1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2015, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "code/nmethod.hpp"
  27 #include "code/dependencies.hpp"
  28 #include "code/dependencyContext.hpp"
  29 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  30 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
  31 #include "runtime/perfData.hpp"
  32 #include "utilities/exceptions.hpp"
  33 
  34 PerfCounter* DependencyContext::_perf_total_buckets_allocated_count   = NULL;
  35 PerfCounter* DependencyContext::_perf_total_buckets_deallocated_count = NULL;
  36 PerfCounter* DependencyContext::_perf_total_buckets_stale_count       = NULL;
  37 PerfCounter* DependencyContext::_perf_total_buckets_stale_acc_count   = NULL;
  38 nmethodBucket* volatile DependencyContext::_purge_list                = NULL;
  39 volatile uint64_t DependencyContext::_cleaning_epoch                  = 0;
  40 uint64_t  DependencyContext::_cleaning_epoch_monotonic                = 0;
  41 
  42 void dependencyContext_init() {
  43   DependencyContext::init();
  44 }
  45 
  46 void DependencyContext::init() {
  47   if (UsePerfData) {
  48     EXCEPTION_MARK;
  49     _perf_total_buckets_allocated_count =
  50         PerfDataManager::create_counter(SUN_CI, "nmethodBucketsAllocated", PerfData::U_Events, CHECK);
  51     _perf_total_buckets_deallocated_count =
  52         PerfDataManager::create_counter(SUN_CI, "nmethodBucketsDeallocated", PerfData::U_Events, CHECK);
  53     _perf_total_buckets_stale_count =
  54         PerfDataManager::create_counter(SUN_CI, "nmethodBucketsStale", PerfData::U_Events, CHECK);
  55     _perf_total_buckets_stale_acc_count =
  56         PerfDataManager::create_counter(SUN_CI, "nmethodBucketsStaleAccumulated", PerfData::U_Events, CHECK);
  57   }
  58 }
  59 
  60 //
  61 // Walk the list of dependent nmethods searching for nmethods which
  62 // are dependent on the changes that were passed in and mark them for
  63 // deoptimization.  Returns the number of nmethods found.
  64 //
  65 int DependencyContext::mark_dependent_nmethods(DepChange& changes) {
  66   int found = 0;
  67   for (nmethodBucket* b = dependencies_not_unloading(); b != NULL; b = b->next_not_unloading()) {
  68     nmethod* nm = b->get_nmethod();
  69     // since dependencies aren't removed until an nmethod becomes a zombie,
  70     // the dependency list may contain nmethods which aren't alive.
  71     if (b->count() > 0 && nm->is_alive() && !nm->is_marked_for_deoptimization() && nm->check_dependency_on(changes)) {
  72       if (TraceDependencies) {
  73         ResourceMark rm;
  74         tty->print_cr("Marked for deoptimization");
  75         changes.print();
  76         nm->print();
  77         nm->print_dependencies();
  78       }
  79       changes.mark_for_deoptimization(nm);
  80       found++;
  81     }
  82   }
  83   return found;
  84 }
  85 
  86 //
  87 // Add an nmethod to the dependency context.
  88 // It's possible that an nmethod has multiple dependencies on a klass
  89 // so a count is kept for each bucket to guarantee that creation and
  90 // deletion of dependencies is consistent.
  91 //
  92 void DependencyContext::add_dependent_nmethod(nmethod* nm) {
  93   assert_lock_strong(CodeCache_lock);
  94   for (nmethodBucket* b = dependencies_not_unloading(); b != NULL; b = b->next_not_unloading()) {
  95     if (nm == b->get_nmethod()) {
  96       b->increment();
  97       return;
  98     }
  99   }
 100   nmethodBucket* new_head = new nmethodBucket(nm, NULL);
 101   for (;;) {
 102     nmethodBucket* head = Atomic::load(_dependency_context_addr);
 103     new_head->set_next(head);
 104     if (Atomic::cmpxchg(new_head, _dependency_context_addr, head) == head) {
 105       break;
 106     }
 107   }
 108   if (UsePerfData) {
 109     _perf_total_buckets_allocated_count->inc();
 110   }
 111 }
 112 
 113 void DependencyContext::release(nmethodBucket* b) {
 114   bool expunge = Atomic::load(&_cleaning_epoch) == 0;
 115   if (expunge) {
 116     assert_locked_or_safepoint(CodeCache_lock);
 117     delete b;
 118     if (UsePerfData) {
 119       _perf_total_buckets_deallocated_count->inc();
 120     }
 121   } else {
 122     // Mark the context as having stale entries, since it is not safe to
 123     // expunge the list right now.
 124     for (;;) {
 125       nmethodBucket* purge_list_head = Atomic::load(&_purge_list);
 126       b->set_purge_list_next(purge_list_head);
 127       if (Atomic::cmpxchg(b, &_purge_list, purge_list_head) == purge_list_head) {
 128         break;
 129       }
 130     }
 131     if (UsePerfData) {
 132       _perf_total_buckets_stale_count->inc();
 133       _perf_total_buckets_stale_acc_count->inc();
 134     }
 135   }
 136 }
 137 
 138 //
 139 // Remove an nmethod dependency from the context.
 140 // Decrement count of the nmethod in the dependency list and, optionally, remove
 141 // the bucket completely when the count goes to 0.  This method must find
 142 // a corresponding bucket otherwise there's a bug in the recording of dependencies.
 143 // Can be called concurrently by parallel GC threads.
 144 //
 145 void DependencyContext::remove_dependent_nmethod(nmethod* nm) {
 146   assert_locked_or_safepoint(CodeCache_lock);
 147   nmethodBucket* first = dependencies_not_unloading();
 148   nmethodBucket* last = NULL;
 149   for (nmethodBucket* b = first; b != NULL; b = b->next_not_unloading()) {
 150     if (nm == b->get_nmethod()) {
 151       int val = b->decrement();
 152       guarantee(val >= 0, "Underflow: %d", val);
 153       if (val == 0) {
 154         if (last == NULL) {
 155           // If there was not a head that was not unloading, we can set a new
 156           // head without a CAS, because we know there is no contending cleanup.
 157           set_dependencies(b->next_not_unloading());
 158         } else {
 159           // Only supports a single inserting thread (protected by CodeCache_lock)
 160           // for now. Therefore, the next pointer only competes with another cleanup
 161           // operation. That interaction does not need a CAS.
 162           last->set_next(b->next_not_unloading());
 163         }
 164         release(b);
 165       }
 166       return;
 167     }
 168     last = b;
 169   }
 170 }
 171 
 172 //
 173 // Reclaim all unused buckets.
 174 //
 175 void DependencyContext::purge_dependency_contexts() {
 176   int removed = 0;
 177   for (nmethodBucket* b = _purge_list; b != NULL;) {
 178     nmethodBucket* next = b->purge_list_next();
 179     removed++;
 180     delete b;
 181     b = next;
 182   }
 183   if (UsePerfData && removed > 0) {
 184     _perf_total_buckets_deallocated_count->inc(removed);
 185   }
 186   _purge_list = NULL;
 187 }
 188 
 189 //
 190 // Cleanup a dependency context by unlinking and placing all dependents corresponding
 191 // to is_unloading nmethods on a purge list, which will be deleted later when it is safe.
 192 void DependencyContext::clean_unloading_dependents() {
 193   if (!claim_cleanup()) {
 194     // Somebody else is cleaning up this dependency context.
 195     return;
 196   }
 197   // Walk the nmethodBuckets and move dead entries on the purge list, which will
 198   // be deleted during ClassLoaderDataGraph::purge().
 199   nmethodBucket* b = dependencies_not_unloading();
 200   while (b != NULL) {
 201     nmethodBucket* next = b->next_not_unloading();
 202     b = next;
 203   }
 204 }
 205 
 206 //
 207 // Invalidate all dependencies in the context
 208 int DependencyContext::remove_all_dependents() {
 209   nmethodBucket* b = dependencies_not_unloading();
 210   set_dependencies(NULL);
 211   int marked = 0;
 212   int removed = 0;
 213   while (b != NULL) {
 214     nmethod* nm = b->get_nmethod();
 215     if (b->count() > 0 && nm->is_alive() && !nm->is_marked_for_deoptimization()) {
 216       nm->mark_for_deoptimization();
 217       marked++;
 218     }
 219     nmethodBucket* next = b->next_not_unloading();
 220     removed++;
 221     release(b);
 222     b = next;
 223   }
 224   if (UsePerfData && removed > 0) {
 225     _perf_total_buckets_deallocated_count->inc(removed);
 226   }
 227   return marked;
 228 }
 229 
 230 #ifndef PRODUCT
 231 void DependencyContext::print_dependent_nmethods(bool verbose) {
 232   int idx = 0;
 233   for (nmethodBucket* b = dependencies_not_unloading(); b != NULL; b = b->next_not_unloading()) {
 234     nmethod* nm = b->get_nmethod();
 235     tty->print("[%d] count=%d { ", idx++, b->count());
 236     if (!verbose) {
 237       nm->print_on(tty, "nmethod");
 238       tty->print_cr(" } ");
 239     } else {
 240       nm->print();
 241       nm->print_dependencies();
 242       tty->print_cr("--- } ");
 243     }
 244   }
 245 }
 246 
 247 bool DependencyContext::is_dependent_nmethod(nmethod* nm) {
 248   for (nmethodBucket* b = dependencies_not_unloading(); b != NULL; b = b->next_not_unloading()) {
 249     if (nm == b->get_nmethod()) {
 250 #ifdef ASSERT
 251       int count = b->count();
 252       assert(count >= 0, "count shouldn't be negative: %d", count);
 253 #endif
 254       return true;
 255     }
 256   }
 257   return false;
 258 }
 259 
 260 #endif //PRODUCT
 261 
 262 int nmethodBucket::decrement() {
 263   return Atomic::sub(&_count, 1);
 264 }
 265 
 266 // We use a monotonically increasing epoch counter to track the last epoch a given
 267 // dependency context was cleaned. GC threads claim cleanup tasks by performing
 268 // a CAS on this value.
 269 bool DependencyContext::claim_cleanup() {
 270   uint64_t cleaning_epoch = Atomic::load(&_cleaning_epoch);
 271   uint64_t last_cleanup = Atomic::load(_last_cleanup_addr);
 272   if (last_cleanup >= cleaning_epoch) {
 273     return false;
 274   }
 275   return Atomic::cmpxchg(cleaning_epoch, _last_cleanup_addr, last_cleanup) == last_cleanup;
 276 }
 277 
 278 // Retrieve the first nmethodBucket that has a dependent that does not correspond to
 279 // an is_unloading nmethod. Any nmethodBucket entries observed from the original head
 280 // that is_unloading() will be unlinked and placed on the purge list.
 281 nmethodBucket* DependencyContext::dependencies_not_unloading() {
 282   for (;;) {
 283     // Need acquire becase the read value could come from a concurrent insert.
 284     nmethodBucket* head = Atomic::load_acquire(_dependency_context_addr);
 285     if (head == NULL || !head->get_nmethod()->is_unloading()) {
 286       return head;
 287     }
 288     nmethodBucket* head_next = head->next();
 289     OrderAccess::loadload();
 290     if (Atomic::load(_dependency_context_addr) != head) {
 291       // Unstable load of head w.r.t. head->next
 292       continue;
 293     }
 294     if (Atomic::cmpxchg(head_next, _dependency_context_addr, head) == head) {
 295       // Release is_unloading entries if unlinking was claimed
 296       DependencyContext::release(head);
 297     }
 298   }
 299 }
 300 
 301 // Relaxed accessors
 302 void DependencyContext::set_dependencies(nmethodBucket* b) {
 303   Atomic::store(_dependency_context_addr, b);
 304 }
 305 
 306 nmethodBucket* DependencyContext::dependencies() {
 307   return Atomic::load(_dependency_context_addr);
 308 }
 309 
 310 // After the gc_prologue, the dependency contexts may be claimed by the GC
 311 // and releasing of nmethodBucket entries will be deferred and placed on
 312 // a purge list to be deleted later.
 313 void DependencyContext::cleaning_start() {
 314   assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "must be");
 315   uint64_t epoch = ++_cleaning_epoch_monotonic;
 316   Atomic::store(&_cleaning_epoch, epoch);
 317 }
 318 
 319 // The epilogue marks the end of dependency context cleanup by the GC,
 320 // and also makes subsequent releases of nmethodBuckets cause immediate
 321 // deletion. It is okay to delay calling of cleaning_end() to a concurrent
 322 // phase, subsequent to the safepoint operation in which cleaning_start()
 323 // was called. That allows dependency contexts to be cleaned concurrently.
 324 void DependencyContext::cleaning_end() {
 325   uint64_t epoch = 0;
 326   Atomic::store(&_cleaning_epoch, epoch);
 327 }
 328 
 329 // This function skips over nmethodBuckets in the list corresponding to
 330 // nmethods that are is_unloading. This allows exposing a view of the
 331 // dependents as-if they were already cleaned, despite being cleaned
 332 // concurrently. Any entry observed that is_unloading() will be unlinked
 333 // and placed on the purge list.
 334 nmethodBucket* nmethodBucket::next_not_unloading() {
 335   for (;;) {
 336     // Do not need acquire because the loaded entry can never be
 337     // concurrently inserted.
 338     nmethodBucket* next = Atomic::load(&_next);
 339     if (next == NULL || !next->get_nmethod()->is_unloading()) {
 340       return next;
 341     }
 342     nmethodBucket* next_next = Atomic::load(&next->_next);
 343     OrderAccess::loadload();
 344     if (Atomic::load(&_next) != next) {
 345       // Unstable load of next w.r.t. next->next
 346       continue;
 347     }
 348     if (Atomic::cmpxchg(next_next, &_next, next) == next) {
 349       // Release is_unloading entries if unlinking was claimed
 350       DependencyContext::release(next);
 351     }
 352   }
 353 }
 354 
 355 // Relaxed accessors
 356 nmethodBucket* nmethodBucket::next() {
 357   return Atomic::load(&_next);
 358 }
 359 
 360 void nmethodBucket::set_next(nmethodBucket* b) {
 361   Atomic::store(&_next, b);
 362 }
 363 
 364 nmethodBucket* nmethodBucket::purge_list_next() {
 365   return Atomic::load(&_purge_list_next);
 366 }
 367 
 368 void nmethodBucket::set_purge_list_next(nmethodBucket* b) {
 369   Atomic::store(&_purge_list_next, b);
 370 }