1 #
2 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
3 #
4 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
5 # under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
6 # published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
7 # particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
8 # by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
9 #
10 # This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
11 # ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
12 # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
13 # version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
14 # accompanied this code).
15 #
16 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
17 # 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
18 # Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
19 #
20 # Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
21 # or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
22 # questions.
23 #
24 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
25 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
26
27 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
28
29 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
30 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
31 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
32 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
33
34 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
35 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
36 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
37
38 ###############################################################################
39
40 # United States
41
42 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
43 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
44 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
45 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
46 # His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
47 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
48 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
49 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
50
51 # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-21):
52 # Dowd's proposal left many details unresolved, such as where to draw
53 # lines between time zones. The key individual who made time zones
54 # work in the US was William Frederick Allen - railway engineer,
55 # managing editor of the Travelers' Guide, and secretary of the
56 # General Time Convention, a railway standardization group. Allen
57 # spent months in dialogs with scientific and railway leaders,
58 # developed a workable plan to institute time zones, and presented it
59 # to the General Time Convention on 1883-04-11, saying that his plan
60 # meant "local time would be practically abolished" - a plus for
61 # railway scheduling. By the next convention on 1883-10-11 nearly all
62 # railroads had agreed and it took effect on 1883-11-18 at 12:00.
63 # That Sunday was called the "day of two noons", as the eastern parts
64 # of the new zones observed noon twice. Allen witnessed the
65 # transition in New York City, writing:
66 #
67 # I heard the bells of St. Paul's strike on the old time. Four
68 # minutes later, obedient to the electrical signal from the Naval
69 # Observatory ... the time-ball made its rapid descent, the chimes
70 # of old Trinity rang twelve measured strokes, and local time was
71 # abandoned, probably forever.
72 #
73 # Most of the US soon followed suit. See:
74 # Bartky IR. The adoption of standard time. Technol Cult 1989 Jan;30(1):25-56.
75 # http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105430
76
77 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
78 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
79 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
80
81 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
82 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
83 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
84 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
85 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
86 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
87
88 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
89 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
90 # in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
91 # of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
92 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
93 #
94 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
95 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
96 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
97 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
98 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
99 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
100 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
101 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
102 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
103 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
104 #
105 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
106 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
107 #
108 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
109 # Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
110 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927).
111 # http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html
112 #
113 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
114 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
115 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
116 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
117
118 # From Arthur David Olson:
119 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
120 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
121 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
122
123 # From Arthur David Olson:
124 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
125 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
126
127 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
128 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
129 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
130 # An AltaVista search turned up:
131 # http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html
132 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
133 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
134 # (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
135
136 # From Joseph Gallant citing
137 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
138 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
139 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
140 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
141 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
142 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
143 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
144 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
145
146 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
147 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
148 #
149 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
150 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
151 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
152 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
153 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
154 # importance."
155 #
156 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
157 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
158 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
159 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
160 #
161 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
162
163 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
164 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
165 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
166 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
167 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
168
169 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
170 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
171 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
172 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
173 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
174 Rule US 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
175 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
176 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
177 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
178 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
179 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
180 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
181 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
182 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
183
184 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
185 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
186 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
187 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
188 # this time zone package.
189 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
190 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
191 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
192 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
193 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
194
195 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
196 Zone EST -5:00 - EST
197 Zone MST -7:00 - MST
198 Zone HST -10:00 - HST
199 Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
200 Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
201 Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
202 Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
203
204 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
205 # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
206 # old new
207 # Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
208 # Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
209 # Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
210 # Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
211 #
212 # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
213 # The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
214 # of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
215
216 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
217 # The tables below use 'NST', not 'NT', for Nome Standard Time.
218 # I invented 'CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
219
220 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
221 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
222 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
223 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
224 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
225 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
226 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
227 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
228 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
229 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
230 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
231 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
232 # USA " 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
233 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
234 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
235
236 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
237 # The above dates are for 1988.
238 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
239 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
240 # Aleutians.
241
242 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
243 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
244 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
245 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
246 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
247 # (none)
248 # United States standard eastern time
249 # United States standard mountain time
250 # United States standard central time
251 # United States standard Pacific time
252 # (none)
253 # United States standard Alaska time
254 # (none)
255 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
256 # public law 98-181):
257 # Atlantic standard time
258 # eastern standard time
259 # central standard time
260 # mountain standard time
261 # Pacific standard time
262 # Yukon standard time
263 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
264 # Bering standard time
265 # And after 1983-11-30:
266 # Atlantic standard time
267 # eastern standard time
268 # central standard time
269 # mountain standard time
270 # Pacific standard time
271 # Alaska standard time
272 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
273 # Samoa standard time
274 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
275 #
276 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
277 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced ... "Chamorro Standard Time"
278 # for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas. See the file "australasia".
279 #
280 # From Paul Eggert (2015-04-17):
281 # HST and HDT are standardized abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian
282 # standard and daylight times. See section 9.47 (p 234) of the
283 # U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual (2008)
284 # http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf
285
286 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
287 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
288 #
289 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
290 # (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
291 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
292 # (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second
293 # Sunday of March"; and
294 # (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first
295 # Sunday of November'.
296 # (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
297 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
298 # (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective
299 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
300 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
301 # States.
302 # (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the
303 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
304 # Department study is complete.
305
306 # US eastern time, represented by New York
307
308 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
309 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
310 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
311 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
312 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
313 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
314
315 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
316 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
317 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
318 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
319 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
320 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
321
322 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
323 # According to today's Huntsville Times
324 # http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1
325 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
326 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
327 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
328 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
329 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
330 # in Columbus."
331
332 # From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
333 # Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
334 # says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of
335 # Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch. Round to the
336 # nearest second.
337
338 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
339 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
340 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
341 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
342 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
343 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
344 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
345 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
346 -5:00 US E%sT 1920
347 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1942
348 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
349 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1967
350 -5:00 US E%sT
351
352 # US central time, represented by Chicago
353
354 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
355 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
356 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
357 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
358 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
359 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
360 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
361 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
362
363 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
364 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
365 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
366 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
367 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
368 # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
369 #
370 # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
371 # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
372 # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
373 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2007/data/acts/07Act3.pdf
374
375 # From an email administrator of the City of Fort Pierre, SD (2015-12-21):
376 # Fort Pierre is technically located in the Mountain time zone as is
377 # the rest of Stanley County. Most of Stanley County and Fort Pierre
378 # uses the Central time zone due to doing most of their business in
379 # Pierre so it simplifies schedules. I have lived in Stanley County
380 # all my life and it has been that way since I can remember. (43 years!)
381 #
382 # From Paul Eggert (2015-12-25):
383 # Assume this practice predates 1970, so Fort Pierre can use America/Chicago.
384
385 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
386 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
387 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
388 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
389 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
390 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
391 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
392 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
393 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
394 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
395 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
396 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
397 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
398 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
399 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
400 -6:00 US C%sT
401 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
402 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
403 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 2:00
404 -6:00 US C%sT
405 # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
406 # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
407 # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
408 # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
409 # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
410 # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
411 # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
412 Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
413 -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 2:00
414 -6:00 US C%sT
415
416 # From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
417 # ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
418 # mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
419 # daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
420 # http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
421 # http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
422
423 # From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
424 # ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
425 # it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
426 # largest city in Mercer County). Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
427 # at 47 degrees 15' 51" N, 101 degrees 46' 40" W, which yields an offset
428 # of 6h47'07".
429
430 Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:53
431 -7:00 US M%sT 2010 Nov 7 2:00
432 -6:00 US C%sT
433
434 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
435 #
436 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
437 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
438 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
439 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
440 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
441 #
442 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
443 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
444 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
445 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
446 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
447 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
448 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
449 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
450 -7:00 US M%sT 1920
451 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
452 -7:00 US M%sT 1946
453 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
454 -7:00 US M%sT
455
456 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
457 #
458 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
459 # Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county
460 # north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),
461 # Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern 3/4 of
462 # Malheur county), and Washington
463
464 # From Paul Eggert (2016-08-20):
465 # In early February 1948, in response to California's electricity shortage,
466 # PG&E changed power frequency from 60 to 59.5 Hz during daylight hours,
467 # causing electric clocks to lose six minutes per day. (This did not change
468 # legal time, and is not part of the data here.) See:
469 # Ross SA. An energy crisis from the past: Northern California in 1948.
470 # Working Paper No. 8, Institute of Governmental Studies, UC Berkeley,
471 # 1973-11. http://escholarship.org/uc/item/8x22k30c
472 #
473 # In another measure to save electricity, DST was instituted from 1948-03-14
474 # at 02:01 to 1949-01-16 at 02:00, with the governor having the option to move
475 # the fallback transition earlier. See pages 3-4 of:
476 # http://clerk.assembly.ca.gov/sites/clerk.assembly.ca.gov/files/archive/Statutes/1948/48Vol1_Chapters.pdf
477 #
478 # In response:
479 #
480 # Governor Warren received a torrent of objecting mail, and it is not too much
481 # to speculate that the objections to Daylight Saving Time were one important
482 # factor in the defeat of the Dewey-Warren Presidential ticket in California.
483 # -- Ross, p 25
484 #
485 # On December 8 the governor exercised the option, setting the date to January 1
486 # (LA Times 1948-12-09). The transition time was 02:00 (LA Times 1949-01-01).
487 #
488 # Despite the controversy, in 1949 California voters approved Proposition 12,
489 # which established DST from April's last Sunday at 01:00 until September's
490 # last Sunday at 02:00. This was amended by 1962's Proposition 6, which changed
491 # the fall-back date to October's last Sunday. See:
492 # http://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1501&context=ca_ballot_props
493 # http://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1636&context=ca_ballot_props
494 #
495 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
496 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:01 1:00 D
497 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
498 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 1:00 1:00 D
499 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
500 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
501 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
502 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
503 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
504 -8:00 CA P%sT 1967
505 -8:00 US P%sT
506
507 # Alaska
508 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
509 #
510 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
511 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
512 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
513 # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
514 # also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
515 # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
516 # the Julian calendar.
517 #
518 # As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
519 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
520 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
521 # was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there
522 # were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
523 # it's best to simply use the official transition.
524
525 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):
526 # One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and
527 # daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall:
528 # "Welcome to Juneau. Please turn your watch back to the 19th century."
529 # See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01.
530 # http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html
531 #
532 # Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source:
533 # Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response.
534 # Alaska History 2001;16(1-2).
535 # http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/
536
537 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):
538 # Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:
539 #
540 # On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,
541 # 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.
542 # Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on
543 # Pacific Time.
544 #
545 # ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the
546 # Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in
547 # northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.
548 #
549 # On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted
550 # unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.
551 #
552 # According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not
553 # bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.
554 #
555 # (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo
556 # Nation.)
557
558 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):
559 # I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian
560 # Community office (using contact information available at
561 # http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla
562 # It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;
563 # the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether
564 # that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their
565 # own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I
566 # did not inquire about practices in the past.
567
568 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):
569 # For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's
570 # abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.
571
572 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-11-09):
573 # It seems Metlakatla did go off PST on Sunday, November 1, changing
574 # their time to AKST and are going to follow Alaska's DST, switching
575 # between AKST and AKDT from now on....
576 # http://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/
577
578 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
579 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
580 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
581 -8:00 - PST 1942
582 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
583 -8:00 - PST 1969
584 -8:00 US P%sT 1980 Apr 27 2:00
585 -9:00 US Y%sT 1980 Oct 26 2:00
586 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
587 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
588 -9:00 US AK%sT
589 Zone America/Sitka 14:58:47 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
590 -9:01:13 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
591 -8:00 - PST 1942
592 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
593 -8:00 - PST 1969
594 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
595 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
596 -9:00 US AK%sT
597 Zone America/Metlakatla 15:13:42 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
598 -8:46:18 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
599 -8:00 - PST 1942
600 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
601 -8:00 - PST 1969
602 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
603 -8:00 - PST 2015 Nov 1 2:00
604 -9:00 US AK%sT
605 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
606 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
607 -9:00 - YST 1942
608 -9:00 US Y%sT 1946
609 -9:00 - YST 1969
610 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
611 -9:00 US AK%sT
612 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
613 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
614 -10:00 - CAT 1942
615 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
616 -10:00 US CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace
617 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
618 -10:00 - AHST 1969
619 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
620 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
621 -9:00 US AK%sT
622 Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
623 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
624 -11:00 - NST 1942
625 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
626 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
627 -11:00 - BST 1969
628 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
629 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
630 -9:00 US AK%sT
631 Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
632 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
633 -11:00 - NST 1942
634 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
635 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
636 -11:00 - BST 1969
637 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
638 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
639 -10:00 US H%sT
640 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
641 #
642 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
643 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
644 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
645 #
646 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
647 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
648 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
649 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
650 # possibly until 1983:
651 #
652 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
653 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
654 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
655 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
656 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
657 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
658 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
659 # three votes for and one against."
660
661 # Hawaii
662
663 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
664 # "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
665 # of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
666 # the article is available at
667 # http://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
668 # and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
669 # 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
670 # saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
671 # last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
672 # act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
673 # from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
674 # when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
675 # effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
676 # day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
677 # cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
678 # and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
679
680 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
681 # The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
682 # Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
683 # 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
684 # 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
685 # year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
686 # hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
687 # day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
688 # Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
689 # hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
690 # which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
691 # that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
692 # Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
693 # of the Territory of Hawaii."
694 #
695 # Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
696 # We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
697
698 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
699 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1896 Jan 13 12:00
700 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
701 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 12:00
702 -10:30 - HST 1942 Feb 9 2:00
703 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
704 -10:30 - HST 1947 Jun 8 2:00
705 -10:00 - HST
706 Link Pacific/Honolulu Pacific/Johnston
707
708 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
709
710 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
711
712 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
713 #
714 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
715 # Daylight Saving Time web page
716 # <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23)
717 # maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
718 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
719 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
720 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
721 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
722 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
723 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
724 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
725 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
726 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
727 #
728 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
729 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
730
731 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
732 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
733 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 0:01
734 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 0:01
735 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 0:01
736 -7:00 - MST 1967
737 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
738 -7:00 - MST
739 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
740 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
741 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
742 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
743 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
744 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
745 #
746 # From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
747 # See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.
748
749 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
750 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
751 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
752 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
753 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
754 # quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
755 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
756 #
757 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
758 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
759 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
760 -7:00 US M%sT 1974
761 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
762 -7:00 US M%sT
763
764 # Indiana
765 #
766 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
767 # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana
768 #
769 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
770 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
771 # with the following exceptions:
772 #
773 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
774 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
775 #
776 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
777 #
778 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
779 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
780 #
781 # - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
782 # and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
783 #
784 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
785 # and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
786 # Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
787 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
788 #
789 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
790 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
791 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.
792
793 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26):
794 # https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana
795 # says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
796 # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
797 # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
798 # this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
799 # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
800 # Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their
801 # clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error. The intent
802 # was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
803
804 # From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
805 # The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
806 # going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
807 # http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
808
809 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
810 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
811 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
812 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
813 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
814 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
815 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
816 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
817 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
818 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
819 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
820 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
821 -5:00 - EST 1969
822 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
823 -5:00 - EST 2006
824 -5:00 US E%sT
825 #
826 # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
827 # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
828 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
829 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
830 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
831 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
832 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
833 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
834 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
835 -6:00 US C%sT 1951
836 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
837 -5:00 - EST 1969
838 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
839 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
840 -5:00 US E%sT 1976
841 -5:00 - EST 2006
842 -5:00 US E%sT
843 #
844 # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
845 # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
846 # in November 2007.
847 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
848 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
849 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
850 Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
851 Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
852 Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
853 Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
854 Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
855 Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
856 Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
857 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
858 Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
859 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
860 -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
861 -5:00 - EST 1969
862 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
863 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
864 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
865 -5:00 US E%sT
866 #
867 # Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
868 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
869 Rule Perry 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
870 Rule Perry 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
871 Rule Perry 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
872 Rule Perry 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
873 Rule Perry 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
874 Rule Perry 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
875 Rule Perry 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
876 Rule Perry 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
877 Rule Perry 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
878 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
879 Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
880 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
881 -6:00 Perry C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
882 -5:00 - EST 1969
883 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
884 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
885 -6:00 US C%sT
886 #
887 # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
888 # then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
889 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
890 Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
891 Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
892 Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
893 Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
894 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
895 Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
896 -6:00 US C%sT 1955
897 -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
898 -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
899 -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
900 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
901 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
902 -5:00 US E%sT
903 #
904 # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
905 # then switched back in 2006.
906 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
907 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
908 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
909 # 1991-10-27.
910 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
911 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
912 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
913 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
914 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
915 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
916 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
917 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
918 -6:00 US C%sT 1947
919 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
920 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
921 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
922 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
923 -6:00 US C%sT
924 #
925 # Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
926 # April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
927 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
928 Rule Pulaski 1946 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
929 Rule Pulaski 1946 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
930 Rule Pulaski 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
931 Rule Pulaski 1957 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
932 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
933 Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
934 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
935 -6:00 Pulaski C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
936 -5:00 - EST 1969
937 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
938 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
939 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Mar 11 2:00
940 -5:00 US E%sT
941 #
942 # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
943 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
944 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
945 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
946 -5:00 - EST 1969
947 -5:00 US E%sT 1973
948 -5:00 - EST 2006
949 -5:00 US E%sT
950
951 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
952 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
953 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
954 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
955 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
956 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
957 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
958 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
959 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
960 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
961 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
962 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
963 -6:00 US C%sT 1921
964 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
965 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
966 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
967 -5:00 - EST 1968
968 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
969 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
970 -5:00 US E%sT
971 #
972 # Wayne County, Kentucky
973 #
974 # From Lake Cumberland LIFE
975 # http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml
976 # (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
977 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
978 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
979 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
980 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
981 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
982 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
983 # location in the Central time zone.
984 #
985 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
986 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
987 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
988 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
989 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
990 #
991 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
992 # The final rule was published in the
993 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.
994 # http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22
995 #
996 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
997 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
998 -6:00 - CST 1968
999 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1000 -5:00 US E%sT
1001
1002
1003 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
1004 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
1005 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
1006 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
1007 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
1008 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
1009 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
1010 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
1011 #
1012 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
1013 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
1014 # so omit that change for now.
1015 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
1016 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
1017 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
1018 # 1999-10-31. See the
1019 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.
1020 # http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15
1021 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
1022 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
1023 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
1024
1025 # Michigan
1026 #
1027 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
1028 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
1029 #
1030 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
1031 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
1032 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
1033 # that Detroit kept
1034 #
1035 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
1036 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
1037 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
1038 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
1039 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
1040 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
1041 # by city vote.
1042 #
1043 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
1044 #
1045 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
1046 # Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
1047 # one hour in 1914." This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
1048 # info, so omit this for now.
1049 #
1050 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
1051 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1052 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1053 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1054 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
1055 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1056 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1057 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
1058 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
1059 -5:00 - EST 1942
1060 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
1061 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
1062 -5:00 US E%sT 1975
1063 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
1064 -5:00 US E%sT
1065 #
1066 # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
1067 # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
1068 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1069 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1070 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1071 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1072 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1073 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1074 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
1075 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
1076 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
1077 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
1078 -6:00 US C%sT
1079
1080 # Navassa
1081 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
1082 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
1083 # also claimed by Haiti
1084 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
1085 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
1086 # currently uninhabited
1087 # see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
1088 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
1089 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
1090
1091 ################################################################################
1092
1093
1094 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
1095 #
1096 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
1097 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
1098 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
1099 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
1100 #
1101 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
1102 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
1103 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
1104 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
1105 # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
1106 # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
1107 #
1108 # Other sources occasionally used include:
1109 #
1110 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
1111 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
1112 # which I found in the UCLA library.
1113 #
1114 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
1115 # <http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
1116 # [PDF] (1914-03)
1117 #
1118 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
1119 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
1120 #
1121 # See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
1122
1123 # Canada
1124
1125 # From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14):
1126 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
1127 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
1128 #
1129 # UTC Standard time Daylight saving time
1130 # offset French English French English
1131 # -2:30 - - HAT NDT
1132 # -3 - - HAA ADT
1133 # -3:30 HNT NST - -
1134 # -4 HNA AST HAE EDT
1135 # -5 HNE EST HAC CDT
1136 # -6 HNC CST HAR MDT
1137 # -7 HNR MST HAP PDT
1138 # -8 HNP PST HAY YDT
1139 # -9 HNY YST - -
1140 #
1141 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
1142 # HA: Heure Avancée DT: Daylight saving Time
1143 #
1144 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
1145 # C: du Centre Central
1146 # E: de l'Est Eastern
1147 # M: Mountain
1148 # N: Newfoundland
1149 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
1150 # R: des Rocheuses
1151 # T: de Terre-Neuve
1152 # Y: du Yukon Yukon
1153 #
1154 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
1155 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
1156
1157 # Unless otherwise specified, the data entries for Canada are all from Shanks
1158 # & Pottenger.
1159
1160 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1161 # 2007-03-01):
1162 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1163 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1164 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1165 # http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1166 # ...
1167 # Nova Scotia
1168 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1169 # http://www.gov.ns.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1170 #
1171 # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1172 # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1173 # http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1174 # ...
1175 # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1176 # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1177 # http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1178 # ...
1179 # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1180 # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1181 # http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1182 # http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1183 # ...
1184 # P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1185 # http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1186 # ...
1187 # Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1188 # http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1189 # ...
1190 # Yukon
1191 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1192 # ...
1193 # N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site
1194 # does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the
1195 # following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the
1196 # "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1197 # JavaScript.
1198 # http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1199 # ...
1200 # Nunavut
1201 # An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1202 # http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1203
1204 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-18):
1205 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1206 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1207 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/alacarte.asp
1208 # contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1209 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1210 #
1211 # National Research Council Canada maintains info about time zones and DST.
1212 # http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html
1213 # http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5
1214 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1215
1216 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1217 # For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1218 # new US DST rules,
1219
1220 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)
1221 # In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles
1222 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1223 # she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.
1224 # The quote includes these two statements:
1225 # 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'
1226 # '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'
1227 # These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time
1228 # that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918. This transition was
1229 # also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.
1230
1231 # In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed
1232 # Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day
1233 # than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.
1234
1235 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1236 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1237 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1238 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1239 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1240 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1241 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1242 Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1243 Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1244 Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1245 Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1246
1247
1248 # Newfoundland and Labrador
1249
1250 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1251 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
1252 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
1253 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
1254 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1255
1256 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1257 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
1258 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
1259 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1260 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
1261 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
1262 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1263 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
1264 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
1265 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1266 # Pottenger.
1267 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
1268 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
1269 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
1270 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1271 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1272 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1273 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1274 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1275 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
1276 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1277 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1278 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1279 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1280 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1281 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1282
1283 # From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):
1284 # We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the
1285 # changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.
1286 # The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings
1287 # Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time
1288 # now occurs at 2:00AM.
1289 # ...
1290 # http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm
1291 # ...
1292 # MICHAEL PELLEY | Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery
1293 # Office of the Chief Information Officer
1294 # Executive Council
1295 # Government of Newfoundland & Labrador
1296
1297 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1298 Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1299 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
1300 Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1301 Rule StJohns 2007 2011 - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
1302 Rule StJohns 2007 2010 - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
1303 #
1304 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1305 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1306 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
1307 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
1308 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1309 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
1310 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1311 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1312 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 2011 Nov
1313 -3:30 Canada N%sT
1314
1315 # most of east Labrador
1316
1317 # The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
1318 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1319 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1320 -3:30:52 - NST 1918
1321 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1322 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
1323 -3:30 - NST 1936
1324 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1325 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1326 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
1327 -4:00 StJohns A%sT 2011 Nov
1328 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1329
1330
1331 # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1332
1333 # From Brian Inglis (2015-07-20):
1334 # From the historical weather station records available at:
1335 # https://weatherspark.com/history/28351/1971/Sydney-Nova-Scotia-Canada
1336 # Sydney shares the same time history as Glace Bay, so was
1337 # likely to be the same across the island....
1338 # Sydney, as the capital and most populous location, or Cape Breton, would
1339 # have been better names for the zone had we known this in 1996.
1340
1341 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-20):
1342 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1343 # Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1344 # the Cape Breton area, represented by Glace Bay, is the largest we know of
1345 # (Glace Bay was perhaps not the best name choice but no point changing now).
1346 # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1347 # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1348 # this is a typo.
1349
1350 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1351 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1352 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1353 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
1354 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
1355 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
1356 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1357 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1358 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1359 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
1360 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1361 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
1362 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
1363 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1364 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1365 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1366 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1367 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
1368 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1369 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1370 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1371 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1372 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1373 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1374 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
1375 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1376 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
1377 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1378 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1379 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1380 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1381 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1382 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
1383 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1384 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1385 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1386 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1387 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1388 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1389 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1390 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1391 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1392 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1393 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1394 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
1395 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
1396 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1397 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1398 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1399 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1400 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1401 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
1402 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
1403 -4:00 - AST 1972
1404 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1405 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1406
1407 # New Brunswick
1408
1409 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1410 # The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1411 # says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1412 # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1413 # clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1414 # For now, assume it started in 1993.
1415
1416 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1417 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
1418 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
1419 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
1420 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
1421 Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
1422 Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
1423 Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
1424 Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
1425 Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1426 Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1427 Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1428 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1429 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1430 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1431 Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
1432 -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
1433 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
1434 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
1435 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1436 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
1437 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
1438 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007
1439 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1440
1441 # Quebec
1442
1443 # From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24):
1444 # See America/Toronto for most of Quebec, including Montreal.
1445 #
1446 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1447 # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1448 # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1449 # The Quebec department of justice writes in
1450 # "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord"
1451 # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm
1452 # that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
1453 # observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
1454 # http://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
1455 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1456 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1457 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1458
1459 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1460 Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
1461 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
1462 -4:00 - AST
1463
1464 # Ontario
1465
1466 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1467 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1468 # Toronto.
1469 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1470 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1471 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1472 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1473
1474 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1475 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1476 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1477 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1478 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1479 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1480 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1481 # only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1482 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1483 # earlier in June).
1484 #
1485 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1486
1487 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1488 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1489 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1490 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1491 # He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1492 # http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html
1493 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1494 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1495 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1496 #
1497 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1498 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1499 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1500 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1501 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1502 #
1503 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1504 # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1505 # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1506 #
1507 # The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1508 # This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1509 # the other half on eastern time.
1510 #
1511 # For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1512 #
1513 # "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1514 # Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1515 # said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
1516 #
1517 # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1518 # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1519
1520 # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1521 # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1522 # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1523 # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1524 # time keeping since 1952, at least.
1525
1526 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1527 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1528 # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1529 # McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
1530 # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1531 # ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1532 # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1533 # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1534
1535 # From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1536 #
1537 # Currently the database has:
1538 #
1539 # # Ontario
1540 #
1541 # # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1542 # # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1543 # # Toronto.
1544 # # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1545 # # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1546 # # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1547 #
1548 # In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1549 # right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1550 # time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1551 #
1552 # The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1553 # except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1554 #
1555 # Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.
1556 #
1557 # I only came across this incidentally. I don't know if Windsor began
1558 # observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.
1559 #
1560 # By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1561 #
1562 # Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1563 # three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1564
1565 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1566 #
1567 # "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1568 # The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1569 # volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1570 # was available at
1571 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1572 #
1573 # It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1574 #
1575 # A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1576 # require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1577 # the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1578 # and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1579 # ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1580 # for the other provinces only approximate:
1581 #
1582 # Province Daylight saving time used
1583 # Prince Edward Island Not used.
1584 # Nova Scotia In Halifax only.
1585 # New Brunswick In St. John only.
1586 # Quebec In the following places:
1587 # Montreal Lachine
1588 # Quebec Mont-Royal
1589 # Lévis Iberville
1590 # St. Lambert Cap de la Madelèine
1591 # Verdun Loretteville
1592 # Westmount Richmond
1593 # Outremont St. Jérôme
1594 # Longueuil Greenfield Park
1595 # Arvida Waterloo
1596 # Chambly-Canton Beaulieu
1597 # Melbourne La Tuque
1598 # St. Théophile Buckingham
1599 # Ontario Used generally in the cities and towns along
1600 # the southerly part of the province. Not
1601 # used in the northwesterly part.
1602 # Manitoba Not used.
1603 # Saskatchewan In Regina only.
1604 # Alberta Not used.
1605 # British Columbia Not used.
1606 #
1607 # With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1608 # to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1609
1610 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1611 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1612 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1613 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1614 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1615 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1616 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1617 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1618 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1619 # was meant.
1620 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1621 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1622 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1623 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1624 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1625 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1626 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1627 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1628 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1629 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1630 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1631 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1632 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1633 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1634 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1635 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1636 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1637 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1638 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1639 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1640 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1641 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1642 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1643 # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1644 # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1645 # is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1646 # Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1647 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1648
1649 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1650 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1651 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1652 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1653 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1654
1655 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1656 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1657 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1658 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1659 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1660 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1661 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1662 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1663 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1664 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1665 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1666
1667 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1668 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1669 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1670 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1671 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1672 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1673 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1674 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1675 -6:00 - CST 1910
1676 -5:00 - EST 1942
1677 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1678 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1973
1679 -5:00 - EST 1974
1680 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1681 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1682 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1683 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1684 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1685 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895
1686 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1687 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1688 -6:00 Canada C%sT
1689 Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
1690 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1691 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1692 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
1693 -5:00 - EST
1694
1695
1696 # Manitoba
1697
1698 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1699 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1700 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1701 # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1702 # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1703 # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1704 # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1705 # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had
1706 # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1707 # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1708 # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1709 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1710 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1711
1712 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1713 # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1714 # starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1715 # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1716
1717 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1718 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1719 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1720 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1721 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1722 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1723 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1724 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1725 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1726 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1727 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1728 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1729 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1730 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1731 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1732 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1733 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1734 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1735 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1736 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1737 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1738 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1739 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
1740 Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1741 Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
1742 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1743 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1744 -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
1745 -6:00 Canada C%sT
1746
1747
1748 # Saskatchewan
1749
1750 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1751 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1752 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1753 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1754 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1755 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1756 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1757 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1758 # time was noted.
1759
1760 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1761 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1762 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1763
1764 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1765 # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1766 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1767 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1768 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1769 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1770
1771 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1772 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1773 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1774 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1775 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1776 #
1777 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1778 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1779 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1780 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1781 #
1782 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1783 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1784 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1785 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1786 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1787 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1788 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1789 #
1790 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1791 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1792 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1793 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1794 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1795 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1796
1797 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1798 # The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1799 # long and rather painful to read.
1800 # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1801
1802 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1803 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1804 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1805 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1806 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1807 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1808 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1809 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1810 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1811 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1812 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1813 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1814 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1815 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1816 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1817 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1818 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1819 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1820 #
1821 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1822 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1823 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1824 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1825 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1826 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1827 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1828 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1829 -6:00 - CST
1830 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1831 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1832 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1833 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1834 -6:00 - CST
1835
1836
1837 # Alberta
1838
1839 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1840 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1841 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1842 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1843 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1844 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1845 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1846 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1847 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1848 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1849 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1850 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1851 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1852 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1853 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1854 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1855 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1856 Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1857 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1858 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1859 -7:00 Edm M%sT 1987
1860 -7:00 Canada M%sT
1861
1862
1863 # British Columbia
1864
1865 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1866 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1867 # been like Vancouver.
1868 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1869 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1870
1871 # It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct:
1872
1873 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):
1874 # There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia
1875 # that do not currently observe daylight saving:
1876 # a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)
1877 # b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District
1878 # (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)
1879
1880 # Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time
1881 # keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the
1882 # manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
1883 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1884 # According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
1885 # i.e. Creston has been stuck on UTC-7 for 93 years.
1886 # Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
1887
1888 # Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
1889 # unknown and will be difficult to ascertain. I e-mailed Tammy a few months
1890 # ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess. She said it was just
1891 # as plausible as any other date (in June). She also said that after writing
1892 # the article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the
1893 # subject of another article which she wrote in October 2010.
1894 # http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56
1895
1896 # Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:
1897 # 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)
1898 # Exact date unknown
1899 # 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
1900 # Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.
1901 # 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)
1902 # Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.
1903 # note 1:
1904 # On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,
1905 # Creston did not change its clocks.
1906 # note 2:
1907 # During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,
1908 # Creston did not oblige.
1909 # note 3:
1910 # There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time
1911 # (UTC-7) forever.
1912 # The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.
1913 # http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html
1914
1915 # During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.
1916 # In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying
1917 # summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before
1918 # the change. It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this
1919 # period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough
1920 # (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.
1921
1922 # The transition dates (and times) are guesses.
1923
1924 # From Matt Johnson (2015-09-21):
1925 # Fort Nelson, BC, Canada will cancel DST this year. So while previously they
1926 # were aligned with America/Vancouver, they're now aligned with
1927 # America/Dawson_Creek.
1928 # http://www.northernrockies.ca/EN/meta/news/archives/2015/northern-rockies-time-change.html
1929 #
1930 # From Tim Parenti (2015-09-23):
1931 # This requires a new zone for the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality,
1932 # America/Fort_Nelson. The resolution of 2014-12-08 was reached following a
1933 # 2014-11-15 poll with nearly 75% support. Effectively, the municipality has
1934 # been on MST (-0700) like Dawson Creek since it advanced its clocks on
1935 # 2015-03-08.
1936 #
1937 # From Paul Eggert (2015-09-23):
1938 # Shanks says Fort Nelson did not observe DST in 1946, unlike Vancouver.
1939
1940 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1941 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1942 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1943 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1944 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1945 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1946 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1947 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1948 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1949 Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1950 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1951 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1952 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1953 -8:00 Canada P%sT
1954 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1955 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1956 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1957 -7:00 - MST
1958 Zone America/Fort_Nelson -8:10:47 - LMT 1884
1959 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1946
1960 -8:00 - PST 1947
1961 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1962 -8:00 Canada P%sT 2015 Mar 8 2:00
1963 -7:00 - MST
1964 Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884
1965 -7:00 - MST 1916 Oct 1
1966 -8:00 - PST 1918 Jun 2
1967 -7:00 - MST
1968
1969 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1970
1971 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1972 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1973 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1974 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1975 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9....
1976 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1977 # [http://canlii.ca/t/7vhg]
1978 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1979 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1980 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1981
1982 # From Brian Inglis (2015-04-14):
1983 #
1984 # I tried to trace the history of Yukon time and found the following
1985 # regulations, giving the reference title and URL if found, regulation name,
1986 # and relevant quote if available. Each regulation specifically revokes its
1987 # predecessor. The final reference is to the current Interpretation Act
1988 # authorizing and resulting from these regulatory changes.
1989 #
1990 # Only recent regulations were retrievable via Yukon government site search or
1991 # index, and only some via Canadian legal sources. Other sources used include
1992 # articles titled "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" from JRASC via ADS
1993 # Abstracts, cited by ADO for 1932 ..., and updated versions from 1958 and
1994 # 1970 quoted below; each article includes current extracts from provincial
1995 # and territorial ST and DST regulations at the end, summaries and details of
1996 # standard times and daylight saving time at many locations across Canada,
1997 # with time zone maps, tables and calculations for Canadian Sunrise, Sunset,
1998 # and LMST; they also cover many countries and global locations, with a chart
1999 # and table showing current Universal Time offsets, and may be useful as
2000 # another source of information for 1970 and earlier.
2001 #
2002 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; JRASC, Vol. 26,
2003 # pp.49-77; February 1932; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2004 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1932JRASC..26...49S from p.75:
2005 # Yukon Interpretation Ordinance
2006 # Yukon standard time is the local mean time at the one hundred and
2007 # thirty-fifth meridian.
2008 #
2009 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; Thomson, Malcolm M.;
2010 # JRASC, Vol. 52, pp.193-223; October 1958; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System
2011 # (ADS) http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1958JRASC..52..193S from pp.220-1:
2012 # Yukon Interpretation Ordinance, 1955, Chap. 16.
2013 #
2014 # (1) Subject to this section, standard time shall be reckoned as nine
2015 # hours behind Greenwich Time and called Yukon Standard Time.
2016 #
2017 # (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), the Commissioner may make regulations
2018 # varying the manner of reckoning standard time.
2019 #
2020 # * Yukon Territory Commissioner's Order 1966-20 Interpretation Ordinance
2021 # http://? - no online source found
2022 #
2023 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Thomson, Malcolm M.; JRASC,
2024 # Vol. 64, pp.129-162; June 1970; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2025 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970JRASC..64..129T from p.156: Yukon
2026 # Territory Commissioner's Order 1967-59 Interpretation Ordinance ...
2027 #
2028 # 1. Commissioner's Order 1966-20 dated at Whitehorse in the Yukon
2029 # Territory on 27th January, 1966, is hereby revoked.
2030 #
2031 # 2. Yukon (East) Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the
2032 # Interpretation Ordinance from and after mid-night on the 28th day of May,
2033 # 1967 shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that
2034 # is to say, eight hours behind Greenwich Time in the area of the Yukon
2035 # Territory lying east of the 138th degree longitude west.
2036 #
2037 # 3. In the remainder of the Territory, lying west of the 138th degree
2038 # longitude west, Yukon (West) Standard Time shall be reckoned as nine
2039 # hours behind Greenwich Time.
2040 #
2041 # * Yukon Standard Time defined as Pacific Standard Time, YCO 1973/214
2042 # http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yco-1973-214/latest/yco-1973-214.html
2043 # C.O. 1973/214 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2044 #
2045 # 1. Effective October 28, 1973 Commissioner's Order 1967/59 is hereby
2046 # revoked.
2047 #
2048 # 2. Yukon Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the Interpretation
2049 # Act from and after midnight on the twenty-eighth day of October, 1973
2050 # shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that is
2051 # to say eight hours behind Greenwich Time.
2052 #
2053 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 INTERPRETATION ACT
2054 # http://? - no online source found
2055 #
2056 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time, YOIC 1987/56
2057 # http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-1987-56/latest/yoic-1987-56.html
2058 # O.I.C. 1987/056 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2059 #
2060 # In every year between
2061 # (a) two o'clock in the morning in the first Sunday in April, and
2062 # (b) two o'clock in the morning in the last Sunday in October,
2063 # Standard Time shall be reckoned as seven hours behind Greenwich Time and
2064 # called Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2065 # ...
2066 # Dated ... 9th day of March, A.D., 1987.
2067 #
2068 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time 2006, YOIC 2006/127
2069 # http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-2006-127/latest/yoic-2006-127.html
2070 # O.I.C. 2006/127 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2071 #
2072 # 1. In Yukon each year the time for general purposes shall be 7 hours
2073 # behind Greenwich mean time during the period commencing at two o'clock
2074 # in the forenoon on the second Sunday of March and ending at two o'clock
2075 # in the forenoon on the first Sunday of November and shall be called
2076 # Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2077 #
2078 # 2. Order-in-Council 1987/56 is revoked.
2079 #
2080 # 3. This order comes into force January 1, 2007.
2081 #
2082 # * Interpretation Act, RSY 2002, c 125
2083 # http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/stat/rsy-2002-c-125/latest/rsy-2002-c-125.html
2084
2085 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
2086 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
2087 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
2088 # http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html
2089 #
2090 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
2091 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
2092 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
2093
2094 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
2095 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
2096 # http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html
2097 # (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
2098 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
2099 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
2100
2101 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
2102 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
2103 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
2104 #
2105 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
2106 #
2107 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
2108 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
2109 #
2110 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
2111 #
2112 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
2113 #
2114 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
2115 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
2116 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
2117 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
2118 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
2119 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
2120 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
2121 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
2122 # the current state of affairs.
2123
2124 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
2125 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19):
2126 # http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html
2127 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
2128 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
2129 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
2130 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
2131
2132 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
2133 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
2134 # for these potential new Zones.
2135 #
2136 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
2137 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
2138 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
2139 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
2140 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
2141 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
2142 # required to use daylight savings.
2143
2144 # From <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
2145 # Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):
2146 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
2147 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
2148 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
2149 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
2150 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
2151 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
2152 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
2153 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
2154 # unified time zone in 1999.
2155 #
2156 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
2157 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
2158
2159 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2160 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
2161
2162 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
2163 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
2164 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
2165 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
2166 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
2167 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
2168 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
2169 # more.
2170 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
2171
2172 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
2173 # According to ...
2174 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
2175 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
2176 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
2177 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
2178 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
2179 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
2180 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
2181 #
2182 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-17):
2183 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
2184 # daylight saving only during wartime. Gwillim Law's email also
2185 # mentioned maps now maintained by National Research Council Canada;
2186 # see above for an up-to-date link.
2187
2188 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
2189 # ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
2190 # Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
2191 # Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
2192 # daylight saving....
2193 # http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
2194
2195 # From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):
2196 # Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute
2197 # Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of
2198 # the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had
2199 # decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.
2200 #
2201 # According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay
2202 # went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...
2203 #
2204 # On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March
2205 # 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I
2206 # talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able
2207 # to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was
2208 # explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone
2209 # (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).
2210 # i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks
2211 # had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in
2212 # so they could follow the correct TV schedule...
2213 #
2214 # On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I
2215 # phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature
2216 # of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of
2217 # information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of
2218 # Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for
2219 # Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived
2220 # and worked in Resolute Bay...
2221 #
2222 # On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that
2223 # Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of
2224 # 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead
2225 # on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay
2226 # had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not
2227 # tell me when the practice had stopped.
2228 #
2229 # On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of
2230 # somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went
2231 # off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz
2232 # used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the
2233 # businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on
2234 # Aziz:
2235 # http://www.uphere.ca/node/493
2236 #
2237 # I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using
2238 # Eastern Standard Time.
2239 #
2240 # Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the
2241 # 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way
2242 # of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in
2243 # the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"
2244 #
2245 # This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.
2246 #
2247 # I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz
2248 # responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You
2249 # may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a
2250 # search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"
2251 #
2252 # If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would
2253 # never have contacted her. I now believe that all the information I
2254 # obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...
2255 # I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.
2256
2257 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2258 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
2259 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
2260 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
2261 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
2262 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
2263 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
2264 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2265 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
2266 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2267 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2268 Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2269 Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2270 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2271 # aka Panniqtuuq
2272 Zone America/Pangnirtung 0 - -00 1921 # trading post est.
2273 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
2274 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2275 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2276 -5:00 Canada E%sT
2277 # formerly Frobisher Bay
2278 Zone America/Iqaluit 0 - -00 1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
2279 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2280 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2281 -5:00 Canada E%sT
2282 # aka Qausuittuq
2283 Zone America/Resolute 0 - -00 1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
2284 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2285 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2286 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2006 Oct 29 2:00
2287 -5:00 - EST 2007 Mar 11 3:00
2288 -6:00 Canada C%sT
2289 # aka Kangiqiniq
2290 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0 - -00 1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
2291 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2292 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2293 -6:00 Canada C%sT
2294 # aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
2295 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0 - -00 1920 # trading post est.?
2296 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2297 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2298 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
2299 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2300 -7:00 Canada M%sT
2301 Zone America/Yellowknife 0 - -00 1935 # Yellowknife founded?
2302 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2303 -7:00 Canada M%sT
2304 Zone America/Inuvik 0 - -00 1953 # Inuvik founded
2305 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
2306 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2307 -7:00 Canada M%sT
2308 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2309 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1967 May 28 0:00
2310 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2311 -8:00 Canada P%sT
2312 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2313 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
2314 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2315 -8:00 Canada P%sT
2316
2317
2318 ###############################################################################
2319
2320 # Mexico
2321
2322 # From Paul Eggert (2014-12-07):
2323 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
2324 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
2325 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
2326 # http://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/index.htm
2327 #
2328 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
2329 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
2330 # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
2331 # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
2332 # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
2333 # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
2334
2335 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
2336 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
2337 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
2338 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
2339 # the relevant documents.
2340
2341 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
2342 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
2343 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
2344 #
2345 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
2346 #
2347 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
2348 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
2349 #
2350 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
2351 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
2352 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
2353 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
2354 #
2355 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
2356 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
2357 # BajaNorte: GMT+7
2358 # BajaSur: GMT+6
2359 # General: GMT+5
2360 #
2361 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
2362 # BajaNorte: GMT+8
2363 # BajaSur: GMT+7
2364 # General: GMT+6
2365 #
2366 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
2367 #
2368 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
2369 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
2370 # For an English translation of the decree, see
2371 # "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).
2372 # http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html
2373
2374 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2375 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2376 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2377
2378 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2379 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2380 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2381 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2382 # Arizona year round.
2383
2384 # From Jesper Nørgaard, translating
2385 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2386 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2387 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2388 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2389 # whole year.
2390
2391 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2392 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2393 # (translated):...
2394 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2395 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2396 # this year....
2397 # http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001
2398 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2399 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2400
2401 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2402 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2403 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2404 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2405 # ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2406 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2407 # the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish
2408 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2409
2410 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
2411 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre
2412 # (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2413 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03).
2414
2415 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2416 #
2417 # http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html
2418 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2419 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2420 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that
2421 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2422 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2423 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2424 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2425 #
2426 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2427
2428 # From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01):
2429 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2430 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2431 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2432 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2433 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2434 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2435 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2436 # September 30, 2001.
2437 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2438 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2439
2440 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2441 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2442 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2443 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2444 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2445 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2446 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2447 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2448
2449 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2450 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2451 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2452 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2453 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2454
2455 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2456 #
2457 # Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2458 # > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2459 # > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2460 # > the United States.
2461 # Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2462 # 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2463 # http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2464 # http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2465 # (Spanish)
2466 #
2467 # Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2468 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2469 # (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2470 #
2471 # There is also a list of the votes here:
2472 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2473 #
2474 # Our page:
2475 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2476
2477 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2478 # The page
2479 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2480 # includes this text:
2481 # En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2482 # Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2483 # Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2484 # Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
2485 # desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2486 # horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2487 # En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2488 # fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2489 # internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2490 # kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2491 # interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2492 # efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2493 # las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2494
2495 # From Steffen Thorsen (2014-12-08), translated by Gwillim Law:
2496 # The Mexican state of Quintana Roo will likely change to EST in 2015.
2497 #
2498 # http://www.unioncancun.mx/articulo/2014/12/04/medio-ambiente/congreso-aprueba-una-hora-mas-de-sol-en-qroo
2499 # "With this change, the time conflict that has existed between the municipios
2500 # of Quintana Roo and the municipio of Felipe Carrillo Puerto may come to an
2501 # end. The latter declared itself in rebellion 15 years ago when a time change
2502 # was initiated in Mexico, and since then it has refused to change its time
2503 # zone along with the rest of the country."
2504 #
2505 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-01-14), translated by Gwillim Law:
2506 # http://sipse.com/novedades/confirman-aplicacion-de-nueva-zona-horaria-para-quintana-roo-132331.html
2507 # "...the new time zone will come into effect at two o'clock on the first Sunday
2508 # of February, when we will have to advance the clock one hour from its current
2509 # time..."
2510 # Also, the new zone will not use DST.
2511 #
2512 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2015-02-02):
2513 # The decree that modifies the Mexican Hour System Law has finally
2514 # been published at the Diario Oficial de la Federación
2515 # http://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5380123&fecha=31/01/2015
2516 # It establishes 5 zones for Mexico:
2517 # 1- Zona Centro (Central Zone): Corresponds to longitude 90 W,
2518 # includes most of Mexico, excluding what's mentioned below.
2519 # 2- Zona Pacífico (Pacific Zone): Longitude 105 W, includes the
2520 # states of Baja California Sur; Chihuahua; Nayarit (excluding Bahía
2521 # de Banderas which lies in Central Zone); Sinaloa and Sonora.
2522 # 3- Zona Noroeste (Northwest Zone): Longitude 120 W, includes the
2523 # state of Baja California.
2524 # 4- Zona Sureste (Southeast Zone): Longitude 75 W, includes the state
2525 # of Quintana Roo.
2526 # 5- The islands, reefs and keys shall take their timezone from the
2527 # longitude they are located at.
2528
2529 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2530 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
2531 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
2532 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
2533 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
2534 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
2535 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
2536 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
2537 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
2538 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2539 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2540 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2541 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
2542 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2543 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2544 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2545 # Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún
2546 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
2547 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2548 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
2549 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2015 Feb 1 2:00
2550 -5:00 - EST
2551 # Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida
2552 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
2553 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2554 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
2555 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2556 # Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2557 # This includes the following municipalities:
2558 # in Coahuila: Ocampo, Acuña, Zaragoza, Jiménez, Piedras Negras, Nava,
2559 # Guerrero, Hidalgo.
2560 # in Nuevo León: Anáhuac, Los Aldama.
2561 # in Tamaulipas: Nuevo Laredo, Guerrero, Mier, Miguel Alemán, Camargo,
2562 # Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Reynosa, Río Bravo, Valle Hermoso, Matamoros.
2563 # See: Inicia mañana Horario de Verano en zona fronteriza, El Universal,
2564 # 2016-03-12
2565 # http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/estados/2016/03/12/inicia-manana-horario-de-verano-en-zona-fronteriza
2566 Zone America/Matamoros -6:40:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:20:00
2567 -6:00 - CST 1988
2568 -6:00 US C%sT 1989
2569 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2010
2570 -6:00 US C%sT
2571 # Durango; Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2572 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
2573 -6:00 - CST 1988
2574 -6:00 US C%sT 1989
2575 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2576 # Central Mexico
2577 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
2578 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2579 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2580 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2581 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2582 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2583 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 2:00
2584 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
2585 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2586 # Chihuahua (near US border)
2587 # This includes the municipalities of Janos, Ascensión, Juárez, Guadalupe,
2588 # Práxedis G Guerrero, Coyame del Sotol, Ojinaga, and Manuel Benavides.
2589 # (See the 2016-03-12 El Universal source mentioned above.)
2590 Zone America/Ojinaga -6:57:40 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:02:20
2591 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2592 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2593 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2594 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2595 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2596 -6:00 - CST 1996
2597 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2598 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2599 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010
2600 -7:00 US M%sT
2601 # Chihuahua (away from US border)
2602 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
2603 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2604 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2605 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2606 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2607 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2608 -6:00 - CST 1996
2609 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2610 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2611 -7:00 Mexico M%sT
2612 # Sonora
2613 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
2614 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2615 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2616 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2617 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2618 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2619 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2620 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2621 -8:00 - PST 1970
2622 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
2623 -7:00 - MST
2624
2625 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2626 # According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2627 # changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2628 # share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2629 #
2630 # (Spanish)
2631 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2632 # país, a partir de este domingo
2633 # http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2634 #
2635 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2636 # País
2637 # http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50
2638 #
2639 # (English)
2640 # Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2641 # http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2642 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2643 #
2644 # "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2645 # will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2646 # zone ..."
2647 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2648
2649 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2650 # Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2651
2652 # Mazatlán
2653 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
2654 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2655 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2656 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2657 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2658 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2659 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2660 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2661 -8:00 - PST 1970
2662 -7:00 Mexico M%sT
2663
2664 # Bahía de Banderas
2665 Zone America/Bahia_Banderas -7:01:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:59:00
2666 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2667 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2668 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2669 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2670 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2671 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2672 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2673 -8:00 - PST 1970
2674 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010 Apr 4 2:00
2675 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2676
2677 # Baja California
2678 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
2679 -7:00 - MST 1924
2680 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2681 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
2682 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
2683 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
2684 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
2685 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2686 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2687 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
2688 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
2689 -8:00 - PST 1954
2690 -8:00 CA P%sT 1961
2691 -8:00 - PST 1976
2692 -8:00 US P%sT 1996
2693 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
2694 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
2695 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2010
2696 -8:00 US P%sT
2697 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2698 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2699 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2700 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
2701 # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
2702 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and
2703 # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2704 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
2705 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2706 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2707 # name or contents should be.
2708 #
2709 # From Paul Eggert (2015-10-08):
2710 # Formerly there was an America/Santa_Isabel zone, but this appears to
2711 # have come from a misreading of
2712 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2713 # It has been moved to the 'backward' file.
2714 #
2715 #
2716 # Revillagigedo Is
2717 # no information
2718
2719 ###############################################################################
2720
2721 # Anguilla
2722 # Antigua and Barbuda
2723 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2724
2725 # Bahamas
2726 #
2727 # For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
2728 #
2729 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2730 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2731 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2732 # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2733
2734 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2735 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2736 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2737 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2738 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:30 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2739 -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
2740 -5:00 US E%sT
2741
2742 # Barbados
2743
2744 # For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
2745
2746 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2747 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
2748 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2749 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
2750 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2751 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
2752 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2753 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:29 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
2754 -3:58:29 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2755 -4:00 Barb A%sT
2756
2757 # Belize
2758 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2759 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2760 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
2761 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
2762 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D
2763 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
2764 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D
2765 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S
2766 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2767 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
2768 -6:00 Belize C%sT
2769
2770 # Bermuda
2771
2772 # For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
2773 # Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that.
2774
2775 # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2776
2777 # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2778 # in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone
2779 # (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2780 # Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2781 # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2782
2783 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2784 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:18 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
2785 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2786 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1976
2787 -4:00 US A%sT
2788
2789 # Cayman Is
2790 # See America/Panama.
2791
2792 # Costa Rica
2793
2794 # Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest.
2795
2796 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2797 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2798 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2799 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2800 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2801 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2802 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
2803 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
2804 # There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
2805 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2806 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José
2807 -5:36:13 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
2808 -6:00 CR C%sT
2809 # Coco
2810 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2811
2812 # Cuba
2813
2814 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2815 # Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
2816 # for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
2817 # For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
2818
2819 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2820 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2821 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2822 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2823 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2824 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2825 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2826 # sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2827 # to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have
2828 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2829
2830 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):
2831 # DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the
2832 # years before. The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...
2833 # https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html
2834
2835 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2836 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2837 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2838 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2839 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2840 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2841 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2842 # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2843
2844 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2845 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2846 # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
2847 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2848
2849 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2850 # An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2851 # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2852 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2853 # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2854 # watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning
2855 # to the normal schedule....
2856
2857 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
2858 # <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday,
2859 # says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
2860 # For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
2861 # except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
2862 #
2863 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
2864 # Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
2865 # earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
2866 #
2867 # He supplied these references:
2868 #
2869 # http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
2870 # http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
2871 #
2872 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25):
2873 # Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
2874 #
2875 # Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre
2876 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
2877 #
2878 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
2879
2880 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
2881 # I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
2882 # Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
2883 # http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
2884 # a Cuban information station, and heard
2885 # the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
2886 # indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
2887
2888 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
2889 # It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
2890 # It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
2891 # http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
2892 #
2893 # Some more background information is posted here:
2894 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
2895 #
2896 # The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
2897 # while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
2898 # 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
2899 # observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
2900 # which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
2901 # change some historic records as well.
2902 #
2903 # One example:
2904 # http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
2905
2906 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
2907 # The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
2908 # web site, the Granma. Please check out
2909 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
2910 #
2911 # Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change
2912 # will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
2913
2914 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
2915 # Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
2916
2917 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
2918 # According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
2919 # midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
2920 # not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
2921 #
2922 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
2923 # (in Spanish)
2924
2925 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
2926 # I listened over the Internet to
2927 # http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
2928 # this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
2929 # the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating
2930 # that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
2931
2932 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):
2933 # Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00
2934 # this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has
2935 # changed at all).
2936 #
2937 # Source:
2938 # http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
2939 #
2940 # Our info:
2941 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
2942 #
2943 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
2944 # Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
2945 # tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.
2946 #
2947 # One source (Spanish)
2948 # http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
2949 #
2950 # Our page:
2951 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
2952 #
2953 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
2954 # According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
2955 # 31 and April 1.
2956 #
2957 # Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):
2958 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
2959 #
2960 # Our info on it:
2961 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
2962
2963 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
2964 # Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
2965 # to standard time on 2012-11-04:
2966 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre
2967 # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):
2968 # For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.
2969
2970 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2971 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
2972 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
2973 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2974 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2975 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2976 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2977 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
2978 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
2979 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
2980 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
2981 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
2982 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2983 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
2984 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2985 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2986 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
2987 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2988 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
2989 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2990 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2991 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
2992 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
2993 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2994 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
2995 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
2996 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
2997 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
2998 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2999 Rule Cuba 2000 2003 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
3000 Rule Cuba 2004 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
3001 Rule Cuba 2006 2010 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
3002 Rule Cuba 2007 only - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
3003 Rule Cuba 2008 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
3004 Rule Cuba 2009 2010 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
3005 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
3006 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Nov 13 0:00s 0 S
3007 Rule Cuba 2012 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 D
3008 Rule Cuba 2012 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:00s 0 S
3009 Rule Cuba 2013 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
3010
3011 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3012 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
3013 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
3014 -5:00 Cuba C%sT
3015
3016 # Dominica
3017 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3018
3019 # Dominican Republic
3020
3021 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
3022 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
3023 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
3024 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
3025
3026 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
3027 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
3028
3029 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
3030 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
3031 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
3032 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
3033 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
3034 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
3035 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
3036 # decided to revert.
3037
3038
3039 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3040 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
3041 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
3042 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
3043 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S
3044 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S
3045 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S
3046 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3047 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
3048 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
3049 -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
3050 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 2:00
3051 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 1:00
3052 -4:00 - AST
3053
3054 # El Salvador
3055
3056 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3057 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3058 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
3059 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
3060 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
3061 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3062 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
3063 -6:00 Salv C%sT
3064
3065 # Grenada
3066 # Guadeloupe
3067 # St Barthélemy
3068 # St Martin (French part)
3069 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3070
3071 # Guatemala
3072 #
3073 # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
3074 # Diario Co Latino, at
3075 # <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>,
3076 # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
3077 # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
3078 # impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
3079 # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
3080 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
3081 # The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
3082 # (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See
3083 # http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf
3084
3085 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3086 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
3087 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
3088 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
3089 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
3090 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
3091 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
3092 Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
3093 Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
3094 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3095 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
3096 -6:00 Guat C%sT
3097
3098 # Haiti
3099 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
3100 # Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
3101 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release
3102 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
3103 # <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>. Translated from French, it says:
3104 #
3105 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
3106 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
3107 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
3108 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
3109 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
3110 #
3111 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
3112 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
3113 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
3114 # October 2005.
3115 #
3116 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
3117 #
3118 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
3119 # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
3120 # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
3121 # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
3122 # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
3123 #
3124 # I have found this article about it (in French):
3125 # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
3126 #
3127 # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
3128
3129 # From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
3130 # Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
3131
3132 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):
3133 # According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,
3134 # apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
3135 # So this means they have already changed their time.
3136 #
3137 # http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
3138 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
3139 #
3140 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
3141 # The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
3142 # 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
3143 # Assume a US-style fall back as well.
3144
3145 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
3146 # It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
3147 # as US/Canada. They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
3148 # are going to observe DST every year now...
3149 #
3150 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
3151 # http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
3152
3153 # From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-12):
3154 # Jean Antoine, editor of www.haiti-reference.com informed us that Haiti
3155 # are not going on DST this year. Several other resources confirm this: ...
3156 # http://www.radiotelevisioncaraibes.com/presse/heure_d_t_pas_de_changement_d_heure_pr_vu_pour_cet_ann_e.html
3157 # http://www.vantbefinfo.com/changement-dheure-pas-pour-haiti/
3158 # http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-lheure-nationale-ne-sera-ni-avancee-ni-reculee-cette-annee/
3159
3160 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3161 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
3162 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
3163 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3164 # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
3165 # Go with IATA.
3166 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
3167 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
3168 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3169 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3170 Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
3171 Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
3172 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3173 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
3174 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
3175 -5:00 Haiti E%sT
3176
3177 # Honduras
3178 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
3179
3180 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
3181 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
3182 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
3183 # months until September. La Tribuna reported today
3184 # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
3185 # of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
3186
3187 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
3188 # It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
3189 # 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
3190 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
3191
3192 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
3193 # Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08).
3194 # http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12
3195 # It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
3196
3197 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
3198 # Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
3199 # published, I have located this authoritative source:
3200 # http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
3201
3202 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
3203 # http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
3204 # So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
3205
3206 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3207 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3208 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
3209 Rule Hond 2006 only - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3210 Rule Hond 2006 only - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S
3211 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3212 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
3213 -6:00 Hond C%sT
3214 #
3215 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
3216
3217 # Jamaica
3218 # Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
3219 # unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
3220 # island". Go with Milne. Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
3221 #
3222 # Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but
3223 # Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.
3224 # Assume Neita meant Jan 6 02:00, the same as the US. Neita also writes that
3225 # Manley's supporters associated this act with Manley's nickname "Joshua"
3226 # (recall that in the Bible the sun stood still at Joshua's request),
3227 # and with the Rod of Correction which Manley said he had received from
3228 # Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia. See:
3229 # Neita L. The politician in all of us. Jamaica Observer 2014-09-20
3230 # http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
3231 #
3232 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3233 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:11 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
3234 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3235 -5:00 - EST 1974
3236 -5:00 US E%sT 1984
3237 -5:00 - EST
3238
3239 # Martinique
3240 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3241 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
3242 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
3243 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
3244 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
3245 -4:00 - AST
3246
3247 # Montserrat
3248 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3249
3250 # Nicaragua
3251 #
3252 # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
3253 #
3254 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
3255 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
3256 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
3257 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
3258 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
3259 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
3260 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
3261 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
3262 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
3263 #
3264 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
3265 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
3266 # assume that it is daylight saving....
3267 #
3268 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
3269 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
3270 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
3271 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
3272 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
3273 # during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."...
3274 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
3275 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
3276 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
3277 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
3278 #
3279 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
3280 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
3281 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
3282 # (2005-09-26)
3283 #
3284 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
3285 # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
3286 # (my informal translation)
3287 # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua
3288 # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
3289 # morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September.
3290 #
3291 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
3292 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
3293 # My informal translation runs:
3294 # The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
3295 # time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
3296 #
3297 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3298 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
3299 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
3300 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
3301 Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3302 Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
3303 Rule Nic 2006 only - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
3304 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3305 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
3306 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
3307 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
3308 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
3309 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
3310 -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
3311 -6:00 - CST 1993
3312 -5:00 - EST 1997
3313 -6:00 Nic C%sT
3314
3315 # Panama
3316 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3317 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
3318 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time
3319 -5:00 - EST
3320 Link America/Panama America/Cayman
3321
3322 # Puerto Rico
3323 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
3324 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3325 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
3326 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
3327 -4:00 US A%sT 1946
3328 -4:00 - AST
3329
3330 # St Kitts-Nevis
3331 # St Lucia
3332 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3333
3334 # St Pierre and Miquelon
3335 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
3336 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3337 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
3338 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
3339 -3:00 - PMST 1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
3340 -3:00 Canada PM%sT
3341
3342 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
3343 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3344
3345 # Turks and Caicos
3346 #
3347 # From Chris Dunn in
3348 # http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=415007
3349 # (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
3350 # daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
3351 # the recent U.S. change of dates.
3352 #
3353 # From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
3354 # http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
3355 # there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
3356 # rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
3357 # "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
3358 # Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
3359 # indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
3360 #
3361 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-19):
3362 # The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UT -04 year-round. See:
3363 # http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm
3364 # Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST ...
3365 # From Chris Walton (2014-11-04):
3366 # ... the TCI government appears to have delayed the switch to
3367 # "permanent daylight saving time" by one year....
3368 # http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm
3369 #
3370 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3371 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
3372 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3373 -5:00 - EST 1979
3374 -5:00 US E%sT 2015 Nov Sun>=1 2:00
3375 -4:00 - AST
3376
3377 # British Virgin Is
3378 # Virgin Is
3379 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3380
3381
3382 # Local Variables:
3383 # coding: utf-8
3384 # End: