1 #
2 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
3 #
4 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
5 # under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
6 # published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
7 # particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
8 # by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
9 #
10 # This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
11 # ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
12 # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
13 # version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
14 # accompanied this code).
15 #
16 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
17 # 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
18 # Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
19 #
20 # Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
21 # or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
22 # questions.
23 #
24 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
25 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
26
27 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
28
29 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
30 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
31 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
32 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
33
34 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
35 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
36 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
37
38 ###############################################################################
39
40 # United States
41
42 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
43 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
44 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
45 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
46 # His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
47 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
48 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
49 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
50
51 # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-21):
52 # Dowd's proposal left many details unresolved, such as where to draw
53 # lines between time zones. The key individual who made time zones
54 # work in the US was William Frederick Allen - railway engineer,
55 # managing editor of the Travelers' Guide, and secretary of the
56 # General Time Convention, a railway standardization group. Allen
57 # spent months in dialogs with scientific and railway leaders,
58 # developed a workable plan to institute time zones, and presented it
59 # to the General Time Convention on 1883-04-11, saying that his plan
60 # meant "local time would be practically abolished" - a plus for
61 # railway scheduling. By the next convention on 1883-10-11 nearly all
62 # railroads had agreed and it took effect on 1883-11-18 at 12:00.
63 # That Sunday was called the "day of two noons", as the eastern parts
64 # of the new zones observed noon twice. Allen witnessed the
65 # transition in New York City, writing:
66 #
67 # I heard the bells of St. Paul's strike on the old time. Four
68 # minutes later, obedient to the electrical signal from the Naval
69 # Observatory ... the time-ball made its rapid descent, the chimes
70 # of old Trinity rang twelve measured strokes, and local time was
71 # abandoned, probably forever.
72 #
73 # Most of the US soon followed suit. See:
74 # Bartky IR. The adoption of standard time. Technol Cult 1989 Jan;30(1):25-56.
75 # http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105430
76
77 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
78 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
79 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
80
81 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
82 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
83 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
84 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
85 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
86 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
87
88 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
89 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
90 # in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
91 # of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
92 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
93 #
94 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
95 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
96 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
97 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
98 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
99 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
100 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
101 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
102 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
103 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
104 #
105 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
106 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
107 #
108 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
109 # Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
110 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927).
111 # http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html
112 #
113 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
114 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
115 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
116 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
117
118 # From Arthur David Olson:
119 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
120 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
121 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
122
123 # From Arthur David Olson:
124 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
125 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
126
127 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
128 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
129 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
130 # An AltaVista search turned up:
131 # https://web.archive.org/web/20000926032210/http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html
132 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
133 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
134 # (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
135 #
136 # From Paul Eggert (2017-09-23):
137 # This was the V-J Day issue of the Clamdigger, a Rowayton, CT newsletter.
138
139 # From Joseph Gallant citing
140 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
141 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
142 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
143 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
144 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
145 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
146 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
147 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
148
149 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
150 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
151 #
152 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
153 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
154 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
155 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
156 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
157 # importance."
158 #
159 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
160 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
161 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
162 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
163 #
164 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
165
166 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
167 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
168 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
169 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
170 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
171
172 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
173 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
174 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
175 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
176 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
177 Rule US 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
178 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
179 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
180 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
181 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
182 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
183 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
184 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
185 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
186
187 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
188 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
189 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
190 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
191 # this time zone package.
192 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
193 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
194 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
195 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
196 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
197
198 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
199 Zone EST -5:00 - EST
200 Zone MST -7:00 - MST
201 Zone HST -10:00 - HST
202 Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
203 Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
204 Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
205 Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
206
207 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
208 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
209 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
210 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
211 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
212 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
213 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
214 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
215 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
216 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
217 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
218 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
219 # USA " 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
220 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
221 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
222
223 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
224 # The above dates are for 1988.
225 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
226 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
227 # Aleutians.
228
229 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
230 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
231 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
232 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
233 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
234 # (none)
235 # United States standard eastern time
236 # United States standard mountain time
237 # United States standard central time
238 # United States standard Pacific time
239 # (none)
240 # United States standard Alaska time
241 # (none)
242 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
243 # public law 98-181):
244 # Atlantic standard time
245 # eastern standard time
246 # central standard time
247 # mountain standard time
248 # Pacific standard time
249 # Yukon standard time
250 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
251 # Bering standard time
252 # And after 1983-11-30:
253 # Atlantic standard time
254 # eastern standard time
255 # central standard time
256 # mountain standard time
257 # Pacific standard time
258 # Alaska standard time
259 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
260 # Samoa standard time
261 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
262 #
263 # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-19):
264 # Here are URLs for the 1918 and 1966 legislation:
265 # http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=40&page=451
266 # http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=80&page=108
267 # Although the 1918 names were officially "United States Standard
268 # Eastern Time" and similarly for "Central", "Mountain", "Pacific",
269 # and "Alaska", in practice "Standard" was placed just before "Time",
270 # as codified in 1966. In practice, Alaska time was abbreviated "AST"
271 # before 1968. Summarizing the 1967 name changes:
272 # 1918 names 1967 names
273 # -08 Standard Pacific Time (PST) Pacific standard time (PST)
274 # -09 (unofficial) Yukon (YST) Yukon standard time (YST)
275 # -10 Standard Alaska Time (AST) Alaska-Hawaii standard time (AHST)
276 # -11 (unofficial) Nome (NST) Bering standard time (BST)
277 #
278 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
279 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced ... "Chamorro Standard Time"
280 # for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas. See the file "australasia".
281 #
282 # From Paul Eggert (2015-04-17):
283 # HST and HDT are standardized abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian
284 # standard and daylight times. See section 9.47 (p 234) of the
285 # U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual (2008)
286 # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf
287
288 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
289 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
290 #
291 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
292 # (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
293 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
294 # (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second
295 # Sunday of March"; and
296 # (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first
297 # Sunday of November'.
298 # (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
299 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
300 # (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective
301 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
302 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
303 # States.
304 # (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the
305 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
306 # Department study is complete.
307
308 # US eastern time, represented by New York
309
310 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
311 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
312 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
313 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
314 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
315 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
316
317 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
318 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
319 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
320 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
321 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
322 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
323
324 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
325 # According to today's Huntsville Times
326 # http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1
327 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
328 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
329 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
330 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
331 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
332 # in Columbus."
333 #
334 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22):
335 # Four cities are involved. The two not mentioned above are Smiths Station
336 # and Valley. Barbara Brooks, Valley's assistant treasurer, heard it started
337 # because West Point Pepperell textile mills were in Alabama while the
338 # corporate office was in Georgia, and residents voted to keep Eastern
339 # time even after the mills closed. See: Kazek K. Did you know which
340 # Alabama towns are in a different time zone? al.com 2017-02-06.
341 # http://www.al.com/living/index.ssf/2017/02/do_you_know_which_alabama_town.html
342
343 # From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
344 # Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
345 # says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of
346 # Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch. Round to the
347 # nearest second.
348
349 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
350 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
351 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
352 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
353 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
354 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
355 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
356 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
357 -5:00 US E%sT 1920
358 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1942
359 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
360 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1967
361 -5:00 US E%sT
362
363 # US central time, represented by Chicago
364
365 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
366 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
367 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
368 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
369 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
370 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
371 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
372 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
373
374 # From Paul Eggert (2018-01-07):
375 # In 1869 the Chicago Astronomical Society contracted with the city to keep
376 # time. Though delayed by the Great Fire, by 1880 a wire ran from the
377 # Dearborn Observatory (on the University of Chicago campus) to City Hall,
378 # which then sent signals to police and fire stations. However, railroads got
379 # their time signals from the Allegheny Observatory, the Madison Observatory,
380 # the Ann Arbor Observatory, etc., so their clocks did not agree with each
381 # other or with the city's official time. The confusion took some years to
382 # clear up. See:
383 # Moser M. How Chicago gave America its time zones. Chicago. 2018-01-04.
384 # http://www.chicagomag.com/city-life/January-2018/How-Chicago-Gave-America-Its-Time-Zones/
385
386 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
387 # https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/175.pdf
388 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
389 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
390 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
391 # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
392 #
393 # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
394 # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
395 # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
396 # https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2007/related/acts/3
397
398 # From an email administrator of the City of Fort Pierre, SD (2015-12-21):
399 # Fort Pierre is technically located in the Mountain time zone as is
400 # the rest of Stanley County. Most of Stanley County and Fort Pierre
401 # uses the Central time zone due to doing most of their business in
402 # Pierre so it simplifies schedules. I have lived in Stanley County
403 # all my life and it has been that way since I can remember. (43 years!)
404 #
405 # From Paul Eggert (2015-12-25):
406 # Assume this practice predates 1970, so Fort Pierre can use America/Chicago.
407
408 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
409 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
410 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
411 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
412 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
413 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
414 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
415 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
416 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
417 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
418 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
419 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
420 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
421 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
422 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
423 -6:00 US C%sT
424 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
425 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
426 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 2:00
427 -6:00 US C%sT
428 # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
429 # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
430 # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
431 # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
432 # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
433 # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
434 # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
435 Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
436 -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 2:00
437 -6:00 US C%sT
438
439 # From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
440 # ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
441 # mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
442 # daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
443 # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
444 # http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
445
446 # From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
447 # ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
448 # it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
449 # largest city in Mercer County). Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
450 # at 47 degrees 15' 51" N, 101 degrees 46' 40" W, which yields an offset
451 # of 6h47'07".
452
453 Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:53
454 -7:00 US M%sT 2010 Nov 7 2:00
455 -6:00 US C%sT
456
457 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
458 #
459 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
460 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
461 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
462 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
463 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
464 #
465 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
466 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
467 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
468 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
469 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
470 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
471 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
472 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
473 -7:00 US M%sT 1920
474 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
475 -7:00 US M%sT 1946
476 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
477 -7:00 US M%sT
478
479 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
480 #
481 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
482 # Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county
483 # north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),
484 # Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern 3/4 of
485 # Malheur county), and Washington
486
487 # From Paul Eggert (2016-08-20):
488 # In early February 1948, in response to California's electricity shortage,
489 # PG&E changed power frequency from 60 to 59.5 Hz during daylight hours,
490 # causing electric clocks to lose six minutes per day. (This did not change
491 # legal time, and is not part of the data here.) See:
492 # Ross SA. An energy crisis from the past: Northern California in 1948.
493 # Working Paper No. 8, Institute of Governmental Studies, UC Berkeley,
494 # 1973-11. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8x22k30c
495 #
496 # In another measure to save electricity, DST was instituted from 1948-03-14
497 # at 02:01 to 1949-01-16 at 02:00, with the governor having the option to move
498 # the fallback transition earlier. See pages 3-4 of:
499 # http://clerk.assembly.ca.gov/sites/clerk.assembly.ca.gov/files/archive/Statutes/1948/48Vol1_Chapters.pdf
500 #
501 # In response:
502 #
503 # Governor Warren received a torrent of objecting mail, and it is not too much
504 # to speculate that the objections to Daylight Saving Time were one important
505 # factor in the defeat of the Dewey-Warren Presidential ticket in California.
506 # -- Ross, p 25
507 #
508 # On December 8 the governor exercised the option, setting the date to January 1
509 # (LA Times 1948-12-09). The transition time was 02:00 (LA Times 1949-01-01).
510 #
511 # Despite the controversy, in 1949 California voters approved Proposition 12,
512 # which established DST from April's last Sunday at 01:00 until September's
513 # last Sunday at 02:00. This was amended by 1962's Proposition 6, which changed
514 # the fall-back date to October's last Sunday. See:
515 # https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1501&context=ca_ballot_props
516 # https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1636&context=ca_ballot_props
517 #
518 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
519 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:01 1:00 D
520 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
521 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 1:00 1:00 D
522 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
523 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
524 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
525 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
526 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
527 -8:00 CA P%sT 1967
528 -8:00 US P%sT
529
530 # Alaska
531 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -09 per USNO.
532 #
533 # From Paul Eggert (2017-06-15):
534 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
535 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
536 # On Friday, 1867-10-18 (Gregorian), at precisely 15:30 local time, the
537 # Russian forts and fleet at Sitka fired salutes to mark the ceremony of
538 # formal transfer. See the Sacramento Daily Union (1867-11-14), p 3, col 2.
539 # https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18671114.2.12.1
540 # Sitka workers did not change their calendars until Sunday, 1867-10-20,
541 # and so celebrated two Sundays that week. See: Ahllund T (tr Hallamaa P).
542 # From the memoirs of a Finnish workman. Alaska History. 2006 Fall;21(2):1-25.
543 # http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Ahllund-2006-Memoirs-of-a-Finnish-Workman.pdf
544 # Include only the time zone part of this transition, ignoring the switch
545 # from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent the Julian calendar.
546 #
547 # As far as we know, of the locations mentioned below only Sitka was
548 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
549 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement was
550 # destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) Many of Alaska's inhabitants
551 # were unaware of the US acquisition of Alaska, much less of any calendar or
552 # time change. However, the Russian-influenced part of Alaska did observe
553 # Russian time, and it is more accurate to model this than to ignore it.
554 # The database format requires an exact transition time; use the Russian
555 # salute as a somewhat-arbitrary time for the formal transfer of control for
556 # all of Alaska. Sitka's UTC offset is -9:01:13; adjust its 15:30 to the
557 # local times of other Alaskan locations so that they change simultaneously.
558
559 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):
560 # One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and
561 # daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall:
562 # "Welcome to Juneau. Please turn your watch back to the 19th century."
563 # See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01.
564 # http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html
565 #
566 # Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source:
567 # Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response.
568 # Alaska History 2001;16(1-2).
569 # http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/
570
571 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):
572 # Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:
573 #
574 # On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,
575 # 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.
576 # Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on
577 # Pacific Time.
578 #
579 # ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the
580 # Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in
581 # northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.
582 #
583 # On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted
584 # unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.
585 #
586 # According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not
587 # bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.
588 #
589 # (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo
590 # Nation.)
591
592 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):
593 # I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian
594 # Community office (using contact information available at
595 # http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla
596 # It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;
597 # the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether
598 # that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their
599 # own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I
600 # did not inquire about practices in the past.
601
602 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):
603 # For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's
604 # abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.
605
606 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-11-09):
607 # It seems Metlakatla did go off PST on Sunday, November 1, changing
608 # their time to AKST and are going to follow Alaska's DST, switching
609 # between AKST and AKDT from now on....
610 # https://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/
611
612 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
613 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:33:32
614 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
615 -8:00 - PST 1942
616 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
617 -8:00 - PST 1969
618 -8:00 US P%sT 1980 Apr 27 2:00
619 -9:00 US Y%sT 1980 Oct 26 2:00
620 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
621 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
622 -9:00 US AK%sT
623 Zone America/Sitka 14:58:47 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:30
624 -9:01:13 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
625 -8:00 - PST 1942
626 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
627 -8:00 - PST 1969
628 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
629 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
630 -9:00 US AK%sT
631 Zone America/Metlakatla 15:13:42 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:44:55
632 -8:46:18 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
633 -8:00 - PST 1942
634 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
635 -8:00 - PST 1969
636 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
637 -8:00 - PST 2015 Nov 1 2:00
638 -9:00 US AK%sT
639 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:12:18
640 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
641 -9:00 - YST 1942
642 -9:00 US Y%sT 1946
643 -9:00 - YST 1969
644 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
645 -9:00 US AK%sT
646 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 14:31:37
647 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
648 -10:00 - AST 1942
649 -10:00 US A%sT 1967 Apr
650 -10:00 - AHST 1969
651 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
652 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
653 -9:00 US AK%sT
654 Zone America/Nome 12:58:22 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 13:29:35
655 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
656 -11:00 - NST 1942
657 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
658 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
659 -11:00 - BST 1969
660 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
661 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
662 -9:00 US AK%sT
663 Zone America/Adak 12:13:22 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 12:44:35
664 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
665 -11:00 - NST 1942
666 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
667 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
668 -11:00 - BST 1969
669 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
670 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
671 -10:00 US H%sT
672 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
673 #
674 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
675 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
676 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
677 #
678 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
679 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
680 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
681 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
682 # possibly until 1983:
683 #
684 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
685 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
686 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
687 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
688 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
689 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
690 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
691 # three votes for and one against."
692
693 # Hawaii
694
695 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
696 # "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
697 # of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
698 # the article is available at
699 # https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
700 # and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
701 # 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
702 # saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
703 # last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
704 # act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
705 # from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
706 # when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
707 # effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
708 # day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
709 # cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
710 # and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
711
712 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
713 # The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
714 # Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
715 # 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
716 # 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
717 # year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
718 # hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
719 # day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
720 # Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
721 # hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
722 # which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
723 # that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
724 # Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
725 # of the Territory of Hawaii."
726 #
727 # Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
728 # We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
729
730 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
731 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1896 Jan 13 12:00
732 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
733 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 12:00
734 -10:30 - HST 1942 Feb 9 2:00
735 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
736 -10:30 - HST 1947 Jun 8 2:00
737 -10:00 - HST
738
739 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
740
741 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
742
743 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
744 #
745 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
746 # Daylight Saving Time web page
747 # <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23)
748 # maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
749 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
750 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
751 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
752 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
753 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
754 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
755 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
756 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
757 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
758 #
759 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
760 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
761
762 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
763 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
764 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 0:01
765 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 0:01
766 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 0:01
767 -7:00 - MST 1967
768 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
769 -7:00 - MST
770 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
771 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
772 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
773 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
774 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
775 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
776 #
777 # From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
778 # See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.
779
780 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
781 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
782 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
783 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
784 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
785 # quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
786 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
787 #
788 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
789 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
790 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
791 -7:00 US M%sT 1974
792 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
793 -7:00 US M%sT
794
795 # Indiana
796 #
797 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
798 # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana
799 #
800 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
801 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
802 # with the following exceptions:
803 #
804 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
805 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
806 #
807 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
808 #
809 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
810 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
811 #
812 # - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
813 # and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
814 #
815 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
816 # and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
817 # Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
818 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
819 #
820 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
821 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
822 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.
823
824 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26):
825 # https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana
826 # says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
827 # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
828 # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
829 # this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
830 # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
831 # Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their
832 # clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error. The intent
833 # was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
834
835 # From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
836 # The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
837 # going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
838 # http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
839
840 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
841 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
842 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
843 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
844 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
845 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
846 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
847 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
848 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
849 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
850 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
851 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
852 -5:00 - EST 1969
853 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
854 -5:00 - EST 2006
855 -5:00 US E%sT
856 #
857 # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
858 # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
859 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
860 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
861 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
862 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
863 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
864 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
865 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
866 -6:00 US C%sT 1951
867 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
868 -5:00 - EST 1969
869 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
870 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
871 -5:00 US E%sT 1976
872 -5:00 - EST 2006
873 -5:00 US E%sT
874 #
875 # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
876 # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
877 # in November 2007.
878 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
879 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
880 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
881 Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
882 Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
883 Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
884 Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
885 Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
886 Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
887 Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
888 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
889 Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
890 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
891 -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
892 -5:00 - EST 1969
893 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
894 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
895 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
896 -5:00 US E%sT
897 #
898 # Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
899 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
900 Rule Perry 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
901 Rule Perry 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
902 Rule Perry 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
903 Rule Perry 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
904 Rule Perry 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
905 Rule Perry 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
906 Rule Perry 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
907 Rule Perry 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
908 Rule Perry 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
909 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
910 Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
911 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
912 -6:00 Perry C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
913 -5:00 - EST 1969
914 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
915 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
916 -6:00 US C%sT
917 #
918 # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
919 # then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
920 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
921 Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
922 Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
923 Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
924 Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
925 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
926 Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
927 -6:00 US C%sT 1955
928 -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
929 -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
930 -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
931 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
932 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
933 -5:00 US E%sT
934 #
935 # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
936 # then switched back in 2006.
937 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
938 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
939 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
940 # 1991-10-27.
941 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
942 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
943 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
944 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
945 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
946 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
947 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
948 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
949 -6:00 US C%sT 1947
950 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
951 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
952 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
953 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
954 -6:00 US C%sT
955 #
956 # Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
957 # April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
958 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
959 Rule Pulaski 1946 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
960 Rule Pulaski 1946 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
961 Rule Pulaski 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
962 Rule Pulaski 1957 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
963 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
964 Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
965 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
966 -6:00 Pulaski C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
967 -5:00 - EST 1969
968 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
969 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
970 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Mar 11 2:00
971 -5:00 US E%sT
972 #
973 # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
974 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
975 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
976 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
977 -5:00 - EST 1969
978 -5:00 US E%sT 1973
979 -5:00 - EST 2006
980 -5:00 US E%sT
981
982 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
983 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
984 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
985 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
986 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
987 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
988 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
989 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
990 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
991 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
992 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
993 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
994 -6:00 US C%sT 1921
995 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
996 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
997 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
998 -5:00 - EST 1968
999 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
1000 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
1001 -5:00 US E%sT
1002 #
1003 # Wayne County, Kentucky
1004 #
1005 # From Lake Cumberland LIFE
1006 # http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml
1007 # (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
1008 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
1009 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
1010 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
1011 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
1012 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
1013 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
1014 # location in the Central time zone.
1015 #
1016 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
1017 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
1018 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
1019 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
1020 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
1021 #
1022 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
1023 # The final rule was published in the
1024 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.
1025 # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2000-08-17/html/00-20854.htm
1026 #
1027 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
1028 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
1029 -6:00 - CST 1968
1030 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1031 -5:00 US E%sT
1032
1033
1034 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
1035 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
1036 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
1037 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
1038 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
1039 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
1040 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
1041 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
1042 #
1043 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
1044 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
1045 # so omit that change for now.
1046 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
1047 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
1048 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
1049 # 1999-10-31. See the
1050 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.
1051 # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1999-10-21/html/99-27240.htm
1052 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
1053 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
1054 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
1055
1056 # Michigan
1057 #
1058 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
1059 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
1060 #
1061 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
1062 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
1063 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
1064 # that Detroit kept
1065 #
1066 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
1067 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
1068 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
1069 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
1070 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
1071 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
1072 # by city vote.
1073 #
1074 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
1075 #
1076 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
1077 # Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
1078 # one hour in 1914." This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
1079 # info, so omit this for now.
1080 #
1081 # From Paul Eggert (2017-07-26):
1082 # Although Shanks says Detroit observed DST in 1967 from 06-14 00:01
1083 # until 10-29 00:01, I now see multiple reports that this is incorrect.
1084 # For example, according to a 50-year anniversary report about the 1967
1085 # Detroit riots and a major-league doubleheader on 1967-07-23, "By the time
1086 # the last fly ball of the doubleheader settled into the glove of leftfielder
1087 # Lenny Green, it was after 7 p.m. Detroit did not observe daylight saving
1088 # time, so light was already starting to fail. Twilight was made even deeper
1089 # by billowing columns of smoke that ascended in an unbroken wall north of the
1090 # ballpark." See: Dow B. Detroit '67: As violence unfolded, Tigers played two
1091 # at home vs. Yankees. Detroit Free Press 2017-07-23.
1092 # https://www.freep.com/story/sports/mlb/tigers/2017/07/23/detroit-tigers-1967-riot-new-york-yankees/499951001/
1093 #
1094 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
1095 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1096 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1097 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1098 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1099 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
1100 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
1101 -5:00 - EST 1942
1102 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
1103 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
1104 -5:00 US E%sT 1975
1105 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
1106 -5:00 US E%sT
1107 #
1108 # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
1109 # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
1110 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1111 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1112 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1113 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1114 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1115 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1116 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
1117 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
1118 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
1119 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
1120 -6:00 US C%sT
1121
1122 # Navassa
1123 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
1124 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
1125 # also claimed by Haiti
1126 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
1127 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
1128 # currently uninhabited
1129 # see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
1130 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
1131 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
1132
1133 ################################################################################
1134
1135
1136 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):
1137 #
1138 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
1139 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
1140 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
1141 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
1142 #
1143 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
1144 # for time zone data was the International Air Transport
1145 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
1146 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
1147 # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
1148 # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
1149 #
1150 # Other sources occasionally used include:
1151 #
1152 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
1153 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
1154 # which I found in the UCLA library.
1155 #
1156 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
1157 # <http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
1158 # [PDF] (1914-03)
1159 #
1160 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
1161 # <https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
1162 #
1163 # See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
1164
1165 # Canada
1166
1167 # From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14):
1168 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
1169 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
1170 #
1171 # UTC Standard time Daylight saving time
1172 # offset French English French English
1173 # -2:30 - - HAT NDT
1174 # -3 - - HAA ADT
1175 # -3:30 HNT NST - -
1176 # -4 HNA AST HAE EDT
1177 # -5 HNE EST HAC CDT
1178 # -6 HNC CST HAR MDT
1179 # -7 HNR MST HAP PDT
1180 # -8 HNP PST HAY YDT
1181 # -9 HNY YST - -
1182 #
1183 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
1184 # HA: Heure Avancée DT: Daylight saving Time
1185 #
1186 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
1187 # C: du Centre Central
1188 # E: de l'Est Eastern
1189 # M: Mountain
1190 # N: Newfoundland
1191 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
1192 # R: des Rocheuses
1193 # T: de Terre-Neuve
1194 # Y: du Yukon Yukon
1195 #
1196 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
1197 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
1198
1199 # Unless otherwise specified, the data entries for Canada are all from Shanks
1200 # & Pottenger.
1201
1202 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1203 # 2007-03-01):
1204 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1205 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1206 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1207 # https://archive.news.gov.bc.ca/releases/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1208 # ...
1209 # Nova Scotia
1210 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1211 # https://www.novascotia.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1212 #
1213 # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1214 # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1215 # https://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1216 # ...
1217 # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1218 # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1219 # https://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1220 # ...
1221 # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1222 # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1223 # http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1224 # http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1225 # ...
1226 # P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1227 # http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1228 # ...
1229 # Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1230 # http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1231 # ...
1232 # Yukon
1233 # https://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1234 # ...
1235 # N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site
1236 # does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the
1237 # following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the
1238 # "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1239 # JavaScript.
1240 # http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1241 # ...
1242 # Nunavut
1243 # An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1244 # http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1245
1246 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-18):
1247 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1248 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1249 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/alacarte.asp
1250 # contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1251 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1252 #
1253 # National Research Council Canada maintains info about time zones and DST.
1254 # https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html
1255 # https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5
1256 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1257
1258 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1259 # For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1260 # new US DST rules,
1261
1262 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)
1263 # In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles
1264 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1265 # she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.
1266 # The quote includes these two statements:
1267 # 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'
1268 # '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'
1269 # These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time
1270 # that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918. This transition was
1271 # also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.
1272
1273 # In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed
1274 # Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day
1275 # than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.
1276
1277 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1278 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1279 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1280 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1281 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1282 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1283 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1284 Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1285 Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1286 Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1287 Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1288
1289
1290 # Newfoundland and Labrador
1291
1292 # From Paul Eggert (2017-10-14):
1293 # Legally Labrador should observe Newfoundland time; see:
1294 # McLeod J. Labrador time - legal or not? St. John's Telegram, 2017-10-07
1295 # http://www.thetelegram.com/news/local/labrador-time--legal-or-not-154860/
1296 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that the only part of Labrador
1297 # that follows the rules is the southeast corner, including Port Hope
1298 # Simpson and Mary's Harbour, but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1299
1300 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1301 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
1302 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
1303 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1304 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
1305 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
1306 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1307 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
1308 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
1309 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1310 # Pottenger.
1311 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
1312 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
1313 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
1314 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1315 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1316 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1317 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1318 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1319 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
1320 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1321 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1322 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1323 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1324 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1325 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1326
1327 # From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):
1328 # We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the
1329 # changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.
1330 # The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings
1331 # Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time
1332 # now occurs at 2:00AM.
1333 # ...
1334 # http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm
1335 # ...
1336 # MICHAEL PELLEY | Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery
1337 # Office of the Chief Information Officer
1338 # Executive Council
1339 # Government of Newfoundland & Labrador
1340
1341 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1342 Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1343 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
1344 Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1345 Rule StJohns 2007 2011 - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
1346 Rule StJohns 2007 2010 - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
1347 #
1348 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1349 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1350 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
1351 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
1352 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1353 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
1354 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1355 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1356 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 2011 Nov
1357 -3:30 Canada N%sT
1358
1359 # most of east Labrador
1360
1361 # The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
1362 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1363 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1364 -3:30:52 - NST 1918
1365 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1366 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
1367 -3:30 - NST 1936
1368 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1369 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1370 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
1371 -4:00 StJohns A%sT 2011 Nov
1372 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1373
1374
1375 # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1376
1377 # From Brian Inglis (2015-07-20):
1378 # From the historical weather station records available at:
1379 # https://weatherspark.com/history/28351/1971/Sydney-Nova-Scotia-Canada
1380 # Sydney shares the same time history as Glace Bay, so was
1381 # likely to be the same across the island....
1382 # Sydney, as the capital and most populous location, or Cape Breton, would
1383 # have been better names for the zone had we known this in 1996.
1384
1385 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-20):
1386 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1387 # Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1388 # the Cape Breton area, represented by Glace Bay, is the largest we know of
1389 # (Glace Bay was perhaps not the best name choice but no point changing now).
1390 # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1391 # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1392 # this is a typo.
1393
1394 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1395 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1396 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1397 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
1398 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
1399 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
1400 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1401 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1402 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1403 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
1404 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1405 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
1406 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
1407 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1408 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1409 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1410 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1411 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
1412 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1413 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1414 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1415 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1416 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1417 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1418 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
1419 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1420 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
1421 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1422 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1423 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1424 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1425 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1426 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
1427 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1428 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1429 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1430 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1431 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1432 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1433 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1434 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1435 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1436 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1437 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1438 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
1439 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
1440 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1441 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1442 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1443 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1444 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1445 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
1446 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
1447 -4:00 - AST 1972
1448 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1449 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1450
1451 # New Brunswick
1452
1453 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1454 # The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1455 # says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1456 # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1457 # clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1458 # For now, assume it started in 1993.
1459
1460 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1461 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
1462 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
1463 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
1464 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
1465 Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
1466 Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
1467 Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
1468 Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
1469 Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1470 Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1471 Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1472 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1473 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1474 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1475 Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
1476 -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
1477 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
1478 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
1479 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1480 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
1481 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
1482 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007
1483 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1484
1485 # Quebec
1486
1487 # From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24):
1488 # See America/Toronto for most of Quebec, including Montreal.
1489 #
1490 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1491 # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1492 # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1493 # The Quebec department of justice writes in
1494 # "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord"
1495 # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm
1496 # that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
1497 # observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
1498 # https://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
1499 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1500 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1501 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1502
1503 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1504 Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
1505 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
1506 -4:00 - AST
1507
1508 # Ontario
1509
1510 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1511 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1512 # Toronto.
1513 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1514 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1515 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1516 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1517
1518 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1519 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1520 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1521 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1522 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1523 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1524 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1525 # only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1526 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1527 # earlier in June).
1528 #
1529 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1530 #
1531 # From Paul Eggert (2017-07-08):
1532 # For more on Orillia, see: Daubs K. Bold attempt at daylight saving
1533 # time became a comic failure in Orillia. Toronto Star 2017-07-08.
1534 # https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2017/07/08/bold-attempt-at-daylight-saving-time-became-a-comic-failure-in-orillia.html
1535
1536 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1537 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1538 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1539 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1540 # He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1541 # http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html
1542 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1543 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1544 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1545 #
1546 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1547 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1548 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1549 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1550 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1551 #
1552 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1553 # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1554 # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1555 #
1556 # The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1557 # This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1558 # the other half on eastern time.
1559 #
1560 # For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1561 #
1562 # "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1563 # Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1564 # said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
1565 #
1566 # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1567 # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1568
1569 # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1570 # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1571 # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1572 # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1573 # time keeping since 1952, at least.
1574
1575 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1576 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1577 # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1578 # McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
1579 # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1580 # ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1581 # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1582 # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1583
1584 # From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1585 #
1586 # Currently the database has:
1587 #
1588 # # Ontario
1589 #
1590 # # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1591 # # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1592 # # Toronto.
1593 # # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1594 # # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1595 # # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1596 #
1597 # In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1598 # right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1599 # time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1600 #
1601 # The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1602 # except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1603 #
1604 # Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.
1605 #
1606 # I only came across this incidentally. I don't know if Windsor began
1607 # observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.
1608 #
1609 # By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1610 #
1611 # Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1612 # three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1613
1614 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1615 #
1616 # "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1617 # The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1618 # volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1619 # was available at
1620 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1621 #
1622 # It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1623 #
1624 # A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1625 # require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1626 # the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1627 # and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1628 # ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1629 # for the other provinces only approximate:
1630 #
1631 # Province Daylight saving time used
1632 # Prince Edward Island Not used.
1633 # Nova Scotia In Halifax only.
1634 # New Brunswick In St. John only.
1635 # Quebec In the following places:
1636 # Montreal Lachine
1637 # Quebec Mont-Royal
1638 # Lévis Iberville
1639 # St. Lambert Cap de la Madelèine
1640 # Verdun Loretteville
1641 # Westmount Richmond
1642 # Outremont St. Jérôme
1643 # Longueuil Greenfield Park
1644 # Arvida Waterloo
1645 # Chambly-Canton Beaulieu
1646 # Melbourne La Tuque
1647 # St. Théophile Buckingham
1648 # Ontario Used generally in the cities and towns along
1649 # the southerly part of the province. Not
1650 # used in the northwesterly part.
1651 # Manitoba Not used.
1652 # Saskatchewan In Regina only.
1653 # Alberta Not used.
1654 # British Columbia Not used.
1655 #
1656 # With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1657 # to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1658
1659 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1660 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1661 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1662 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1663 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1664 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1665 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1666 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1667 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1668 # was meant.
1669 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1670 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1671 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1672 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1673 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1674 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1675 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1676 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1677 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1678 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1679 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1680 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1681 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1682 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1683 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1684 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1685 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1686 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1687 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1688 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1689 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1690 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1691 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1692 # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1693 # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1694 # is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1695 # Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1696 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1697
1698 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1699 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1700 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1701 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1702 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1703
1704 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1705 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1706 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1707 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1708 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1709 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1710 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1711 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1712 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1713 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1714 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1715
1716 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1717 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1718 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1719 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1720 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1721 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1722 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1723 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1724 -6:00 - CST 1910
1725 -5:00 - EST 1942
1726 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1727 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1973
1728 -5:00 - EST 1974
1729 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1730 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1731 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1732 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1733 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1734 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895
1735 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1736 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1737 -6:00 Canada C%sT
1738 Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
1739 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1740 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1741 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
1742 -5:00 - EST
1743
1744
1745 # Manitoba
1746
1747 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1748 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1749 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1750 # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1751 # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1752 # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1753 # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1754 # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had
1755 # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1756 # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1757 # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1758 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1759 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1760
1761 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1762 # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1763 # starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1764 # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1765
1766 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1767 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1768 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1769 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1770 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1771 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1772 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1773 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1774 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1775 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1776 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1777 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1778 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1779 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1780 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1781 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1782 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1783 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1784 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1785 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1786 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1787 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1788 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
1789 Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1790 Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
1791 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1792 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1793 -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
1794 -6:00 Canada C%sT
1795
1796
1797 # Saskatchewan
1798
1799 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1800 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1801 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1802 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1803 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1804 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1805 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1806 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1807 # time was noted.
1808
1809 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1810 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1811 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1812
1813 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1814 # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1815 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1816 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1817 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1818 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1819
1820 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1821 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1822 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1823 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1824 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1825 #
1826 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1827 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1828 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1829 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1830 #
1831 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1832 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1833 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1834 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1835 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1836 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1837 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1838 #
1839 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1840 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1841 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1842 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1843 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1844 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1845
1846 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1847 # The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1848 # long and rather painful to read.
1849 # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1850
1851 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1852 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1853 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1854 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1855 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1856 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1857 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1858 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1859 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1860 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1861 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1862 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1863 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1864 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1865 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1866 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1867 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1868 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1869 #
1870 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1871 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1872 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1873 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1874 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1875 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1876 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1877 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1878 -6:00 - CST
1879 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1880 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1881 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1882 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1883 -6:00 - CST
1884
1885
1886 # Alberta
1887
1888 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1889 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1890 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1891 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1892 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1893 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1894 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1895 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1896 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1897 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1898 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1899 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1900 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1901 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1902 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1903 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1904 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1905 Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1906 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1907 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1908 -7:00 Edm M%sT 1987
1909 -7:00 Canada M%sT
1910
1911
1912 # British Columbia
1913
1914 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1915 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1916 # been like Vancouver.
1917 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1918 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1919
1920 # It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct:
1921
1922 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):
1923 # There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia
1924 # that do not currently observe daylight saving:
1925 # a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)
1926 # b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District
1927 # (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)
1928
1929 # Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time
1930 # keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the
1931 # manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
1932 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1933 # According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
1934 # i.e. Creston has been stuck on UT-7 for 93 years.
1935 # Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
1936
1937 # Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
1938 # unknown and will be difficult to ascertain. I e-mailed Tammy a few months
1939 # ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess. She said it was just
1940 # as plausible as any other date (in June). She also said that after writing
1941 # the article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the
1942 # subject of another article which she wrote in October 2010.
1943 # http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56
1944
1945 # Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:
1946 # 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)
1947 # Exact date unknown
1948 # 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
1949 # Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.
1950 # 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)
1951 # Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.
1952 # note 1:
1953 # On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,
1954 # Creston did not change its clocks.
1955 # note 2:
1956 # During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,
1957 # Creston did not oblige.
1958 # note 3:
1959 # There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time
1960 # (UTC-7) forever.
1961 # The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.
1962 # http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html
1963
1964 # During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.
1965 # In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying
1966 # summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before
1967 # the change. It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this
1968 # period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough
1969 # (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.
1970
1971 # The transition dates (and times) are guesses.
1972
1973 # From Matt Johnson (2015-09-21):
1974 # Fort Nelson, BC, Canada will cancel DST this year. So while previously they
1975 # were aligned with America/Vancouver, they're now aligned with
1976 # America/Dawson_Creek.
1977 # http://www.northernrockies.ca/EN/meta/news/archives/2015/northern-rockies-time-change.html
1978 #
1979 # From Tim Parenti (2015-09-23):
1980 # This requires a new zone for the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality,
1981 # America/Fort_Nelson. The resolution of 2014-12-08 was reached following a
1982 # 2014-11-15 poll with nearly 75% support. Effectively, the municipality has
1983 # been on MST (-0700) like Dawson Creek since it advanced its clocks on
1984 # 2015-03-08.
1985 #
1986 # From Paul Eggert (2015-09-23):
1987 # Shanks says Fort Nelson did not observe DST in 1946, unlike Vancouver.
1988
1989 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1990 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1991 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1992 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1993 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1994 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1995 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1996 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1997 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1998 Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1999 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2000 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
2001 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
2002 -8:00 Canada P%sT
2003 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
2004 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
2005 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
2006 -7:00 - MST
2007 Zone America/Fort_Nelson -8:10:47 - LMT 1884
2008 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1946
2009 -8:00 - PST 1947
2010 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
2011 -8:00 Canada P%sT 2015 Mar 8 2:00
2012 -7:00 - MST
2013 Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884
2014 -7:00 - MST 1916 Oct 1
2015 -8:00 - PST 1918 Jun 2
2016 -7:00 - MST
2017
2018 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
2019
2020 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2021 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
2022 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
2023 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
2024 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9....
2025 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
2026 # [https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/rsc-1985-c-i-21/latest/rsc-1985-c-i-21.html]
2027 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
2028 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
2029 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
2030
2031 # From Brian Inglis (2015-04-14):
2032 #
2033 # I tried to trace the history of Yukon time and found the following
2034 # regulations, giving the reference title and URL if found, regulation name,
2035 # and relevant quote if available. Each regulation specifically revokes its
2036 # predecessor. The final reference is to the current Interpretation Act
2037 # authorizing and resulting from these regulatory changes.
2038 #
2039 # Only recent regulations were retrievable via Yukon government site search or
2040 # index, and only some via Canadian legal sources. Other sources used include
2041 # articles titled "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" from JRASC via ADS
2042 # Abstracts, cited by ADO for 1932 ..., and updated versions from 1958 and
2043 # 1970 quoted below; each article includes current extracts from provincial
2044 # and territorial ST and DST regulations at the end, summaries and details of
2045 # standard times and daylight saving time at many locations across Canada,
2046 # with time zone maps, tables and calculations for Canadian Sunrise, Sunset,
2047 # and LMST; they also cover many countries and global locations, with a chart
2048 # and table showing current Universal Time offsets, and may be useful as
2049 # another source of information for 1970 and earlier.
2050 #
2051 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; JRASC, Vol. 26,
2052 # pp.49-77; February 1932; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2053 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1932JRASC..26...49S from p.75:
2054 # Yukon Interpretation Ordinance
2055 # Yukon standard time is the local mean time at the one hundred and
2056 # thirty-fifth meridian.
2057 #
2058 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; Thomson, Malcolm M.;
2059 # JRASC, Vol. 52, pp.193-223; October 1958; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System
2060 # (ADS) http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1958JRASC..52..193S from pp.220-1:
2061 # Yukon Interpretation Ordinance, 1955, Chap. 16.
2062 #
2063 # (1) Subject to this section, standard time shall be reckoned as nine
2064 # hours behind Greenwich Time and called Yukon Standard Time.
2065 #
2066 # (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), the Commissioner may make regulations
2067 # varying the manner of reckoning standard time.
2068 #
2069 # * Yukon Territory Commissioner's Order 1966-20 Interpretation Ordinance
2070 # http://? - no online source found
2071 #
2072 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Thomson, Malcolm M.; JRASC,
2073 # Vol. 64, pp.129-162; June 1970; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2074 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970JRASC..64..129T from p.156: Yukon
2075 # Territory Commissioner's Order 1967-59 Interpretation Ordinance ...
2076 #
2077 # 1. Commissioner's Order 1966-20 dated at Whitehorse in the Yukon
2078 # Territory on 27th January, 1966, is hereby revoked.
2079 #
2080 # 2. Yukon (East) Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the
2081 # Interpretation Ordinance from and after mid-night on the 28th day of May,
2082 # 1967 shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that
2083 # is to say, eight hours behind Greenwich Time in the area of the Yukon
2084 # Territory lying east of the 138th degree longitude west.
2085 #
2086 # 3. In the remainder of the Territory, lying west of the 138th degree
2087 # longitude west, Yukon (West) Standard Time shall be reckoned as nine
2088 # hours behind Greenwich Time.
2089 #
2090 # * Yukon Standard Time defined as Pacific Standard Time, YCO 1973/214
2091 # https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yco-1973-214/latest/yco-1973-214.html
2092 # C.O. 1973/214 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2093 #
2094 # 1. Effective October 28, 1973 Commissioner's Order 1967/59 is hereby
2095 # revoked.
2096 #
2097 # 2. Yukon Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the Interpretation
2098 # Act from and after midnight on the twenty-eighth day of October, 1973
2099 # shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that is
2100 # to say eight hours behind Greenwich Time.
2101 #
2102 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 INTERPRETATION ACT
2103 # http://? - no online source found
2104 #
2105 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time, YOIC 1987/56
2106 # https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-1987-56/latest/yoic-1987-56.html
2107 # O.I.C. 1987/056 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2108 #
2109 # In every year between
2110 # (a) two o'clock in the morning in the first Sunday in April, and
2111 # (b) two o'clock in the morning in the last Sunday in October,
2112 # Standard Time shall be reckoned as seven hours behind Greenwich Time and
2113 # called Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2114 # ...
2115 # Dated ... 9th day of March, A.D., 1987.
2116 #
2117 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time 2006, YOIC 2006/127
2118 # https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-2006-127/latest/yoic-2006-127.html
2119 # O.I.C. 2006/127 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2120 #
2121 # 1. In Yukon each year the time for general purposes shall be 7 hours
2122 # behind Greenwich mean time during the period commencing at two o'clock
2123 # in the forenoon on the second Sunday of March and ending at two o'clock
2124 # in the forenoon on the first Sunday of November and shall be called
2125 # Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2126 #
2127 # 2. Order-in-Council 1987/56 is revoked.
2128 #
2129 # 3. This order comes into force January 1, 2007.
2130 #
2131 # * Interpretation Act, RSY 2002, c 125
2132 # https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/stat/rsy-2002-c-125/latest/rsy-2002-c-125.html
2133
2134 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
2135 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
2136 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
2137 # http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html
2138 #
2139 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
2140 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
2141 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
2142
2143 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
2144 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
2145 # http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html
2146 # (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
2147 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
2148 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
2149
2150 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
2151 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
2152 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
2153 #
2154 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
2155 #
2156 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
2157 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
2158 #
2159 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
2160 #
2161 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
2162 #
2163 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
2164 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
2165 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
2166 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
2167 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
2168 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
2169 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
2170 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
2171 # the current state of affairs.
2172
2173 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
2174 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19):
2175 # http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html
2176 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
2177 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
2178 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
2179 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
2180
2181 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
2182 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
2183 # for these potential new Zones.
2184 #
2185 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
2186 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
2187 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
2188 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
2189 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
2190 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
2191 # required to use daylight savings.
2192
2193 # From <http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
2194 # Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):
2195 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
2196 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
2197 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
2198 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
2199 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
2200 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
2201 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
2202 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
2203 # unified time zone in 1999.
2204 #
2205 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
2206 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
2207
2208 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2209 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
2210
2211 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
2212 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
2213 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
2214 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
2215 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
2216 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
2217 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
2218 # more.
2219 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
2220
2221 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
2222 # According to ...
2223 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
2224 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
2225 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
2226 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
2227 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
2228 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
2229 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
2230 #
2231 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-17):
2232 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
2233 # daylight saving only during wartime. Gwillim Law's email also
2234 # mentioned maps now maintained by National Research Council Canada;
2235 # see above for an up-to-date link.
2236
2237 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
2238 # ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
2239 # Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
2240 # Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
2241 # daylight saving....
2242 # http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
2243
2244 # From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):
2245 # Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute
2246 # Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of
2247 # the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had
2248 # decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.
2249 #
2250 # According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay
2251 # went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...
2252 #
2253 # On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March
2254 # 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I
2255 # talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able
2256 # to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was
2257 # explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone
2258 # (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).
2259 # i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks
2260 # had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in
2261 # so they could follow the correct TV schedule...
2262 #
2263 # On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I
2264 # phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature
2265 # of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of
2266 # information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of
2267 # Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for
2268 # Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived
2269 # and worked in Resolute Bay...
2270 #
2271 # On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that
2272 # Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of
2273 # 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead
2274 # on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay
2275 # had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not
2276 # tell me when the practice had stopped.
2277 #
2278 # On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of
2279 # somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went
2280 # off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz
2281 # used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the
2282 # businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on
2283 # Aziz:
2284 # http://www.uphere.ca/node/493
2285 #
2286 # I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using
2287 # Eastern Standard Time.
2288 #
2289 # Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the
2290 # 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way
2291 # of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in
2292 # the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"
2293 #
2294 # This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.
2295 #
2296 # I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz
2297 # responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You
2298 # may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a
2299 # search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"
2300 #
2301 # If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would
2302 # never have contacted her. I now believe that all the information I
2303 # obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...
2304 # I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.
2305
2306 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2307 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
2308 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
2309 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
2310 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
2311 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
2312 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
2313 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2314 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
2315 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2316 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2317 Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2318 Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2319 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2320 # aka Panniqtuuq
2321 Zone America/Pangnirtung 0 - -00 1921 # trading post est.
2322 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
2323 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2324 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2325 -5:00 Canada E%sT
2326 # formerly Frobisher Bay
2327 Zone America/Iqaluit 0 - -00 1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
2328 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2329 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2330 -5:00 Canada E%sT
2331 # aka Qausuittuq
2332 Zone America/Resolute 0 - -00 1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
2333 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2334 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2335 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2006 Oct 29 2:00
2336 -5:00 - EST 2007 Mar 11 3:00
2337 -6:00 Canada C%sT
2338 # aka Kangiqiniq
2339 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0 - -00 1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
2340 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2341 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2342 -6:00 Canada C%sT
2343 # aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
2344 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0 - -00 1920 # trading post est.?
2345 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2346 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2347 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
2348 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2349 -7:00 Canada M%sT
2350 Zone America/Yellowknife 0 - -00 1935 # Yellowknife founded?
2351 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2352 -7:00 Canada M%sT
2353 Zone America/Inuvik 0 - -00 1953 # Inuvik founded
2354 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
2355 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2356 -7:00 Canada M%sT
2357 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2358 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1967 May 28 0:00
2359 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2360 -8:00 Canada P%sT
2361 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2362 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
2363 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2364 -8:00 Canada P%sT
2365
2366
2367 ###############################################################################
2368
2369 # Mexico
2370
2371 # From Paul Eggert (2014-12-07):
2372 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
2373 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
2374 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
2375 # http://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/index.htm
2376 #
2377 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
2378 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
2379 # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
2380 # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
2381 # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
2382 # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
2383
2384 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
2385 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
2386 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
2387 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
2388 # the relevant documents.
2389
2390 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
2391 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
2392 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
2393 #
2394 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
2395 #
2396 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
2397 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
2398 #
2399 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
2400 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
2401 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
2402 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
2403 #
2404 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
2405 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
2406 # BajaNorte: GMT+7
2407 # BajaSur: GMT+6
2408 # General: GMT+5
2409 #
2410 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
2411 # BajaNorte: GMT+8
2412 # BajaSur: GMT+7
2413 # General: GMT+6
2414 #
2415 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
2416 #
2417 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
2418 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
2419 # For an English translation of the decree, see
2420 # "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).
2421 # http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html
2422
2423 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2424 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2425 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2426
2427 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2428 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2429 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2430 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2431 # Arizona year round.
2432
2433 # From Jesper Nørgaard, translating
2434 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2435 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2436 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2437 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2438 # whole year.
2439
2440 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2441 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2442 # (translated):...
2443 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2444 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2445 # this year....
2446 # http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001
2447 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2448 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2449
2450 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2451 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2452 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2453 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2454 # ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2455 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2456 # the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish
2457 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2458
2459 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
2460 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre
2461 # (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2462 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03).
2463
2464 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2465 #
2466 # http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html
2467 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2468 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2469 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that
2470 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2471 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2472 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2473 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2474 #
2475 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2476
2477 # From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01):
2478 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2479 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2480 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2481 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2482 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2483 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2484 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2485 # September 30, 2001.
2486 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2487 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2488
2489 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2490 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2491 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2492 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2493 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2494 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2495 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2496 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2497
2498 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2499 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2500 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2501 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2502 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2503
2504 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2505 #
2506 # Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2507 # > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2508 # > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2509 # > the United States.
2510 # Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2511 # 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2512 # http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2513 # http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2514 # (Spanish)
2515 #
2516 # Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2517 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2518 # (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2519 #
2520 # There is also a list of the votes here:
2521 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2522 #
2523 # Our page:
2524 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2525
2526 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2527 # The page
2528 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2529 # includes this text:
2530 # En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2531 # Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2532 # Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2533 # Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
2534 # desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2535 # horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2536 # En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2537 # fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2538 # internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2539 # kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2540 # interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2541 # efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2542 # las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2543
2544 # From Steffen Thorsen (2014-12-08), translated by Gwillim Law:
2545 # The Mexican state of Quintana Roo will likely change to EST in 2015.
2546 #
2547 # http://www.unioncancun.mx/articulo/2014/12/04/medio-ambiente/congreso-aprueba-una-hora-mas-de-sol-en-qroo
2548 # "With this change, the time conflict that has existed between the municipios
2549 # of Quintana Roo and the municipio of Felipe Carrillo Puerto may come to an
2550 # end. The latter declared itself in rebellion 15 years ago when a time change
2551 # was initiated in Mexico, and since then it has refused to change its time
2552 # zone along with the rest of the country."
2553 #
2554 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-01-14), translated by Gwillim Law:
2555 # http://sipse.com/novedades/confirman-aplicacion-de-nueva-zona-horaria-para-quintana-roo-132331.html
2556 # "...the new time zone will come into effect at two o'clock on the first Sunday
2557 # of February, when we will have to advance the clock one hour from its current
2558 # time..."
2559 # Also, the new zone will not use DST.
2560 #
2561 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2015-02-02):
2562 # The decree that modifies the Mexican Hour System Law has finally
2563 # been published at the Diario Oficial de la Federación
2564 # http://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5380123&fecha=31/01/2015
2565 # It establishes 5 zones for Mexico:
2566 # 1- Zona Centro (Central Zone): Corresponds to longitude 90 W,
2567 # includes most of Mexico, excluding what's mentioned below.
2568 # 2- Zona Pacífico (Pacific Zone): Longitude 105 W, includes the
2569 # states of Baja California Sur; Chihuahua; Nayarit (excluding Bahía
2570 # de Banderas which lies in Central Zone); Sinaloa and Sonora.
2571 # 3- Zona Noroeste (Northwest Zone): Longitude 120 W, includes the
2572 # state of Baja California.
2573 # 4- Zona Sureste (Southeast Zone): Longitude 75 W, includes the state
2574 # of Quintana Roo.
2575 # 5- The islands, reefs and keys shall take their timezone from the
2576 # longitude they are located at.
2577
2578 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2579 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
2580 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
2581 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
2582 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
2583 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
2584 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
2585 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
2586 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
2587 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2588 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2589 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2590 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
2591 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2592 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2593 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2594 # Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún
2595 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
2596 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2597 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
2598 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2015 Feb 1 2:00
2599 -5:00 - EST
2600 # Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida
2601 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
2602 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2603 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
2604 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2605 # Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2606 # This includes the following municipalities:
2607 # in Coahuila: Ocampo, Acuña, Zaragoza, Jiménez, Piedras Negras, Nava,
2608 # Guerrero, Hidalgo.
2609 # in Nuevo León: Anáhuac, Los Aldama.
2610 # in Tamaulipas: Nuevo Laredo, Guerrero, Mier, Miguel Alemán, Camargo,
2611 # Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Reynosa, Río Bravo, Valle Hermoso, Matamoros.
2612 # See: Inicia mañana Horario de Verano en zona fronteriza, El Universal,
2613 # 2016-03-12
2614 # http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/estados/2016/03/12/inicia-manana-horario-de-verano-en-zona-fronteriza
2615 Zone America/Matamoros -6:40:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:20:00
2616 -6:00 - CST 1988
2617 -6:00 US C%sT 1989
2618 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2010
2619 -6:00 US C%sT
2620 # Durango; Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2621 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
2622 -6:00 - CST 1988
2623 -6:00 US C%sT 1989
2624 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2625 # Central Mexico
2626 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
2627 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2628 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2629 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2630 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2631 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2632 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 2:00
2633 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
2634 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2635 # Chihuahua (near US border)
2636 # This includes the municipalities of Janos, Ascensión, Juárez, Guadalupe,
2637 # Práxedis G Guerrero, Coyame del Sotol, Ojinaga, and Manuel Benavides.
2638 # (See the 2016-03-12 El Universal source mentioned above.)
2639 Zone America/Ojinaga -6:57:40 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:02:20
2640 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2641 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2642 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2643 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2644 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2645 -6:00 - CST 1996
2646 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2647 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2648 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010
2649 -7:00 US M%sT
2650 # Chihuahua (away from US border)
2651 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
2652 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2653 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2654 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2655 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2656 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2657 -6:00 - CST 1996
2658 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2659 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2660 -7:00 Mexico M%sT
2661 # Sonora
2662 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
2663 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2664 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2665 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2666 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2667 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2668 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2669 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2670 -8:00 - PST 1970
2671 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
2672 -7:00 - MST
2673
2674 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2675 # According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2676 # changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2677 # share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2678 #
2679 # (Spanish)
2680 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2681 # país, a partir de este domingo
2682 # http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2683 #
2684 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2685 # País
2686 # http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50
2687 #
2688 # (English)
2689 # Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2690 # http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2691 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2692 #
2693 # "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2694 # will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2695 # zone ..."
2696 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2697
2698 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2699 # Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2700
2701 # Mazatlán
2702 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
2703 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2704 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2705 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2706 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2707 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2708 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2709 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2710 -8:00 - PST 1970
2711 -7:00 Mexico M%sT
2712
2713 # Bahía de Banderas
2714 Zone America/Bahia_Banderas -7:01:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:59:00
2715 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2716 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2717 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2718 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2719 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2720 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2721 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2722 -8:00 - PST 1970
2723 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010 Apr 4 2:00
2724 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2725
2726 # Baja California
2727 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
2728 -7:00 - MST 1924
2729 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2730 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
2731 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
2732 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
2733 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
2734 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2735 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2736 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
2737 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
2738 -8:00 - PST 1954
2739 -8:00 CA P%sT 1961
2740 -8:00 - PST 1976
2741 -8:00 US P%sT 1996
2742 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
2743 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
2744 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2010
2745 -8:00 US P%sT
2746 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2747 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2748 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2749 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
2750 # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
2751 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and
2752 # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2753 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
2754 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2755 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2756 # name or contents should be.
2757 #
2758 # From Paul Eggert (2015-10-08):
2759 # Formerly there was an America/Santa_Isabel zone, but this appears to
2760 # have come from a misreading of
2761 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2762 # It has been moved to the 'backward' file.
2763 #
2764 #
2765 # Revillagigedo Is
2766 # no information
2767
2768 ###############################################################################
2769
2770 # Anguilla
2771 # Antigua and Barbuda
2772 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2773
2774 # Bahamas
2775 #
2776 # For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
2777 #
2778 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2779 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2780 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2781 # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2782
2783 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2784 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2785 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2786 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2787 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:30 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2788 -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
2789 -5:00 US E%sT
2790
2791 # Barbados
2792
2793 # For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
2794
2795 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2796 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
2797 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2798 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
2799 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2800 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
2801 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2802 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:29 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
2803 -3:58:29 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2804 -4:00 Barb A%sT
2805
2806 # Belize
2807 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2808 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2809 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 -0530
2810 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 CST
2811 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 CDT
2812 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 CST
2813 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 CDT
2814 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 CST
2815 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2816 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
2817 -6:00 Belize %s
2818
2819 # Bermuda
2820
2821 # For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
2822 # Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that.
2823
2824 # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2825
2826 # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2827 # in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone
2828 # (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2829 # Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2830 # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2831
2832 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2833 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:18 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
2834 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2835 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1976
2836 -4:00 US A%sT
2837
2838 # Cayman Is
2839 # See America/Panama.
2840
2841 # Costa Rica
2842
2843 # Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest.
2844
2845 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2846 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2847 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2848 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2849 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2850 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2851 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
2852 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
2853 # There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
2854 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2855 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José
2856 -5:36:13 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
2857 -6:00 CR C%sT
2858 # Coco
2859 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2860
2861 # Cuba
2862
2863 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2864 # Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
2865 # for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
2866 # For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
2867
2868 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2869 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2870 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2871 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2872 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2873 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2874 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2875 # sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2876 # to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have
2877 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2878
2879 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):
2880 # DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the
2881 # years before. The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...
2882 # https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html
2883
2884 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2885 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2886 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2887 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2888 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2889 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2890 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2891 # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2892
2893 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2894 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2895 # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
2896 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2897
2898 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2899 # An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2900 # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2901 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2902 # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2903 # watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning
2904 # to the normal schedule....
2905
2906 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
2907 # <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday,
2908 # says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
2909 # For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
2910 # except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
2911 #
2912 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
2913 # Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
2914 # earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
2915 #
2916 # He supplied these references:
2917 #
2918 # http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
2919 # http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
2920 #
2921 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25):
2922 # Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
2923 #
2924 # Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre
2925 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
2926 #
2927 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
2928
2929 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
2930 # I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
2931 # Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
2932 # http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
2933 # a Cuban information station, and heard
2934 # the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
2935 # indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
2936
2937 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
2938 # It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
2939 # It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
2940 # http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
2941 #
2942 # Some more background information is posted here:
2943 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
2944 #
2945 # The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
2946 # while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
2947 # 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
2948 # observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
2949 # which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
2950 # change some historic records as well.
2951 #
2952 # One example:
2953 # http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
2954
2955 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
2956 # The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
2957 # web site, the Granma. Please check out
2958 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
2959 #
2960 # Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change
2961 # will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
2962
2963 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
2964 # Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
2965
2966 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
2967 # According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
2968 # midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
2969 # not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
2970 #
2971 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
2972 # (in Spanish)
2973
2974 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
2975 # I listened over the Internet to
2976 # http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
2977 # this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
2978 # the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating
2979 # that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
2980
2981 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):
2982 # Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00
2983 # this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has
2984 # changed at all).
2985 #
2986 # Source:
2987 # http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
2988 #
2989 # Our info:
2990 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
2991 #
2992 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
2993 # Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
2994 # tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.
2995 #
2996 # One source (Spanish)
2997 # http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
2998 #
2999 # Our page:
3000 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
3001 #
3002 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
3003 # According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
3004 # 31 and April 1.
3005 #
3006 # Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):
3007 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
3008 #
3009 # Our info on it:
3010 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
3011
3012 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
3013 # Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
3014 # to standard time on 2012-11-04:
3015 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre
3016 # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):
3017 # For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.
3018
3019 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3020 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
3021 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
3022 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3023 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3024 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3025 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3026 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
3027 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
3028 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
3029 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
3030 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
3031 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
3032 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
3033 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
3034 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3035 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
3036 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3037 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
3038 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
3039 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
3040 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
3041 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
3042 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3043 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
3044 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
3045 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
3046 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
3047 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
3048 Rule Cuba 2000 2003 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
3049 Rule Cuba 2004 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
3050 Rule Cuba 2006 2010 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
3051 Rule Cuba 2007 only - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
3052 Rule Cuba 2008 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
3053 Rule Cuba 2009 2010 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
3054 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
3055 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Nov 13 0:00s 0 S
3056 Rule Cuba 2012 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 D
3057 Rule Cuba 2012 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:00s 0 S
3058 Rule Cuba 2013 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
3059
3060 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3061 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
3062 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
3063 -5:00 Cuba C%sT
3064
3065 # Dominica
3066 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3067
3068 # Dominican Republic
3069
3070 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
3071 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
3072 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
3073 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
3074
3075 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
3076 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
3077
3078 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
3079 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
3080 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
3081 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
3082 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
3083 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
3084 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
3085 # decided to revert.
3086
3087
3088 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3089 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 EDT
3090 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 EST
3091 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 -0430
3092 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 EST
3093 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 EST
3094 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 EST
3095 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3096 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
3097 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
3098 -5:00 DR %s 1974 Oct 27
3099 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 2:00
3100 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 1:00
3101 -4:00 - AST
3102
3103 # El Salvador
3104
3105 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3106 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3107 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
3108 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
3109 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
3110 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3111 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
3112 -6:00 Salv C%sT
3113
3114 # Grenada
3115 # Guadeloupe
3116 # St Barthélemy
3117 # St Martin (French part)
3118 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3119
3120 # Guatemala
3121 #
3122 # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
3123 # Diario Co Latino, at
3124 # <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>,
3125 # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
3126 # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
3127 # impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
3128 # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
3129 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
3130 # The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
3131 # (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See
3132 # http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf
3133
3134 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3135 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
3136 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
3137 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
3138 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
3139 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
3140 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
3141 Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
3142 Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
3143 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3144 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
3145 -6:00 Guat C%sT
3146
3147 # Haiti
3148 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
3149 # Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
3150 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release
3151 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
3152 # <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>. Translated from French, it says:
3153 #
3154 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
3155 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
3156 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
3157 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
3158 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
3159 #
3160 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
3161 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
3162 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
3163 # October 2005.
3164 #
3165 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
3166 #
3167 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
3168 # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
3169 # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
3170 # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
3171 # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
3172 #
3173 # I have found this article about it (in French):
3174 # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
3175 #
3176 # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
3177
3178 # From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
3179 # Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
3180
3181 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):
3182 # According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,
3183 # apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
3184 # So this means they have already changed their time.
3185 #
3186 # http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
3187 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
3188 #
3189 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
3190 # The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
3191 # 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
3192 # Assume a US-style fall back as well.
3193
3194 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
3195 # It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
3196 # as US/Canada. They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
3197 # are going to observe DST every year now...
3198 #
3199 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
3200 # http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
3201
3202 # From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-12):
3203 # Jean Antoine, editor of www.haiti-reference.com informed us that Haiti
3204 # are not going on DST this year. Several other resources confirm this: ...
3205 # https://www.radiotelevisioncaraibes.com/presse/heure_d_t_pas_de_changement_d_heure_pr_vu_pour_cet_ann_e.html
3206 # https://www.vantbefinfo.com/changement-dheure-pas-pour-haiti/
3207 # http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-lheure-nationale-ne-sera-ni-avancee-ni-reculee-cette-annee/
3208
3209 # From Steffen Thorsen (2017-03-12):
3210 # We have received 4 mails from different people telling that Haiti
3211 # has started DST again today, and this source seems to confirm that,
3212 # I have not been able to find a more authoritative source:
3213 # https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-20319-haiti-notices-time-change-in-haiti.html
3214
3215 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3216 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
3217 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
3218 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3219 # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
3220 # Go with IATA.
3221 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
3222 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
3223 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3224 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3225 Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
3226 Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
3227 Rule Haiti 2017 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
3228 Rule Haiti 2017 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
3229 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3230 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
3231 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
3232 -5:00 Haiti E%sT
3233
3234 # Honduras
3235 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
3236
3237 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
3238 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
3239 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
3240 # months until September. La Tribuna reported today
3241 # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
3242 # of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
3243
3244 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
3245 # It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
3246 # 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
3247 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
3248
3249 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
3250 # Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08).
3251 # http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12
3252 # It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
3253
3254 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
3255 # Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
3256 # published, I have located this authoritative source:
3257 # http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
3258
3259 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
3260 # http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
3261 # So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
3262
3263 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3264 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3265 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
3266 Rule Hond 2006 only - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3267 Rule Hond 2006 only - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S
3268 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3269 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
3270 -6:00 Hond C%sT
3271 #
3272 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
3273
3274 # Jamaica
3275 # Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
3276 # unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
3277 # island". Go with Milne. Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
3278 #
3279 # Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but
3280 # Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.
3281 # Assume Neita meant Jan 6 02:00, the same as the US. Neita also writes that
3282 # Manley's supporters associated this act with Manley's nickname "Joshua"
3283 # (recall that in the Bible the sun stood still at Joshua's request),
3284 # and with the Rod of Correction which Manley said he had received from
3285 # Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia. See:
3286 # Neita L. The politician in all of us. Jamaica Observer 2014-09-20
3287 # http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
3288 #
3289 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3290 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:11 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
3291 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3292 -5:00 - EST 1974
3293 -5:00 US E%sT 1984
3294 -5:00 - EST
3295
3296 # Martinique
3297 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3298 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
3299 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
3300 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
3301 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
3302 -4:00 - AST
3303
3304 # Montserrat
3305 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3306
3307 # Nicaragua
3308 #
3309 # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
3310 #
3311 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
3312 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
3313 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
3314 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
3315 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
3316 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
3317 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
3318 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
3319 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
3320 #
3321 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
3322 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
3323 # assume that it is daylight saving....
3324 #
3325 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
3326 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
3327 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
3328 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
3329 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
3330 # during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."...
3331 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
3332 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
3333 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
3334 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
3335 #
3336 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
3337 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
3338 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
3339 # (2005-09-26)
3340 #
3341 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
3342 # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
3343 # (my informal translation)
3344 # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua
3345 # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
3346 # morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September.
3347 #
3348 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
3349 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
3350 # My informal translation runs:
3351 # The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
3352 # time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
3353 #
3354 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3355 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
3356 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
3357 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
3358 Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3359 Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
3360 Rule Nic 2006 only - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
3361 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3362 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
3363 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
3364 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
3365 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
3366 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
3367 -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
3368 -6:00 - CST 1993
3369 -5:00 - EST 1997
3370 -6:00 Nic C%sT
3371
3372 # Panama
3373 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3374 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
3375 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time
3376 -5:00 - EST
3377 Link America/Panama America/Cayman
3378
3379 # Puerto Rico
3380 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
3381 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3382 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
3383 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
3384 -4:00 US A%sT 1946
3385 -4:00 - AST
3386
3387 # St Kitts-Nevis
3388 # St Lucia
3389 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3390
3391 # St Pierre and Miquelon
3392 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
3393 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3394 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
3395 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
3396 -3:00 - -03 1987
3397 -3:00 Canada -03/-02
3398
3399 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
3400 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3401
3402 # Turks and Caicos
3403 #
3404 # From Chris Dunn in
3405 # https://bugs.debian.org/415007
3406 # (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
3407 # daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
3408 # the recent U.S. change of dates.
3409 #
3410 # From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
3411 # http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
3412 # there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
3413 # rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
3414 # "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
3415 # Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
3416 # indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
3417 #
3418 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-19):
3419 # The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UT -04 year-round. See:
3420 # http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm
3421 # Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST ...
3422 # From Chris Walton (2014-11-04):
3423 # ... the TCI government appears to have delayed the switch to
3424 # "permanent daylight saving time" by one year....
3425 # http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm
3426 #
3427 # From the Turks & Caicos Cabinet (2017-07-20), heads-up from Steffen Thorsen:
3428 # ... agreed to the reintroduction in TCI of Daylight Saving Time (DST)
3429 # during the summer months and Standard Time, also known as Local
3430 # Time, during the winter months with effect from April 2018 ...
3431 # https://www.gov.uk/government/news/turks-and-caicos-post-cabinet-meeting-statement--3
3432 #
3433 # From Paul Eggert (2017-08-26):
3434 # The date of effect of the spring 2018 change appears to be March 11,
3435 # which makes more sense. See: Hamilton D. Time change back
3436 # by March 2018 for TCI. Magnetic Media. 2017-08-25.
3437 # http://magneticmediatv.com/2017/08/time-change-back-by-march-2018-for-tci/
3438 #
3439 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3440 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
3441 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3442 -5:00 - EST 1979
3443 -5:00 US E%sT 2015 Nov Sun>=1 2:00
3444 -4:00 - AST 2018 Mar 11 3:00
3445 -5:00 US E%sT
3446
3447 # British Virgin Is
3448 # Virgin Is
3449 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3450
3451
3452 # Local Variables:
3453 # coding: utf-8
3454 # End: