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  23 #
  24 # <pre>
  25 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
  26 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
  27 
  28 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
  29 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
  30 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future).
  31 
  32 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
  33 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
  34 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
  35 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
  36 #
  37 # For data circa 1899, a common source is:
  38 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
  39 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
  40 #
  41 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
  42 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
  43 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
  44 # published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
  45 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
  46 #
  47 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
  48 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
  49 #
  50 # Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
  51 # ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
  52 # suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
  53 #       I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
  54 #       _daylight-saving time_.  _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
  55 #       in Europe and South America.
  56 #       -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
  57 #       H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
  58 #
  59 # Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
  60 # for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
  61 # "summer time".  Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in
  62 # the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
  63 #       The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
  64 #       Brazil.  Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the
  65 #       "official time" because Brasilia is the capital city.
  66 #       The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or
  67 #       "plus one" or "plus two".  As far as I know there is no such
  68 #       name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
  69 # So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
  70 # Corrections are welcome!
  71 #               std     dst
  72 #       -2:00   FNT     FNST    Fernando de Noronha
  73 #       -3:00   BRT     BRST    Brasilia
  74 #       -4:00   AMT     AMST    Amazon
  75 #       -5:00   ACT     ACST    Acre
  76 
  77 ###############################################################################
  78 
  79 ###############################################################################
  80 
  81 # Argentina
  82 
  83 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
  84 # Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
  85 # Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974.  Switches at midnight.
  86 
  87 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199):
  88 # ARGENTINA           3 H BEHIND   UTC
  89 
  90 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
  91 # I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
  92 # AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
  93 
  94 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
  95 Rule    Arg     1930    only    -       Dec      1      0:00    1:00    S
  96 Rule    Arg     1931    only    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
  97 Rule    Arg     1931    only    -       Oct     15      0:00    1:00    S
  98 Rule    Arg     1932    1940    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
  99 Rule    Arg     1932    1939    -       Nov      1      0:00    1:00    S
 100 Rule    Arg     1940    only    -       Jul      1      0:00    1:00    S
 101 Rule    Arg     1941    only    -       Jun     15      0:00    0       -
 102 Rule    Arg     1941    only    -       Oct     15      0:00    1:00    S
 103 Rule    Arg     1943    only    -       Aug      1      0:00    0       -
 104 Rule    Arg     1943    only    -       Oct     15      0:00    1:00    S
 105 Rule    Arg     1946    only    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
 106 Rule    Arg     1946    only    -       Oct      1      0:00    1:00    S
 107 Rule    Arg     1963    only    -       Oct      1      0:00    0       -
 108 Rule    Arg     1963    only    -       Dec     15      0:00    1:00    S
 109 Rule    Arg     1964    1966    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
 110 Rule    Arg     1964    1966    -       Oct     15      0:00    1:00    S
 111 Rule    Arg     1967    only    -       Apr      2      0:00    0       -
 112 Rule    Arg     1967    1968    -       Oct     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    S
 113 Rule    Arg     1968    1969    -       Apr     Sun>=1       0:00    0       -
 114 Rule    Arg     1974    only    -       Jan     23      0:00    1:00    S
 115 Rule    Arg     1974    only    -       May      1      0:00    0       -
 116 Rule    Arg     1988    only    -       Dec      1      0:00    1:00    S
 117 #
 118 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
 119 # These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
 120 # obtaining the data from the:
 121 # Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
 122 # (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
 123 Rule    Arg     1989    1993    -       Mar     Sun>=1       0:00    0       -
 124 Rule    Arg     1989    1992    -       Oct     Sun>=15      0:00    1:00    S
 125 #
 126 # From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
 127 # From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
 128 # time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
 129 # to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
 130 #
 131 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
 132 # On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
 133 # which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
 134 # from the International Date Line.
 135 Rule    Arg     1999    only    -       Oct     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    S
 136 # From Paul Eggert (2007-12-28):
 137 # DST was set to expire on March 5, not March 3, but since it was converted
 138 # to standard time on March 3 it's more convenient for us to pretend that
 139 # it ended on March 3.
 140 Rule    Arg     2000    only    -       Mar     3       0:00    0       -
 141 #
 142 # From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
 143 # We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of
 144 # Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
 145 # So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
 146 #
 147 # From Fabian L. Arce Jofre (2000-04-04):
 148 # The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando
 149 # de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy
 150 # in the winter time, rather than less.  The change took effect on March 3.
 151 #
 152 # From Mariano Absatz (2001-06-06):
 153 # one of the major newspapers here in Argentina said that the 1999
 154 # Timezone Law (which never was effectively applied) will (would?) be
 155 # in effect.... The article is at
 156 # http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-06/e-01701.htm
 157 # ... The Law itself is "Ley No 25155", sanctioned on 1999-08-25, enacted
 158 # 1999-09-17, and published 1999-09-21.  The official publication is at:
 159 # http://www.boletin.jus.gov.ar/BON/Primera/1999/09-Septiembre/21/PDF/BO21-09-99LEG.PDF
 160 # Regretfully, you have to subscribe (and pay) for the on-line version....
 161 #
 162 # (2001-06-12):
 163 # the timezone for Argentina will not change next Sunday.
 164 # Apparently it will do so on Sunday 24th....
 165 # http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-12/s-03501.htm
 166 #
 167 # (2001-06-25):
 168 # Last Friday (yes, the last working day before the date of the change), the
 169 # Senate annulled the 1999 law that introduced the changes later postponed.
 170 # http://www.clarin.com.ar/diario/2001-06-22/s-03601.htm
 171 # It remains the vote of the Deputies..., but it will be the same....
 172 # This kind of things had always been done this way in Argentina.
 173 # We are still -03:00 all year round in all of the country.
 174 #
 175 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-12-21):
 176 # A user (Leonardo Chaim) reported that Argentina will adopt DST....
 177 # all of the country (all Zone-entries) are affected.  News reports like
 178 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/opinion/nota.asp?nota_id=973037 indicate
 179 # that Argentina will use DST next year as well, from October to
 180 # March, although exact rules are not given.
 181 #
 182 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-12-26)
 183 # The last hurdle of Argentina DST is over, the proposal was approved in
 184 # the lower chamber too (Deputados) with a vote 192 for and 2 against.
 185 # By the way thanks to Mariano Absatz and Daniel Mario Vega for the link to
 186 # the original scanned proposal, where the dates and the zero hours are
 187 # clear and unambiguous...This is the article about final approval:
 188 # <a href="http://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/nota.asp?nota_id=973996">
 189 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/nota.asp?nota_id=973996
 190 # </a>
 191 #
 192 # From Paul Eggert (2007-12-22):
 193 # For dates after mid-2008, the following rules are my guesses and
 194 # are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
 195 
 196 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-09-05):
 197 # As per message from Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz (Nicaragua),
 198 # Argentina will start DST on Sunday October 19, 2008.
 199 #
 200 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina03.html">
 201 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina03.html
 202 # </a>
 203 # OR
 204 # <a href="http://www.impulsobaires.com.ar/nota.php?id=57832 (in spanish)">
 205 # http://www.impulsobaires.com.ar/nota.php?id=57832 (in spanish)
 206 # </a>
 207 
 208 # From Rodrigo Severo (2008-10-06):
 209 # Here is some info available at a Gentoo bug related to TZ on Argentina's DST:
 210 # ...
 211 # ------- Comment #1 from [jmdocile]  2008-10-06 16:28 0000 -------
 212 # Hi, there is a problem with timezone-data-2008e and maybe with
 213 # timezone-data-2008f
 214 # Argentinian law [Number] 25.155 is no longer valid.
 215 # <a href="http://www.infoleg.gov.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/60000-64999/60036/norma.htm">
 216 # http://www.infoleg.gov.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/60000-64999/60036/norma.htm
 217 # </a>
 218 # The new one is law [Number] 26.350
 219 # <a href="http://www.infoleg.gov.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/135000-139999/136191/norma.htm">
 220 # http://www.infoleg.gov.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/135000-139999/136191/norma.htm
 221 # </a>
 222 # So there is no summer time in Argentina for now.
 223 
 224 # From Mariano Absatz (2008-10-20):
 225 # Decree 1693/2008 applies Law 26.350 for the summer 2008/2009 establishing DST in Argentina
 226 # From 2008-10-19 until 2009-03-15
 227 # <a href="http://www.boletinoficial.gov.ar/Bora.Portal/CustomControls/PdfContent.aspx?fp=16102008&pi=3&pf=4&s=0&sec=01">
 228 # http://www.boletinoficial.gov.ar/Bora.Portal/CustomControls/PdfContent.aspx?fp=16102008&pi=3&pf=4&s=0&sec=01
 229 # </a>
 230 #
 231 # Decree 1705/2008 excepting 12 Provinces from applying DST in the summer 2008/2009:
 232 # Catamarca, La Rioja, Mendoza, Salta, San Juan, San Luis, La Pampa, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz
 233 # and Tierra del Fuego
 234 # <a href="http://www.boletinoficial.gov.ar/Bora.Portal/CustomControls/PdfContent.aspx?fp=17102008&pi=1&pf=1&s=0&sec=01">
 235 # http://www.boletinoficial.gov.ar/Bora.Portal/CustomControls/PdfContent.aspx?fp=17102008&pi=1&pf=1&s=0&sec=01
 236 # </a>
 237 #
 238 # Press release 235 dated Saturday October 18th, from the Government of the Province of Jujuy saying
 239 # it will not apply DST either (even when it was not included in Decree 1705/2008)
 240 # <a href="http://www.jujuy.gov.ar/index2/partes_prensa/18_10_08/235-181008.doc">
 241 # http://www.jujuy.gov.ar/index2/partes_prensa/18_10_08/235-181008.doc
 242 # </a>
 243 
 244 # From fullinet (2009-10-18):
 245 # As announced in
 246 # <a hef="http://www.argentina.gob.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=356">
 247 # http://www.argentina.gob.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=356
 248 # </a>
 249 # (an official .gob.ar) under title: "Sin Cambio de Hora" (english: "No hour change")
 250 #
 251 # "Por el momento, el Gobierno Nacional resolvio no modificar la hora
 252 # oficial, decision que estaba en estudio para su implementacion el
 253 # domingo 18 de octubre. Desde el Ministerio de Planificacion se anuncio
 254 # que la Argentina hoy, en estas condiciones meteorologicas, no necesita
 255 # la modificacion del huso horario, ya que 2009 nos encuentra con
 256 # crecimiento en la produccion y distribucion energetica."
 257 
 258 Rule    Arg     2007    only    -       Dec     30      0:00    1:00    S
 259 Rule    Arg     2008    2009    -       Mar     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
 260 Rule    Arg     2008    only    -       Oct     Sun>=15      0:00    1:00    S
 261 
 262 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-05-21):
 263 # Today it was officially published that the Province of Mendoza is changing
 264 # its timezone this winter... starting tomorrow night....
 265 # http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040521-27158-normas.pdf
 266 # From Paul Eggert (2004-05-24):
 267 # It's Law No. 7,210.  This change is due to a public power emergency, so for
 268 # now we'll assume it's for this year only.
 269 #
 270 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
 271 # <a href="http://www.spicasc.net/horvera.html">
 272 # Hora de verano para la Republica Argentina (2003-06-08)
 273 # </a> says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31
 274 # to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25.  Go with this more-precise value
 275 # over Shanks & Pottenger.
 276 #
 277 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-05):
 278 # These media articles from a major newspaper mostly cover the current state:
 279 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/27/de_604825.asp
 280 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/28/de_605203.asp
 281 #
 282 # The following eight (8) provinces pulled clocks back to UTC-04:00 at
 283 # midnight Monday May 31st. (that is, the night between 05/31 and 06/01).
 284 # Apparently, all nine provinces would go back to UTC-03:00 at the same
 285 # time in October 17th.
 286 #
 287 # Catamarca, Chubut, La Rioja, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz,
 288 # Tierra del Fuego, Tucuman.
 289 #
 290 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-14):
 291 # ... this weekend, the Province of Tucuman decided it'd go back to UTC-03:00
 292 # yesterday midnight (that is, at 24:00 Saturday 12th), since the people's
 293 # annoyance with the change is much higher than the power savings obtained....
 294 #
 295 # From Gwillim Law (2004-06-14):
 296 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/06/10/de_609078.asp ...
 297 #     "The time change in Tierra del Fuego was a conflicted decision from
 298 #   the start.  The government had decreed that the measure would take
 299 #   effect on June 1, but a normative error forced the new time to begin
 300 #   three days earlier, from a Saturday to a Sunday....
 301 # Our understanding was that the change was originally scheduled to take place
 302 # on June 1 at 00:00 in Chubut, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego (and some other
 303 # provinces).  Sunday was May 30, only two days earlier.  So the article
 304 # contains a contradiction.  I would give more credence to the Saturday/Sunday
 305 # date than the "three days earlier" phrase, and conclude that Tierra del
 306 # Fuego set its clocks back at 2004-05-30 00:00.
 307 #
 308 # From Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-05):
 309 # The previous law 7210 which changed the province of Mendoza's time zone
 310 # back in May have been modified slightly in a new law 7277, which set the
 311 # new end date to 2004-09-26 (original date was 2004-10-17).
 312 # http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040924-27244-normas.pdf
 313 #
 314 # From Mariano Absatz (2004-10-05):
 315 # San Juan changed from UTC-03:00 to UTC-04:00 at midnight between
 316 # Sunday, May 30th and Monday, May 31st.  It changed back to UTC-03:00
 317 # at midnight between Saturday, July 24th and Sunday, July 25th....
 318 # http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000329.html
 319 # http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000426.html
 320 # http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000441.html
 321 
 322 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-01-17):
 323 # Here are articles that Argentina Province San Luis is planning to end DST
 324 # as earlier as upcoming Monday January 21, 2008 or February 2008:
 325 #
 326 # Provincia argentina retrasa reloj y marca diferencia con resto del pais
 327 # (Argentine Province delayed clock and mark difference with the rest of the
 328 # country)
 329 # <a href="http://cl.invertia.com/noticias/noticia.aspx?idNoticia=200801171849_EFE_ET4373&idtel">
 330 # http://cl.invertia.com/noticias/noticia.aspx?idNoticia=200801171849_EFE_ET4373&idtel
 331 # </a>
 332 #
 333 # Es inminente que en San Luis atrasen una hora los relojes
 334 # (It is imminent in San Luis clocks one hour delay)
 335 # <a href="http://www.lagaceta.com.ar/vernotae.asp?id_nota=253414">
 336 # http://www.lagaceta.com.ar/vernotae.asp?id_nota=253414
 337 # </a>
 338 #
 339 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_argentina02.html">
 340 # http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_argentina02.html
 341 # </a>
 342 
 343 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2008-01-18):
 344 # The page of the San Luis provincial government
 345 # <a href="http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=0&id=22812">
 346 # http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=0&id=22812
 347 # </a>
 348 # confirms what Alex Krivenyshev has earlier sent to the tz
 349 # emailing list about that San Luis plans to return to standard
 350 # time much earlier than the rest of the country. It also
 351 # confirms that upon request the provinces San Juan and Mendoza
 352 # refused to follow San Luis in this change.
 353 #
 354 # The change is supposed to take place Monday the 21.st at 0:00
 355 # hours. As far as I understand it if this goes ahead, we need
 356 # a new timezone for San Luis (although there are also documented
 357 # independent changes in the southamerica file of San Luis in
 358 # 1990 and 1991 which has not been confirmed).
 359 
 360 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2008-01-25):
 361 # Unfortunately the below page has become defunct, about the San Luis
 362 # time change. Perhaps because it now is part of a group of pages "Most
 363 # important pages of 2008."
 364 #
 365 # You can use
 366 # <a href="http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=8141&id=22834">
 367 # http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=8141&id=22834
 368 # </a>
 369 # instead it seems. Or use "Buscador" from the main page of the San Luis
 370 # government, and fill in "huso" and click OK, and you will get 3 pages
 371 # from which the first one is identical to the above.
 372 
 373 # From Mariano Absatz (2008-01-28):
 374 # I can confirm that the Province of San Luis (and so far only that
 375 # province) decided to go back to UTC-3 effective midnight Jan 20th 2008
 376 # (that is, Monday 21st at 0:00 is the time the clocks were delayed back
 377 # 1 hour), and they intend to keep UTC-3 as their timezone all year round
 378 # (that is, unless they change their mind any minute now).
 379 #
 380 # So we'll have to add yet another city to 'southamerica' (I think San
 381 # Luis city is the mos populated city in the Province, so it'd be
 382 # America/Argentina/San_Luis... of course I can't remember if San Luis's
 383 # history of particular changes goes along with Mendoza or San Juan :-(
 384 # (I only remember not being able to collect hard facts about San Luis
 385 # back in 2004, when these provinces changed to UTC-4 for a few days, I
 386 # mailed them personally and never got an answer).
 387 
 388 # From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30):
 389 # Unless otherwise specified, data are from Shanks & Pottenger through 1992,
 390 # from the IATA otherwise.  As noted below, Shanks & Pottenger say that
 391 # America/Cordoba split into 6 subregions during 1991/1992, one of which
 392 # was America/San_Luis, but we haven't verified this yet so for now we'll
 393 # keep America/Cordoba a single region rather than splitting it into the
 394 # other 5 subregions.
 395 
 396 # From Mariano Absatz (2009-03-13):
 397 # Yesterday (with our usual 2-day notice) the Province of San Luis
 398 # decided that next Sunday instead of "staying" @utc-03:00 they will go
 399 # to utc-04:00 until the second Saturday in October...
 400 #
 401 # The press release is at
 402 # <a href="http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/SL/Paginas/NoticiaDetalle.asp?TemaId=1&InfoPrensaId=3102">
 403 # http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/SL/Paginas/NoticiaDetalle.asp?TemaId=1&InfoPrensaId=3102
 404 # </a>
 405 # (I couldn't find the decree, but
 406 # <a href="http://www.sanluis.gov.ar">
 407 # www.sanluis.gov.ar
 408 # <a/>
 409 # is the official page for the Province Government).
 410 #
 411 # There's also a note in only one of the major national papers ...
 412 # http://www.lanacion.com.ar/nota.asp?nota_id=1107912
 413 #
 414 # The press release says [quick and dirty translation]:
 415 # ... announced that next Sunday, at 00:00, Puntanos (the San Luis
 416 # inhabitants) will have to turn back one hour their clocks
 417 #
 418 # Since then, San Luis will establish its own Province timezone. Thus,
 419 # during 2009, this timezone change will run from 00:00 the third Sunday
 420 # in March until 24:00 of the second Saturday in October.
 421 
 422 # From Mariano Absatz (2009-10-16):
 423 # ...the Province of San Luis is a case in itself.
 424 #
 425 # The Law at
 426 # <a href="http://www.diputadossanluis.gov.ar/diputadosasp/paginas/verNorma.asp?NormaID=276>"
 427 # http://www.diputadossanluis.gov.ar/diputadosasp/paginas/verNorma.asp?NormaID=276
 428 # </a>
 429 # is ambiguous because establishes a calendar from the 2nd Sunday in
 430 # October at 0:00 thru the 2nd Saturday in March at 24:00 and the
 431 # complement of that starting on the 2nd Sunday of March at 0:00 and
 432 # ending on the 2nd Saturday of March at 24:00.
 433 #
 434 # This clearly breaks every time the 1st of March or October is a Sunday.
 435 #
 436 # IMHO, the "spirit of the Law" is to make the changes at 0:00 on the 2nd
 437 # Sunday of October and March.
 438 #
 439 # The problem is that the changes in the rest of the Provinces that did
 440 # change in 2007/2008, were made according to the Federal Law and Decrees
 441 # that did so on the 3rd Sunday of October and March.
 442 #
 443 # In fact, San Luis actually switched from UTC-4 to UTC-3 last Sunday
 444 # (October 11th) at 0:00.
 445 #
 446 # So I guess a new set of rules, besides "Arg", must be made and the last
 447 # America/Argentina/San_Luis entries should change to use these...
 448 #
 449 # I'm enclosing a patch that does what I say... regretfully, the San Luis
 450 # timezone must be called "WART/WARST" even when most of the time (like,
 451 # right now) WARST == ART... that is, since last Sunday, all the country
 452 # is using UTC-3, but in my patch, San Luis calls it "WARST" and the rest
 453 # of the country calls it "ART".
 454 # ...
 455 
 456 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-09):
 457 # According to news reports from El Diario de la Republica Province San
 458 # Luis, Argentina (standard time UTC-04) will keep Daylight Saving Time
 459 # after April 11, 2010--will continue to have same time as rest of
 460 # Argentina (UTC-3) (no DST).
 461 #
 462 # Confirmaron la pr&oacute;rroga del huso horario de verano (Spanish)
 463 # <a href="http://www.eldiariodelarepublica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=29383&Itemid=9">
 464 # http://www.eldiariodelarepublica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=29383&Itemid=9
 465 # </a>
 466 # or (some English translation):
 467 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina08.html">
 468 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina08.html
 469 # </a>
 470 
 471 # From Mariano Absatz (2010-04-12):
 472 # yes...I can confirm this...and given that San Luis keeps calling
 473 # UTC-03:00 "summer time", we should't just let San Luis go back to "Arg"
 474 # rules...San Luis is still using "Western ARgentina Time" and it got
 475 # stuck on Summer daylight savings time even though the summer is over.
 476 
 477 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
 478 # Milne says Cordoba time was -4:16:48.2.  Round to the nearest second.
 479 
 480 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 481 #
 482 # Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF),
 483 Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
 484                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
 485                         -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 486                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 487                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 488                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 489                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT
 490 #
 491 # Cordoba (CB), Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN),
 492 # Chaco (CC), Formosa (FM), Santiago del Estero (SE)
 493 #
 494 # Shanks & Pottenger also make the following claims, which we haven't verified:
 495 # - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07.
 496 # - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29.
 497 # - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04.
 498 # - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01,
 499 #   then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26.
 500 #
 501 Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT   1894 Oct 31
 502                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 503                         -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 504                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 505                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1991 Mar  3
 506                         -4:00   -       WART    1991 Oct 20
 507                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 508                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 509                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT
 510 #
 511 # Salta (SA), La Pampa (LP), Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
 512 Zone America/Argentina/Salta -4:21:40 - LMT     1894 Oct 31
 513                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 514                         -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 515                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 516                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1991 Mar  3
 517                         -4:00   -       WART    1991 Oct 20
 518                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 519                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 520                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Oct 18
 521                         -3:00   -       ART
 522 #
 523 # Tucuman (TM)
 524 Zone America/Argentina/Tucuman -4:20:52 - LMT   1894 Oct 31
 525                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 526                         -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 527                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 528                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1991 Mar  3
 529                         -4:00   -       WART    1991 Oct 20
 530                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 531                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 532                         -3:00   -       ART     2004 Jun  1
 533                         -4:00   -       WART    2004 Jun 13
 534                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT
 535 #
 536 # La Rioja (LR)
 537 Zone America/Argentina/La_Rioja -4:27:24 - LMT  1894 Oct 31
 538                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 539                         -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 540                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 541                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1991 Mar  1
 542                         -4:00   -       WART    1991 May  7
 543                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 544                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 545                         -3:00   -       ART     2004 Jun  1
 546                         -4:00   -       WART    2004 Jun 20
 547                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Oct 18
 548                         -3:00   -       ART
 549 #
 550 # San Juan (SJ)
 551 Zone America/Argentina/San_Juan -4:34:04 - LMT  1894 Oct 31
 552                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 553                         -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 554                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 555                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1991 Mar  1
 556                         -4:00   -       WART    1991 May  7
 557                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 558                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 559                         -3:00   -       ART     2004 May 31
 560                         -4:00   -       WART    2004 Jul 25
 561                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Oct 18
 562                         -3:00   -       ART
 563 #
 564 # Jujuy (JY)
 565 Zone America/Argentina/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT     1894 Oct 31
 566                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 567                         -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 568                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 569                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1990 Mar  4
 570                         -4:00   -       WART    1990 Oct 28
 571                         -4:00   1:00    WARST   1991 Mar 17
 572                         -4:00   -       WART    1991 Oct  6
 573                         -3:00   1:00    ARST    1992
 574                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 575                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 576                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Oct 18
 577                         -3:00   -       ART
 578 #
 579 # Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH)
 580 Zone America/Argentina/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
 581                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 582                         -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 583                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 584                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1991 Mar  3
 585                         -4:00   -       WART    1991 Oct 20
 586                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 587                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 588                         -3:00   -       ART     2004 Jun  1
 589                         -4:00   -       WART    2004 Jun 20
 590                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Oct 18
 591                         -3:00   -       ART
 592 #
 593 # Mendoza (MZ)
 594 Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT   1894 Oct 31
 595                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 596                         -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 597                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 598                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1990 Mar  4
 599                         -4:00   -       WART    1990 Oct 15
 600                         -4:00   1:00    WARST   1991 Mar  1
 601                         -4:00   -       WART    1991 Oct 15
 602                         -4:00   1:00    WARST   1992 Mar  1
 603                         -4:00   -       WART    1992 Oct 18
 604                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 605                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 606                         -3:00   -       ART     2004 May 23
 607                         -4:00   -       WART    2004 Sep 26
 608                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Oct 18
 609                         -3:00   -       ART
 610 #
 611 # San Luis (SL)
 612 
 613 Rule    SanLuis 2008    2009    -       Mar     Sun>=8       0:00    0       -
 614 Rule    SanLuis 2007    2009    -       Oct     Sun>=8       0:00    1:00    S
 615 
 616 Zone America/Argentina/San_Luis -4:25:24 - LMT  1894 Oct 31
 617                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May
 618                         -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 619                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 620                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1990
 621                         -3:00   1:00    ARST    1990 Mar 14
 622                         -4:00   -       WART    1990 Oct 15
 623                         -4:00   1:00    WARST   1991 Mar  1
 624                         -4:00   -       WART    1991 Jun  1
 625                         -3:00   -       ART     1999 Oct  3
 626                         -4:00   1:00    WARST   2000 Mar  3
 627                         -3:00   -       ART     2004 May 31
 628                         -4:00   -       WART    2004 Jul 25
 629                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Jan 21
 630                         -4:00   SanLuis WAR%sT
 631 #
 632 # Santa Cruz (SC)
 633 Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
 634                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
 635                         -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 636                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 637                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 638                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 639                         -3:00   -       ART     2004 Jun  1
 640                         -4:00   -       WART    2004 Jun 20
 641                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Oct 18
 642                         -3:00   -       ART
 643 #
 644 # Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF)
 645 Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
 646                         -4:16:48 -      CMT     1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
 647                         -4:00   -       ART     1930 Dec
 648                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   1969 Oct  5
 649                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   1999 Oct  3
 650                         -4:00   Arg     AR%sT   2000 Mar  3
 651                         -3:00   -       ART     2004 May 30
 652                         -4:00   -       WART    2004 Jun 20
 653                         -3:00   Arg     AR%sT   2008 Oct 18
 654                         -3:00   -       ART
 655 
 656 # Aruba
 657 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 658 Zone    America/Aruba   -4:40:24 -      LMT     1912 Feb 12     # Oranjestad
 659                         -4:30   -       ANT     1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
 660                         -4:00   -       AST
 661 
 662 # Bolivia
 663 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
 664 Zone    America/La_Paz  -4:32:36 -      LMT     1890
 665                         -4:32:36 -      CMT     1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT
 666                         -4:32:36 1:00   BOST    1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
 667                         -4:00   -       BOT     # Bolivia Time
 668 
 669 # Brazil
 670 
 671 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
 672 # The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
 673 # just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
 674 # The rule change lasted only part of the day;
 675 # the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
 676 # was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
 677 
 678 # From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
 679 # _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
 680 # Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
 681 # Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO),
 682 # Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
 683 # [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
 684 
 685 # From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
 686 # Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other
 687 # sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
 688 # always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
 689 # The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91.  Each issue from then until
 690 # 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
 691 # along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
 692 # (UTC-4)....  The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
 693 # UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
 694 # UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
 695 # become part of the state of Pernambuco).  The boundary between BR1 and BR2
 696 # has never been clearly stated.  They've simply been called East and West.
 697 # However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
 698 # Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil.  For each
 699 # airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM.  From that
 700 # information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE),
 701 # Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do
 702 # Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
 703 
 704 # From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
 705 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html">
 706 # Brazilian official page
 707 # </a>
 708 
 709 # From Jesper Norgaard (2000-11-03):
 710 # [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:]
 711 # http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm
 712 # http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm
 713 
 714 # From Celso Doria via David Madeo (2002-10-09):
 715 # The reason for the delay this year has to do with elections in Brazil.
 716 #
 717 # Unlike in the United States, elections in Brazil are 100% computerized and
 718 # the results are known almost immediately.  Yesterday, it was the first
 719 # round of the elections when 115 million Brazilians voted for President,
 720 # Governor, Senators, Federal Deputies, and State Deputies.  Nobody is
 721 # counting (or re-counting) votes anymore and we know there will be a second
 722 # round for the Presidency and also for some Governors.  The 2nd round will
 723 # take place on October 27th.
 724 #
 725 # The reason why the DST will only begin November 3rd is that the thousands
 726 # of electoral machines used cannot have their time changed, and since the
 727 # Constitution says the elections must begin at 8:00 AM and end at 5:00 PM,
 728 # the Government decided to postpone DST, instead of changing the Constitution
 729 # (maybe, for the next elections, it will be possible to change the clock)...
 730 
 731 # From Rodrigo Severo (2004-10-04):
 732 # It's just the biannual change made necessary by the much hyped, supposedly
 733 # modern Brazilian eletronic voting machines which, apparently, can't deal
 734 # with a time change between the first and the second rounds of the elections.
 735 
 736 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-20):
 737 # Brazil will start DST on 2007-10-14 00:00 and end on 2008-02-17 00:00:
 738 # http://www.mme.gov.br/site/news/detail.do;jsessionid=BBA06811AFCAAC28F0285210913513DA?newsId=13975
 739 
 740 # From Paul Schulze (2008-06-24):
 741 # ...by law number 11.662 of April 24, 2008 (published in the "Diario
 742 # Oficial da Uniao"...) in Brazil there are changes in the timezones,
 743 # effective today (00:00am at June 24, 2008) as follows:
 744 #
 745 # a) The timezone UTC+5 is e[x]tinguished, with all the Acre state and the
 746 # part of the Amazonas state that had this timezone now being put to the
 747 # timezone UTC+4
 748 # b) The whole Para state now is put at timezone UTC+3, instead of just
 749 # part of it, as was before.
 750 #
 751 # This change follows a proposal of senator Tiao Viana of Acre state, that
 752 # proposed it due to concerns about open television channels displaying
 753 # programs inappropriate to youths in the states that had the timezone
 754 # UTC+5 too early in the night. In the occasion, some more corrections
 755 # were proposed, trying to unify the timezones of any given state. This
 756 # change modifies timezone rules defined in decree 2.784 of 18 June,
 757 # 1913.
 758 
 759 # From Rodrigo Severo (2008-06-24):
 760 # Just correcting the URL:
 761 # <a href="https://www.in.gov.br/imprensa/visualiza/index.jsp?jornal=do&secao=1&pagina=1&data=25/04/2008">
 762 # https://www.in.gov.br/imprensa/visualiza/index.jsp?jornal=do&secao=1&pagina=1&data=25/04/2008
 763 # </a>
 764 #
 765 # As a result of the above Decree I believe the America/Rio_Branco
 766 # timezone shall be modified from UTC-5 to UTC-4 and a new timezone shall
 767 # be created to represent the...west side of the Para State. I
 768 # suggest this new timezone be called Santarem as the most
 769 # important/populated city in the affected area.
 770 #
 771 # This new timezone would be the same as the Rio_Branco timezone up to
 772 # the 2008/06/24 change which would be to UTC-3 instead of UTC-4.
 773 
 774 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-24):
 775 # This is a quick reference page for New and Old Brazil Time Zones map.
 776 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/brazil-time-new-old.php">
 777 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/brazil-time-new-old.php
 778 # </a>
 779 #
 780 # - 4 time zones replaced by 3 time zones-eliminating time zone UTC- 05
 781 # (state Acre and the part of the Amazonas will be UTC/GMT- 04) - western
 782 # part of Par state is moving to one timezone UTC- 03 (from UTC -04).
 783 
 784 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-10):
 785 # The official decrees referenced below are mostly taken from
 786 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
 787 # Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
 788 # </a>.
 789 
 790 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-29):
 791 # As announced by the government and many newspapers in Brazil late
 792 # yesterday, Brazil will start DST on 2008-10-19 (need to change rule) and
 793 # it will end on 2009-02-15 (current rule for Brazil is fine). Based on
 794 # past years experience with the elections, there was a good chance that
 795 # the start was postponed to November, but it did not happen this year.
 796 #
 797 # It has not yet been posted to http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html
 798 #
 799 # An official page about it:
 800 # <a href="http://www.mme.gov.br/site/news/detail.do?newsId=16722">
 801 # http://www.mme.gov.br/site/news/detail.do?newsId=16722
 802 # </a>
 803 # Note that this link does not always work directly, but must be accessed
 804 # by going to
 805 # <a href="http://www.mme.gov.br/first">
 806 # http://www.mme.gov.br/first
 807 # </a>
 808 #
 809 # One example link that works directly:
 810 # <a href="http://jornale.com.br/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=13530&Itemid=54">
 811 # http://jornale.com.br/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=13530&Itemid=54
 812 # (Portuguese)
 813 # </a>
 814 #
 815 # We have a written a short article about it as well:
 816 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-dst-2008-2009.html">
 817 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-dst-2008-2009.html
 818 # </a>
 819 #
 820 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-04):
 821 # State Bahia will return to Daylight savings time this year after 8 years off.
 822 # The announcement was made by Governor Jaques Wagner in an interview to a
 823 # television station in Salvador.
 824 
 825 # In Portuguese:
 826 # <a href="http://g1.globo.com/bahia/noticia/2011/10/governador-jaques-wagner-confirma-horario-de-verao-na-bahia.html">
 827 # http://g1.globo.com/bahia/noticia/2011/10/governador-jaques-wagner-confirma-horario-de-verao-na-bahia.html
 828 # </a> and
 829 # <a href="http://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI5390887-EI8139,00-Bahia+volta+a+ter+horario+de+verao+apos+oito+anos.html">
 830 # http://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI5390887-EI8139,00-Bahia+volta+a+ter+horario+de+verao+apos+oito+anos.html
 831 # </a>
 832 
 833 # From Guilherme Bernardes Rodrigues (2011-10-07):
 834 # There is news in the media, however there is still no decree about it.
 835 # I just send a e-mail to Zulmira Brandao at
 836 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/">http://pcdsh01.on.br/</a> the
 837 # official agency about time in Brazil, and she confirmed that the old rule is
 838 # still in force.
 839 
 840 # From Guilherme Bernardes Rodrigues (2011-10-14)
 841 # It's official, the President signed a decree that includes Bahia in summer
 842 # time.
 843 #        [ and in a second message (same day): ]
 844 # I found the decree.
 845 #
 846 # DECRETO No- 7.584, DE 13 DE OUTUBRO DE 2011
 847 # Link :
 848 # <a href="http://www.in.gov.br/visualiza/index.jsp?data=13/10/2011&jornal=1000&pagina=6&totalArquivos=6">
 849 # http://www.in.gov.br/visualiza/index.jsp?data=13/10/2011&jornal=1000&pagina=6&totalArquivos=6
 850 # </a>
 851 
 852 # From Kelley Cook (2012-10-16):
 853 # The governor of state of Bahia in Brazil announced on Thursday that
 854 # due to public pressure, he is reversing the DST policy they implemented
 855 # last year and will not be going to Summer Time on October 21st....
 856 # http://www.correio24horas.com.br/r/artigo/apos-pressoes-wagner-suspende-horario-de-verao-na-bahia
 857 
 858 # From Rodrigo Severo (2012-10-16):
 859 # Tocantins state will have DST.
 860 # http://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI6232536-EI306.html
 861 
 862 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 863 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
 864 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
 865 Rule    Brazil  1931    only    -       Oct      3      11:00   1:00    S
 866 Rule    Brazil  1932    1933    -       Apr      1       0:00   0       -
 867 Rule    Brazil  1932    only    -       Oct      3       0:00   1:00    S
 868 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10)
 869 # revoked DST.
 870 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24)
 871 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13)
 872 Rule    Brazil  1949    1952    -       Dec      1       0:00   1:00    S
 873 Rule    Brazil  1950    only    -       Apr     16       1:00   0       -
 874 Rule    Brazil  1951    1952    -       Apr      1       0:00   0       -
 875 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24)
 876 Rule    Brazil  1953    only    -       Mar      1       0:00   0       -
 877 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30)
 878 # revoked DST.
 879 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18)
 880 # established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
 881 # in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
 882 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03)
 883 # extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
 884 Rule    Brazil  1963    only    -       Dec      9       0:00   1:00    S
 885 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25)
 886 # extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
 887 Rule    Brazil  1964    only    -       Mar      1       0:00   0       -
 888 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27)
 889 Rule    Brazil  1965    only    -       Jan     31       0:00   1:00    S
 890 Rule    Brazil  1965    only    -       Mar     31       0:00   0       -
 891 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22)
 892 Rule    Brazil  1965    only    -       Dec      1       0:00   1:00    S
 893 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18)
 894 Rule    Brazil  1966    1968    -       Mar      1       0:00   0       -
 895 Rule    Brazil  1966    1967    -       Nov      1       0:00   1:00    S
 896 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15)
 897 # revoked DST.
 898 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27)
 899 Rule    Brazil  1985    only    -       Nov      2       0:00   1:00    S
 900 # Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
 901 # Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
 902 Rule    Brazil  1986    only    -       Mar     15       0:00   0       -
 903 # Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
 904 Rule    Brazil  1986    only    -       Oct     25       0:00   1:00    S
 905 Rule    Brazil  1987    only    -       Feb     14       0:00   0       -
 906 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22)
 907 Rule    Brazil  1987    only    -       Oct     25       0:00   1:00    S
 908 Rule    Brazil  1988    only    -       Feb      7       0:00   0       -
 909 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12)
 910 # except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
 911 Rule    Brazil  1988    only    -       Oct     16       0:00   1:00    S
 912 Rule    Brazil  1989    only    -       Jan     29       0:00   0       -
 913 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21)
 914 # with the same exceptions
 915 Rule    Brazil  1989    only    -       Oct     15       0:00   1:00    S
 916 Rule    Brazil  1990    only    -       Feb     11       0:00   0       -
 917 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17)
 918 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
 919 # Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
 920 Rule    Brazil  1990    only    -       Oct     21       0:00   1:00    S
 921 Rule    Brazil  1991    only    -       Feb     17       0:00   0       -
 922 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25)
 923 # adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
 924 Rule    Brazil  1991    only    -       Oct     20       0:00   1:00    S
 925 Rule    Brazil  1992    only    -       Feb      9       0:00   0       -
 926 # <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16)
 927 # adopted by same states.
 928 Rule    Brazil  1992    only    -       Oct     25       0:00   1:00    S
 929 Rule    Brazil  1993    only    -       Jan     31       0:00   0       -
 930 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28)
 931 # adopted by same states, plus AM.
 932 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22;
 933 # web page corrected 2004-01-07) adopted by same states, minus AM.
 934 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14)
 935 # adopted by same states, plus MT and TO.
 936 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13)
 937 # adds AL, SE.
 938 Rule    Brazil  1993    1995    -       Oct     Sun>=11       0:00   1:00    S
 939 Rule    Brazil  1994    1995    -       Feb     Sun>=15       0:00   0       -
 940 Rule    Brazil  1996    only    -       Feb     11       0:00   0       -
 941 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04)
 942 # adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
 943 Rule    Brazil  1996    only    -       Oct      6       0:00   1:00    S
 944 Rule    Brazil  1997    only    -       Feb     16       0:00   0       -
 945 # From Daniel C. Sobral (1998-02-12):
 946 # In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
 947 # because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
 948 # they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
 949 # This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
 950 # to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
 951 #
 952 # Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
 953 Rule    Brazil  1997    only    -       Oct      6       0:00   1:00    S
 954 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
 955 # (1998-02-10)
 956 Rule    Brazil  1998    only    -       Mar      1       0:00   0       -
 957 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11)
 958 # adopted by the same states as before.
 959 Rule    Brazil  1998    only    -       Oct     11       0:00   1:00    S
 960 Rule    Brazil  1999    only    -       Feb     21       0:00   0       -
 961 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a>
 962 # (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
 963 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30)
 964 # adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
 965 Rule    Brazil  1999    only    -       Oct      3       0:00   1:00    S
 966 Rule    Brazil  2000    only    -       Feb     27       0:00   0       -
 967 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06)
 968 # adopted by the same states as before.
 969 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg">3,630</a> (2000-10-13)
 970 # repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
 971 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg">3,632</a> (2000-10-17)
 972 # repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
 973 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif">3,916</a>
 974 # (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
 975 Rule    Brazil  2000    2001    -       Oct     Sun>=8        0:00   1:00    S
 976 Rule    Brazil  2001    2006    -       Feb     Sun>=15       0:00   0       -
 977 # Decree 4,399 (2002-10-01) repeals DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
 978 # <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2002/D4399.htm">4,399</a>
 979 Rule    Brazil  2002    only    -       Nov      3       0:00   1:00    S
 980 # Decree 4,844 (2003-09-24; corrected 2003-09-26) repeals DST in BA, MT, TO.
 981 # <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2003/D4844.htm">4,844</a>
 982 Rule    Brazil  2003    only    -       Oct     19       0:00   1:00    S
 983 # Decree 5,223 (2004-10-01) reestablishes DST in MT.
 984 # <a href="http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2004/Decreto/D5223.htm">5,223</a>
 985 Rule    Brazil  2004    only    -       Nov      2       0:00   1:00    S
 986 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5539.gif">5,539</a> (2005-09-19),
 987 # adopted by the same states as before.
 988 Rule    Brazil  2005    only    -       Oct     16       0:00   1:00    S
 989 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5920.gif">5,920</a> (2006-10-03),
 990 # adopted by the same states as before.
 991 Rule    Brazil  2006    only    -       Nov      5       0:00   1:00    S
 992 Rule    Brazil  2007    only    -       Feb     25       0:00   0       -
 993 # Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV6212.gif">6,212</a> (2007-09-26),
 994 # adopted by the same states as before.
 995 Rule    Brazil  2007    only    -       Oct     Sun>=8        0:00   1:00    S
 996 # From Frederico A. C. Neves (2008-09-10):
 997 # Acording to this decree
 998 # <a href="http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2007-2010/2008/Decreto/D6558.htm">
 999 # http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2007-2010/2008/Decreto/D6558.htm
1000 # </a>
1001 # [t]he DST period in Brazil now on will be from the 3rd Oct Sunday to the
1002 # 3rd Feb Sunday. There is an exception on the return date when this is
1003 # the Carnival Sunday then the return date will be the next Sunday...
1004 Rule    Brazil  2008    max     -       Oct     Sun>=15      0:00    1:00    S
1005 Rule    Brazil  2008    2011    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
1006 Rule    Brazil  2012    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
1007 Rule    Brazil  2013    2014    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
1008 Rule    Brazil  2015    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
1009 Rule    Brazil  2016    2022    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
1010 Rule    Brazil  2023    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
1011 Rule    Brazil  2024    2025    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
1012 Rule    Brazil  2026    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
1013 Rule    Brazil  2027    2033    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
1014 Rule    Brazil  2034    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
1015 Rule    Brazil  2035    2036    -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
1016 Rule    Brazil  2037    only    -       Feb     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
1017 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-09-29):
1018 # The next is wrong in some years but is better than nothing.
1019 Rule    Brazil  2038    max     -       Feb     Sun>=15      0:00    0       -
1020 
1021 # The latest ruleset listed above says that the following states observe DST:
1022 # DF, ES, GO, MG, MS, MT, PR, RJ, RS, SC, SP.
1023 
1024 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1025 #
1026 # Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE)
1027 Zone America/Noronha    -2:09:40 -      LMT     1914
1028                         -2:00   Brazil  FN%sT   1990 Sep 17
1029                         -2:00   -       FNT     1999 Sep 30
1030                         -2:00   Brazil  FN%sT   2000 Oct 15
1031                         -2:00   -       FNT     2001 Sep 13
1032                         -2:00   Brazil  FN%sT   2002 Oct  1
1033                         -2:00   -       FNT
1034 # Other Atlantic islands have no permanent settlement.
1035 # These include Trindade and Martin Vaz (administratively part of ES),
1036 # Atol das Rocas (RN), and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo (PE).
1037 # Fernando de Noronha was a separate territory from 1942-09-02 to 1989-01-01;
1038 # it also included the Penedos.
1039 #
1040 # Amapa (AP), east Para (PA)
1041 # East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu.
1042 # The division between east and west Para is the river Xingu.
1043 # In the north a very small part from the river Javary (now Jari I guess,
1044 # the border with Amapa) to the Amazon, then to the Xingu.
1045 Zone America/Belem      -3:13:56 -      LMT     1914
1046                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   1988 Sep 12
1047                         -3:00   -       BRT
1048 #
1049 # west Para (PA)
1050 # West Para includes Altamira, Oribidos, Prainha, Oriximina, and Santarem.
1051 Zone America/Santarem   -3:38:48 -      LMT     1914
1052                         -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT   1988 Sep 12
1053                         -4:00   -       AMT     2008 Jun 24 00:00
1054                         -3:00   -       BRT
1055 #
1056 # Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
1057 # Paraiba (PB)
1058 Zone America/Fortaleza  -2:34:00 -      LMT     1914
1059                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   1990 Sep 17
1060                         -3:00   -       BRT     1999 Sep 30
1061                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2000 Oct 22
1062                         -3:00   -       BRT     2001 Sep 13
1063                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2002 Oct  1
1064                         -3:00   -       BRT
1065 #
1066 # Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
1067 Zone America/Recife     -2:19:36 -      LMT     1914
1068                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   1990 Sep 17
1069                         -3:00   -       BRT     1999 Sep 30
1070                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2000 Oct 15
1071                         -3:00   -       BRT     2001 Sep 13
1072                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2002 Oct  1
1073                         -3:00   -       BRT
1074 #
1075 # Tocantins (TO)
1076 Zone America/Araguaina  -3:12:48 -      LMT     1914
1077                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   1990 Sep 17
1078                         -3:00   -       BRT     1995 Sep 14
1079                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2003 Sep 24
1080                         -3:00   -       BRT     2012 Oct 21
1081                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT
1082 #
1083 # Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
1084 Zone America/Maceio     -2:22:52 -      LMT     1914
1085                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   1990 Sep 17
1086                         -3:00   -       BRT     1995 Oct 13
1087                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   1996 Sep  4
1088                         -3:00   -       BRT     1999 Sep 30
1089                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2000 Oct 22
1090                         -3:00   -       BRT     2001 Sep 13
1091                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2002 Oct  1
1092                         -3:00   -       BRT
1093 #
1094 # Bahia (BA)
1095 # There are too many Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/Bahia instead
1096 # of America/Salvador.
1097 Zone America/Bahia      -2:34:04 -      LMT     1914
1098                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2003 Sep 24
1099                         -3:00   -       BRT     2011 Oct 16
1100                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   2012 Oct 21
1101                         -3:00   -       BRT
1102 #
1103 # Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
1104 # Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR),
1105 # Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
1106 Zone America/Sao_Paulo  -3:06:28 -      LMT     1914
1107                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT   1963 Oct 23 00:00
1108                         -3:00   1:00    BRST    1964
1109                         -3:00   Brazil  BR%sT
1110 #
1111 # Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)
1112 Zone America/Campo_Grande -3:38:28 -    LMT     1914
1113                         -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT
1114 #
1115 # Mato Grosso (MT)
1116 Zone America/Cuiaba     -3:44:20 -      LMT     1914
1117                         -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT   2003 Sep 24
1118                         -4:00   -       AMT     2004 Oct  1
1119                         -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT
1120 #
1121 # Rondonia (RO)
1122 Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 -     LMT     1914
1123                         -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT   1988 Sep 12
1124                         -4:00   -       AMT
1125 #
1126 # Roraima (RR)
1127 Zone America/Boa_Vista  -4:02:40 -      LMT     1914
1128                         -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT   1988 Sep 12
1129                         -4:00   -       AMT     1999 Sep 30
1130                         -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT   2000 Oct 15
1131                         -4:00   -       AMT
1132 #
1133 # east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutai, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
1134 # The great circle line from Tabatinga to Porto Acre divides
1135 # east from west Amazonas.
1136 Zone America/Manaus     -4:00:04 -      LMT     1914
1137                         -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT   1988 Sep 12
1138                         -4:00   -       AMT     1993 Sep 28
1139                         -4:00   Brazil  AM%sT   1994 Sep 22
1140                         -4:00   -       AMT
1141 #
1142 # west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
1143 #       Eirunepe, Envira, Ipixuna
1144 Zone America/Eirunepe   -4:39:28 -      LMT     1914
1145                         -5:00   Brazil  AC%sT   1988 Sep 12
1146                         -5:00   -       ACT     1993 Sep 28
1147                         -5:00   Brazil  AC%sT   1994 Sep 22
1148                         -5:00   -       ACT     2008 Jun 24 00:00
1149                         -4:00   -       AMT
1150 #
1151 # Acre (AC)
1152 Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 -      LMT     1914
1153                         -5:00   Brazil  AC%sT   1988 Sep 12
1154                         -5:00   -       ACT     2008 Jun 24 00:00
1155                         -4:00   -       AMT
1156 
1157 # Chile
1158 
1159 # From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
1160 # The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
1161 # of October....  The law is the same for March and October.
1162 # (1998-09-29):
1163 # Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
1164 # DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
1165 # (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
1166 
1167 # From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
1168 # Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
1169 # on April 3, (one-time change).
1170 
1171 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2006-10-08):
1172 # http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm
1173 
1174 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-08):
1175 # I think that there are some obvious mistakes in the suggested link
1176 # from Oscar van Vlijmen,... for instance entry 66 says that GMT-4
1177 # ended 1990-09-12 while entry 67 only begins GMT-3 at 1990-09-15
1178 # (they should have been 1990-09-15 and 1990-09-16 respectively), but
1179 # anyhow it clears up some doubts too.
1180 
1181 # From Paul Eggert (2006-12-27):
1182 # The following data for Chile and America/Santiago are from
1183 # <http://www.horaoficial.cl/horaof.htm> (2006-09-20), transcribed by
1184 # Jesper Norgaard Welen.  The data for Pacific/Easter are from Shanks
1185 # & Pottenger, except with DST transitions after 1932 cloned from
1186 # America/Santiago.  The pre-1980 Pacific/Easter data are dubious,
1187 # but we have no other source.
1188 
1189 # From German Poo-Caaman~o (2008-03-03):
1190 # Due to drought, Chile extends Daylight Time in three weeks.  This
1191 # is one-time change (Saturday 3/29 at 24:00 for America/Santiago
1192 # and Saturday 3/29 at 22:00 for Pacific/Easter)
1193 # The Supreme Decree is located at
1194 # <a href="http://www.shoa.cl/servicios/supremo316.pdf">
1195 # http://www.shoa.cl/servicios/supremo316.pdf
1196 # </a>
1197 # and the instructions for 2008 are located in:
1198 # <a href="http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm">
1199 # http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm
1200 # </a>.
1201 
1202 # From Jose Miguel Garrido (2008-03-05):
1203 # ...
1204 # You could see the announces of the change on
1205 # <a href="http://www.shoa.cl/noticias/2008/04hora/hora.htm">
1206 # http://www.shoa.cl/noticias/2008/04hora/hora.htm
1207 # </a>.
1208 
1209 # From Angel Chiang (2010-03-04):
1210 # Subject: DST in Chile exceptionally extended to 3 April due to earthquake
1211 # <a href="http://www.gobiernodechile.cl/viewNoticia.aspx?idArticulo=30098">
1212 # http://www.gobiernodechile.cl/viewNoticia.aspx?idArticulo=30098
1213 # </a>
1214 # (in Spanish, last paragraph).
1215 #
1216 # This is breaking news. There should be more information available later.
1217 
1218 # From Arthur Daivd Olson (2010-03-06):
1219 # Angel Chiang's message confirmed by Julio Pacheco; Julio provided a patch.
1220 
1221 # From Glenn Eychaner (2011-03-02): [geychaner@mac.com]
1222 # It appears that the Chilean government has decided to postpone the
1223 # change from summer time to winter time again, by three weeks to April
1224 # 2nd:
1225 # <a href="http://www.emol.com/noticias/nacional/detalle/detallenoticias.asp?idnoticia=467651">
1226 # http://www.emol.com/noticias/nacional/detalle/detallenoticias.asp?idnoticia=467651
1227 # </a>
1228 #
1229 # This is not yet reflected in the offical "cambio de hora" site, but
1230 # probably will be soon:
1231 # <a href="http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm">
1232 # http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm
1233 # </a>
1234 
1235 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-03-02):
1236 # The emol.com article mentions a water shortage as the cause of the
1237 # postponement, which may mean that it's not a permanent change.
1238 
1239 # From Glenn Eychaner (2011-03-28):
1240 # The article:
1241 # <a href="http://diario.elmercurio.com/2011/03/28/_portada/_portada/noticias/7565897A-CA86-49E6-9E03-660B21A4883E.htm?id=3D{7565897A-CA86-49E6-9E03-660B21A4883E}">
1242 # http://diario.elmercurio.com/2011/03/28/_portada/_portada/noticias/7565897A-CA86-49E6-9E03-660B21A4883E.htm?id=3D{7565897A-CA86-49E6-9E03-660B21A4883E}
1243 # </a>
1244 #
1245 # In English:
1246 # Chile's clocks will go back an hour this year on the 7th of May instead
1247 # of this Saturday. They will go forward again the 3rd Saturday in
1248 # August, not in October as they have since 1968. This is a pilot plan
1249 # which will be reevaluated in 2012.
1250 
1251 # From Mauricio Parada (2012-02-22), translated by Glenn Eychaner (2012-02-23):
1252 # As stated in the website of the Chilean Energy Ministry
1253 # http://www.minenergia.cl/ministerio/noticias/generales/gobierno-anuncia-fechas-de-cambio-de.html
1254 # The Chilean Government has decided to postpone the entrance into winter time
1255 # (to leave DST) from March 11 2012 to April 28th 2012. The decision has not
1256 # been yet formalized but it will within the next days.
1257 # Quote from the website communication:
1258 #
1259 # 6. For the year 2012, the dates of entry into winter time will be as follows:
1260 # a. Saturday April 28, 2012, clocks should go back 60 minutes; that is, at
1261 # 23:59:59, instead of passing to 0:00, the time should be adjusted to be 23:00
1262 # of the same day.
1263 # b. Saturday, September 1, 2012, clocks should go forward 60 minutes; that is,
1264 # at 23:59:59, instead of passing to 0:00, the time should be adjusted to be
1265 # 01:00 on September 2.
1266 
1267 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-02-15):
1268 # According to several news sources, Chile has extended DST this year,
1269 # they will end DST later and start DST earlier than planned.  They
1270 # hope to save energy.  The new end date is 2013-04-28 00:00 and new
1271 # start date is 2013-09-08 00:00....
1272 # http://www.gob.cl/informa/2013/02/15/gobierno-anuncia-fechas-de-cambio-de-hora-para-el-ano-2013.htm
1273 
1274 # NOTE: ChileAQ rules for Antarctic bases are stored separately in the
1275 # 'antarctica' file.
1276 
1277 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1278 Rule    Chile   1927    1932    -       Sep      1      0:00    1:00    S
1279 Rule    Chile   1928    1932    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1280 Rule    Chile   1942    only    -       Jun      1      4:00u   0       -
1281 Rule    Chile   1942    only    -       Aug      1      5:00u   1:00    S
1282 Rule    Chile   1946    only    -       Jul     15      4:00u   1:00    S
1283 Rule    Chile   1946    only    -       Sep      1      3:00u   0:00    -
1284 Rule    Chile   1947    only    -       Apr      1      4:00u   0       -
1285 Rule    Chile   1968    only    -       Nov      3      4:00u   1:00    S
1286 Rule    Chile   1969    only    -       Mar     30      3:00u   0       -
1287 Rule    Chile   1969    only    -       Nov     23      4:00u   1:00    S
1288 Rule    Chile   1970    only    -       Mar     29      3:00u   0       -
1289 Rule    Chile   1971    only    -       Mar     14      3:00u   0       -
1290 Rule    Chile   1970    1972    -       Oct     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    S
1291 Rule    Chile   1972    1986    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1292 Rule    Chile   1973    only    -       Sep     30      4:00u   1:00    S
1293 Rule    Chile   1974    1987    -       Oct     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    S
1294 Rule    Chile   1987    only    -       Apr     12      3:00u   0       -
1295 Rule    Chile   1988    1989    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1296 Rule    Chile   1988    only    -       Oct     Sun>=1       4:00u   1:00    S
1297 Rule    Chile   1989    only    -       Oct     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    S
1298 Rule    Chile   1990    only    -       Mar     18      3:00u   0       -
1299 Rule    Chile   1990    only    -       Sep     16      4:00u   1:00    S
1300 Rule    Chile   1991    1996    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1301 Rule    Chile   1991    1997    -       Oct     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    S
1302 Rule    Chile   1997    only    -       Mar     30      3:00u   0       -
1303 Rule    Chile   1998    only    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1304 Rule    Chile   1998    only    -       Sep     27      4:00u   1:00    S
1305 Rule    Chile   1999    only    -       Apr      4      3:00u   0       -
1306 Rule    Chile   1999    2010    -       Oct     Sun>=9       4:00u   1:00    S
1307 Rule    Chile   2000    2007    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1308 # N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time,
1309 # which is used below in specifying the transition.
1310 Rule    Chile   2008    only    -       Mar     30      3:00u   0       -
1311 Rule    Chile   2009    only    -       Mar     Sun>=9       3:00u   0       -
1312 Rule    Chile   2010    only    -       Apr     Sun>=1       3:00u   0       -
1313 Rule    Chile   2011    only    -       May     Sun>=2       3:00u   0       -
1314 Rule    Chile   2011    only    -       Aug     Sun>=16      4:00u   1:00    S
1315 Rule    Chile   2012    max     -       Apr     Sun>=23      3:00u   0       -
1316 Rule    Chile   2012    max     -       Sep     Sun>=2       4:00u   1:00    S
1317 # IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
1318 # (1996-09) says 1998-03-08.  Ignore these.
1319 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1320 Zone America/Santiago   -4:42:46 -      LMT     1890
1321                         -4:42:46 -      SMT     1910        # Santiago Mean Time
1322                         -5:00   -       CLT     1916 Jul  1 # Chile Time
1323                         -4:42:46 -      SMT     1918 Sep  1 # Santiago Mean Time
1324                         -4:00   -       CLT     1919 Jul  1 # Chile Time
1325                         -4:42:46 -      SMT     1927 Sep  1 # Santiago Mean Time
1326                         -5:00   Chile   CL%sT   1947 May 22 # Chile Time
1327                         -4:00   Chile   CL%sT
1328 Zone Pacific/Easter     -7:17:44 -      LMT     1890
1329                         -7:17:28 -      EMT     1932 Sep    # Easter Mean Time
1330                         -7:00   Chile   EAS%sT  1982 Mar 13 21:00 # Easter I Time
1331                         -6:00   Chile   EAS%sT
1332 #
1333 # Sala y Gomez Island is like Pacific/Easter.
1334 # Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernandez Is, San Ambrosio,
1335 # San Felix, and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago.
1336 
1337 # Colombia
1338 
1339 # Milne gives 4:56:16.4 for Bogota time in 1899; round to nearest.  He writes,
1340 # "A variation of fifteen minutes in the public clocks of Bogota is not rare."
1341 
1342 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1343 Rule    CO      1992    only    -       May      3      0:00    1:00    S
1344 Rule    CO      1993    only    -       Apr      4      0:00    0       -
1345 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1346 Zone    America/Bogota  -4:56:16 -      LMT     1884 Mar 13
1347                         -4:56:16 -      BMT     1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
1348                         -5:00   CO      CO%sT   # Colombia Time
1349 # Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
1350 # no information; probably like America/Bogota
1351 
1352 # Curacao
1353 
1354 # Milne gives 4:35:46.9 for Curacao mean time; round to nearest.
1355 #
1356 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1357 # Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at
1358 # -4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that
1359 # Kralendijk and Rincon used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from
1360 # 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01.  The former is dubious, since S&P also say
1361 # Saba Island has been like Curacao.
1362 # This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
1363 #
1364 # By July 2007 Curacao and St Maarten are planned to become
1365 # associated states within the Netherlands, much like Aruba;
1366 # Bonaire, Saba and St Eustatius would become directly part of the
1367 # Netherlands as Kingdom Islands.  This won't affect their time zones
1368 # though, as far as we know.
1369 #
1370 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1371 Zone    America/Curacao -4:35:47 -      LMT     1912 Feb 12     # Willemstad
1372                         -4:30   -       ANT     1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
1373                         -4:00   -       AST
1374 
1375 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15):
1376 # At least for now, use links for places with new iso3166 codes.
1377 # The name "Lower Prince's Quarter" is both longer than fourteen charaters
1378 # and contains an apostrophe; use "Lower_Princes" below.
1379 
1380 Link    America/Curacao America/Lower_Princes # Sint Maarten
1381 Link    America/Curacao America/Kralendijk # Bonaire, Sint Estatius and Saba
1382 
1383 # Ecuador
1384 #
1385 # Milne says the Sentral and South American Telegraph Company used -5:24:15.
1386 #
1387 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-04):
1388 # Apparently Ecuador had a failed experiment with DST in 1992.
1389 # <http://midena.gov.ec/content/view/1261/208/> (2007-02-27) and
1390 # <http://www.hoy.com.ec/NoticiaNue.asp?row_id=249856> (2006-11-06) both
1391 # talk about "hora Sixto".  Leave this alone for now, as we have no data.
1392 #
1393 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1394 Zone America/Guayaquil  -5:19:20 -      LMT     1890
1395                         -5:14:00 -      QMT     1931 # Quito Mean Time
1396                         -5:00   -       ECT          # Ecuador Time
1397 Zone Pacific/Galapagos  -5:58:24 -      LMT     1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
1398                         -5:00   -       ECT     1986
1399                         -6:00   -       GALT         # Galapagos Time
1400 
1401 # Falklands
1402 
1403 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1404 # Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks & Pottenger and the IATA agree except
1405 # the IATA gives 1996-09-08.  Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1406 
1407 # From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
1408 # via Jesper Norgaard:
1409 # ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
1410 # April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2
1411 # September.  It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2
1412 # am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on
1413 # Sunday 1 September.
1414 
1415 # From Rives McDow (2001-02-13):
1416 #
1417 # I have communicated several times with people there, and the last
1418 # time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998.  Here is
1419 # what was said then:
1420 #
1421 # "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp
1422 # did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have
1423 # started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time')
1424 # There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of
1425 # personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who
1426 # uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as
1427 # it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th
1428 # and started again on September 12/13th.  I do not know what the rule
1429 # is, but can find out if you like.  We do not change at the same time
1430 # as UK or Chile."
1431 #
1432 # I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at
1433 # 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00".  I think that this does
1434 # not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true?
1435 #
1436 # Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the
1437 # Falklands do not use DST.  I have found in my communications there
1438 # that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of
1439 # West Falkland.  Stanley is the only place that consistently observes
1440 # DST.  Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like
1441 # it.  West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers.
1442 #
1443 # I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and
1444 # which doesn't each year.  She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that
1445 # the list changes each year.  She uses it to communicate to her
1446 # customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner.
1447 
1448 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1449 # For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no
1450 # better info.
1451 
1452 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-04-01):
1453 # The Falkland Islands will not turn back clocks this winter, but stay on
1454 # daylight saving time.
1455 #
1456 # One source:
1457 # <a href="http://www.falklandnews.com/public/story.cfm?get=5914&source=3">
1458 # http://www.falklandnews.com/public/story.cfm?get=5914&source=3
1459 # </a>
1460 #
1461 # We have gotten this confirmed by a clerk of the legislative assembly:
1462 # Normally the clocks revert to Local Mean Time (UTC/GMT -4 hours) on the
1463 # third Sunday of April at 0200hrs and advance to Summer Time (UTC/GMT -3
1464 # hours) on the first Sunday of September at 0200hrs.
1465 #
1466 # IMPORTANT NOTE: During 2011, on a trial basis, the Falkland Islands
1467 # will not revert to local mean time, but clocks will remain on Summer
1468 # time (UTC/GMT - 3 hours) throughout the whole of 2011.  Any long term
1469 # change to local time following the trial period will be notified.
1470 #
1471 # From Andrew Newman (2012-02-24)
1472 # A letter from Justin McPhee, Chief Executive,
1473 # Cable & Wireless Falkland Islands (dated 2012-02-22)
1474 # states...
1475 #   The current Atlantic/Stanley entry under South America expects the
1476 #   clocks to go back to standard Falklands Time (FKT) on the 15th April.
1477 #   The database entry states that in 2011 Stanley was staying on fixed
1478 #   summer time on a trial basis only.  FIG need to contact IANA and/or
1479 #   the maintainers of the database to inform them we're adopting
1480 #   the same policy this year and suggest recommendations for future years.
1481 #
1482 # For now we will assume permanent summer time for the Falklands
1483 # until advised differently (to apply for 2012 and beyond, after the 2011
1484 # experiment was apparently successful.)
1485 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1486 Rule    Falk    1937    1938    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    1:00    S
1487 Rule    Falk    1938    1942    -       Mar     Sun>=19      0:00    0       -
1488 Rule    Falk    1939    only    -       Oct     1       0:00    1:00    S
1489 Rule    Falk    1940    1942    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    1:00    S
1490 Rule    Falk    1943    only    -       Jan     1       0:00    0       -
1491 Rule    Falk    1983    only    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    1:00    S
1492 Rule    Falk    1984    1985    -       Apr     lastSun 0:00    0       -
1493 Rule    Falk    1984    only    -       Sep     16      0:00    1:00    S
1494 Rule    Falk    1985    2000    -       Sep     Sun>=9       0:00    1:00    S
1495 Rule    Falk    1986    2000    -       Apr     Sun>=16      0:00    0       -
1496 Rule    Falk    2001    2010    -       Apr     Sun>=15      2:00    0       -
1497 Rule    Falk    2001    2010    -       Sep     Sun>=1       2:00    1:00    S
1498 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1499 Zone Atlantic/Stanley   -3:51:24 -      LMT     1890
1500                         -3:51:24 -      SMT     1912 Mar 12  # Stanley Mean Time
1501                         -4:00   Falk    FK%sT   1983 May     # Falkland Is Time
1502                         -3:00   Falk    FK%sT   1985 Sep 15
1503                         -4:00   Falk    FK%sT   2010 Sep 5 02:00
1504                         -3:00   -       FKST
1505 
1506 # French Guiana
1507 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1508 Zone America/Cayenne    -3:29:20 -      LMT     1911 Jul
1509                         -4:00   -       GFT     1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
1510                         -3:00   -       GFT
1511 
1512 # Guyana
1513 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1514 Zone    America/Guyana  -3:52:40 -      LMT     1915 Mar        # Georgetown
1515                         -3:45   -       GBGT    1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
1516                         -3:45   -       GYT     1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
1517                         -3:00   -       GYT     1991
1518 # IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00.  Assume a 1991 switch.
1519                         -4:00   -       GYT
1520 
1521 # Paraguay
1522 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1523 # Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
1524 # and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00.  Go with pre-1999
1525 # editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
1526 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1527 Rule    Para    1975    1988    -       Oct      1      0:00    1:00    S
1528 Rule    Para    1975    1978    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
1529 Rule    Para    1979    1991    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1530 Rule    Para    1989    only    -       Oct     22      0:00    1:00    S
1531 Rule    Para    1990    only    -       Oct      1      0:00    1:00    S
1532 Rule    Para    1991    only    -       Oct      6      0:00    1:00    S
1533 Rule    Para    1992    only    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
1534 Rule    Para    1992    only    -       Oct      5      0:00    1:00    S
1535 Rule    Para    1993    only    -       Mar     31      0:00    0       -
1536 Rule    Para    1993    1995    -       Oct      1      0:00    1:00    S
1537 Rule    Para    1994    1995    -       Feb     lastSun 0:00    0       -
1538 Rule    Para    1996    only    -       Mar      1      0:00    0       -
1539 # IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
1540 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
1541 # I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
1542 # (10-01).
1543 #
1544 # Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
1545 # <a href="http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm">
1546 # Noticias, a daily paper in Asuncion, Paraguay (2000-10-01)
1547 # </a>:
1548 # Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
1549 # fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power....  The time change
1550 # system has been operating for several years.  Formerly there was a separate
1551 # decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently.  Every
1552 # year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
1553 # clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
1554 #
1555 Rule    Para    1996    2001    -       Oct     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    S
1556 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1557 Rule    Para    1997    only    -       Feb     lastSun 0:00    0       -
1558 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
1559 # (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
1560 Rule    Para    1998    2001    -       Mar     Sun>=1       0:00    0       -
1561 # From Rives McDow (2002-02-28):
1562 # A decree was issued in Paraguay (no. 16350) on 2002-02-26 that changed the
1563 # dst method to be from the first Sunday in September to the first Sunday in
1564 # April.
1565 Rule    Para    2002    2004    -       Apr     Sun>=1       0:00    0       -
1566 Rule    Para    2002    2003    -       Sep     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    S
1567 #
1568 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-01-02):
1569 # There are several sources that claim that Paraguay made
1570 # a timezone rule change in autumn 2004.
1571 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-01-05):
1572 # Decree 1,867 (2004-03-05)
1573 # From Carlos Raul Perasso via Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-13)
1574 # <http://www.presidencia.gov.py/decretos/D1867.pdf>
1575 Rule    Para    2004    2009    -       Oct     Sun>=15      0:00    1:00    S
1576 Rule    Para    2005    2009    -       Mar     Sun>=8       0:00    0       -
1577 # From Carlos Raul Perasso (2010-02-18):
1578 # By decree number 3958 issued yesterday (
1579 # <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.py/v1/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/decreto3958.pdf">
1580 # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/v1/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/decreto3958.pdf
1581 # </a>
1582 # )
1583 # Paraguay changes its DST schedule, postponing the March rule to April and
1584 # modifying the October date. The decree reads:
1585 # ...
1586 # Art. 1. It is hereby established that from the second Sunday of the month of
1587 # April of this year (2010), the official time is to be set back 60 minutes,
1588 # and that on the first Sunday of the month of October, it is to be set
1589 # forward 60 minutes, in all the territory of the Paraguayan Republic.
1590 # ...
1591 Rule    Para    2010    max     -       Oct     Sun>=1       0:00    1:00    S
1592 Rule    Para    2010    2012    -       Apr     Sun>=8       0:00    0       -
1593 #
1594 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-07):
1595 # Paraguay will end DST on 2013-03-24 00:00....
1596 # http://www.ande.gov.py/interna.php?id=1075
1597 #
1598 # From Carlos Raul Perasso (2013-03-15):
1599 # The change in Paraguay is now final.  Decree number 10780
1600 # http://www.presidencia.gov.py/uploads/pdf/presidencia-3b86ff4b691c79d4f5927ca964922ec74772ce857c02ca054a52a37b49afc7fb.pdf
1601 Rule    Para    2013    max     -       Mar     Sun>=22      0:00    0       -
1602 
1603 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1604 Zone America/Asuncion   -3:50:40 -      LMT     1890
1605                         -3:50:40 -      AMT     1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
1606                         -4:00   -       PYT     1972 Oct # Paraguay Time
1607                         -3:00   -       PYT     1974 Apr
1608                         -4:00   Para    PY%sT
1609 
1610 # Peru
1611 #
1612 # <a href="news:xrGmb.39935$gA1.13896113@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net">
1613 # From Evelyn C. Leeper via Mark Brader (2003-10-26):</a>
1614 # When we were in Peru in 1985-1986, they apparently switched over
1615 # sometime between December 29 and January 3 while we were on the Amazon.
1616 #
1617 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1618 # Shanks & Pottenger don't have this transition.  Assume 1986 was like 1987.
1619 
1620 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1621 Rule    Peru    1938    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    1:00    S
1622 Rule    Peru    1938    only    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1623 Rule    Peru    1938    1939    -       Sep     lastSun 0:00    1:00    S
1624 Rule    Peru    1939    1940    -       Mar     Sun>=24      0:00    0       -
1625 Rule    Peru    1986    1987    -       Jan      1      0:00    1:00    S
1626 Rule    Peru    1986    1987    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1627 Rule    Peru    1990    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    1:00    S
1628 Rule    Peru    1990    only    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1629 # IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1630 Rule    Peru    1994    only    -       Jan      1      0:00    1:00    S
1631 Rule    Peru    1994    only    -       Apr      1      0:00    0       -
1632 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1633 Zone    America/Lima    -5:08:12 -      LMT     1890
1634                         -5:08:36 -      LMT     1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
1635                         -5:00   Peru    PE%sT   # Peru Time
1636 
1637 # South Georgia
1638 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1639 Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 -  LMT     1890            # Grytviken
1640                         -2:00   -       GST     # South Georgia Time
1641 
1642 # South Sandwich Is
1643 # uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
1644 
1645 # Suriname
1646 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1647 Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 -      LMT     1911
1648                         -3:40:52 -      PMT     1935     # Paramaribo Mean Time
1649                         -3:40:36 -      PMT     1945 Oct # The capital moved?
1650                         -3:30   -       NEGT    1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
1651                         -3:30   -       SRT     1984 Oct # Suriname Time
1652                         -3:00   -       SRT
1653 
1654 # Trinidad and Tobago
1655 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1656 Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 -   LMT     1912 Mar 2
1657                         -4:00   -       AST
1658 
1659 # Uruguay
1660 # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
1661 # Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
1662 # From Shanks & Pottenger:
1663 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
1664 # Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1665 Rule    Uruguay 1923    only    -       Oct      2       0:00   0:30    HS
1666 Rule    Uruguay 1924    1926    -       Apr      1       0:00   0       -
1667 Rule    Uruguay 1924    1925    -       Oct      1       0:00   0:30    HS
1668 Rule    Uruguay 1933    1935    -       Oct     lastSun  0:00   0:30    HS
1669 # Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 1 0:00 & 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
1670 Rule    Uruguay 1934    1936    -       Mar     Sat>=25      23:30s  0       -
1671 Rule    Uruguay 1936    only    -       Nov      1       0:00   0:30    HS
1672 Rule    Uruguay 1937    1941    -       Mar     lastSun  0:00   0       -
1673 # Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1674 Rule    Uruguay 1937    1940    -       Oct     lastSun  0:00   0:30    HS
1675 # Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
1676 # and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1677 Rule    Uruguay 1941    only    -       Aug      1       0:00   0:30    HS
1678 Rule    Uruguay 1942    only    -       Jan      1       0:00   0       -
1679 Rule    Uruguay 1942    only    -       Dec     14       0:00   1:00    S
1680 Rule    Uruguay 1943    only    -       Mar     14       0:00   0       -
1681 Rule    Uruguay 1959    only    -       May     24       0:00   1:00    S
1682 Rule    Uruguay 1959    only    -       Nov     15       0:00   0       -
1683 Rule    Uruguay 1960    only    -       Jan     17       0:00   1:00    S
1684 Rule    Uruguay 1960    only    -       Mar      6       0:00   0       -
1685 Rule    Uruguay 1965    1967    -       Apr     Sun>=1        0:00   1:00    S
1686 Rule    Uruguay 1965    only    -       Sep     26       0:00   0       -
1687 Rule    Uruguay 1966    1967    -       Oct     31       0:00   0       -
1688 Rule    Uruguay 1968    1970    -       May     27       0:00   0:30    HS
1689 Rule    Uruguay 1968    1970    -       Dec      2       0:00   0       -
1690 Rule    Uruguay 1972    only    -       Apr     24       0:00   1:00    S
1691 Rule    Uruguay 1972    only    -       Aug     15       0:00   0       -
1692 Rule    Uruguay 1974    only    -       Mar     10       0:00   0:30    HS
1693 Rule    Uruguay 1974    only    -       Dec     22       0:00   1:00    S
1694 Rule    Uruguay 1976    only    -       Oct      1       0:00   0       -
1695 Rule    Uruguay 1977    only    -       Dec      4       0:00   1:00    S
1696 Rule    Uruguay 1978    only    -       Apr      1       0:00   0       -
1697 Rule    Uruguay 1979    only    -       Oct      1       0:00   1:00    S
1698 Rule    Uruguay 1980    only    -       May      1       0:00   0       -
1699 Rule    Uruguay 1987    only    -       Dec     14       0:00   1:00    S
1700 Rule    Uruguay 1988    only    -       Mar     14       0:00   0       -
1701 Rule    Uruguay 1988    only    -       Dec     11       0:00   1:00    S
1702 Rule    Uruguay 1989    only    -       Mar     12       0:00   0       -
1703 Rule    Uruguay 1989    only    -       Oct     29       0:00   1:00    S
1704 # Shanks & Pottenger say no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
1705 # and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01.  Go with IATA.
1706 Rule    Uruguay 1990    1992    -       Mar     Sun>=1        0:00   0       -
1707 Rule    Uruguay 1990    1991    -       Oct     Sun>=21       0:00   1:00    S
1708 Rule    Uruguay 1992    only    -       Oct     18       0:00   1:00    S
1709 Rule    Uruguay 1993    only    -       Feb     28       0:00   0       -
1710 # From Eduardo Cota (2004-09-20):
1711 # The uruguayan government has decreed a change in the local time....
1712 # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/decretos/2004091502.htm
1713 Rule    Uruguay 2004    only    -       Sep     19       0:00   1:00    S
1714 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-03-11):
1715 # Uruguay's DST was scheduled to end on Sunday, 2005-03-13, but in order to
1716 # save energy ... it was postponed two weeks....
1717 # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/noticias/2005/03/2005031005.htm
1718 Rule    Uruguay 2005    only    -       Mar     27       2:00   0       -
1719 # From Eduardo Cota (2005-09-27):
1720 # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/decretos/2005/09/CM%20119_09%2009%202005_00001.PDF
1721 # This means that from 2005-10-09 at 02:00 local time, until 2006-03-12 at
1722 # 02:00 local time, official time in Uruguay will be at GMT -2.
1723 Rule    Uruguay 2005    only    -       Oct      9       2:00   1:00    S
1724 Rule    Uruguay 2006    only    -       Mar     12       2:00   0       -
1725 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-09-06):
1726 # http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_web/decretos/2006/09/CM%20210_08%2006%202006_00001.PDF
1727 Rule    Uruguay 2006    max     -       Oct     Sun>=1        2:00   1:00    S
1728 Rule    Uruguay 2007    max     -       Mar     Sun>=8        2:00   0       -
1729 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1730 Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 -      LMT     1898 Jun 28
1731                         -3:44:44 -      MMT     1920 May  1     # Montevideo MT
1732                         -3:30   Uruguay UY%sT   1942 Dec 14     # Uruguay Time
1733                         -3:00   Uruguay UY%sT
1734 
1735 # Venezuela
1736 #
1737 # From John Stainforth (2007-11-28):
1738 # ... the change for Venezuela originally expected for 2007-12-31 has
1739 # been brought forward to 2007-12-09.  The official announcement was
1740 # published today in the "Gaceta Oficial de la Republica Bolivariana
1741 # de Venezuela, numero 38.819" (official document for all laws or
1742 # resolution publication)
1743 # http://www.globovision.com/news.php?nid=72208
1744 
1745 # Zone  NAME            GMTOFF  RULES   FORMAT  [UNTIL]
1746 Zone    America/Caracas -4:27:44 -      LMT     1890
1747                         -4:27:40 -      CMT     1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time?
1748                         -4:30   -       VET     1965         # Venezuela Time
1749                         -4:00   -       VET     2007 Dec  9 03:00
1750                         -4:30   -       VET