1 # 2 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. 3 # 4 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it 5 # under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as 6 # published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this 7 # particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided 8 # by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code. 9 # 10 # This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT 11 # ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or 12 # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License 13 # version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that 14 # accompanied this code). 15 # 16 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version 17 # 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 18 # Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. 19 # 20 # Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA 21 # or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any 22 # questions. 23 # 24 # <pre> 25 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 26 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 27 28 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 29 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 30 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). 31 32 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 33 # 34 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 35 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 36 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 37 # 38 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source 39 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 40 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 41 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 42 # of the IATA's data after 1990. 43 # 44 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 45 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 46 # 47 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 48 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 49 # I found in the UCLA library. 50 # 51 # For data circa 1899, a common source is: 52 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 53 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. 54 # 55 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 56 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 57 # 58 # I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; 59 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. 60 # Corrections are welcome! 61 # std dst 62 # LMT Local Mean Time 63 # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 64 # 2:00 IST IDT Israel 65 # 3:00 AST ADT Arabia* 66 # 3:30 IRST IRDT Iran 67 # 4:00 GST Gulf* 68 # 5:30 IST India 69 # 7:00 ICT Indochina* 70 # 7:00 WIT west Indonesia 71 # 8:00 CIT central Indonesia 72 # 8:00 CST China 73 # 9:00 CJT Central Japanese Time (1896/1937)* 74 # 9:00 EIT east Indonesia 75 # 9:00 JST JDT Japan 76 # 9:00 KST KDT Korea 77 # 9:30 CST (Australian) Central Standard Time 78 # 79 # See the `europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 80 81 # From Guy Harris: 82 # Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 83 # additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 84 # Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 85 # Worldwide Edition). The names for time zones are guesses. 86 87 ############################################################################### 88 89 # These rules are stolen from the `europe' file. 90 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 91 Rule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 92 Rule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 93 Rule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 94 Rule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 95 Rule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 96 Rule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 97 Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 98 Rule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 99 Rule RussiaAsia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 100 Rule RussiaAsia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 101 Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S 102 Rule RussiaAsia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - 103 Rule RussiaAsia 1993 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 104 Rule RussiaAsia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 105 Rule RussiaAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 106 107 # Afghanistan 108 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 109 Zone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 110 4:00 - AFT 1945 111 4:30 - AFT 112 113 # Armenia 114 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 115 # Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 116 # in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 117 # readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 118 # when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 119 # reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 120 # in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 121 # Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 122 # but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 123 124 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): 125 # While Russia abandoned DST in 2011, Armenia may choose to 126 # follow Russia's "old" rules. 127 128 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-02-10): 129 # According to News Armenia, on Feb 9, 2012, 130 # http://newsarmenia.ru/society/20120209/42609695.html 131 # 132 # The Armenia National Assembly adopted final reading of Amendments to the 133 # Law "On procedure of calculation time on the territory of the Republic of 134 # Armenia" according to which Armenia [is] abolishing Daylight Saving Time. 135 # or 136 # (brief) 137 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_armenia03.html 138 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 139 Zone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 140 3:00 - YERT 1957 Mar # Yerevan Time 141 4:00 RussiaAsia YER%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 142 3:00 1:00 YERST 1991 Sep 23 # independence 143 3:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 144 4:00 - AMT 1997 145 4:00 RussiaAsia AM%sT 2012 Mar 25 2:00s 146 4:00 - AMT 147 148 # Azerbaijan 149 # From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 150 # According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 151 # Resolution available at: http://aif.az/docs/daylight_res.pdf 152 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 153 Rule Azer 1997 max - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 S 154 Rule Azer 1997 max - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 155 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 156 Zone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 157 3:00 - BAKT 1957 Mar # Baku Time 158 4:00 RussiaAsia BAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 159 3:00 1:00 BAKST 1991 Aug 30 # independence 160 3:00 RussiaAsia AZ%sT 1992 Sep lastSat 23:00 161 4:00 - AZT 1996 # Azerbaijan time 162 4:00 EUAsia AZ%sT 1997 163 4:00 Azer AZ%sT 164 165 # Bahrain 166 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 167 Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1920 # Al Manamah 168 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 169 3:00 - AST 170 171 # Bangladesh 172 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): 173 # According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce 174 # Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 175 # 176 # Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 177 # <a href="http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288"> 178 # http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 179 # </a> 180 # or 181 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html"> 182 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html 183 # </a> 184 # 185 # "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from 186 # June 187 # 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with 188 # crippling power crisis. " 189 # 190 # The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if 191 # implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 192 193 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): 194 # They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between 195 # the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. 196 # 197 # Some sources: 198 # <a href="http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601"> 199 # http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 200 # </a> 201 # <a href="http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2"> 202 # http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 203 # </a> 204 # 205 # Our wrap-up: 206 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html"> 207 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html 208 # </a> 209 210 # From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15): 211 # Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start 212 # time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh 213 # Telecommunication Regulatory Commission). 214 # 215 # No DST end date has been announced yet. 216 217 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-25): 218 # Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009, 219 # instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision. 220 # 221 # Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday": 222 # "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1" 223 # <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021"> 224 # http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021 225 # </a> 226 # or 227 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html"> 228 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html 229 # </a> 230 231 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13): 232 # IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports: 233 # Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make 234 # maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would 235 # "continue for an indefinite period." 236 # 237 # One of many places where it is published: 238 # <a href="http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html"> 239 # http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html 240 # </a> 241 242 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-12-24): 243 # According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 244 # Bangladesh will change its clock back to Standard Time on Dec 31, 2009. 245 # 246 # Clock goes back 1-hr on Dec 31 night. 247 # <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228"> 248 # http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228 249 # </a> 250 # and 251 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html"> 252 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html 253 # </a> 254 # 255 # "...The government yesterday decided to put the clock back by one hour 256 # on December 31 midnight and the new time will continue until March 31, 257 # 2010 midnight. The decision came at a cabinet meeting at the Prime 258 # Minister's Office last night..." 259 260 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-22): 261 # According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 262 # Cabinet cancels Daylight Saving Time 263 # <a href="http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817"> 264 # http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817 265 # </a> 266 # or 267 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html"> 268 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html 269 # </a> 270 271 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 272 Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Jun 19 23:00 1:00 S 273 Rule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 23:59 0 - 274 275 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 276 Zone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 277 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 278 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 279 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 280 6:30 - BURT 1951 Sep 30 281 6:00 - DACT 1971 Mar 26 # Dacca Time 282 6:00 - BDT 2009 283 6:00 Dhaka BD%sT 284 285 # Bhutan 286 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 287 Zone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 288 5:30 - IST 1987 Oct 289 6:00 - BTT # Bhutan Time 290 291 # British Indian Ocean Territory 292 # Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 293 # 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 294 # We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 295 # assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 296 # then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 297 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 298 Zone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 299 5:00 - IOT 1996 # BIOT Time 300 6:00 - IOT 301 302 # Brunei 303 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 304 Zone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 305 7:30 - BNT 1933 306 8:00 - BNT 307 308 # Burma / Myanmar 309 310 # Milne says 6:24:40 was the meridian of the time ball observatory at Rangoon. 311 312 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 313 Zone Asia/Rangoon 6:24:40 - LMT 1880 # or Yangon 314 6:24:40 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon Mean Time? 315 6:30 - BURT 1942 May # Burma Time 316 9:00 - JST 1945 May 3 317 6:30 - MMT # Myanmar Time 318 319 # Cambodia 320 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 321 Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 322 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 323 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 324 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 325 7:00 - ICT 326 327 # China 328 329 # From Guy Harris: 330 # People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 331 332 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 333 # No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 334 # China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 335 # Peking (Bejing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 336 # has two of 'em -- Peking's and Urumqi (named after the capital of 337 # the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 338 # 339 # . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 340 # painful to suck in another copy.. So, here is what I have for 341 # DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 342 # 343 # 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 344 # 1987 mid-April - ?? 345 346 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 347 # CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 348 # CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 349 350 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 351 # Shanks & Pottenger write that China (except for Hong Kong and Macau) 352 # has had a single time zone since 1980 May 1, observing summer DST 353 # from 1986 through 1991; this contradicts Devine's 354 # note about Time magazine, though apparently _something_ happened in 1986. 355 # Go with Shanks & Pottenger for now. I made up names for the other 356 # pre-1980 time zones. 357 358 # From Shanks & Pottenger: 359 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 360 Rule Shang 1940 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 361 Rule Shang 1940 1941 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 362 Rule Shang 1941 only - Mar 16 0:00 1:00 D 363 Rule PRC 1986 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 D 364 Rule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 0:00 0 S 365 Rule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=10 0:00 1:00 D 366 367 # From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 368 # BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 369 # historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 370 # Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 371 # 372 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 373 # I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 374 # http://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 375 # boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 376 # counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 377 # counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 378 # therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 379 # county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 380 # (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 381 # counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 382 383 # From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 384 # I just now checked Google News for western news sources that talk 385 # about China's single time zone, and couldn't find anything before 1986 386 # talking about China being in one time zone. (That article was: Jim 387 # Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 388 # time--sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05. By the way, this 389 # article confirms the tz database's data claiming that China began 390 # observing daylight saving time in 1986. 391 # 392 # From Thomas S. Mullaney (2008-02-11): 393 # I think you're combining two subjects that need to treated 394 # separately: daylight savings (which, you're correct, wasn't 395 # implemented until the 1980s) and the unified time zone centered near 396 # Beijing (which was implemented in 1949). Briefly, there was also a 397 # "Lhasa Time" in Tibet and "Urumqi Time" in Xinjiang. The first was 398 # ceased, and the second eventually recognized (again, in the 1980s). 399 # 400 # From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 401 # There seems to be a good chance China switched to a single time zone in 1949 402 # rather than in 1980 as Shanks & Pottenger have it, but we don't have a 403 # reliable documentary source saying so yet, so for now we still go with 404 # Shanks & Pottenger. 405 406 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 407 # Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 408 # Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 409 Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 410 8:30 - CHAT 1932 Mar # Changbai Time 411 8:00 - CST 1940 412 9:00 - CHAT 1966 May 413 8:30 - CHAT 1980 May 414 8:00 PRC C%sT 415 # Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") 416 # most of China 417 # Milne gives 8:05:56.7; round to nearest. 418 Zone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:57 - LMT 1928 419 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 420 8:00 PRC C%sT 421 # Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 422 # Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 423 # most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 424 # counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 425 # Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 426 Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 427 7:00 - LONT 1980 May # Long-shu Time 428 8:00 PRC C%sT 429 # Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") 430 # The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 431 # the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 432 # Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 433 # east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 434 # east Xinjiang, including Urumqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 435 # Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 436 # Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 437 # Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 438 Zone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 # or Urumchi 439 6:00 - URUT 1980 May # Urumqi Time 440 8:00 PRC C%sT 441 # Kunlun Time 442 # West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 443 # West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 444 # Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 445 # and Yarkand. 446 447 # From Luther Ma (2009-10-17): 448 # Almost all (>99.9%) ethnic Chinese (properly ethnic Han) living in 449 # Xinjiang use Chinese Standard Time. Some are aware of Xinjiang time, 450 # but have no need of it. All planes, trains, and schools function on 451 # what is called "Beijing time." When Han make an appointment in Chinese 452 # they implicitly use Beijing time. 453 # 454 # On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the 455 # population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two 456 # hours behind Beijing time, or UTC +0600. The government of the Xinjiang 457 # Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as 458 # local governments such as the Urumqi city government use both times in 459 # publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as 460 # "Urumqi time." When Uyghurs make an appointment in the Uyghur language 461 # they almost invariably use Xinjiang time. 462 # 463 # (Their ethnic Han compatriots would typically have no clue of its 464 # widespread use, however, because so extremely few of them are fluent in 465 # Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.) 466 # 467 # (...As with the rest of China there was a brief interval ending in 1990 468 # or 1991 when summer time was in use. The confusion was severe, with 469 # the province not having dual times but four times in use at the same 470 # time. Some areas remained on standard Xinjiang time or Beijing time and 471 # others moving their clocks ahead.) 472 # 473 # ...an example of an official website using of Urumqi time. 474 # 475 # The first few lines of the Google translation of 476 # <a href="http://www.fjysgl.gov.cn/show.aspx?id=2379&cid=39"> 477 # http://www.fjysgl.gov.cn/show.aspx?id=2379&cid=39 478 # </a> 479 # (retrieved 2009-10-13) 480 # > Urumqi fire seven people are missing the alleged losses of at least 481 # > 500 million yuan 482 # > 483 # > (Reporter Dong Liu) the day before 20:20 or so (Urumqi Time 18:20), 484 # > Urumqi City Department of International Plaza Luther Qiantang River 485 # > burst fire. As of yesterday, 18:30, Urumqi City Fire officers and men 486 # > have worked continuously for 22 hours... 487 488 # From Luther Ma (2009-11-19): 489 # With the risk of being redundant to previous answers these are the most common 490 # English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols): 491 # 492 # 1. Wulumuqi... 493 # 2. Kashi... 494 # 3. Urumqi... 495 # 4. Kashgar... 496 # ... 497 # 5. It seems that Uyghurs in Urumqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the 498 # 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding 499 # countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child. 500 # 501 # 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any 502 # start date for Xinjiang time. 503 # 504 # Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally 505 # publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur 506 # Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also 507 # not be using Beijing time, but some local time.) 508 509 Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 510 5:30 - KAST 1940 # Kashgar Time 511 5:00 - KAST 1980 May 512 8:00 PRC C%sT 513 514 515 # Hong Kong (Xianggang) 516 517 # Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this. 518 519 # From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): 520 # I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong 521 # Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, 522 # it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK, 523 # and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing 524 # and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I 525 # think 3:30 is correct. The official DST record for Hong Kong can be 526 # obtained from 527 # <a href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm"> 528 # http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 529 # </a>. 530 531 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 532 # Here are the dates given at 533 # <a href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm"> 534 # http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 535 # </a> 536 # as of 2009-10-28: 537 # Year Period 538 # 1941 1 Apr to 30 Sep 539 # 1942 Whole year 540 # 1943 Whole year 541 # 1944 Whole year 542 # 1945 Whole year 543 # 1946 20 Apr to 1 Dec 544 # 1947 13 Apr to 30 Dec 545 # 1948 2 May to 31 Oct 546 # 1949 3 Apr to 30 Oct 547 # 1950 2 Apr to 29 Oct 548 # 1951 1 Apr to 28 Oct 549 # 1952 6 Apr to 25 Oct 550 # 1953 5 Apr to 1 Nov 551 # 1954 21 Mar to 31 Oct 552 # 1955 20 Mar to 6 Nov 553 # 1956 18 Mar to 4 Nov 554 # 1957 24 Mar to 3 Nov 555 # 1958 23 Mar to 2 Nov 556 # 1959 22 Mar to 1 Nov 557 # 1960 20 Mar to 6 Nov 558 # 1961 19 Mar to 5 Nov 559 # 1962 18 Mar to 4 Nov 560 # 1963 24 Mar to 3 Nov 561 # 1964 22 Mar to 1 Nov 562 # 1965 18 Apr to 17 Oct 563 # 1966 17 Apr to 16 Oct 564 # 1967 16 Apr to 22 Oct 565 # 1968 21 Apr to 20 Oct 566 # 1969 20 Apr to 19 Oct 567 # 1970 19 Apr to 18 Oct 568 # 1971 18 Apr to 17 Oct 569 # 1972 16 Apr to 22 Oct 570 # 1973 22 Apr to 21 Oct 571 # 1973/74 30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74 572 # 1975 20 Apr to 19 Oct 573 # 1976 18 Apr to 17 Oct 574 # 1977 Nil 575 # 1978 Nil 576 # 1979 13 May to 21 Oct 577 # 1980 to Now Nil 578 # The page does not give start or end times of day. 579 # The page does not give a start date for 1942. 580 # The page does not givw an end date for 1945. 581 # The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began on 1941-12-25. 582 # The Japanese surrender of Hong Kong was signed 1945-09-15. 583 # For lack of anything better, use start of those days as the transition times. 584 585 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 586 Rule HK 1941 only - Apr 1 3:30 1:00 S 587 Rule HK 1941 only - Sep 30 3:30 0 - 588 Rule HK 1946 only - Apr 20 3:30 1:00 S 589 Rule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30 0 - 590 Rule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30 1:00 S 591 Rule HK 1947 only - Dec 30 3:30 0 - 592 Rule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30 1:00 S 593 Rule HK 1948 1951 - Oct lastSun 3:30 0 - 594 Rule HK 1952 only - Oct 25 3:30 0 - 595 Rule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 596 Rule HK 1953 only - Nov 1 3:30 0 - 597 Rule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 598 Rule HK 1954 only - Oct 31 3:30 0 - 599 Rule HK 1955 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 600 Rule HK 1965 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 601 Rule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 602 Rule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S 603 Rule HK 1979 only - May Sun>=8 3:30 1:00 S 604 Rule HK 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 605 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 606 Zone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 607 8:00 HK HK%sT 1941 Dec 25 608 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 15 609 8:00 HK HK%sT 610 611 ############################################################################### 612 613 # Taiwan 614 615 # Shanks & Pottenger write that Taiwan observed DST during 1945, when it 616 # was still controlled by Japan. This is hard to believe, but we don't 617 # have any other information. 618 619 # From smallufo (2010-04-03): 620 # According to Taiwan's CWB, 621 # <a href="http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm"> 622 # http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm 623 # </a> 624 # Taipei has DST in 1979 between July 1st and Sep 30. 625 626 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-04-07): 627 # Here's Google's translation of the table at the bottom of the "summert.htm" page: 628 # Decade Name Start and end date 629 # Republic of China 34 years to 40 years (AD 1945-1951 years) Summer Time May 1 to September 30 630 # 41 years of the Republic of China (AD 1952) Daylight Saving Time March 1 to October 31 631 # Republic of China 42 years to 43 years (AD 1953-1954 years) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to October 31 632 # In the 44 years to 45 years (AD 1955-1956 years) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to September 30 633 # Republic of China 46 years to 48 years (AD 1957-1959) Summer Time April 1 to September 30 634 # Republic of China 49 years to 50 years (AD 1960-1961) Summer Time June 1 to September 30 635 # Republic of China 51 years to 62 years (AD 1962-1973 years) Stop Summer Time 636 # Republic of China 63 years to 64 years (1974-1975 AD) Daylight Saving Time April 1 to September 30 637 # Republic of China 65 years to 67 years (1976-1978 AD) Stop Daylight Saving Time 638 # Republic of China 68 years (AD 1979) Daylight Saving Time July 1 to September 30 639 # Republic of China since 69 years (AD 1980) Stop Daylight Saving Time 640 641 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 642 Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 643 Rule Taiwan 1945 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 644 Rule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 645 Rule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 646 Rule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 647 Rule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 648 Rule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 649 Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 650 Rule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 651 Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 D 652 Rule Taiwan 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S 653 654 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 655 Zone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 # or Taibei or T'ai-pei 656 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 657 658 # Macau (Macao, Aomen) 659 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 660 Rule Macau 1961 1962 - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 661 Rule Macau 1961 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 3:30 0 - 662 Rule Macau 1963 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 663 Rule Macau 1964 only - Mar Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 664 Rule Macau 1965 only - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S 665 Rule Macau 1965 only - Oct 31 0:00 0 - 666 Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 667 Rule Macau 1966 1971 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 668 Rule Macau 1972 1974 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 669 Rule Macau 1972 1973 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 670 Rule Macau 1974 1977 - Oct Sun>=15 3:30 0 - 671 Rule Macau 1975 1977 - Apr Sun>=15 3:30 1:00 S 672 Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S 673 Rule Macau 1978 1980 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 0 - 674 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 675 Zone Asia/Macau 7:34:20 - LMT 1912 676 8:00 Macau MO%sT 1999 Dec 20 # return to China 677 8:00 PRC C%sT 678 679 680 ############################################################################### 681 682 # Cyprus 683 # 684 # Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00. Stick with LMT. 685 # 686 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 687 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 688 Rule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 689 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 690 Rule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 691 Rule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 692 Rule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 693 Rule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 694 Rule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 695 Rule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 696 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 697 Zone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 698 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 699 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 700 # IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 701 702 # Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 703 # However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 704 Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 705 706 # Georgia 707 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 708 # Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 709 # an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 710 # an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 711 # We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 712 # 713 # From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 714 # Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 715 # will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 716 # President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 717 # 718 # From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 719 # 720 # Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 721 # republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 722 # is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 723 # ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 724 # Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 725 # of integration into Europe. 726 727 # From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 728 # Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 729 # [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 730 # Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 731 # +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 732 # about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 733 # because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 734 # I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 735 # DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 736 737 738 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 739 Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880 740 2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 741 3:00 - TBIT 1957 Mar # Tbilisi Time 742 4:00 RussiaAsia TBI%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 743 3:00 1:00 TBIST 1991 Apr 9 # independence 744 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 1992 # Georgia Time 745 3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun 746 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun 747 4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun 748 4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27 749 3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 750 4:00 - GET 751 752 # East Timor 753 754 # See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 755 756 # From Joao Carrascalao, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 757 # <a href="http://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm"> 758 # East Timor may be late for its millennium 759 # </a> (1999-12-26/31): 760 # Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 761 # rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 762 # Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 763 # conflicts with their way of life. 764 765 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 766 # We don't have any record of the above attempt. 767 # Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 768 769 # <a href="http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/last/00-08-16.undh.html"> 770 # From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 771 # (2000-08-16)</a>: 772 # The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 773 # today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 774 # which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 775 # midnight on Saturday, September 16. 776 777 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 778 Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 779 8:00 - TLT 1942 Feb 21 23:00 # E Timor Time 780 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 781 9:00 - TLT 1976 May 3 782 8:00 - CIT 2000 Sep 17 00:00 783 9:00 - TLT 784 785 # India 786 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 787 Zone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata 788 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 789 6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time 790 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 791 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 792 5:30 - IST 793 # The following are like Asia/Kolkata: 794 # Andaman Is 795 # Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 796 # Nicobar Is 797 798 # Indonesia 799 # 800 # From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 801 # <http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime> 802 # says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 803 # time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 804 # and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 805 # 806 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 807 # Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 808 # JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 809 # Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 810 # other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 811 # September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 812 # These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 813 # Regimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Editions 814 # Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 815 # from JST to UTC+07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 816 # (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 817 # switched on 1945-09-23. 818 # 819 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 820 Zone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 821 # Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 822 # but this must be a typo. 823 7:07:12 - JMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Jakarta 824 7:20 - JAVT 1932 Nov # Java Time 825 7:30 - WIT 1942 Mar 23 826 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 827 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 828 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 829 7:30 - WIT 1964 830 7:00 - WIT 831 Zone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 832 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 833 7:30 - WIT 1942 Jan 29 834 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 835 7:30 - WIT 1948 May 836 8:00 - WIT 1950 May 837 7:30 - WIT 1964 838 8:00 - CIT 1988 Jan 1 839 7:00 - WIT 840 Zone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 841 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 842 8:00 - CIT 1942 Feb 9 843 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 23 844 8:00 - CIT 845 Zone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 846 9:00 - EIT 1944 Sep 1 847 9:30 - CST 1964 848 9:00 - EIT 849 850 # Iran 851 852 # From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 853 # This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 854 # The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 855 # 856 # Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 857 # No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 858 # 859 # The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 860 # 861 # The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 862 # based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 863 # of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 864 # and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 865 # and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 866 # for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 867 # 868 # The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 869 # at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 870 # to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 871 # Shahrivar. 872 # 873 # First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 874 # 875 # From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 876 # for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 877 # date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 878 # Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 879 # I have also changed the abbreviations to what is considered correct 880 # here in Iran, IRST for regular time and IRDT for daylight saving time. 881 # 882 # From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 883 # The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 884 # that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 885 # leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 886 # plan to change that law.... 887 # 888 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 889 # Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 890 # I used Ed Reingold's cal-persia in GNU Emacs 21.2 to check Persian dates, 891 # stopping after 2037 when 32-bit time_t's overflow. 892 # That cal-persia used Birashk's approximation, which disagrees with the solar 893 # calendar predictions for the year 2025, so I corrected those dates by hand. 894 # 895 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 896 # discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 897 # For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 898 # the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 899 # Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 900 # known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 901 # 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 902 # no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 903 # in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 904 # arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 905 # vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 906 # Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 907 # 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 908 # 909 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 910 # Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 911 # http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 912 # 913 # From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Norgaard Welen: 914 # ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 915 # daylight saving time ... 916 # http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 917 # 918 # From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 919 # This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 920 # Iran, Volume 63, Number 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 921 # [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 922 # The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 923 # on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 924 # be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 925 # thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 926 # 927 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 928 Rule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 929 Rule Iran 1978 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 S 930 Rule Iran 1979 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 S 931 Rule Iran 1980 only - Sep 23 0:00 0 S 932 Rule Iran 1991 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 D 933 Rule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 934 Rule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 935 Rule Iran 1996 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 936 Rule Iran 1996 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 937 Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 938 Rule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 939 Rule Iran 2000 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 940 Rule Iran 2000 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 941 Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 942 Rule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 943 Rule Iran 2004 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 944 Rule Iran 2004 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 945 Rule Iran 2005 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 946 Rule Iran 2005 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 947 Rule Iran 2008 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 948 Rule Iran 2008 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 949 Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 950 Rule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 951 Rule Iran 2012 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 952 Rule Iran 2012 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 953 Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 954 Rule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 955 Rule Iran 2016 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 956 Rule Iran 2016 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 957 Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 958 Rule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 959 Rule Iran 2020 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 960 Rule Iran 2020 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 961 Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 962 Rule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 963 Rule Iran 2024 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 964 Rule Iran 2024 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 965 Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 966 Rule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 967 Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 968 Rule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 969 Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 970 Rule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 971 Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 972 Rule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 973 Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 974 Rule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 975 Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 976 Rule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 977 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 978 Zone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 979 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 980 3:30 - IRST 1977 Nov 981 4:00 Iran IR%sT 1979 982 3:30 Iran IR%sT 983 984 985 # Iraq 986 # 987 # From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 988 # An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 989 # the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 990 # "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 991 # are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 992 # 993 # But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 994 # In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 995 # Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 996 # to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 997 # in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 998 # 999 # So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 1000 1001 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 1002 # The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 1003 # news sources (in Arabic): 1004 # <a href="http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html"> 1005 # http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 1006 # </a> 1007 # <a href="http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10"> 1008 # http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 1009 # </a> 1010 # 1011 # We have published a short article in English about the change: 1012 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html"> 1013 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 1014 # </a> 1015 1016 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1017 Rule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 1018 Rule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 1019 Rule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 1020 Rule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 1021 Rule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 S 1022 Rule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 D 1023 # IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the `:01' is a typo. 1024 # Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 1025 # 1026 Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 D 1027 Rule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 S 1028 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1029 Zone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 1030 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 1031 3:00 - AST 1982 May 1032 3:00 Iraq A%sT 1033 1034 1035 ############################################################################### 1036 1037 # Israel 1038 1039 # From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 1040 # 1041 # I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 1042 # different abbreviations in use: 1043 # 1044 # JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 1045 # IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 1046 # EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 1047 # 1048 # Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 1049 # I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 1050 # EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 1051 # any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 1052 # and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 1053 # settings in Israeli computers. 1054 # 1055 # In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 1056 # high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 1057 # family is from India). 1058 1059 # From Shanks & Pottenger: 1060 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1061 Rule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 1062 Rule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 1063 Rule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1064 Rule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 1065 Rule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 1066 Rule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 1067 Rule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 1068 Rule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 1069 Rule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 1070 Rule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 1071 Rule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 1072 Rule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 1073 Rule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 1074 Rule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 1075 Rule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 1076 Rule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 1077 Rule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 1078 Rule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 1079 Rule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 1080 Rule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 1081 Rule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 1082 Rule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 1083 Rule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 1084 Rule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 1085 Rule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 1086 Rule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 1087 Rule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 1088 Rule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 1089 Rule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 1090 Rule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 1091 Rule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 1092 Rule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 1093 Rule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 1094 Rule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 1095 Rule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 1096 Rule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 1097 Rule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 1098 Rule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1099 Rule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 0:00 1:00 D 1100 Rule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 1101 1102 # From Ephraim Silverberg 1103 # (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 1104 # and 2005-02-17): 1105 1106 # According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 1107 # Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 1108 # One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 1109 # days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 1110 # daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 1111 # 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 1112 # Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 1113 # time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 1114 # time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 1115 # conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 1116 # daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 1117 # 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 1118 # was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 1119 # 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 1120 # similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 1121 # will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 1122 # changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 1123 # rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 1124 # (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 1125 # of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 1126 # (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 1127 # (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 1128 1129 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1130 Rule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 1131 Rule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 1132 Rule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 1133 Rule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 1134 Rule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 1135 Rule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 1136 Rule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 1137 Rule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 1138 Rule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 1139 Rule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 1140 1141 # The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 1142 # Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 1143 # calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 1144 1145 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1146 Rule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 1147 Rule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 1148 Rule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 1149 Rule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 1150 1151 # The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 1152 # time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 1153 # (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 1154 # 1155 # ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 1156 # 1157 # The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 1158 # 1159 # The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 1160 # 1161 # ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 1162 # 1163 # where YYYY is the relevant year. 1164 1165 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1166 Rule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 1167 Rule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 1168 Rule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 1169 Rule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 1170 Rule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 1171 Rule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 1172 Rule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 1173 Rule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 1174 1175 # The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 1176 # the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 1177 # years 2001-2004 as well. 1178 # 1179 # The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 1180 # 1181 # ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 1182 # 1183 # The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 1184 # for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 1185 # 1186 # ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 1187 1188 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1189 Rule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 1190 Rule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 1191 Rule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 1192 Rule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 1193 Rule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 1194 Rule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 1195 Rule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 1196 Rule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 1197 Rule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 1198 Rule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 1199 1200 # The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 1201 # 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 1202 # last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 1203 # 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 1204 # night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 1205 # 1206 # Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 1207 # 1208 # ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 1209 1210 # From Paul Eggert (2012-10-26): 1211 # I used Ephraim Silverberg's dst-israel.el program 1212 # <ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/software/dst-israel.el> (2005-02-20) 1213 # along with Ed Reingold's cal-hebrew in GNU Emacs 21.4, 1214 # to generate the transitions from 2005 through 2012. 1215 # (I replaced "lastFri" with "Fri>=26" by hand.) 1216 # The spring transitions all correspond to the following Rule: 1217 # 1218 # Rule Zion 2005 2012 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1219 # 1220 # but older zic implementations (e.g., Solaris 8) do not support 1221 # "Fri>=26" to mean April 1 in years like 2005, so for now we list the 1222 # springtime transitions explicitly. 1223 1224 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1225 Rule Zion 2005 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1226 Rule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 1227 Rule Zion 2006 2010 - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1228 Rule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 1229 Rule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 1230 Rule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 1231 Rule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 1232 Rule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 1233 Rule Zion 2011 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 1234 Rule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 1235 Rule Zion 2012 only - Mar Fri>=26 2:00 1:00 D 1236 Rule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 1237 1238 # From Ephraim Silverberg (2012-10-18): 1239 # Yesterday, the Interior Ministry Committee, after more than a year 1240 # past, approved sending the proposed June 2011 changes to the Time 1241 # Decree Law back to the Knesset for second and third (final) votes 1242 # before the upcoming elections on Jan. 22, 2013. Hence, although the 1243 # changes are not yet law, they are expected to be so before February 2013. 1244 # 1245 # As of 2013, DST starts at 02:00 on the Friday before the last Sunday in March. 1246 # DST ends at 02:00 on the first Sunday after October 1, unless it occurs on the 1247 # second day of the Jewish Rosh Hashana holiday, in which case DST ends a day 1248 # later (i.e. at 02:00 the first Monday after October 2). 1249 # [Rosh Hashana holidays are factored in until 2100.] 1250 1251 # From Ephraim Silverberg (2012-11-05): 1252 # The Knesset passed today (in second and final readings) the amendment to the 1253 # Time Decree Law making the changes ... law. 1254 1255 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1256 Rule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D 1257 Rule Zion 2013 2026 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 1258 Rule Zion 2027 only - Oct Mon>=3 2:00 0 S 1259 Rule Zion 2028 max - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 1260 # The following rules are commented out for now, as they break older 1261 # versions of zic that support only signed 32-bit timestamps, i.e., 1262 # through 2038-01-19 03:14:07 UTC. 1263 #Rule Zion 2028 2053 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 1264 #Rule Zion 2054 only - Oct Mon>=3 2:00 0 S 1265 #Rule Zion 2055 2080 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 1266 #Rule Zion 2081 only - Oct Mon>=3 2:00 0 S 1267 #Rule Zion 2082 max - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S 1268 1269 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1270 Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880 1271 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 1272 2:00 Zion I%sT 1273 1274 1275 1276 ############################################################################### 1277 1278 # Japan 1279 1280 # `9:00' and `JST' is from Guy Harris. 1281 1282 # From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 1283 # Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 1284 # daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but ``the system was discontinued 1285 # because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours.'' 1286 1287 # From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times 1288 # <http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm>: 1289 # Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 1290 # [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 1291 # daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 1292 # deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 1293 # dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 1294 # Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 1295 # of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 1296 # wanted to keep it.) 1297 1298 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1299 # Shanks & Pottenger write that DST in Japan during those years was as follows: 1300 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1301 Rule Japan 1948 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1302 Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 2:00 0 S 1303 Rule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1304 Rule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 1305 # but the only locations using it (for birth certificates, presumably, since 1306 # their audience is astrologers) were US military bases. For now, assume 1307 # that for most purposes daylight-saving time was observed; otherwise, what 1308 # would have been the point of the 1951 poll? 1309 1310 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 1311 # 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 1312 # Observatory: E 139 44' 40".90 (9h 18m 58s.727), N 35 39' 16".0. 1313 # This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 1314 # edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 1315 # JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 1316 # The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 1317 1318 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 1319 # The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 1320 # which stands for the time on E 135 degree. 1321 # In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 1322 # standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 1323 # time", which stands for the time on E 120 degree.... But "western standard 1324 # time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 1325 # 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 1326 # standard.... 1327 # 1328 # I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 1329 # In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 1330 1331 # Shanks & Pottenger claim JST in use since 1896, and that a few 1332 # places (e.g. Ishigaki) use +0800; go with Suzuki. Guess that all 1333 # ordinances took effect on Jan 1. 1334 1335 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1336 Zone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 1337 9:00 - JST 1896 1338 9:00 - CJT 1938 1339 9:00 Japan J%sT 1340 # Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo. 1341 1342 # Jordan 1343 # 1344 # From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html"> 1345 # Jordan Week (1999-07-01) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 1346 # Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 1347 # in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 1348 # all year round. 1349 # 1350 # From <a href="http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html"> 1351 # Jordan Week (1999-09-30) </a> via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 1352 # Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 1353 # by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 1354 # The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 1355 # government's departments from six to seven hours. 1356 # 1357 # From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 1358 # Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 1359 # 1360 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 1361 # For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 1362 # about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 1363 # 1364 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 1365 # http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 1366 # "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 1367 # 1368 1369 # From Phil Pizzey (2009-04-02): 1370 # ...I think I may have spotted an error in the timezone data for 1371 # Jordan. 1372 # The current (2009d) asia file shows Jordan going to daylight 1373 # saving 1374 # time on the last Thursday in March. 1375 # 1376 # Rule Jordan 2000 max - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1377 # 1378 # However timeanddate.com, which I usually find reliable, shows Jordan 1379 # going to daylight saving time on the last Friday in March since 2002. 1380 # Please see 1381 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11"> 1382 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=11 1383 # </a> 1384 1385 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 1386 # This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 1387 # <a href="http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279"> 1388 # http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 1389 # </a> 1390 # 1391 # Google's translation: 1392 # 1393 # > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 1394 # > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 1395 # > of the month of March of each year. 1396 # 1397 # So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 1398 1399 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 1400 # We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 1401 1402 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-10-25): 1403 # Yesterday the government in Jordan announced that they will not 1404 # switch back to standard time this winter, so the will stay on DST 1405 # until about the same time next year (at least). 1406 # http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?NewsID=88950 1407 # 1408 # From Paul Eggert (2012-10-25): 1409 # For now, assume this is just a one-year measure. If it becomes 1410 # permanent, we should move Jordan from EET to AST effective tomorrow. 1411 1412 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1413 Rule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 1414 Rule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1415 Rule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1416 Rule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 1417 Rule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1418 Rule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1419 Rule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1420 Rule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1421 Rule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1422 Rule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1423 Rule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1424 Rule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 1425 Rule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 1426 Rule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 1427 Rule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 1428 Rule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 1429 Rule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 1430 Rule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1431 Rule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 1432 Rule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 1433 Rule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1434 Rule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1435 Rule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 1436 Rule Jordan 2002 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 1437 Rule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 1438 Rule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 1439 Rule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1440 Rule Jordan 2006 2011 - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1441 Rule Jordan 2013 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 1442 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1443 Zone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 1444 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1445 1446 1447 # Kazakhstan 1448 1449 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): 1450 # Andrew Evtichov (1996-04-13) writes that Kazakhstan 1451 # stayed in sync with Moscow after 1990, and that Aqtobe (formerly Aktyubinsk) 1452 # and Aqtau (formerly Shevchenko) are the largest cities in their zones. 1453 # Guess that Aqtau and Aqtobe diverged in 1995, since that's the first time 1454 # IATA SSIM mentions a third time zone in Kazakhstan. 1455 1456 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1457 # German Iofis, ELSI, Almaty (2001-10-09) reports that Kazakhstan uses 1458 # RussiaAsia rules, instead of switching at 00:00 as the IATA has it. 1459 # Go with Shanks & Pottenger, who have them always using RussiaAsia rules. 1460 # Also go with the following claims of Shanks & Pottenger: 1461 # 1462 # - Kazakhstan did not observe DST in 1991. 1463 # - Qyzylorda switched from +5:00 to +6:00 on 1992-01-19 02:00. 1464 # - Oral switched from +5:00 to +4:00 in spring 1989. 1465 1466 # <a href="http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm"> 1467 # From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin #11 (2005-03-21): 1468 # </a> 1469 # The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 1470 # daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 1471 # complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 1472 # 1473 # From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 1474 # ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 1475 # was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 1476 # two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 1477 # closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 1478 # same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtobe, Atyrau, 1479 # Mangghystau, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 1480 # everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 1481 # de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 1482 1483 # 1484 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1485 # 1486 # Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 1487 Zone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 1488 5:00 - ALMT 1930 Jun 21 # Alma-Ata Time 1489 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 1991 1490 6:00 - ALMT 1992 1491 6:00 RussiaAsia ALM%sT 2005 Mar 15 1492 6:00 - ALMT 1493 # Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) 1494 Zone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 1495 4:00 - KIZT 1930 Jun 21 # Kizilorda Time 1496 5:00 - KIZT 1981 Apr 1 1497 5:00 1:00 KIZST 1981 Oct 1 1498 6:00 - KIZT 1982 Apr 1 1499 5:00 RussiaAsia KIZ%sT 1991 1500 5:00 - KIZT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1501 5:00 - QYZT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 1502 6:00 RussiaAsia QYZ%sT 2005 Mar 15 1503 6:00 - QYZT 1504 # Aqtobe (aka Aktobe, formerly Akt'ubinsk) 1505 Zone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 1506 4:00 - AKTT 1930 Jun 21 # Aktyubinsk Time 1507 5:00 - AKTT 1981 Apr 1 1508 5:00 1:00 AKTST 1981 Oct 1 1509 6:00 - AKTT 1982 Apr 1 1510 5:00 RussiaAsia AKT%sT 1991 1511 5:00 - AKTT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1512 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Aqtobe Time 1513 5:00 - AQTT 1514 # Mangghystau 1515 # Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 1516 # so include time stamps before 1963. 1517 Zone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 1518 4:00 - FORT 1930 Jun 21 # Fort Shevchenko T 1519 5:00 - FORT 1963 1520 5:00 - SHET 1981 Oct 1 # Shevchenko Time 1521 6:00 - SHET 1982 Apr 1 1522 5:00 RussiaAsia SHE%sT 1991 1523 5:00 - SHET 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1524 5:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 1995 Mar lastSun 2:00 # Aqtau Time 1525 4:00 RussiaAsia AQT%sT 2005 Mar 15 1526 5:00 - AQTT 1527 # West Kazakhstan 1528 Zone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 1529 4:00 - URAT 1930 Jun 21 # Ural'sk time 1530 5:00 - URAT 1981 Apr 1 1531 5:00 1:00 URAST 1981 Oct 1 1532 6:00 - URAT 1982 Apr 1 1533 5:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00 1534 4:00 RussiaAsia URA%sT 1991 1535 4:00 - URAT 1991 Dec 16 # independence 1536 4:00 RussiaAsia ORA%sT 2005 Mar 15 # Oral Time 1537 5:00 - ORAT 1538 1539 # Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 1540 # Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 1541 1542 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 1543 # According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 1544 # <http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml> 1545 # Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 1546 # to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 1547 # From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 1548 # Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 1549 # From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 1550 1551 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1552 Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 S 1553 Rule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1554 Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 S 1555 Rule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 1556 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1557 Zone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 1558 5:00 - FRUT 1930 Jun 21 # Frunze Time 1559 6:00 RussiaAsia FRU%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1560 5:00 1:00 FRUST 1991 Aug 31 2:00 # independence 1561 5:00 Kyrgyz KG%sT 2005 Aug 12 # Kyrgyzstan Time 1562 6:00 - KGT 1563 1564 ############################################################################### 1565 1566 # Korea (North and South) 1567 1568 # From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10) in 1569 # <http://www.koreaherald.co.kr/SITE/data/html_dir/2006/07/10/200607100012.asp>: 1570 # The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy has already 1571 # commissioned a research project [to reintroduce DST] and has said 1572 # the system may begin as early as 2008.... Korea ran a daylight 1573 # saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it during the 1950-53 Korean War. 1574 1575 # From Shanks & Pottenger: 1576 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1577 Rule ROK 1960 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 1578 Rule ROK 1960 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 1579 Rule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D 1580 Rule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S 1581 1582 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1583 Zone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1890 1584 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1585 9:00 - KST 1928 1586 8:30 - KST 1932 1587 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1588 8:00 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 1589 8:30 - KST 1968 Oct 1590 9:00 ROK K%sT 1591 Zone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1890 1592 8:30 - KST 1904 Dec 1593 9:00 - KST 1928 1594 8:30 - KST 1932 1595 9:00 - KST 1954 Mar 21 1596 8:00 - KST 1961 Aug 10 1597 9:00 - KST 1598 1599 ############################################################################### 1600 1601 # Kuwait 1602 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1603 # From the Arab Times (2007-03-14): 1604 # The Civil Service Commission (CSC) has approved a proposal forwarded 1605 # by MP Ahmad Baqer on implementing the daylight saving time (DST) in 1606 # Kuwait starting from April until the end of Sept this year, reports Al-Anba. 1607 # <http://www.arabtimesonline.com/arabtimes/kuwait/Viewdet.asp?ID=9950>. 1608 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 1609 # We don't know the details, or whether the approval means it'll happen, 1610 # so for now we assume no DST. 1611 Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 1612 3:00 - AST 1613 1614 # Laos 1615 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1616 Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 # or Viangchan 1617 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 1618 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 1619 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 1620 7:00 - ICT 1621 1622 # Lebanon 1623 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1624 Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 1625 Rule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 1626 Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 1627 Rule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 1628 Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 1629 Rule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1630 Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 1631 Rule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1632 Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1633 Rule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1634 Rule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 1635 Rule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1636 Rule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1637 Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1638 Rule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 1639 Rule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1640 Rule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 1641 Rule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1642 Rule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 1643 Rule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1644 Rule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 1645 Rule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1646 Rule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1647 Rule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 1648 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1649 Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 1650 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 1651 1652 # Malaysia 1653 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1654 Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer 1655 Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 1656 # 1657 # peninsular Malaysia 1658 # The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 1659 # <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 1660 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1661 Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 1662 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 1663 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 1664 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 1665 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 1666 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 1667 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1668 7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1 1669 8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time 1670 # Sabah & Sarawak 1671 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 1672 # The data here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982 1673 # transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 1674 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1675 Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 1676 7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time 1677 8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16 1678 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 1679 8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1 1680 8:00 - MYT 1681 1682 # Maldives 1683 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1684 Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male 1685 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Male Mean Time 1686 5:00 - MVT # Maldives Time 1687 1688 # Mongolia 1689 1690 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 1691 # usno1995 and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World (2005-03) 1692 # both say that it has just one. 1693 1694 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 1695 # <a href="http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm"> 1696 # General Information Mongolia 1697 # </a> (1999-09) 1698 # "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 1699 # Bayan-Ulgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 1700 # the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 1701 # eight hours." 1702 1703 # From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 1704 # Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 1705 # being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 1706 # unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 1707 # of implementation may have been different.... 1708 # Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 1709 # zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 1710 # Suhbaatar, and possibly Khentij. 1711 1712 # From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 1713 # Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 1714 # We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 1715 # the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 1716 # and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 1717 # is good enough for our purposes. 1718 1719 # From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 1720 # In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 1721 # (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 1722 # there are three time zones. 1723 # 1724 # Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-ulgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 1725 # Provinces [at 8:00]: Khovsgol, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Tov, 1726 # Bayankhongor, Ovorkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Omnogovi 1727 # Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sukhbaatar 1728 # 1729 # [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 1730 1731 # From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 1732 # Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 1733 # It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 1734 # September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 1735 # 1736 # From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 1737 # For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 1738 # Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 1739 1740 # From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 1741 # We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 1742 # Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 1743 # there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 1744 # Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykanen (2005-05-16) reports that 1745 # travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UTC+7, UTC+8) with no DST. 1746 # Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 1747 # Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 1748 # He also found 1749 # <http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1&> 1750 # which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 1751 # (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 1752 # The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 1753 # and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sukhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 1754 # The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 1755 # parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 1756 # For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 1757 1758 # From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 1759 # Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 1760 # They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 1761 # http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 1762 1763 # From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 1764 # We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 1765 # Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 1766 # +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 1767 # database on this, e.g.: 1768 # 1769 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026"> 1770 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 1771 # </a> 1772 # <a href="http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx"> 1773 # http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 1774 # </a> 1775 # 1776 # both say GMT+08:00. 1777 1778 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 1779 # eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 1780 # schedule here: 1781 # <a href="http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112"> 1782 # http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 1783 # </a> 1784 # (click the English flag for English) 1785 # 1786 # There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbatar arrive 1787 # about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 1788 # direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khvod takes 2 hours in the Eastern 1789 # direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbatar and Khvod are 1790 # in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 1791 # Ulaanbatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 1792 1793 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1794 # Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 1795 # XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 1796 # was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 1797 # this is almost surely wrong. 1798 1799 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1800 Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 1801 Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1802 # Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 1803 # but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 1804 # (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 1805 # 1806 # Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 1807 # in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sukhbaatar) took place 1808 # at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 1809 # the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 1810 # correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 1811 # in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 1812 1813 Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1814 Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1815 # IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 1816 Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1817 Rule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 1818 Rule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S 1819 1820 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1821 # Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 1822 Zone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 1823 6:00 - HOVT 1978 # Hovd Time 1824 7:00 Mongol HOV%sT 1825 # Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 1826 Zone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 1827 7:00 - ULAT 1978 # Ulaanbaatar Time 1828 8:00 Mongol ULA%sT 1829 # Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tuemen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 1830 # Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 1831 Zone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 1832 7:00 - ULAT 1978 1833 8:00 - ULAT 1983 Apr 1834 9:00 Mongol CHO%sT 2008 Mar 31 # Choibalsan Time 1835 8:00 Mongol CHO%sT 1836 1837 # Nepal 1838 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1839 Zone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 1840 5:30 - IST 1986 1841 5:45 - NPT # Nepal Time 1842 1843 # Oman 1844 1845 # Milne says 3:54:24 was the meridian of the Muscat Tidal Observatory. 1846 1847 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1848 Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:24 - LMT 1920 1849 4:00 - GST 1850 1851 # Pakistan 1852 1853 # From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 1854 # I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 1855 # TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 1856 # and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 1857 # told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 1858 # 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 1859 1860 # From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 1861 # Jesper Norgaard found this URL: 1862 # http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 1863 # (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 1864 # advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 1865 # Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 1866 # 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 1867 # but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 1868 # it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 1869 # and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 1870 # transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 1871 1872 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 1873 # DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 1874 # that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 1875 1876 # From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 1877 # According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 1878 # there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 1879 # 1880 # ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 1881 # Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 1882 # decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 1883 # one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 1884 # 1885 # The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 1886 # shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 1887 1888 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 1889 # 1890 # Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 1891 # on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 1892 # 1893 # "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to help 1894 # reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 9pm and 1895 # moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. 1896 # ...." 1897 # 1898 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html"> 1899 # http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 1900 # </a> 1901 # OR 1902 # <a href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4"> 1903 # http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 1904 # </a> 1905 1906 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 1907 # XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 1908 1909 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 1910 # Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 1911 # for another 2 months--plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 1912 # instead of August 31. 1913 # 1914 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html"> 1915 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 1916 # </a> 1917 # OR 1918 # <a href="http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html"> 1919 # http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 1920 # </a> 1921 1922 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 1923 # Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 1924 # advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 1925 # to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 1926 # official working." 1927 # <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280"> 1928 # http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 1929 # </a> 1930 # 1931 # recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 1932 # introduce DST from April 15, 2009 1933 # 1934 # FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 1935 # April 08, 2009 1936 # Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 1937 # <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1"> 1938 # http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 1939 # </a> 1940 # 1941 # or 1942 # 1943 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html"> 1944 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 1945 # </a> 1946 # 1947 # .... 1948 # The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 1949 # advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 1950 # conserve energy" 1951 1952 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-17): 1953 # "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal 1954 # Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the 1955 # clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to 1956 # this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in 1957 # this regard." 1958 # <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168"> 1959 # http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168 1960 # </a> 1961 1962 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28): 1963 # According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that 1964 # Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October 1965 # 1, 2009. 1966 # 1967 # "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct" 1968 # <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2"> 1969 # http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2 1970 # </a> 1971 # or 1972 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm"> 1973 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm 1974 # </a> 1975 1976 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29): 1977 # Alexander Krivenyshev wrote: 1978 # > According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that 1979 # > Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from October 1980 # > 1, 2009. 1981 # 1982 # Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date: 1983 # <a href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742"> 1984 # http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742 1985 # </a> 1986 # "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1. 1987 # Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on 1988 # Monday." 1989 # 1990 # And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year: 1991 # "It has now been decided that clocks will be wound forward by one hour 1992 # on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without 1993 # obtaining prior approval, the officials added." 1994 # 1995 # We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of 1996 # Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company: 1997 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html"> 1998 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html 1999 # </a> 2000 2001 # From Christoph Goehre (2009-10-01): 2002 # [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan 2003 # will go back to standard time on 1st of November. 2004 2005 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-26): 2006 # Steffen Thorsen wrote: 2007 # > On Thursday (2010-03-25) it was announced that DST would start in 2008 # > Pakistan on 2010-04-01. 2009 # > 2010 # > Then today, the president said that they might have to revert the 2011 # > decision if it is not supported by the parliament. So at the time 2012 # > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not - but 2013 # > April 1 could be a more likely date than April 15. 2014 # Now, it seems that the decision to not observe DST in final: 2015 # 2016 # "Govt Withdraws Plan To Advance Clocks" 2017 # <a href="http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041"> 2018 # http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041 2019 # </a> 2020 # 2021 # "People laud PM's announcement to end DST" 2022 # <a href="http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2"> 2023 # http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2 2024 # </a> 2025 2026 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2027 Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:01 1:00 S 2028 Rule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:01 0 - 2029 Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 2030 Rule Pakistan 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2031 Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 2032 Rule Pakistan 2009 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2033 2034 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2035 Zone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 2036 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 2037 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 15 2038 5:30 - IST 1951 Sep 30 2039 5:00 - KART 1971 Mar 26 # Karachi Time 2040 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 2041 2042 # Palestine 2043 2044 # From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 2045 # 2046 # From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 2047 # known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 2048 # Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 2049 # 2050 # The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 2051 # (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 2052 # time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 2053 # though. 2054 # 2055 # The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 2056 # annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 2057 # the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 2058 # Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 2059 # towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 2060 # East Jerusalem. 2061 # 2062 # Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 2063 # for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 2064 # have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 2065 # of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 2066 # time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 2067 # 2068 # The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 2069 # towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 2070 # demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 2071 # summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 2072 # know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 2073 # Jordanian one). 2074 # 2075 # To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 2076 # 2077 # Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 2078 # ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 2079 # Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 2080 # West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 2081 # Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 2082 # 2083 # I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 2084 # have one). 2085 2086 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 2087 # Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 2088 # with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 2089 # and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 2090 # We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 2091 # the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 2092 # occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 2093 # However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 2094 # for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 2095 # to Palestine's rules. 2096 2097 # From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 2098 # forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 2099 # 2100 # Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 2101 # last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 2102 # one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 2103 # the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 2104 2105 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 2106 # Daoud Kuttab writes in 2107 # <a href="http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html"> 2108 # Holiday havoc 2109 # </a> (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 2110 # the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 2111 # I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 2112 # For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 2113 # and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 2114 2115 # From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 2116 # Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 2117 2118 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 2119 # A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 2120 # the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 2121 # there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 2122 # earlier--the same goes for Jordan. 2123 2124 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 2125 # I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 2126 # same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 2127 # was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 2128 # able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 2129 # Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 2130 # the West Bank. 2131 2132 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 2133 # according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 2134 # http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 2135 # > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 2136 # > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 2137 # > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 2138 # I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 2139 # because of the Ramadan. 2140 2141 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 2142 # According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 2143 # Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 2144 2145 # From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 2146 # My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 2147 # the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 2148 # surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 2149 # For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 2150 # the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 2151 2152 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 2153 # Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 2154 # 2155 # Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 2156 # the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 2157 # 2158 # <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001"> 2159 # http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 2160 # </a> 2161 # <a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087"> 2162 # http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 2163 # </a> 2164 # or 2165 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html"> 2166 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 2167 # </a> 2168 2169 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 2170 # According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 2171 # government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 2172 # 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 2173 # 2174 # (in Arabic) 2175 # <a href="http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850"> 2176 # http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 2177 # </a> 2178 # 2179 # or 2180 # (English translation) 2181 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html"> 2182 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 2183 # </a> 2184 2185 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31): 2186 # Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to 2187 # winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04. 2188 # 2189 # One news source: 2190 # <a href="http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158"> 2191 # http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158 2192 # </a> 2193 # (Palestinian press agency, Arabic), 2194 # Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah 2195 # headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of 2196 # 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty 2197 # minutes per hour as of Friday morning." 2198 # 2199 # We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different 2200 # end date, we will keep this page updated: 2201 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html"> 2202 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html 2203 # </a> 2204 2205 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02): 2206 # Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank. 2207 # 2208 # According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan 2209 # to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009. 2210 # 2211 # "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza" 2212 # (from Palestinian National Authority): 2213 # <a href="http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 2214 # http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 2215 # </a> 2216 # or 2217 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html> 2218 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html 2219 # </a> 2220 2221 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-19): 2222 # According to Voice of Palestine DST will last for 191 days, from March 2223 # 26, 2010 till "the last Sunday before the tenth day of Tishri 2224 # (October), each year" (October 03, 2010?) 2225 # 2226 # <a href="http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697"> 2227 # http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697 2228 # </a> 2229 # (in Arabic) 2230 # or 2231 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html"> 2232 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html 2233 # </a> 2234 2235 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-24): 2236 # ...Ma'an News Agency reports that Hamas cabinet has decided it will 2237 # start one day later, at 12:01am. Not sure if they really mean 12:01am or 2238 # noon though: 2239 # 2240 # <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178"> 2241 # http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178 2242 # </a> 2243 # (Ma'an News Agency) 2244 # "At 12:01am Friday, clocks in Israel and the West Bank will change to 2245 # 1:01am, while Gaza clocks will change at 12:01am Saturday morning." 2246 2247 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-08-11): 2248 # According to several sources, including 2249 # <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795"> 2250 # http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795 2251 # </a> 2252 # the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in 2253 # Gaza and the West Bank. 2254 # Some more background info: 2255 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html"> 2256 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html 2257 # </a> 2258 2259 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-08-26): 2260 # Gaza and the West Bank did go back to standard time in the beginning of 2261 # August, and will now enter daylight saving time again on 2011-08-30 2262 # 00:00 (so two periods of DST in 2011). The pause was because of 2263 # Ramadan. 2264 # 2265 # <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217"> 2266 # http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217 2267 # </a> 2268 # Additional info: 2269 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html"> 2270 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html 2271 # </a> 2272 2273 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-08-27): 2274 # According to the article in The Jerusalem Post: 2275 # "...Earlier this month, the Palestinian government in the West Bank decided to 2276 # move to standard time for 30 days, during Ramadan. The Palestinians in the 2277 # Gaza Strip accepted the change and also moved their clocks one hour back. 2278 # The Hamas government said on Saturday that it won't observe summertime after 2279 # the Muslim feast of Id al-Fitr, which begins on Tuesday..." 2280 # ... 2281 # <a href="http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650"> 2282 # http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650 2283 # </a> 2284 # or 2285 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html"> 2286 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html 2287 # </a> 2288 # The rules for Egypt are stolen from the `africa' file. 2289 2290 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-09-30): 2291 # West Bank did end Daylight Saving Time this morning/midnight (2011-09-30 2292 # 00:00). 2293 # So West Bank and Gaza now have the same time again. 2294 # 2295 # Many sources, including: 2296 # <a href="http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808"> 2297 # http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808 2298 # </a> 2299 2300 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 2301 # Palestinian news sources tell that both Gaza and West Bank will start DST 2302 # on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00). 2303 # Some of many sources in Arabic: 2304 # <a href="http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638"> 2305 # http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638 2306 # </a> 2307 # 2308 # <a href="http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html"> 2309 # http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html 2310 # </a> 2311 # 2312 # Our brief summary: 2313 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html"> 2314 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html 2315 # </a> 2316 2317 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26): 2318 # The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving 2319 # time from midnight on Friday, March 29, 2013" (translated). 2320 # [These are in Arabic and are for Gaza and for Ramallah, respectively.] 2321 # http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=154120 2322 # http://safa.ps/details/news/99844/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-29-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A.html 2323 2324 # From Paul Eggert (2013-04-15): 2325 # For future dates, guess the last Thursday in March at 24:00 through 2326 # the first Friday on or after September 21 at 01:00. This is consistent with 2327 # the predictions in today's editions of the following URLs, 2328 # which are for Gaza and Hebron respectively: 2329 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=702 2330 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=2364 2331 2332 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2333 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 2334 Rule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2335 Rule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 2336 Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 2337 Rule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 2338 Rule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 2339 2340 Rule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 2341 Rule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 2342 Rule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 2343 Rule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 2344 Rule Palestine 2006 2007 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2345 Rule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2346 Rule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 2347 Rule Palestine 2008 2009 - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2348 Rule Palestine 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 2349 Rule Palestine 2009 only - Sep Fri>=1 1:00 0 - 2350 Rule Palestine 2010 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 2351 Rule Palestine 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - 2352 Rule Palestine 2011 only - Apr 1 0:01 1:00 S 2353 Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 2354 Rule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 30 0:00 1:00 S 2355 Rule Palestine 2011 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 2356 Rule Palestine 2012 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 2357 Rule Palestine 2012 max - Sep Fri>=21 1:00 0 - 2358 2359 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2360 Zone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 2361 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 2362 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 2363 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 2364 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 2365 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00 2366 2:00 - EET 2008 Sep 2367 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2010 2368 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01 2369 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Aug 1 2370 2:00 - EET 2012 2371 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2372 2373 Zone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct 2374 2:00 Zion EET 1948 May 15 2375 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 2376 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 2377 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 2378 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2379 2380 # Paracel Is 2381 # no information 2382 2383 # Philippines 2384 # On 1844-08-16, Narciso Claveria, governor-general of the 2385 # Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 2386 # be immediately followed by 1845-01-01. Robert H. van Gent has a 2387 # transcript of the decree in <http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/idl/idl.htm>. 2388 # The rest of the data are from Shanks & Pottenger. 2389 2390 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 2391 # Tomorrow's Manila Standard reports that the Philippines Department of 2392 # Trade and Industry is considering adopting DST this June when the 2393 # rainy season begins. See 2394 # <http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=politics02_april26_2006>. 2395 # For now, we'll ignore this, since it's not definite and we lack details. 2396 # 2397 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 2398 # ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 2399 # http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 2400 # [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 2401 # but no details] 2402 2403 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2404 Rule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S 2405 Rule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 - 2406 Rule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 S 2407 Rule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 - 2408 Rule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 S 2409 Rule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - 2410 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2411 Zone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 2412 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 2413 8:00 Phil PH%sT 1942 May 2414 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 2415 8:00 Phil PH%sT 2416 2417 # Qatar 2418 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2419 Zone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 2420 4:00 - GST 1972 Jun 2421 3:00 - AST 2422 2423 # Saudi Arabia 2424 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2425 Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950 2426 3:00 - AST 2427 2428 # Singapore 2429 # The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 2430 # <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>. 2431 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2432 Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 2433 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 2434 7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time 2435 7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1 2436 7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1 2437 7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16 2438 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12 2439 7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence 2440 7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time 2441 8:00 - SGT 2442 2443 # Spratly Is 2444 # no information 2445 2446 # Sri Lanka 2447 2448 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 2449 # Milne says "Madras mean time use from May 1, 1898. Prior to this Colombo 2450 # mean time, 5h. 4m. 21.9s. F., was used." But 5:04:21.9 differs considerably 2451 # from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with 2452 # Shanks and Pottenger. 2453 2454 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 2455 # "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 2456 # (www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html, 1996-05-24, 2457 # no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 2458 # reported ``the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 2459 # midnight Friday (1830 GMT) `in the light of the present power crisis'.'' 2460 # 2461 # From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 2462 # by Shamindra in 2463 # <a href="news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net"> 2464 # Daily News - Hot News Section (1996-10-26) 2465 # </a>: 2466 # With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 2467 # Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 2468 2469 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 2470 # <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 2471 # 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 2472 # at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 2473 2474 # From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: 2475 # <http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML> 2476 # [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 2477 # kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 2478 # Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 2479 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 2480 # People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 2481 # as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 2482 2483 # From K Sethu (2006-04-25): 2484 # I think the abbreviation LKT originated from the world of computers at 2485 # the time of or subsequent to the time zone changes by SL Government 2486 # twice in 1996 and probably SL Government or its standardization 2487 # agencies never declared an abbreviation as a national standard. 2488 # 2489 # I recollect before the recent change the government annoucemments 2490 # mentioning it as simply changing Sri Lanka Standard Time or Sri Lanka 2491 # Time and no mention was made about the abbreviation. 2492 # 2493 # If we look at Sri Lanka Department of Government's "Official News 2494 # Website of Sri Lanka" ... http://www.news.lk/ we can see that they 2495 # use SLT as abbreviation in time stamp at the beginning of each news 2496 # item.... 2497 # 2498 # Within Sri Lanka I think LKT is well known among computer users and 2499 # adminsitrators. In my opinion SLT may not be a good choice because the 2500 # nation's largest telcom / internet operator Sri Lanka Telcom is well 2501 # known by that abbreviation - simply as SLT (there IP domains are 2502 # slt.lk and sltnet.lk). 2503 # 2504 # But if indeed our government has adopted SLT as standard abbreviation 2505 # (that we have not known so far) then it is better that it be used for 2506 # all computers. 2507 2508 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25): 2509 # One possibility is that we wait for a bit for the dust to settle down 2510 # and then see what people actually say in practice. 2511 2512 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2513 Zone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 2514 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 2515 5:30 - IST 1942 Jan 5 2516 5:30 0:30 IHST 1942 Sep 2517 5:30 1:00 IST 1945 Oct 16 2:00 2518 5:30 - IST 1996 May 25 0:00 2519 6:30 - LKT 1996 Oct 26 0:30 2520 6:00 - LKT 2006 Apr 15 0:30 2521 5:30 - IST 2522 2523 # Syria 2524 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2525 Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 2526 Rule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 2527 Rule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 2528 Rule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2529 Rule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 2530 Rule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2531 Rule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2532 Rule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2533 Rule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 2534 Rule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2535 Rule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 2536 Rule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 2537 Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 2538 Rule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2539 Rule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 2540 Rule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 2541 Rule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 2542 Rule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 2543 Rule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 2544 Rule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 2545 Rule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 2546 Rule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 2547 Rule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 2548 Rule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2549 Rule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2550 Rule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 2551 Rule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 2552 Rule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 2553 # IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 2554 # (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 2555 # 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 2556 # (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 2557 # for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 2558 # except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 2559 Rule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2560 Rule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2561 Rule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 2562 Rule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2563 # From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 2564 # According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 2565 # this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 2566 Rule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 2567 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 2568 # Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 2569 # http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 2570 Rule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2571 # From Jesper Norgard (2007-10-27): 2572 # The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 2573 # not take place 1.st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1.st November at 24:00 or 2574 # rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sence than 2575 # having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 2576 # weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 2577 # it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 2578 # 2579 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 2580 # Jesper Norgaard Welen wrote: 2581 # 2582 # > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 2583 # > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 2584 # 2585 # I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 2586 # http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 2587 # 2588 # which using Google's translate tools says: 2589 # Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 2590 # identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 2591 # minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 2592 Rule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 2593 2594 # From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 2595 # For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for 2596 # this month (March 2008) in the last day or so...This is the data IATA 2597 # are now using: 2598 # Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 2599 # Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 2600 # Variation 2601 # Syrian Arab 2602 # Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 2603 # 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 2604 # 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 2605 2606 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 2607 # Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 2608 # Agency (SANA)... 2609 # <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm"> 2610 # http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 2611 # </a>...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 2612 # Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 2613 # 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 2614 # Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 2615 # shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 2616 2617 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2618 # My buest guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 2619 # coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 2620 # compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 2621 # For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 2622 2623 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 2624 # Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 2625 # according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 2626 # 2627 # The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 2628 # winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 2629 # clocks back 60 minutes). 2630 # 2631 # <a href="http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm"> 2632 # http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 2633 # </a> 2634 2635 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): 2636 # Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, 2637 # two examples: 2638 # 2639 # <a href="http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm"> 2640 # http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm 2641 # </a> 2642 # (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) 2643 # <a href="http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209"> 2644 # http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 2645 # </a> 2646 # (Arabic, gov-site) 2647 # 2648 # We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. 2649 # 2650 # Our summary 2651 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html"> 2652 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html 2653 # </a> 2654 2655 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27): 2656 # The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will 2657 # revert back to winter (standard) time on midnight between Thursday 2658 # 2009-10-29 and Friday 2009-10-30: 2659 # <a href="http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm"> 2660 # http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm (Arabic) 2661 # </a> 2662 2663 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 2664 # We'll see if future DST switching times turn out to be end of the last 2665 # Thursday of the month or the start of the last Friday of the month or 2666 # something else. For now, use the start of the last Friday. 2667 2668 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-17): 2669 # The "Syrian News Station" reported on 2010-03-16 that the Council of 2670 # Ministers has decided that Syria will start DST on midnight Thursday 2671 # 2010-04-01: (midnight between Thursday and Friday): 2672 # <a href="http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421"> 2673 # http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421 (Arabic) 2674 # </a> 2675 2676 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 2677 # Today, Syria's government announced that they will start DST early on Friday 2678 # (00:00). This is a bit earlier than the past two years. 2679 # 2680 # From Syrian Arab News Agency, in Arabic: 2681 # <a href="http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm"> 2682 # http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm 2683 # </a> 2684 # 2685 # Our brief summary: 2686 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html"> 2687 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html 2688 # </a> 2689 2690 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-27): 2691 # Assume last Friday in March going forward XXX. 2692 2693 Rule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2694 Rule Syria 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2695 Rule Syria 2009 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2696 Rule Syria 2010 2011 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2697 Rule Syria 2012 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 2698 Rule Syria 2009 max - Oct lastFri 0:00 0 - 2699 2700 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2701 Zone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 2702 2:00 Syria EE%sT 2703 2704 # Tajikistan 2705 # From Shanks & Pottenger. 2706 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2707 Zone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2708 5:00 - DUST 1930 Jun 21 # Dushanbe Time 2709 6:00 RussiaAsia DUS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2710 5:00 1:00 DUSST 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 2711 5:00 - TJT # Tajikistan Time 2712 2713 # Thailand 2714 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2715 Zone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 2716 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 2717 7:00 - ICT 2718 2719 # Turkmenistan 2720 # From Shanks & Pottenger. 2721 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2722 Zone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 2723 4:00 - ASHT 1930 Jun 21 # Ashkhabad Time 2724 5:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2725 4:00 RussiaAsia ASH%sT 1991 Oct 27 # independence 2726 4:00 RussiaAsia TM%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 2727 5:00 - TMT 2728 2729 # United Arab Emirates 2730 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2731 Zone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 2732 4:00 - GST 2733 2734 # Uzbekistan 2735 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2736 Zone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2737 4:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samarkand Time 2738 5:00 - SAMT 1981 Apr 1 2739 5:00 1:00 SAMST 1981 Oct 1 2740 6:00 - TAST 1982 Apr 1 # Tashkent Time 2741 5:00 RussiaAsia SAM%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2742 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2743 5:00 - UZT 2744 Zone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 2745 5:00 - TAST 1930 Jun 21 # Tashkent Time 2746 6:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2747 5:00 RussiaAsia TAS%sT 1991 Sep 1 # independence 2748 5:00 RussiaAsia UZ%sT 1992 2749 5:00 - UZT 2750 2751 # Vietnam 2752 2753 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 2754 # Milne gives 7:16:56 for the meridian of Saigon in 1899, as being 2755 # used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam. But this is quite a ways 2756 # from Saigon's location. For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks 2757 # and Pottenger. 2758 2759 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 2760 # The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Min City"; 2761 # we use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 2762 2763 # From Shanks & Pottenger: 2764 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2765 Zone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jun 9 2766 7:06:20 - SMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Saigon MT? 2767 7:00 - ICT 1912 May 2768 8:00 - ICT 1931 May 2769 7:00 - ICT 2770 2771 # Yemen 2772 2773 # Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden, 2774 # and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia. 2775 2776 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2777 Zone Asia/Aden 2:59:54 - LMT 1950 2778 3:00 - AST