12 # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
13 # version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
14 # accompanied this code).
15 #
16 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
17 # 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
18 # Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
19 #
20 # Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
21 # or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
22 # questions.
23 #
24 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
25 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
26
27 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
28 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
29 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
30 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
31
32 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
33 #
34 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
35 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
36 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
37 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
38 #
39 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
40 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
41 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
42 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
43 # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
44 # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
45 #
46 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
47 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
48 # I found in the UCLA library.
49 #
50 # For data circa 1899, a common source is:
51 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
52 # http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
53 #
54 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
55 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
56 #
57 # Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT
58 # for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively,
59 # but Mark R V Murray reports that
60 # 'SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa,
61 # 'CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and
62 # 'WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for
63 # the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa".
64 # He has heard of "Western Sahara Time" for +0:00 but can find no reference.
65 #
66 # To make things confusing, 'WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;
67 # I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00,
68 # and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00.
69 # This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African
70 # mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara.
71 #
72 # To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency:
73 # -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used)
74 # 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time
75 # 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time
76 # 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time
77 # and Murray suggests the following abbreviation:
78 # 1:00 WAT West Africa Time
79 # I realize that this leads to 'WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00
80 # for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of
81 # until we get more information.
82 #
83 # I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome!
84 # 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time
85 # 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used)
86 # 2:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used)
87 # 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
88 # 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
89 # 3:00 EAT East Africa Time
90
91 # Algeria
92 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
93 Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S
94 Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 -
95 Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S
96 Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S
97 Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S
98 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S
99 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 -
100 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S
101 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 -
102 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S
103 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 -
104 Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
105 Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 -
106 Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 -
107 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S
108 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 -
109 Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S
127 1:00 - CET
128
129 # Angola
130 # Benin
131 # See Africa/Lagos.
132
133 # Botswana
134 # See Africa/Maputo.
135
136 # Burkina Faso
137 # See Africa/Abidjan.
138
139 # Burundi
140 # See Africa/Maputo.
141
142 # Cameroon
143 # See Africa/Lagos.
144
145 # Cape Verde / Cabo Verde
146 #
147 # Shanks gives 1907 for the transition to CVT.
148 # Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree
149 # http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
150 # merely made it official?
151 #
152 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
153 Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia
154 -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep
155 -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15
156 -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00
157 -1:00 - CVT
158
159 # Central African Republic
160 # See Africa/Lagos.
161
162 # Chad
163 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
164 Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 # N'Djamena
165 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14
166 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8
167 1:00 - WAT
168
169 # Comoros
170 # See Africa/Nairobi.
171
172 # Democratic Republic of the Congo
173 # See Africa/Lagos for the western part and Africa/Maputo for the eastern.
174
175 # Republic of the Congo
176 # See Africa/Lagos.
177
394 # See Africa/Nairobi.
395
396 # Gabon
397 # See Africa/Lagos.
398
399 # Gambia
400 # See Africa/Abidjan.
401
402 # Ghana
403 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
404 # Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to "the present";
405 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1936 to 1942;
406 # and September 1 to January 1 is given by:
407 # Scott Keltie J, Epstein M (eds), The Statesman's Year-Book,
408 # 57th ed. Macmillan, London (1920), OCLC 609408015, pp xxviii.
409 # For lack of better info, assume DST was observed from 1920 to 1942.
410 Rule Ghana 1920 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST
411 Rule Ghana 1920 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT
412 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
413 Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918
414 0:00 Ghana %s
415
416 # Guinea
417 # See Africa/Abidjan.
418
419 # Guinea-Bissau
420 #
421 # Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT,
422 # evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree
423 # http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
424 # with the date that it took effect, namely 1912-01-01.
425 #
426 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
427 Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1
428 -1:00 - WAT 1975
429 0:00 - GMT
430
431 # Kenya
432 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
433 Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul
434 3:00 - EAT 1930
435 2:30 - BEAT 1940
436 2:45 - BEAUT 1960
437 3:00 - EAT
438 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Addis_Ababa # Ethiopia
439 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Asmara # Eritrea
440 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Dar_es_Salaam # Tanzania
441 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Djibouti
442 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Kampala # Uganda
443 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Mogadishu # Somalia
444 Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Antananarivo # Madagascar
445 Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Comoro
446 Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Mayotte
447
448 # Lesotho
449 # See Africa/Johannesburg.
450
451 # Liberia
452 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
453 # In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
454 # from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.
455 # Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
456 # Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan;
457 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
458 # For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and
459 # Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
460 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
461 Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882
462 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
463 -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time
464 0:00 - GMT
465
466 ###############################################################################
467
468 # Libya
469
470 # From Even Scharning (2012-11-10):
471 # Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10.
472 # http://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/
473 # Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc
474 #
475 # Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in
476 # http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html
477 #
478 # From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11):
479 # Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1.
480 # The DST rules planned for 2013 and onward roughly mirror those of Europe
481 # (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on
482 # lastFri instead of lastSun).
483
602 #
603 # Some sources, in French:
604 # http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB
605 # http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-
606 #
607 # Our wrap-up:
608 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html
609
610 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11):
611 # The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this:
612 # "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour
613 # at 2am (or 02:00) local time..."
614
615 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
616 Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S
617 Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 -
618 Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
619 Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
620 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
621 Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis
622 4:00 Mauritius MU%sT # Mauritius Time
623 # Agalega Is, Rodriguez
624 # no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius
625
626 # Mayotte
627 # See Africa/Nairobi.
628
629 # Morocco
630 # See the 'europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).
631
632 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
633 # Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between
634 # 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008.
635 #
636 # "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will
637 # be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to
638 # Communication Minister and Government Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...."
639 #
640 # http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html
641 # http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html
642
921 Rule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 4 3:00 0 -
922
923 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
924 Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26
925 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16
926 1:00 - CET 1986
927 0:00 Morocco WE%sT
928
929 # Western Sahara
930 #
931 # From Gwillim Law (2013-10-22):
932 # A correspondent who is usually well informed about time zone matters
933 # ... says that Western Sahara observes daylight saving time, just as
934 # Morocco does.
935 #
936 # From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23):
937 # Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT,
938 # since most of it was then controlled by Morocco.
939
940 Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan # El Aaiún
941 -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14
942 0:00 Morocco WE%sT
943
944 # Mozambique
945 #
946 # Shanks gives 1903-03-01 for the transition to CAT.
947 # Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree
948 # http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
949 # merely made it official?
950 #
951 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
952 Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar
953 2:00 - CAT
954 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Blantyre # Malawi
955 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Bujumbura # Burundi
956 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Gaborone # Botswana
957 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Harare # Zimbabwe
958 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Kigali # Rwanda
959 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Lubumbashi # E Dem. Rep. of Congo
960 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Lusaka # Zambia
961
962 # Namibia
963 # The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger.
964 # Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
965
966 # From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30):
967 # http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html
968 # While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other
969 # settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there
970 # rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of
971 # Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of
972 # the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest
973 # of the country.
974 #
975 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31):
976 # Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but
977 # we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone.
978
979 # RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
980 Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
981 Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
982 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
983 Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
984 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time
985 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00
986 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00
987 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence
988 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3
989 1:00 Namibia WA%sT
990
991 # Niger
992 # See Africa/Lagos.
993
994 # Nigeria
995 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
996 Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep
997 1:00 - WAT
998 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Bangui # Central African Republic
999 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Brazzaville # Rep. of the Congo
1000 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Douala # Cameroon
1001 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Kinshasa # Dem. Rep. of the Congo (west)
1002 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Libreville # Gabon
1003 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Luanda # Angola
1004 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Malabo # Equatorial Guinea
1005 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Niamey # Niger
1006 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Porto-Novo # Benin
1007
1008 # Réunion
1009 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1010 Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
1011 4:00 - RET # Réunion Time
1012 #
1013 # Crozet Islands also observes Réunion time; see the 'antarctica' file.
1014 #
1015 # Scattered Islands (Îles Éparses) administered from Réunion are as follows.
1016 # The following information about them is taken from
1017 # Îles Éparses (<http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm>, 1997-07-22,
1018 # in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
1019 # We have no info about their time zone histories.
1020 #
1021 # Bassas da India - uninhabited
1022 # Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
1023 # Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
1024 # Juan de Nova - uninhabited
1025 # Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958
1026
1027 # Rwanda
1028 # See Africa/Maputo.
1029
1030 # St Helena
1031 # See Africa/Abidjan.
1032 # The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar:
1033 # Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA
1034 # Ascension: on GMT, say the USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA
1035 # Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously):
1036 # on GMT, says the CIA
1037 # Inaccessible, Nightingale: uninhabited
1038
1039 # São Tomé and Príncipe
1040 # Senegal
1041 # See Africa/Abidjan.
1042
1043 # Seychelles
1044 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1045 Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria
1046 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time
1047 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
1048 # Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the
1049 # Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory
1050 # in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know
1051 # whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.
1052 # Possibly the islands were uninhabited.
1053
1054 # Sierra Leone
1055 # See Africa/Abidjan.
1056
1057 # Somalia
1058 # See Africa/Nairobi.
1059
1060 # South Africa
1061 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1062 Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 -
1063 Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
1064 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1065 Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
1066 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar
|
12 # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
13 # version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
14 # accompanied this code).
15 #
16 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
17 # 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
18 # Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
19 #
20 # Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
21 # or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
22 # questions.
23 #
24 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
25 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
26
27 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
28 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
29 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
30 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
31
32 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-20):
33 #
34 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
35 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
36 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
37 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
38 #
39 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
40 # for time zone data was the International Air Transport
41 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
42 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
43 # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
44 # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
45 #
46 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
47 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
48 # I found in the UCLA library.
49 #
50 # For data circa 1899, a common source is:
51 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.
52 # http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359
53 #
54 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
55 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
56 #
57 # European-style abbreviations are commonly used along the Mediterranean.
58 # For sub-Saharan Africa abbreviations were less standardized.
59 # Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT
60 # for UT +00 through +03, respectively,
61 # but in 1997 Mark R V Murray reported that
62 # 'SAST' is the official abbreviation for +02 in the country of South Africa,
63 # 'CAT' is commonly used for +02 in countries north of South Africa, and
64 # 'WAT' is probably the best name for +01, as the common phrase for
65 # the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa".
66 #
67 # To summarize, the following abbreviations seemed to have some currency:
68 # +00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time
69 # +02 CAT Central Africa Time
70 # +02 SAST South Africa Standard Time
71 # and Murray suggested the following abbreviation:
72 # +01 WAT West Africa Time
73 # Murray's suggestion seems to have caught on in news reports and the like.
74 # I vaguely recall 'WAT' also being used for -01 in the past but
75 # cannot now come up with solid citations.
76 #
77 # I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome!
78 # +02 WAST West Africa Summer Time
79 # +03 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
80 # +03 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used)
81 # +03 EAT East Africa Time
82 # 'EAT' also seems to have caught on; the others are rare but are paired
83 # with better-attested non-DST abbreviations.
84
85 # Algeria
86 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
87 Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S
88 Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 -
89 Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S
90 Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S
91 Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S
92 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S
93 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 -
94 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S
95 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 -
96 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S
97 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 -
98 Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S
99 Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 -
100 Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 -
101 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S
102 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 -
103 Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S
121 1:00 - CET
122
123 # Angola
124 # Benin
125 # See Africa/Lagos.
126
127 # Botswana
128 # See Africa/Maputo.
129
130 # Burkina Faso
131 # See Africa/Abidjan.
132
133 # Burundi
134 # See Africa/Maputo.
135
136 # Cameroon
137 # See Africa/Lagos.
138
139 # Cape Verde / Cabo Verde
140 #
141 # Shanks gives 1907 for the transition to +02.
142 # Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree
143 # https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
144 # merely made it official?
145 #
146 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
147 Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia
148 -2:00 - -02 1942 Sep
149 -2:00 1:00 -01 1945 Oct 15
150 -2:00 - -02 1975 Nov 25 2:00
151 -1:00 - -01
152
153 # Central African Republic
154 # See Africa/Lagos.
155
156 # Chad
157 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
158 Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 # N'Djamena
159 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14
160 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8
161 1:00 - WAT
162
163 # Comoros
164 # See Africa/Nairobi.
165
166 # Democratic Republic of the Congo
167 # See Africa/Lagos for the western part and Africa/Maputo for the eastern.
168
169 # Republic of the Congo
170 # See Africa/Lagos.
171
388 # See Africa/Nairobi.
389
390 # Gabon
391 # See Africa/Lagos.
392
393 # Gambia
394 # See Africa/Abidjan.
395
396 # Ghana
397 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
398 # Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to "the present";
399 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1936 to 1942;
400 # and September 1 to January 1 is given by:
401 # Scott Keltie J, Epstein M (eds), The Statesman's Year-Book,
402 # 57th ed. Macmillan, London (1920), OCLC 609408015, pp xxviii.
403 # For lack of better info, assume DST was observed from 1920 to 1942.
404 Rule Ghana 1920 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST
405 Rule Ghana 1920 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT
406 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
407 Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918
408 0:00 Ghana GMT/+0020
409
410 # Guinea
411 # See Africa/Abidjan.
412
413 # Guinea-Bissau
414 #
415 # Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT,
416 # evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree
417 # https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
418 # with the date that it took effect, namely 1912-01-01.
419 #
420 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
421 Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1
422 -1:00 - -01 1975
423 0:00 - GMT
424
425 # Kenya
426 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
427 Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul
428 3:00 - EAT 1930
429 2:30 - +0230 1940
430 2:45 - +0245 1960
431 3:00 - EAT
432 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Addis_Ababa # Ethiopia
433 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Asmara # Eritrea
434 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Dar_es_Salaam # Tanzania
435 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Djibouti
436 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Kampala # Uganda
437 Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Mogadishu # Somalia
438 Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Antananarivo # Madagascar
439 Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Comoro
440 Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Mayotte
441
442 # Lesotho
443 # See Africa/Johannesburg.
444
445 # Liberia
446 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
447 # In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch
448 # from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes.
449 # Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday.
450 # Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan;
451 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
452 # For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and
453 # Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure.
454 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
455 Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882
456 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time
457 -0:44:30 - -004430 1972 May
458 0:00 - GMT
459
460 ###############################################################################
461
462 # Libya
463
464 # From Even Scharning (2012-11-10):
465 # Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10.
466 # http://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/
467 # Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc
468 #
469 # Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in
470 # http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html
471 #
472 # From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11):
473 # Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1.
474 # The DST rules planned for 2013 and onward roughly mirror those of Europe
475 # (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on
476 # lastFri instead of lastSun).
477
596 #
597 # Some sources, in French:
598 # http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB
599 # http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-
600 #
601 # Our wrap-up:
602 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html
603
604 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11):
605 # The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this:
606 # "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour
607 # at 2am (or 02:00) local time..."
608
609 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
610 Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S
611 Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 -
612 Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
613 Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
614 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
615 Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis
616 4:00 Mauritius +04/+05
617 # Agalega Is, Rodriguez
618 # no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius
619
620 # Mayotte
621 # See Africa/Nairobi.
622
623 # Morocco
624 # See the 'europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).
625
626 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
627 # Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between
628 # 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008.
629 #
630 # "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will
631 # be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to
632 # Communication Minister and Government Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...."
633 #
634 # http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html
635 # http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html
636
915 Rule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 4 3:00 0 -
916
917 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
918 Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26
919 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16
920 1:00 - CET 1986
921 0:00 Morocco WE%sT
922
923 # Western Sahara
924 #
925 # From Gwillim Law (2013-10-22):
926 # A correspondent who is usually well informed about time zone matters
927 # ... says that Western Sahara observes daylight saving time, just as
928 # Morocco does.
929 #
930 # From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23):
931 # Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT,
932 # since most of it was then controlled by Morocco.
933
934 Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan # El Aaiún
935 -1:00 - -01 1976 Apr 14
936 0:00 Morocco WE%sT
937
938 # Mozambique
939 #
940 # Shanks gives 1903-03-01 for the transition to CAT.
941 # Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree
942 # https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf
943 # merely made it official?
944 #
945 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
946 Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar
947 2:00 - CAT
948 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Blantyre # Malawi
949 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Bujumbura # Burundi
950 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Gaborone # Botswana
951 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Harare # Zimbabwe
952 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Kigali # Rwanda
953 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Lubumbashi # E Dem. Rep. of Congo
954 Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Lusaka # Zambia
955
956 # Namibia
957 # The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger.
958 # Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA.
959
960 # From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30):
961 # http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html
962 # While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other
963 # settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there
964 # rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of
965 # Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of
966 # the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest
967 # of the country.
968 #
969 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22):
970 # Although the Zambezi Region (formerly known as Caprivi) informally
971 # observes Botswana time, we have no details about historical practice.
972 # In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone.
973 # See: Immanuel S. The Namibian. 2017-02-23.
974 # http://www.namibian.com.na/51480/read/Time-change-divides-lawmakers
975
976 # RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
977 Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
978 Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
979 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
980 Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
981 1:30 - +0130 1903 Mar
982 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00
983 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00
984 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence
985 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3
986 1:00 Namibia WA%sT
987
988 # Niger
989 # See Africa/Lagos.
990
991 # Nigeria
992 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
993 Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep
994 1:00 - WAT
995 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Bangui # Central African Republic
996 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Brazzaville # Rep. of the Congo
997 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Douala # Cameroon
998 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Kinshasa # Dem. Rep. of the Congo (west)
999 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Libreville # Gabon
1000 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Luanda # Angola
1001 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Malabo # Equatorial Guinea
1002 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Niamey # Niger
1003 Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Porto-Novo # Benin
1004
1005 # Réunion
1006 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1007 Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
1008 4:00 - +04
1009 #
1010 # Crozet Islands also observes Réunion time; see the 'antarctica' file.
1011 #
1012 # Scattered Islands (Îles Éparses) administered from Réunion are as follows.
1013 # The following information about them is taken from
1014 # Îles Éparses (<http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm>, 1997-07-22,
1015 # in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
1016 # We have no info about their time zone histories.
1017 #
1018 # Bassas da India - uninhabited
1019 # Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
1020 # Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
1021 # Juan de Nova - uninhabited
1022 # Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958
1023
1024 # Rwanda
1025 # See Africa/Maputo.
1026
1027 # St Helena
1028 # See Africa/Abidjan.
1029 # The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar:
1030 # Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA
1031 # Ascension: on GMT, say the USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA
1032 # Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously):
1033 # on GMT, says the CIA
1034 # Inaccessible, Nightingale: uninhabited
1035
1036 # São Tomé and Príncipe
1037 # Senegal
1038 # See Africa/Abidjan.
1039
1040 # Seychelles
1041 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1042 Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria
1043 4:00 - +04
1044 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
1045 # Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the
1046 # Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory
1047 # in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know
1048 # whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.
1049 # Possibly the islands were uninhabited.
1050
1051 # Sierra Leone
1052 # See Africa/Abidjan.
1053
1054 # Somalia
1055 # See Africa/Nairobi.
1056
1057 # South Africa
1058 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1059 Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 -
1060 Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
1061 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1062 Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8
1063 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar
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