< prev index next >

make/data/tzdata/australasia

Print this page




 202 Rule    AN      1996    2005    -       Mar     lastSun 2:00s   0       S
 203 Rule    AN      2000    only    -       Aug     lastSun 2:00s   1:00    D
 204 Rule    AN      2001    2007    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00s   1:00    D
 205 Rule    AN      2006    only    -       Apr     Sun>=1       2:00s   0       S
 206 Rule    AN      2007    only    -       Mar     lastSun 2:00s   0       S
 207 Rule    AN      2008    max     -       Apr     Sun>=1       2:00s   0       S
 208 Rule    AN      2008    max     -       Oct     Sun>=1       2:00s   1:00    D
 209 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 210 Zone Australia/Sydney   10:04:52 -      LMT     1895 Feb
 211                         10:00   Aus     AE%sT   1971
 212                         10:00   AN      AE%sT
 213 Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 -    LMT     1895 Feb
 214                         10:00   -       AEST    1896 Aug 23
 215                         9:00    -       ACST    1899 May
 216                         9:30    Aus     AC%sT   1971
 217                         9:30    AN      AC%sT   2000
 218                         9:30    AS      AC%sT
 219 
 220 # Lord Howe Island
 221 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 222 Rule    LH      1981    1984    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
 223 Rule    LH      1982    1985    -       Mar     Sun>=1       2:00    0       S
 224 Rule    LH      1985    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0:30    D
 225 Rule    LH      1986    1989    -       Mar     Sun>=15      2:00    0       S
 226 Rule    LH      1986    only    -       Oct     19      2:00    0:30    D
 227 Rule    LH      1987    1999    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0:30    D
 228 Rule    LH      1990    1995    -       Mar     Sun>=1       2:00    0       S
 229 Rule    LH      1996    2005    -       Mar     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 230 Rule    LH      2000    only    -       Aug     lastSun 2:00    0:30    D
 231 Rule    LH      2001    2007    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0:30    D
 232 Rule    LH      2006    only    -       Apr     Sun>=1       2:00    0       S
 233 Rule    LH      2007    only    -       Mar     lastSun 2:00    0       S
 234 Rule    LH      2008    max     -       Apr     Sun>=1       2:00    0       S
 235 Rule    LH      2008    max     -       Oct     Sun>=1       2:00    0:30    D
 236 Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 -     LMT     1895 Feb
 237                         10:00   -       AEST    1981 Mar
 238                         10:30   LH      +1030/+1130 1985 Jul
 239                         10:30   LH      +1030/+11
 240 
 241 # Australian miscellany
 242 #
 243 # Ashmore Is, Cartier
 244 # no indigenous inhabitants; only seasonal caretakers
 245 # no times are set
 246 #
 247 # Coral Sea Is
 248 # no indigenous inhabitants; only meteorologists
 249 # no times are set
 250 #
 251 # Macquarie
 252 # Permanent occupation (scientific station) 1911-1915 and since 25 March 1948;
 253 # sealing and penguin oil station operated Nov 1899 to Apr 1919.  See the
 254 # Tasmania Parks & Wildlife Service history of sealing at Macquarie Island
 255 # http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1828


 373 # the daylight saving period is 1 hour in advance of the standard time
 374 # commencing at 2.00 am on Sunday 1st November, 2015 and ending at
 375 # 3.00 am on Sunday 17th January, 2016.
 376 
 377 # From Raymond Kumar (2016-10-04):
 378 # http://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Center/Press-Releases/DAYLIGHT-SAVING-STARTS-ON-6th-NOVEMBER,-2016.aspx
 379 # "Fiji's daylight savings will begin on Sunday, 6 November 2016, when
 380 # clocks go forward an hour at 2am to 3am....  Daylight Saving will
 381 # end at 3.00am on Sunday 15th January 2017."
 382 
 383 # From Paul Eggert (2017-08-21):
 384 # Dominic Fok writes (2017-08-20) that DST ends 2018-01-14, citing
 385 # Extraordinary Government of Fiji Gazette Supplement No. 21 (2017-08-27),
 386 # [Legal Notice No. 41] of an order of the previous day by J Usamate.
 387 # For now, guess DST from 02:00 the first Sunday in November to 03:00
 388 # the first Sunday on or after January 14.  Although ad hoc, it matches
 389 # transitions since late 2014 and seems more likely to match future
 390 # practice than guessing no DST.
 391 
 392 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 393 Rule    Fiji    1998    1999    -       Nov     Sun>=1       2:00    1:00    S
 394 Rule    Fiji    1999    2000    -       Feb     lastSun 3:00    0       -
 395 Rule    Fiji    2009    only    -       Nov     29      2:00    1:00    S
 396 Rule    Fiji    2010    only    -       Mar     lastSun 3:00    0       -
 397 Rule    Fiji    2010    2013    -       Oct     Sun>=21      2:00    1:00    S
 398 Rule    Fiji    2011    only    -       Mar     Sun>=1       3:00    0       -
 399 Rule    Fiji    2012    2013    -       Jan     Sun>=18      3:00    0       -
 400 Rule    Fiji    2014    only    -       Jan     Sun>=18      2:00    0       -
 401 Rule    Fiji    2014    max     -       Nov     Sun>=1       2:00    1:00    S
 402 Rule    Fiji    2015    max     -       Jan     Sun>=14      3:00    0       -
 403 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 404 Zone    Pacific/Fiji    11:55:44 -      LMT     1915 Oct 26 # Suva
 405                         12:00   Fiji    +12/+13
 406 
 407 # French Polynesia
 408 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 409 Zone    Pacific/Gambier  -8:59:48 -     LMT     1912 Oct # Rikitea
 410                          -9:00  -       -09
 411 Zone    Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 -    LMT     1912 Oct
 412                          -9:30  -       -0930
 413 Zone    Pacific/Tahiti   -9:58:16 -     LMT     1912 Oct # Papeete
 414                         -10:00  -       -10
 415 # Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia;
 416 # it is uninhabited.
 417 
 418 # Guam
 419 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 420 Zone    Pacific/Guam    -14:21:00 -     LMT     1844 Dec 31
 421                          9:39:00 -      LMT     1901        # Agana
 422                         10:00   -       GST     2000 Dec 23 # Guam
 423                         10:00   -       ChST    # Chamorro Standard Time
 424 Link Pacific/Guam Pacific/Saipan # N Mariana Is
 425 
 426 # Kiribati
 427 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 428 Zone Pacific/Tarawa      11:32:04 -     LMT     1901 # Bairiki
 429                          12:00  -       +12
 430 Zone Pacific/Enderbury  -11:24:20 -     LMT     1901
 431                         -12:00  -       -12     1979 Oct
 432                         -11:00  -       -11     1995
 433                          13:00  -       +13
 434 Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 -     LMT     1901
 435                         -10:40  -       -1040   1979 Oct
 436                         -10:00  -       -10     1995
 437                          14:00  -       +14
 438 
 439 # N Mariana Is
 440 # See Pacific/Guam.
 441 
 442 # Marshall Is
 443 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 444 Zone Pacific/Majuro     11:24:48 -      LMT     1901
 445                         11:00   -       +11     1969 Oct
 446                         12:00   -       +12
 447 Zone Pacific/Kwajalein  11:09:20 -      LMT     1901
 448                         11:00   -       +11     1969 Oct
 449                         -12:00  -       -12     1993 Aug 20
 450                         12:00   -       +12
 451 
 452 # Micronesia
 453 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 454 Zone Pacific/Chuuk      10:07:08 -      LMT     1901
 455                         10:00   -       +10
 456 Zone Pacific/Pohnpei    10:32:52 -      LMT     1901 # Kolonia
 457                         11:00   -       +11
 458 Zone Pacific/Kosrae     10:51:56 -      LMT     1901
 459                         11:00   -       +11     1969 Oct
 460                         12:00   -       +12     1999
 461                         11:00   -       +11
 462 
 463 # Nauru
 464 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 465 Zone    Pacific/Nauru   11:07:40 -      LMT     1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe
 466                         11:30   -       +1130   1942 Mar 15
 467                         9:00    -       +09     1944 Aug 15
 468                         11:30   -       +1130   1979 May
 469                         12:00   -       +12
 470 
 471 # New Caledonia
 472 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 473 Rule    NC      1977    1978    -       Dec     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    S
 474 Rule    NC      1978    1979    -       Feb     27      0:00    0       -
 475 Rule    NC      1996    only    -       Dec      1      2:00s   1:00    S
 476 # Shanks & Pottenger say the following was at 2:00; go with IATA.
 477 Rule    NC      1997    only    -       Mar      2      2:00s   0       -
 478 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 479 Zone    Pacific/Noumea  11:05:48 -      LMT     1912 Jan 13 # Nouméa
 480                         11:00   NC      +11/+12
 481 
 482 
 483 ###############################################################################
 484 
 485 # New Zealand
 486 
 487 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 488 Rule    NZ      1927    only    -       Nov      6      2:00    1:00    S
 489 Rule    NZ      1928    only    -       Mar      4      2:00    0       M
 490 Rule    NZ      1928    1933    -       Oct     Sun>=8       2:00    0:30    S
 491 Rule    NZ      1929    1933    -       Mar     Sun>=15      2:00    0       M
 492 Rule    NZ      1934    1940    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    0       M
 493 Rule    NZ      1934    1940    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0:30    S
 494 Rule    NZ      1946    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    0       S
 495 # Since 1957 Chatham has been 45 minutes ahead of NZ, but there's no
 496 # convenient single notation for the date and time of this transition
 497 # so we must duplicate the Rule lines.

 498 Rule    NZ      1974    only    -       Nov     Sun>=1       2:00s   1:00    D
 499 Rule    Chatham 1974    only    -       Nov     Sun>=1       2:45s   1:00    D
 500 Rule    NZ      1975    only    -       Feb     lastSun 2:00s   0       S
 501 Rule    Chatham 1975    only    -       Feb     lastSun 2:45s   0       S
 502 Rule    NZ      1975    1988    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00s   1:00    D
 503 Rule    Chatham 1975    1988    -       Oct     lastSun 2:45s   1:00    D
 504 Rule    NZ      1976    1989    -       Mar     Sun>=1       2:00s   0       S
 505 Rule    Chatham 1976    1989    -       Mar     Sun>=1       2:45s   0       S
 506 Rule    NZ      1989    only    -       Oct     Sun>=8       2:00s   1:00    D
 507 Rule    Chatham 1989    only    -       Oct     Sun>=8       2:45s   1:00    D
 508 Rule    NZ      1990    2006    -       Oct     Sun>=1       2:00s   1:00    D
 509 Rule    Chatham 1990    2006    -       Oct     Sun>=1       2:45s   1:00    D
 510 Rule    NZ      1990    2007    -       Mar     Sun>=15      2:00s   0       S
 511 Rule    Chatham 1990    2007    -       Mar     Sun>=15      2:45s   0       S
 512 Rule    NZ      2007    max     -       Sep     lastSun 2:00s   1:00    D
 513 Rule    Chatham 2007    max     -       Sep     lastSun 2:45s   1:00    D
 514 Rule    NZ      2008    max     -       Apr     Sun>=1       2:00s   0       S
 515 Rule    Chatham 2008    max     -       Apr     Sun>=1       2:45s   0       S
 516 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 517 Zone Pacific/Auckland   11:39:04 -      LMT     1868 Nov  2
 518                         11:30   NZ      NZ%sT   1946 Jan  1
 519                         12:00   NZ      NZ%sT
 520 Zone Pacific/Chatham    12:13:48 -      LMT     1868 Nov  2
 521                         12:15   -       +1215   1946 Jan  1
 522                         12:45   Chatham +1245/+1345
 523 
 524 Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo
 525 
 526 # Auckland Is
 527 # uninhabited; Māori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers,
 528 # and scientific personnel have wintered
 529 
 530 # Campbell I
 531 # minor whaling stations operated 1909/1914
 532 # scientific station operated 1941/1995;
 533 # previously whalers, sealers, pastoralists, and scientific personnel wintered
 534 # was probably like Pacific/Auckland
 535 
 536 # Cook Is
 537 # From Shanks & Pottenger:
 538 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 539 Rule    Cook    1978    only    -       Nov     12      0:00    0:30    HS
 540 Rule    Cook    1979    1991    -       Mar     Sun>=1       0:00    0       -
 541 Rule    Cook    1979    1990    -       Oct     lastSun 0:00    0:30    HS
 542 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 543 Zone Pacific/Rarotonga  -10:39:04 -     LMT     1901        # Avarua
 544                         -10:30  -       -1030   1978 Nov 12
 545                         -10:00  Cook    -10/-0930
 546 
 547 ###############################################################################
 548 
 549 
 550 # Niue
 551 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 552 Zone    Pacific/Niue    -11:19:40 -     LMT     1901        # Alofi
 553                         -11:20  -       -1120   1951
 554                         -11:30  -       -1130   1978 Oct  1
 555                         -11:00  -       -11
 556 
 557 # Norfolk
 558 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 559 Zone    Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 -      LMT     1901 # Kingston
 560                         11:12   -       +1112   1951
 561                         11:30   -       +1130   1974 Oct 27 02:00


 662 #
 663 # DST
 664 # Year  End      Time              Start        Time
 665 # 2011  - - -    - - -             24 September 3:00am to 4:00am
 666 # 2012  01 April 4:00am to 3:00am  - - -        - - -
 667 #
 668 # Dateline Change skip Friday 30th Dec 2011
 669 # Thursday 29th December 2011   23:59:59 Hours
 670 # Saturday 31st December 2011   00:00:00 Hours
 671 #
 672 # From Nicholas Pereira (2012-09-10):
 673 # Daylight Saving Time commences on Sunday 30th September 2012 and
 674 # ends on Sunday 7th of April 2013....
 675 # http://www.mcil.gov.ws/mcil_publications.html
 676 #
 677 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08):
 678 # That web page currently lists transitions for 2012/3 and 2013/4.
 679 # Assume the pattern instituted in 2012 will continue indefinitely.
 680 
 681 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 682 Rule    WS      2010    only    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    1       D
 683 Rule    WS      2011    only    -       Apr     Sat>=1       4:00    0       S
 684 Rule    WS      2011    only    -       Sep     lastSat 3:00    1       D
 685 Rule    WS      2012    max     -       Apr     Sun>=1       4:00    0       S
 686 Rule    WS      2012    max     -       Sep     lastSun 3:00    1       D
 687 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 688 Zone Pacific/Apia        12:33:04 -     LMT     1892 Jul  5
 689                         -11:26:56 -     LMT     1911
 690                         -11:30  -       -1130   1950
 691                         -11:00  WS      -11/-10 2011 Dec 29 24:00
 692                          13:00  WS      +13/+14
 693 
 694 # Solomon Is
 695 # excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea
 696 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 697 Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 -     LMT     1912 Oct # Honiara
 698                         11:00   -       +11
 699 
 700 # Tokelau
 701 #
 702 # From Gwillim Law (2011-12-29)
 703 # A correspondent informed me that Tokelau, like Samoa, will be skipping
 704 # December 31 this year ...
 705 #
 706 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-07-25)
 707 # ... we double checked by calling hotels and offices based in Tokelau asking
 708 # about the time there, and they all told a time that agrees with UTC+13....
 709 # Shanks says UT-10 from 1901 [but] ... there is a good chance the change
 710 # actually was to UT-11 back then.
 711 #
 712 # From Paul Eggert (2012-07-25)
 713 # A Google Books snippet of Appendix to the Journals of the House of
 714 # Representatives of New Zealand, Session 1948,
 715 # <https://books.google.com/books?id=ZaVCAQAAIAAJ>, page 65, says Tokelau
 716 # was "11 hours slow on G.M.T."  Go with Thorsen and assume Shanks & Pottenger
 717 # are off by an hour starting in 1901.
 718 
 719 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 720 Zone    Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 -     LMT     1901
 721                         -11:00  -       -11     2011 Dec 30
 722                         13:00   -       +13
 723 
 724 # Tonga
 725 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 726 Rule    Tonga   1999    only    -       Oct      7      2:00s   1:00    S
 727 Rule    Tonga   2000    only    -       Mar     19      2:00s   0       -
 728 Rule    Tonga   2000    2001    -       Nov     Sun>=1       2:00    1:00    S
 729 Rule    Tonga   2001    2002    -       Jan     lastSun 2:00    0       -
 730 Rule    Tonga   2016    only    -       Nov     Sun>=1       2:00    1:00    S
 731 Rule    Tonga   2017    only    -       Jan     Sun>=15      3:00    0       -
 732 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 733 Zone Pacific/Tongatapu  12:19:20 -      LMT     1901
 734                         12:20   -       +1220   1941
 735                         13:00   -       +13     1999
 736                         13:00   Tonga   +13/+14
 737 
 738 # Tuvalu
 739 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 740 Zone Pacific/Funafuti   11:56:52 -      LMT     1901
 741                         12:00   -       +12
 742 
 743 
 744 # US minor outlying islands
 745 
 746 # Howland, Baker
 747 # Howland was mined for guano by American companies 1857-1878 and British
 748 # 1886-1891; Baker was similar but exact dates are not known.
 749 # Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; U.S. military bases 1943-1944;
 750 # uninhabited thereafter.


 787 # footnote for the JI tests reads that local time is "JI time = Hawaii Time
 788 # Minus One Hour".
 789 
 790 # Kingman
 791 # uninhabited
 792 
 793 # Midway
 794 # See Pacific/Pago_Pago.
 795 
 796 # Palmyra
 797 # uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
 798 
 799 # Wake
 800 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 801 Zone    Pacific/Wake    11:06:28 -      LMT     1901
 802                         12:00   -       +12
 803 
 804 
 805 # Vanuatu
 806 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 807 Rule    Vanuatu 1983    only    -       Sep     25      0:00    1:00    S
 808 Rule    Vanuatu 1984    1991    -       Mar     Sun>=23      0:00    0       -
 809 Rule    Vanuatu 1984    only    -       Oct     23      0:00    1:00    S
 810 Rule    Vanuatu 1985    1991    -       Sep     Sun>=23      0:00    1:00    S
 811 Rule    Vanuatu 1992    1993    -       Jan     Sun>=23      0:00    0       -
 812 Rule    Vanuatu 1992    only    -       Oct     Sun>=23      0:00    1:00    S
 813 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 814 Zone    Pacific/Efate   11:13:16 -      LMT     1912 Jan 13 # Vila
 815                         11:00   Vanuatu +11/+12
 816 
 817 # Wallis and Futuna
 818 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 819 Zone    Pacific/Wallis  12:15:20 -      LMT     1901
 820                         12:00   -       +12
 821 
 822 ###############################################################################
 823 
 824 # NOTES
 825 
 826 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
 827 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
 828 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see
 829 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
 830 
 831 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):
 832 #


1091 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
1092 # Western Australia...do[es] not have daylight saving.
1093 
1094 # From John D. Newman via Bradley White (1991-11-02):
1095 # Western Australia is still on "winter time". Some DH in Sydney
1096 # rang me at home a few days ago at 6.00am. (He had just arrived at
1097 # work at 9.00am.)
1098 # W.A. is switching to Summer Time on Nov 17th just to confuse
1099 # everybody again.
1100 
1101 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
1102 # The 1992 ending date used in the rules is a best guess;
1103 # it matches what was used in the past.
1104 
1105 # The Australian Bureau of Meteorology FAQ
1106 # http://www.bom.gov.au/faq/faqgen.htm
1107 # (1999-09-27) writes that Giles Meteorological Station uses
1108 # South Australian time even though it's located in Western Australia.
1109 
1110 # Queensland







1111 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
1112 # #   The state of QUEENSLAND.. [ Courtesy Qld. Dept Premier Econ&Trade Devel ]
1113 # #                                             [ Dec 1990 ]
1114 # ...
1115 # Zone  Australia/Queensland    10:00   AQ      %sST
1116 # ...
1117 # Rule  AQ      1971    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1118 # Rule  AQ      1972    only    -       Feb     lastSun 3:00    0       E
1119 # Rule  AQ      1989    max     -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1120 # Rule  AQ      1990    max     -       Mar     Sun>=1       3:00    0       E
1121 
1122 # From Bradley White (1989-12-24):
1123 # "Australia/Queensland" now observes daylight time (i.e. from
1124 # October 1989).
1125 
1126 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
1127 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
1128 # ...Queensland...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
1129 # at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
1130 


1517 # IATA SSIM (1999-09) says DST ends 0100 local time.  Go with McDow.
1518 
1519 # From the BBC World Service in
1520 # http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/205226.stm (1998-10-31 16:03 UTC):
1521 # The Fijian government says the main reasons for the time change is to
1522 # improve productivity and reduce road accidents.... [T]he move is also
1523 # intended to boost Fiji's ability to attract tourists to witness the dawning
1524 # of the new millennium.
1525 
1526 # http://www.fiji.gov.fj/press/2000_09/2000_09_13-05.shtml (2000-09-13)
1527 # reports that Fiji has discontinued DST.
1528 
1529 
1530 # Kiribati
1531 
1532 # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
1533 # Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (page 1) reports that Kiribati
1534 # "declared it the same day [throughout] the country as of Jan. 1, 1995"
1535 # as part of the competition to be first into the 21st century.
1536 






1537 
1538 # Kwajalein
1539 
1540 # In comp.risks 14.87 (26 August 1993), Peter Neumann writes:
1541 # I wonder what happened in Kwajalein, where there was NO Friday,
1542 # 1993-08-20.  Thursday night at midnight Kwajalein switched sides with
1543 # respect to the International Date Line, to rejoin its fellow islands,
1544 # going from 11:59 p.m. Thursday to 12:00 m. Saturday in a blink.
1545 
1546 
1547 # N Mariana Is, Guam
1548 
1549 # Howse writes (p 153) "The Spaniards, on the other hand, reached the
1550 # Philippines and the Ladrones from America," and implies that the Ladrones
1551 # (now called the Marianas) kept American date for quite some time.
1552 # For now, we assume the Ladrones switched at the same time as the Philippines;
1553 # see Asia/Manila.
1554 
1555 # US Public Law 106-564 (2000-12-23) made UT +10 the official standard time,
1556 # under the name "Chamorro Standard Time".  There is no official abbreviation,


1609 # Pitcairn
1610 
1611 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1612 # A Proclamation was signed by the Governor of Pitcairn on the 27th March 1998
1613 # with regard to Pitcairn Standard Time.  The Proclamation is as follows.
1614 #
1615 #       The local time for general purposes in the Islands shall be
1616 #       Co-ordinated Universal time minus 8 hours and shall be known
1617 #       as Pitcairn Standard Time.
1618 #
1619 # ... I have also seen Pitcairn listed as UTC minus 9 hours in several
1620 # references, and can only assume that this was an error in interpretation
1621 # somehow in light of this proclamation.
1622 
1623 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-09):
1624 # The Proclamation regarding Pitcairn time came into effect on 27 April 1998
1625 # ... at midnight.
1626 
1627 # From Howie Phelps (1999-11-10), who talked to a Pitcairner via shortwave:
1628 # Betty Christian told me yesterday that their local time is the same as
1629 # Pacific Standard Time. They used to be 1/2 hour different from us here in
1630 # Sacramento but it was changed a couple of years ago.
1631 
1632 
1633 # (Western) Samoa and American Samoa
1634 
1635 # Howse writes (p 153) that after the 1879 standardization on Antipodean
1636 # time by the British governor of Fiji, the King of Samoa decided to change
1637 # "the date in his kingdom from the Antipodean to the American system,
1638 # ordaining - by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery - that
1639 # the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year."
1640 # This happened in 1892, according to the Evening News (Sydney) of 1892-07-20.
1641 # https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl.htm
1642 
1643 # Although Shanks & Pottenger says they both switched to UT -11:30
1644 # in 1911, and to -11 in 1950. many earlier sources give -11
1645 # for American Samoa, e.g., the US National Bureau of Standards
1646 # circular "Standard Time Throughout the World", 1932.
1647 # Assume American Samoa switched to -11 in 1911, not 1950,
1648 # and that after 1950 they agreed until (western) Samoa skipped a
1649 # day in 2011.  Assume also that the Samoas follow the US and New
1650 # Zealand's "ST"/"DT" style of daylight-saving abbreviations.
1651 
1652 
1653 # Tonga
1654 
1655 # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
1656 # Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (p 1) reports that "Tonga has been plotting
1657 # to sneak ahead of [New Zealanders] by introducing daylight-saving time."
1658 # Since Kiribati has moved the Date Line it's not clear what Tonga will do.
1659 
1660 # Don Mundell writes in the 1997-02-20 Tonga Chronicle
1661 # How Tonga became 'The Land where Time Begins':
1662 # http://www.tongatapu.net.to/tonga/homeland/timebegins.htm
1663 #
1664 # Until 1941 Tonga maintained a standard time 50 minutes ahead of NZST
1665 # 12 hours and 20 minutes ahead of GMT.  When New Zealand adjusted its
1666 # standard time in 1940s, Tonga had the choice of subtracting from its
1667 # local time to come on the same standard time as New Zealand or of
1668 # advancing its time to maintain the differential of 13 degrees
1669 # (approximately 50 minutes ahead of New Zealand time).
1670 #
1671 # Because His Majesty King Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, then Crown Prince
1672 # Tungī, preferred to ensure Tonga's title as the land where time
1673 # begins, the Legislative Assembly approved the latter change.
1674 #
1675 # But some of the older, more conservative members from the outer
1676 # islands objected. "If at midnight on Dec. 31, we move ahead 40
1677 # minutes, as your Royal Highness wishes, what becomes of the 40
1678 # minutes we have lost?"
1679 #
1680 # The Crown Prince, presented an unanswerable argument: "Remember that
1681 # on the World Day of Prayer, you would be the first people on Earth
1682 # to say your prayers in the morning."
1683 
1684 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1685 # Shanks & Pottenger say the transition was on 1968-10-01; go with Mundell.
1686 
1687 # From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-03):
1688 # Tonga's director of tourism, who is also secretary of the National Millennium




 202 Rule    AN      1996    2005    -       Mar     lastSun 2:00s   0       S
 203 Rule    AN      2000    only    -       Aug     lastSun 2:00s   1:00    D
 204 Rule    AN      2001    2007    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00s   1:00    D
 205 Rule    AN      2006    only    -       Apr     Sun>=1       2:00s   0       S
 206 Rule    AN      2007    only    -       Mar     lastSun 2:00s   0       S
 207 Rule    AN      2008    max     -       Apr     Sun>=1       2:00s   0       S
 208 Rule    AN      2008    max     -       Oct     Sun>=1       2:00s   1:00    D
 209 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 210 Zone Australia/Sydney   10:04:52 -      LMT     1895 Feb
 211                         10:00   Aus     AE%sT   1971
 212                         10:00   AN      AE%sT
 213 Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 -    LMT     1895 Feb
 214                         10:00   -       AEST    1896 Aug 23
 215                         9:00    -       ACST    1899 May
 216                         9:30    Aus     AC%sT   1971
 217                         9:30    AN      AC%sT   2000
 218                         9:30    AS      AC%sT
 219 
 220 # Lord Howe Island
 221 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 222 Rule    LH      1981    1984    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    1:00    -
 223 Rule    LH      1982    1985    -       Mar     Sun>=1       2:00    0       -
 224 Rule    LH      1985    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0:30    -
 225 Rule    LH      1986    1989    -       Mar     Sun>=15      2:00    0       -
 226 Rule    LH      1986    only    -       Oct     19      2:00    0:30    -
 227 Rule    LH      1987    1999    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0:30    -
 228 Rule    LH      1990    1995    -       Mar     Sun>=1       2:00    0       -
 229 Rule    LH      1996    2005    -       Mar     lastSun 2:00    0       -
 230 Rule    LH      2000    only    -       Aug     lastSun 2:00    0:30    -
 231 Rule    LH      2001    2007    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    0:30    -
 232 Rule    LH      2006    only    -       Apr     Sun>=1       2:00    0       -
 233 Rule    LH      2007    only    -       Mar     lastSun 2:00    0       -
 234 Rule    LH      2008    max     -       Apr     Sun>=1       2:00    0       -
 235 Rule    LH      2008    max     -       Oct     Sun>=1       2:00    0:30    -
 236 Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 -     LMT     1895 Feb
 237                         10:00   -       AEST    1981 Mar
 238                         10:30   LH      +1030/+1130 1985 Jul
 239                         10:30   LH      +1030/+11
 240 
 241 # Australian miscellany
 242 #
 243 # Ashmore Is, Cartier
 244 # no indigenous inhabitants; only seasonal caretakers
 245 # no times are set
 246 #
 247 # Coral Sea Is
 248 # no indigenous inhabitants; only meteorologists
 249 # no times are set
 250 #
 251 # Macquarie
 252 # Permanent occupation (scientific station) 1911-1915 and since 25 March 1948;
 253 # sealing and penguin oil station operated Nov 1899 to Apr 1919.  See the
 254 # Tasmania Parks & Wildlife Service history of sealing at Macquarie Island
 255 # http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1828


 373 # the daylight saving period is 1 hour in advance of the standard time
 374 # commencing at 2.00 am on Sunday 1st November, 2015 and ending at
 375 # 3.00 am on Sunday 17th January, 2016.
 376 
 377 # From Raymond Kumar (2016-10-04):
 378 # http://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Center/Press-Releases/DAYLIGHT-SAVING-STARTS-ON-6th-NOVEMBER,-2016.aspx
 379 # "Fiji's daylight savings will begin on Sunday, 6 November 2016, when
 380 # clocks go forward an hour at 2am to 3am....  Daylight Saving will
 381 # end at 3.00am on Sunday 15th January 2017."
 382 
 383 # From Paul Eggert (2017-08-21):
 384 # Dominic Fok writes (2017-08-20) that DST ends 2018-01-14, citing
 385 # Extraordinary Government of Fiji Gazette Supplement No. 21 (2017-08-27),
 386 # [Legal Notice No. 41] of an order of the previous day by J Usamate.
 387 # For now, guess DST from 02:00 the first Sunday in November to 03:00
 388 # the first Sunday on or after January 14.  Although ad hoc, it matches
 389 # transitions since late 2014 and seems more likely to match future
 390 # practice than guessing no DST.
 391 
 392 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 393 Rule    Fiji    1998    1999    -       Nov     Sun>=1       2:00    1:00    -
 394 Rule    Fiji    1999    2000    -       Feb     lastSun 3:00    0       -
 395 Rule    Fiji    2009    only    -       Nov     29      2:00    1:00    -
 396 Rule    Fiji    2010    only    -       Mar     lastSun 3:00    0       -
 397 Rule    Fiji    2010    2013    -       Oct     Sun>=21      2:00    1:00    -
 398 Rule    Fiji    2011    only    -       Mar     Sun>=1       3:00    0       -
 399 Rule    Fiji    2012    2013    -       Jan     Sun>=18      3:00    0       -
 400 Rule    Fiji    2014    only    -       Jan     Sun>=18      2:00    0       -
 401 Rule    Fiji    2014    max     -       Nov     Sun>=1       2:00    1:00    -
 402 Rule    Fiji    2015    max     -       Jan     Sun>=14      3:00    0       -
 403 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 404 Zone    Pacific/Fiji    11:55:44 -      LMT     1915 Oct 26 # Suva
 405                         12:00   Fiji    +12/+13
 406 
 407 # French Polynesia
 408 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 409 Zone    Pacific/Gambier  -8:59:48 -     LMT     1912 Oct # Rikitea
 410                          -9:00  -       -09
 411 Zone    Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 -    LMT     1912 Oct
 412                          -9:30  -       -0930
 413 Zone    Pacific/Tahiti   -9:58:16 -     LMT     1912 Oct # Papeete
 414                         -10:00  -       -10
 415 # Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia;
 416 # it is uninhabited.
 417 
 418 # Guam
 419 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 420 Zone    Pacific/Guam    -14:21:00 -     LMT     1844 Dec 31
 421                          9:39:00 -      LMT     1901        # Agana
 422                         10:00   -       GST     2000 Dec 23 # Guam
 423                         10:00   -       ChST    # Chamorro Standard Time
 424 Link Pacific/Guam Pacific/Saipan # N Mariana Is
 425 
 426 # Kiribati
 427 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 428 Zone Pacific/Tarawa      11:32:04 -     LMT     1901 # Bairiki
 429                          12:00  -       +12
 430 Zone Pacific/Enderbury  -11:24:20 -     LMT     1901
 431                         -12:00  -       -12     1979 Oct
 432                         -11:00  -       -11     1994 Dec 31
 433                          13:00  -       +13
 434 Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 -     LMT     1901
 435                         -10:40  -       -1040   1979 Oct
 436                         -10:00  -       -10     1994 Dec 31
 437                          14:00  -       +14
 438 
 439 # N Mariana Is
 440 # See Pacific/Guam.
 441 
 442 # Marshall Is
 443 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 444 Zone Pacific/Majuro     11:24:48 -      LMT     1901
 445                         11:00   -       +11     1969 Oct
 446                         12:00   -       +12
 447 Zone Pacific/Kwajalein  11:09:20 -      LMT     1901
 448                         11:00   -       +11     1969 Oct
 449                         -12:00  -       -12     1993 Aug 20
 450                         12:00   -       +12
 451 
 452 # Micronesia
 453 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 454 Zone Pacific/Chuuk      10:07:08 -      LMT     1901
 455                         10:00   -       +10
 456 Zone Pacific/Pohnpei    10:32:52 -      LMT     1901 # Kolonia
 457                         11:00   -       +11
 458 Zone Pacific/Kosrae     10:51:56 -      LMT     1901
 459                         11:00   -       +11     1969 Oct
 460                         12:00   -       +12     1999
 461                         11:00   -       +11
 462 
 463 # Nauru
 464 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 465 Zone    Pacific/Nauru   11:07:40 -      LMT     1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe
 466                         11:30   -       +1130   1942 Mar 15
 467                         9:00    -       +09     1944 Aug 15
 468                         11:30   -       +1130   1979 May
 469                         12:00   -       +12
 470 
 471 # New Caledonia
 472 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 473 Rule    NC      1977    1978    -       Dec     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    -
 474 Rule    NC      1978    1979    -       Feb     27      0:00    0       -
 475 Rule    NC      1996    only    -       Dec      1      2:00s   1:00    -
 476 # Shanks & Pottenger say the following was at 2:00; go with IATA.
 477 Rule    NC      1997    only    -       Mar      2      2:00s   0       -
 478 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 479 Zone    Pacific/Noumea  11:05:48 -      LMT     1912 Jan 13 # Nouméa
 480                         11:00   NC      +11/+12
 481 
 482 
 483 ###############################################################################
 484 
 485 # New Zealand
 486 
 487 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 488 Rule    NZ      1927    only    -       Nov      6      2:00    1:00    S
 489 Rule    NZ      1928    only    -       Mar      4      2:00    0       M
 490 Rule    NZ      1928    1933    -       Oct     Sun>=8       2:00    0:30    S
 491 Rule    NZ      1929    1933    -       Mar     Sun>=15      2:00    0       M
 492 Rule    NZ      1934    1940    -       Apr     lastSun 2:00    0       M
 493 Rule    NZ      1934    1940    -       Sep     lastSun 2:00    0:30    S
 494 Rule    NZ      1946    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    0       S
 495 # Since 1957 Chatham has been 45 minutes ahead of NZ, but until 2018a
 496 # there was no documented single notation for the date and time of this
 497 # transition.  Duplicate the Rule lines for now, to give the 2018a change
 498 # time to percolate out.
 499 Rule    NZ      1974    only    -       Nov     Sun>=1       2:00s   1:00    D
 500 Rule    Chatham 1974    only    -       Nov     Sun>=1       2:45s   1:00    -
 501 Rule    NZ      1975    only    -       Feb     lastSun 2:00s   0       S
 502 Rule    Chatham 1975    only    -       Feb     lastSun 2:45s   0       -
 503 Rule    NZ      1975    1988    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00s   1:00    D
 504 Rule    Chatham 1975    1988    -       Oct     lastSun 2:45s   1:00    -
 505 Rule    NZ      1976    1989    -       Mar     Sun>=1       2:00s   0       S
 506 Rule    Chatham 1976    1989    -       Mar     Sun>=1       2:45s   0       -
 507 Rule    NZ      1989    only    -       Oct     Sun>=8       2:00s   1:00    D
 508 Rule    Chatham 1989    only    -       Oct     Sun>=8       2:45s   1:00    -
 509 Rule    NZ      1990    2006    -       Oct     Sun>=1       2:00s   1:00    D
 510 Rule    Chatham 1990    2006    -       Oct     Sun>=1       2:45s   1:00    -
 511 Rule    NZ      1990    2007    -       Mar     Sun>=15      2:00s   0       S
 512 Rule    Chatham 1990    2007    -       Mar     Sun>=15      2:45s   0       -
 513 Rule    NZ      2007    max     -       Sep     lastSun 2:00s   1:00    D
 514 Rule    Chatham 2007    max     -       Sep     lastSun 2:45s   1:00    -
 515 Rule    NZ      2008    max     -       Apr     Sun>=1       2:00s   0       S
 516 Rule    Chatham 2008    max     -       Apr     Sun>=1       2:45s   0       -
 517 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 518 Zone Pacific/Auckland   11:39:04 -      LMT     1868 Nov  2
 519                         11:30   NZ      NZ%sT   1946 Jan  1
 520                         12:00   NZ      NZ%sT
 521 Zone Pacific/Chatham    12:13:48 -      LMT     1868 Nov  2
 522                         12:15   -       +1215   1946 Jan  1
 523                         12:45   Chatham +1245/+1345
 524 
 525 Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo
 526 
 527 # Auckland Is
 528 # uninhabited; Māori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers,
 529 # and scientific personnel have wintered
 530 
 531 # Campbell I
 532 # minor whaling stations operated 1909/1914
 533 # scientific station operated 1941/1995;
 534 # previously whalers, sealers, pastoralists, and scientific personnel wintered
 535 # was probably like Pacific/Auckland
 536 
 537 # Cook Is
 538 # From Shanks & Pottenger:
 539 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 540 Rule    Cook    1978    only    -       Nov     12      0:00    0:30    -
 541 Rule    Cook    1979    1991    -       Mar     Sun>=1       0:00    0       -
 542 Rule    Cook    1979    1990    -       Oct     lastSun 0:00    0:30    -
 543 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 544 Zone Pacific/Rarotonga  -10:39:04 -     LMT     1901        # Avarua
 545                         -10:30  -       -1030   1978 Nov 12
 546                         -10:00  Cook    -10/-0930
 547 
 548 ###############################################################################
 549 
 550 
 551 # Niue
 552 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 553 Zone    Pacific/Niue    -11:19:40 -     LMT     1901        # Alofi
 554                         -11:20  -       -1120   1951
 555                         -11:30  -       -1130   1978 Oct  1
 556                         -11:00  -       -11
 557 
 558 # Norfolk
 559 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 560 Zone    Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 -      LMT     1901 # Kingston
 561                         11:12   -       +1112   1951
 562                         11:30   -       +1130   1974 Oct 27 02:00


 663 #
 664 # DST
 665 # Year  End      Time              Start        Time
 666 # 2011  - - -    - - -             24 September 3:00am to 4:00am
 667 # 2012  01 April 4:00am to 3:00am  - - -        - - -
 668 #
 669 # Dateline Change skip Friday 30th Dec 2011
 670 # Thursday 29th December 2011   23:59:59 Hours
 671 # Saturday 31st December 2011   00:00:00 Hours
 672 #
 673 # From Nicholas Pereira (2012-09-10):
 674 # Daylight Saving Time commences on Sunday 30th September 2012 and
 675 # ends on Sunday 7th of April 2013....
 676 # http://www.mcil.gov.ws/mcil_publications.html
 677 #
 678 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08):
 679 # That web page currently lists transitions for 2012/3 and 2013/4.
 680 # Assume the pattern instituted in 2012 will continue indefinitely.
 681 
 682 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 683 Rule    WS      2010    only    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    1       -
 684 Rule    WS      2011    only    -       Apr     Sat>=1       4:00    0       -
 685 Rule    WS      2011    only    -       Sep     lastSat 3:00    1       -
 686 Rule    WS      2012    max     -       Apr     Sun>=1       4:00    0       -
 687 Rule    WS      2012    max     -       Sep     lastSun 3:00    1       -
 688 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 689 Zone Pacific/Apia        12:33:04 -     LMT     1892 Jul  5
 690                         -11:26:56 -     LMT     1911
 691                         -11:30  -       -1130   1950
 692                         -11:00  WS      -11/-10 2011 Dec 29 24:00
 693                          13:00  WS      +13/+14
 694 
 695 # Solomon Is
 696 # excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea
 697 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 698 Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 -     LMT     1912 Oct # Honiara
 699                         11:00   -       +11
 700 
 701 # Tokelau
 702 #
 703 # From Gwillim Law (2011-12-29)
 704 # A correspondent informed me that Tokelau, like Samoa, will be skipping
 705 # December 31 this year ...
 706 #
 707 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-07-25)
 708 # ... we double checked by calling hotels and offices based in Tokelau asking
 709 # about the time there, and they all told a time that agrees with UTC+13....
 710 # Shanks says UT-10 from 1901 [but] ... there is a good chance the change
 711 # actually was to UT-11 back then.
 712 #
 713 # From Paul Eggert (2012-07-25)
 714 # A Google Books snippet of Appendix to the Journals of the House of
 715 # Representatives of New Zealand, Session 1948,
 716 # <https://books.google.com/books?id=ZaVCAQAAIAAJ>, page 65, says Tokelau
 717 # was "11 hours slow on G.M.T."  Go with Thorsen and assume Shanks & Pottenger
 718 # are off by an hour starting in 1901.
 719 
 720 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 721 Zone    Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 -     LMT     1901
 722                         -11:00  -       -11     2011 Dec 30
 723                         13:00   -       +13
 724 
 725 # Tonga
 726 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 727 Rule    Tonga   1999    only    -       Oct      7      2:00s   1:00    -
 728 Rule    Tonga   2000    only    -       Mar     19      2:00s   0       -
 729 Rule    Tonga   2000    2001    -       Nov     Sun>=1       2:00    1:00    -
 730 Rule    Tonga   2001    2002    -       Jan     lastSun 2:00    0       -
 731 Rule    Tonga   2016    only    -       Nov     Sun>=1       2:00    1:00    -
 732 Rule    Tonga   2017    only    -       Jan     Sun>=15      3:00    0       -
 733 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 734 Zone Pacific/Tongatapu  12:19:20 -      LMT     1901
 735                         12:20   -       +1220   1941
 736                         13:00   -       +13     1999
 737                         13:00   Tonga   +13/+14
 738 
 739 # Tuvalu
 740 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 741 Zone Pacific/Funafuti   11:56:52 -      LMT     1901
 742                         12:00   -       +12
 743 
 744 
 745 # US minor outlying islands
 746 
 747 # Howland, Baker
 748 # Howland was mined for guano by American companies 1857-1878 and British
 749 # 1886-1891; Baker was similar but exact dates are not known.
 750 # Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; U.S. military bases 1943-1944;
 751 # uninhabited thereafter.


 788 # footnote for the JI tests reads that local time is "JI time = Hawaii Time
 789 # Minus One Hour".
 790 
 791 # Kingman
 792 # uninhabited
 793 
 794 # Midway
 795 # See Pacific/Pago_Pago.
 796 
 797 # Palmyra
 798 # uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
 799 
 800 # Wake
 801 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 802 Zone    Pacific/Wake    11:06:28 -      LMT     1901
 803                         12:00   -       +12
 804 
 805 
 806 # Vanuatu
 807 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 808 Rule    Vanuatu 1983    only    -       Sep     25      0:00    1:00    -
 809 Rule    Vanuatu 1984    1991    -       Mar     Sun>=23      0:00    0       -
 810 Rule    Vanuatu 1984    only    -       Oct     23      0:00    1:00    -
 811 Rule    Vanuatu 1985    1991    -       Sep     Sun>=23      0:00    1:00    -
 812 Rule    Vanuatu 1992    1993    -       Jan     Sun>=23      0:00    0       -
 813 Rule    Vanuatu 1992    only    -       Oct     Sun>=23      0:00    1:00    -
 814 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 815 Zone    Pacific/Efate   11:13:16 -      LMT     1912 Jan 13 # Vila
 816                         11:00   Vanuatu +11/+12
 817 
 818 # Wallis and Futuna
 819 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 820 Zone    Pacific/Wallis  12:15:20 -      LMT     1901
 821                         12:00   -       +12
 822 
 823 ###############################################################################
 824 
 825 # NOTES
 826 
 827 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
 828 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
 829 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see
 830 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
 831 
 832 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):
 833 #


1092 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
1093 # Western Australia...do[es] not have daylight saving.
1094 
1095 # From John D. Newman via Bradley White (1991-11-02):
1096 # Western Australia is still on "winter time". Some DH in Sydney
1097 # rang me at home a few days ago at 6.00am. (He had just arrived at
1098 # work at 9.00am.)
1099 # W.A. is switching to Summer Time on Nov 17th just to confuse
1100 # everybody again.
1101 
1102 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
1103 # The 1992 ending date used in the rules is a best guess;
1104 # it matches what was used in the past.
1105 
1106 # The Australian Bureau of Meteorology FAQ
1107 # http://www.bom.gov.au/faq/faqgen.htm
1108 # (1999-09-27) writes that Giles Meteorological Station uses
1109 # South Australian time even though it's located in Western Australia.
1110 
1111 # Queensland
1112 
1113 # From Paul Eggert (2018-02-26):
1114 # I lack access to the following source for Queensland DST:
1115 # Pearce C. History of daylight saving time in Queensland.
1116 # Queensland Hist J. 2017 Aug;23(6):389-403
1117 # https://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=994682348436426;res=IELHSS
1118 
1119 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
1120 # #   The state of QUEENSLAND.. [ Courtesy Qld. Dept Premier Econ&Trade Devel ]
1121 # #                                             [ Dec 1990 ]
1122 # ...
1123 # Zone  Australia/Queensland    10:00   AQ      %sST
1124 # ...
1125 # Rule  AQ      1971    only    -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1126 # Rule  AQ      1972    only    -       Feb     lastSun 3:00    0       E
1127 # Rule  AQ      1989    max     -       Oct     lastSun 2:00    1:00    D
1128 # Rule  AQ      1990    max     -       Mar     Sun>=1       3:00    0       E
1129 
1130 # From Bradley White (1989-12-24):
1131 # "Australia/Queensland" now observes daylight time (i.e. from
1132 # October 1989).
1133 
1134 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
1135 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
1136 # ...Queensland...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
1137 # at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
1138 


1525 # IATA SSIM (1999-09) says DST ends 0100 local time.  Go with McDow.
1526 
1527 # From the BBC World Service in
1528 # http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/205226.stm (1998-10-31 16:03 UTC):
1529 # The Fijian government says the main reasons for the time change is to
1530 # improve productivity and reduce road accidents.... [T]he move is also
1531 # intended to boost Fiji's ability to attract tourists to witness the dawning
1532 # of the new millennium.
1533 
1534 # http://www.fiji.gov.fj/press/2000_09/2000_09_13-05.shtml (2000-09-13)
1535 # reports that Fiji has discontinued DST.
1536 
1537 
1538 # Kiribati
1539 
1540 # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
1541 # Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (page 1) reports that Kiribati
1542 # "declared it the same day [throughout] the country as of Jan. 1, 1995"
1543 # as part of the competition to be first into the 21st century.
1544 
1545 # From Kerry Shetline (2018-02-03):
1546 # December 31 was the day that was skipped, so that the transition
1547 # would be from Friday December 30, 1994 to Sunday January 1, 1995.
1548 # From Paul Eggert (2018-02-04):
1549 # One source for this is page 202 of: Bartky IR. One Time Fits All:
1550 # The Campaigns for Global Uniformity (2007).
1551 
1552 # Kwajalein
1553 
1554 # In comp.risks 14.87 (26 August 1993), Peter Neumann writes:
1555 # I wonder what happened in Kwajalein, where there was NO Friday,
1556 # 1993-08-20.  Thursday night at midnight Kwajalein switched sides with
1557 # respect to the International Date Line, to rejoin its fellow islands,
1558 # going from 11:59 p.m. Thursday to 12:00 m. Saturday in a blink.
1559 
1560 
1561 # N Mariana Is, Guam
1562 
1563 # Howse writes (p 153) "The Spaniards, on the other hand, reached the
1564 # Philippines and the Ladrones from America," and implies that the Ladrones
1565 # (now called the Marianas) kept American date for quite some time.
1566 # For now, we assume the Ladrones switched at the same time as the Philippines;
1567 # see Asia/Manila.
1568 
1569 # US Public Law 106-564 (2000-12-23) made UT +10 the official standard time,
1570 # under the name "Chamorro Standard Time".  There is no official abbreviation,


1623 # Pitcairn
1624 
1625 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1626 # A Proclamation was signed by the Governor of Pitcairn on the 27th March 1998
1627 # with regard to Pitcairn Standard Time.  The Proclamation is as follows.
1628 #
1629 #       The local time for general purposes in the Islands shall be
1630 #       Co-ordinated Universal time minus 8 hours and shall be known
1631 #       as Pitcairn Standard Time.
1632 #
1633 # ... I have also seen Pitcairn listed as UTC minus 9 hours in several
1634 # references, and can only assume that this was an error in interpretation
1635 # somehow in light of this proclamation.
1636 
1637 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-09):
1638 # The Proclamation regarding Pitcairn time came into effect on 27 April 1998
1639 # ... at midnight.
1640 
1641 # From Howie Phelps (1999-11-10), who talked to a Pitcairner via shortwave:
1642 # Betty Christian told me yesterday that their local time is the same as
1643 # Pacific Standard Time. They used to be ½ hour different from us here in
1644 # Sacramento but it was changed a couple of years ago.
1645 
1646 
1647 # (Western) Samoa and American Samoa
1648 
1649 # Howse writes (p 153) that after the 1879 standardization on Antipodean
1650 # time by the British governor of Fiji, the King of Samoa decided to change
1651 # "the date in his kingdom from the Antipodean to the American system,
1652 # ordaining - by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery - that
1653 # the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year."
1654 # This happened in 1892, according to the Evening News (Sydney) of 1892-07-20.
1655 # https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl.htm
1656 
1657 # Although Shanks & Pottenger says they both switched to UT -11:30
1658 # in 1911, and to -11 in 1950. many earlier sources give -11
1659 # for American Samoa, e.g., the US National Bureau of Standards
1660 # circular "Standard Time Throughout the World", 1932.
1661 # Assume American Samoa switched to -11 in 1911, not 1950,
1662 # and that after 1950 they agreed until (western) Samoa skipped a
1663 # day in 2011.  Assume also that the Samoas follow the US and New
1664 # Zealand's "ST"/"DT" style of daylight-saving abbreviations.
1665 
1666 
1667 # Tonga
1668 
1669 # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
1670 # Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (p 1) reports that "Tonga has been plotting
1671 # to sneak ahead of [New Zealanders] by introducing daylight-saving time."
1672 # Since Kiribati has moved the Date Line it's not clear what Tonga will do.
1673 
1674 # Don Mundell writes in the 1997-02-20 Tonga Chronicle
1675 # How Tonga became 'The Land where Time Begins':
1676 # http://www.tongatapu.net.to/tonga/homeland/timebegins.htm
1677 #
1678 # Until 1941 Tonga maintained a standard time 50 minutes ahead of NZST
1679 # 12 hours and 20 minutes ahead of GMT.  When New Zealand adjusted its
1680 # standard time in 1940s, Tonga had the choice of subtracting from its
1681 # local time to come on the same standard time as New Zealand or of
1682 # advancing its time to maintain the differential of 13°
1683 # (approximately 50 minutes ahead of New Zealand time).
1684 #
1685 # Because His Majesty King Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, then Crown Prince
1686 # Tungī, preferred to ensure Tonga's title as the land where time
1687 # begins, the Legislative Assembly approved the latter change.
1688 #
1689 # But some of the older, more conservative members from the outer
1690 # islands objected. "If at midnight on Dec. 31, we move ahead 40
1691 # minutes, as your Royal Highness wishes, what becomes of the 40
1692 # minutes we have lost?"
1693 #
1694 # The Crown Prince, presented an unanswerable argument: "Remember that
1695 # on the World Day of Prayer, you would be the first people on Earth
1696 # to say your prayers in the morning."
1697 
1698 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1699 # Shanks & Pottenger say the transition was on 1968-10-01; go with Mundell.
1700 
1701 # From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-03):
1702 # Tonga's director of tourism, who is also secretary of the National Millennium


< prev index next >