1 #
2 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
3 #
4 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
5 # under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
6 # published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
7 # particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
8 # by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
9 #
10 # This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
11 # ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
12 # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
13 # version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
14 # accompanied this code).
15 #
16 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
17 # 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
18 # Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
19 #
20 # Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
21 # or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
22 # questions.
23 #
24 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
25 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
26
27 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
28
29 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
30 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
31 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
32 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
33
34 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
35 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
36 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
37
38 ###############################################################################
39
40 # United States
41
42 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
43 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
44 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
45 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
46 # His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
47 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
48 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
49 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
50
51 # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-21):
52 # Dowd's proposal left many details unresolved, such as where to draw
53 # lines between time zones. The key individual who made time zones
54 # work in the US was William Frederick Allen - railway engineer,
55 # managing editor of the Travelers' Guide, and secretary of the
56 # General Time Convention, a railway standardization group. Allen
57 # spent months in dialogs with scientific and railway leaders,
58 # developed a workable plan to institute time zones, and presented it
59 # to the General Time Convention on 1883-04-11, saying that his plan
60 # meant "local time would be practically abolished" - a plus for
61 # railway scheduling. By the next convention on 1883-10-11 nearly all
62 # railroads had agreed and it took effect on 1883-11-18 at 12:00.
63 # That Sunday was called the "day of two noons", as the eastern parts
64 # of the new zones observed noon twice. Allen witnessed the
65 # transition in New York City, writing:
66 #
67 # I heard the bells of St. Paul's strike on the old time. Four
68 # minutes later, obedient to the electrical signal from the Naval
69 # Observatory ... the time-ball made its rapid descent, the chimes
70 # of old Trinity rang twelve measured strokes, and local time was
71 # abandoned, probably forever.
72 #
73 # Most of the US soon followed suit. See:
74 # Bartky IR. The adoption of standard time. Technol Cult 1989 Jan;30(1):25-56.
75 # http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105430
76
77 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
78 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
79 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
80
81 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
82 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
83 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
84 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
85 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
86 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
87
88 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
89 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
90 # in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
91 # of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
92 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
93 #
94 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
95 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
96 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
97 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
98 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
99 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
100 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
101 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
102 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
103 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
104 #
105 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
106 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
107 #
108 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
109 # Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
110 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927).
111 # http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html
112 #
113 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
114 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
115 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
116 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
117
118 # From Arthur David Olson:
119 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
120 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
121 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
122
123 # From Arthur David Olson:
124 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
125 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
126
127 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
128 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
129 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
130 # An AltaVista search turned up:
131 # https://web.archive.org/web/20000926032210/http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html
132 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
133 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
134 # (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
135 #
136 # From Paul Eggert (2017-09-23):
137 # This was the V-J Day issue of the Clamdigger, a Rowayton, CT newsletter.
138
139 # From Joseph Gallant citing
140 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
141 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
142 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
143 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
144 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
145 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
146 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
147 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
148
149 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
150 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
151 #
152 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
153 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
154 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
155 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
156 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
157 # importance."
158 #
159 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
160 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
161 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
162 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
163 #
164 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
165
166 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
167 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
168 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
169 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
170 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
171
172 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
173 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
174 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
175 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
176 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
177 Rule US 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
178 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
179 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
180 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
181 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
182 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
183 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
184 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
185 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
186
187 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
188 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
189 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
190 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
191 # this time zone package.
192 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
193 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
194 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
195 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
196 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
197
198 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
199 Zone EST -5:00 - EST
200 Zone MST -7:00 - MST
201 Zone HST -10:00 - HST
202 Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
203 Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
204 Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
205 Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
206
207 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
208 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
209 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
210 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
211 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
212 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
213 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
214 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
215 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
216 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
217 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
218 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
219 # USA " 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
220 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
221 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
222
223 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
224 # The above dates are for 1988.
225 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
226 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
227 # Aleutians.
228
229 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
230 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
231 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
232 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
233 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
234 # (none)
235 # United States standard eastern time
236 # United States standard mountain time
237 # United States standard central time
238 # United States standard Pacific time
239 # (none)
240 # United States standard Alaska time
241 # (none)
242 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
243 # public law 98-181):
244 # Atlantic standard time
245 # eastern standard time
246 # central standard time
247 # mountain standard time
248 # Pacific standard time
249 # Yukon standard time
250 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
251 # Bering standard time
252 # And after 1983-11-30:
253 # Atlantic standard time
254 # eastern standard time
255 # central standard time
256 # mountain standard time
257 # Pacific standard time
258 # Alaska standard time
259 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
260 # Samoa standard time
261 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
262 #
263 # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-19):
264 # Here are URLs for the 1918 and 1966 legislation:
265 # http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=40&page=451
266 # http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=80&page=108
267 # Although the 1918 names were officially "United States Standard
268 # Eastern Time" and similarly for "Central", "Mountain", "Pacific",
269 # and "Alaska", in practice "Standard" was placed just before "Time",
270 # as codified in 1966. In practice, Alaska time was abbreviated "AST"
271 # before 1968. Summarizing the 1967 name changes:
272 # 1918 names 1967 names
273 # -08 Standard Pacific Time (PST) Pacific standard time (PST)
274 # -09 (unofficial) Yukon (YST) Yukon standard time (YST)
275 # -10 Standard Alaska Time (AST) Alaska-Hawaii standard time (AHST)
276 # -11 (unofficial) Nome (NST) Bering standard time (BST)
277 #
278 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
279 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced ... "Chamorro Standard Time"
280 # for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas. See the file "australasia".
281 #
282 # From Paul Eggert (2015-04-17):
283 # HST and HDT are standardized abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian
284 # standard and daylight times. See section 9.47 (p 234) of the
285 # U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual (2008)
286 # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf
287
288 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
289 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
290 #
291 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
292 # (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
293 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
294 # (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second
295 # Sunday of March"; and
296 # (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first
297 # Sunday of November'.
298 # (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
299 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
300 # (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective
301 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
302 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
303 # States.
304 # (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the
305 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
306 # Department study is complete.
307
308 # US eastern time, represented by New York
309
310 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
311 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
312 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
313 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
314 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
315 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
316
317 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
318 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
319 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
320 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
321 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
322 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
323
324 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
325 # According to today's Huntsville Times
326 # http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1
327 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
328 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
329 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
330 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
331 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
332 # in Columbus."
333 #
334 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22):
335 # Four cities are involved. The two not mentioned above are Smiths Station
336 # and Valley. Barbara Brooks, Valley's assistant treasurer, heard it started
337 # because West Point Pepperell textile mills were in Alabama while the
338 # corporate office was in Georgia, and residents voted to keep Eastern
339 # time even after the mills closed. See: Kazek K. Did you know which
340 # Alabama towns are in a different time zone? al.com 2017-02-06.
341 # http://www.al.com/living/index.ssf/2017/02/do_you_know_which_alabama_town.html
342
343 # From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
344 # Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
345 # says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of
346 # Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch. Round to the
347 # nearest second.
348
349 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
350 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
351 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
352 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
353 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
354 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
355 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
356 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
357 -5:00 US E%sT 1920
358 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1942
359 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
360 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1967
361 -5:00 US E%sT
362
363 # US central time, represented by Chicago
364
365 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
366 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
367 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
368 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
369 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
370 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
371 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
372 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
373
374 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
375 # https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/175.pdf
376 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
377 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
378 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
379 # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
380 #
381 # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
382 # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
383 # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
384 # https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2007/related/acts/3
385
386 # From an email administrator of the City of Fort Pierre, SD (2015-12-21):
387 # Fort Pierre is technically located in the Mountain time zone as is
388 # the rest of Stanley County. Most of Stanley County and Fort Pierre
389 # uses the Central time zone due to doing most of their business in
390 # Pierre so it simplifies schedules. I have lived in Stanley County
391 # all my life and it has been that way since I can remember. (43 years!)
392 #
393 # From Paul Eggert (2015-12-25):
394 # Assume this practice predates 1970, so Fort Pierre can use America/Chicago.
395
396 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
397 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
398 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
399 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
400 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
401 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
402 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
403 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
404 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
405 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
406 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
407 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
408 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
409 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
410 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
411 -6:00 US C%sT
412 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
413 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
414 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 2:00
415 -6:00 US C%sT
416 # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
417 # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
418 # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
419 # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
420 # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
421 # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
422 # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
423 Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
424 -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 2:00
425 -6:00 US C%sT
426
427 # From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
428 # ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
429 # mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
430 # daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
431 # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
432 # http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
433
434 # From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
435 # ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
436 # it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
437 # largest city in Mercer County). Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
438 # at 47 degrees 15' 51" N, 101 degrees 46' 40" W, which yields an offset
439 # of 6h47'07".
440
441 Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:53
442 -7:00 US M%sT 2010 Nov 7 2:00
443 -6:00 US C%sT
444
445 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
446 #
447 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
448 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
449 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
450 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
451 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
452 #
453 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
454 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
455 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
456 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
457 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
458 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
459 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
460 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
461 -7:00 US M%sT 1920
462 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
463 -7:00 US M%sT 1946
464 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
465 -7:00 US M%sT
466
467 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
468 #
469 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
470 # Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county
471 # north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),
472 # Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern 3/4 of
473 # Malheur county), and Washington
474
475 # From Paul Eggert (2016-08-20):
476 # In early February 1948, in response to California's electricity shortage,
477 # PG&E changed power frequency from 60 to 59.5 Hz during daylight hours,
478 # causing electric clocks to lose six minutes per day. (This did not change
479 # legal time, and is not part of the data here.) See:
480 # Ross SA. An energy crisis from the past: Northern California in 1948.
481 # Working Paper No. 8, Institute of Governmental Studies, UC Berkeley,
482 # 1973-11. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8x22k30c
483 #
484 # In another measure to save electricity, DST was instituted from 1948-03-14
485 # at 02:01 to 1949-01-16 at 02:00, with the governor having the option to move
486 # the fallback transition earlier. See pages 3-4 of:
487 # http://clerk.assembly.ca.gov/sites/clerk.assembly.ca.gov/files/archive/Statutes/1948/48Vol1_Chapters.pdf
488 #
489 # In response:
490 #
491 # Governor Warren received a torrent of objecting mail, and it is not too much
492 # to speculate that the objections to Daylight Saving Time were one important
493 # factor in the defeat of the Dewey-Warren Presidential ticket in California.
494 # -- Ross, p 25
495 #
496 # On December 8 the governor exercised the option, setting the date to January 1
497 # (LA Times 1948-12-09). The transition time was 02:00 (LA Times 1949-01-01).
498 #
499 # Despite the controversy, in 1949 California voters approved Proposition 12,
500 # which established DST from April's last Sunday at 01:00 until September's
501 # last Sunday at 02:00. This was amended by 1962's Proposition 6, which changed
502 # the fall-back date to October's last Sunday. See:
503 # https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1501&context=ca_ballot_props
504 # https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1636&context=ca_ballot_props
505 #
506 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
507 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:01 1:00 D
508 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
509 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 1:00 1:00 D
510 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
511 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
512 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
513 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
514 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
515 -8:00 CA P%sT 1967
516 -8:00 US P%sT
517
518 # Alaska
519 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -09 per USNO.
520 #
521 # From Paul Eggert (2017-06-15):
522 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
523 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
524 # On Friday, 1867-10-18 (Gregorian), at precisely 15:30 local time, the
525 # Russian forts and fleet at Sitka fired salutes to mark the ceremony of
526 # formal transfer. See the Sacramento Daily Union (1867-11-14), p 3, col 2.
527 # https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18671114.2.12.1
528 # Sitka workers did not change their calendars until Sunday, 1867-10-20,
529 # and so celebrated two Sundays that week. See: Ahllund T (tr Hallamaa P).
530 # From the memoirs of a Finnish workman. Alaska History. 2006 Fall;21(2):1-25.
531 # http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Ahllund-2006-Memoirs-of-a-Finnish-Workman.pdf
532 # Include only the time zone part of this transition, ignoring the switch
533 # from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent the Julian calendar.
534 #
535 # As far as we know, of the locations mentioned below only Sitka was
536 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
537 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement was
538 # destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) Many of Alaska's inhabitants
539 # were unaware of the US acquisition of Alaska, much less of any calendar or
540 # time change. However, the Russian-influenced part of Alaska did observe
541 # Russian time, and it is more accurate to model this than to ignore it.
542 # The database format requires an exact transition time; use the Russian
543 # salute as a somewhat-arbitrary time for the formal transfer of control for
544 # all of Alaska. Sitka's UTC offset is -9:01:13; adjust its 15:30 to the
545 # local times of other Alaskan locations so that they change simultaneously.
546
547 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):
548 # One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and
549 # daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall:
550 # "Welcome to Juneau. Please turn your watch back to the 19th century."
551 # See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01.
552 # http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html
553 #
554 # Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source:
555 # Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response.
556 # Alaska History 2001;16(1-2).
557 # http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/
558
559 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):
560 # Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:
561 #
562 # On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,
563 # 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.
564 # Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on
565 # Pacific Time.
566 #
567 # ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the
568 # Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in
569 # northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.
570 #
571 # On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted
572 # unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.
573 #
574 # According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not
575 # bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.
576 #
577 # (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo
578 # Nation.)
579
580 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):
581 # I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian
582 # Community office (using contact information available at
583 # http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla
584 # It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;
585 # the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether
586 # that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their
587 # own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I
588 # did not inquire about practices in the past.
589
590 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):
591 # For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's
592 # abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.
593
594 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-11-09):
595 # It seems Metlakatla did go off PST on Sunday, November 1, changing
596 # their time to AKST and are going to follow Alaska's DST, switching
597 # between AKST and AKDT from now on....
598 # https://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/
599
600 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
601 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:33:32
602 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
603 -8:00 - PST 1942
604 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
605 -8:00 - PST 1969
606 -8:00 US P%sT 1980 Apr 27 2:00
607 -9:00 US Y%sT 1980 Oct 26 2:00
608 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
609 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
610 -9:00 US AK%sT
611 Zone America/Sitka 14:58:47 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:30
612 -9:01:13 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
613 -8:00 - PST 1942
614 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
615 -8:00 - PST 1969
616 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
617 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
618 -9:00 US AK%sT
619 Zone America/Metlakatla 15:13:42 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:44:55
620 -8:46:18 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
621 -8:00 - PST 1942
622 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
623 -8:00 - PST 1969
624 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
625 -8:00 - PST 2015 Nov 1 2:00
626 -9:00 US AK%sT
627 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:12:18
628 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
629 -9:00 - YST 1942
630 -9:00 US Y%sT 1946
631 -9:00 - YST 1969
632 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
633 -9:00 US AK%sT
634 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 14:31:37
635 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
636 -10:00 - AST 1942
637 -10:00 US A%sT 1967 Apr
638 -10:00 - AHST 1969
639 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
640 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
641 -9:00 US AK%sT
642 Zone America/Nome 12:58:22 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 13:29:35
643 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
644 -11:00 - NST 1942
645 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
646 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
647 -11:00 - BST 1969
648 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
649 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
650 -9:00 US AK%sT
651 Zone America/Adak 12:13:22 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 12:44:35
652 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
653 -11:00 - NST 1942
654 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
655 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
656 -11:00 - BST 1969
657 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
658 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
659 -10:00 US H%sT
660 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
661 #
662 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
663 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
664 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
665 #
666 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
667 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
668 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
669 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
670 # possibly until 1983:
671 #
672 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
673 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
674 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
675 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
676 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
677 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
678 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
679 # three votes for and one against."
680
681 # Hawaii
682
683 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
684 # "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
685 # of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
686 # the article is available at
687 # https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
688 # and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
689 # 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
690 # saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
691 # last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
692 # act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
693 # from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
694 # when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
695 # effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
696 # day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
697 # cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
698 # and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
699
700 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
701 # The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
702 # Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
703 # 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
704 # 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
705 # year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
706 # hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
707 # day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
708 # Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
709 # hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
710 # which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
711 # that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
712 # Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
713 # of the Territory of Hawaii."
714 #
715 # Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
716 # We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
717
718 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
719 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1896 Jan 13 12:00
720 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
721 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 12:00
722 -10:30 - HST 1942 Feb 9 2:00
723 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
724 -10:30 - HST 1947 Jun 8 2:00
725 -10:00 - HST
726
727 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
728
729 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
730
731 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
732 #
733 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
734 # Daylight Saving Time web page
735 # <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23)
736 # maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
737 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
738 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
739 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
740 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
741 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
742 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
743 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
744 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
745 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
746 #
747 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
748 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
749
750 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
751 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
752 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 0:01
753 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 0:01
754 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 0:01
755 -7:00 - MST 1967
756 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
757 -7:00 - MST
758 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
759 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
760 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
761 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
762 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
763 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
764 #
765 # From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
766 # See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.
767
768 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
769 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
770 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
771 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
772 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
773 # quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
774 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
775 #
776 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
777 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
778 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
779 -7:00 US M%sT 1974
780 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
781 -7:00 US M%sT
782
783 # Indiana
784 #
785 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
786 # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana
787 #
788 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
789 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
790 # with the following exceptions:
791 #
792 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
793 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
794 #
795 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
796 #
797 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
798 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
799 #
800 # - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
801 # and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
802 #
803 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
804 # and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
805 # Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
806 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
807 #
808 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
809 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
810 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.
811
812 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26):
813 # https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana
814 # says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
815 # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
816 # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
817 # this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
818 # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
819 # Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their
820 # clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error. The intent
821 # was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
822
823 # From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
824 # The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
825 # going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
826 # http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
827
828 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
829 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
830 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
831 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
832 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
833 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
834 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
835 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
836 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
837 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
838 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
839 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
840 -5:00 - EST 1969
841 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
842 -5:00 - EST 2006
843 -5:00 US E%sT
844 #
845 # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
846 # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
847 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
848 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
849 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
850 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
851 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
852 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
853 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
854 -6:00 US C%sT 1951
855 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
856 -5:00 - EST 1969
857 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
858 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
859 -5:00 US E%sT 1976
860 -5:00 - EST 2006
861 -5:00 US E%sT
862 #
863 # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
864 # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
865 # in November 2007.
866 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
867 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
868 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
869 Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
870 Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
871 Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
872 Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
873 Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
874 Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
875 Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
876 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
877 Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
878 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
879 -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
880 -5:00 - EST 1969
881 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
882 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
883 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
884 -5:00 US E%sT
885 #
886 # Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
887 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
888 Rule Perry 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
889 Rule Perry 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
890 Rule Perry 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
891 Rule Perry 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
892 Rule Perry 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
893 Rule Perry 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
894 Rule Perry 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
895 Rule Perry 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
896 Rule Perry 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
897 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
898 Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
899 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
900 -6:00 Perry C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
901 -5:00 - EST 1969
902 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
903 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
904 -6:00 US C%sT
905 #
906 # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
907 # then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
908 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
909 Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
910 Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
911 Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
912 Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
913 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
914 Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
915 -6:00 US C%sT 1955
916 -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
917 -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
918 -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
919 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
920 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
921 -5:00 US E%sT
922 #
923 # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
924 # then switched back in 2006.
925 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
926 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
927 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
928 # 1991-10-27.
929 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
930 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
931 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
932 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
933 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
934 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
935 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
936 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
937 -6:00 US C%sT 1947
938 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
939 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
940 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
941 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
942 -6:00 US C%sT
943 #
944 # Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
945 # April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
946 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
947 Rule Pulaski 1946 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
948 Rule Pulaski 1946 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
949 Rule Pulaski 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
950 Rule Pulaski 1957 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
951 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
952 Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
953 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
954 -6:00 Pulaski C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
955 -5:00 - EST 1969
956 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
957 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
958 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Mar 11 2:00
959 -5:00 US E%sT
960 #
961 # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
962 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
963 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
964 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
965 -5:00 - EST 1969
966 -5:00 US E%sT 1973
967 -5:00 - EST 2006
968 -5:00 US E%sT
969
970 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
971 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
972 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
973 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
974 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
975 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
976 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
977 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
978 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
979 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
980 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
981 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
982 -6:00 US C%sT 1921
983 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
984 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
985 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
986 -5:00 - EST 1968
987 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
988 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
989 -5:00 US E%sT
990 #
991 # Wayne County, Kentucky
992 #
993 # From Lake Cumberland LIFE
994 # http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml
995 # (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
996 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
997 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
998 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
999 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
1000 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
1001 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
1002 # location in the Central time zone.
1003 #
1004 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
1005 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
1006 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
1007 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
1008 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
1009 #
1010 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
1011 # The final rule was published in the
1012 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.
1013 # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2000-08-17/html/00-20854.htm
1014 #
1015 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
1016 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
1017 -6:00 - CST 1968
1018 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1019 -5:00 US E%sT
1020
1021
1022 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
1023 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
1024 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
1025 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
1026 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
1027 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
1028 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
1029 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
1030 #
1031 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
1032 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
1033 # so omit that change for now.
1034 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
1035 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
1036 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
1037 # 1999-10-31. See the
1038 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.
1039 # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1999-10-21/html/99-27240.htm
1040 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
1041 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
1042 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
1043
1044 # Michigan
1045 #
1046 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
1047 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
1048 #
1049 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
1050 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
1051 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
1052 # that Detroit kept
1053 #
1054 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
1055 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
1056 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
1057 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
1058 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
1059 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
1060 # by city vote.
1061 #
1062 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
1063 #
1064 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
1065 # Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
1066 # one hour in 1914." This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
1067 # info, so omit this for now.
1068 #
1069 # From Paul Eggert (2017-07-26):
1070 # Although Shanks says Detroit observed DST in 1967 from 06-14 00:01
1071 # until 10-29 00:01, I now see multiple reports that this is incorrect.
1072 # For example, according to a 50-year anniversary report about the 1967
1073 # Detroit riots and a major-league doubleheader on 1967-07-23, "By the time
1074 # the last fly ball of the doubleheader settled into the glove of leftfielder
1075 # Lenny Green, it was after 7 p.m. Detroit did not observe daylight saving
1076 # time, so light was already starting to fail. Twilight was made even deeper
1077 # by billowing columns of smoke that ascended in an unbroken wall north of the
1078 # ballpark." See: Dow B. Detroit '67: As violence unfolded, Tigers played two
1079 # at home vs. Yankees. Detroit Free Press 2017-07-23.
1080 # https://www.freep.com/story/sports/mlb/tigers/2017/07/23/detroit-tigers-1967-riot-new-york-yankees/499951001/
1081 #
1082 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
1083 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1084 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1085 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1086 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1087 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
1088 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
1089 -5:00 - EST 1942
1090 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
1091 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
1092 -5:00 US E%sT 1975
1093 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
1094 -5:00 US E%sT
1095 #
1096 # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
1097 # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
1098 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1099 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1100 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1101 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1102 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1103 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1104 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
1105 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
1106 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
1107 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
1108 -6:00 US C%sT
1109
1110 # Navassa
1111 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
1112 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
1113 # also claimed by Haiti
1114 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
1115 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
1116 # currently uninhabited
1117 # see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
1118 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
1119 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
1120
1121 ################################################################################
1122
1123
1124 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):
1125 #
1126 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
1127 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
1128 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
1129 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
1130 #
1131 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
1132 # for time zone data was the International Air Transport
1133 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
1134 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
1135 # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
1136 # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
1137 #
1138 # Other sources occasionally used include:
1139 #
1140 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
1141 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
1142 # which I found in the UCLA library.
1143 #
1144 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
1145 # <http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
1146 # [PDF] (1914-03)
1147 #
1148 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
1149 # <https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
1150 #
1151 # See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
1152
1153 # Canada
1154
1155 # From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14):
1156 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
1157 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
1158 #
1159 # UTC Standard time Daylight saving time
1160 # offset French English French English
1161 # -2:30 - - HAT NDT
1162 # -3 - - HAA ADT
1163 # -3:30 HNT NST - -
1164 # -4 HNA AST HAE EDT
1165 # -5 HNE EST HAC CDT
1166 # -6 HNC CST HAR MDT
1167 # -7 HNR MST HAP PDT
1168 # -8 HNP PST HAY YDT
1169 # -9 HNY YST - -
1170 #
1171 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
1172 # HA: Heure Avancée DT: Daylight saving Time
1173 #
1174 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
1175 # C: du Centre Central
1176 # E: de l'Est Eastern
1177 # M: Mountain
1178 # N: Newfoundland
1179 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
1180 # R: des Rocheuses
1181 # T: de Terre-Neuve
1182 # Y: du Yukon Yukon
1183 #
1184 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
1185 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
1186
1187 # Unless otherwise specified, the data entries for Canada are all from Shanks
1188 # & Pottenger.
1189
1190 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1191 # 2007-03-01):
1192 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1193 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1194 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1195 # https://archive.news.gov.bc.ca/releases/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1196 # ...
1197 # Nova Scotia
1198 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1199 # https://www.novascotia.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1200 #
1201 # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1202 # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1203 # https://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1204 # ...
1205 # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1206 # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1207 # https://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1208 # ...
1209 # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1210 # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1211 # http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1212 # http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1213 # ...
1214 # P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1215 # http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1216 # ...
1217 # Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1218 # http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1219 # ...
1220 # Yukon
1221 # https://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1222 # ...
1223 # N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site
1224 # does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the
1225 # following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the
1226 # "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1227 # JavaScript.
1228 # http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1229 # ...
1230 # Nunavut
1231 # An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1232 # http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1233
1234 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-18):
1235 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1236 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1237 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/alacarte.asp
1238 # contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1239 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1240 #
1241 # National Research Council Canada maintains info about time zones and DST.
1242 # https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html
1243 # https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5
1244 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1245
1246 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1247 # For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1248 # new US DST rules,
1249
1250 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)
1251 # In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles
1252 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1253 # she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.
1254 # The quote includes these two statements:
1255 # 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'
1256 # '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'
1257 # These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time
1258 # that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918. This transition was
1259 # also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.
1260
1261 # In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed
1262 # Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day
1263 # than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.
1264
1265 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1266 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1267 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1268 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1269 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1270 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1271 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1272 Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1273 Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1274 Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1275 Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1276
1277
1278 # Newfoundland and Labrador
1279
1280 # From Paul Eggert (2017-10-14):
1281 # Legally Labrador should observe Newfoundland time; see:
1282 # McLeod J. Labrador time - legal or not? St. John's Telegram, 2017-10-07
1283 # http://www.thetelegram.com/news/local/labrador-time--legal-or-not-154860/
1284 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that the only part of Labrador
1285 # that follows the rules is the southeast corner, including Port Hope
1286 # Simpson and Mary's Harbour, but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1287
1288 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1289 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
1290 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
1291 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1292 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
1293 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
1294 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1295 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
1296 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
1297 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1298 # Pottenger.
1299 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
1300 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
1301 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
1302 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1303 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1304 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1305 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1306 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1307 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
1308 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1309 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1310 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1311 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1312 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1313 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1314
1315 # From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):
1316 # We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the
1317 # changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.
1318 # The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings
1319 # Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time
1320 # now occurs at 2:00AM.
1321 # ...
1322 # http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm
1323 # ...
1324 # MICHAEL PELLEY | Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery
1325 # Office of the Chief Information Officer
1326 # Executive Council
1327 # Government of Newfoundland & Labrador
1328
1329 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1330 Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1331 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
1332 Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1333 Rule StJohns 2007 2011 - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
1334 Rule StJohns 2007 2010 - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
1335 #
1336 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1337 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1338 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
1339 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
1340 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1341 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
1342 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1343 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1344 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 2011 Nov
1345 -3:30 Canada N%sT
1346
1347 # most of east Labrador
1348
1349 # The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
1350 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1351 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1352 -3:30:52 - NST 1918
1353 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1354 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
1355 -3:30 - NST 1936
1356 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1357 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1358 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
1359 -4:00 StJohns A%sT 2011 Nov
1360 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1361
1362
1363 # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1364
1365 # From Brian Inglis (2015-07-20):
1366 # From the historical weather station records available at:
1367 # https://weatherspark.com/history/28351/1971/Sydney-Nova-Scotia-Canada
1368 # Sydney shares the same time history as Glace Bay, so was
1369 # likely to be the same across the island....
1370 # Sydney, as the capital and most populous location, or Cape Breton, would
1371 # have been better names for the zone had we known this in 1996.
1372
1373 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-20):
1374 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1375 # Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1376 # the Cape Breton area, represented by Glace Bay, is the largest we know of
1377 # (Glace Bay was perhaps not the best name choice but no point changing now).
1378 # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1379 # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1380 # this is a typo.
1381
1382 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1383 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1384 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1385 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
1386 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
1387 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
1388 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1389 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1390 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1391 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
1392 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1393 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
1394 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
1395 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1396 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1397 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1398 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1399 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
1400 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1401 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1402 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1403 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1404 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1405 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1406 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
1407 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1408 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
1409 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1410 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1411 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1412 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1413 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1414 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
1415 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1416 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1417 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1418 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1419 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1420 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1421 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1422 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1423 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1424 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1425 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1426 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
1427 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
1428 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1429 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1430 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1431 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1432 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1433 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
1434 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
1435 -4:00 - AST 1972
1436 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1437 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1438
1439 # New Brunswick
1440
1441 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1442 # The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1443 # says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1444 # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1445 # clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1446 # For now, assume it started in 1993.
1447
1448 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1449 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
1450 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
1451 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
1452 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
1453 Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
1454 Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
1455 Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
1456 Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
1457 Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1458 Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1459 Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1460 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1461 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1462 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1463 Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
1464 -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
1465 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
1466 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
1467 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1468 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
1469 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
1470 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007
1471 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1472
1473 # Quebec
1474
1475 # From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24):
1476 # See America/Toronto for most of Quebec, including Montreal.
1477 #
1478 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1479 # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1480 # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1481 # The Quebec department of justice writes in
1482 # "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord"
1483 # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm
1484 # that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
1485 # observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
1486 # https://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
1487 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1488 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1489 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1490
1491 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1492 Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
1493 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
1494 -4:00 - AST
1495
1496 # Ontario
1497
1498 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1499 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1500 # Toronto.
1501 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1502 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1503 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1504 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1505
1506 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1507 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1508 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1509 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1510 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1511 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1512 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1513 # only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1514 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1515 # earlier in June).
1516 #
1517 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1518 #
1519 # From Paul Eggert (2017-07-08):
1520 # For more on Orillia, see: Daubs K. Bold attempt at daylight saving
1521 # time became a comic failure in Orillia. Toronto Star 2017-07-08.
1522 # https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2017/07/08/bold-attempt-at-daylight-saving-time-became-a-comic-failure-in-orillia.html
1523
1524 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1525 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1526 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1527 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1528 # He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1529 # http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html
1530 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1531 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1532 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1533 #
1534 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1535 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1536 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1537 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1538 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1539 #
1540 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1541 # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1542 # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1543 #
1544 # The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1545 # This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1546 # the other half on eastern time.
1547 #
1548 # For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1549 #
1550 # "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1551 # Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1552 # said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
1553 #
1554 # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1555 # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1556
1557 # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1558 # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1559 # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1560 # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1561 # time keeping since 1952, at least.
1562
1563 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1564 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1565 # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1566 # McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
1567 # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1568 # ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1569 # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1570 # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1571
1572 # From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1573 #
1574 # Currently the database has:
1575 #
1576 # # Ontario
1577 #
1578 # # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1579 # # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1580 # # Toronto.
1581 # # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1582 # # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1583 # # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1584 #
1585 # In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1586 # right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1587 # time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1588 #
1589 # The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1590 # except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1591 #
1592 # Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.
1593 #
1594 # I only came across this incidentally. I don't know if Windsor began
1595 # observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.
1596 #
1597 # By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1598 #
1599 # Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1600 # three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1601
1602 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1603 #
1604 # "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1605 # The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1606 # volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1607 # was available at
1608 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1609 #
1610 # It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1611 #
1612 # A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1613 # require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1614 # the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1615 # and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1616 # ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1617 # for the other provinces only approximate:
1618 #
1619 # Province Daylight saving time used
1620 # Prince Edward Island Not used.
1621 # Nova Scotia In Halifax only.
1622 # New Brunswick In St. John only.
1623 # Quebec In the following places:
1624 # Montreal Lachine
1625 # Quebec Mont-Royal
1626 # Lévis Iberville
1627 # St. Lambert Cap de la Madelèine
1628 # Verdun Loretteville
1629 # Westmount Richmond
1630 # Outremont St. Jérôme
1631 # Longueuil Greenfield Park
1632 # Arvida Waterloo
1633 # Chambly-Canton Beaulieu
1634 # Melbourne La Tuque
1635 # St. Théophile Buckingham
1636 # Ontario Used generally in the cities and towns along
1637 # the southerly part of the province. Not
1638 # used in the northwesterly part.
1639 # Manitoba Not used.
1640 # Saskatchewan In Regina only.
1641 # Alberta Not used.
1642 # British Columbia Not used.
1643 #
1644 # With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1645 # to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1646
1647 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1648 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1649 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1650 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1651 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1652 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1653 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1654 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1655 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1656 # was meant.
1657 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1658 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1659 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1660 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1661 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1662 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1663 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1664 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1665 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1666 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1667 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1668 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1669 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1670 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1671 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1672 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1673 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1674 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1675 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1676 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1677 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1678 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1679 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1680 # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1681 # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1682 # is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1683 # Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1684 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1685
1686 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1687 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1688 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1689 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1690 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1691
1692 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1693 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1694 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1695 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1696 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1697 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1698 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1699 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1700 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1701 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1702 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1703
1704 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1705 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1706 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1707 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1708 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1709 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1710 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1711 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1712 -6:00 - CST 1910
1713 -5:00 - EST 1942
1714 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1715 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1973
1716 -5:00 - EST 1974
1717 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1718 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1719 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1720 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1721 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1722 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895
1723 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1724 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1725 -6:00 Canada C%sT
1726 Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
1727 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1728 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1729 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
1730 -5:00 - EST
1731
1732
1733 # Manitoba
1734
1735 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1736 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1737 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1738 # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1739 # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1740 # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1741 # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1742 # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had
1743 # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1744 # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1745 # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1746 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1747 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1748
1749 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1750 # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1751 # starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1752 # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1753
1754 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1755 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1756 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1757 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1758 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1759 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1760 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1761 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1762 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1763 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1764 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1765 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1766 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1767 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1768 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1769 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1770 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1771 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1772 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1773 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1774 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1775 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1776 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
1777 Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1778 Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
1779 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1780 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1781 -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
1782 -6:00 Canada C%sT
1783
1784
1785 # Saskatchewan
1786
1787 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1788 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1789 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1790 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1791 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1792 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1793 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1794 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1795 # time was noted.
1796
1797 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1798 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1799 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1800
1801 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1802 # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1803 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1804 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1805 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1806 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1807
1808 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1809 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1810 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1811 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1812 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1813 #
1814 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1815 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1816 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1817 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1818 #
1819 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1820 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1821 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1822 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1823 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1824 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1825 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1826 #
1827 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1828 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1829 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1830 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1831 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1832 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1833
1834 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1835 # The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1836 # long and rather painful to read.
1837 # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1838
1839 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1840 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1841 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1842 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1843 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1844 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1845 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1846 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1847 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1848 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1849 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1850 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1851 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1852 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1853 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1854 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1855 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1856 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1857 #
1858 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1859 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1860 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1861 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1862 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1863 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1864 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1865 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1866 -6:00 - CST
1867 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1868 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1869 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1870 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1871 -6:00 - CST
1872
1873
1874 # Alberta
1875
1876 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1877 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1878 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1879 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1880 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1881 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1882 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1883 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1884 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1885 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1886 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1887 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1888 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1889 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1890 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1891 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1892 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1893 Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1894 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1895 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1896 -7:00 Edm M%sT 1987
1897 -7:00 Canada M%sT
1898
1899
1900 # British Columbia
1901
1902 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1903 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1904 # been like Vancouver.
1905 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1906 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1907
1908 # It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct:
1909
1910 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):
1911 # There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia
1912 # that do not currently observe daylight saving:
1913 # a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)
1914 # b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District
1915 # (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)
1916
1917 # Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time
1918 # keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the
1919 # manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
1920 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1921 # According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
1922 # i.e. Creston has been stuck on UTC-7 for 93 years.
1923 # Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
1924
1925 # Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
1926 # unknown and will be difficult to ascertain. I e-mailed Tammy a few months
1927 # ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess. She said it was just
1928 # as plausible as any other date (in June). She also said that after writing
1929 # the article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the
1930 # subject of another article which she wrote in October 2010.
1931 # http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56
1932
1933 # Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:
1934 # 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)
1935 # Exact date unknown
1936 # 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
1937 # Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.
1938 # 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)
1939 # Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.
1940 # note 1:
1941 # On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,
1942 # Creston did not change its clocks.
1943 # note 2:
1944 # During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,
1945 # Creston did not oblige.
1946 # note 3:
1947 # There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time
1948 # (UTC-7) forever.
1949 # The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.
1950 # http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html
1951
1952 # During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.
1953 # In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying
1954 # summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before
1955 # the change. It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this
1956 # period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough
1957 # (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.
1958
1959 # The transition dates (and times) are guesses.
1960
1961 # From Matt Johnson (2015-09-21):
1962 # Fort Nelson, BC, Canada will cancel DST this year. So while previously they
1963 # were aligned with America/Vancouver, they're now aligned with
1964 # America/Dawson_Creek.
1965 # http://www.northernrockies.ca/EN/meta/news/archives/2015/northern-rockies-time-change.html
1966 #
1967 # From Tim Parenti (2015-09-23):
1968 # This requires a new zone for the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality,
1969 # America/Fort_Nelson. The resolution of 2014-12-08 was reached following a
1970 # 2014-11-15 poll with nearly 75% support. Effectively, the municipality has
1971 # been on MST (-0700) like Dawson Creek since it advanced its clocks on
1972 # 2015-03-08.
1973 #
1974 # From Paul Eggert (2015-09-23):
1975 # Shanks says Fort Nelson did not observe DST in 1946, unlike Vancouver.
1976
1977 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1978 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1979 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1980 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1981 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1982 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1983 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1984 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1985 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1986 Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1987 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1988 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1989 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1990 -8:00 Canada P%sT
1991 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1992 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1993 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1994 -7:00 - MST
1995 Zone America/Fort_Nelson -8:10:47 - LMT 1884
1996 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1946
1997 -8:00 - PST 1947
1998 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1999 -8:00 Canada P%sT 2015 Mar 8 2:00
2000 -7:00 - MST
2001 Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884
2002 -7:00 - MST 1916 Oct 1
2003 -8:00 - PST 1918 Jun 2
2004 -7:00 - MST
2005
2006 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
2007
2008 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2009 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
2010 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
2011 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
2012 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9....
2013 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
2014 # [https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/rsc-1985-c-i-21/latest/rsc-1985-c-i-21.html]
2015 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
2016 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
2017 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
2018
2019 # From Brian Inglis (2015-04-14):
2020 #
2021 # I tried to trace the history of Yukon time and found the following
2022 # regulations, giving the reference title and URL if found, regulation name,
2023 # and relevant quote if available. Each regulation specifically revokes its
2024 # predecessor. The final reference is to the current Interpretation Act
2025 # authorizing and resulting from these regulatory changes.
2026 #
2027 # Only recent regulations were retrievable via Yukon government site search or
2028 # index, and only some via Canadian legal sources. Other sources used include
2029 # articles titled "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" from JRASC via ADS
2030 # Abstracts, cited by ADO for 1932 ..., and updated versions from 1958 and
2031 # 1970 quoted below; each article includes current extracts from provincial
2032 # and territorial ST and DST regulations at the end, summaries and details of
2033 # standard times and daylight saving time at many locations across Canada,
2034 # with time zone maps, tables and calculations for Canadian Sunrise, Sunset,
2035 # and LMST; they also cover many countries and global locations, with a chart
2036 # and table showing current Universal Time offsets, and may be useful as
2037 # another source of information for 1970 and earlier.
2038 #
2039 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; JRASC, Vol. 26,
2040 # pp.49-77; February 1932; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2041 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1932JRASC..26...49S from p.75:
2042 # Yukon Interpretation Ordinance
2043 # Yukon standard time is the local mean time at the one hundred and
2044 # thirty-fifth meridian.
2045 #
2046 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; Thomson, Malcolm M.;
2047 # JRASC, Vol. 52, pp.193-223; October 1958; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System
2048 # (ADS) http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1958JRASC..52..193S from pp.220-1:
2049 # Yukon Interpretation Ordinance, 1955, Chap. 16.
2050 #
2051 # (1) Subject to this section, standard time shall be reckoned as nine
2052 # hours behind Greenwich Time and called Yukon Standard Time.
2053 #
2054 # (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), the Commissioner may make regulations
2055 # varying the manner of reckoning standard time.
2056 #
2057 # * Yukon Territory Commissioner's Order 1966-20 Interpretation Ordinance
2058 # http://? - no online source found
2059 #
2060 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Thomson, Malcolm M.; JRASC,
2061 # Vol. 64, pp.129-162; June 1970; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2062 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970JRASC..64..129T from p.156: Yukon
2063 # Territory Commissioner's Order 1967-59 Interpretation Ordinance ...
2064 #
2065 # 1. Commissioner's Order 1966-20 dated at Whitehorse in the Yukon
2066 # Territory on 27th January, 1966, is hereby revoked.
2067 #
2068 # 2. Yukon (East) Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the
2069 # Interpretation Ordinance from and after mid-night on the 28th day of May,
2070 # 1967 shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that
2071 # is to say, eight hours behind Greenwich Time in the area of the Yukon
2072 # Territory lying east of the 138th degree longitude west.
2073 #
2074 # 3. In the remainder of the Territory, lying west of the 138th degree
2075 # longitude west, Yukon (West) Standard Time shall be reckoned as nine
2076 # hours behind Greenwich Time.
2077 #
2078 # * Yukon Standard Time defined as Pacific Standard Time, YCO 1973/214
2079 # https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yco-1973-214/latest/yco-1973-214.html
2080 # C.O. 1973/214 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2081 #
2082 # 1. Effective October 28, 1973 Commissioner's Order 1967/59 is hereby
2083 # revoked.
2084 #
2085 # 2. Yukon Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the Interpretation
2086 # Act from and after midnight on the twenty-eighth day of October, 1973
2087 # shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that is
2088 # to say eight hours behind Greenwich Time.
2089 #
2090 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 INTERPRETATION ACT
2091 # http://? - no online source found
2092 #
2093 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time, YOIC 1987/56
2094 # https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-1987-56/latest/yoic-1987-56.html
2095 # O.I.C. 1987/056 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2096 #
2097 # In every year between
2098 # (a) two o'clock in the morning in the first Sunday in April, and
2099 # (b) two o'clock in the morning in the last Sunday in October,
2100 # Standard Time shall be reckoned as seven hours behind Greenwich Time and
2101 # called Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2102 # ...
2103 # Dated ... 9th day of March, A.D., 1987.
2104 #
2105 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time 2006, YOIC 2006/127
2106 # https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-2006-127/latest/yoic-2006-127.html
2107 # O.I.C. 2006/127 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2108 #
2109 # 1. In Yukon each year the time for general purposes shall be 7 hours
2110 # behind Greenwich mean time during the period commencing at two o'clock
2111 # in the forenoon on the second Sunday of March and ending at two o'clock
2112 # in the forenoon on the first Sunday of November and shall be called
2113 # Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2114 #
2115 # 2. Order-in-Council 1987/56 is revoked.
2116 #
2117 # 3. This order comes into force January 1, 2007.
2118 #
2119 # * Interpretation Act, RSY 2002, c 125
2120 # https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/stat/rsy-2002-c-125/latest/rsy-2002-c-125.html
2121
2122 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
2123 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
2124 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
2125 # http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html
2126 #
2127 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
2128 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
2129 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
2130
2131 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
2132 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
2133 # http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html
2134 # (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
2135 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
2136 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
2137
2138 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
2139 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
2140 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
2141 #
2142 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
2143 #
2144 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
2145 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
2146 #
2147 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
2148 #
2149 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
2150 #
2151 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
2152 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
2153 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
2154 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
2155 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
2156 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
2157 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
2158 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
2159 # the current state of affairs.
2160
2161 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
2162 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19):
2163 # http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html
2164 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
2165 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
2166 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
2167 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
2168
2169 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
2170 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
2171 # for these potential new Zones.
2172 #
2173 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
2174 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
2175 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
2176 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
2177 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
2178 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
2179 # required to use daylight savings.
2180
2181 # From <http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
2182 # Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):
2183 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
2184 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
2185 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
2186 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
2187 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
2188 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
2189 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
2190 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
2191 # unified time zone in 1999.
2192 #
2193 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
2194 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
2195
2196 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2197 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
2198
2199 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
2200 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
2201 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
2202 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
2203 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
2204 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
2205 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
2206 # more.
2207 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
2208
2209 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
2210 # According to ...
2211 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
2212 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
2213 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
2214 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
2215 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
2216 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
2217 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
2218 #
2219 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-17):
2220 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
2221 # daylight saving only during wartime. Gwillim Law's email also
2222 # mentioned maps now maintained by National Research Council Canada;
2223 # see above for an up-to-date link.
2224
2225 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
2226 # ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
2227 # Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
2228 # Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
2229 # daylight saving....
2230 # http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
2231
2232 # From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):
2233 # Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute
2234 # Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of
2235 # the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had
2236 # decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.
2237 #
2238 # According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay
2239 # went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...
2240 #
2241 # On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March
2242 # 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I
2243 # talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able
2244 # to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was
2245 # explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone
2246 # (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).
2247 # i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks
2248 # had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in
2249 # so they could follow the correct TV schedule...
2250 #
2251 # On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I
2252 # phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature
2253 # of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of
2254 # information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of
2255 # Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for
2256 # Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived
2257 # and worked in Resolute Bay...
2258 #
2259 # On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that
2260 # Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of
2261 # 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead
2262 # on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay
2263 # had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not
2264 # tell me when the practice had stopped.
2265 #
2266 # On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of
2267 # somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went
2268 # off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz
2269 # used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the
2270 # businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on
2271 # Aziz:
2272 # http://www.uphere.ca/node/493
2273 #
2274 # I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using
2275 # Eastern Standard Time.
2276 #
2277 # Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the
2278 # 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way
2279 # of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in
2280 # the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"
2281 #
2282 # This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.
2283 #
2284 # I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz
2285 # responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You
2286 # may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a
2287 # search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"
2288 #
2289 # If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would
2290 # never have contacted her. I now believe that all the information I
2291 # obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...
2292 # I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.
2293
2294 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2295 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
2296 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
2297 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
2298 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
2299 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
2300 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
2301 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2302 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
2303 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2304 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2305 Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2306 Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2307 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2308 # aka Panniqtuuq
2309 Zone America/Pangnirtung 0 - -00 1921 # trading post est.
2310 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
2311 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2312 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2313 -5:00 Canada E%sT
2314 # formerly Frobisher Bay
2315 Zone America/Iqaluit 0 - -00 1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
2316 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2317 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2318 -5:00 Canada E%sT
2319 # aka Qausuittuq
2320 Zone America/Resolute 0 - -00 1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
2321 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2322 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2323 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2006 Oct 29 2:00
2324 -5:00 - EST 2007 Mar 11 3:00
2325 -6:00 Canada C%sT
2326 # aka Kangiqiniq
2327 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0 - -00 1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
2328 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2329 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2330 -6:00 Canada C%sT
2331 # aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
2332 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0 - -00 1920 # trading post est.?
2333 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2334 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2335 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
2336 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2337 -7:00 Canada M%sT
2338 Zone America/Yellowknife 0 - -00 1935 # Yellowknife founded?
2339 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2340 -7:00 Canada M%sT
2341 Zone America/Inuvik 0 - -00 1953 # Inuvik founded
2342 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
2343 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2344 -7:00 Canada M%sT
2345 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2346 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1967 May 28 0:00
2347 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2348 -8:00 Canada P%sT
2349 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2350 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
2351 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2352 -8:00 Canada P%sT
2353
2354
2355 ###############################################################################
2356
2357 # Mexico
2358
2359 # From Paul Eggert (2014-12-07):
2360 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
2361 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
2362 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
2363 # http://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/index.htm
2364 #
2365 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
2366 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
2367 # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
2368 # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
2369 # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
2370 # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
2371
2372 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
2373 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
2374 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
2375 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
2376 # the relevant documents.
2377
2378 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
2379 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
2380 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
2381 #
2382 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
2383 #
2384 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
2385 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
2386 #
2387 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
2388 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
2389 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
2390 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
2391 #
2392 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
2393 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
2394 # BajaNorte: GMT+7
2395 # BajaSur: GMT+6
2396 # General: GMT+5
2397 #
2398 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
2399 # BajaNorte: GMT+8
2400 # BajaSur: GMT+7
2401 # General: GMT+6
2402 #
2403 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
2404 #
2405 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
2406 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
2407 # For an English translation of the decree, see
2408 # "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).
2409 # http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html
2410
2411 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2412 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2413 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2414
2415 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2416 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2417 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2418 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2419 # Arizona year round.
2420
2421 # From Jesper Nørgaard, translating
2422 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2423 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2424 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2425 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2426 # whole year.
2427
2428 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2429 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2430 # (translated):...
2431 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2432 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2433 # this year....
2434 # http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001
2435 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2436 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2437
2438 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2439 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2440 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2441 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2442 # ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2443 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2444 # the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish
2445 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2446
2447 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
2448 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre
2449 # (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2450 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03).
2451
2452 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2453 #
2454 # http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html
2455 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2456 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2457 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that
2458 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2459 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2460 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2461 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2462 #
2463 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2464
2465 # From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01):
2466 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2467 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2468 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2469 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2470 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2471 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2472 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2473 # September 30, 2001.
2474 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2475 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2476
2477 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2478 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2479 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2480 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2481 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2482 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2483 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2484 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2485
2486 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2487 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2488 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2489 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2490 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2491
2492 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2493 #
2494 # Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2495 # > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2496 # > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2497 # > the United States.
2498 # Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2499 # 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2500 # http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2501 # http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2502 # (Spanish)
2503 #
2504 # Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2505 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2506 # (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2507 #
2508 # There is also a list of the votes here:
2509 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2510 #
2511 # Our page:
2512 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2513
2514 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2515 # The page
2516 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2517 # includes this text:
2518 # En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2519 # Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2520 # Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2521 # Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
2522 # desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2523 # horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2524 # En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2525 # fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2526 # internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2527 # kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2528 # interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2529 # efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2530 # las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2531
2532 # From Steffen Thorsen (2014-12-08), translated by Gwillim Law:
2533 # The Mexican state of Quintana Roo will likely change to EST in 2015.
2534 #
2535 # http://www.unioncancun.mx/articulo/2014/12/04/medio-ambiente/congreso-aprueba-una-hora-mas-de-sol-en-qroo
2536 # "With this change, the time conflict that has existed between the municipios
2537 # of Quintana Roo and the municipio of Felipe Carrillo Puerto may come to an
2538 # end. The latter declared itself in rebellion 15 years ago when a time change
2539 # was initiated in Mexico, and since then it has refused to change its time
2540 # zone along with the rest of the country."
2541 #
2542 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-01-14), translated by Gwillim Law:
2543 # http://sipse.com/novedades/confirman-aplicacion-de-nueva-zona-horaria-para-quintana-roo-132331.html
2544 # "...the new time zone will come into effect at two o'clock on the first Sunday
2545 # of February, when we will have to advance the clock one hour from its current
2546 # time..."
2547 # Also, the new zone will not use DST.
2548 #
2549 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2015-02-02):
2550 # The decree that modifies the Mexican Hour System Law has finally
2551 # been published at the Diario Oficial de la Federación
2552 # http://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5380123&fecha=31/01/2015
2553 # It establishes 5 zones for Mexico:
2554 # 1- Zona Centro (Central Zone): Corresponds to longitude 90 W,
2555 # includes most of Mexico, excluding what's mentioned below.
2556 # 2- Zona Pacífico (Pacific Zone): Longitude 105 W, includes the
2557 # states of Baja California Sur; Chihuahua; Nayarit (excluding Bahía
2558 # de Banderas which lies in Central Zone); Sinaloa and Sonora.
2559 # 3- Zona Noroeste (Northwest Zone): Longitude 120 W, includes the
2560 # state of Baja California.
2561 # 4- Zona Sureste (Southeast Zone): Longitude 75 W, includes the state
2562 # of Quintana Roo.
2563 # 5- The islands, reefs and keys shall take their timezone from the
2564 # longitude they are located at.
2565
2566 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2567 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
2568 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
2569 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
2570 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
2571 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
2572 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
2573 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
2574 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
2575 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2576 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2577 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2578 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
2579 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2580 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2581 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2582 # Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún
2583 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
2584 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2585 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
2586 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2015 Feb 1 2:00
2587 -5:00 - EST
2588 # Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida
2589 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
2590 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2591 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
2592 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2593 # Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2594 # This includes the following municipalities:
2595 # in Coahuila: Ocampo, Acuña, Zaragoza, Jiménez, Piedras Negras, Nava,
2596 # Guerrero, Hidalgo.
2597 # in Nuevo León: Anáhuac, Los Aldama.
2598 # in Tamaulipas: Nuevo Laredo, Guerrero, Mier, Miguel Alemán, Camargo,
2599 # Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Reynosa, Río Bravo, Valle Hermoso, Matamoros.
2600 # See: Inicia mañana Horario de Verano en zona fronteriza, El Universal,
2601 # 2016-03-12
2602 # http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/estados/2016/03/12/inicia-manana-horario-de-verano-en-zona-fronteriza
2603 Zone America/Matamoros -6:40:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:20:00
2604 -6:00 - CST 1988
2605 -6:00 US C%sT 1989
2606 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2010
2607 -6:00 US C%sT
2608 # Durango; Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2609 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
2610 -6:00 - CST 1988
2611 -6:00 US C%sT 1989
2612 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2613 # Central Mexico
2614 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
2615 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2616 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2617 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2618 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2619 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2620 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 2:00
2621 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
2622 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2623 # Chihuahua (near US border)
2624 # This includes the municipalities of Janos, Ascensión, Juárez, Guadalupe,
2625 # Práxedis G Guerrero, Coyame del Sotol, Ojinaga, and Manuel Benavides.
2626 # (See the 2016-03-12 El Universal source mentioned above.)
2627 Zone America/Ojinaga -6:57:40 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:02:20
2628 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2629 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2630 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2631 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2632 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2633 -6:00 - CST 1996
2634 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2635 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2636 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010
2637 -7:00 US M%sT
2638 # Chihuahua (away from US border)
2639 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
2640 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2641 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2642 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2643 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2644 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2645 -6:00 - CST 1996
2646 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2647 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2648 -7:00 Mexico M%sT
2649 # Sonora
2650 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
2651 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2652 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2653 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2654 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2655 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2656 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2657 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2658 -8:00 - PST 1970
2659 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
2660 -7:00 - MST
2661
2662 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2663 # According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2664 # changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2665 # share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2666 #
2667 # (Spanish)
2668 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2669 # país, a partir de este domingo
2670 # http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2671 #
2672 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2673 # País
2674 # http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50
2675 #
2676 # (English)
2677 # Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2678 # http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2679 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2680 #
2681 # "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2682 # will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2683 # zone ..."
2684 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2685
2686 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2687 # Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2688
2689 # Mazatlán
2690 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
2691 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2692 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2693 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2694 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2695 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2696 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2697 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2698 -8:00 - PST 1970
2699 -7:00 Mexico M%sT
2700
2701 # Bahía de Banderas
2702 Zone America/Bahia_Banderas -7:01:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:59:00
2703 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2704 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2705 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2706 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2707 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2708 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2709 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2710 -8:00 - PST 1970
2711 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010 Apr 4 2:00
2712 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2713
2714 # Baja California
2715 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
2716 -7:00 - MST 1924
2717 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2718 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
2719 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
2720 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
2721 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
2722 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2723 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2724 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
2725 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
2726 -8:00 - PST 1954
2727 -8:00 CA P%sT 1961
2728 -8:00 - PST 1976
2729 -8:00 US P%sT 1996
2730 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
2731 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
2732 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2010
2733 -8:00 US P%sT
2734 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2735 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2736 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2737 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
2738 # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
2739 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and
2740 # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2741 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
2742 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2743 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2744 # name or contents should be.
2745 #
2746 # From Paul Eggert (2015-10-08):
2747 # Formerly there was an America/Santa_Isabel zone, but this appears to
2748 # have come from a misreading of
2749 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2750 # It has been moved to the 'backward' file.
2751 #
2752 #
2753 # Revillagigedo Is
2754 # no information
2755
2756 ###############################################################################
2757
2758 # Anguilla
2759 # Antigua and Barbuda
2760 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2761
2762 # Bahamas
2763 #
2764 # For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
2765 #
2766 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2767 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2768 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2769 # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2770
2771 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2772 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2773 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2774 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2775 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:30 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2776 -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
2777 -5:00 US E%sT
2778
2779 # Barbados
2780
2781 # For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
2782
2783 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2784 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
2785 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2786 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
2787 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2788 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
2789 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2790 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:29 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
2791 -3:58:29 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2792 -4:00 Barb A%sT
2793
2794 # Belize
2795 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2796 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2797 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 -0530
2798 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 CST
2799 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 CDT
2800 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 CST
2801 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 CDT
2802 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 CST
2803 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2804 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
2805 -6:00 Belize %s
2806
2807 # Bermuda
2808
2809 # For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
2810 # Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that.
2811
2812 # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2813
2814 # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2815 # in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone
2816 # (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2817 # Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2818 # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2819
2820 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2821 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:18 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
2822 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2823 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1976
2824 -4:00 US A%sT
2825
2826 # Cayman Is
2827 # See America/Panama.
2828
2829 # Costa Rica
2830
2831 # Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest.
2832
2833 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2834 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2835 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2836 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2837 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2838 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2839 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
2840 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
2841 # There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
2842 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2843 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José
2844 -5:36:13 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
2845 -6:00 CR C%sT
2846 # Coco
2847 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2848
2849 # Cuba
2850
2851 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2852 # Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
2853 # for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
2854 # For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
2855
2856 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2857 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2858 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2859 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2860 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2861 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2862 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2863 # sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2864 # to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have
2865 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2866
2867 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):
2868 # DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the
2869 # years before. The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...
2870 # https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html
2871
2872 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2873 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2874 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2875 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2876 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2877 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2878 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2879 # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2880
2881 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2882 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2883 # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
2884 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2885
2886 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2887 # An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2888 # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2889 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2890 # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2891 # watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning
2892 # to the normal schedule....
2893
2894 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
2895 # <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday,
2896 # says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
2897 # For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
2898 # except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
2899 #
2900 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
2901 # Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
2902 # earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
2903 #
2904 # He supplied these references:
2905 #
2906 # http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
2907 # http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
2908 #
2909 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25):
2910 # Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
2911 #
2912 # Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre
2913 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
2914 #
2915 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
2916
2917 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
2918 # I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
2919 # Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
2920 # http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
2921 # a Cuban information station, and heard
2922 # the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
2923 # indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
2924
2925 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
2926 # It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
2927 # It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
2928 # http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
2929 #
2930 # Some more background information is posted here:
2931 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
2932 #
2933 # The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
2934 # while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
2935 # 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
2936 # observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
2937 # which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
2938 # change some historic records as well.
2939 #
2940 # One example:
2941 # http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
2942
2943 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
2944 # The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
2945 # web site, the Granma. Please check out
2946 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
2947 #
2948 # Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change
2949 # will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
2950
2951 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
2952 # Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
2953
2954 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
2955 # According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
2956 # midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
2957 # not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
2958 #
2959 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
2960 # (in Spanish)
2961
2962 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
2963 # I listened over the Internet to
2964 # http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
2965 # this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
2966 # the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating
2967 # that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
2968
2969 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):
2970 # Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00
2971 # this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has
2972 # changed at all).
2973 #
2974 # Source:
2975 # http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
2976 #
2977 # Our info:
2978 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
2979 #
2980 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
2981 # Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
2982 # tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.
2983 #
2984 # One source (Spanish)
2985 # http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
2986 #
2987 # Our page:
2988 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
2989 #
2990 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
2991 # According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
2992 # 31 and April 1.
2993 #
2994 # Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):
2995 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
2996 #
2997 # Our info on it:
2998 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
2999
3000 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
3001 # Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
3002 # to standard time on 2012-11-04:
3003 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre
3004 # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):
3005 # For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.
3006
3007 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3008 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
3009 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
3010 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3011 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3012 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3013 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3014 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
3015 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
3016 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
3017 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
3018 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
3019 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
3020 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
3021 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
3022 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3023 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
3024 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3025 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
3026 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
3027 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
3028 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
3029 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
3030 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3031 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
3032 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
3033 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
3034 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
3035 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
3036 Rule Cuba 2000 2003 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
3037 Rule Cuba 2004 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
3038 Rule Cuba 2006 2010 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
3039 Rule Cuba 2007 only - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
3040 Rule Cuba 2008 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
3041 Rule Cuba 2009 2010 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
3042 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
3043 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Nov 13 0:00s 0 S
3044 Rule Cuba 2012 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 D
3045 Rule Cuba 2012 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:00s 0 S
3046 Rule Cuba 2013 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
3047
3048 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3049 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
3050 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
3051 -5:00 Cuba C%sT
3052
3053 # Dominica
3054 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3055
3056 # Dominican Republic
3057
3058 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
3059 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
3060 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
3061 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
3062
3063 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
3064 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
3065
3066 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
3067 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
3068 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
3069 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
3070 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
3071 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
3072 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
3073 # decided to revert.
3074
3075
3076 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3077 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 EDT
3078 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 EST
3079 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 -0430
3080 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 EST
3081 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 EST
3082 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 EST
3083 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3084 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
3085 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
3086 -5:00 DR %s 1974 Oct 27
3087 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 2:00
3088 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 1:00
3089 -4:00 - AST
3090
3091 # El Salvador
3092
3093 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3094 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3095 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
3096 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
3097 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
3098 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3099 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
3100 -6:00 Salv C%sT
3101
3102 # Grenada
3103 # Guadeloupe
3104 # St Barthélemy
3105 # St Martin (French part)
3106 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3107
3108 # Guatemala
3109 #
3110 # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
3111 # Diario Co Latino, at
3112 # <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>,
3113 # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
3114 # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
3115 # impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
3116 # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
3117 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
3118 # The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
3119 # (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See
3120 # http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf
3121
3122 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3123 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
3124 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
3125 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
3126 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
3127 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
3128 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
3129 Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
3130 Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
3131 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3132 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
3133 -6:00 Guat C%sT
3134
3135 # Haiti
3136 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
3137 # Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
3138 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release
3139 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
3140 # <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>. Translated from French, it says:
3141 #
3142 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
3143 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
3144 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
3145 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
3146 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
3147 #
3148 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
3149 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
3150 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
3151 # October 2005.
3152 #
3153 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
3154 #
3155 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
3156 # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
3157 # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
3158 # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
3159 # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
3160 #
3161 # I have found this article about it (in French):
3162 # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
3163 #
3164 # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
3165
3166 # From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
3167 # Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
3168
3169 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):
3170 # According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,
3171 # apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
3172 # So this means they have already changed their time.
3173 #
3174 # http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
3175 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
3176 #
3177 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
3178 # The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
3179 # 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
3180 # Assume a US-style fall back as well.
3181
3182 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
3183 # It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
3184 # as US/Canada. They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
3185 # are going to observe DST every year now...
3186 #
3187 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
3188 # http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
3189
3190 # From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-12):
3191 # Jean Antoine, editor of www.haiti-reference.com informed us that Haiti
3192 # are not going on DST this year. Several other resources confirm this: ...
3193 # https://www.radiotelevisioncaraibes.com/presse/heure_d_t_pas_de_changement_d_heure_pr_vu_pour_cet_ann_e.html
3194 # https://www.vantbefinfo.com/changement-dheure-pas-pour-haiti/
3195 # http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-lheure-nationale-ne-sera-ni-avancee-ni-reculee-cette-annee/
3196
3197 # From Steffen Thorsen (2017-03-12):
3198 # We have received 4 mails from different people telling that Haiti
3199 # has started DST again today, and this source seems to confirm that,
3200 # I have not been able to find a more authoritative source:
3201 # https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-20319-haiti-notices-time-change-in-haiti.html
3202
3203 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3204 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
3205 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
3206 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3207 # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
3208 # Go with IATA.
3209 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
3210 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
3211 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3212 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3213 Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
3214 Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
3215 Rule Haiti 2017 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
3216 Rule Haiti 2017 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
3217 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3218 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
3219 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
3220 -5:00 Haiti E%sT
3221
3222 # Honduras
3223 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
3224
3225 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
3226 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
3227 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
3228 # months until September. La Tribuna reported today
3229 # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
3230 # of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
3231
3232 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
3233 # It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
3234 # 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
3235 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
3236
3237 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
3238 # Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08).
3239 # http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12
3240 # It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
3241
3242 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
3243 # Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
3244 # published, I have located this authoritative source:
3245 # http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
3246
3247 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
3248 # http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
3249 # So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
3250
3251 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3252 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3253 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
3254 Rule Hond 2006 only - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3255 Rule Hond 2006 only - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S
3256 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3257 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
3258 -6:00 Hond C%sT
3259 #
3260 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
3261
3262 # Jamaica
3263 # Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
3264 # unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
3265 # island". Go with Milne. Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
3266 #
3267 # Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but
3268 # Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.
3269 # Assume Neita meant Jan 6 02:00, the same as the US. Neita also writes that
3270 # Manley's supporters associated this act with Manley's nickname "Joshua"
3271 # (recall that in the Bible the sun stood still at Joshua's request),
3272 # and with the Rod of Correction which Manley said he had received from
3273 # Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia. See:
3274 # Neita L. The politician in all of us. Jamaica Observer 2014-09-20
3275 # http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
3276 #
3277 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3278 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:11 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
3279 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3280 -5:00 - EST 1974
3281 -5:00 US E%sT 1984
3282 -5:00 - EST
3283
3284 # Martinique
3285 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3286 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
3287 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
3288 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
3289 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
3290 -4:00 - AST
3291
3292 # Montserrat
3293 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3294
3295 # Nicaragua
3296 #
3297 # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
3298 #
3299 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
3300 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
3301 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
3302 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
3303 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
3304 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
3305 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
3306 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
3307 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
3308 #
3309 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
3310 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
3311 # assume that it is daylight saving....
3312 #
3313 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
3314 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
3315 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
3316 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
3317 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
3318 # during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."...
3319 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
3320 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
3321 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
3322 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
3323 #
3324 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
3325 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
3326 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
3327 # (2005-09-26)
3328 #
3329 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
3330 # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
3331 # (my informal translation)
3332 # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua
3333 # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
3334 # morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September.
3335 #
3336 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
3337 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
3338 # My informal translation runs:
3339 # The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
3340 # time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
3341 #
3342 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3343 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
3344 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
3345 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
3346 Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3347 Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
3348 Rule Nic 2006 only - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
3349 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3350 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
3351 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
3352 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
3353 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
3354 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
3355 -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
3356 -6:00 - CST 1993
3357 -5:00 - EST 1997
3358 -6:00 Nic C%sT
3359
3360 # Panama
3361 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3362 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
3363 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time
3364 -5:00 - EST
3365 Link America/Panama America/Cayman
3366
3367 # Puerto Rico
3368 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
3369 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3370 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
3371 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
3372 -4:00 US A%sT 1946
3373 -4:00 - AST
3374
3375 # St Kitts-Nevis
3376 # St Lucia
3377 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3378
3379 # St Pierre and Miquelon
3380 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
3381 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3382 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
3383 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
3384 -3:00 - -03 1987
3385 -3:00 Canada -03/-02
3386
3387 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
3388 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3389
3390 # Turks and Caicos
3391 #
3392 # From Chris Dunn in
3393 # https://bugs.debian.org/415007
3394 # (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
3395 # daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
3396 # the recent U.S. change of dates.
3397 #
3398 # From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
3399 # http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
3400 # there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
3401 # rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
3402 # "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
3403 # Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
3404 # indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
3405 #
3406 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-19):
3407 # The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UT -04 year-round. See:
3408 # http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm
3409 # Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST ...
3410 # From Chris Walton (2014-11-04):
3411 # ... the TCI government appears to have delayed the switch to
3412 # "permanent daylight saving time" by one year....
3413 # http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm
3414 #
3415 # From the Turks & Caicos Cabinet (2017-07-20), heads-up from Steffen Thorsen:
3416 # ... agreed to the reintroduction in TCI of Daylight Saving Time (DST)
3417 # during the summer months and Standard Time, also known as Local
3418 # Time, during the winter months with effect from April 2018 ...
3419 # https://www.gov.uk/government/news/turks-and-caicos-post-cabinet-meeting-statement--3
3420 #
3421 # From Paul Eggert (2017-08-26):
3422 # The date of effect of the spring 2018 change appears to be March 11,
3423 # which makes more sense. See: Hamilton D. Time change back
3424 # by March 2018 for TCI. Magnetic Media. 2017-08-25.
3425 # http://magneticmediatv.com/2017/08/time-change-back-by-march-2018-for-tci/
3426 #
3427 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3428 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
3429 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3430 -5:00 - EST 1979
3431 -5:00 US E%sT 2015 Nov Sun>=1 2:00
3432 -4:00 - AST 2018 Mar 11 3:00
3433 -5:00 US E%sT
3434
3435 # British Virgin Is
3436 # Virgin Is
3437 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3438
3439
3440 # Local Variables:
3441 # coding: utf-8
3442 # End: