--- old/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Collection.java	2017-12-07 14:44:06.000000000 -0800
+++ new/src/java.base/share/classes/java/util/Collection.java	2017-12-07 14:44:06.000000000 -0800
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 package java.util;
 
+import java.util.function.IntFunction;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 import java.util.stream.StreamSupport;
@@ -276,8 +277,12 @@
      * allocate a new array even if this collection is backed by an array).
      * The caller is thus free to modify the returned array.
      *
-     * <p>This method acts as bridge between array-based and collection-based
-     * APIs.
+     * @apiNote
+     * This method acts as a bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs.
+     * It returns an array whose runtime type is {@code Object[]}.
+     * Use {@link #toArray(Object[]) toArray(T[])} to reuse an existing
+     * array, or use {@link #toArray(IntFunction)} to control the runtime type
+     * of the array.
      *
      * @return an array, whose {@linkplain Class#getComponentType runtime component
      * type} is {@code Object}, containing all of the elements in this collection
@@ -302,19 +307,27 @@
      * are returned by its iterator, this method must return the elements in
      * the same order.
      *
-     * <p>Like the {@link #toArray()} method, this method acts as bridge between
-     * array-based and collection-based APIs.  Further, this method allows
-     * precise control over the runtime type of the output array, and may,
-     * under certain circumstances, be used to save allocation costs.
+     * @apiNote
+     * This method acts as a bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs.
+     * It allows an existing array to be reused under certain circumstances.
+     * Use {@link #toArray()} to create an array whose runtime type is {@code Object[]},
+     * or use {@link #toArray(IntFunction)} to control the runtime type of
+     * the array.
      *
      * <p>Suppose {@code x} is a collection known to contain only strings.
-     * The following code can be used to dump the collection into a newly
-     * allocated array of {@code String}:
+     * The following code can be used to dump the collection into a previously
+     * allocated {@code String} array:
      *
      * <pre>
-     *     String[] y = x.toArray(new String[0]);</pre>
+     *     String[] y = new String[SIZE];
+     *     ...
+     *     y = x.toArray(y);</pre>
+     *
+     * <p>The return value is reassigned to the variable {@code y}, because a
+     * new array will be allocated and returned if the collection {@code x} has
+     * too many elements to fit into the existing array {@code y}.
      *
-     * Note that {@code toArray(new Object[0])} is identical in function to
+     * <p>Note that {@code toArray(new Object[0])} is identical in function to
      * {@code toArray()}.
      *
      * @param <T> the component type of the array to contain the collection
@@ -329,6 +342,45 @@
      */
     <T> T[] toArray(T[] a);
 
+    /**
+     * Returns an array containing all of the elements in this collection,
+     * using the provided {@code generator} function to allocate the returned array.
+     *
+     * <p>If this collection makes any guarantees as to what order its elements
+     * are returned by its iterator, this method must return the elements in
+     * the same order.
+     *
+     * @apiNote
+     * This method acts as a bridge between array-based and collection-based APIs.
+     * It allows creation of an array of a particular runtime type. Use
+     * {@link #toArray()} to create an array whose runtime type is {@code Object[]},
+     * or use {@link #toArray(Object[]) toArray(T[])} to reuse an existing array.
+     *
+     * <p>Suppose {@code x} is a collection known to contain only strings.
+     * The following code can be used to dump the collection into a newly
+     * allocated array of {@code String}:
+     *
+     * <pre>
+     *     String[] y = x.toArray(String[]::new);</pre>
+     *
+     * @implSpec
+     * The default implementation calls the generator function with zero
+     * and then passes the resulting array to {@link #toArray(Object[]) toArray(T[])}.
+     *
+     * @param <T> the component type of the array to contain the collection
+     * @param generator a function which produces a new array of the desired
+     *                  type and the provided length
+     * @return an array containing all of the elements in this collection
+     * @throws ArrayStoreException if the runtime type of any element in this
+     *         collection is not assignable to the {@linkplain Class#getComponentType
+     *         runtime component type} of the generated array
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the generator function is null
+     * @since 10
+     */
+    default <T> T[] toArray(IntFunction<T[]> generator) {
+        return toArray(generator.apply(0));
+    }
+
     // Modification Operations
 
     /**