202 Rule AN 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S 203 Rule AN 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 204 Rule AN 2001 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 205 Rule AN 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 206 Rule AN 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S 207 Rule AN 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 208 Rule AN 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D 209 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 210 Zone Australia/Sydney 10:04:52 - LMT 1895 Feb 211 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971 212 10:00 AN AE%sT 213 Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 - LMT 1895 Feb 214 10:00 - AEST 1896 Aug 23 215 9:00 - ACST 1899 May 216 9:30 Aus AC%sT 1971 217 9:30 AN AC%sT 2000 218 9:30 AS AC%sT 219 220 # Lord Howe Island 221 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 222 Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 223 Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 S 224 Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 D 225 Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 S 226 Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00 0:30 D 227 Rule LH 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 D 228 Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 S 229 Rule LH 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 S 230 Rule LH 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00 0:30 D 231 Rule LH 2001 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 D 232 Rule LH 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 S 233 Rule LH 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 S 234 Rule LH 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 S 235 Rule LH 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0:30 D 236 Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb 237 10:00 - AEST 1981 Mar 238 10:30 LH +1030/+1130 1985 Jul 239 10:30 LH +1030/+11 240 241 # Australian miscellany 242 # 243 # Ashmore Is, Cartier 244 # no indigenous inhabitants; only seasonal caretakers 245 # no times are set 246 # 247 # Coral Sea Is 248 # no indigenous inhabitants; only meteorologists 249 # no times are set 250 # 251 # Macquarie 252 # Permanent occupation (scientific station) 1911-1915 and since 25 March 1948; 253 # sealing and penguin oil station operated Nov 1899 to Apr 1919. See the 254 # Tasmania Parks & Wildlife Service history of sealing at Macquarie Island 255 # http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1828 373 # the daylight saving period is 1 hour in advance of the standard time 374 # commencing at 2.00 am on Sunday 1st November, 2015 and ending at 375 # 3.00 am on Sunday 17th January, 2016. 376 377 # From Raymond Kumar (2016-10-04): 378 # http://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Center/Press-Releases/DAYLIGHT-SAVING-STARTS-ON-6th-NOVEMBER,-2016.aspx 379 # "Fiji's daylight savings will begin on Sunday, 6 November 2016, when 380 # clocks go forward an hour at 2am to 3am.... Daylight Saving will 381 # end at 3.00am on Sunday 15th January 2017." 382 383 # From Paul Eggert (2017-08-21): 384 # Dominic Fok writes (2017-08-20) that DST ends 2018-01-14, citing 385 # Extraordinary Government of Fiji Gazette Supplement No. 21 (2017-08-27), 386 # [Legal Notice No. 41] of an order of the previous day by J Usamate. 387 # For now, guess DST from 02:00 the first Sunday in November to 03:00 388 # the first Sunday on or after January 14. Although ad hoc, it matches 389 # transitions since late 2014 and seems more likely to match future 390 # practice than guessing no DST. 391 392 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 393 Rule Fiji 1998 1999 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 394 Rule Fiji 1999 2000 - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 - 395 Rule Fiji 2009 only - Nov 29 2:00 1:00 S 396 Rule Fiji 2010 only - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 - 397 Rule Fiji 2010 2013 - Oct Sun>=21 2:00 1:00 S 398 Rule Fiji 2011 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 - 399 Rule Fiji 2012 2013 - Jan Sun>=18 3:00 0 - 400 Rule Fiji 2014 only - Jan Sun>=18 2:00 0 - 401 Rule Fiji 2014 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 402 Rule Fiji 2015 max - Jan Sun>=14 3:00 0 - 403 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 404 Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:55:44 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva 405 12:00 Fiji +12/+13 406 407 # French Polynesia 408 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 409 Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea 410 -9:00 - -09 411 Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct 412 -9:30 - -0930 413 Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete 414 -10:00 - -10 415 # Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia; 416 # it is uninhabited. 417 418 # Guam 419 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 420 Zone Pacific/Guam -14:21:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 421 9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana 422 10:00 - GST 2000 Dec 23 # Guam 423 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time 424 Link Pacific/Guam Pacific/Saipan # N Mariana Is 425 426 # Kiribati 427 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 428 Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki 429 12:00 - +12 430 Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901 431 -12:00 - -12 1979 Oct 432 -11:00 - -11 1995 433 13:00 - +13 434 Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901 435 -10:40 - -1040 1979 Oct 436 -10:00 - -10 1995 437 14:00 - +14 438 439 # N Mariana Is 440 # See Pacific/Guam. 441 442 # Marshall Is 443 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 444 Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901 445 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct 446 12:00 - +12 447 Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901 448 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct 449 -12:00 - -12 1993 Aug 20 450 12:00 - +12 451 452 # Micronesia 453 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 454 Zone Pacific/Chuuk 10:07:08 - LMT 1901 455 10:00 - +10 456 Zone Pacific/Pohnpei 10:32:52 - LMT 1901 # Kolonia 457 11:00 - +11 458 Zone Pacific/Kosrae 10:51:56 - LMT 1901 459 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct 460 12:00 - +12 1999 461 11:00 - +11 462 463 # Nauru 464 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 465 Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe 466 11:30 - +1130 1942 Mar 15 467 9:00 - +09 1944 Aug 15 468 11:30 - +1130 1979 May 469 12:00 - +12 470 471 # New Caledonia 472 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 473 Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 474 Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 - 475 Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 S 476 # Shanks & Pottenger say the following was at 2:00; go with IATA. 477 Rule NC 1997 only - Mar 2 2:00s 0 - 478 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 479 Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Nouméa 480 11:00 NC +11/+12 481 482 483 ############################################################################### 484 485 # New Zealand 486 487 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 488 Rule NZ 1927 only - Nov 6 2:00 1:00 S 489 Rule NZ 1928 only - Mar 4 2:00 0 M 490 Rule NZ 1928 1933 - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0:30 S 491 Rule NZ 1929 1933 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 M 492 Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 0 M 493 Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0:30 S 494 Rule NZ 1946 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S 495 # Since 1957 Chatham has been 45 minutes ahead of NZ, but there's no 496 # convenient single notation for the date and time of this transition 497 # so we must duplicate the Rule lines. 498 Rule NZ 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D 499 Rule Chatham 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D 500 Rule NZ 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S 501 Rule Chatham 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:45s 0 S 502 Rule NZ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 503 Rule Chatham 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:45s 1:00 D 504 Rule NZ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 505 Rule Chatham 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:45s 0 S 506 Rule NZ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00s 1:00 D 507 Rule Chatham 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:45s 1:00 D 508 Rule NZ 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D 509 Rule Chatham 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D 510 Rule NZ 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S 511 Rule Chatham 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:45s 0 S 512 Rule NZ 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 513 Rule Chatham 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:45s 1:00 D 514 Rule NZ 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 515 Rule Chatham 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:45s 0 S 516 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 517 Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868 Nov 2 518 11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1946 Jan 1 519 12:00 NZ NZ%sT 520 Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:13:48 - LMT 1868 Nov 2 521 12:15 - +1215 1946 Jan 1 522 12:45 Chatham +1245/+1345 523 524 Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo 525 526 # Auckland Is 527 # uninhabited; Māori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers, 528 # and scientific personnel have wintered 529 530 # Campbell I 531 # minor whaling stations operated 1909/1914 532 # scientific station operated 1941/1995; 533 # previously whalers, sealers, pastoralists, and scientific personnel wintered 534 # was probably like Pacific/Auckland 535 536 # Cook Is 537 # From Shanks & Pottenger: 538 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 539 Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 HS 540 Rule Cook 1979 1991 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - 541 Rule Cook 1979 1990 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS 542 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 543 Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua 544 -10:30 - -1030 1978 Nov 12 545 -10:00 Cook -10/-0930 546 547 ############################################################################### 548 549 550 # Niue 551 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 552 Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi 553 -11:20 - -1120 1951 554 -11:30 - -1130 1978 Oct 1 555 -11:00 - -11 556 557 # Norfolk 558 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 559 Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston 560 11:12 - +1112 1951 561 11:30 - +1130 1974 Oct 27 02:00 662 # 663 # DST 664 # Year End Time Start Time 665 # 2011 - - - - - - 24 September 3:00am to 4:00am 666 # 2012 01 April 4:00am to 3:00am - - - - - - 667 # 668 # Dateline Change skip Friday 30th Dec 2011 669 # Thursday 29th December 2011 23:59:59 Hours 670 # Saturday 31st December 2011 00:00:00 Hours 671 # 672 # From Nicholas Pereira (2012-09-10): 673 # Daylight Saving Time commences on Sunday 30th September 2012 and 674 # ends on Sunday 7th of April 2013.... 675 # http://www.mcil.gov.ws/mcil_publications.html 676 # 677 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08): 678 # That web page currently lists transitions for 2012/3 and 2013/4. 679 # Assume the pattern instituted in 2012 will continue indefinitely. 680 681 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 682 Rule WS 2010 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1 D 683 Rule WS 2011 only - Apr Sat>=1 4:00 0 S 684 Rule WS 2011 only - Sep lastSat 3:00 1 D 685 Rule WS 2012 max - Apr Sun>=1 4:00 0 S 686 Rule WS 2012 max - Sep lastSun 3:00 1 D 687 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 688 Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1892 Jul 5 689 -11:26:56 - LMT 1911 690 -11:30 - -1130 1950 691 -11:00 WS -11/-10 2011 Dec 29 24:00 692 13:00 WS +13/+14 693 694 # Solomon Is 695 # excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea 696 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 697 Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara 698 11:00 - +11 699 700 # Tokelau 701 # 702 # From Gwillim Law (2011-12-29) 703 # A correspondent informed me that Tokelau, like Samoa, will be skipping 704 # December 31 this year ... 705 # 706 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-07-25) 707 # ... we double checked by calling hotels and offices based in Tokelau asking 708 # about the time there, and they all told a time that agrees with UTC+13.... 709 # Shanks says UT-10 from 1901 [but] ... there is a good chance the change 710 # actually was to UT-11 back then. 711 # 712 # From Paul Eggert (2012-07-25) 713 # A Google Books snippet of Appendix to the Journals of the House of 714 # Representatives of New Zealand, Session 1948, 715 # <https://books.google.com/books?id=ZaVCAQAAIAAJ>, page 65, says Tokelau 716 # was "11 hours slow on G.M.T." Go with Thorsen and assume Shanks & Pottenger 717 # are off by an hour starting in 1901. 718 719 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 720 Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901 721 -11:00 - -11 2011 Dec 30 722 13:00 - +13 723 724 # Tonga 725 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 726 Rule Tonga 1999 only - Oct 7 2:00s 1:00 S 727 Rule Tonga 2000 only - Mar 19 2:00s 0 - 728 Rule Tonga 2000 2001 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 729 Rule Tonga 2001 2002 - Jan lastSun 2:00 0 - 730 Rule Tonga 2016 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 731 Rule Tonga 2017 only - Jan Sun>=15 3:00 0 - 732 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 733 Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901 734 12:20 - +1220 1941 735 13:00 - +13 1999 736 13:00 Tonga +13/+14 737 738 # Tuvalu 739 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 740 Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901 741 12:00 - +12 742 743 744 # US minor outlying islands 745 746 # Howland, Baker 747 # Howland was mined for guano by American companies 1857-1878 and British 748 # 1886-1891; Baker was similar but exact dates are not known. 749 # Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; U.S. military bases 1943-1944; 750 # uninhabited thereafter. 787 # footnote for the JI tests reads that local time is "JI time = Hawaii Time 788 # Minus One Hour". 789 790 # Kingman 791 # uninhabited 792 793 # Midway 794 # See Pacific/Pago_Pago. 795 796 # Palmyra 797 # uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati 798 799 # Wake 800 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 801 Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901 802 12:00 - +12 803 804 805 # Vanuatu 806 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 807 Rule Vanuatu 1983 only - Sep 25 0:00 1:00 S 808 Rule Vanuatu 1984 1991 - Mar Sun>=23 0:00 0 - 809 Rule Vanuatu 1984 only - Oct 23 0:00 1:00 S 810 Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S 811 Rule Vanuatu 1992 1993 - Jan Sun>=23 0:00 0 - 812 Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S 813 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 814 Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila 815 11:00 Vanuatu +11/+12 816 817 # Wallis and Futuna 818 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 819 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 820 12:00 - +12 821 822 ############################################################################### 823 824 # NOTES 825 826 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 827 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 828 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 829 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 830 831 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10): 832 # 1091 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper... 1092 # Western Australia...do[es] not have daylight saving. 1093 1094 # From John D. Newman via Bradley White (1991-11-02): 1095 # Western Australia is still on "winter time". Some DH in Sydney 1096 # rang me at home a few days ago at 6.00am. (He had just arrived at 1097 # work at 9.00am.) 1098 # W.A. is switching to Summer Time on Nov 17th just to confuse 1099 # everybody again. 1100 1101 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08): 1102 # The 1992 ending date used in the rules is a best guess; 1103 # it matches what was used in the past. 1104 1105 # The Australian Bureau of Meteorology FAQ 1106 # http://www.bom.gov.au/faq/faqgen.htm 1107 # (1999-09-27) writes that Giles Meteorological Station uses 1108 # South Australian time even though it's located in Western Australia. 1109 1110 # Queensland 1111 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): 1112 # # The state of QUEENSLAND.. [ Courtesy Qld. Dept Premier Econ&Trade Devel ] 1113 # # [ Dec 1990 ] 1114 # ... 1115 # Zone Australia/Queensland 10:00 AQ %sST 1116 # ... 1117 # Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 1118 # Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E 1119 # Rule AQ 1989 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 1120 # Rule AQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E 1121 1122 # From Bradley White (1989-12-24): 1123 # "Australia/Queensland" now observes daylight time (i.e. from 1124 # October 1989). 1125 1126 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04): 1127 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper... 1128 # ...Queensland...[has] agreed to end daylight saving 1129 # at 3am tomorrow (March 3)... 1130 1517 # IATA SSIM (1999-09) says DST ends 0100 local time. Go with McDow. 1518 1519 # From the BBC World Service in 1520 # http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/205226.stm (1998-10-31 16:03 UTC): 1521 # The Fijian government says the main reasons for the time change is to 1522 # improve productivity and reduce road accidents.... [T]he move is also 1523 # intended to boost Fiji's ability to attract tourists to witness the dawning 1524 # of the new millennium. 1525 1526 # http://www.fiji.gov.fj/press/2000_09/2000_09_13-05.shtml (2000-09-13) 1527 # reports that Fiji has discontinued DST. 1528 1529 1530 # Kiribati 1531 1532 # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22): 1533 # Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (page 1) reports that Kiribati 1534 # "declared it the same day [throughout] the country as of Jan. 1, 1995" 1535 # as part of the competition to be first into the 21st century. 1536 1537 1538 # Kwajalein 1539 1540 # In comp.risks 14.87 (26 August 1993), Peter Neumann writes: 1541 # I wonder what happened in Kwajalein, where there was NO Friday, 1542 # 1993-08-20. Thursday night at midnight Kwajalein switched sides with 1543 # respect to the International Date Line, to rejoin its fellow islands, 1544 # going from 11:59 p.m. Thursday to 12:00 m. Saturday in a blink. 1545 1546 1547 # N Mariana Is, Guam 1548 1549 # Howse writes (p 153) "The Spaniards, on the other hand, reached the 1550 # Philippines and the Ladrones from America," and implies that the Ladrones 1551 # (now called the Marianas) kept American date for quite some time. 1552 # For now, we assume the Ladrones switched at the same time as the Philippines; 1553 # see Asia/Manila. 1554 1555 # US Public Law 106-564 (2000-12-23) made UT +10 the official standard time, 1556 # under the name "Chamorro Standard Time". There is no official abbreviation, 1609 # Pitcairn 1610 1611 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08): 1612 # A Proclamation was signed by the Governor of Pitcairn on the 27th March 1998 1613 # with regard to Pitcairn Standard Time. The Proclamation is as follows. 1614 # 1615 # The local time for general purposes in the Islands shall be 1616 # Co-ordinated Universal time minus 8 hours and shall be known 1617 # as Pitcairn Standard Time. 1618 # 1619 # ... I have also seen Pitcairn listed as UTC minus 9 hours in several 1620 # references, and can only assume that this was an error in interpretation 1621 # somehow in light of this proclamation. 1622 1623 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-09): 1624 # The Proclamation regarding Pitcairn time came into effect on 27 April 1998 1625 # ... at midnight. 1626 1627 # From Howie Phelps (1999-11-10), who talked to a Pitcairner via shortwave: 1628 # Betty Christian told me yesterday that their local time is the same as 1629 # Pacific Standard Time. They used to be 1/2 hour different from us here in 1630 # Sacramento but it was changed a couple of years ago. 1631 1632 1633 # (Western) Samoa and American Samoa 1634 1635 # Howse writes (p 153) that after the 1879 standardization on Antipodean 1636 # time by the British governor of Fiji, the King of Samoa decided to change 1637 # "the date in his kingdom from the Antipodean to the American system, 1638 # ordaining - by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery - that 1639 # the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year." 1640 # This happened in 1892, according to the Evening News (Sydney) of 1892-07-20. 1641 # https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl.htm 1642 1643 # Although Shanks & Pottenger says they both switched to UT -11:30 1644 # in 1911, and to -11 in 1950. many earlier sources give -11 1645 # for American Samoa, e.g., the US National Bureau of Standards 1646 # circular "Standard Time Throughout the World", 1932. 1647 # Assume American Samoa switched to -11 in 1911, not 1950, 1648 # and that after 1950 they agreed until (western) Samoa skipped a 1649 # day in 2011. Assume also that the Samoas follow the US and New 1650 # Zealand's "ST"/"DT" style of daylight-saving abbreviations. 1651 1652 1653 # Tonga 1654 1655 # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22): 1656 # Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (p 1) reports that "Tonga has been plotting 1657 # to sneak ahead of [New Zealanders] by introducing daylight-saving time." 1658 # Since Kiribati has moved the Date Line it's not clear what Tonga will do. 1659 1660 # Don Mundell writes in the 1997-02-20 Tonga Chronicle 1661 # How Tonga became 'The Land where Time Begins': 1662 # http://www.tongatapu.net.to/tonga/homeland/timebegins.htm 1663 # 1664 # Until 1941 Tonga maintained a standard time 50 minutes ahead of NZST 1665 # 12 hours and 20 minutes ahead of GMT. When New Zealand adjusted its 1666 # standard time in 1940s, Tonga had the choice of subtracting from its 1667 # local time to come on the same standard time as New Zealand or of 1668 # advancing its time to maintain the differential of 13 degrees 1669 # (approximately 50 minutes ahead of New Zealand time). 1670 # 1671 # Because His Majesty King Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, then Crown Prince 1672 # Tungī, preferred to ensure Tonga's title as the land where time 1673 # begins, the Legislative Assembly approved the latter change. 1674 # 1675 # But some of the older, more conservative members from the outer 1676 # islands objected. "If at midnight on Dec. 31, we move ahead 40 1677 # minutes, as your Royal Highness wishes, what becomes of the 40 1678 # minutes we have lost?" 1679 # 1680 # The Crown Prince, presented an unanswerable argument: "Remember that 1681 # on the World Day of Prayer, you would be the first people on Earth 1682 # to say your prayers in the morning." 1683 1684 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1685 # Shanks & Pottenger say the transition was on 1968-10-01; go with Mundell. 1686 1687 # From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-03): 1688 # Tonga's director of tourism, who is also secretary of the National Millennium | 202 Rule AN 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S 203 Rule AN 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 204 Rule AN 2001 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 205 Rule AN 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 206 Rule AN 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S 207 Rule AN 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 208 Rule AN 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D 209 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 210 Zone Australia/Sydney 10:04:52 - LMT 1895 Feb 211 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971 212 10:00 AN AE%sT 213 Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 - LMT 1895 Feb 214 10:00 - AEST 1896 Aug 23 215 9:00 - ACST 1899 May 216 9:30 Aus AC%sT 1971 217 9:30 AN AC%sT 2000 218 9:30 AS AC%sT 219 220 # Lord Howe Island 221 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 222 Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 - 223 Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 224 Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 - 225 Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 226 Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00 0:30 - 227 Rule LH 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 - 228 Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 229 Rule LH 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 230 Rule LH 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00 0:30 - 231 Rule LH 2001 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 - 232 Rule LH 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 233 Rule LH 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 234 Rule LH 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 235 Rule LH 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0:30 - 236 Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb 237 10:00 - AEST 1981 Mar 238 10:30 LH +1030/+1130 1985 Jul 239 10:30 LH +1030/+11 240 241 # Australian miscellany 242 # 243 # Ashmore Is, Cartier 244 # no indigenous inhabitants; only seasonal caretakers 245 # no times are set 246 # 247 # Coral Sea Is 248 # no indigenous inhabitants; only meteorologists 249 # no times are set 250 # 251 # Macquarie 252 # Permanent occupation (scientific station) 1911-1915 and since 25 March 1948; 253 # sealing and penguin oil station operated Nov 1899 to Apr 1919. See the 254 # Tasmania Parks & Wildlife Service history of sealing at Macquarie Island 255 # http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1828 373 # the daylight saving period is 1 hour in advance of the standard time 374 # commencing at 2.00 am on Sunday 1st November, 2015 and ending at 375 # 3.00 am on Sunday 17th January, 2016. 376 377 # From Raymond Kumar (2016-10-04): 378 # http://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Center/Press-Releases/DAYLIGHT-SAVING-STARTS-ON-6th-NOVEMBER,-2016.aspx 379 # "Fiji's daylight savings will begin on Sunday, 6 November 2016, when 380 # clocks go forward an hour at 2am to 3am.... Daylight Saving will 381 # end at 3.00am on Sunday 15th January 2017." 382 383 # From Paul Eggert (2017-08-21): 384 # Dominic Fok writes (2017-08-20) that DST ends 2018-01-14, citing 385 # Extraordinary Government of Fiji Gazette Supplement No. 21 (2017-08-27), 386 # [Legal Notice No. 41] of an order of the previous day by J Usamate. 387 # For now, guess DST from 02:00 the first Sunday in November to 03:00 388 # the first Sunday on or after January 14. Although ad hoc, it matches 389 # transitions since late 2014 and seems more likely to match future 390 # practice than guessing no DST. 391 392 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 393 Rule Fiji 1998 1999 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 - 394 Rule Fiji 1999 2000 - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 - 395 Rule Fiji 2009 only - Nov 29 2:00 1:00 - 396 Rule Fiji 2010 only - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 - 397 Rule Fiji 2010 2013 - Oct Sun>=21 2:00 1:00 - 398 Rule Fiji 2011 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 - 399 Rule Fiji 2012 2013 - Jan Sun>=18 3:00 0 - 400 Rule Fiji 2014 only - Jan Sun>=18 2:00 0 - 401 Rule Fiji 2014 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 - 402 Rule Fiji 2015 max - Jan Sun>=14 3:00 0 - 403 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 404 Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:55:44 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva 405 12:00 Fiji +12/+13 406 407 # French Polynesia 408 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 409 Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea 410 -9:00 - -09 411 Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct 412 -9:30 - -0930 413 Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete 414 -10:00 - -10 415 # Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia; 416 # it is uninhabited. 417 418 # Guam 419 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 420 Zone Pacific/Guam -14:21:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 421 9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana 422 10:00 - GST 2000 Dec 23 # Guam 423 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time 424 Link Pacific/Guam Pacific/Saipan # N Mariana Is 425 426 # Kiribati 427 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 428 Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki 429 12:00 - +12 430 Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901 431 -12:00 - -12 1979 Oct 432 -11:00 - -11 1994 Dec 31 433 13:00 - +13 434 Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901 435 -10:40 - -1040 1979 Oct 436 -10:00 - -10 1994 Dec 31 437 14:00 - +14 438 439 # N Mariana Is 440 # See Pacific/Guam. 441 442 # Marshall Is 443 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 444 Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901 445 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct 446 12:00 - +12 447 Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901 448 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct 449 -12:00 - -12 1993 Aug 20 450 12:00 - +12 451 452 # Micronesia 453 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 454 Zone Pacific/Chuuk 10:07:08 - LMT 1901 455 10:00 - +10 456 Zone Pacific/Pohnpei 10:32:52 - LMT 1901 # Kolonia 457 11:00 - +11 458 Zone Pacific/Kosrae 10:51:56 - LMT 1901 459 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct 460 12:00 - +12 1999 461 11:00 - +11 462 463 # Nauru 464 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 465 Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe 466 11:30 - +1130 1942 Mar 15 467 9:00 - +09 1944 Aug 15 468 11:30 - +1130 1979 May 469 12:00 - +12 470 471 # New Caledonia 472 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 473 Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 - 474 Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 - 475 Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 - 476 # Shanks & Pottenger say the following was at 2:00; go with IATA. 477 Rule NC 1997 only - Mar 2 2:00s 0 - 478 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 479 Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Nouméa 480 11:00 NC +11/+12 481 482 483 ############################################################################### 484 485 # New Zealand 486 487 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 488 Rule NZ 1927 only - Nov 6 2:00 1:00 S 489 Rule NZ 1928 only - Mar 4 2:00 0 M 490 Rule NZ 1928 1933 - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0:30 S 491 Rule NZ 1929 1933 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 M 492 Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 0 M 493 Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0:30 S 494 Rule NZ 1946 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S 495 # Since 1957 Chatham has been 45 minutes ahead of NZ, but until 2018a 496 # there was no documented single notation for the date and time of this 497 # transition. Duplicate the Rule lines for now, to give the 2018a change 498 # time to percolate out. 499 Rule NZ 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D 500 Rule Chatham 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 - 501 Rule NZ 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S 502 Rule Chatham 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:45s 0 - 503 Rule NZ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 504 Rule Chatham 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:45s 1:00 - 505 Rule NZ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 506 Rule Chatham 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:45s 0 - 507 Rule NZ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00s 1:00 D 508 Rule Chatham 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:45s 1:00 - 509 Rule NZ 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D 510 Rule Chatham 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 - 511 Rule NZ 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S 512 Rule Chatham 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:45s 0 - 513 Rule NZ 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D 514 Rule Chatham 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:45s 1:00 - 515 Rule NZ 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S 516 Rule Chatham 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:45s 0 - 517 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 518 Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868 Nov 2 519 11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1946 Jan 1 520 12:00 NZ NZ%sT 521 Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:13:48 - LMT 1868 Nov 2 522 12:15 - +1215 1946 Jan 1 523 12:45 Chatham +1245/+1345 524 525 Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo 526 527 # Auckland Is 528 # uninhabited; Māori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers, 529 # and scientific personnel have wintered 530 531 # Campbell I 532 # minor whaling stations operated 1909/1914 533 # scientific station operated 1941/1995; 534 # previously whalers, sealers, pastoralists, and scientific personnel wintered 535 # was probably like Pacific/Auckland 536 537 # Cook Is 538 # From Shanks & Pottenger: 539 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 540 Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 - 541 Rule Cook 1979 1991 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - 542 Rule Cook 1979 1990 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 - 543 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 544 Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua 545 -10:30 - -1030 1978 Nov 12 546 -10:00 Cook -10/-0930 547 548 ############################################################################### 549 550 551 # Niue 552 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 553 Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi 554 -11:20 - -1120 1951 555 -11:30 - -1130 1978 Oct 1 556 -11:00 - -11 557 558 # Norfolk 559 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 560 Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston 561 11:12 - +1112 1951 562 11:30 - +1130 1974 Oct 27 02:00 663 # 664 # DST 665 # Year End Time Start Time 666 # 2011 - - - - - - 24 September 3:00am to 4:00am 667 # 2012 01 April 4:00am to 3:00am - - - - - - 668 # 669 # Dateline Change skip Friday 30th Dec 2011 670 # Thursday 29th December 2011 23:59:59 Hours 671 # Saturday 31st December 2011 00:00:00 Hours 672 # 673 # From Nicholas Pereira (2012-09-10): 674 # Daylight Saving Time commences on Sunday 30th September 2012 and 675 # ends on Sunday 7th of April 2013.... 676 # http://www.mcil.gov.ws/mcil_publications.html 677 # 678 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08): 679 # That web page currently lists transitions for 2012/3 and 2013/4. 680 # Assume the pattern instituted in 2012 will continue indefinitely. 681 682 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 683 Rule WS 2010 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1 - 684 Rule WS 2011 only - Apr Sat>=1 4:00 0 - 685 Rule WS 2011 only - Sep lastSat 3:00 1 - 686 Rule WS 2012 max - Apr Sun>=1 4:00 0 - 687 Rule WS 2012 max - Sep lastSun 3:00 1 - 688 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 689 Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1892 Jul 5 690 -11:26:56 - LMT 1911 691 -11:30 - -1130 1950 692 -11:00 WS -11/-10 2011 Dec 29 24:00 693 13:00 WS +13/+14 694 695 # Solomon Is 696 # excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea 697 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 698 Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara 699 11:00 - +11 700 701 # Tokelau 702 # 703 # From Gwillim Law (2011-12-29) 704 # A correspondent informed me that Tokelau, like Samoa, will be skipping 705 # December 31 this year ... 706 # 707 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-07-25) 708 # ... we double checked by calling hotels and offices based in Tokelau asking 709 # about the time there, and they all told a time that agrees with UTC+13.... 710 # Shanks says UT-10 from 1901 [but] ... there is a good chance the change 711 # actually was to UT-11 back then. 712 # 713 # From Paul Eggert (2012-07-25) 714 # A Google Books snippet of Appendix to the Journals of the House of 715 # Representatives of New Zealand, Session 1948, 716 # <https://books.google.com/books?id=ZaVCAQAAIAAJ>, page 65, says Tokelau 717 # was "11 hours slow on G.M.T." Go with Thorsen and assume Shanks & Pottenger 718 # are off by an hour starting in 1901. 719 720 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 721 Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901 722 -11:00 - -11 2011 Dec 30 723 13:00 - +13 724 725 # Tonga 726 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 727 Rule Tonga 1999 only - Oct 7 2:00s 1:00 - 728 Rule Tonga 2000 only - Mar 19 2:00s 0 - 729 Rule Tonga 2000 2001 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 - 730 Rule Tonga 2001 2002 - Jan lastSun 2:00 0 - 731 Rule Tonga 2016 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 - 732 Rule Tonga 2017 only - Jan Sun>=15 3:00 0 - 733 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 734 Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901 735 12:20 - +1220 1941 736 13:00 - +13 1999 737 13:00 Tonga +13/+14 738 739 # Tuvalu 740 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 741 Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901 742 12:00 - +12 743 744 745 # US minor outlying islands 746 747 # Howland, Baker 748 # Howland was mined for guano by American companies 1857-1878 and British 749 # 1886-1891; Baker was similar but exact dates are not known. 750 # Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; U.S. military bases 1943-1944; 751 # uninhabited thereafter. 788 # footnote for the JI tests reads that local time is "JI time = Hawaii Time 789 # Minus One Hour". 790 791 # Kingman 792 # uninhabited 793 794 # Midway 795 # See Pacific/Pago_Pago. 796 797 # Palmyra 798 # uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati 799 800 # Wake 801 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 802 Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901 803 12:00 - +12 804 805 806 # Vanuatu 807 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 808 Rule Vanuatu 1983 only - Sep 25 0:00 1:00 - 809 Rule Vanuatu 1984 1991 - Mar Sun>=23 0:00 0 - 810 Rule Vanuatu 1984 only - Oct 23 0:00 1:00 - 811 Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 - 812 Rule Vanuatu 1992 1993 - Jan Sun>=23 0:00 0 - 813 Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 - 814 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 815 Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila 816 11:00 Vanuatu +11/+12 817 818 # Wallis and Futuna 819 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 820 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 821 12:00 - +12 822 823 ############################################################################### 824 825 # NOTES 826 827 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 828 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 829 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 830 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 831 832 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10): 833 # 1092 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper... 1093 # Western Australia...do[es] not have daylight saving. 1094 1095 # From John D. Newman via Bradley White (1991-11-02): 1096 # Western Australia is still on "winter time". Some DH in Sydney 1097 # rang me at home a few days ago at 6.00am. (He had just arrived at 1098 # work at 9.00am.) 1099 # W.A. is switching to Summer Time on Nov 17th just to confuse 1100 # everybody again. 1101 1102 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08): 1103 # The 1992 ending date used in the rules is a best guess; 1104 # it matches what was used in the past. 1105 1106 # The Australian Bureau of Meteorology FAQ 1107 # http://www.bom.gov.au/faq/faqgen.htm 1108 # (1999-09-27) writes that Giles Meteorological Station uses 1109 # South Australian time even though it's located in Western Australia. 1110 1111 # Queensland 1112 1113 # From Paul Eggert (2018-02-26): 1114 # I lack access to the following source for Queensland DST: 1115 # Pearce C. History of daylight saving time in Queensland. 1116 # Queensland Hist J. 2017 Aug;23(6):389-403 1117 # https://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=994682348436426;res=IELHSS 1118 1119 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): 1120 # # The state of QUEENSLAND.. [ Courtesy Qld. Dept Premier Econ&Trade Devel ] 1121 # # [ Dec 1990 ] 1122 # ... 1123 # Zone Australia/Queensland 10:00 AQ %sST 1124 # ... 1125 # Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 1126 # Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E 1127 # Rule AQ 1989 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 1128 # Rule AQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E 1129 1130 # From Bradley White (1989-12-24): 1131 # "Australia/Queensland" now observes daylight time (i.e. from 1132 # October 1989). 1133 1134 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04): 1135 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper... 1136 # ...Queensland...[has] agreed to end daylight saving 1137 # at 3am tomorrow (March 3)... 1138 1525 # IATA SSIM (1999-09) says DST ends 0100 local time. Go with McDow. 1526 1527 # From the BBC World Service in 1528 # http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/205226.stm (1998-10-31 16:03 UTC): 1529 # The Fijian government says the main reasons for the time change is to 1530 # improve productivity and reduce road accidents.... [T]he move is also 1531 # intended to boost Fiji's ability to attract tourists to witness the dawning 1532 # of the new millennium. 1533 1534 # http://www.fiji.gov.fj/press/2000_09/2000_09_13-05.shtml (2000-09-13) 1535 # reports that Fiji has discontinued DST. 1536 1537 1538 # Kiribati 1539 1540 # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22): 1541 # Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (page 1) reports that Kiribati 1542 # "declared it the same day [throughout] the country as of Jan. 1, 1995" 1543 # as part of the competition to be first into the 21st century. 1544 1545 # From Kerry Shetline (2018-02-03): 1546 # December 31 was the day that was skipped, so that the transition 1547 # would be from Friday December 30, 1994 to Sunday January 1, 1995. 1548 # From Paul Eggert (2018-02-04): 1549 # One source for this is page 202 of: Bartky IR. One Time Fits All: 1550 # The Campaigns for Global Uniformity (2007). 1551 1552 # Kwajalein 1553 1554 # In comp.risks 14.87 (26 August 1993), Peter Neumann writes: 1555 # I wonder what happened in Kwajalein, where there was NO Friday, 1556 # 1993-08-20. Thursday night at midnight Kwajalein switched sides with 1557 # respect to the International Date Line, to rejoin its fellow islands, 1558 # going from 11:59 p.m. Thursday to 12:00 m. Saturday in a blink. 1559 1560 1561 # N Mariana Is, Guam 1562 1563 # Howse writes (p 153) "The Spaniards, on the other hand, reached the 1564 # Philippines and the Ladrones from America," and implies that the Ladrones 1565 # (now called the Marianas) kept American date for quite some time. 1566 # For now, we assume the Ladrones switched at the same time as the Philippines; 1567 # see Asia/Manila. 1568 1569 # US Public Law 106-564 (2000-12-23) made UT +10 the official standard time, 1570 # under the name "Chamorro Standard Time". There is no official abbreviation, 1623 # Pitcairn 1624 1625 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08): 1626 # A Proclamation was signed by the Governor of Pitcairn on the 27th March 1998 1627 # with regard to Pitcairn Standard Time. The Proclamation is as follows. 1628 # 1629 # The local time for general purposes in the Islands shall be 1630 # Co-ordinated Universal time minus 8 hours and shall be known 1631 # as Pitcairn Standard Time. 1632 # 1633 # ... I have also seen Pitcairn listed as UTC minus 9 hours in several 1634 # references, and can only assume that this was an error in interpretation 1635 # somehow in light of this proclamation. 1636 1637 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-09): 1638 # The Proclamation regarding Pitcairn time came into effect on 27 April 1998 1639 # ... at midnight. 1640 1641 # From Howie Phelps (1999-11-10), who talked to a Pitcairner via shortwave: 1642 # Betty Christian told me yesterday that their local time is the same as 1643 # Pacific Standard Time. They used to be ½ hour different from us here in 1644 # Sacramento but it was changed a couple of years ago. 1645 1646 1647 # (Western) Samoa and American Samoa 1648 1649 # Howse writes (p 153) that after the 1879 standardization on Antipodean 1650 # time by the British governor of Fiji, the King of Samoa decided to change 1651 # "the date in his kingdom from the Antipodean to the American system, 1652 # ordaining - by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery - that 1653 # the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year." 1654 # This happened in 1892, according to the Evening News (Sydney) of 1892-07-20. 1655 # https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl.htm 1656 1657 # Although Shanks & Pottenger says they both switched to UT -11:30 1658 # in 1911, and to -11 in 1950. many earlier sources give -11 1659 # for American Samoa, e.g., the US National Bureau of Standards 1660 # circular "Standard Time Throughout the World", 1932. 1661 # Assume American Samoa switched to -11 in 1911, not 1950, 1662 # and that after 1950 they agreed until (western) Samoa skipped a 1663 # day in 2011. Assume also that the Samoas follow the US and New 1664 # Zealand's "ST"/"DT" style of daylight-saving abbreviations. 1665 1666 1667 # Tonga 1668 1669 # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22): 1670 # Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (p 1) reports that "Tonga has been plotting 1671 # to sneak ahead of [New Zealanders] by introducing daylight-saving time." 1672 # Since Kiribati has moved the Date Line it's not clear what Tonga will do. 1673 1674 # Don Mundell writes in the 1997-02-20 Tonga Chronicle 1675 # How Tonga became 'The Land where Time Begins': 1676 # http://www.tongatapu.net.to/tonga/homeland/timebegins.htm 1677 # 1678 # Until 1941 Tonga maintained a standard time 50 minutes ahead of NZST 1679 # 12 hours and 20 minutes ahead of GMT. When New Zealand adjusted its 1680 # standard time in 1940s, Tonga had the choice of subtracting from its 1681 # local time to come on the same standard time as New Zealand or of 1682 # advancing its time to maintain the differential of 13° 1683 # (approximately 50 minutes ahead of New Zealand time). 1684 # 1685 # Because His Majesty King Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, then Crown Prince 1686 # Tungī, preferred to ensure Tonga's title as the land where time 1687 # begins, the Legislative Assembly approved the latter change. 1688 # 1689 # But some of the older, more conservative members from the outer 1690 # islands objected. "If at midnight on Dec. 31, we move ahead 40 1691 # minutes, as your Royal Highness wishes, what becomes of the 40 1692 # minutes we have lost?" 1693 # 1694 # The Crown Prince, presented an unanswerable argument: "Remember that 1695 # on the World Day of Prayer, you would be the first people on Earth 1696 # to say your prayers in the morning." 1697 1698 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1699 # Shanks & Pottenger say the transition was on 1968-10-01; go with Mundell. 1700 1701 # From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-03): 1702 # Tonga's director of tourism, who is also secretary of the National Millennium |