deprecated_in, flag.expired_in)) {
 567         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be deprecated before expired.", flag.name);
 568         success = false;
 569       }
 570     }
 571 
 572     if (!flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 573       if (!version_less_than(flag.obsolete_in, flag.expired_in)) {
 574         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be obsoleted before expired.", flag.name);
 575         success = false;
 576       }
 577 
 578       // if flag has become obsolete it should not have a "globals" flag defined anymore.
 579       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in)) {
 580         if (Flag::find_flag(flag.name) != NULL) {
 581           warning("Global variable for obsolete special flag entry \"%s\" should be removed", flag.name);
 582           success = false;
 583         }
 584       }
 585     }
 586 
 587     if (!flag.expired_in.is_undefined()) {
 588       // if flag has become expired it should not have a "globals" flag defined anymore.
 589       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 590         if (Flag::find_flag(flag.name) != NULL) {
 591           warning("Global variable for expired flag entry \"%s\" should be removed", flag.name);
 592           success = false;
 593         }
 594       }
 595     }
 596 
 597   }
 598   return success;
 599 }
 600 #endif
 601 
 602 // Parses a size specification string.
 603 bool Arguments::atojulong(const char *s, julong* result) {
 604   julong n = 0;
 605 
 606   // First char must be a digit. Don't allow negative numbers or leading spaces.
 607   if (!isdigit(*s)) {
 608     return false;
 609   }
 610 
 611   bool is_hex = (s[0] == '0' && (s[1] == 'x' || s[1] == 'X'));
 612   char* remainder;
 613   errno = 0;
 614   n = strtoull(s, &remainder, (is_hex ? 16 : 10));
 615   if (errno != 0) {
 616     return false;
 617   }
 618 
 619   // Fail if no number was read at all or if the remainder contains more than a single non-digit character.
 620   if (remainder == s || strlen(remainder) > 1) {
 621     return false;
 622   }
 623 
 624   switch (*remainder) {
 625     case 'T': case 't':
 626       *result = n * G * K;
 627       // Check for overflow.
 628       if (*result/((julong)G * K) != n) return false;
 629       return true;
 630     case 'G': case 'g':
 631       *result = n * G;
 632       if (*result/G != n) return false;
 633       return true;
 634     case 'M': case 'm':
 635       *result = n * M;
 636       if (*result/M != n) return false;
 637       return true;
 638     case 'K': case 'k':
 639       *result = n * K;
 640       if (*result/K != n) return false;
 641       return true;
 642     case '\0':
 643       *result = n;
 644       return true;
 645     default:
 646       return false;
 647   }
 648 }
 649 
 650 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(julong size, julong min_size, julong max_size) {
 651   if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
 652   if (size > max_size) return arg_too_big;
 653   return arg_in_range;
 654 }
 655 
 656 // Describe an argument out of range error
 657 void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
 658   switch(errcode) {
 659   case arg_too_big:
 660     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 661                 "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
 662                 "representable size.\n");
 663     break;
 664   case arg_too_small:
 665   case arg_unreadable:
 666   case arg_in_range:
 667     // do nothing for now
 668     break;
 669   default:
 670     ShouldNotReachHere();
 671   }
 672 }
 673 
 674 static bool set_bool_flag(const char* name, bool value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 675   if (CommandLineFlags::boolAtPut(name, &value, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 676     return true;
 677   } else {
 678     return false;
 679   }
 680 }
 681 
 682 static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(const char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 683   char* end;
 684   errno = 0;
 685   double v = strtod(value, &end);
 686   if ((errno != 0) || (*end != 0)) {
 687     return false;
 688   }
 689 
 690   if (CommandLineFlags::doubleAtPut(name, &v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 691     return true;
 692   }
 693   return false;
 694 }
 695 
 696 static bool set_numeric_flag(const char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 697   julong v;
 698   int int_v;
 699   intx intx_v;
 700   bool is_neg = false;
 701   Flag* result = Flag::find_flag(name, strlen(name));
 702 
 703   if (result == NULL) {
 704     return false;
 705   }
 706 
 707   // Check the sign first since atojulong() parses only unsigned values.
 708   if (*value == '-') {
 709     if (!result->is_intx() && !result->is_int()) {
 710       return false;
 711     }
 712     value++;
 713     is_neg = true;
 714   }
 715   if (!Arguments::atojulong(value, &v)) {
 716     return false;
 717   }
 718   if (result->is_int()) {
 719     int_v = (int) v;
 720     if (is_neg) {
 721       int_v = -int_v;
 722     }
 723     return CommandLineFlags::intAtPut(result, &int_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 724   } else if (result->is_uint()) {
 725     uint uint_v = (uint) v;
 726     return CommandLineFlags::uintAtPut(result, &uint_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 727   } else if (result->is_intx()) {
 728     intx_v = (intx) v;
 729     if (is_neg) {
 730       intx_v = -intx_v;
 731     }
 732     return CommandLineFlags::intxAtPut(result, &intx_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 733   } else if (result->is_uintx()) {
 734     uintx uintx_v = (uintx) v;
 735     return CommandLineFlags::uintxAtPut(result, &uintx_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 736   } else if (result->is_uint64_t()) {
 737     uint64_t uint64_t_v = (uint64_t) v;
 738     return CommandLineFlags::uint64_tAtPut(result, &uint64_t_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 739   } else if (result->is_size_t()) {
 740     size_t size_t_v = (size_t) v;
 741     return CommandLineFlags::size_tAtPut(result, &size_t_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 742   } else if (result->is_double()) {
 743     double double_v = (double) v;
 744     return CommandLineFlags::doubleAtPut(result, &double_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 745   } else {
 746     return false;
 747   }
 748 }
 749 
 750 static bool set_string_flag(const char* name, const char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 751   if (CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin) != Flag::SUCCESS) return false;
 752   // Contract:  CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 753   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 754   return true;
 755 }
 756 
 757 static bool append_to_string_flag(const char* name, const char* new_value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 758   const char* old_value = "";
 759   if (CommandLineFlags::ccstrAt(name, &old_value) != Flag::SUCCESS) return false;
 760   size_t old_len = old_value != NULL ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
 761   size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
 762   const char* value;
 763   char* free_this_too = NULL;
 764   if (old_len == 0) {
 765     value = new_value;
 766   } else if (new_len == 0) {
 767     value = old_value;
 768   } else {
 769      size_t length = old_len + 1 + new_len + 1;
 770      char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtArguments);
 771     // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
 772     jio_snprintf(buf, length, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
 773     value = buf;
 774     free_this_too = buf;
 775   }
 776   (void) CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 777   // CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 778   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 779   if (free_this_too != NULL) {
 780     // CommandLineFlags made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
 781     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too);
 782   }
 783   return true;
 784 }
 785 
 786 const char* Arguments::handle_aliases_and_deprecation(const char* arg, bool warn) {
 787   const char* real_name = real_flag_name(arg);
 788   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
 789   switch (is_deprecated_flag(arg, &since)) {
 790     case -1:
 791       return NULL; // obsolete or expired, don't process normally
 792     case 0:
 793       return real_name;
 794     case 1: {
 795       if (warn) {
 796         char version[256];
 797         since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
 798         if (real_name != arg) {
 799           warning("Option %s was deprecated in version %s and will likely be removed in a future release. Use option %s instead.",
 800                   arg, version, real_name);
 801         } else {
 802           warning("Option %s was deprecated in version %s and will likely be removed in a future release.",
 803                   arg, version);
 804         }
 805       }
 806       return real_name;
 807     }
 808   }
 809   ShouldNotReachHere();
 810   return NULL;
 811 }
 812 
 813 void log_deprecated_flag(const char* name, bool on, AliasedLoggingFlag alf) {
 814   LogTagType tagSet[] = {alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5};
 815   // Set tagset string buffer at max size of 256, large enough for any alias tagset
 816   const int max_tagset_size = 256;
 817   int max_tagset_len = max_tagset_size - 1;
 818   char tagset_buffer[max_tagset_size];
 819   tagset_buffer[0] = '\0';
 820 
 821   // Write tag-set for aliased logging option, in string list form
 822   int max_tags = sizeof(tagSet)/sizeof(tagSet[0]);
 823   for (int i = 0; i < max_tags && tagSet[i] != LogTag::__NO_TAG; i++) {
 824     if (i > 0) {
 825       strncat(tagset_buffer, "+", max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 826     }
 827     strncat(tagset_buffer, LogTag::name(tagSet[i]), max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 828   }
 829   if (!alf.exactMatch) {
 830       strncat(tagset_buffer, "*", max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 831   }
 832   log_warning(arguments)("-XX:%s%s is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:%s=%s instead.",
 833                          (on) ? "+" : "-",
 834                          name,
 835                          tagset_buffer,
 836                          (on) ? LogLevel::name(alf.level) : "off");
 837 }
 838 
 839 AliasedLoggingFlag Arguments::catch_logging_aliases(const char* name, bool on){
 840   for (size_t i = 0; aliased_logging_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
 841     const AliasedLoggingFlag& alf = aliased_logging_flags[i];
 842     if (strcmp(alf.alias_name, name) == 0) {
 843       log_deprecated_flag(name, on, alf);
 844       return alf;
 845     }
 846   }
 847   AliasedLoggingFlag a = {NULL, LogLevel::Off, false, LOG_TAGS(_NO_TAG)};
 848   return a;
 849 }
 850 
 851 bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, Flag::Flags origin) {
 852 
 853   // range of acceptable characters spelled out for portability reasons
 854 #define NAME_RANGE  "[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_]"
 855 #define BUFLEN 255
 856   char name[BUFLEN+1];
 857   char dummy;
 858   const char* real_name;
 859   bool warn_if_deprecated = true;
 860 
 861   if (sscanf(arg, "-%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 862     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, false);
 863     if (alf.alias_name != NULL){
 864       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Off, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
 865       return true;
 866     }
 867     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 868     if (real_name == NULL) {
 869       return false;
 870     }
 871     return set_bool_flag(real_name, false, origin);
 872   }
 873   if (sscanf(arg, "+%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 874     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, true);
 875     if (alf.alias_name != NULL){
 876       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(alf.level, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
 877       return true;
 878     }
 879     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 880     if (real_name == NULL) {
 881       return false;
 882     }
 883     return set_bool_flag(real_name, true, origin);
 884   }
 885 
 886   char punct;
 887   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 888     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 889     Flag* flag;
 890 
 891     // this scanf pattern matches both strings (handled here) and numbers (handled later))
 892     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, true);
 893     if (alf.alias_name != NULL) {
 894       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(alf.level, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
 895       return true;
 896     }
 897     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 898     if (real_name == NULL) {
 899       return false;
 900     }
 901     flag = Flag::find_flag(real_name);
 902     if (flag != NULL && flag->is_ccstr()) {
 903       if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
 904         return append_to_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
 905       } else {
 906         if (value[0] == '\0') {
 907           value = NULL;
 908         }
 909         return set_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
 910       }
 911     } else {
 912       warn_if_deprecated = false; // if arg is deprecated, we've already done warning...
 913     }
 914   }
 915 
 916   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE ":%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 917     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 918     // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
 919     if (value[0] == '\0') {
 920       value = NULL;
 921     }
 922     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 923     if (real_name == NULL) {
 924       return false;
 925     }
 926     return set_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
 927   }
 928 
 929 #define SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "[-0123456789.eE+]"
 930 #define SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE    "[-0123456789]"
 931 #define        NUMBER_RANGE    "[0123456789eE+-]"
 932   char value[BUFLEN + 1];
 933   char value2[BUFLEN + 1];
 934   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE "." "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, value2, &dummy) == 3) {
 935     // Looks like a floating-point number -- try again with more lenient format string
 936     if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 937       real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 938       if (real_name == NULL) {
 939         return false;
 940       }
 941       return set_fp_numeric_flag(real_name, value, origin);
 942     }
 943   }
 944 
 945 #define VALUE_RANGE "[-kmgtxKMGTX0123456789abcdefABCDEF]"
 946   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) VALUE_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 947     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 948     if (real_name == NULL) {
 949       return false;
 950     }
 951     return set_numeric_flag(real_name, value, origin);
 952   }
 953 
 954   return false;
 955 }
 956 
 957 void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
 958   assert(bldarray != NULL, "illegal argument");
 959 
 960   if (arg == NULL) {
 961     return;
 962   }
 963 
 964   int new_count = *count + 1;
 965 
 966   // expand the array and add arg to the last element
 967   if (*bldarray == NULL) {
 968     *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, new_count, mtArguments);
 969   } else {
 970     *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, new_count, mtArguments);
 971   }
 972   (*bldarray)[*count] = os::strdup_check_oom(arg);
 973   *count = new_count;
 974 }
 975 
 976 void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
 977   add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
 978 }
 979 
 980 void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
 981   add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
 982 }
 983 
 984 // utility function to return a string that concatenates all
 985 // strings in a given char** array
 986 const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
 987   if (args == NULL || count == 0) {
 988     return NULL;
 989   }
 990   size_t length = 0;
 991   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
 992     length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space or NULL terminating character
 993   }
 994   char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
 995   char* dst = s;
 996   for (int j = 0; j < count; j++) {
 997     size_t offset = strlen(args[j]) + 1; // add 1 for a space or NULL terminating character
 998     jio_snprintf(dst, length, "%s ", args[j]); // jio_snprintf will replace the last space character with NULL character
 999     dst += offset;
1000     length -= offset;
1001   }
1002   return (const char*) s;
1003 }
1004 
1005 void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
1006   st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
1007   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
1008     st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
1009     st->cr();
1010   }
1011   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
1012     st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
1013     st->cr();
1014   }
1015   st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
1016   if (_java_class_path != NULL) {
1017     char* path = _java_class_path->value();
1018     st->print_cr("java_class_path (initial): %s", strlen(path) == 0 ? "<not set>" : path );
1019   }
1020   st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
1021 }
1022 
1023 void Arguments::print_summary_on(outputStream* st) {
1024   // Print the command line.  Environment variables that are helpful for
1025   // reproducing the problem are written later in the hs_err file.
1026   // flags are from setting file
1027   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
1028     st->print_raw("Settings File: ");
1029     print_jvm_flags_on(st);
1030     st->cr();
1031   }
1032   // args are the command line and environment variable arguments.
1033   st->print_raw("Command Line: ");
1034   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
1035     print_jvm_args_on(st);
1036   }
1037   // this is the classfile and any arguments to the java program
1038   if (java_command() != NULL) {
1039     st->print("%s", java_command());
1040   }
1041   st->cr();
1042 }
1043 
1044 void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
1045   if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
1046     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
1047       st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
1048     }
1049   }
1050 }
1051 
1052 void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
1053   if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
1054     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
1055       st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
1056     }
1057   }
1058 }
1059 
1060 bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg,
1061                                  jboolean ignore_unrecognized,
1062                                  Flag::Flags origin) {
1063   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
1064 
1065   if (parse_argument(arg, origin)) {
1066     return true;
1067   }
1068 
1069   // Determine if the flag has '+', '-', or '=' characters.
1070   bool has_plus_minus = (*arg == '+' || *arg == '-');
1071   const char* const argname = has_plus_minus ? arg + 1 : arg;
1072 
1073   size_t arg_len;
1074   const char* equal_sign = strchr(argname, '=');
1075   if (equal_sign == NULL) {
1076     arg_len = strlen(argname);
1077   } else {
1078     arg_len = equal_sign - argname;
1079   }
1080 
1081   // Only make the obsolete check for valid arguments.
1082   if (arg_len <= BUFLEN) {
1083     // Construct a string which consists only of the argument name without '+', '-', or '='.
1084     char stripped_argname[BUFLEN+1]; // +1 for '\0'
1085     jio_snprintf(stripped_argname, arg_len+1, "%s", argname); // +1 for '\0'
1086     if (is_obsolete_flag(stripped_argname, &since)) {
1087       char version[256];
1088       since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
1089       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", stripped_argname, version);
1090       return true;
1091     }
1092 #ifndef PRODUCT
1093     else {
1094       const char* replacement;
1095       if ((replacement = removed_develop_logging_flag_name(stripped_argname)) != NULL){
1096         log_warning(arguments)("%s has been removed. Please use %s instead.",
1097                                stripped_argname,
1098                                replacement);
1099         return false;
1100       }
1101     }
1102 #endif //PRODUCT
1103   }
1104 
1105   // For locked flags, report a custom error message if available.
1106   // Otherwise, report the standard unrecognized VM option.
1107   Flag* found_flag = Flag::find_flag((const char*)argname, arg_len, true, true);
1108   if (found_flag != NULL) {
1109     char locked_message_buf[BUFLEN];
1110     Flag::MsgType msg_type = found_flag->get_locked_message(locked_message_buf, BUFLEN);
1111     if (strlen(locked_message_buf) == 0) {
1112       if (found_flag->is_bool() && !has_plus_minus) {
1113         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1114           "Missing +/- setting for VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1115       } else if (!found_flag->is_bool() && has_plus_minus) {
1116         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1117           "Unexpected +/- setting in VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1118       } else {
1119         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1120           "Improperly specified VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1121       }
1122     } else {
1123 #ifdef PRODUCT
1124       bool mismatched = ((msg_type == Flag::NOTPRODUCT_FLAG_BUT_PRODUCT_BUILD) ||
1125                          (msg_type == Flag::DEVELOPER_FLAG_BUT_PRODUCT_BUILD));
1126       if (ignore_unrecognized && mismatched) {
1127         return true;
1128       }
1129 #endif
1130       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s", locked_message_buf);
1131     }
1132   } else {
1133     if (ignore_unrecognized) {
1134       return true;
1135     }
1136     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1137                 "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1138     Flag* fuzzy_matched = Flag::fuzzy_match((const char*)argname, arg_len, true);
1139     if (fuzzy_matched != NULL) {
1140       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1141                   "Did you mean '%s%s%s'? ",
1142                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "(+/-)" : "",
1143                   fuzzy_matched->_name,
1144                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "" : "=<value>");
1145     }
1146   }
1147 
1148   // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
1149   return arg[0] == '#';
1150 }
1151 
1152 bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
1153   FILE* stream = fopen(file_name, "rb");
1154   if (stream == NULL) {
1155     if (should_exist) {
1156       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1157                   "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
1158       return false;
1159     } else {
1160       return true;
1161     }
1162   }
1163 
1164   char token[1024];
1165   int  pos = 0;
1166 
1167   bool in_white_space = true;
1168   bool in_comment     = false;
1169   bool in_quote       = false;
1170   char quote_c        = 0;
1171   bool result         = true;
1172 
1173   int c = getc(stream);
1174   while(c != EOF && pos < (int)(sizeof(token)-1)) {
1175     if (in_white_space) {
1176       if (in_comment) {
1177         if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
1178       } else {
1179         if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
1180         else if (!isspace(c)) {
1181           in_white_space = false;
1182           token[pos++] = c;
1183         }
1184       }
1185     } else {
1186       if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace(c))) {
1187         // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
1188         // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
1189         token[pos] = '\0';
1190         logOption(token);
1191         result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
1192         build_jvm_flags(token);
1193         pos = 0;
1194         in_white_space = true;
1195         in_quote = false;
1196       } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
1197         in_quote = true;
1198         quote_c = c;
1199       } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
1200         in_quote = false;
1201       } else {
1202         token[pos++] = c;
1203       }
1204     }
1205     c = getc(stream);
1206   }
1207   if (pos > 0) {
1208     token[pos] = '\0';
1209     result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
1210     build_jvm_flags(token);
1211   }
1212   fclose(stream);
1213   return result;
1214 }
1215 
1216 //=============================================================================================================
1217 // Parsing of properties (-D)
1218 
1219 const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
1220   return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
1221 }
1222 
1223 bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop, PropertyWriteable writeable, PropertyInternal internal) {
1224   const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
1225   const char* key;
1226   const char* value = "";
1227 
1228   if (eq == NULL) {
1229     // property doesn't have a value, thus use passed string
1230     key = prop;
1231   } else {
1232     // property have a value, thus extract it and save to the
1233     // allocated string
1234     size_t key_len = eq - prop;
1235     char* tmp_key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, mtArguments);
1236 
1237     jio_snprintf(tmp_key, key_len + 1, "%s", prop);
1238     key = tmp_key;
1239 
1240     value = &prop[key_len + 1];
1241   }
1242 
1243   if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
1244     process_java_compiler_argument(value);
1245     // Record value in Arguments, but let it get passed to Java.
1246   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm") == 0 ||
1247              strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.pid") == 0) {
1248     // sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm and sun.java.launcher.pid property are
1249     // private and are processed in process_sun_java_launcher_properties();
1250     // the sun.java.launcher property is passed on to the java application
1251   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.boot.library.path") == 0) {
1252     // append is true, writable is true, internal is false
1253     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, AppendProperty,
1254                             WriteableProperty, ExternalProperty);
1255   } else {
1256     if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
1257       char *old_java_command = _java_command;
1258       _java_command = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtArguments);
1259       if (old_java_command != NULL) {
1260         os::free(old_java_command);
1261       }
1262     } else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
1263       const char* old_java_vendor_url_bug = _java_vendor_url_bug;
1264       // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
1265       // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
1266       _java_vendor_url_bug = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtArguments);
1267       if (old_java_vendor_url_bug != DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG) {
1268         assert(old_java_vendor_url_bug != NULL, "_java_vendor_url_bug is NULL");
1269         os::free((void *)old_java_vendor_url_bug);
1270       }
1271     }
1272 
1273     // Create new property and add at the end of the list
1274     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, AddProperty, writeable, internal);
1275   }
1276 
1277   if (key != prop) {
1278     // SystemProperty copy passed value, thus free previously allocated
1279     // memory
1280     FreeHeap((void *)key);
1281   }
1282 
1283   return true;
1284 }
1285 
1286 #if INCLUDE_CDS
1287 void Arguments::check_unsupported_dumping_properties() {
1288   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "this function is only used with -Xshare:dump");
1289   const char* unsupported_properties[] = { "jdk.module.main",
1290                                            "jdk.module.limitmods",
1291                                            "jdk.module.path",
1292                                            "jdk.module.upgrade.path",
1293                                            "jdk.module.patch.0" };
1294   const char* unsupported_options[] = { "-m", // cannot use at dump time
1295                                         "--limit-modules", // ignored at dump time
1296                                         "--module-path", // ignored at dump time
1297                                         "--upgrade-module-path", // ignored at dump time
1298                                         "--patch-module" // ignored at dump time
1299                                       };
1300   assert(ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_properties) == ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_options), "must be");
1301   // If a vm option is found in the unsupported_options array with index less than the info_idx,
1302   // vm will exit with an error message. Otherwise, it will print an informational message if
1303   // -Xlog:cds is enabled.
1304   uint info_idx = 1;
1305   SystemProperty* sp = system_properties();
1306   while (sp != NULL) {
1307     for (uint i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_properties); i++) {
1308       if (strcmp(sp->key(), unsupported_properties[i]) == 0) {
1309         if (i < info_idx) {
1310           vm_exit_during_initialization(
1311             "Cannot use the following option when dumping the shared archive", unsupported_options[i]);
1312         } else {
1313           log_info(cds)("Info: the %s option is ignored when dumping the shared archive",
1314                         unsupported_options[i]);
1315         }
1316       }
1317     }
1318     sp = sp->next();
1319   }
1320 
1321   // Check for an exploded module build in use with -Xshare:dump.
1322   if (!has_jimage()) {
1323     vm_exit_during_initialization("Dumping the shared archive is not supported with an exploded module build");
1324   }
1325 }
1326 #endif
1327 
1328 //===========================================================================================================
1329 // Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
1330 
1331 void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
1332   // Set up default values for all flags.
1333   // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
1334   // add a default value for it here.
1335   set_java_compiler(false);
1336   _mode                      = mode;
1337 
1338   // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
1339   // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
1340   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
1341                           VM_Version::vm_info_string(), AddProperty, UnwriteableProperty, ExternalProperty);
1342 
1343   UseInterpreter             = true;
1344   UseCompiler                = true;
1345   UseLoopCounter             = true;
1346 
1347   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
1348   // use the saved values
1349   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
1350   AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1351   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
1352   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
1353   if (TieredCompilation) {
1354     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog)) {
1355       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
1356     }
1357     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(Tier4InvocationThreshold)) {
1358       Tier4InvocationThreshold = Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold;
1359     }
1360   }
1361 
1362   // Change from defaults based on mode
1363   switch (mode) {
1364   default:
1365     ShouldNotReachHere();
1366     break;
1367   case _int:
1368     UseCompiler              = false;
1369     UseLoopCounter           = false;
1370     AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
1371     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
1372     break;
1373   case _mixed:
1374     // same as default
1375     break;
1376   case _comp:
1377     UseInterpreter           = false;
1378     BackgroundCompilation    = false;
1379     ClipInlining             = false;
1380     // Be much more aggressive in tiered mode with -Xcomp and exercise C2 more.
1381     // We will first compile a level 3 version (C1 with full profiling), then do one invocation of it and
1382     // compile a level 4 (C2) and then continue executing it.
1383     if (TieredCompilation) {
1384       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1385       Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1386     }
1387     break;
1388   }
1389 }
1390 
1391 // Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
1392 // incompatible command line options were chosen.
1393 static void no_shared_spaces(const char* message) {
1394   if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1395     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1396       "Class data sharing is inconsistent with other specified options.\n");
1397     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive.", message);
1398   } else {
1399     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
1400   }
1401 }
1402 
1403 // Returns threshold scaled with the value of scale.
1404 // If scale < 0.0, threshold is returned without scaling.
1405 intx Arguments::scaled_compile_threshold(intx threshold, double scale) {
1406   if (scale == 1.0 || scale < 0.0) {
1407     return threshold;
1408   } else {
1409     return (intx)(threshold * scale);
1410   }
1411 }
1412 
1413 // Returns freq_log scaled with the value of scale.
1414 // Returned values are in the range of [0, InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits + 1].
1415 // If scale < 0.0, freq_log is returned without scaling.
1416 intx Arguments::scaled_freq_log(intx freq_log, double scale) {
1417   // Check if scaling is necessary or if negative value was specified.
1418   if (scale == 1.0 || scale < 0.0) {
1419     return freq_log;
1420   }
1421   // Check values to avoid calculating log2 of 0.
1422   if (scale == 0.0 || freq_log == 0) {
1423     return 0;
1424   }
1425   // Determine the maximum notification frequency value currently supported.
1426   // The largest mask value that the interpreter/C1 can handle is
1427   // of length InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits. Mask values are always
1428   // one bit shorter then the value of the notification frequency. Set
1429   // max_freq_bits accordingly.
1430   intx max_freq_bits = InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits + 1;
1431   intx scaled_freq = scaled_compile_threshold((intx)1 << freq_log, scale);
1432   if (scaled_freq == 0) {
1433     // Return 0 right away to avoid calculating log2 of 0.
1434     return 0;
1435   } else if (scaled_freq > nth_bit(max_freq_bits)) {
1436     return max_freq_bits;
1437   } else {
1438     return log2_intptr(scaled_freq);
1439   }
1440 }
1441 
1442 void Arguments::set_tiered_flags() {
1443   // With tiered, set default policy to AdvancedThresholdPolicy, which is 3.
1444   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice)) {
1445     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice, 3);
1446   }
1447   if (CompilationPolicyChoice < 2) {
1448     vm_exit_during_initialization(
1449       "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
1450   }
1451   // Increase the code cache size - tiered compiles a lot more.
1452   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1453     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize,
1454                   MIN2(CODE_CACHE_DEFAULT_LIMIT, ReservedCodeCacheSize * 5));
1455   }
1456   // Enable SegmentedCodeCache if TieredCompilation is enabled and ReservedCodeCacheSize >= 240M
1457   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SegmentedCodeCache) && ReservedCodeCacheSize >= 240*M) {
1458     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, SegmentedCodeCache, true);
1459   }
1460   if (!UseInterpreter) { // -Xcomp
1461     Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1462     Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1463   }
1464 
1465   if (CompileThresholdScaling < 0) {
1466     vm_exit_during_initialization("Negative value specified for CompileThresholdScaling", NULL);
1467   }
1468 
1469   // Scale tiered compilation thresholds.
1470   // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is equivalent to -Xint and leaves compilation thresholds unchanged.
1471   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThresholdScaling) && CompileThresholdScaling > 0.0) {
1472     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1473     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1474 
1475     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3InvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3InvocationThreshold));
1476     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3MinInvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3MinInvocationThreshold));
1477     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3CompileThreshold));
1478     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3BackEdgeThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3BackEdgeThreshold));
1479 
1480     // Tier2{Invocation,MinInvocation,Compile,Backedge}Threshold should be scaled here
1481     // once these thresholds become supported.
1482 
1483     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1484     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1485 
1486     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1487     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1488 
1489     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog));
1490 
1491     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4InvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4InvocationThreshold));
1492     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4MinInvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4MinInvocationThreshold));
1493     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4CompileThreshold));
1494     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4BackEdgeThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4BackEdgeThreshold));
1495   }
1496 }
1497 
1498 void set_object_alignment() {
1499   // Object alignment.
1500   assert(is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes), "ObjectAlignmentInBytes must be power of 2");
1501   MinObjAlignmentInBytes     = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1502   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes >= HeapWordsPerLong * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is too small");
1503   MinObjAlignment            = MinObjAlignmentInBytes / HeapWordSize;
1504   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes == MinObjAlignment * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is incorrect");
1505   MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask = MinObjAlignmentInBytes - 1;
1506 
1507   LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes  = exact_log2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1508   LogMinObjAlignment         = LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes - LogHeapWordSize;
1509 
1510   // Oop encoding heap max
1511   OopEncodingHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1) << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1512 
1513   if (SurvivorAlignmentInBytes == 0) {
1514     SurvivorAlignmentInBytes = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1515   }
1516 }
1517 
1518 size_t Arguments::max_heap_for_compressed_oops() {
1519   // Avoid sign flip.
1520   assert(OopEncodingHeapMax > (uint64_t)os::vm_page_size(), "Unusual page size");
1521   // We need to fit both the NULL page and the heap into the memory budget, while
1522   // keeping alignment constraints of the heap. To guarantee the latter, as the
1523   // NULL page is located before the heap, we pad the NULL page to the conservative
1524   // maximum alignment that the GC may ever impose upon the heap.
1525   size_t displacement_due_to_null_page = align_up((size_t)os::vm_page_size(),
1526                                                   _conservative_max_heap_alignment);
1527 
1528   LP64_ONLY(return OopEncodingHeapMax - displacement_due_to_null_page);
1529   NOT_LP64(ShouldNotReachHere(); return 0);
1530 }
1531 
1532 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_oops() {
1533 #ifndef ZERO
1534 #ifdef _LP64
1535   // MaxHeapSize is not set up properly at this point, but
1536   // the only value that can override MaxHeapSize if we are
1537   // to use UseCompressedOops is InitialHeapSize.
1538   size_t max_heap_size = MAX2(MaxHeapSize, InitialHeapSize);
1539 
1540   if (max_heap_size <= max_heap_for_compressed_oops()) {
1541 #if !defined(COMPILER1) || defined(TIERED)
1542     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1543       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedOops, true);
1544     }
1545 #endif
1546   } else {
1547     if (UseCompressedOops && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1548       warning("Max heap size too large for Compressed Oops");
1549       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false);
1550       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1551     }
1552   }
1553 #endif // _LP64
1554 #endif // ZERO
1555 }
1556 
1557 
1558 // NOTE: set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1559 // set_use_compressed_oops().
1560 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() {
1561 #ifndef ZERO
1562 #ifdef _LP64
1563   // UseCompressedOops must be on for UseCompressedClassPointers to be on.
1564   if (!UseCompressedOops) {
1565     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1566       warning("UseCompressedClassPointers requires UseCompressedOops");
1567     }
1568     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1569   } else {
1570     // Turn on UseCompressedClassPointers too
1571     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers)) {
1572       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedClassPointers, true);
1573     }
1574     // Check the CompressedClassSpaceSize to make sure we use compressed klass ptrs.
1575     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1576       if (CompressedClassSpaceSize > KlassEncodingMetaspaceMax) {
1577         warning("CompressedClassSpaceSize is too large for UseCompressedClassPointers");
1578         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1579       }
1580     }
1581   }
1582 #endif // _LP64
1583 #endif // !ZERO
1584 }
1585 
1586 void Arguments::set_conservative_max_heap_alignment() {
1587   // The conservative maximum required alignment for the heap is the maximum of
1588   // the alignments imposed by several sources: any requirements from the heap
1589   // itself, the collector policy and the maximum page size we may run the VM
1590   // with.
1591   size_t heap_alignment = GCArguments::arguments()->conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1592   _conservative_max_heap_alignment = MAX4(heap_alignment,
1593                                           (size_t)os::vm_allocation_granularity(),
1594                                           os::max_page_size(),
1595                                           CollectorPolicy::compute_heap_alignment());
1596 }
1597 
1598 #ifdef TIERED
1599 bool Arguments::compilation_mode_selected() {
1600  return !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TieredCompilation) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TieredStopAtLevel) ||
1601         !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseAOT) JVMCI_ONLY(|| !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EnableJVMCI) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseJVMCICompiler));
1602 
1603 }
1604 
1605 void Arguments::select_compilation_mode_ergonomically() {
1606 #if defined(_WINDOWS) && !defined(_LP64)
1607   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NeverActAsServerClassMachine)) {
1608     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, NeverActAsServerClassMachine, true);
1609   }
1610 #endif
1611   if (NeverActAsServerClassMachine) {
1612     set_client_compilation_mode();
1613   }
1614 }
1615 #endif //TIERED
1616 
1617 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
1618 void Arguments::set_jvmci_specific_flags() {
1619   if (UseJVMCICompiler) {
1620     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileWidth)) {
1621       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(TypeProfileWidth, 8);
1622     }
1623     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OnStackReplacePercentage)) {
1624       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OnStackReplacePercentage, 933);
1625     }
1626     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1627       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize, 64*M);
1628     }
1629     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialCodeCacheSize)) {
1630       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InitialCodeCacheSize, 16*M);
1631     }
1632     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MetaspaceSize)) {
1633       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MetaspaceSize, 12*M);
1634     }
1635     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSizeThreadIncrease)) {
1636       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(NewSizeThreadIncrease, 4*K);
1637     }
1638     if (TieredStopAtLevel != CompLevel_full_optimization) {
1639       // Currently JVMCI compiler can only work at the full optimization level
1640       warning("forcing TieredStopAtLevel to full optimization because JVMCI is enabled");
1641       TieredStopAtLevel = CompLevel_full_optimization;
1642     }
1643     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel)) {
1644       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel, 0);
1645     }
1646   }
1647 }
1648 #endif
1649 
1650 jint Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
1651 #ifdef TIERED
1652   if (!compilation_mode_selected()) {
1653     select_compilation_mode_ergonomically();
1654   }
1655 #endif
1656 
1657   jint gc_result = GCArguments::initialize();
1658   if (gc_result != JNI_OK) {
1659     return gc_result;
1660   }
1661 
1662 #if defined(COMPILER2) || INCLUDE_JVMCI
1663   // Shared spaces work fine with other GCs but causes bytecode rewriting
1664   // to be disabled, which hurts interpreter performance and decreases
1665   // server performance.  When -server is specified, keep the default off
1666   // unless it is asked for.  Future work: either add bytecode rewriting
1667   // at link time, or rewrite bytecodes in non-shared methods.
1668   if (is_server_compilation_mode_vm() && !DumpSharedSpaces && !RequireSharedSpaces &&
1669       (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces) || !UseSharedSpaces)) {
1670     no_shared_spaces("COMPILER2 default: -Xshare:auto | off, have to manually setup to on.");
1671   }
1672 #endif
1673 
1674   set_conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1675 
1676 #ifndef ZERO
1677 #ifdef _LP64
1678   set_use_compressed_oops();
1679 
1680   // set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1681   // set_use_compressed_oops().
1682   set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs();
1683 
1684   // Also checks that certain machines are slower with compressed oops
1685   // in vm_version initialization code.
1686 #endif // _LP64
1687 #endif // !ZERO
1688 
1689   return JNI_OK;
1690 }
1691 
1692 void Arguments::set_gc_specific_flags() {
1693   // Set GC flags
1694   GCArguments::arguments()->initialize_flags();
1695 }
1696 
1697 julong Arguments::limit_by_allocatable_memory(julong limit) {
1698   julong max_allocatable;
1699   julong result = limit;
1700   if (os::has_allocatable_memory_limit(&max_allocatable)) {
1701     result = MIN2(result, max_allocatable / MaxVirtMemFraction);
1702   }
1703   return result;
1704 }
1705 
1706 // Use static initialization to get the default before parsing
1707 static const size_t DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress = HeapBaseMinAddress;
1708 
1709 void Arguments::set_heap_size() {
1710   julong phys_mem =
1711     FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM) ? MIN2(os::physical_memory(), (julong)MaxRAM)
1712                             : (julong)MaxRAM;
1713 
1714   // Experimental support for CGroup memory limits
1715   if (UseCGroupMemoryLimitForHeap) {
1716     // This is a rough indicator that a CGroup limit may be in force
1717     // for this process
1718     const char* lim_file = "/sys/fs/cgroup/memory/memory.limit_in_bytes";
1719     FILE *fp = fopen(lim_file, "r");
1720     if (fp != NULL) {
1721       julong cgroup_max = 0;
1722       int ret = fscanf(fp, JULONG_FORMAT, &cgroup_max);
1723       if (ret == 1 && cgroup_max > 0) {
1724         // If unlimited, cgroup_max will be a very large, but unspecified
1725         // value, so use initial phys_mem as a limit
1726         log_info(gc, heap)("Setting phys_mem to the min of cgroup limit ("
1727                            JULONG_FORMAT "MB) and initial phys_mem ("
1728                            JULONG_FORMAT "MB)", cgroup_max/M, phys_mem/M);
1729         phys_mem = MIN2(cgroup_max, phys_mem);
1730       } else {
1731         warning("Unable to read/parse cgroup memory limit from %s: %s",
1732                 lim_file, errno != 0 ? strerror(errno) : "unknown error");
1733       }
1734       fclose(fp);
1735     } else {
1736       warning("Unable to open cgroup memory limit file %s (%s)", lim_file, strerror(errno));
1737     }
1738   }
1739 
1740   // Convert deprecated flags
1741   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAMPercentage) &&
1742       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAMFraction))
1743     MaxRAMPercentage = 100.0 / MaxRAMFraction;
1744 
1745   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinRAMPercentage) &&
1746       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinRAMFraction))
1747     MinRAMPercentage = 100.0 / MinRAMFraction;
1748 
1749   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialRAMPercentage) &&
1750       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialRAMFraction))
1751     InitialRAMPercentage = 100.0 / InitialRAMFraction;
1752 
1753   // If the maximum heap size has not been set with -Xmx,
1754   // then set it as fraction of the size of physical memory,
1755   // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1756   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1757     julong reasonable_max = (julong)((phys_mem * MaxRAMPercentage) / 100);
1758     if (phys_mem <= (julong)((MaxHeapSize * MinRAMPercentage) / 100)) {
1759       // Small physical memory, so use a minimum fraction of it for the heap
1760       reasonable_max = (julong)((phys_mem * MinRAMPercentage) / 100);
1761     } else {
1762       // Not-small physical memory, so require a heap at least
1763       // as large as MaxHeapSize
1764       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1765     }
1766 
1767     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ErgoHeapSizeLimit) && ErgoHeapSizeLimit != 0) {
1768       // Limit the heap size to ErgoHeapSizeLimit
1769       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, (julong)ErgoHeapSizeLimit);
1770     }
1771     if (UseCompressedOops) {
1772       // Limit the heap size to the maximum possible when using compressed oops
1773       julong max_coop_heap = (julong)max_heap_for_compressed_oops();
1774 
1775       // HeapBaseMinAddress can be greater than default but not less than.
1776       if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(HeapBaseMinAddress)) {
1777         if (HeapBaseMinAddress < DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress) {
1778           // matches compressed oops printing flags
1779           log_debug(gc, heap, coops)("HeapBaseMinAddress must be at least " SIZE_FORMAT
1780                                      " (" SIZE_FORMAT "G) which is greater than value given " SIZE_FORMAT,
1781                                      DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress,
1782                                      DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress/G,
1783                                      HeapBaseMinAddress);
1784           FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, HeapBaseMinAddress, DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress);
1785         }
1786       }
1787 
1788       if (HeapBaseMinAddress + MaxHeapSize < max_coop_heap) {
1789         // Heap should be above HeapBaseMinAddress to get zero based compressed oops
1790         // but it should be not less than default MaxHeapSize.
1791         max_coop_heap -= HeapBaseMinAddress;
1792       }
1793       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, max_coop_heap);
1794     }
1795     reasonable_max = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_max);
1796 
1797     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialHeapSize)) {
1798       // An initial heap size was specified on the command line,
1799       // so be sure that the maximum size is consistent.  Done
1800       // after call to limit_by_allocatable_memory because that
1801       // method might reduce the allocation size.
1802       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)InitialHeapSize);
1803     }
1804 
1805     log_trace(gc, heap)("  Maximum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t) reasonable_max);
1806     FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, MaxHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_max);
1807   }
1808 
1809   // If the minimum or initial heap_size have not been set or requested to be set
1810   // ergonomically, set them accordingly.
1811   if (InitialHeapSize == 0 || min_heap_size() == 0) {
1812     julong reasonable_minimum = (julong)(OldSize + NewSize);
1813 
1814     reasonable_minimum = MIN2(reasonable_minimum, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1815 
1816     reasonable_minimum = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_minimum);
1817 
1818     if (InitialHeapSize == 0) {
1819       julong reasonable_initial = (julong)((phys_mem * InitialRAMPercentage) / 100);
1820 
1821       reasonable_initial = MAX3(reasonable_initial, reasonable_minimum, (julong)min_heap_size());
1822       reasonable_initial = MIN2(reasonable_initial, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1823 
1824       reasonable_initial = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_initial);
1825 
1826       log_trace(gc, heap)("  Initial heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
1827       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, InitialHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
1828     }
1829     // If the minimum heap size has not been set (via -Xms),
1830     // synchronize with InitialHeapSize to avoid errors with the default value.
1831     if (min_heap_size() == 0) {
1832       set_min_heap_size(MIN2((size_t)reasonable_minimum, InitialHeapSize));
1833       log_trace(gc, heap)("  Minimum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, min_heap_size());
1834     }
1835   }
1836 }
1837 
1838 // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
1839 // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
1840 // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
1841 // amounts of cpu and memory.
1842 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_heap_flags() {
1843   // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
1844   // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
1845   // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
1846   // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
1847   // calculations.
1848   julong initHeapSize;
1849   julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
1850 
1851   if (total_memory < (julong) 256 * M) {
1852     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1853             "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
1854     vm_exit(1);
1855   }
1856 
1857   // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
1858   // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
1859   // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
1860   // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
1861 
1862   initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong) 2,
1863           total_memory - (julong) 160 * M);
1864 
1865   initHeapSize = limit_by_allocatable_memory(initHeapSize);
1866 
1867   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1868     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1869       return JNI_EINVAL;
1870     }
1871     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, InitialHeapSize, initHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1872       return JNI_EINVAL;
1873     }
1874     // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
1875     set_min_heap_size(initHeapSize);
1876   }
1877   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
1878     // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
1879     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSize,
1880             ((julong) MaxHeapSize / (julong) 8) * (julong) 3) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1881       return JNI_EINVAL;
1882     }
1883     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxNewSize, NewSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1884       return JNI_EINVAL;
1885     }
1886   }
1887 
1888 #if !defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) && !defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
1889   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
1890 #endif
1891 
1892   // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
1893   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, BaseFootPrintEstimate, MaxHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1894     return JNI_EINVAL;
1895   }
1896   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1897     return JNI_EINVAL;
1898   }
1899   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, TLABSize, 256 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1900     return JNI_EINVAL;
1901   }
1902 
1903   // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
1904   // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
1905   // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
1906   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, YoungPLABSize, 256 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) { // Note: this is in words
1907     return JNI_EINVAL;
1908   }
1909 
1910   // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
1911   // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
1912   // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
1913   // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
1914   // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
1915   // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
1916   // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
1917   // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
1918   // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
1919   // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
1920   // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
1921   // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
1922   // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
1923   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, OldPLABSize, 8 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) { // Note: this is in words
1924     return JNI_EINVAL;
1925   }
1926 
1927   // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
1928   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseParallelGC, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1929     return JNI_EINVAL;
1930   }
1931 
1932   // Encourage steady state memory management
1933   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ThresholdTolerance, 100) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1934     return JNI_EINVAL;
1935   }
1936 
1937   // This appears to improve mutator locality
1938   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1939     return JNI_EINVAL;
1940   }
1941 
1942   // Get around early Solaris scheduling bug
1943   // (affinity vs other jobs on system)
1944   // but disallow DR and offlining (5008695).
1945   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BindGCTaskThreadsToCPUs, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
1946     return JNI_EINVAL;
1947   }
1948 
1949   return JNI_OK;
1950 }
1951 
1952 // This must be called after ergonomics.
1953 void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
1954   if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
1955     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1956   }
1957 }
1958 
1959 // Aggressive optimization flags  -XX:+AggressiveOpts
1960 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
1961 #ifdef COMPILER2
1962   if (AggressiveUnboxing) {
1963     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1964       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1965     } else if (!EliminateAutoBox) {
1966       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because EliminateAutoBox is disabled");
1967       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1968     }
1969     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis)) {
1970       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis, true);
1971     } else if (!DoEscapeAnalysis) {
1972       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because DoEscapeAnalysis is disabled");
1973       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1974     }
1975   }
1976   if (AggressiveOpts || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1977     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1978       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1979     }
1980     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1981       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax, 20000);
1982     }
1983 
1984     // Feed the cache size setting into the JDK
1985     char buffer[1024];
1986     jio_snprintf(buffer, 1024, "java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high=" INTX_FORMAT, AutoBoxCacheMax);
1987     if (!add_property(buffer)) {
1988       return JNI_ENOMEM;
1989     }
1990   }
1991   if (AggressiveOpts && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay)) {
1992     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay, 500);
1993   }
1994 #endif
1995 
1996   if (AggressiveOpts) {
1997 // Sample flag setting code
1998 //    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing)) {
1999 //      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing, true);
2000 //    }
2001   }
2002 
2003   return JNI_OK;
2004 }
2005 
2006 //===========================================================================================================
2007 // Parsing of java.compiler property
2008 
2009 void Arguments::process_java_compiler_argument(const char* arg) {
2010   // For backwards compatibility, Djava.compiler=NONE or ""
2011   // causes us to switch to -Xint mode UNLESS -Xdebug
2012   // is also specified.
2013   if (strlen(arg) == 0 || strcasecmp(arg, "NONE") == 0) {
2014     set_java_compiler(true);    // "-Djava.compiler[=...]" most recently seen.
2015   }
2016 }
2017 
2018 void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
2019   _sun_java_launcher = os::strdup_check_oom(launcher);
2020 }
2021 
2022 bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
2023   assert(_sun_java_launcher != NULL, "property must have value");
2024   return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
2025 }
2026 
2027 bool Arguments::sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm() {
2028   return _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm;
2029 }
2030 
2031 //===========================================================================================================
2032 // Parsing of main arguments
2033 
2034 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
2035 // Check consistency of jvmci vm argument settings.
2036 bool Arguments::check_jvmci_args_consistency() {
2037    return JVMCIGlobals::check_jvmci_flags_are_consistent();
2038 }
2039 #endif //INCLUDE_JVMCI
2040 
2041 // Check consistency of GC selection
2042 bool Arguments::check_gc_consistency() {
2043   // Ensure that the user has not selected conflicting sets
2044   // of collectors.
2045   uint i = 0;
2046   if (UseSerialGC)                       i++;
2047   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC)                i++;
2048   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) i++;
2049   if (UseG1GC)                           i++;
2050   if (i > 1) {
2051     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2052                 "Conflicting collector combinations in option list; "
2053                 "please refer to the release notes for the combinations "
2054                 "allowed\n");
2055     return false;
2056   }
2057 
2058   return true;
2059 }
2060 
2061 // Check the consistency of vm_init_args
2062 bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
2063   // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
2064   // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
2065   // before returning an error.
2066   // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
2067   bool status = true;
2068 
2069   if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
2070     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2071                 "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
2072                 "not " SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
2073                 TLABRefillWasteFraction);
2074     status = false;
2075   }
2076 
2077   if (FullGCALot && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount)) {
2078     MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount = 1;  // Move objects every gc.
2079   }
2080 
2081   if (!(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC)) {
2082     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2083   }
2084 
2085   if (GCTimeLimit == 100) {
2086     // Turn off gc-overhead-limit-exceeded checks
2087     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
2088   }
2089 
2090   status = status && check_gc_consistency();
2091 
2092   // CMS space iteration, which FLSVerifyAllHeapreferences entails,
2093   // insists that we hold the requisite locks so that the iteration is
2094   // MT-safe. For the verification at start-up and shut-down, we don't
2095   // yet have a good way of acquiring and releasing these locks,
2096   // which are not visible at the CollectedHeap level. We want to
2097   // be able to acquire these locks and then do the iteration rather
2098   // than just disable the lock verification. This will be fixed under
2099   // bug 4788986.
2100   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences) {
2101     if (VerifyDuringStartup) {
2102       warning("Heap verification at start-up disabled "
2103               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2104       VerifyDuringStartup = false; // Disable verification at start-up
2105     }
2106 
2107     if (VerifyBeforeExit) {
2108       warning("Heap verification at shutdown disabled "
2109               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2110       VerifyBeforeExit = false; // Disable verification at shutdown
2111     }
2112   }
2113 
2114   if (PrintNMTStatistics) {
2115 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2116     if (MemTracker::tracking_level() == NMT_off) {
2117 #endif // INCLUDE_NMT
2118       warning("PrintNMTStatistics is disabled, because native memory tracking is not enabled");
2119       PrintNMTStatistics = false;
2120 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2121     }
2122 #endif
2123   }
2124 
2125 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
2126   status = status && check_jvmci_args_consistency();
2127 
2128   if (EnableJVMCI) {
2129     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "jdk.internal.vm.ci.enabled", "true",
2130         AddProperty, UnwriteableProperty, InternalProperty);
2131 
2132     if (!ScavengeRootsInCode) {
2133       warning("forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero because JVMCI is enabled");
2134       ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
2135     }
2136   }
2137 #endif
2138 
2139   // Check lower bounds of the code cache
2140   // Template Interpreter code is approximately 3X larger in debug builds.
2141   uint min_code_cache_size = CodeCacheMinimumUseSpace DEBUG_ONLY(* 3);
2142   if (InitialCodeCacheSize < (uintx)os::vm_page_size()) {
2143     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2144                 "Invalid InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %dK.\n", InitialCodeCacheSize/K,
2145                 os::vm_page_size()/K);
2146     status = false;
2147   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < InitialCodeCacheSize) {
2148     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2149                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize: %dK. Must be at least InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK.\n",
2150                 ReservedCodeCacheSize/K, InitialCodeCacheSize/K);
2151     status = false;
2152   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < min_code_cache_size) {
2153     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2154                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/K,
2155                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2156     status = false;
2157   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize > CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT) {
2158     // Code cache size larger than CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT is not supported.
2159     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2160                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dM. Must be at most %uM.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/M,
2161                 CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT/M);
2162     status = false;
2163   } else if (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize < min_code_cache_size) {
2164     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2165                 "Invalid NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", NonNMethodCodeHeapSize/K,
2166                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2167     status = false;
2168   }
2169 
2170 #ifdef _LP64
2171   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCount) && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCountPerCPU) && CICompilerCountPerCPU) {
2172     warning("The VM option CICompilerCountPerCPU overrides CICompilerCount.");
2173   }
2174 #endif
2175 
2176 #ifndef SUPPORT_RESERVED_STACK_AREA
2177   if (StackReservedPages != 0) {
2178     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, StackReservedPages, 0);
2179     warning("Reserved Stack Area not supported on this platform");
2180   }
2181 #endif
2182 
2183   if (BackgroundCompilation && (CompileTheWorld || ReplayCompiles)) {
2184     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(BackgroundCompilation)) {
2185       warning("BackgroundCompilation disabled due to CompileTheWorld or ReplayCompiles options.");
2186     }
2187     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
2188   }
2189   if (UseCompiler && is_interpreter_only()) {
2190     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompiler)) {
2191       warning("UseCompiler disabled due to -Xint.");
2192     }
2193     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseCompiler, false);
2194   }
2195 #ifdef COMPILER2
2196   if (PostLoopMultiversioning && !RangeCheckElimination) {
2197     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(PostLoopMultiversioning)) {
2198       warning("PostLoopMultiversioning disabled because RangeCheckElimination is disabled.");
2199     }
2200     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PostLoopMultiversioning, false);
2201   }
2202 #endif
2203   return status;
2204 }
2205 
2206 bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
2207   const char* option_type) {
2208   if (ignore) return false;
2209 
2210   const char* spacer = " ";
2211   if (option_type == NULL) {
2212     option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
2213   }
2214 
2215   if (os::obsolete_option(option)) {
2216     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2217                 "Obsolete %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2218       option->optionString);
2219     return false;
2220   } else {
2221     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2222                 "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2223       option->optionString);
2224     return true;
2225   }
2226 }
2227 
2228 static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
2229   "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", 0
2230 };
2231 
2232 static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
2233   "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", 0
2234 };
2235 
2236 bool Arguments::parse_uintx(const char* value,
2237                             uintx* uintx_arg,
2238                             uintx min_size) {
2239 
2240   // Check the sign first since atojulong() parses only unsigned values.
2241   bool value_is_positive = !(*value == '-');
2242 
2243   if (value_is_positive) {
2244     julong n;
2245     bool good_return = atojulong(value, &n);
2246     if (good_return) {
2247       bool above_minimum = n >= min_size;
2248       bool value_is_too_large = n > max_uintx;
2249 
2250       if (above_minimum && !value_is_too_large) {
2251         *uintx_arg = n;
2252         return true;
2253       }
2254     }
2255   }
2256   return false;
2257 }
2258 
2259 unsigned int addreads_count = 0;
2260 unsigned int addexports_count = 0;
2261 unsigned int addopens_count = 0;
2262 unsigned int addmods_count = 0;
2263 unsigned int patch_mod_count = 0;
2264 
2265 bool Arguments::create_property(const char* prop_name, const char* prop_value, PropertyInternal internal) {
2266   size_t prop_len = strlen(prop_name) + strlen(prop_value) + 2;
2267   char* property = AllocateHeap(prop_len, mtArguments);
2268   int ret = jio_snprintf(property, prop_len, "%s=%s", prop_name, prop_value);
2269   if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)prop_len) {
2270     FreeHeap(property);
2271     return false;
2272   }
2273   bool added = add_property(property, UnwriteableProperty, internal);
2274   FreeHeap(property);
2275   return added;
2276 }
2277 
2278 bool Arguments::create_numbered_property(const char* prop_base_name, const char* prop_value, unsigned int count) {
2279   const unsigned int props_count_limit = 1000;
2280   const int max_digits = 3;
2281   const int extra_symbols_count = 3; // includes '.', '=', '\0'
2282 
2283   // Make sure count is < props_count_limit. Otherwise, memory allocation will be too small.
2284   if (count < props_count_limit) {
2285     size_t prop_len = strlen(prop_base_name) + strlen(prop_value) + max_digits + extra_symbols_count;
2286     char* property = AllocateHeap(prop_len, mtArguments);
2287     int ret = jio_snprintf(property, prop_len, "%s.%d=%s", prop_base_name, count, prop_value);
2288     if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)prop_len) {
2289       FreeHeap(property);
2290       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "Failed to create property %s.%d=%s\n", prop_base_name, count, prop_value);
2291       return false;
2292     }
2293     bool added = add_property(property, UnwriteableProperty, InternalProperty);
2294     FreeHeap(property);
2295     return added;
2296   }
2297 
2298   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "Property count limit exceeded: %s, limit=%d\n", prop_base_name, props_count_limit);
2299   return false;
2300 }
2301 
2302 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
2303                                                   julong* long_arg,
2304                                                   julong min_size,
2305                                                   julong max_size) {
2306   if (!atojulong(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
2307   return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size, max_size);
2308 }
2309 
2310 // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
2311 
2312 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs *java_tool_options_args,
2313                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *java_options_args,
2314                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *cmd_line_args) {
2315   bool patch_mod_javabase = false;
2316 
2317   // Save default settings for some mode flags
2318   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
2319   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
2320   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
2321   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
2322   if (TieredCompilation) {
2323     Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
2324     Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold = Tier4InvocationThreshold;
2325   }
2326 
2327   // Setup flags for mixed which is the default
2328   set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2329 
2330   // Parse args structure generated from JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment
2331   // variable (if present).
2332   jint result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(java_tool_options_args, &patch_mod_javabase, Flag::ENVIRON_VAR);
2333   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2334     return result;
2335   }
2336 
2337   // Parse args structure generated from the command line flags.
2338   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(cmd_line_args, &patch_mod_javabase, Flag::COMMAND_LINE);
2339   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2340     return result;
2341   }
2342 
2343   // Parse args structure generated from the _JAVA_OPTIONS environment
2344   // variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
2345   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(java_options_args, &patch_mod_javabase, Flag::ENVIRON_VAR);
2346   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2347     return result;
2348   }
2349 
2350   // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
2351   result = finalize_vm_init_args(patch_mod_javabase);
2352   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2353     return result;
2354   }
2355 
2356   return JNI_OK;
2357 }
2358 
2359 // Checks if name in command-line argument -agent{lib,path}:name[=options]
2360 // represents a valid JDWP agent.  is_path==true denotes that we
2361 // are dealing with -agentpath (case where name is a path), otherwise with
2362 // -agentlib
2363 bool valid_jdwp_agent(char *name, bool is_path) {
2364   char *_name;
2365   const char *_jdwp = "jdwp";
2366   size_t _len_jdwp, _len_prefix;
2367 
2368   if (is_path) {
2369     if ((_name = strrchr(name, (int) *os::file_separator())) == NULL) {
2370       return false;
2371     }
2372 
2373     _name++;  // skip past last path separator
2374     _len_prefix = strlen(JNI_LIB_PREFIX);
2375 
2376     if (strncmp(_name, JNI_LIB_PREFIX, _len_prefix) != 0) {
2377       return false;
2378     }
2379 
2380     _name += _len_prefix;
2381     _len_jdwp = strlen(_jdwp);
2382 
2383     if (strncmp(_name, _jdwp, _len_jdwp) == 0) {
2384       _name += _len_jdwp;
2385     }
2386     else {
2387       return false;
2388     }
2389 
2390     if (strcmp(_name, JNI_LIB_SUFFIX) != 0) {
2391       return false;
2392     }
2393 
2394     return true;
2395   }
2396 
2397   if (strcmp(name, _jdwp) == 0) {
2398     return true;
2399   }
2400 
2401   return false;
2402 }
2403 
2404 int Arguments::process_patch_mod_option(const char* patch_mod_tail, bool* patch_mod_javabase) {
2405   // --patch-module=<module>=<file>(<pathsep><file>)*
2406   assert(patch_mod_tail != NULL, "Unexpected NULL patch-module value");
2407   // Find the equal sign between the module name and the path specification
2408   const char* module_equal = strchr(patch_mod_tail, '=');
2409   if (module_equal == NULL) {
2410     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "Missing '=' in --patch-module specification\n");
2411     return JNI_ERR;
2412   } else {
2413     // Pick out the module name
2414     size_t module_len = module_equal - patch_mod_tail;
2415     char* module_name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, module_len+1, mtArguments);
2416     if (module_name != NULL) {
2417       memcpy(module_name, patch_mod_tail, module_len);
2418       *(module_name + module_len) = '\0';
2419       // The path piece begins one past the module_equal sign
2420       add_patch_mod_prefix(module_name, module_equal + 1, patch_mod_javabase);
2421       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, module_name);
2422       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.patch", patch_mod_tail, patch_mod_count++)) {
2423         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2424       }
2425     } else {
2426       return JNI_ENOMEM;
2427     }
2428   }
2429   return JNI_OK;
2430 }
2431 
2432 // Parse -Xss memory string parameter and convert to ThreadStackSize in K.
2433 jint Arguments::parse_xss(const JavaVMOption* option, const char* tail, intx* out_ThreadStackSize) {
2434   // The min and max sizes match the values in globals.hpp, but scaled
2435   // with K. The values have been chosen so that alignment with page
2436   // size doesn't change the max value, which makes the conversions
2437   // back and forth between Xss value and ThreadStackSize value easier.
2438   // The values have also been chosen to fit inside a 32-bit signed type.
2439   const julong min_ThreadStackSize = 0;
2440   const julong max_ThreadStackSize = 1 * M;
2441 
2442   const julong min_size = min_ThreadStackSize * K;
2443   const julong max_size = max_ThreadStackSize * K;
2444 
2445   assert(is_aligned(max_size, os::vm_page_size()), "Implementation assumption");
2446 
2447   julong size = 0;
2448   ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &size, min_size, max_size);
2449   if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2450     bool silent = (option == NULL); // Allow testing to silence error messages
2451     if (!silent) {
2452       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2453                   "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2454       describe_range_error(errcode);
2455     }
2456     return JNI_EINVAL;
2457   }
2458 
2459   // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
2460   const julong size_aligned = align_up(size, K);
2461   assert(size <= size_aligned,
2462          "Overflow: " JULONG_FORMAT " " JULONG_FORMAT,
2463          size, size_aligned);
2464 
2465   const julong size_in_K = size_aligned / K;
2466   assert(size_in_K < (julong)max_intx,
2467          "size_in_K doesn't fit in the type of ThreadStackSize: " JULONG_FORMAT,
2468          size_in_K);
2469 
2470   // Check that code expanding ThreadStackSize to a page aligned number of bytes won't overflow.
2471   const julong max_expanded = align_up(size_in_K * K, os::vm_page_size());
2472   assert(max_expanded < max_uintx && max_expanded >= size_in_K,
2473          "Expansion overflowed: " JULONG_FORMAT " " JULONG_FORMAT,
2474          max_expanded, size_in_K);
2475 
2476   *out_ThreadStackSize = (intx)size_in_K;
2477 
2478   return JNI_OK;
2479 }
2480 
2481 jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args, bool* patch_mod_javabase, Flag::Flags origin) {
2482   // For match_option to return remaining or value part of option string
2483   const char* tail;
2484 
2485   // iterate over arguments
2486   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2487     bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
2488 
2489     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
2490 
2491     if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
2492         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
2493         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
2494 
2495         // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
2496         // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
2497         // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
2498         // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
2499         // string constant object.
2500         build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
2501     }
2502 
2503     // -verbose:[class/module/gc/jni]
2504     if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
2505       if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
2506         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, load));
2507         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, unload));
2508       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":module")) {
2509         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(module, load));
2510         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(module, unload));
2511       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
2512         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(gc));
2513       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2514         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintJNIResolving, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2515           return JNI_EINVAL;
2516         }
2517       }
2518     // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
2519     // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
2520     // -da:java.lang.Thread.
2521     } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
2522       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2523       if (*tail == '\0') {
2524         JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
2525       } else {
2526         assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
2527         JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
2528       }
2529     // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
2530     } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
2531       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2532       JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
2533     // -bootclasspath:
2534     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
2535         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2536           "-Xbootclasspath is no longer a supported option.\n");
2537         return JNI_EINVAL;
2538     // -bootclasspath/a:
2539     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
2540       Arguments::append_sysclasspath(tail);
2541     // -bootclasspath/p:
2542     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
2543         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2544           "-Xbootclasspath/p is no longer a supported option.\n");
2545         return JNI_EINVAL;
2546     // -Xrun
2547     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
2548       if (tail != NULL) {
2549         const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
2550         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2551         char* name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtArguments);
2552         jio_snprintf(name, len + 1, "%s", tail);
2553 
2554         char *options = NULL;
2555         if(pos != NULL) {
2556           size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
2557           options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2, mtArguments), pos+1, len2);
2558         }
2559 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2560         if (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0) {
2561           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2562             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2563           return JNI_ERR;
2564         }
2565 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2566         add_init_library(name, options);
2567       }
2568     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-reads=", &tail)) {
2569       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addreads", tail, addreads_count++)) {
2570         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2571       }
2572     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-exports=", &tail)) {
2573       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addexports", tail, addexports_count++)) {
2574         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2575       }
2576     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-opens=", &tail)) {
2577       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addopens", tail, addopens_count++)) {
2578         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2579       }
2580     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-modules=", &tail)) {
2581       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", tail, addmods_count++)) {
2582         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2583       }
2584     } else if (match_option(option, "--limit-modules=", &tail)) {
2585       if (!create_property("jdk.module.limitmods", tail, InternalProperty)) {
2586         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2587       }
2588     } else if (match_option(option, "--module-path=", &tail)) {
2589       if (!create_property("jdk.module.path", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2590         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2591       }
2592     } else if (match_option(option, "--upgrade-module-path=", &tail)) {
2593       if (!create_property("jdk.module.upgrade.path", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2594         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2595       }
2596     } else if (match_option(option, "--patch-module=", &tail)) {
2597       // --patch-module=<module>=<file>(<pathsep><file>)*
2598       int res = process_patch_mod_option(tail, patch_mod_javabase);
2599       if (res != JNI_OK) {
2600         return res;
2601       }
2602     } else if (match_option(option, "--illegal-access=", &tail)) {
2603       if (!create_property("jdk.module.illegalAccess", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2604         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2605       }
2606     // -agentlib and -agentpath
2607     } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
2608           (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
2609       if(tail != NULL) {
2610         const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
2611         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2612         char* name = strncpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtArguments), tail, len);
2613         name[len] = '\0';
2614 
2615         char *options = NULL;
2616         if(pos != NULL) {
2617           options = os::strdup_check_oom(pos + 1, mtArguments);
2618         }
2619 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2620         if (valid_jdwp_agent(name, is_absolute_path)) {
2621           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2622             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2623           return JNI_ERR;
2624         }
2625 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2626         add_init_agent(name, options, is_absolute_path);
2627       }
2628     // -javaagent
2629     } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
2630 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2631       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2632         "Instrumentation agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2633       return JNI_ERR;
2634 #else
2635       if (tail != NULL) {
2636         size_t length = strlen(tail) + 1;
2637         char *options = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtArguments);
2638         jio_snprintf(options, length, "%s", tail);
2639         add_init_agent("instrument", options, false);
2640         // java agents need module java.instrument
2641         if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", "java.instrument", addmods_count++)) {
2642           return JNI_ENOMEM;
2643         }
2644       }
2645 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2646     // -Xnoclassgc
2647     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc")) {
2648       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ClassUnloading, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2649         return JNI_EINVAL;
2650       }
2651     // -Xconcgc
2652     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcgc")) {
2653       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2654         return JNI_EINVAL;
2655       }
2656       handle_extra_cms_flags("-Xconcgc uses UseConcMarkSweepGC");
2657     // -Xnoconcgc
2658     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoconcgc")) {
2659       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2660         return JNI_EINVAL;
2661       }
2662       handle_extra_cms_flags("-Xnoconcgc uses UseConcMarkSweepGC");
2663     // -Xbatch
2664     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch")) {
2665       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2666         return JNI_EINVAL;
2667       }
2668     // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
2669     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
2670       julong long_initial_young_size = 0;
2671       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_young_size, 1);
2672       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2673         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2674                     "Invalid initial young generation size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2675         describe_range_error(errcode);
2676         return JNI_EINVAL;
2677       }
2678       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxNewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2679         return JNI_EINVAL;
2680       }
2681       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2682         return JNI_EINVAL;
2683       }
2684     // -Xms
2685     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
2686       julong long_initial_heap_size = 0;
2687       // an initial heap size of 0 means automatically determine
2688       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_heap_size, 0);
2689       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2690         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2691                     "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2692         describe_range_error(errcode);
2693         return JNI_EINVAL;
2694       }
2695       set_min_heap_size((size_t)long_initial_heap_size);
2696       // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2697       // Can be overridden with -XX:InitialHeapSize.
2698       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, InitialHeapSize, (size_t)long_initial_heap_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2699         return JNI_EINVAL;
2700       }
2701     // -Xmx
2702     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail) || match_option(option, "-XX:MaxHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2703       julong long_max_heap_size = 0;
2704       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
2705       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2706         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2707                     "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2708         describe_range_error(errcode);
2709         return JNI_EINVAL;
2710       }
2711       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxHeapSize, (size_t)long_max_heap_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2712         return JNI_EINVAL;
2713       }
2714     // Xmaxf
2715     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
2716       char* err;
2717       int maxf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2718       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2719         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2720                     "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2721                     option->optionString);
2722         return JNI_EINVAL;
2723       } else {
2724         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2725             return JNI_EINVAL;
2726         }
2727       }
2728     // Xminf
2729     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
2730       char* err;
2731       int minf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2732       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2733         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2734                     "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2735                     option->optionString);
2736         return JNI_EINVAL;
2737       } else {
2738         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, minf) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2739           return JNI_EINVAL;
2740         }
2741       }
2742     // -Xss
2743     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
2744       intx value = 0;
2745       jint err = parse_xss(option, tail, &value);
2746       if (err != JNI_OK) {
2747         return err;
2748       }
2749       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, ThreadStackSize, value) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2750         return JNI_EINVAL;
2751       }
2752     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CodeCacheExpansionSize=", &tail)) {
2753       julong long_CodeCacheExpansionSize = 0;
2754       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_CodeCacheExpansionSize, os::vm_page_size());
2755       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2756         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2757                    "Invalid argument: %s. Must be at least %luK.\n", option->optionString,
2758                    os::vm_page_size()/K);
2759         return JNI_EINVAL;
2760       }
2761       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CodeCacheExpansionSize, (uintx)long_CodeCacheExpansionSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2762         return JNI_EINVAL;
2763       }
2764     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail) ||
2765                match_option(option, "-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=", &tail)) {
2766       julong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
2767 
2768       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize, 1);
2769       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2770         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2771                     "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2772         return JNI_EINVAL;
2773       }
2774       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2775         return JNI_EINVAL;
2776       }
2777       // -XX:NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=
2778     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2779       julong long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize = 0;
2780 
2781       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize, 1);
2782       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2783         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2784                     "Invalid maximum non-nmethod code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2785         return JNI_EINVAL;
2786       }
2787       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NonNMethodCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2788         return JNI_EINVAL;
2789       }
2790       // -XX:ProfiledCodeHeapSize=
2791     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ProfiledCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2792       julong long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize = 0;
2793 
2794       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize, 1);
2795       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2796         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2797                     "Invalid maximum profiled code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2798         return JNI_EINVAL;
2799       }
2800       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ProfiledCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2801         return JNI_EINVAL;
2802       }
2803       // -XX:NonProfiledCodeHeapSizee=
2804     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:NonProfiledCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2805       julong long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize = 0;
2806 
2807       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, 1);
2808       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2809         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2810                     "Invalid maximum non-profiled code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2811         return JNI_EINVAL;
2812       }
2813       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2814         return JNI_EINVAL;
2815       }
2816     // -green
2817     } else if (match_option(option, "-green")) {
2818       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2819                   "Green threads support not available\n");
2820           return JNI_EINVAL;
2821     // -native
2822     } else if (match_option(option, "-native")) {
2823           // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
2824     // -Xrs
2825     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs")) {
2826           // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
2827       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ReduceSignalUsage, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2828         return JNI_EINVAL;
2829       }
2830       // -Xprof
2831     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof")) {
2832       char version[256];
2833       // Obsolete in JDK 10
2834       JDK_Version::jdk(10).to_string(version, sizeof(version));
2835       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", option->optionString, version);
2836     // -Xconcurrentio
2837     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcurrentio")) {
2838       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseLWPSynchronization, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2839         return JNI_EINVAL;
2840       }
2841       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2842         return JNI_EINVAL;
2843       }
2844       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, DeferThrSuspendLoopCount, 1) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2845         return JNI_EINVAL;
2846       }
2847       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2848         return JNI_EINVAL;
2849       }
2850       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSizeThreadIncrease, 16 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {  // 20Kb per thread added to new generation
2851         return JNI_EINVAL;
2852       }
2853 
2854       // -Xinternalversion
2855     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion")) {
2856       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
2857                   VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
2858       vm_exit(0);
2859 #ifndef PRODUCT
2860     // -Xprintflags
2861     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags")) {
2862       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
2863       vm_exit(0);
2864 #endif
2865     // -D
2866     } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
2867       const char* value;
2868       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=", &value) &&
2869             *value!= '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2870         // abort if -Djava.endorsed.dirs is set
2871         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2872           "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=%s is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
2873           "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n", value);
2874         return JNI_EINVAL;
2875       }
2876       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.ext.dirs=", &value) &&
2877             *value != '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2878         // abort if -Djava.ext.dirs is set
2879         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2880           "-Djava.ext.dirs=%s is not supported.  Use -classpath instead.\n", value);
2881         return JNI_EINVAL;
2882       }
2883       // Check for module related properties.  They must be set using the modules
2884       // options. For example: use "--add-modules=java.sql", not
2885       // "-Djdk.module.addmods=java.sql"
2886       if (is_internal_module_property(option->optionString + 2)) {
2887         needs_module_property_warning = true;
2888         continue;
2889       }
2890 
2891       if (!add_property(tail)) {
2892         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2893       }
2894       // Out of the box management support
2895       if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
2896 #if INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2897         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ManagementServer, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2898           return JNI_EINVAL;
2899         }
2900         // management agent in module jdk.management.agent
2901         if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", "jdk.management.agent", addmods_count++)) {
2902           return JNI_ENOMEM;
2903         }
2904 #else
2905         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2906           "-Dcom.sun.management is not supported in this VM.\n");
2907         return JNI_ERR;
2908 #endif
2909       }
2910     // -Xint
2911     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint")) {
2912           set_mode_flags(_int);
2913     // -Xmixed
2914     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed")) {
2915           set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2916     // -Xcomp
2917     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp")) {
2918       // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
2919           set_mode_flags(_comp);
2920     // -Xshare:dump
2921     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump")) {
2922       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2923         return JNI_EINVAL;
2924       }
2925       set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
2926     // -Xshare:on
2927     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on")) {
2928       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2929         return JNI_EINVAL;
2930       }
2931       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2932         return JNI_EINVAL;
2933       }
2934     // -Xshare:auto
2935     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto")) {
2936       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2937         return JNI_EINVAL;
2938       }
2939       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2940         return JNI_EINVAL;
2941       }
2942     // -Xshare:off
2943     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off")) {
2944       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2945         return JNI_EINVAL;
2946       }
2947       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2948         return JNI_EINVAL;
2949       }
2950     // -Xverify
2951     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
2952       if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
2953         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2954           return JNI_EINVAL;
2955         }
2956         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2957           return JNI_EINVAL;
2958         }
2959       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
2960         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2961           return JNI_EINVAL;
2962         }
2963         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2964           return JNI_EINVAL;
2965         }
2966       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
2967         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2968           return JNI_EINVAL;
2969         }
2970         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2971           return JNI_EINVAL;
2972         }
2973       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
2974         return JNI_EINVAL;
2975       }
2976     // -Xdebug
2977     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug")) {
2978       // note this flag has been used, then ignore
2979       set_xdebug_mode(true);
2980     // -Xnoagent
2981     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoagent")) {
2982       // For compatibility with classic. HotSpot refuses to load the old style agent.dll.
2983     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
2984       // Deprecated flag to redirect GC output to a file. -Xloggc:<filename>
2985       log_warning(gc)("-Xloggc is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc:%s instead.", tail);
2986       _gc_log_filename = os::strdup_check_oom(tail);
2987     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xlog", &tail)) {
2988       bool ret = false;
2989       if (strcmp(tail, ":help") == 0) {
2990         LogConfiguration::print_command_line_help(defaultStream::output_stream());
2991         vm_exit(0);
2992       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":disable") == 0) {
2993         LogConfiguration::disable_logging();
2994         ret = true;
2995       } else if (*tail == '\0') {
2996         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments();
2997         assert(ret, "-Xlog without arguments should never fail to parse");
2998       } else if (*tail == ':') {
2999         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments(tail + 1);
3000       }
3001       if (ret == false) {
3002         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3003                     "Invalid -Xlog option '-Xlog%s'\n",
3004                     tail);
3005         return JNI_EINVAL;
3006       }
3007     // JNI hooks
3008     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
3009       if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
3010 #if !INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
3011         warning("JNI CHECKING is not supported in this VM");
3012 #else
3013         CheckJNICalls = true;
3014 #endif // INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
3015       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
3016                                      "check")) {
3017         return JNI_EINVAL;
3018       }
3019     } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf")) {
3020       _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3021     } else if (match_option(option, "exit")) {
3022       _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3023     } else if (match_option(option, "abort")) {
3024       _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3025     // -XX:+AggressiveHeap
3026     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AggressiveHeap")) {
3027       jint result = set_aggressive_heap_flags();
3028       if (result != JNI_OK) {
3029           return result;
3030       }
3031     // Need to keep consistency of MaxTenuringThreshold and AlwaysTenure/NeverTenure;
3032     // and the last option wins.
3033     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure")) {
3034       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3035         return JNI_EINVAL;
3036       }
3037       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3038         return JNI_EINVAL;
3039       }
3040       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, markOopDesc::max_age + 1) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3041         return JNI_EINVAL;
3042       }
3043     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure")) {
3044       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3045         return JNI_EINVAL;
3046       }
3047       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3048         return JNI_EINVAL;
3049       }
3050       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, 0) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3051         return JNI_EINVAL;
3052       }
3053     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=", &tail)) {
3054       uintx max_tenuring_thresh = 0;
3055       if (!parse_uintx(tail, &max_tenuring_thresh, 0)) {
3056         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3057                     "Improperly specified VM option \'MaxTenuringThreshold=%s\'\n", tail);
3058         return JNI_EINVAL;
3059       }
3060 
3061       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, max_tenuring_thresh) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3062         return JNI_EINVAL;
3063       }
3064 
3065       if (MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
3066         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3067           return JNI_EINVAL;
3068         }
3069         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3070           return JNI_EINVAL;
3071         }
3072       } else {
3073         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3074           return JNI_EINVAL;
3075         }
3076         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3077           return JNI_EINVAL;
3078         }
3079       }
3080     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr")) {
3081       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3082         return JNI_EINVAL;
3083       }
3084       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3085         return JNI_EINVAL;
3086       }
3087     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout")) {
3088       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3089         return JNI_EINVAL;
3090       }
3091       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3092         return JNI_EINVAL;
3093       }
3094     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ExtendedDTraceProbes")) {
3095 #if defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3096       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExtendedDTraceProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3097         return JNI_EINVAL;
3098       }
3099       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMethodProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3100         return JNI_EINVAL;
3101       }
3102       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceAllocProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3103         return JNI_EINVAL;
3104       }
3105       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMonitorProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3106         return JNI_EINVAL;
3107       }
3108 #else // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3109       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3110                   "ExtendedDTraceProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
3111       return JNI_EINVAL;
3112 #endif // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3113 #ifdef ASSERT
3114     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot")) {
3115       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, FullGCALot, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3116         return JNI_EINVAL;
3117       }
3118       // disable scavenge before parallel mark-compact
3119       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3120         return JNI_EINVAL;
3121       }
3122 #endif
3123 #if !INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3124     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ManagementServer")) {
3125         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3126           "ManagementServer is not supported in this VM.\n");
3127         return JNI_ERR;
3128 #endif // INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3129     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
3130       // Skip -XX:Flags= and -XX:VMOptionsFile= since those cases have
3131       // already been handled
3132       if ((strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) &&
3133           (strncmp(tail, "VMOptionsFile=", strlen("VMOptionsFile=")) != 0)) {
3134         if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
3135           return JNI_EINVAL;
3136         }
3137       }
3138     // Unknown option
3139     } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3140       return JNI_ERR;
3141     }
3142   }
3143 
3144   // PrintSharedArchiveAndExit will turn on
3145   //   -Xshare:on
3146   //   -Xlog:class+path=info
3147   if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
3148     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3149       return JNI_EINVAL;
3150     }
3151     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3152       return JNI_EINVAL;
3153     }
3154     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, path));
3155   }
3156 
3157   // Change the default value for flags  which have different default values
3158   // when working with older JDKs.
3159 #ifdef LINUX
3160  if (JDK_Version::current().compare_major(6) <= 0 &&
3161       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks)) {
3162     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks, false);
3163   }
3164 #endif // LINUX
3165   fix_appclasspath();
3166   return JNI_OK;
3167 }
3168 
3169 void Arguments::add_patch_mod_prefix(const char* module_name, const char* path, bool* patch_mod_javabase) {
3170   // For java.base check for duplicate --patch-module options being specified on the command line.
3171   // This check is only required for java.base, all other duplicate module specifications
3172   // will be checked during module system initialization.  The module system initialization
3173   // will throw an ExceptionInInitializerError if this situation occurs.
3174   if (strcmp(module_name, JAVA_BASE_NAME) == 0) {
3175     if (*patch_mod_javabase) {
3176       vm_exit_during_initialization("Cannot specify " JAVA_BASE_NAME " more than once to --patch-module");
3177     } else {
3178       *patch_mod_javabase = true;
3179     }
3180   }
3181 
3182   // Create GrowableArray lazily, only if --patch-module has been specified
3183   if (_patch_mod_prefix == NULL) {
3184     _patch_mod_prefix = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments) GrowableArray<ModulePatchPath*>(10, true);
3185   }
3186 
3187   _patch_mod_prefix->push(new ModulePatchPath(module_name, path));
3188 }
3189 
3190 // Remove all empty paths from the app classpath (if IgnoreEmptyClassPaths is enabled)
3191 //
3192 // This is necessary because some apps like to specify classpath like -cp foo.jar:${XYZ}:bar.jar
3193 // in their start-up scripts. If XYZ is empty, the classpath will look like "-cp foo.jar::bar.jar".
3194 // Java treats such empty paths as if the user specified "-cp foo.jar:.:bar.jar". I.e., an empty
3195 // path is treated as the current directory.
3196 //
3197 // This causes problems with CDS, which requires that all directories specified in the classpath
3198 // must be empty. In most cases, applications do NOT want to load classes from the current
3199 // directory anyway. Adding -XX:+IgnoreEmptyClassPaths will make these applications' start-up
3200 // scripts compatible with CDS.
3201 void Arguments::fix_appclasspath() {
3202   if (IgnoreEmptyClassPaths) {
3203     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
3204     const char* src = _java_class_path->value();
3205 
3206     // skip over all the leading empty paths
3207     while (*src == separator) {
3208       src ++;
3209     }
3210 
3211     char* copy = os::strdup_check_oom(src, mtArguments);
3212 
3213     // trim all trailing empty paths
3214     for (char* tail = copy + strlen(copy) - 1; tail >= copy && *tail == separator; tail--) {
3215       *tail = '\0';
3216     }
3217 
3218     char from[3] = {separator, separator, '\0'};
3219     char to  [2] = {separator, '\0'};
3220     while (StringUtils::replace_no_expand(copy, from, to) > 0) {
3221       // Keep replacing "::" -> ":" until we have no more "::" (non-windows)
3222       // Keep replacing ";;" -> ";" until we have no more ";;" (windows)
3223     }
3224 
3225     _java_class_path->set_writeable_value(copy);
3226     FreeHeap(copy); // a copy was made by set_value, so don't need this anymore
3227   }
3228 }
3229 
3230 static bool has_jar_files(const char* directory) {
3231   DIR* dir = os::opendir(directory);
3232   if (dir == NULL) return false;
3233 
3234   struct dirent *entry;
3235   char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(directory), mtArguments);
3236   bool hasJarFile = false;
3237   while (!hasJarFile && (entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
3238     const char* name = entry->d_name;
3239     const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
3240     hasJarFile = ext > name && (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0);
3241   }
3242   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf);
3243   os::closedir(dir);
3244   return hasJarFile ;
3245 }
3246 
3247 static int check_non_empty_dirs(const char* path) {
3248   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
3249   const char* const end = path + strlen(path);
3250   int nonEmptyDirs = 0;
3251   while (path < end) {
3252     const char* tmp_end = strchr(path, separator);
3253     if (tmp_end == NULL) {
3254       if (has_jar_files(path)) {
3255         nonEmptyDirs++;
3256         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3257           "Non-empty directory: %s\n", path);
3258       }
3259       path = end;
3260     } else {
3261       char* dirpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, tmp_end - path + 1, mtArguments);
3262       memcpy(dirpath, path, tmp_end - path);
3263       dirpath[tmp_end - path] = '\0';
3264       if (has_jar_files(dirpath)) {
3265         nonEmptyDirs++;
3266         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3267           "Non-empty directory: %s\n", dirpath);
3268       }
3269       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dirpath);
3270       path = tmp_end + 1;
3271     }
3272   }
3273   return nonEmptyDirs;
3274 }
3275 
3276 jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args(bool patch_mod_javabase) {
3277   // check if the default lib/endorsed directory exists; if so, error
3278   char path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3279   const char* fileSep = os::file_separator();
3280   jio_snprintf(path, JVM_MAXPATHLEN, "%s%slib%sendorsed", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3281 
3282   if (CheckEndorsedAndExtDirs) {
3283     int nonEmptyDirs = 0;
3284     // check endorsed directory
3285     nonEmptyDirs += check_non_empty_dirs(path);
3286     // check the extension directories
3287     nonEmptyDirs += check_non_empty_dirs(Arguments::get_ext_dirs());
3288     if (nonEmptyDirs > 0) {
3289       return JNI_ERR;
3290     }
3291   }
3292 
3293   DIR* dir = os::opendir(path);
3294   if (dir != NULL) {
3295     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3296       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/endorsed is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
3297       "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n");
3298     os::closedir(dir);
3299     return JNI_ERR;
3300   }
3301 
3302   jio_snprintf(path, JVM_MAXPATHLEN, "%s%slib%sext", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3303   dir = os::opendir(path);
3304   if (dir != NULL) {
3305     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3306       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/ext exists, extensions mechanism no longer supported; "
3307       "Use -classpath instead.\n.");
3308     os::closedir(dir);
3309     return JNI_ERR;
3310   }
3311 
3312   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed.
3313   // java_compiler() true means set to "NONE" or empty.
3314   if (java_compiler() && !xdebug_mode()) {
3315     // For backwards compatibility, we switch to interpreted mode if
3316     // -Djava.compiler="NONE" or "" is specified AND "-Xdebug" was
3317     // not specified.
3318     set_mode_flags(_int);
3319   }
3320 
3321   // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is same as -Xint: Disable compilation (enable interpreter-only mode),
3322   // but like -Xint, leave compilation thresholds unaffected.
3323   // With tiered compilation disabled, setting CompileThreshold to 0 disables compilation as well.
3324   if ((CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0) || (!TieredCompilation && CompileThreshold == 0)) {
3325     set_mode_flags(_int);
3326   }
3327 
3328   // eventually fix up InitialTenuringThreshold if only MaxTenuringThreshold is set
3329   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialTenuringThreshold) && (InitialTenuringThreshold > MaxTenuringThreshold)) {
3330     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialTenuringThreshold, MaxTenuringThreshold);
3331   }
3332 
3333 #if !defined(COMPILER2) && !INCLUDE_JVMCI
3334   // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
3335   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
3336       MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
3337     // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
3338     // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
3339     // Java heap and the code cache.
3340     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
3341   }
3342 
3343 #elif defined(COMPILER2)
3344   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OptoLoopAlignment) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad)) {
3345     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad, OptoLoopAlignment-1);
3346   }
3347 #endif
3348 
3349 #if !defined(COMPILER2) && !INCLUDE_JVMCI
3350   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(ProfileInterpreter);
3351   NOT_PRODUCT(UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TraceProfileInterpreter));
3352 #endif
3353 
3354 #ifndef TIERED
3355   // Tiered compilation is undefined.
3356   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TieredCompilation);
3357 #endif
3358 
3359 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
3360   if (EnableJVMCI &&
3361       !create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", "jdk.internal.vm.ci", addmods_count++)) {
3362     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3363   }
3364 #endif
3365 
3366   // If we are running in a headless jre, force java.awt.headless property
3367   // to be true unless the property has already been set.
3368   // Also allow the OS environment variable JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS to set headless state.
3369   if (os::is_headless_jre()) {
3370     const char* headless = Arguments::get_property("java.awt.headless");
3371     if (headless == NULL) {
3372       const char *headless_env = ::getenv("JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS");
3373       if (headless_env == NULL) {
3374         if (!add_property("java.awt.headless=true")) {
3375           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3376         }
3377       } else {
3378         char buffer[256];
3379         jio_snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "java.awt.headless=%s", headless_env);
3380         if (!add_property(buffer)) {
3381           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3382         }
3383       }
3384     }
3385   }
3386 
3387   if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
3388     return JNI_ERR;
3389   }
3390 
3391 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
3392   if (UseJVMCICompiler) {
3393     Compilation_mode = CompMode_server;
3394   }
3395 #endif
3396 
3397 #if INCLUDE_CDS
3398   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3399     // Disable biased locking now as it interferes with the clean up of
3400     // the archived Klasses and Java string objects (at dump time only).
3401     UseBiasedLocking = false;
3402   }
3403   if (UseSharedSpaces && patch_mod_javabase) {
3404     no_shared_spaces("CDS is disabled when " JAVA_BASE_NAME " module is patched.");
3405   }
3406 #endif
3407 
3408   return JNI_OK;
3409 }
3410 
3411 // Helper class for controlling the lifetime of JavaVMInitArgs
3412 // objects.  The contents of the JavaVMInitArgs are guaranteed to be
3413 // deleted on the destruction of the ScopedVMInitArgs object.
3414 class ScopedVMInitArgs : public StackObj {
3415  private:
3416   JavaVMInitArgs _args;
3417   char*          _container_name;
3418   bool           _is_set;
3419   char*          _vm_options_file_arg;
3420 
3421  public:
3422   ScopedVMInitArgs(const char *container_name) {
3423     _args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
3424     _args.nOptions = 0;
3425     _args.options = NULL;
3426     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = false;
3427     _container_name = (char *)container_name;
3428     _is_set = false;
3429     _vm_options_file_arg = NULL;
3430   }
3431 
3432   // Populates the JavaVMInitArgs object represented by this
3433   // ScopedVMInitArgs object with the arguments in options.  The
3434   // allocated memory is deleted by the destructor.  If this method
3435   // returns anything other than JNI_OK, then this object is in a
3436   // partially constructed state, and should be abandoned.
3437   jint set_args(GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>* options) {
3438     _is_set = true;
3439     JavaVMOption* options_arr = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(
3440         JavaVMOption, options->length(), mtArguments);
3441     if (options_arr == NULL) {
3442       return JNI_ENOMEM;
3443     }
3444     _args.options = options_arr;
3445 
3446     for (int i = 0; i < options->length(); i++) {
3447       options_arr[i] = options->at(i);
3448       options_arr[i].optionString = os::strdup(options_arr[i].optionString);
3449       if (options_arr[i].optionString == NULL) {
3450         // Rely on the destructor to do cleanup.
3451         _args.nOptions = i;
3452         return JNI_ENOMEM;
3453       }
3454     }
3455 
3456     _args.nOptions = options->length();
3457     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions;
3458     return JNI_OK;
3459   }
3460 
3461   JavaVMInitArgs* get()             { return &_args; }
3462   char* container_name()            { return _container_name; }
3463   bool  is_set()                    { return _is_set; }
3464   bool  found_vm_options_file_arg() { return _vm_options_file_arg != NULL; }
3465   char* vm_options_file_arg()       { return _vm_options_file_arg; }
3466 
3467   void set_vm_options_file_arg(const char *vm_options_file_arg) {
3468     if (_vm_options_file_arg != NULL) {
3469       os::free(_vm_options_file_arg);
3470     }
3471     _vm_options_file_arg = os::strdup_check_oom(vm_options_file_arg);
3472   }
3473 
3474   ~ScopedVMInitArgs() {
3475     if (_vm_options_file_arg != NULL) {
3476       os::free(_vm_options_file_arg);
3477     }
3478     if (_args.options == NULL) return;
3479     for (int i = 0; i < _args.nOptions; i++) {
3480       os::free(_args.options[i].optionString);
3481     }
3482     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(JavaVMOption, _args.options);
3483   }
3484 
3485   // Insert options into this option list, to replace option at
3486   // vm_options_file_pos (-XX:VMOptionsFile)
3487   jint insert(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3488               const JavaVMInitArgs* args_to_insert,
3489               const int vm_options_file_pos) {
3490     assert(_args.options == NULL, "shouldn't be set yet");
3491     assert(args_to_insert->nOptions != 0, "there should be args to insert");
3492     assert(vm_options_file_pos != -1, "vm_options_file_pos should be set");
3493 
3494     int length = args->nOptions + args_to_insert->nOptions - 1;
3495     GrowableArray<JavaVMOption> *options = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments)
3496               GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>(length, true);    // Construct new option array
3497     for (int i = 0; i < args->nOptions; i++) {
3498       if (i == vm_options_file_pos) {
3499         // insert the new options starting at the same place as the
3500         // -XX:VMOptionsFile option
3501         for (int j = 0; j < args_to_insert->nOptions; j++) {
3502           options->push(args_to_insert->options[j]);
3503         }
3504       } else {
3505         options->push(args->options[i]);
3506       }
3507     }
3508     // make into options array
3509     jint result = set_args(options);
3510     delete options;
3511     return result;
3512   }
3513 };
3514 
3515 jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3516   return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", args);
3517 }
3518 
3519 jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3520   return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", args);
3521 }
3522 
3523 jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name,
3524                                                    ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3525   char *buffer = ::getenv(name);
3526 
3527   // Don't check this environment variable if user has special privileges
3528   // (e.g. unix su command).
3529   if (buffer == NULL || os::have_special_privileges()) {
3530     return JNI_OK;
3531   }
3532 
3533   if ((buffer = os::strdup(buffer)) == NULL) {
3534     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3535   }
3536 
3537   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3538               "Picked up %s: %s\n", name, buffer);
3539 
3540   int retcode = parse_options_buffer(name, buffer, strlen(buffer), vm_args);
3541 
3542   os::free(buffer);
3543   return retcode;
3544 }
3545 
3546 jint Arguments::parse_vm_options_file(const char* file_name, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3547   // read file into buffer
3548   int fd = ::open(file_name, O_RDONLY);
3549   if (fd < 0) {
3550     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3551                 "Could not open options file '%s'\n",
3552                 file_name);
3553     return JNI_ERR;
3554   }
3555 
3556   struct stat stbuf;
3557   int retcode = os::stat(file_name, &stbuf);
3558   if (retcode != 0) {
3559     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3560                 "Could not stat options file '%s'\n",
3561                 file_name);
3562     os::close(fd);
3563     return JNI_ERR;
3564   }
3565 
3566   if (stbuf.st_size == 0) {
3567     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3568     os::close(fd);
3569     return JNI_OK;
3570   }
3571 
3572   // '+ 1' for NULL termination even with max bytes
3573   size_t bytes_alloc = stbuf.st_size + 1;
3574 
3575   char *buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, bytes_alloc, mtArguments);
3576   if (NULL == buf) {
3577     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3578                 "Could not allocate read buffer for options file parse\n");
3579     os::close(fd);
3580     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3581   }
3582 
3583   memset(buf, 0, bytes_alloc);
3584 
3585   // Fill buffer
3586   // Use ::read() instead of os::read because os::read()
3587   // might do a thread state transition
3588   // and it is too early for that here
3589 
3590   ssize_t bytes_read = ::read(fd, (void *)buf, (unsigned)bytes_alloc);
3591   os::close(fd);
3592   if (bytes_read < 0) {
3593     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3594     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3595                 "Could not read options file '%s'\n", file_name);
3596     return JNI_ERR;
3597   }
3598 
3599   if (bytes_read == 0) {
3600     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3601     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3602     return JNI_OK;
3603   }
3604 
3605   retcode = parse_options_buffer(file_name, buf, bytes_read, vm_args);
3606 
3607   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3608   return retcode;
3609 }
3610 
3611 jint Arguments::parse_options_buffer(const char* name, char* buffer, const size_t buf_len, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3612   GrowableArray<JavaVMOption> *options = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments) GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>(2, true);    // Construct option array
3613 
3614   // some pointers to help with parsing
3615   char *buffer_end = buffer + buf_len;
3616   char *opt_hd = buffer;
3617   char *wrt = buffer;
3618   char *rd = buffer;
3619 
3620   // parse all options
3621   while (rd < buffer_end) {
3622     // skip leading white space from the input string
3623     while (rd < buffer_end && isspace(*rd)) {
3624       rd++;
3625     }
3626 
3627     if (rd >= buffer_end) {
3628       break;
3629     }
3630 
3631     // Remember this is where we found the head of the token.
3632     opt_hd = wrt;
3633 
3634     // Tokens are strings of non white space characters separated
3635     // by one or more white spaces.
3636     while (rd < buffer_end && !isspace(*rd)) {
3637       if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
3638         int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
3639         rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
3640         while (rd < buffer_end && *rd != quote) {
3641                                             // include everything (even spaces)
3642                                             // up until the close quote
3643           *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
3644         }
3645 
3646         if (rd < buffer_end) {
3647           rd++;                             // don't copy close quote
3648         } else {
3649                                             // did not see closing quote
3650           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3651                       "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
3652           delete options;
3653           return JNI_ERR;
3654         }
3655       } else {
3656         *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
3657       }
3658     }
3659 
3660     // steal a white space character and set it to NULL
3661     *wrt++ = '\0';
3662     // We now have a complete token
3663 
3664     JavaVMOption option;
3665     option.optionString = opt_hd;
3666     option.extraInfo = NULL;
3667 
3668     options->append(option);                // Fill in option
3669 
3670     rd++;  // Advance to next character
3671   }
3672 
3673   // Fill out JavaVMInitArgs structure.
3674   jint status = vm_args->set_args(options);
3675 
3676   delete options;
3677   return status;
3678 }
3679 
3680 void Arguments::set_shared_spaces_flags() {
3681   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3682     if (FailOverToOldVerifier) {
3683       // Don't fall back to the old verifier on verification failure. If a
3684       // class fails verification with the split verifier, it might fail the
3685       // CDS runtime verifier constraint check. In that case, we don't want
3686       // to share the class. We only archive classes that pass the split verifier.
3687       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(FailOverToOldVerifier, false);
3688     }
3689 
3690     if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
3691       warning("Cannot dump shared archive while using shared archive");
3692     }
3693     UseSharedSpaces = false;
3694 #ifdef _LP64
3695     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3696       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3697         "Cannot dump shared archive when UseCompressedOops or UseCompressedClassPointers is off.", NULL);
3698     }
3699   } else {
3700     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3701       no_shared_spaces("UseCompressedOops and UseCompressedClassPointers must be on for UseSharedSpaces.");
3702     }
3703 #endif
3704   }
3705 }
3706 
3707 // Sharing support
3708 // Construct the path to the archive
3709 static char* get_shared_archive_path() {
3710   char *shared_archive_path;
3711   if (SharedArchiveFile == NULL) {
3712     char jvm_path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3713     os::jvm_path(jvm_path, sizeof(jvm_path));
3714     char *end = strrchr(jvm_path, *os::file_separator());
3715     if (end != NULL) *end = '\0';
3716     size_t jvm_path_len = strlen(jvm_path);
3717     size_t file_sep_len = strlen(os::file_separator());
3718     const size_t len = jvm_path_len + file_sep_len + 20;
3719     shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtArguments);
3720     if (shared_archive_path != NULL) {
3721       jio_snprintf(shared_archive_path, len, "%s%sclasses.jsa",
3722         jvm_path, os::file_separator());
3723     }
3724   } else {
3725     shared_archive_path = os::strdup_check_oom(SharedArchiveFile, mtArguments);
3726   }
3727   return shared_archive_path;
3728 }
3729 
3730 #ifndef PRODUCT
3731 // Determine whether LogVMOutput should be implicitly turned on.
3732 static bool use_vm_log() {
3733   if (LogCompilation || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogFile) ||
3734       PrintCompilation || PrintInlining || PrintDependencies || PrintNativeNMethods ||
3735       PrintDebugInfo || PrintRelocations || PrintNMethods || PrintExceptionHandlers ||
3736       PrintAssembly || TraceDeoptimization || TraceDependencies ||
3737       (VerifyDependencies && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(VerifyDependencies))) {
3738     return true;
3739   }
3740 
3741 #ifdef COMPILER1
3742   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
3743     return true;
3744   }
3745 #endif // COMPILER1
3746 
3747 #ifdef COMPILER2
3748   if (PrintOptoAssembly || PrintOptoStatistics) {
3749     return true;
3750   }
3751 #endif // COMPILER2
3752 
3753   return false;
3754 }
3755 
3756 #endif // PRODUCT
3757 
3758 bool Arguments::args_contains_vm_options_file_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
3759   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3760     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3761     const char* tail;
3762     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3763       return true;
3764     }
3765   }
3766   return false;
3767 }
3768 
3769 jint Arguments::insert_vm_options_file(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3770                                        const char* vm_options_file,
3771                                        const int vm_options_file_pos,
3772                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_options_file_args,
3773                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3774   jint code = parse_vm_options_file(vm_options_file, vm_options_file_args);
3775   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3776     return code;
3777   }
3778 
3779   if (vm_options_file_args->get()->nOptions < 1) {
3780     return JNI_OK;
3781   }
3782 
3783   if (args_contains_vm_options_file_arg(vm_options_file_args->get())) {
3784     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3785                 "A VM options file may not refer to a VM options file. "
3786                 "Specification of '-XX:VMOptionsFile=<file-name>' in the "
3787                 "options file '%s' in options container '%s' is an error.\n",
3788                 vm_options_file_args->vm_options_file_arg(),
3789                 vm_options_file_args->container_name());
3790     return JNI_EINVAL;
3791   }
3792 
3793   return args_out->insert(args, vm_options_file_args->get(),
3794                           vm_options_file_pos);
3795 }
3796 
3797 // Expand -XX:VMOptionsFile found in args_in as needed.
3798 // mod_args and args_out parameters may return values as needed.
3799 jint Arguments::expand_vm_options_as_needed(const JavaVMInitArgs* args_in,
3800                                             ScopedVMInitArgs* mod_args,
3801                                             JavaVMInitArgs** args_out) {
3802   jint code = match_special_option_and_act(args_in, mod_args);
3803   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3804     return code;
3805   }
3806 
3807   if (mod_args->is_set()) {
3808     // args_in contains -XX:VMOptionsFile and mod_args contains the
3809     // original options from args_in along with the options expanded
3810     // from the VMOptionsFile. Return a short-hand to the caller.
3811     *args_out = mod_args->get();
3812   } else {
3813     *args_out = (JavaVMInitArgs *)args_in;  // no changes so use args_in
3814   }
3815   return JNI_OK;
3816 }
3817 
3818 jint Arguments::match_special_option_and_act(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3819                                              ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3820   // Remaining part of option string
3821   const char* tail;
3822   ScopedVMInitArgs vm_options_file_args(args_out->container_name());
3823 
3824   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3825     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3826     if (ArgumentsExt::process_options(option)) {
3827       continue;
3828     }
3829     if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
3830       Arguments::set_jvm_flags_file(tail);
3831       continue;
3832     }
3833     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3834       if (vm_options_file_args.found_vm_options_file_arg()) {
3835         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3836                     "The option '%s' is already specified in the options "
3837                     "container '%s' so the specification of '%s' in the "
3838                     "same options container is an error.\n",
3839                     vm_options_file_args.vm_options_file_arg(),
3840                     vm_options_file_args.container_name(),
3841                     option->optionString);
3842         return JNI_EINVAL;
3843       }
3844       vm_options_file_args.set_vm_options_file_arg(option->optionString);
3845       // If there's a VMOptionsFile, parse that
3846       jint code = insert_vm_options_file(args, tail, index,
3847                                          &vm_options_file_args, args_out);
3848       if (code != JNI_OK) {
3849         return code;
3850       }
3851       args_out->set_vm_options_file_arg(vm_options_file_args.vm_options_file_arg());
3852       if (args_out->is_set()) {
3853         // The VMOptions file inserted some options so switch 'args'
3854         // to the new set of options, and continue processing which
3855         // preserves "last option wins" semantics.
3856         args = args_out->get();
3857         // The first option from the VMOptionsFile replaces the
3858         // current option.  So we back track to process the
3859         // replacement option.
3860         index--;
3861       }
3862       continue;
3863     }
3864     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions")) {
3865       PrintVMOptions = true;
3866       continue;
3867     }
3868     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintVMOptions")) {
3869       PrintVMOptions = false;
3870       continue;
3871     }
3872     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3873       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = true;
3874       continue;
3875     }
3876     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3877       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = false;
3878       continue;
3879     }
3880     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsInitial")) {
3881       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
3882       vm_exit(0);
3883     }
3884     if (match_option(option, "-XX:NativeMemoryTracking", &tail)) {
3885 #if INCLUDE_NMT
3886       // The launcher did not setup nmt environment variable properly.
3887       if (!MemTracker::check_launcher_nmt_support(tail)) {
3888         warning("Native Memory Tracking did not setup properly, using wrong launcher?");
3889       }
3890 
3891       // Verify if nmt option is valid.
3892       if (MemTracker::verify_nmt_option()) {
3893         // Late initialization, still in single-threaded mode.
3894         if (MemTracker::tracking_level() >= NMT_summary) {
3895           MemTracker::init();
3896         }
3897       } else {
3898         vm_exit_during_initialization("Syntax error, expecting -XX:NativeMemoryTracking=[off|summary|detail]", NULL);
3899       }
3900       continue;
3901 #else
3902       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3903         "Native Memory Tracking is not supported in this VM\n");
3904       return JNI_ERR;
3905 #endif
3906     }
3907 
3908 #ifndef PRODUCT
3909     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsWithComments")) {
3910       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, true);
3911       vm_exit(0);
3912     }
3913 #endif
3914   }
3915   return JNI_OK;
3916 }
3917 
3918 static void print_options(const JavaVMInitArgs *args) {
3919   const char* tail;
3920   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3921     const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
3922     if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
3923       logOption(tail);
3924     }
3925   }
3926 }
3927 
3928 bool Arguments::handle_deprecated_print_gc_flags() {
3929   if (PrintGC) {
3930     log_warning(gc)("-XX:+PrintGC is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc instead.");
3931   }
3932   if (PrintGCDetails) {
3933     log_warning(gc)("-XX:+PrintGCDetails is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc* instead.");
3934   }
3935 
3936   if (_gc_log_filename != NULL) {
3937     // -Xloggc was used to specify a filename
3938     const char* gc_conf = PrintGCDetails ? "gc*" : "gc";
3939 
3940     LogTarget(Error, logging) target;
3941     LogStream errstream(target);
3942     return LogConfiguration::parse_log_arguments(_gc_log_filename, gc_conf, NULL, NULL, &errstream);
3943   } else if (PrintGC || PrintGCDetails) {
3944     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, !PrintGCDetails, LOG_TAGS(gc));
3945   }
3946   return true;
3947 }
3948 
3949 void Arguments::handle_extra_cms_flags(const char* msg) {
3950   SpecialFlag flag;
3951   const char *flag_name = "UseConcMarkSweepGC";
3952   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
3953     handle_aliases_and_deprecation(flag_name, /* print warning */ true);
3954     warning("%s", msg);
3955   }
3956 }
3957 
3958 // Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
3959 
3960 jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* initial_cmd_args) {
3961   assert(verify_special_jvm_flags(), "deprecated and obsolete flag table inconsistent");
3962 
3963   // Initialize ranges, constraints and writeables
3964   CommandLineFlagRangeList::init();
3965   CommandLineFlagConstraintList::init();
3966   CommandLineFlagWriteableList::init();
3967 
3968   // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
3969   const char* hotspotrc = ".hotspotrc";
3970   bool settings_file_specified = false;
3971   bool needs_hotspotrc_warning = false;
3972   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_java_tool_options_args("env_var='JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS'");
3973   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_java_options_args("env_var='_JAVA_OPTIONS'");
3974 
3975   // Pointers to current working set of containers
3976   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_cmd_args;
3977   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_java_options_args;
3978   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_java_tool_options_args;
3979 
3980   // Containers for modified/expanded options
3981   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_cmd_args("cmd_line_args");
3982   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_java_tool_options_args("env_var='JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS'");
3983   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_java_options_args("env_var='_JAVA_OPTIONS'");
3984 
3985 
3986   jint code =
3987       parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&initial_java_tool_options_args);
3988   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3989     return code;
3990   }
3991 
3992   code = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&initial_java_options_args);
3993   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3994     return code;
3995   }
3996 
3997   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_java_tool_options_args.get(),
3998                                      &mod_java_tool_options_args,
3999                                      &cur_java_tool_options_args);
4000   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4001     return code;
4002   }
4003 
4004   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_cmd_args,
4005                                      &mod_cmd_args,
4006                                      &cur_cmd_args);
4007   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4008     return code;
4009   }
4010 
4011   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_java_options_args.get(),
4012                                      &mod_java_options_args,
4013                                      &cur_java_options_args);
4014   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4015     return code;
4016   }
4017 
4018   const char* flags_file = Arguments::get_jvm_flags_file();
4019   settings_file_specified = (flags_file != NULL);
4020 
4021   if (IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions) {
4022     cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
4023     cur_java_tool_options_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
4024     cur_java_options_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
4025   }
4026 
4027   // Parse specified settings file
4028   if (settings_file_specified) {
4029     if (!process_settings_file(flags_file, true,
4030                                cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
4031       return JNI_EINVAL;
4032     }
4033   } else {
4034 #ifdef ASSERT
4035     // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
4036     if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false,
4037                                cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
4038       return JNI_EINVAL;
4039     }
4040 #else
4041     struct stat buf;
4042     if (os::stat(hotspotrc, &buf) == 0) {
4043       needs_hotspotrc_warning = true;
4044     }
4045 #endif
4046   }
4047 
4048   if (PrintVMOptions) {
4049     print_options(cur_java_tool_options_args);
4050     print_options(cur_cmd_args);
4051     print_options(cur_java_options_args);
4052   }
4053 
4054   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
4055   jint result = parse_vm_init_args(cur_java_tool_options_args,
4056                                    cur_java_options_args,
4057                                    cur_cmd_args);
4058 
4059   if (result != JNI_OK) {
4060     return result;
4061   }
4062 
4063   // Call get_shared_archive_path() here, after possible SharedArchiveFile option got parsed.
4064   SharedArchivePath = get_shared_archive_path();
4065   if (SharedArchivePath == NULL) {
4066     return JNI_ENOMEM;
4067   }
4068 
4069   // Set up VerifySharedSpaces
4070   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(VerifySharedSpaces) && SharedArchiveFile != NULL) {
4071     VerifySharedSpaces = true;
4072   }
4073 
4074   // Delay warning until here so that we've had a chance to process
4075   // the -XX:-PrintWarnings flag
4076   if (needs_hotspotrc_warning) {
4077     warning("%s file is present but has been ignored.  "
4078             "Run with -XX:Flags=%s to load the file.",
4079             hotspotrc, hotspotrc);
4080   }
4081 
4082   if (needs_module_property_warning) {
4083     warning("Ignoring system property options whose names match the '-Djdk.module.*'."
4084             " names that are reserved for internal use.");
4085   }
4086 
4087 #if defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) || defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
4088   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseLargePages);
4089 #endif
4090 
4091   ArgumentsExt::report_unsupported_options();
4092 
4093 #ifndef PRODUCT
4094   if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
4095     TraceBytecodes = true;
4096   }
4097   if (CountCompiledCalls) {
4098     if (UseCounterDecay) {
4099       warning("UseCounterDecay disabled because CountCalls is set");
4100       UseCounterDecay = false;
4101     }
4102   }
4103 #endif // PRODUCT
4104 
4105   if (ScavengeRootsInCode == 0) {
4106     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeRootsInCode)) {
4107       warning("Forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero");
4108     }
4109     ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
4110   }
4111 
4112   if (!handle_deprecated_print_gc_flags()) {
4113     return JNI_EINVAL;
4114   }
4115 
4116   // Set object alignment values.
4117   set_object_alignment();
4118 
4119 #if !INCLUDE_CDS
4120   if (DumpSharedSpaces || RequireSharedSpaces) {
4121     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
4122       "Shared spaces are not supported in this VM\n");
4123     return JNI_ERR;
4124   }
4125   if ((UseSharedSpaces && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseSharedSpaces)) ||
4126       log_is_enabled(Info, cds)) {
4127     warning("Shared spaces are not supported in this VM");
4128     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
4129     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Off, true, LOG_TAGS(cds));
4130   }
4131   no_shared_spaces("CDS Disabled");
4132 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
4133 
4134   return JNI_OK;
4135 }
4136 
4137 jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
4138   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
4139   jint result = set_ergonomics_flags();
4140   if (result != JNI_OK) return result;
4141 
4142 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
4143   set_jvmci_specific_flags();
4144 #endif
4145 
4146   set_shared_spaces_flags();
4147 
4148   // Check the GC selections again.
4149   if (!check_gc_consistency()) {
4150     return JNI_EINVAL;
4151   }
4152 
4153   if (TieredCompilation) {
4154     set_tiered_flags();
4155   } else {
4156     int max_compilation_policy_choice = 1;
4157 #ifdef COMPILER2
4158     if (is_server_compilation_mode_vm()) {
4159       max_compilation_policy_choice = 2;
4160     }
4161 #endif
4162     // Check if the policy is valid.
4163     if (CompilationPolicyChoice >= max_compilation_policy_choice) {
4164       vm_exit_during_initialization(
4165         "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
4166     }
4167     // Scale CompileThreshold
4168     // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is equivalent to -Xint and leaves CompileThreshold unchanged.
4169     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThresholdScaling) && CompileThresholdScaling > 0.0) {
4170       FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(CompileThreshold));
4171     }
4172   }
4173 
4174 #ifdef COMPILER2
4175 #ifndef PRODUCT
4176   if (PrintIdealGraphLevel > 0) {
4177     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, PrintIdealGraph, true);
4178   }
4179 #endif
4180 #endif
4181 
4182   // Set heap size based on available physical memory
4183   set_heap_size();
4184 
4185   ArgumentsExt::set_gc_specific_flags();
4186 
4187   // Initialize Metaspace flags and alignments
4188   Metaspace::ergo_initialize();
4189 
4190   // Set bytecode rewriting flags
4191   set_bytecode_flags();
4192 
4193   // Set flags if Aggressive optimization flags (-XX:+AggressiveOpts) enabled
4194   jint code = set_aggressive_opts_flags();
4195   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4196     return code;
4197   }
4198 
4199   // Turn off biased locking for locking debug mode flags,
4200   // which are subtly different from each other but neither works with
4201   // biased locking
4202   if (UseHeavyMonitors
4203 #ifdef COMPILER1
4204       || !UseFastLocking
4205 #endif // COMPILER1
4206 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
4207       || !JVMCIUseFastLocking
4208 #endif
4209     ) {
4210     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking) && UseBiasedLocking) {
4211       // flag set to true on command line; warn the user that they
4212       // can't enable biased locking here
4213       warning("Biased Locking is not supported with locking debug flags"
4214               "; ignoring UseBiasedLocking flag." );
4215     }
4216     UseBiasedLocking = false;
4217   }
4218 
4219 #ifdef CC_INTERP
4220   // Clear flags not supported on zero.
4221   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ProfileInterpreter, false);
4222   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking, false);
4223   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false));
4224   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false));
4225 #endif // CC_INTERP
4226 
4227 #ifdef COMPILER2
4228   if (!EliminateLocks) {
4229     EliminateNestedLocks = false;
4230   }
4231   if (!Inline) {
4232     IncrementalInline = false;
4233   }
4234 #ifndef PRODUCT
4235   if (!IncrementalInline) {
4236     AlwaysIncrementalInline = false;
4237   }
4238 #endif
4239   if (!UseTypeSpeculation && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel)) {
4240     // nothing to use the profiling, turn if off
4241     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel, 0);
4242   }
4243 #endif
4244 
4245   if (PrintAssembly && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DebugNonSafepoints)) {
4246     warning("PrintAssembly is enabled; turning on DebugNonSafepoints to gain additional output");
4247     DebugNonSafepoints = true;
4248   }
4249 
4250   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CompressedClassSpaceSize) && !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
4251     warning("Setting CompressedClassSpaceSize has no effect when compressed class pointers are not used");
4252   }
4253 
4254   if (UseOnStackReplacement && !UseLoopCounter) {
4255     warning("On-stack-replacement requires loop counters; enabling loop counters");
4256     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLoopCounter, true);
4257   }
4258 
4259 #ifndef PRODUCT
4260   if (!LogVMOutput && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogVMOutput)) {
4261     if (use_vm_log()) {
4262       LogVMOutput = true;
4263     }
4264   }
4265 #endif // PRODUCT
4266 
4267   if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
4268     CommandLineFlags::printSetFlags(tty);
4269   }
4270 
4271   // Apply CPU specific policy for the BiasedLocking
4272   if (UseBiasedLocking) {
4273     if (!VM_Version::use_biased_locking() &&
4274         !(FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseBiasedLocking))) {
4275       UseBiasedLocking = false;
4276     }
4277   }
4278 #ifdef COMPILER2
4279   if (!UseBiasedLocking || EmitSync != 0) {
4280     UseOptoBiasInlining = false;
4281   }
4282 #endif
4283 
4284   return JNI_OK;
4285 }
4286 
4287 jint Arguments::adjust_after_os() {
4288   if (UseNUMA) {
4289     if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
4290       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes)) {
4291          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes, 64*M);
4292       }
4293     }
4294     // UseNUMAInterleaving is set to ON for all collectors and
4295     // platforms when UseNUMA is set to ON. NUMA-aware collectors
4296     // such as the parallel collector for Linux and Solaris will
4297     // interleave old gen and survivor spaces on top of NUMA
4298     // allocation policy for the eden space.
4299     // Non NUMA-aware collectors such as CMS, G1 and Serial-GC on
4300     // all platforms and ParallelGC on Windows will interleave all
4301     // of the heap spaces across NUMA nodes.
4302     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving)) {
4303       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseNUMAInterleaving, true);
4304     }
4305   }
4306   return JNI_OK;
4307 }
4308 
4309 int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
4310   int count = 0;
4311   while(pl != NULL) {
4312     count++;
4313     pl = pl->next();
4314   }
4315   return count;
4316 }
4317 
4318 // Return the number of readable properties.
4319 int Arguments::PropertyList_readable_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
4320   int count = 0;
4321   while(pl != NULL) {
4322     if (pl->is_readable()) {
4323       count++;
4324     }
4325     pl = pl->next();
4326   }
4327   return count;
4328 }
4329 
4330 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
4331   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
4332   SystemProperty* prop;
4333   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4334     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
4335   }
4336   return NULL;
4337 }
4338 
4339 // Return the value of the requested property provided that it is a readable property.
4340 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_readable_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
4341   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
4342   SystemProperty* prop;
4343   // Return the property value if the keys match and the property is not internal or
4344   // it's the special internal property "jdk.boot.class.path.append".
4345   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4346     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) {
4347       if (!prop->internal()) {
4348         return prop->value();
4349       } else if (strcmp(key, "jdk.boot.class.path.append") == 0) {
4350         return prop->value();
4351       } else {
4352         // Property is internal and not jdk.boot.class.path.append so return NULL.
4353         return NULL;
4354       }
4355     }
4356   }
4357   return NULL;
4358 }
4359 
4360 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_key_at(SystemProperty *pl, int index) {
4361   int count = 0;
4362   const char* ret_val = NULL;
4363 
4364   while(pl != NULL) {
4365     if(count >= index) {
4366       ret_val = pl->key();
4367       break;
4368     }
4369     count++;
4370     pl = pl->next();
4371   }
4372 
4373   return ret_val;
4374 }
4375 
4376 char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value_at(SystemProperty* pl, int index) {
4377   int count = 0;
4378   char* ret_val = NULL;
4379 
4380   while(pl != NULL) {
4381     if(count >= index) {
4382       ret_val = pl->value();
4383       break;
4384     }
4385     count++;
4386     pl = pl->next();
4387   }
4388 
4389   return ret_val;
4390 }
4391 
4392 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
4393   SystemProperty* p = *plist;
4394   if (p == NULL) {
4395     *plist = new_p;
4396   } else {
4397     while (p->next() != NULL) {
4398       p = p->next();
4399     }
4400     p->set_next(new_p);
4401   }
4402 }
4403 
4404 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v,
4405                                  bool writeable, bool internal) {
4406   if (plist == NULL)
4407     return;
4408 
4409   SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, writeable, internal);
4410   PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
4411 }
4412 
4413 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty *element) {
4414   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, element);
4415 }
4416 
4417 // This add maintains unique property key in the list.
4418 void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v,
4419                                         PropertyAppendable append, PropertyWriteable writeable,
4420                                         PropertyInternal internal) {
4421   if (plist == NULL)
4422     return;
4423 
4424   // If property key exist then update with new value.
4425   SystemProperty* prop;
4426   for (prop = *plist; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4427     if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
4428       if (append == AppendProperty) {
4429         prop->append_value(v);
4430       } else {
4431         prop->set_value(v);
4432       }
4433       return;
4434     }
4435   }
4436 
4437   PropertyList_add(plist, k, v, writeable == WriteableProperty, internal == InternalProperty);
4438 }
4439 
4440 // Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
4441 // Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
4442 // the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
4443 // Notes:
4444 // 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
4445 // NULL terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
4446 // pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
4447 // expanded one.
4448 // 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
4449 bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
4450                                 char* buf, size_t buflen) {
4451   const char* p = src;
4452   char* b = buf;
4453   const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
4454   char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
4455 
4456   while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
4457     if (*p == '%') {
4458       switch (*(++p)) {
4459       case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
4460         *b++ = *p++;
4461         break;
4462       case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
4463         // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
4464         // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
4465         size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
4466         int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
4467 
4468         // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
4469         // the expanded pid, returns false.
4470         if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
4471           return false;
4472         } else {
4473           b += ret;
4474           assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
4475           if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
4476             // reach the end of the buffer.
4477             return true;
4478           }
4479         }
4480         p++;
4481         break;
4482       }
4483       default :
4484         *b++ = '%';
4485       }
4486     } else {
4487       *b++ = *p++;
4488     }
4489   }
4490   *b = '\0';
4491   return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
4492 }