50 # Northern Territory 51 Zone Australia/Darwin 8:43:20 - LMT 1895 Feb 52 9:00 - ACST 1899 May 53 9:30 Aus AC%sT 54 # Western Australia 55 # 56 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 57 Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 58 Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 59 Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 60 Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 61 Rule AW 1991 only - Nov 17 2:00s 1:00 D 62 Rule AW 1992 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 63 Rule AW 2006 only - Dec 3 2:00s 1:00 D 64 Rule AW 2007 2009 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S 65 Rule AW 2007 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 66 Zone Australia/Perth 7:43:24 - LMT 1895 Dec 67 8:00 Aus AW%sT 1943 Jul 68 8:00 AW AW%sT 69 Zone Australia/Eucla 8:35:28 - LMT 1895 Dec 70 8:45 Aus ACW%sT 1943 Jul 71 8:45 AW ACW%sT 72 73 # Queensland 74 # 75 # From Alex Livingston (1996-11-01): 76 # I have heard or read more than once that some resort islands off the coast 77 # of Queensland chose to keep observing daylight-saving time even after 78 # Queensland ceased to. 79 # 80 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 81 # IATA SSIM (1993-02/1994-09) say that the Holiday Islands (Hayman, Lindeman, 82 # Hamilton) observed DST for two years after the rest of Queensland stopped. 83 # Hamilton is the largest, but there is also a Hamilton in Victoria, 84 # so use Lindeman. 85 # 86 # From J William Piggott (2016-02-20): 87 # There is no location named Holiday Islands in Queensland Australia; holiday 88 # islands is a colloquial term used globally. Hayman and Lindeman are at the 89 # north and south extremes of the Whitsunday Islands archipelago, and 90 # Hamilton is in between; it is reasonable to believe that this time zone 91 # applies to all of the Whitsundays. 218 9:30 AS AC%sT 219 220 # Lord Howe Island 221 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 222 Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 223 Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 S 224 Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 D 225 Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 S 226 Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00 0:30 D 227 Rule LH 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 D 228 Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 S 229 Rule LH 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 S 230 Rule LH 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00 0:30 D 231 Rule LH 2001 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 D 232 Rule LH 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 S 233 Rule LH 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 S 234 Rule LH 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 S 235 Rule LH 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0:30 D 236 Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb 237 10:00 - AEST 1981 Mar 238 10:30 LH LH%sT 239 240 # Australian miscellany 241 # 242 # Ashmore Is, Cartier 243 # no indigenous inhabitants; only seasonal caretakers 244 # no times are set 245 # 246 # Coral Sea Is 247 # no indigenous inhabitants; only meteorologists 248 # no times are set 249 # 250 # Macquarie 251 # Permanent occupation (scientific station) 1911-1915 and since 25 March 1948; 252 # sealing and penguin oil station operated Nov 1899 to Apr 1919. See the 253 # Tasmania Parks & Wildlife Service history of sealing at Macquarie Island 254 # http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1828 255 # http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1831 256 # Guess that it was like Australia/Hobart while inhabited before 2010. 257 # 258 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10): 259 # We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: 260 # - Macquarie Island will stay on UTC+11 for winter and therefore not 261 # switch back from daylight savings time when other parts of Australia do 262 # on 4 April. 263 # 264 # From Arthur David Olson (2013-05-23): 265 # The 1919 transition is overspecified below so pre-2013 zics 266 # will produce a binary file with an [A]EST-type as the first 32-bit type; 267 # this is required for correct handling of times before 1916 by 268 # pre-2013 versions of localtime. 269 Zone Antarctica/Macquarie 0 - -00 1899 Nov 270 10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00 271 10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb 272 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1919 Apr 1 0:00s 273 0 - -00 1948 Mar 25 274 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1967 275 10:00 AT AE%sT 2010 Apr 4 3:00 276 11:00 - MIST # Macquarie I Standard Time 277 278 # Christmas 279 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 280 Zone Indian/Christmas 7:02:52 - LMT 1895 Feb 281 7:00 - CXT # Christmas Island Time 282 283 # Cocos (Keeling) Is 284 # These islands were ruled by the Ross family from about 1830 to 1978. 285 # We don't know when standard time was introduced; for now, we guess 1900. 286 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 287 Zone Indian/Cocos 6:27:40 - LMT 1900 288 6:30 - CCT # Cocos Islands Time 289 290 291 # Fiji 292 293 # Milne gives 11:55:44 for Suva. 294 295 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-11-10): 296 # According to Fiji Broadcasting Corporation, Fiji plans to re-introduce DST 297 # from November 29th 2009 to April 25th 2010. 298 # 299 # "Daylight savings to commence this month" 300 # http://www.radiofiji.com.fj/fullstory.php?id=23719 301 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_fiji01.html 302 303 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-11-10): 304 # The Fiji Government has posted some more details about the approved 305 # amendments: 306 # http://www.fiji.gov.fj/publish/page_16198.shtml 307 308 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-03): 381 382 # From Paul Eggert (2016-10-03): 383 # For now, guess DST from 02:00 the first Sunday in November to 384 # 03:00 the third Sunday in January. Although ad hoc, it matches 385 # transitions since late 2014 and seems more likely to match future 386 # practice than guessing no DST. 387 388 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 389 Rule Fiji 1998 1999 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 390 Rule Fiji 1999 2000 - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 - 391 Rule Fiji 2009 only - Nov 29 2:00 1:00 S 392 Rule Fiji 2010 only - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 - 393 Rule Fiji 2010 2013 - Oct Sun>=21 2:00 1:00 S 394 Rule Fiji 2011 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 - 395 Rule Fiji 2012 2013 - Jan Sun>=18 3:00 0 - 396 Rule Fiji 2014 only - Jan Sun>=18 2:00 0 - 397 Rule Fiji 2014 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 398 Rule Fiji 2015 max - Jan Sun>=15 3:00 0 - 399 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 400 Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:55:44 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva 401 12:00 Fiji FJ%sT # Fiji Time 402 403 # French Polynesia 404 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 405 Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea 406 -9:00 - GAMT # Gambier Time 407 Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct 408 -9:30 - MART # Marquesas Time 409 Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete 410 -10:00 - TAHT # Tahiti Time 411 # Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia; 412 # it is uninhabited. 413 414 # Guam 415 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 416 Zone Pacific/Guam -14:21:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 417 9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana 418 10:00 - GST 2000 Dec 23 # Guam 419 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time 420 Link Pacific/Guam Pacific/Saipan # N Mariana Is 421 422 # Kiribati 423 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 424 Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki 425 12:00 - GILT # Gilbert Is Time 426 Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901 427 -12:00 - PHOT 1979 Oct # Phoenix Is Time 428 -11:00 - PHOT 1995 429 13:00 - PHOT 430 Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901 431 -10:40 - LINT 1979 Oct # Line Is Time 432 -10:00 - LINT 1995 433 14:00 - LINT 434 435 # N Mariana Is 436 # See Pacific/Guam. 437 438 # Marshall Is 439 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 440 Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901 441 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct # Marshall Islands Time 442 12:00 - MHT 443 Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901 444 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct 445 -12:00 - KWAT 1993 Aug 20 # Kwajalein Time 446 12:00 - MHT 447 448 # Micronesia 449 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 450 Zone Pacific/Chuuk 10:07:08 - LMT 1901 451 10:00 - CHUT # Chuuk Time 452 Zone Pacific/Pohnpei 10:32:52 - LMT 1901 # Kolonia 453 11:00 - PONT # Pohnpei Time 454 Zone Pacific/Kosrae 10:51:56 - LMT 1901 455 11:00 - KOST 1969 Oct # Kosrae Time 456 12:00 - KOST 1999 457 11:00 - KOST 458 459 # Nauru 460 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 461 Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe 462 11:30 - NRT 1942 Mar 15 # Nauru Time 463 9:00 - JST 1944 Aug 15 464 11:30 - NRT 1979 May 465 12:00 - NRT 466 467 # New Caledonia 468 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 469 Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 470 Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 - 471 Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 S 472 # Shanks & Pottenger say the following was at 2:00; go with IATA. 473 Rule NC 1997 only - Mar 2 2:00s 0 - 474 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 475 Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Nouméa 476 11:00 NC NC%sT 477 478 479 ############################################################################### 480 481 # New Zealand 482 483 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 484 Rule NZ 1927 only - Nov 6 2:00 1:00 S 485 Rule NZ 1928 only - Mar 4 2:00 0 M 486 Rule NZ 1928 1933 - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0:30 S 487 Rule NZ 1929 1933 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 M 488 Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 0 M 489 Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0:30 S 490 Rule NZ 1946 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S 491 # Since 1957 Chatham has been 45 minutes ahead of NZ, but there's no 492 # convenient single notation for the date and time of this transition 493 # so we must duplicate the Rule lines. 494 Rule NZ 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D 495 Rule Chatham 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D 496 Rule NZ 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S 497 Rule Chatham 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:45s 0 S 498 Rule NZ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 499 Rule Chatham 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:45s 1:00 D 500 Rule NZ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 501 Rule Chatham 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:45s 0 S 502 Rule NZ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00s 1:00 D 503 Rule Chatham 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:45s 1:00 D 504 Rule NZ 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D 505 Rule Chatham 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D 506 Rule NZ 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S 507 Rule Chatham 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:45s 0 S 508 Rule NZ 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 509 Rule Chatham 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:45s 1:00 D 510 Rule NZ 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 511 Rule Chatham 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:45s 0 S 512 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 513 Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868 Nov 2 514 11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1946 Jan 1 515 12:00 NZ NZ%sT 516 Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:13:48 - LMT 1868 Nov 2 517 12:15 - CHAST 1946 Jan 1 518 12:45 Chatham CHA%sT 519 520 Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo 521 522 # Auckland Is 523 # uninhabited; Māori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers, 524 # and scientific personnel have wintered 525 526 # Campbell I 527 # minor whaling stations operated 1909/1914 528 # scientific station operated 1941/1995; 529 # previously whalers, sealers, pastoralists, and scientific personnel wintered 530 # was probably like Pacific/Auckland 531 532 # Cook Is 533 # From Shanks & Pottenger: 534 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 535 Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 HS 536 Rule Cook 1979 1991 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - 537 Rule Cook 1979 1990 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS 538 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 539 Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua 540 -10:30 - CKT 1978 Nov 12 # Cook Is Time 541 -10:00 Cook CK%sT 542 543 ############################################################################### 544 545 546 # Niue 547 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 548 Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi 549 -11:20 - NUT 1951 # Niue Time 550 -11:30 - NUT 1978 Oct 1 551 -11:00 - NUT 552 553 # Norfolk 554 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 555 Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston 556 11:12 - NMT 1951 # Norfolk Mean Time 557 11:30 - NFT 1974 Oct 27 02:00 # Norfolk T. 558 11:30 1:00 NFST 1975 Mar 2 02:00 559 11:30 - NFT 2015 Oct 4 02:00 560 11:00 - NFT 561 562 # Palau (Belau) 563 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 564 Zone Pacific/Palau 8:57:56 - LMT 1901 # Koror 565 9:00 - PWT # Palau Time 566 567 # Papua New Guinea 568 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 569 Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880 570 9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time 571 10:00 - PGT # Papua New Guinea Time 572 # 573 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-13): 574 # Base the Bougainville entry on the Arawa-Kieta region, which appears to have 575 # the most people even though it was devastated in the Bougainville Civil War. 576 # 577 # Although Shanks gives 1942-03-15 / 1943-11-01 for UT +09, these dates 578 # are apparently rough guesswork from the starts of military campaigns. 579 # The World War II entries below are instead based on Arawa-Kieta. 580 # The Japanese occupied Kieta in July 1942, 581 # according to the Pacific War Online Encyclopedia 582 # http://pwencycl.kgbudge.com/B/o/Bougainville.htm 583 # and seem to have controlled it until their 1945-08-21 surrender. 584 # 585 # The Autonomous Region of Bougainville switched from UT +10 to +11 586 # on 2014-12-28 at 02:00. They call +11 "Bougainville Standard Time"; 587 # abbreviate this as BST. See: 588 # http://www.bougainville24.com/bougainville-issues/bougainville-gets-own-timezone/ 589 # 590 Zone Pacific/Bougainville 10:22:16 - LMT 1880 591 9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 592 10:00 - PGT 1942 Jul 593 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 21 594 10:00 - PGT 2014 Dec 28 2:00 595 11:00 - BST 596 597 # Pitcairn 598 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 599 Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown 600 -8:30 - PNT 1998 Apr 27 0:00 601 -8:00 - PST # Pitcairn Standard Time 602 603 # American Samoa 604 Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1879 Jul 5 605 -11:22:48 - LMT 1911 606 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome 607 -11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering 608 -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa 609 Link Pacific/Pago_Pago Pacific/Midway # in US minor outlying islands 610 611 # Samoa (formerly and also known as Western Samoa) 612 613 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-16): 614 # We have been in contact with the government of Samoa again, and received 615 # the following info: 616 # 617 # "Cabinet has now approved Daylight Saving to be effected next year 618 # commencing from the last Sunday of September 2010 and conclude first 619 # Sunday of April 2011." 620 # 621 # Background info: 622 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/samoa-dst-plan-2009.html 623 # 624 # Samoa's Daylight Saving Time Act 2009 is available here, but does not 625 # contain any dates: 626 # http://www.parliament.gov.ws/documents/acts/Daylight%20Saving%20Act%20%202009%20%28English%29%20-%20Final%207-7-091.pdf 627 668 # Saturday 31st December 2011 00:00:00 Hours 669 # 670 # From Nicholas Pereira (2012-09-10): 671 # Daylight Saving Time commences on Sunday 30th September 2012 and 672 # ends on Sunday 7th of April 2013.... 673 # http://www.mcil.gov.ws/mcil_publications.html 674 # 675 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08): 676 # That web page currently lists transitions for 2012/3 and 2013/4. 677 # Assume the pattern instituted in 2012 will continue indefinitely. 678 679 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 680 Rule WS 2010 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1 D 681 Rule WS 2011 only - Apr Sat>=1 4:00 0 S 682 Rule WS 2011 only - Sep lastSat 3:00 1 D 683 Rule WS 2012 max - Apr Sun>=1 4:00 0 S 684 Rule WS 2012 max - Sep lastSun 3:00 1 D 685 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 686 Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1879 Jul 5 687 -11:26:56 - LMT 1911 688 -11:30 - WSST 1950 689 -11:00 WS S%sT 2011 Dec 29 24:00 # S=Samoa 690 13:00 WS WS%sT 691 692 # Solomon Is 693 # excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea 694 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 695 Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara 696 11:00 - SBT # Solomon Is Time 697 698 # Tokelau Is 699 # 700 # From Gwillim Law (2011-12-29) 701 # A correspondent informed me that Tokelau, like Samoa, will be skipping 702 # December 31 this year ... 703 # 704 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-07-25) 705 # ... we double checked by calling hotels and offices based in Tokelau asking 706 # about the time there, and they all told a time that agrees with UTC+13.... 707 # Shanks says UTC-10 from 1901 [but] ... there is a good chance the change 708 # actually was to UTC-11 back then. 709 # 710 # From Paul Eggert (2012-07-25) 711 # A Google Books snippet of Appendix to the Journals of the House of 712 # Representatives of New Zealand, Session 1948, 713 # <http://books.google.com/books?id=ZaVCAQAAIAAJ>, page 65, says Tokelau 714 # was "11 hours slow on G.M.T." Go with Thorsen and assume Shanks & Pottenger 715 # are off by an hour starting in 1901. 716 717 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 718 Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901 719 -11:00 - TKT 2011 Dec 30 # Tokelau Time 720 13:00 - TKT 721 722 # Tonga 723 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 724 Rule Tonga 1999 only - Oct 7 2:00s 1:00 S 725 Rule Tonga 2000 only - Mar 19 2:00s 0 - 726 Rule Tonga 2000 2001 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 727 Rule Tonga 2001 2002 - Jan lastSun 2:00 0 - 728 Rule Tonga 2016 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 729 Rule Tonga 2017 max - Jan Sun>=15 3:00 0 - 730 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 731 Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901 732 12:20 - +1220 1941 733 13:00 - +13 1999 734 13:00 Tonga +13/+14 735 736 # Tuvalu 737 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 738 Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901 739 12:00 - TVT # Tuvalu Time 740 741 742 # US minor outlying islands 743 744 # Howland, Baker 745 # Howland was mined for guano by American companies 1857-1878 and British 746 # 1886-1891; Baker was similar but exact dates are not known. 747 # Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; U.S. military bases 1943-1944; 748 # uninhabited thereafter. 749 # Howland observed Hawaii Standard Time (UT -10:30) in 1937; 750 # see page 206 of Elgen M. Long and Marie K. Long, 751 # Amelia Earhart: the Mystery Solved, Simon & Schuster (2000). 752 # So most likely Howland and Baker observed Hawaii Time from 1935 753 # until they were abandoned after the war. 754 755 # Jarvis 756 # Mined for guano by American companies 1857-1879 and British 1883?-1891?. 757 # Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; IGY scientific base 1957-1958; 758 # uninhabited thereafter. 759 # no information; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati 760 761 # Johnston 762 # 763 # From Paul Eggert (2014-03-11): 764 # Sometimes Johnston kept Hawaii time, and sometimes it was an hour behind. 765 # Details are uncertain. We have no data for Johnston after 1970, so 766 # treat it like Hawaii for now. 767 # 768 # In his memoirs of June 6th to October 4, 1945 769 # <http://www.315bw.org/Herb_Bach.htm> (2005), Herbert C. Bach writes, 770 # "We started our letdown to Kwajalein Atoll and landed there at 5:00 AM 771 # Johnston time, 1:30 AM Kwajalein time." This was in June 1945, and 772 # confirms that Johnston kept the same time as Honolulu in summer 1945. 773 # 774 # From Lyle McElhaney (2014-03-11): 775 # [W]hen JI was being used for that [atomic bomb] testing, the time being used 776 # was not Hawaiian time but rather the same time being used on the ships, 777 # which had a GMT offset of -11 hours. This apparently applied to at least the 778 # time from Operation Newsreel (Hardtack I/Teak shot, 1958-08-01) to the last 779 # Operation Fishbowl shot (Tightrope, 1962-11-04).... [See] Herman Hoerlin, 780 # "The United States High-Altitude Test Experience: A Review Emphasizing the 781 # Impact on the Environment", Los Alamos LA-6405, Oct 1976. 782 # http://www.fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/lanl/docs1/00322994.pdf 783 # See the table on page 4 where he lists GMT and local times for the tests; a 784 # footnote for the JI tests reads that local time is "JI time = Hawaii Time 785 # Minus One Hour". 786 # 787 # See 'northamerica' for Pacific/Johnston. 788 789 # Kingman 790 # uninhabited 791 792 # Midway 793 # See Pacific/Pago_Pago. 794 795 # Palmyra 796 # uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati 797 798 # Wake 799 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 800 Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901 801 12:00 - WAKT # Wake Time 802 803 804 # Vanuatu 805 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 806 Rule Vanuatu 1983 only - Sep 25 0:00 1:00 S 807 Rule Vanuatu 1984 1991 - Mar Sun>=23 0:00 0 - 808 Rule Vanuatu 1984 only - Oct 23 0:00 1:00 S 809 Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S 810 Rule Vanuatu 1992 1993 - Jan Sun>=23 0:00 0 - 811 Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S 812 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 813 Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila 814 11:00 Vanuatu VU%sT # Vanuatu Time 815 816 # Wallis and Futuna 817 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 818 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 819 12:00 - WFT # Wallis & Futuna Time 820 821 ############################################################################### 822 823 # NOTES 824 825 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 826 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 827 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 828 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 829 830 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31): 831 # 832 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: 833 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 834 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 835 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. 836 # 837 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source 838 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 839 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 840 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 841 # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, 842 # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 843 # 844 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 845 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 846 # I found in the UCLA library. 847 # 848 # For data circa 1899, a common source is: 849 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94. 850 # http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 851 # 852 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 853 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 854 # 855 # I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table; 856 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 857 # Corrections are welcome! 858 # std dst 859 # LMT Local Mean Time 860 # 8:00 AWST AWDT Western Australia 861 # 8:45 ACWST ACWDT Central Western Australia* 862 # 9:00 JST Japan 863 # 9:30 ACST ACDT Central Australia 864 # 10:00 AEST AEDT Eastern Australia 865 # 10:00 ChST Chamorro 866 # 10:30 LHST LHDT Lord Howe* 867 # 11:00 BST Bougainville* 868 # 11:30 NZMT NZST New Zealand through 1945 869 # 12:00 NZST NZDT New Zealand 1946-present 870 # 12:15 CHAST Chatham through 1945* 871 # 12:45 CHAST CHADT Chatham 1946-present* 872 # 13:00 WSST WSDT (western) Samoa 2011-present* 873 # -11:30 WSST Western Samoa through 1950* 874 # -11:00 SST Samoa 875 # -10:00 HST Hawaii 876 # - 8:00 PST Pitcairn* 877 # 878 # See the 'northamerica' file for Hawaii. 879 # See the 'southamerica' file for Easter I and the Galápagos Is. 880 881 ############################################################################### 882 883 # Australia 884 885 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30): 886 # Daylight saving time has long been controversial in Australia, pitting 887 # region against region, rural against urban, and local against global. 888 # For example, in her review of Graeme Davison's _The Unforgiving 889 # Minute: how Australians learned to tell the time_ (1993), Perth native 890 # Phillipa J Martyr wrote, "The section entitled 'Saving Daylight' was 891 # very informative, but was (as can, sadly, only be expected from a 892 # Melbourne-based study) replete with the usual chuckleheaded 893 # Queenslanders and straw-chewing yokels from the West prattling fables 894 # about fading curtains and crazed farm animals." 895 # Electronic Journal of Australian and New Zealand History (1997-03-03) 896 # http://www.jcu.edu.au/aff/history/reviews/davison.htm | 50 # Northern Territory 51 Zone Australia/Darwin 8:43:20 - LMT 1895 Feb 52 9:00 - ACST 1899 May 53 9:30 Aus AC%sT 54 # Western Australia 55 # 56 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 57 Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 58 Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 59 Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 60 Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 61 Rule AW 1991 only - Nov 17 2:00s 1:00 D 62 Rule AW 1992 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 63 Rule AW 2006 only - Dec 3 2:00s 1:00 D 64 Rule AW 2007 2009 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S 65 Rule AW 2007 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 66 Zone Australia/Perth 7:43:24 - LMT 1895 Dec 67 8:00 Aus AW%sT 1943 Jul 68 8:00 AW AW%sT 69 Zone Australia/Eucla 8:35:28 - LMT 1895 Dec 70 8:45 Aus +0845/+0945 1943 Jul 71 8:45 AW +0845/+0945 72 73 # Queensland 74 # 75 # From Alex Livingston (1996-11-01): 76 # I have heard or read more than once that some resort islands off the coast 77 # of Queensland chose to keep observing daylight-saving time even after 78 # Queensland ceased to. 79 # 80 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 81 # IATA SSIM (1993-02/1994-09) say that the Holiday Islands (Hayman, Lindeman, 82 # Hamilton) observed DST for two years after the rest of Queensland stopped. 83 # Hamilton is the largest, but there is also a Hamilton in Victoria, 84 # so use Lindeman. 85 # 86 # From J William Piggott (2016-02-20): 87 # There is no location named Holiday Islands in Queensland Australia; holiday 88 # islands is a colloquial term used globally. Hayman and Lindeman are at the 89 # north and south extremes of the Whitsunday Islands archipelago, and 90 # Hamilton is in between; it is reasonable to believe that this time zone 91 # applies to all of the Whitsundays. 218 9:30 AS AC%sT 219 220 # Lord Howe Island 221 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 222 Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 223 Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 S 224 Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 D 225 Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 S 226 Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00 0:30 D 227 Rule LH 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 D 228 Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 S 229 Rule LH 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 S 230 Rule LH 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00 0:30 D 231 Rule LH 2001 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 D 232 Rule LH 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 S 233 Rule LH 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 S 234 Rule LH 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 S 235 Rule LH 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0:30 D 236 Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb 237 10:00 - AEST 1981 Mar 238 10:30 LH +1030/+1130 1985 Jul 239 10:30 LH +1030/+11 240 241 # Australian miscellany 242 # 243 # Ashmore Is, Cartier 244 # no indigenous inhabitants; only seasonal caretakers 245 # no times are set 246 # 247 # Coral Sea Is 248 # no indigenous inhabitants; only meteorologists 249 # no times are set 250 # 251 # Macquarie 252 # Permanent occupation (scientific station) 1911-1915 and since 25 March 1948; 253 # sealing and penguin oil station operated Nov 1899 to Apr 1919. See the 254 # Tasmania Parks & Wildlife Service history of sealing at Macquarie Island 255 # http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1828 256 # http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1831 257 # Guess that it was like Australia/Hobart while inhabited before 2010. 258 # 259 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10): 260 # We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: 261 # - Macquarie Island will stay on UTC+11 for winter and therefore not 262 # switch back from daylight savings time when other parts of Australia do 263 # on 4 April. 264 # 265 # From Arthur David Olson (2013-05-23): 266 # The 1919 transition is overspecified below so pre-2013 zics 267 # will produce a binary file with an [A]EST-type as the first 32-bit type; 268 # this is required for correct handling of times before 1916 by 269 # pre-2013 versions of localtime. 270 Zone Antarctica/Macquarie 0 - -00 1899 Nov 271 10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00 272 10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb 273 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1919 Apr 1 0:00s 274 0 - -00 1948 Mar 25 275 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1967 276 10:00 AT AE%sT 2010 Apr 4 3:00 277 11:00 - +11 278 279 # Christmas 280 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 281 Zone Indian/Christmas 7:02:52 - LMT 1895 Feb 282 7:00 - +07 283 284 # Cocos (Keeling) Is 285 # These islands were ruled by the Ross family from about 1830 to 1978. 286 # We don't know when standard time was introduced; for now, we guess 1900. 287 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 288 Zone Indian/Cocos 6:27:40 - LMT 1900 289 6:30 - +0630 290 291 292 # Fiji 293 294 # Milne gives 11:55:44 for Suva. 295 296 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-11-10): 297 # According to Fiji Broadcasting Corporation, Fiji plans to re-introduce DST 298 # from November 29th 2009 to April 25th 2010. 299 # 300 # "Daylight savings to commence this month" 301 # http://www.radiofiji.com.fj/fullstory.php?id=23719 302 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_fiji01.html 303 304 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-11-10): 305 # The Fiji Government has posted some more details about the approved 306 # amendments: 307 # http://www.fiji.gov.fj/publish/page_16198.shtml 308 309 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-03): 382 383 # From Paul Eggert (2016-10-03): 384 # For now, guess DST from 02:00 the first Sunday in November to 385 # 03:00 the third Sunday in January. Although ad hoc, it matches 386 # transitions since late 2014 and seems more likely to match future 387 # practice than guessing no DST. 388 389 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 390 Rule Fiji 1998 1999 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 391 Rule Fiji 1999 2000 - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 - 392 Rule Fiji 2009 only - Nov 29 2:00 1:00 S 393 Rule Fiji 2010 only - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 - 394 Rule Fiji 2010 2013 - Oct Sun>=21 2:00 1:00 S 395 Rule Fiji 2011 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 - 396 Rule Fiji 2012 2013 - Jan Sun>=18 3:00 0 - 397 Rule Fiji 2014 only - Jan Sun>=18 2:00 0 - 398 Rule Fiji 2014 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 399 Rule Fiji 2015 max - Jan Sun>=15 3:00 0 - 400 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 401 Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:55:44 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva 402 12:00 Fiji +12/+13 403 404 # French Polynesia 405 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 406 Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea 407 -9:00 - -09 408 Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct 409 -9:30 - -0930 410 Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete 411 -10:00 - -10 412 # Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia; 413 # it is uninhabited. 414 415 # Guam 416 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 417 Zone Pacific/Guam -14:21:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 418 9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana 419 10:00 - GST 2000 Dec 23 # Guam 420 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time 421 Link Pacific/Guam Pacific/Saipan # N Mariana Is 422 423 # Kiribati 424 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 425 Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki 426 12:00 - +12 427 Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901 428 -12:00 - -12 1979 Oct 429 -11:00 - -11 1995 430 13:00 - +13 431 Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901 432 -10:40 - -1040 1979 Oct 433 -10:00 - -10 1995 434 14:00 - +14 435 436 # N Mariana Is 437 # See Pacific/Guam. 438 439 # Marshall Is 440 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 441 Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901 442 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct 443 12:00 - +12 444 Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901 445 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct 446 -12:00 - -12 1993 Aug 20 447 12:00 - +12 448 449 # Micronesia 450 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 451 Zone Pacific/Chuuk 10:07:08 - LMT 1901 452 10:00 - +10 453 Zone Pacific/Pohnpei 10:32:52 - LMT 1901 # Kolonia 454 11:00 - +11 455 Zone Pacific/Kosrae 10:51:56 - LMT 1901 456 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct 457 12:00 - +12 1999 458 11:00 - +11 459 460 # Nauru 461 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 462 Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe 463 11:30 - +1130 1942 Mar 15 464 9:00 - +09 1944 Aug 15 465 11:30 - +1130 1979 May 466 12:00 - +12 467 468 # New Caledonia 469 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 470 Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 471 Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 - 472 Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 S 473 # Shanks & Pottenger say the following was at 2:00; go with IATA. 474 Rule NC 1997 only - Mar 2 2:00s 0 - 475 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 476 Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Nouméa 477 11:00 NC +11/+12 478 479 480 ############################################################################### 481 482 # New Zealand 483 484 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 485 Rule NZ 1927 only - Nov 6 2:00 1:00 S 486 Rule NZ 1928 only - Mar 4 2:00 0 M 487 Rule NZ 1928 1933 - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0:30 S 488 Rule NZ 1929 1933 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 M 489 Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 0 M 490 Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0:30 S 491 Rule NZ 1946 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S 492 # Since 1957 Chatham has been 45 minutes ahead of NZ, but there's no 493 # convenient single notation for the date and time of this transition 494 # so we must duplicate the Rule lines. 495 Rule NZ 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D 496 Rule Chatham 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D 497 Rule NZ 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S 498 Rule Chatham 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:45s 0 S 499 Rule NZ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 500 Rule Chatham 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:45s 1:00 D 501 Rule NZ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 502 Rule Chatham 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:45s 0 S 503 Rule NZ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00s 1:00 D 504 Rule Chatham 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:45s 1:00 D 505 Rule NZ 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D 506 Rule Chatham 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D 507 Rule NZ 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S 508 Rule Chatham 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:45s 0 S 509 Rule NZ 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 510 Rule Chatham 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:45s 1:00 D 511 Rule NZ 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 512 Rule Chatham 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:45s 0 S 513 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 514 Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868 Nov 2 515 11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1946 Jan 1 516 12:00 NZ NZ%sT 517 Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:13:48 - LMT 1868 Nov 2 518 12:15 - +1215 1946 Jan 1 519 12:45 Chatham +1245/+1345 520 521 Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo 522 523 # Auckland Is 524 # uninhabited; Māori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers, 525 # and scientific personnel have wintered 526 527 # Campbell I 528 # minor whaling stations operated 1909/1914 529 # scientific station operated 1941/1995; 530 # previously whalers, sealers, pastoralists, and scientific personnel wintered 531 # was probably like Pacific/Auckland 532 533 # Cook Is 534 # From Shanks & Pottenger: 535 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 536 Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 HS 537 Rule Cook 1979 1991 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - 538 Rule Cook 1979 1990 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS 539 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 540 Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua 541 -10:30 - -1030 1978 Nov 12 542 -10:00 Cook -10/-0930 543 544 ############################################################################### 545 546 547 # Niue 548 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 549 Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi 550 -11:20 - -1120 1951 551 -11:30 - -1130 1978 Oct 1 552 -11:00 - -11 553 554 # Norfolk 555 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 556 Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston 557 11:12 - +1112 1951 558 11:30 - +1130 1974 Oct 27 02:00 559 11:30 1:00 +1230 1975 Mar 2 02:00 560 11:30 - +1130 2015 Oct 4 02:00 561 11:00 - +11 562 563 # Palau (Belau) 564 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 565 Zone Pacific/Palau 8:57:56 - LMT 1901 # Koror 566 9:00 - +09 567 568 # Papua New Guinea 569 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 570 Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880 571 9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time 572 10:00 - +10 573 # 574 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-13): 575 # Base the Bougainville entry on the Arawa-Kieta region, which appears to have 576 # the most people even though it was devastated in the Bougainville Civil War. 577 # 578 # Although Shanks gives 1942-03-15 / 1943-11-01 for UT +09, these dates 579 # are apparently rough guesswork from the starts of military campaigns. 580 # The World War II entries below are instead based on Arawa-Kieta. 581 # The Japanese occupied Kieta in July 1942, 582 # according to the Pacific War Online Encyclopedia 583 # http://pwencycl.kgbudge.com/B/o/Bougainville.htm 584 # and seem to have controlled it until their 1945-08-21 surrender. 585 # 586 # The Autonomous Region of Bougainville switched from UT +10 to +11 587 # on 2014-12-28 at 02:00. They call +11 "Bougainville Standard Time". 588 # See: 589 # http://www.bougainville24.com/bougainville-issues/bougainville-gets-own-timezone/ 590 # 591 Zone Pacific/Bougainville 10:22:16 - LMT 1880 592 9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 593 10:00 - +10 1942 Jul 594 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug 21 595 10:00 - +10 2014 Dec 28 2:00 596 11:00 - +11 597 598 # Pitcairn 599 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 600 Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown 601 -8:30 - -0830 1998 Apr 27 0:00 602 -8:00 - -08 603 604 # American Samoa 605 Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1879 Jul 5 606 -11:22:48 - LMT 1911 607 -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa 608 Link Pacific/Pago_Pago Pacific/Midway # in US minor outlying islands 609 610 # Samoa (formerly and also known as Western Samoa) 611 612 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-16): 613 # We have been in contact with the government of Samoa again, and received 614 # the following info: 615 # 616 # "Cabinet has now approved Daylight Saving to be effected next year 617 # commencing from the last Sunday of September 2010 and conclude first 618 # Sunday of April 2011." 619 # 620 # Background info: 621 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/samoa-dst-plan-2009.html 622 # 623 # Samoa's Daylight Saving Time Act 2009 is available here, but does not 624 # contain any dates: 625 # http://www.parliament.gov.ws/documents/acts/Daylight%20Saving%20Act%20%202009%20%28English%29%20-%20Final%207-7-091.pdf 626 667 # Saturday 31st December 2011 00:00:00 Hours 668 # 669 # From Nicholas Pereira (2012-09-10): 670 # Daylight Saving Time commences on Sunday 30th September 2012 and 671 # ends on Sunday 7th of April 2013.... 672 # http://www.mcil.gov.ws/mcil_publications.html 673 # 674 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08): 675 # That web page currently lists transitions for 2012/3 and 2013/4. 676 # Assume the pattern instituted in 2012 will continue indefinitely. 677 678 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 679 Rule WS 2010 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1 D 680 Rule WS 2011 only - Apr Sat>=1 4:00 0 S 681 Rule WS 2011 only - Sep lastSat 3:00 1 D 682 Rule WS 2012 max - Apr Sun>=1 4:00 0 S 683 Rule WS 2012 max - Sep lastSun 3:00 1 D 684 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 685 Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1879 Jul 5 686 -11:26:56 - LMT 1911 687 -11:30 - -1130 1950 688 -11:00 WS -11/-10 2011 Dec 29 24:00 689 13:00 WS +13/+14 690 691 # Solomon Is 692 # excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea 693 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 694 Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara 695 11:00 - +11 696 697 # Tokelau 698 # 699 # From Gwillim Law (2011-12-29) 700 # A correspondent informed me that Tokelau, like Samoa, will be skipping 701 # December 31 this year ... 702 # 703 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-07-25) 704 # ... we double checked by calling hotels and offices based in Tokelau asking 705 # about the time there, and they all told a time that agrees with UTC+13.... 706 # Shanks says UTC-10 from 1901 [but] ... there is a good chance the change 707 # actually was to UTC-11 back then. 708 # 709 # From Paul Eggert (2012-07-25) 710 # A Google Books snippet of Appendix to the Journals of the House of 711 # Representatives of New Zealand, Session 1948, 712 # <http://books.google.com/books?id=ZaVCAQAAIAAJ>, page 65, says Tokelau 713 # was "11 hours slow on G.M.T." Go with Thorsen and assume Shanks & Pottenger 714 # are off by an hour starting in 1901. 715 716 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 717 Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901 718 -11:00 - -11 2011 Dec 30 719 13:00 - +13 720 721 # Tonga 722 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 723 Rule Tonga 1999 only - Oct 7 2:00s 1:00 S 724 Rule Tonga 2000 only - Mar 19 2:00s 0 - 725 Rule Tonga 2000 2001 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 726 Rule Tonga 2001 2002 - Jan lastSun 2:00 0 - 727 Rule Tonga 2016 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 728 Rule Tonga 2017 max - Jan Sun>=15 3:00 0 - 729 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 730 Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901 731 12:20 - +1220 1941 732 13:00 - +13 1999 733 13:00 Tonga +13/+14 734 735 # Tuvalu 736 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 737 Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901 738 12:00 - +12 739 740 741 # US minor outlying islands 742 743 # Howland, Baker 744 # Howland was mined for guano by American companies 1857-1878 and British 745 # 1886-1891; Baker was similar but exact dates are not known. 746 # Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; U.S. military bases 1943-1944; 747 # uninhabited thereafter. 748 # Howland observed Hawaii Standard Time (UT -10:30) in 1937; 749 # see page 206 of Elgen M. Long and Marie K. Long, 750 # Amelia Earhart: the Mystery Solved, Simon & Schuster (2000). 751 # So most likely Howland and Baker observed Hawaii Time from 1935 752 # until they were abandoned after the war. 753 754 # Jarvis 755 # Mined for guano by American companies 1857-1879 and British 1883?-1891?. 756 # Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; IGY scientific base 1957-1958; 757 # uninhabited thereafter. 758 # no information; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati 759 760 # Johnston 761 # 762 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10): 763 # Sometimes Johnston kept Hawaii time, and sometimes it was an hour behind. 764 # Details are uncertain. We have no data for Johnston after 1970, so 765 # treat it like Hawaii for now. Since Johnston is now uninhabited, 766 # its link to Pacific/Honolulu is in the 'backward' file. 767 # 768 # In his memoirs of June 6th to October 4, 1945 769 # <http://www.315bw.org/Herb_Bach.htm> (2005), Herbert C. Bach writes, 770 # "We started our letdown to Kwajalein Atoll and landed there at 5:00 AM 771 # Johnston time, 1:30 AM Kwajalein time." This was in June 1945, and 772 # confirms that Johnston kept the same time as Honolulu in summer 1945. 773 # 774 # From Lyle McElhaney (2014-03-11): 775 # [W]hen JI was being used for that [atomic bomb] testing, the time being used 776 # was not Hawaiian time but rather the same time being used on the ships, 777 # which had a GMT offset of -11 hours. This apparently applied to at least the 778 # time from Operation Newsreel (Hardtack I/Teak shot, 1958-08-01) to the last 779 # Operation Fishbowl shot (Tightrope, 1962-11-04).... [See] Herman Hoerlin, 780 # "The United States High-Altitude Test Experience: A Review Emphasizing the 781 # Impact on the Environment", Los Alamos LA-6405, Oct 1976. 782 # http://www.fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/lanl/docs1/00322994.pdf 783 # See the table on page 4 where he lists GMT and local times for the tests; a 784 # footnote for the JI tests reads that local time is "JI time = Hawaii Time 785 # Minus One Hour". 786 787 # Kingman 788 # uninhabited 789 790 # Midway 791 # See Pacific/Pago_Pago. 792 793 # Palmyra 794 # uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati 795 796 # Wake 797 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 798 Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901 799 12:00 - +12 800 801 802 # Vanuatu 803 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 804 Rule Vanuatu 1983 only - Sep 25 0:00 1:00 S 805 Rule Vanuatu 1984 1991 - Mar Sun>=23 0:00 0 - 806 Rule Vanuatu 1984 only - Oct 23 0:00 1:00 S 807 Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S 808 Rule Vanuatu 1992 1993 - Jan Sun>=23 0:00 0 - 809 Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S 810 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 811 Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila 812 11:00 Vanuatu +11/+12 813 814 # Wallis and Futuna 815 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 816 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 817 12:00 - +12 818 819 ############################################################################### 820 821 # NOTES 822 823 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 824 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 825 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 826 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 827 828 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10): 829 # 830 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: 831 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 832 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 833 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. 834 # 835 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source 836 # for time zone data was the International Air Transport 837 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 838 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 839 # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, 840 # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 841 # 842 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 843 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 844 # I found in the UCLA library. 845 # 846 # For data circa 1899, a common source is: 847 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94. 848 # http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 849 # 850 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 851 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 852 # 853 # The following abbreviations are from other sources. 854 # Corrections are welcome! 855 # std dst 856 # LMT Local Mean Time 857 # 8:00 AWST AWDT Western Australia 858 # 9:30 ACST ACDT Central Australia 859 # 10:00 AEST AEDT Eastern Australia 860 # 10:00 GST Guam through 2000 861 # 10:00 ChST Chamorro 862 # 11:30 NZMT NZST New Zealand through 1945 863 # 12:00 NZST NZDT New Zealand 1946-present 864 # -11:00 SST Samoa 865 # -10:00 HST Hawaii 866 # 867 # See the 'northamerica' file for Hawaii. 868 # See the 'southamerica' file for Easter I and the Galápagos Is. 869 870 ############################################################################### 871 872 # Australia 873 874 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30): 875 # Daylight saving time has long been controversial in Australia, pitting 876 # region against region, rural against urban, and local against global. 877 # For example, in her review of Graeme Davison's _The Unforgiving 878 # Minute: how Australians learned to tell the time_ (1993), Perth native 879 # Phillipa J Martyr wrote, "The section entitled 'Saving Daylight' was 880 # very informative, but was (as can, sadly, only be expected from a 881 # Melbourne-based study) replete with the usual chuckleheaded 882 # Queenslanders and straw-chewing yokels from the West prattling fables 883 # about fading curtains and crazed farm animals." 884 # Electronic Journal of Australian and New Zealand History (1997-03-03) 885 # http://www.jcu.edu.au/aff/history/reviews/davison.htm |