1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1995, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 package java.awt;
  27 
  28 import java.awt.font.FontRenderContext;
  29 import java.awt.font.GlyphVector;
  30 import java.awt.font.LineMetrics;
  31 import java.awt.font.TextAttribute;
  32 import java.awt.font.TextLayout;
  33 import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
  34 import java.awt.geom.Point2D;
  35 import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
  36 import java.awt.peer.FontPeer;
  37 import java.io.*;
  38 import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
  39 import java.nio.file.Files;
  40 import java.security.AccessController;
  41 import java.security.PrivilegedExceptionAction;
  42 import java.text.AttributedCharacterIterator.Attribute;
  43 import java.text.CharacterIterator;
  44 import java.util.EventListener;
  45 import java.util.Hashtable;
  46 import java.util.Locale;
  47 import java.util.Map;
  48 
  49 import sun.awt.ComponentFactory;
  50 import sun.font.StandardGlyphVector;
  51 
  52 import sun.font.AttributeMap;
  53 import sun.font.AttributeValues;
  54 import sun.font.CompositeFont;
  55 import sun.font.CreatedFontTracker;
  56 import sun.font.Font2D;
  57 import sun.font.Font2DHandle;
  58 import sun.font.FontAccess;
  59 import sun.font.FontDesignMetrics;
  60 import sun.font.FontManager;
  61 import sun.font.FontManagerFactory;
  62 import sun.font.FontUtilities;
  63 import sun.font.GlyphLayout;
  64 import sun.font.FontLineMetrics;
  65 import sun.font.CoreMetrics;
  66 
  67 import static sun.font.EAttribute.*;
  68 
  69 /**
  70  * The {@code Font} class represents fonts, which are used to
  71  * render text in a visible way.
  72  * A font provides the information needed to map sequences of
  73  * <em>characters</em> to sequences of <em>glyphs</em>
  74  * and to render sequences of glyphs on {@code Graphics} and
  75  * {@code Component} objects.
  76  *
  77  * <h3>Characters and Glyphs</h3>
  78  *
  79  * A <em>character</em> is a symbol that represents an item such as a letter,
  80  * a digit, or punctuation in an abstract way. For example, {@code 'g'},
  81  * LATIN SMALL LETTER G, is a character.
  82  * <p>
  83  * A <em>glyph</em> is a shape used to render a character or a sequence of
  84  * characters. In simple writing systems, such as Latin, typically one glyph
  85  * represents one character. In general, however, characters and glyphs do not
  86  * have one-to-one correspondence. For example, the character '&aacute;'
  87  * LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE, can be represented by
  88  * two glyphs: one for 'a' and one for '&acute;'. On the other hand, the
  89  * two-character string "fi" can be represented by a single glyph, an
  90  * "fi" ligature. In complex writing systems, such as Arabic or the South
  91  * and South-East Asian writing systems, the relationship between characters
  92  * and glyphs can be more complicated and involve context-dependent selection
  93  * of glyphs as well as glyph reordering.
  94  *
  95  * A font encapsulates the collection of glyphs needed to render a selected set
  96  * of characters as well as the tables needed to map sequences of characters to
  97  * corresponding sequences of glyphs.
  98  *
  99  * <h3>Physical and Logical Fonts</h3>
 100  *
 101  * The Java Platform distinguishes between two kinds of fonts:
 102  * <em>physical</em> fonts and <em>logical</em> fonts.
 103  * <p>
 104  * <em>Physical</em> fonts are the actual font libraries containing glyph data
 105  * and tables to map from character sequences to glyph sequences, using a font
 106  * technology such as TrueType or PostScript Type 1.
 107  * All implementations of the Java Platform must support TrueType fonts;
 108  * support for other font technologies is implementation dependent.
 109  * Physical fonts may use names such as Helvetica, Palatino, HonMincho, or
 110  * any number of other font names.
 111  * Typically, each physical font supports only a limited set of writing
 112  * systems, for example, only Latin characters or only Japanese and Basic
 113  * Latin.
 114  * The set of available physical fonts varies between configurations.
 115  * Applications that require specific fonts can bundle them and instantiate
 116  * them using the {@link #createFont createFont} method.
 117  * <p>
 118  * <em>Logical</em> fonts are the five font families defined by the Java
 119  * platform which must be supported by any Java runtime environment:
 120  * Serif, SansSerif, Monospaced, Dialog, and DialogInput.
 121  * These logical fonts are not actual font libraries. Instead, the logical
 122  * font names are mapped to physical fonts by the Java runtime environment.
 123  * The mapping is implementation and usually locale dependent, so the look
 124  * and the metrics provided by them vary.
 125  * Typically, each logical font name maps to several physical fonts in order to
 126  * cover a large range of characters.
 127  * <p>
 128  * Peered AWT components, such as {@link Label Label} and
 129  * {@link TextField TextField}, can only use logical fonts.
 130  * <p>
 131  * For a discussion of the relative advantages and disadvantages of using
 132  * physical or logical fonts, see the
 133  * <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/2d/text/fonts.html#advantages-and-disadvantages">
 134  *    Physical and Logical Fonts</a>
 135  * in <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/index.html">The Java Tutorials</a>
 136  * document.
 137  *
 138  * <h3>Font Faces and Names</h3>
 139  *
 140  * A {@code Font}
 141  * can have many faces, such as heavy, medium, oblique, gothic and
 142  * regular. All of these faces have similar typographic design.
 143  * <p>
 144  * There are three different names that you can get from a
 145  * {@code Font} object.  The <em>logical font name</em> is simply the
 146  * name that was used to construct the font.
 147  * The <em>font face name</em>, or just <em>font name</em> for
 148  * short, is the name of a particular font face, like Helvetica Bold. The
 149  * <em>family name</em> is the name of the font family that determines the
 150  * typographic design across several faces, like Helvetica.
 151  * <p>
 152  * The {@code Font} class represents an instance of a font face from
 153  * a collection of  font faces that are present in the system resources
 154  * of the host system.  As examples, Arial Bold and Courier Bold Italic
 155  * are font faces.  There can be several {@code Font} objects
 156  * associated with a font face, each differing in size, style, transform
 157  * and font features.
 158  * <p>
 159  * Glyphs may not always be rendered with the requested properties (e.g, font
 160  * and style) due to platform limitations such as the absence of suitable
 161  * platform fonts to implement a logical font.
 162  * <p>
 163  * The {@link GraphicsEnvironment#getAllFonts() getAllFonts} method
 164  * of the {@code GraphicsEnvironment} class returns an
 165  * array of all font faces available in the system. These font faces are
 166  * returned as {@code Font} objects with a size of 1, identity
 167  * transform and default font features. These
 168  * base fonts can then be used to derive new {@code Font} objects
 169  * with varying sizes, styles, transforms and font features via the
 170  * {@code deriveFont} methods in this class.
 171  *
 172  * <h3>Font and TextAttribute</h3>
 173  *
 174  * <p>{@code Font} supports most
 175  * {@code TextAttribute}s.  This makes some operations, such as
 176  * rendering underlined text, convenient since it is not
 177  * necessary to explicitly construct a {@code TextLayout} object.
 178  * Attributes can be set on a Font by constructing or deriving it
 179  * using a {@code Map} of {@code TextAttribute} values.
 180  *
 181  * <p>The values of some {@code TextAttributes} are not
 182  * serializable, and therefore attempting to serialize an instance of
 183  * {@code Font} that has such values will not serialize them.
 184  * This means a Font deserialized from such a stream will not compare
 185  * equal to the original Font that contained the non-serializable
 186  * attributes.  This should very rarely pose a problem
 187  * since these attributes are typically used only in special
 188  * circumstances and are unlikely to be serialized.
 189  *
 190  * <ul>
 191  * <li>{@code FOREGROUND} and {@code BACKGROUND} use
 192  * {@code Paint} values. The subclass {@code Color} is
 193  * serializable, while {@code GradientPaint} and
 194  * {@code TexturePaint} are not.</li>
 195  * <li>{@code CHAR_REPLACEMENT} uses
 196  * {@code GraphicAttribute} values.  The subclasses
 197  * {@code ShapeGraphicAttribute} and
 198  * {@code ImageGraphicAttribute} are not serializable.</li>
 199  * <li>{@code INPUT_METHOD_HIGHLIGHT} uses
 200  * {@code InputMethodHighlight} values, which are
 201  * not serializable.  See {@link java.awt.im.InputMethodHighlight}.</li>
 202  * </ul>
 203  *
 204  * <p>Clients who create custom subclasses of {@code Paint} and
 205  * {@code GraphicAttribute} can make them serializable and
 206  * avoid this problem.  Clients who use input method highlights can
 207  * convert these to the platform-specific attributes for that
 208  * highlight on the current platform and set them on the Font as
 209  * a workaround.
 210  *
 211  * <p>The {@code Map}-based constructor and
 212  * {@code deriveFont} APIs ignore the FONT attribute, and it is
 213  * not retained by the Font; the static {@link #getFont} method should
 214  * be used if the FONT attribute might be present.  See {@link
 215  * java.awt.font.TextAttribute#FONT} for more information.</p>
 216  *
 217  * <p>Several attributes will cause additional rendering overhead
 218  * and potentially invoke layout.  If a {@code Font} has such
 219  * attributes, the <code>{@link #hasLayoutAttributes()}</code> method
 220  * will return true.</p>
 221  *
 222  * <p>Note: Font rotations can cause text baselines to be rotated.  In
 223  * order to account for this (rare) possibility, font APIs are
 224  * specified to return metrics and take parameters 'in
 225  * baseline-relative coordinates'.  This maps the 'x' coordinate to
 226  * the advance along the baseline, (positive x is forward along the
 227  * baseline), and the 'y' coordinate to a distance along the
 228  * perpendicular to the baseline at 'x' (positive y is 90 degrees
 229  * clockwise from the baseline vector).  APIs for which this is
 230  * especially important are called out as having 'baseline-relative
 231  * coordinates.'
 232  */
 233 public class Font implements java.io.Serializable
 234 {
 235     private static class FontAccessImpl extends FontAccess {
 236         public Font2D getFont2D(Font font) {
 237             return font.getFont2D();
 238         }
 239 
 240         public void setFont2D(Font font, Font2DHandle handle) {
 241             font.font2DHandle = handle;
 242         }
 243 
 244         public void setCreatedFont(Font font) {
 245             font.createdFont = true;
 246         }
 247 
 248         public boolean isCreatedFont(Font font) {
 249             return font.createdFont;
 250         }
 251 
 252         @Override
 253         public FontPeer getFontPeer(final Font font) {
 254             return font.getFontPeer();
 255         }
 256     }
 257 
 258     static {
 259         /* ensure that the necessary native libraries are loaded */
 260         Toolkit.loadLibraries();
 261         initIDs();
 262         FontAccess.setFontAccess(new FontAccessImpl());
 263     }
 264 
 265     /**
 266      * This is now only used during serialization.  Typically
 267      * it is null.
 268      *
 269      * @serial
 270      * @see #getAttributes()
 271      */
 272     private Hashtable<Object, Object> fRequestedAttributes;
 273 
 274     /*
 275      * Constants to be used for logical font family names.
 276      */
 277 
 278     /**
 279      * A String constant for the canonical family name of the
 280      * logical font "Dialog". It is useful in Font construction
 281      * to provide compile-time verification of the name.
 282      * @since 1.6
 283      */
 284     public static final String DIALOG = "Dialog";
 285 
 286     /**
 287      * A String constant for the canonical family name of the
 288      * logical font "DialogInput". It is useful in Font construction
 289      * to provide compile-time verification of the name.
 290      * @since 1.6
 291      */
 292     public static final String DIALOG_INPUT = "DialogInput";
 293 
 294     /**
 295      * A String constant for the canonical family name of the
 296      * logical font "SansSerif". It is useful in Font construction
 297      * to provide compile-time verification of the name.
 298      * @since 1.6
 299      */
 300     public static final String SANS_SERIF = "SansSerif";
 301 
 302     /**
 303      * A String constant for the canonical family name of the
 304      * logical font "Serif". It is useful in Font construction
 305      * to provide compile-time verification of the name.
 306      * @since 1.6
 307      */
 308     public static final String SERIF = "Serif";
 309 
 310     /**
 311      * A String constant for the canonical family name of the
 312      * logical font "Monospaced". It is useful in Font construction
 313      * to provide compile-time verification of the name.
 314      * @since 1.6
 315      */
 316     public static final String MONOSPACED = "Monospaced";
 317 
 318     /*
 319      * Constants to be used for styles. Can be combined to mix
 320      * styles.
 321      */
 322 
 323     /**
 324      * The plain style constant.
 325      */
 326     public static final int PLAIN       = 0;
 327 
 328     /**
 329      * The bold style constant.  This can be combined with the other style
 330      * constants (except PLAIN) for mixed styles.
 331      */
 332     public static final int BOLD        = 1;
 333 
 334     /**
 335      * The italicized style constant.  This can be combined with the other
 336      * style constants (except PLAIN) for mixed styles.
 337      */
 338     public static final int ITALIC      = 2;
 339 
 340     /**
 341      * The baseline used in most Roman scripts when laying out text.
 342      */
 343     public static final int ROMAN_BASELINE = 0;
 344 
 345     /**
 346      * The baseline used in ideographic scripts like Chinese, Japanese,
 347      * and Korean when laying out text.
 348      */
 349     public static final int CENTER_BASELINE = 1;
 350 
 351     /**
 352      * The baseline used in Devanagari and similar scripts when laying
 353      * out text.
 354      */
 355     public static final int HANGING_BASELINE = 2;
 356 
 357     /**
 358      * Identify a font resource of type TRUETYPE.
 359      * Used to specify a TrueType font resource to the
 360      * {@link #createFont} method.
 361      * The TrueType format was extended to become the OpenType
 362      * format, which adds support for fonts with Postscript outlines,
 363      * this tag therefore references these fonts, as well as those
 364      * with TrueType outlines.
 365      * @since 1.3
 366      */
 367 
 368     public static final int TRUETYPE_FONT = 0;
 369 
 370     /**
 371      * Identify a font resource of type TYPE1.
 372      * Used to specify a Type1 font resource to the
 373      * {@link #createFont} method.
 374      * @since 1.5
 375      */
 376     public static final int TYPE1_FONT = 1;
 377 
 378     /**
 379      * The logical name of this {@code Font}, as passed to the
 380      * constructor.
 381      * @since 1.0
 382      *
 383      * @serial
 384      * @see #getName
 385      */
 386     protected String name;
 387 
 388     /**
 389      * The style of this {@code Font}, as passed to the constructor.
 390      * This style can be PLAIN, BOLD, ITALIC, or BOLD+ITALIC.
 391      * @since 1.0
 392      *
 393      * @serial
 394      * @see #getStyle()
 395      */
 396     protected int style;
 397 
 398     /**
 399      * The point size of this {@code Font}, rounded to integer.
 400      * @since 1.0
 401      *
 402      * @serial
 403      * @see #getSize()
 404      */
 405     protected int size;
 406 
 407     /**
 408      * The point size of this {@code Font} in {@code float}.
 409      *
 410      * @serial
 411      * @see #getSize()
 412      * @see #getSize2D()
 413      */
 414     protected float pointSize;
 415 
 416     /**
 417      * The platform specific font information.
 418      */
 419     private transient FontPeer peer;
 420     private transient long pData;       // native JDK1.1 font pointer
 421     private transient Font2DHandle font2DHandle;
 422 
 423     private transient AttributeValues values;
 424     private transient boolean hasLayoutAttributes;
 425 
 426     /*
 427      * If the origin of a Font is a created font then this attribute
 428      * must be set on all derived fonts too.
 429      */
 430     private transient boolean createdFont = false;
 431 
 432     /*
 433      * This is true if the font transform is not identity.  It
 434      * is used to avoid unnecessary instantiation of an AffineTransform.
 435      */
 436     private transient boolean nonIdentityTx;
 437 
 438     /*
 439      * A cached value used when a transform is required for internal
 440      * use.  This must not be exposed to callers since AffineTransform
 441      * is mutable.
 442      */
 443     private static final AffineTransform identityTx = new AffineTransform();
 444 
 445     /*
 446      * JDK 1.1 serialVersionUID
 447      */
 448     private static final long serialVersionUID = -4206021311591459213L;
 449 
 450     /**
 451      * Gets the peer of this {@code Font}.
 452      *
 453      * @return the peer of the {@code Font}.
 454      */
 455     private FontPeer getFontPeer() {
 456         if(peer == null) {
 457             Toolkit tk = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();
 458             if (tk instanceof ComponentFactory) {
 459                 peer = ((ComponentFactory) tk).getFontPeer(name, style);
 460             }
 461         }
 462         return peer;
 463     }
 464 
 465     /**
 466      * Return the AttributeValues object associated with this
 467      * font.  Most of the time, the internal object is null.
 468      * If required, it will be created from the 'standard'
 469      * state on the font.  Only non-default values will be
 470      * set in the AttributeValues object.
 471      *
 472      * <p>Since the AttributeValues object is mutable, and it
 473      * is cached in the font, care must be taken to ensure that
 474      * it is not mutated.
 475      */
 476     private AttributeValues getAttributeValues() {
 477         if (values == null) {
 478             AttributeValues valuesTmp = new AttributeValues();
 479             valuesTmp.setFamily(name);
 480             valuesTmp.setSize(pointSize); // expects the float value.
 481 
 482             if ((style & BOLD) != 0) {
 483                 valuesTmp.setWeight(2); // WEIGHT_BOLD
 484             }
 485 
 486             if ((style & ITALIC) != 0) {
 487                 valuesTmp.setPosture(.2f); // POSTURE_OBLIQUE
 488             }
 489             valuesTmp.defineAll(PRIMARY_MASK); // for streaming compatibility
 490             values = valuesTmp;
 491         }
 492 
 493         return values;
 494     }
 495 
 496     private Font2D getFont2D() {
 497         FontManager fm = FontManagerFactory.getInstance();
 498         if (fm.usingPerAppContextComposites() &&
 499             font2DHandle != null &&
 500             font2DHandle.font2D instanceof CompositeFont &&
 501             ((CompositeFont)(font2DHandle.font2D)).isStdComposite()) {
 502             return fm.findFont2D(name, style,
 503                                           FontManager.LOGICAL_FALLBACK);
 504         } else if (font2DHandle == null) {
 505             font2DHandle =
 506                 fm.findFont2D(name, style,
 507                               FontManager.LOGICAL_FALLBACK).handle;
 508         }
 509         /* Do not cache the de-referenced font2D. It must be explicitly
 510          * de-referenced to pick up a valid font in the event that the
 511          * original one is marked invalid
 512          */
 513         return font2DHandle.font2D;
 514     }
 515 
 516     /**
 517      * Creates a new {@code Font} from the specified name, style and
 518      * point size.
 519      * <p>
 520      * The font name can be a font face name or a font family name.
 521      * It is used together with the style to find an appropriate font face.
 522      * When a font family name is specified, the style argument is used to
 523      * select the most appropriate face from the family. When a font face
 524      * name is specified, the face's style and the style argument are
 525      * merged to locate the best matching font from the same family.
 526      * For example if face name "Arial Bold" is specified with style
 527      * {@code Font.ITALIC}, the font system looks for a face in the
 528      * "Arial" family that is bold and italic, and may associate the font
 529      * instance with the physical font face "Arial Bold Italic".
 530      * The style argument is merged with the specified face's style, not
 531      * added or subtracted.
 532      * This means, specifying a bold face and a bold style does not
 533      * double-embolden the font, and specifying a bold face and a plain
 534      * style does not lighten the font.
 535      * <p>
 536      * If no face for the requested style can be found, the font system
 537      * may apply algorithmic styling to achieve the desired style.
 538      * For example, if {@code ITALIC} is requested, but no italic
 539      * face is available, glyphs from the plain face may be algorithmically
 540      * obliqued (slanted).
 541      * <p>
 542      * Font name lookup is case insensitive, using the case folding
 543      * rules of the US locale.
 544      * <p>
 545      * If the {@code name} parameter represents something other than a
 546      * logical font, i.e. is interpreted as a physical font face or family, and
 547      * this cannot be mapped by the implementation to a physical font or a
 548      * compatible alternative, then the font system will map the Font
 549      * instance to "Dialog", such that for example, the family as reported
 550      * by {@link #getFamily() getFamily} will be "Dialog".
 551      *
 552      * @param name the font name.  This can be a font face name or a font
 553      * family name, and may represent either a logical font or a physical
 554      * font found in this {@code GraphicsEnvironment}.
 555      * The family names for logical fonts are: Dialog, DialogInput,
 556      * Monospaced, Serif, or SansSerif. Pre-defined String constants exist
 557      * for all of these names, for example, {@code DIALOG}. If {@code name} is
 558      * {@code null}, the <em>logical font name</em> of the new
 559      * {@code Font} as returned by {@code getName()} is set to
 560      * the name "Default".
 561      * @param style the style constant for the {@code Font}
 562      * The style argument is an integer bitmask that may
 563      * be {@code PLAIN}, or a bitwise union of {@code BOLD} and/or
 564      * {@code ITALIC} (for example, {@code ITALIC} or {@code BOLD|ITALIC}).
 565      * If the style argument does not conform to one of the expected
 566      * integer bitmasks then the style is set to {@code PLAIN}.
 567      * @param size the point size of the {@code Font}
 568      * @see GraphicsEnvironment#getAllFonts
 569      * @see GraphicsEnvironment#getAvailableFontFamilyNames
 570      * @since 1.0
 571      */
 572     public Font(String name, int style, int size) {
 573         this.name = (name != null) ? name : "Default";
 574         this.style = (style & ~0x03) == 0 ? style : 0;
 575         this.size = size;
 576         this.pointSize = size;
 577     }
 578 
 579     private Font(String name, int style, float sizePts) {
 580         this.name = (name != null) ? name : "Default";
 581         this.style = (style & ~0x03) == 0 ? style : 0;
 582         this.size = (int)(sizePts + 0.5);
 583         this.pointSize = sizePts;
 584     }
 585 
 586     /* This constructor is used by deriveFont when attributes is null */
 587     private Font(String name, int style, float sizePts,
 588                  boolean created, Font2DHandle handle) {
 589         this(name, style, sizePts);
 590         this.createdFont = created;
 591         /* Fonts created from a stream will use the same font2D instance
 592          * as the parent.
 593          * One exception is that if the derived font is requested to be
 594          * in a different style, then also check if its a CompositeFont
 595          * and if so build a new CompositeFont from components of that style.
 596          * CompositeFonts can only be marked as "created" if they are used
 597          * to add fall backs to a physical font. And non-composites are
 598          * always from "Font.createFont()" and shouldn't get this treatment.
 599          */
 600         if (created) {
 601             if (handle.font2D instanceof CompositeFont &&
 602                 handle.font2D.getStyle() != style) {
 603                 FontManager fm = FontManagerFactory.getInstance();
 604                 this.font2DHandle = fm.getNewComposite(null, style, handle);
 605             } else {
 606                 this.font2DHandle = handle;
 607             }
 608         }
 609     }
 610 
 611     /* used to implement Font.createFont */
 612     private Font(File fontFile, int fontFormat,
 613                  boolean isCopy, CreatedFontTracker tracker)
 614         throws FontFormatException {
 615         this.createdFont = true;
 616         /* Font2D instances created by this method track their font file
 617          * so that when the Font2D is GC'd it can also remove the file.
 618          */
 619         FontManager fm = FontManagerFactory.getInstance();
 620         Font2D[] fonts =
 621             fm.createFont2D(fontFile, fontFormat, false, isCopy, tracker);
 622         this.font2DHandle = fonts[0].handle;
 623         this.name = this.font2DHandle.font2D.getFontName(Locale.getDefault());
 624         this.style = Font.PLAIN;
 625         this.size = 1;
 626         this.pointSize = 1f;
 627     }
 628 
 629     /* This constructor is used when one font is derived from another.
 630      * Fonts created from a stream will use the same font2D instance as the
 631      * parent. They can be distinguished because the "created" argument
 632      * will be "true". Since there is no way to recreate these fonts they
 633      * need to have the handle to the underlying font2D passed in.
 634      * "created" is also true when a special composite is referenced by the
 635      * handle for essentially the same reasons.
 636      * But when deriving a font in these cases two particular attributes
 637      * need special attention: family/face and style.
 638      * The "composites" in these cases need to be recreated with optimal
 639      * fonts for the new values of family and style.
 640      * For fonts created with createFont() these are treated differently.
 641      * JDK can often synthesise a different style (bold from plain
 642      * for example). For fonts created with "createFont" this is a reasonable
 643      * solution but its also possible (although rare) to derive a font with a
 644      * different family attribute. In this case JDK needs
 645      * to break the tie with the original Font2D and find a new Font.
 646      * The oldName and oldStyle are supplied so they can be compared with
 647      * what the Font2D and the values. To speed things along :
 648      * oldName == null will be interpreted as the name is unchanged.
 649      * oldStyle = -1 will be interpreted as the style is unchanged.
 650      * In these cases there is no need to interrogate "values".
 651      */
 652     private Font(AttributeValues values, String oldName, int oldStyle,
 653                  boolean created, Font2DHandle handle) {
 654 
 655         this.createdFont = created;
 656         if (created) {
 657             this.font2DHandle = handle;
 658 
 659             String newName = null;
 660             if (oldName != null) {
 661                 newName = values.getFamily();
 662                 if (oldName.equals(newName)) newName = null;
 663             }
 664             int newStyle = 0;
 665             if (oldStyle == -1) {
 666                 newStyle = -1;
 667             } else {
 668                 if (values.getWeight() >= 2f)   newStyle  = BOLD;
 669                 if (values.getPosture() >= .2f) newStyle |= ITALIC;
 670                 if (oldStyle == newStyle)       newStyle  = -1;
 671             }
 672             if (handle.font2D instanceof CompositeFont) {
 673                 if (newStyle != -1 || newName != null) {
 674                     FontManager fm = FontManagerFactory.getInstance();
 675                     this.font2DHandle =
 676                         fm.getNewComposite(newName, newStyle, handle);
 677                 }
 678             } else if (newName != null) {
 679                 this.createdFont = false;
 680                 this.font2DHandle = null;
 681             }
 682         }
 683         initFromValues(values);
 684     }
 685 
 686     /**
 687      * Creates a new {@code Font} with the specified attributes.
 688      * Only keys defined in {@link java.awt.font.TextAttribute TextAttribute}
 689      * are recognized.  In addition the FONT attribute is
 690      *  not recognized by this constructor
 691      * (see {@link #getAvailableAttributes}). Only attributes that have
 692      * values of valid types will affect the new {@code Font}.
 693      * <p>
 694      * If {@code attributes} is {@code null}, a new
 695      * {@code Font} is initialized with default values.
 696      * @see java.awt.font.TextAttribute
 697      * @param attributes the attributes to assign to the new
 698      *          {@code Font}, or {@code null}
 699      */
 700     public Font(Map<? extends Attribute, ?> attributes) {
 701         initFromValues(AttributeValues.fromMap(attributes, RECOGNIZED_MASK));
 702     }
 703 
 704     /**
 705      * Creates a new {@code Font} from the specified {@code font}.
 706      * This constructor is intended for use by subclasses.
 707      * @param font from which to create this {@code Font}.
 708      * @throws NullPointerException if {@code font} is null
 709      * @since 1.6
 710      */
 711     protected Font(Font font) {
 712         if (font.values != null) {
 713             initFromValues(font.getAttributeValues().clone());
 714         } else {
 715             this.name = font.name;
 716             this.style = font.style;
 717             this.size = font.size;
 718             this.pointSize = font.pointSize;
 719         }
 720         this.font2DHandle = font.font2DHandle;
 721         this.createdFont = font.createdFont;
 722     }
 723 
 724     /**
 725      * Font recognizes all attributes except FONT.
 726      */
 727     private static final int RECOGNIZED_MASK = AttributeValues.MASK_ALL
 728         & ~AttributeValues.getMask(EFONT);
 729 
 730     /**
 731      * These attributes are considered primary by the FONT attribute.
 732      */
 733     private static final int PRIMARY_MASK =
 734         AttributeValues.getMask(EFAMILY, EWEIGHT, EWIDTH, EPOSTURE, ESIZE,
 735                                 ETRANSFORM, ESUPERSCRIPT, ETRACKING);
 736 
 737     /**
 738      * These attributes are considered secondary by the FONT attribute.
 739      */
 740     private static final int SECONDARY_MASK =
 741         RECOGNIZED_MASK & ~PRIMARY_MASK;
 742 
 743     /**
 744      * These attributes are handled by layout.
 745      */
 746     private static final int LAYOUT_MASK =
 747         AttributeValues.getMask(ECHAR_REPLACEMENT, EFOREGROUND, EBACKGROUND,
 748                                 EUNDERLINE, ESTRIKETHROUGH, ERUN_DIRECTION,
 749                                 EBIDI_EMBEDDING, EJUSTIFICATION,
 750                                 EINPUT_METHOD_HIGHLIGHT, EINPUT_METHOD_UNDERLINE,
 751                                 ESWAP_COLORS, ENUMERIC_SHAPING, EKERNING,
 752                                 ELIGATURES, ETRACKING, ESUPERSCRIPT);
 753 
 754     private static final int EXTRA_MASK =
 755             AttributeValues.getMask(ETRANSFORM, ESUPERSCRIPT, EWIDTH);
 756 
 757     /**
 758      * Initialize the standard Font fields from the values object.
 759      */
 760     private void initFromValues(AttributeValues values) {
 761         this.values = values;
 762         values.defineAll(PRIMARY_MASK); // for 1.5 streaming compatibility
 763 
 764         this.name = values.getFamily();
 765         this.pointSize = values.getSize();
 766         this.size = (int)(values.getSize() + 0.5);
 767         if (values.getWeight() >= 2f) this.style |= BOLD; // not == 2f
 768         if (values.getPosture() >= .2f) this.style |= ITALIC; // not  == .2f
 769 
 770         this.nonIdentityTx = values.anyNonDefault(EXTRA_MASK);
 771         this.hasLayoutAttributes =  values.anyNonDefault(LAYOUT_MASK);
 772     }
 773 
 774     /**
 775      * Returns true if any part of the specified text is from a
 776      * complex script for which the implementation will need to invoke
 777      * layout processing in order to render correctly when using
 778      * {@link Graphics#drawString(String,int,int) drawString(String,int,int)}
 779      * and other text rendering methods. Measurement of the text
 780      * may similarly need the same extra processing.
 781      * The {@code start} and {@code end} indices are provided so that
 782      * the application can request only a subset of the text be considered.
 783      * The last char index examined is at {@code "end-1"},
 784      * i.e a request to examine the entire array would be
 785      * <pre>
 786      * {@code Font.textRequiresLayout(chars, 0, chars.length);}
 787      * </pre>
 788      * An application may find this information helpful in
 789      * performance sensitive code.
 790      * <p>
 791      * Note that even if this method returns {@code false}, layout processing
 792      * may still be invoked when used with any {@code Font}
 793      * for which {@link #hasLayoutAttributes()} returns {@code true},
 794      * so that method will need to be consulted for the specific font,
 795      * in order to obtain an answer which accounts for such font attributes.
 796      *
 797      * @param chars the text.
 798      * @param start the index of the first char to examine.
 799      * @param end the ending index, exclusive.
 800      * @return {@code true} if the specified text will need special layout.
 801      * @throws NullPointerException if {@code chars} is null.
 802      * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code start} is negative or
 803      * {@code end} is greater than the length of the {@code chars} array.
 804      * @since 9
 805      */
 806     public static boolean textRequiresLayout(char[] chars,
 807                                              int start, int end) {
 808         if (chars == null) {
 809            throw new NullPointerException("null char array");
 810         }
 811         if (start < 0 || end > chars.length) {
 812             throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException("start < 0 or end > len");
 813         }
 814         return FontUtilities.isComplexScript(chars, start, end);
 815     }
 816 
 817     /**
 818      * Returns a {@code Font} appropriate to the attributes.
 819      * If {@code attributes} contains a {@code FONT} attribute
 820      * with a valid {@code Font} as its value, it will be
 821      * merged with any remaining attributes.  See
 822      * {@link java.awt.font.TextAttribute#FONT} for more
 823      * information.
 824      *
 825      * @param attributes the attributes to assign to the new
 826      *          {@code Font}
 827      * @return a new {@code Font} created with the specified
 828      *          attributes
 829      * @throws NullPointerException if {@code attributes} is null.
 830      * @since 1.2
 831      * @see java.awt.font.TextAttribute
 832      */
 833     public static Font getFont(Map<? extends Attribute, ?> attributes) {
 834         // optimize for two cases:
 835         // 1) FONT attribute, and nothing else
 836         // 2) attributes, but no FONT
 837 
 838         // avoid turning the attributemap into a regular map for no reason
 839         if (attributes instanceof AttributeMap &&
 840             ((AttributeMap)attributes).getValues() != null) {
 841             AttributeValues values = ((AttributeMap)attributes).getValues();
 842             if (values.isNonDefault(EFONT)) {
 843                 Font font = values.getFont();
 844                 if (!values.anyDefined(SECONDARY_MASK)) {
 845                     return font;
 846                 }
 847                 // merge
 848                 values = font.getAttributeValues().clone();
 849                 values.merge(attributes, SECONDARY_MASK);
 850                 return new Font(values, font.name, font.style,
 851                                 font.createdFont, font.font2DHandle);
 852             }
 853             return new Font(attributes);
 854         }
 855 
 856         Font font = (Font)attributes.get(TextAttribute.FONT);
 857         if (font != null) {
 858             if (attributes.size() > 1) { // oh well, check for anything else
 859                 AttributeValues values = font.getAttributeValues().clone();
 860                 values.merge(attributes, SECONDARY_MASK);
 861                 return new Font(values, font.name, font.style,
 862                                 font.createdFont, font.font2DHandle);
 863             }
 864 
 865             return font;
 866         }
 867 
 868         return new Font(attributes);
 869     }
 870 
 871     /**
 872      * Used with the byte count tracker for fonts created from streams.
 873      * If a thread can create temp files anyway, no point in counting
 874      * font bytes.
 875      */
 876     private static boolean hasTempPermission() {
 877 
 878         if (System.getSecurityManager() == null) {
 879             return true;
 880         }
 881         File f = null;
 882         boolean hasPerm = false;
 883         try {
 884             f = Files.createTempFile("+~JT", ".tmp").toFile();
 885             f.delete();
 886             f = null;
 887             hasPerm = true;
 888         } catch (Throwable t) {
 889             /* inc. any kind of SecurityException */
 890         }
 891         return hasPerm;
 892     }
 893 
 894 
 895     /**
 896      * Returns a new array of {@code Font} decoded from the specified stream.
 897      * The returned {@code Font[]} will have at least one element.
 898      * <p>
 899      * The explicit purpose of this variation on the
 900      * {@code createFont(int, InputStream)} method is to support font
 901      * sources which represent a TrueType/OpenType font collection and
 902      * be able to return all individual fonts in that collection.
 903      * Consequently this method will throw {@code FontFormatException}
 904      * if the data source does not contain at least one TrueType/OpenType
 905      * font. The same exception will also be thrown if any of the fonts in
 906      * the collection does not contain the required font tables.
 907      * <p>
 908      * The condition "at least one", allows for the stream to represent
 909      * a single OpenType/TrueType font. That is, it does not have to be
 910      * a collection.
 911      * Each {@code Font} element of the returned array is
 912      * created with a point size of 1 and style {@link #PLAIN PLAIN}.
 913      * This base font can then be used with the {@code deriveFont}
 914      * methods in this class to derive new {@code Font} objects with
 915      * varying sizes, styles, transforms and font features.
 916      * <p>This method does not close the {@link InputStream}.
 917      * <p>
 918      * To make each {@code Font} available to Font constructors it
 919      * must be registered in the {@code GraphicsEnvironment} by calling
 920      * {@link GraphicsEnvironment#registerFont(Font) registerFont(Font)}.
 921      * @param fontStream an {@code InputStream} object representing the
 922      * input data for the font or font collection.
 923      * @return a new {@code Font[]}.
 924      * @throws FontFormatException if the {@code fontStream} data does
 925      *     not contain the required font tables for any of the elements of
 926      *     the collection, or if it contains no fonts at all.
 927      * @throws IOException if the {@code fontStream} cannot be completely read.
 928      * @see GraphicsEnvironment#registerFont(Font)
 929      * @since 9
 930      */
 931     public static Font[] createFonts(InputStream fontStream)
 932         throws FontFormatException, IOException {
 933 
 934         final int fontFormat = Font.TRUETYPE_FONT;
 935         if (hasTempPermission()) {
 936             return createFont0(fontFormat, fontStream, true, null);
 937         }
 938 
 939         // Otherwise, be extra conscious of pending temp file creation and
 940         // resourcefully handle the temp file resources, among other things.
 941         CreatedFontTracker tracker = CreatedFontTracker.getTracker();
 942         boolean acquired = false;
 943         try {
 944             acquired = tracker.acquirePermit();
 945             if (!acquired) {
 946                 throw new IOException("Timed out waiting for resources.");
 947             }
 948             return createFont0(fontFormat, fontStream, true, tracker);
 949         } catch (InterruptedException e) {
 950             throw new IOException("Problem reading font data.");
 951         } finally {
 952             if (acquired) {
 953                 tracker.releasePermit();
 954             }
 955         }
 956     }
 957 
 958     /* used to implement Font.createFont */
 959     private Font(Font2D font2D) {
 960 
 961         this.createdFont = true;
 962         this.font2DHandle = font2D.handle;
 963         this.name = font2D.getFontName(Locale.getDefault());
 964         this.style = Font.PLAIN;
 965         this.size = 1;
 966         this.pointSize = 1f;
 967     }
 968 
 969     /**
 970      * Returns a new array of {@code Font} decoded from the specified file.
 971      * The returned {@code Font[]} will have at least one element.
 972      * <p>
 973      * The explicit purpose of this variation on the
 974      * {@code createFont(int, File)} method is to support font
 975      * sources which represent a TrueType/OpenType font collection and
 976      * be able to return all individual fonts in that collection.
 977      * Consequently this method will throw {@code FontFormatException}
 978      * if the data source does not contain at least one TrueType/OpenType
 979      * font. The same exception will also be thrown if any of the fonts in
 980      * the collection does not contain the required font tables.
 981      * <p>
 982      * The condition "at least one", allows for the stream to represent
 983      * a single OpenType/TrueType font. That is, it does not have to be
 984      * a collection.
 985      * Each {@code Font} element of the returned array is
 986      * created with a point size of 1 and style {@link #PLAIN PLAIN}.
 987      * This base font can then be used with the {@code deriveFont}
 988      * methods in this class to derive new {@code Font} objects with
 989      * varying sizes, styles, transforms and font features.
 990      * <p>
 991      * To make each {@code Font} available to Font constructors it
 992      * must be registered in the {@code GraphicsEnvironment} by calling
 993      * {@link GraphicsEnvironment#registerFont(Font) registerFont(Font)}.
 994      * @param fontFile a {@code File} object containing the
 995      * input data for the font or font collection.
 996      * @return a new {@code Font[]}.
 997      * @throws FontFormatException if the {@code File} does
 998      *     not contain the required font tables for any of the elements of
 999      *     the collection, or if it contains no fonts at all.
1000      * @throws IOException if the {@code fontFile} cannot be read.
1001      * @see GraphicsEnvironment#registerFont(Font)
1002      * @since 9
1003      */
1004     public static Font[] createFonts(File fontFile)
1005             throws FontFormatException, IOException
1006     {
1007         int fontFormat = Font.TRUETYPE_FONT;
1008         fontFile = checkFontFile(fontFormat, fontFile);
1009         FontManager fm = FontManagerFactory.getInstance();
1010         Font2D[] font2DArr =
1011             fm.createFont2D(fontFile, fontFormat, true, false, null);
1012         int num = font2DArr.length;
1013         Font[] fonts = new Font[num];
1014         for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1015            fonts[i] = new Font(font2DArr[i]);
1016         }
1017         return fonts;
1018     }
1019 
1020     /**
1021      * Returns a new {@code Font} using the specified font type
1022      * and input data.  The new {@code Font} is
1023      * created with a point size of 1 and style {@link #PLAIN PLAIN}.
1024      * This base font can then be used with the {@code deriveFont}
1025      * methods in this class to derive new {@code Font} objects with
1026      * varying sizes, styles, transforms and font features.  This
1027      * method does not close the {@link InputStream}.
1028      * <p>
1029      * To make the {@code Font} available to Font constructors the
1030      * returned {@code Font} must be registered in the
1031      * {@code GraphicsEnvironment} by calling
1032      * {@link GraphicsEnvironment#registerFont(Font) registerFont(Font)}.
1033      * @param fontFormat the type of the {@code Font}, which is
1034      * {@link #TRUETYPE_FONT TRUETYPE_FONT} if a TrueType resource is specified.
1035      * or {@link #TYPE1_FONT TYPE1_FONT} if a Type 1 resource is specified.
1036      * @param fontStream an {@code InputStream} object representing the
1037      * input data for the font.
1038      * @return a new {@code Font} created with the specified font type.
1039      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code fontFormat} is not
1040      *     {@code TRUETYPE_FONT} or {@code TYPE1_FONT}.
1041      * @throws FontFormatException if the {@code fontStream} data does
1042      *     not contain the required font tables for the specified format.
1043      * @throws IOException if the {@code fontStream}
1044      *     cannot be completely read.
1045      * @see GraphicsEnvironment#registerFont(Font)
1046      * @since 1.3
1047      */
1048     public static Font createFont(int fontFormat, InputStream fontStream)
1049         throws java.awt.FontFormatException, java.io.IOException {
1050 
1051         if (hasTempPermission()) {
1052             return createFont0(fontFormat, fontStream, false, null)[0];
1053         }
1054 
1055         // Otherwise, be extra conscious of pending temp file creation and
1056         // resourcefully handle the temp file resources, among other things.
1057         CreatedFontTracker tracker = CreatedFontTracker.getTracker();
1058         boolean acquired = false;
1059         try {
1060             acquired = tracker.acquirePermit();
1061             if (!acquired) {
1062                 throw new IOException("Timed out waiting for resources.");
1063             }
1064             return createFont0(fontFormat, fontStream, false, tracker)[0];
1065         } catch (InterruptedException e) {
1066             throw new IOException("Problem reading font data.");
1067         } finally {
1068             if (acquired) {
1069                 tracker.releasePermit();
1070             }
1071         }
1072     }
1073 
1074     private static Font[] createFont0(int fontFormat, InputStream fontStream,
1075                                       boolean allFonts,
1076                                       CreatedFontTracker tracker)
1077         throws java.awt.FontFormatException, java.io.IOException {
1078 
1079         if (fontFormat != Font.TRUETYPE_FONT &&
1080             fontFormat != Font.TYPE1_FONT) {
1081             throw new IllegalArgumentException ("font format not recognized");
1082         }
1083         boolean copiedFontData = false;
1084         try {
1085             final File tFile = AccessController.doPrivileged(
1086                 new PrivilegedExceptionAction<File>() {
1087                     public File run() throws IOException {
1088                         return Files.createTempFile("+~JF", ".tmp").toFile();
1089                     }
1090                 }
1091             );
1092             if (tracker != null) {
1093                 tracker.add(tFile);
1094             }
1095 
1096             int totalSize = 0;
1097             try {
1098                 final OutputStream outStream =
1099                     AccessController.doPrivileged(
1100                         new PrivilegedExceptionAction<OutputStream>() {
1101                             public OutputStream run() throws IOException {
1102                                 return new FileOutputStream(tFile);
1103                             }
1104                         }
1105                     );
1106                 if (tracker != null) {
1107                     tracker.set(tFile, outStream);
1108                 }
1109                 try {
1110                     byte[] buf = new byte[8192];
1111                     for (;;) {
1112                         int bytesRead = fontStream.read(buf);
1113                         if (bytesRead < 0) {
1114                             break;
1115                         }
1116                         if (tracker != null) {
1117                             if (totalSize+bytesRead > CreatedFontTracker.MAX_FILE_SIZE) {
1118                                 throw new IOException("File too big.");
1119                             }
1120                             if (totalSize+tracker.getNumBytes() >
1121                                 CreatedFontTracker.MAX_TOTAL_BYTES)
1122                               {
1123                                 throw new IOException("Total files too big.");
1124                             }
1125                             totalSize += bytesRead;
1126                             tracker.addBytes(bytesRead);
1127                         }
1128                         outStream.write(buf, 0, bytesRead);
1129                     }
1130                     /* don't close the input stream */
1131                 } finally {
1132                     outStream.close();
1133                 }
1134                 /* After all references to a Font2D are dropped, the file
1135                  * will be removed. To support long-lived AppContexts,
1136                  * we need to then decrement the byte count by the size
1137                  * of the file.
1138                  * If the data isn't a valid font, the implementation will
1139                  * delete the tmp file and decrement the byte count
1140                  * in the tracker object before returning from the
1141                  * constructor, so we can set 'copiedFontData' to true here
1142                  * without waiting for the results of that constructor.
1143                  */
1144                 copiedFontData = true;
1145                 FontManager fm = FontManagerFactory.getInstance();
1146                  Font2D[] font2DArr =
1147                     fm.createFont2D(tFile, fontFormat, allFonts, true, tracker);
1148                 int num = font2DArr.length;
1149                 Font[] fonts = new Font[num];
1150                 for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1151                    fonts[i] = new Font(font2DArr[i]);
1152                 }
1153                 return fonts;
1154             } finally {
1155                 if (tracker != null) {
1156                     tracker.remove(tFile);
1157                 }
1158                 if (!copiedFontData) {
1159                     if (tracker != null) {
1160                         tracker.subBytes(totalSize);
1161                     }
1162                     AccessController.doPrivileged(
1163                         new PrivilegedExceptionAction<Void>() {
1164                             public Void run() {
1165                                 tFile.delete();
1166                                 return null;
1167                             }
1168                         }
1169                     );
1170                 }
1171             }
1172         } catch (Throwable t) {
1173             if (t instanceof FontFormatException) {
1174                 throw (FontFormatException)t;
1175             }
1176             if (t instanceof IOException) {
1177                 throw (IOException)t;
1178             }
1179             Throwable cause = t.getCause();
1180             if (cause instanceof FontFormatException) {
1181                 throw (FontFormatException)cause;
1182             }
1183             throw new IOException("Problem reading font data.");
1184         }
1185     }
1186 
1187     /**
1188      * Returns a new {@code Font} using the specified font type
1189      * and the specified font file.  The new {@code Font} is
1190      * created with a point size of 1 and style {@link #PLAIN PLAIN}.
1191      * This base font can then be used with the {@code deriveFont}
1192      * methods in this class to derive new {@code Font} objects with
1193      * varying sizes, styles, transforms and font features.
1194      * @param fontFormat the type of the {@code Font}, which is
1195      * {@link #TRUETYPE_FONT TRUETYPE_FONT} if a TrueType resource is
1196      * specified or {@link #TYPE1_FONT TYPE1_FONT} if a Type 1 resource is
1197      * specified.
1198      * So long as the returned font, or its derived fonts are referenced
1199      * the implementation may continue to access {@code fontFile}
1200      * to retrieve font data. Thus the results are undefined if the file
1201      * is changed, or becomes inaccessible.
1202      * <p>
1203      * To make the {@code Font} available to Font constructors the
1204      * returned {@code Font} must be registered in the
1205      * {@code GraphicsEnvironment} by calling
1206      * {@link GraphicsEnvironment#registerFont(Font) registerFont(Font)}.
1207      * @param fontFile a {@code File} object representing the
1208      * input data for the font.
1209      * @return a new {@code Font} created with the specified font type.
1210      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code fontFormat} is not
1211      *     {@code TRUETYPE_FONT} or {@code TYPE1_FONT}.
1212      * @throws NullPointerException if {@code fontFile} is null.
1213      * @throws IOException if the {@code fontFile} cannot be read.
1214      * @throws FontFormatException if {@code fontFile} does
1215      *     not contain the required font tables for the specified format.
1216      * @throws SecurityException if the executing code does not have
1217      * permission to read from the file.
1218      * @see GraphicsEnvironment#registerFont(Font)
1219      * @since 1.5
1220      */
1221     public static Font createFont(int fontFormat, File fontFile)
1222         throws java.awt.FontFormatException, java.io.IOException {
1223 
1224         fontFile = checkFontFile(fontFormat, fontFile);
1225         return new Font(fontFile, fontFormat, false, null);
1226     }
1227 
1228     private static File checkFontFile(int fontFormat, File fontFile)
1229         throws FontFormatException, IOException {
1230 
1231         fontFile = new File(fontFile.getPath());
1232 
1233         if (fontFormat != Font.TRUETYPE_FONT &&
1234             fontFormat != Font.TYPE1_FONT) {
1235             throw new IllegalArgumentException ("font format not recognized");
1236         }
1237         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1238         if (sm != null) {
1239             FilePermission filePermission =
1240                 new FilePermission(fontFile.getPath(), "read");
1241             sm.checkPermission(filePermission);
1242         }
1243         if (!fontFile.canRead()) {
1244             throw new IOException("Can't read " + fontFile);
1245         }
1246         return fontFile;
1247     }
1248 
1249     /**
1250      * Returns a copy of the transform associated with this
1251      * {@code Font}.  This transform is not necessarily the one
1252      * used to construct the font.  If the font has algorithmic
1253      * superscripting or width adjustment, this will be incorporated
1254      * into the returned {@code AffineTransform}.
1255      * <p>
1256      * Typically, fonts will not be transformed.  Clients generally
1257      * should call {@link #isTransformed} first, and only call this
1258      * method if {@code isTransformed} returns true.
1259      *
1260      * @return an {@link AffineTransform} object representing the
1261      *          transform attribute of this {@code Font} object.
1262      */
1263     public AffineTransform getTransform() {
1264         /* The most common case is the identity transform.  Most callers
1265          * should call isTransformed() first, to decide if they need to
1266          * get the transform, but some may not.  Here we check to see
1267          * if we have a nonidentity transform, and only do the work to
1268          * fetch and/or compute it if so, otherwise we return a new
1269          * identity transform.
1270          *
1271          * Note that the transform is _not_ necessarily the same as
1272          * the transform passed in as an Attribute in a Map, as the
1273          * transform returned will also reflect the effects of WIDTH and
1274          * SUPERSCRIPT attributes.  Clients who want the actual transform
1275          * need to call getRequestedAttributes.
1276          */
1277         if (nonIdentityTx) {
1278             AttributeValues values = getAttributeValues();
1279 
1280             AffineTransform at = values.isNonDefault(ETRANSFORM)
1281                 ? new AffineTransform(values.getTransform())
1282                 : new AffineTransform();
1283 
1284             if (values.getSuperscript() != 0) {
1285                 // can't get ascent and descent here, recursive call to this fn,
1286                 // so use pointsize
1287                 // let users combine super- and sub-scripting
1288 
1289                 int superscript = values.getSuperscript();
1290 
1291                 double trans = 0;
1292                 int n = 0;
1293                 boolean up = superscript > 0;
1294                 int sign = up ? -1 : 1;
1295                 int ss = up ? superscript : -superscript;
1296 
1297                 while ((ss & 7) > n) {
1298                     int newn = ss & 7;
1299                     trans += sign * (ssinfo[newn] - ssinfo[n]);
1300                     ss >>= 3;
1301                     sign = -sign;
1302                     n = newn;
1303                 }
1304                 trans *= pointSize;
1305                 double scale = Math.pow(2./3., n);
1306 
1307                 at.preConcatenate(AffineTransform.getTranslateInstance(0, trans));
1308                 at.scale(scale, scale);
1309 
1310                 // note on placement and italics
1311                 // We preconcatenate the transform because we don't want to translate along
1312                 // the italic angle, but purely perpendicular to the baseline.  While this
1313                 // looks ok for superscripts, it can lead subscripts to stack on each other
1314                 // and bring the following text too close.  The way we deal with potential
1315                 // collisions that can occur in the case of italics is by adjusting the
1316                 // horizontal spacing of the adjacent glyphvectors.  Examine the italic
1317                 // angle of both vectors, if one is non-zero, compute the minimum ascent
1318                 // and descent, and then the x position at each for each vector along its
1319                 // italic angle starting from its (offset) baseline.  Compute the difference
1320                 // between the x positions and use the maximum difference to adjust the
1321                 // position of the right gv.
1322             }
1323 
1324             if (values.isNonDefault(EWIDTH)) {
1325                 at.scale(values.getWidth(), 1f);
1326             }
1327 
1328             return at;
1329         }
1330 
1331         return new AffineTransform();
1332     }
1333 
1334     // x = r^0 + r^1 + r^2... r^n
1335     // rx = r^1 + r^2 + r^3... r^(n+1)
1336     // x - rx = r^0 - r^(n+1)
1337     // x (1 - r) = r^0 - r^(n+1)
1338     // x = (r^0 - r^(n+1)) / (1 - r)
1339     // x = (1 - r^(n+1)) / (1 - r)
1340 
1341     // scale ratio is 2/3
1342     // trans = 1/2 of ascent * x
1343     // assume ascent is 3/4 of point size
1344 
1345     private static final float[] ssinfo = {
1346         0.0f,
1347         0.375f,
1348         0.625f,
1349         0.7916667f,
1350         0.9027778f,
1351         0.9768519f,
1352         1.0262346f,
1353         1.0591564f,
1354     };
1355 
1356     /**
1357      * Returns the family name of this {@code Font}.
1358      *
1359      * <p>The family name of a font is font specific. Two fonts such as
1360      * Helvetica Italic and Helvetica Bold have the same family name,
1361      * <i>Helvetica</i>, whereas their font face names are
1362      * <i>Helvetica Bold</i> and <i>Helvetica Italic</i>. The list of
1363      * available family names may be obtained by using the
1364      * {@link GraphicsEnvironment#getAvailableFontFamilyNames()} method.
1365      *
1366      * <p>Use {@code getName} to get the logical name of the font.
1367      * Use {@code getFontName} to get the font face name of the font.
1368      * @return a {@code String} that is the family name of this
1369      *          {@code Font}.
1370      *
1371      * @see #getName
1372      * @see #getFontName
1373      * @since 1.1
1374      */
1375     public String getFamily() {
1376         return getFamily_NoClientCode();
1377     }
1378     // NOTE: This method is called by privileged threads.
1379     //       We implement this functionality in a package-private
1380     //       method to insure that it cannot be overridden by client
1381     //       subclasses.
1382     //       DO NOT INVOKE CLIENT CODE ON THIS THREAD!
1383     final String getFamily_NoClientCode() {
1384         return getFamily(Locale.getDefault());
1385     }
1386 
1387     /**
1388      * Returns the family name of this {@code Font}, localized for
1389      * the specified locale.
1390      *
1391      * <p>The family name of a font is font specific. Two fonts such as
1392      * Helvetica Italic and Helvetica Bold have the same family name,
1393      * <i>Helvetica</i>, whereas their font face names are
1394      * <i>Helvetica Bold</i> and <i>Helvetica Italic</i>. The list of
1395      * available family names may be obtained by using the
1396      * {@link GraphicsEnvironment#getAvailableFontFamilyNames()} method.
1397      *
1398      * <p>Use {@code getFontName} to get the font face name of the font.
1399      * @param l locale for which to get the family name
1400      * @return a {@code String} representing the family name of the
1401      *          font, localized for the specified locale.
1402      * @see #getFontName
1403      * @see java.util.Locale
1404      * @since 1.2
1405      */
1406     public String getFamily(Locale l) {
1407         if (l == null) {
1408             throw new NullPointerException("null locale doesn't mean default");
1409         }
1410         return getFont2D().getFamilyName(l);
1411     }
1412 
1413     /**
1414      * Returns the postscript name of this {@code Font}.
1415      * Use {@code getFamily} to get the family name of the font.
1416      * Use {@code getFontName} to get the font face name of the font.
1417      * @return a {@code String} representing the postscript name of
1418      *          this {@code Font}.
1419      * @since 1.2
1420      */
1421     public String getPSName() {
1422         return getFont2D().getPostscriptName();
1423     }
1424 
1425     /**
1426      * Returns the logical name of this {@code Font}.
1427      * Use {@code getFamily} to get the family name of the font.
1428      * Use {@code getFontName} to get the font face name of the font.
1429      * @return a {@code String} representing the logical name of
1430      *          this {@code Font}.
1431      * @see #getFamily
1432      * @see #getFontName
1433      * @since 1.0
1434      */
1435     public String getName() {
1436         return name;
1437     }
1438 
1439     /**
1440      * Returns the font face name of this {@code Font}.  For example,
1441      * Helvetica Bold could be returned as a font face name.
1442      * Use {@code getFamily} to get the family name of the font.
1443      * Use {@code getName} to get the logical name of the font.
1444      * @return a {@code String} representing the font face name of
1445      *          this {@code Font}.
1446      * @see #getFamily
1447      * @see #getName
1448      * @since 1.2
1449      */
1450     public String getFontName() {
1451       return getFontName(Locale.getDefault());
1452     }
1453 
1454     /**
1455      * Returns the font face name of the {@code Font}, localized
1456      * for the specified locale. For example, Helvetica Fett could be
1457      * returned as the font face name.
1458      * Use {@code getFamily} to get the family name of the font.
1459      * @param l a locale for which to get the font face name
1460      * @return a {@code String} representing the font face name,
1461      *          localized for the specified locale.
1462      * @see #getFamily
1463      * @see java.util.Locale
1464      */
1465     public String getFontName(Locale l) {
1466         if (l == null) {
1467             throw new NullPointerException("null locale doesn't mean default");
1468         }
1469         return getFont2D().getFontName(l);
1470     }
1471 
1472     /**
1473      * Returns the style of this {@code Font}.  The style can be
1474      * PLAIN, BOLD, ITALIC, or BOLD+ITALIC.
1475      * @return the style of this {@code Font}
1476      * @see #isPlain
1477      * @see #isBold
1478      * @see #isItalic
1479      * @since 1.0
1480      */
1481     public int getStyle() {
1482         return style;
1483     }
1484 
1485     /**
1486      * Returns the point size of this {@code Font}, rounded to
1487      * an integer.
1488      * Most users are familiar with the idea of using <i>point size</i> to
1489      * specify the size of glyphs in a font. This point size defines a
1490      * measurement between the baseline of one line to the baseline of the
1491      * following line in a single spaced text document. The point size is
1492      * based on <i>typographic points</i>, approximately 1/72 of an inch.
1493      * <p>
1494      * The Java(tm)2D API adopts the convention that one point is
1495      * equivalent to one unit in user coordinates.  When using a
1496      * normalized transform for converting user space coordinates to
1497      * device space coordinates 72 user
1498      * space units equal 1 inch in device space.  In this case one point
1499      * is 1/72 of an inch.
1500      * @return the point size of this {@code Font} in 1/72 of an
1501      *          inch units.
1502      * @see #getSize2D
1503      * @see GraphicsConfiguration#getDefaultTransform
1504      * @see GraphicsConfiguration#getNormalizingTransform
1505      * @since 1.0
1506      */
1507     public int getSize() {
1508         return size;
1509     }
1510 
1511     /**
1512      * Returns the point size of this {@code Font} in
1513      * {@code float} value.
1514      * @return the point size of this {@code Font} as a
1515      * {@code float} value.
1516      * @see #getSize
1517      * @since 1.2
1518      */
1519     public float getSize2D() {
1520         return pointSize;
1521     }
1522 
1523     /**
1524      * Indicates whether or not this {@code Font} object's style is
1525      * PLAIN.
1526      * @return    {@code true} if this {@code Font} has a
1527      *            PLAIN style;
1528      *            {@code false} otherwise.
1529      * @see       java.awt.Font#getStyle
1530      * @since     1.0
1531      */
1532     public boolean isPlain() {
1533         return style == 0;
1534     }
1535 
1536     /**
1537      * Indicates whether or not this {@code Font} object's style is
1538      * BOLD.
1539      * @return    {@code true} if this {@code Font} object's
1540      *            style is BOLD;
1541      *            {@code false} otherwise.
1542      * @see       java.awt.Font#getStyle
1543      * @since     1.0
1544      */
1545     public boolean isBold() {
1546         return (style & BOLD) != 0;
1547     }
1548 
1549     /**
1550      * Indicates whether or not this {@code Font} object's style is
1551      * ITALIC.
1552      * @return    {@code true} if this {@code Font} object's
1553      *            style is ITALIC;
1554      *            {@code false} otherwise.
1555      * @see       java.awt.Font#getStyle
1556      * @since     1.0
1557      */
1558     public boolean isItalic() {
1559         return (style & ITALIC) != 0;
1560     }
1561 
1562     /**
1563      * Indicates whether or not this {@code Font} object has a
1564      * transform that affects its size in addition to the Size
1565      * attribute.
1566      * @return  {@code true} if this {@code Font} object
1567      *          has a non-identity AffineTransform attribute.
1568      *          {@code false} otherwise.
1569      * @see     java.awt.Font#getTransform
1570      * @since   1.4
1571      */
1572     public boolean isTransformed() {
1573         return nonIdentityTx;
1574     }
1575 
1576     /**
1577      * Return true if this Font contains attributes that require extra
1578      * layout processing.
1579      * @return true if the font has layout attributes
1580      * @since 1.6
1581      */
1582     public boolean hasLayoutAttributes() {
1583         return hasLayoutAttributes;
1584     }
1585 
1586     /**
1587      * Returns a {@code Font} object from the system properties list.
1588      * {@code nm} is treated as the name of a system property to be
1589      * obtained.  The {@code String} value of this property is then
1590      * interpreted as a {@code Font} object according to the
1591      * specification of {@code Font.decode(String)}
1592      * If the specified property is not found, or the executing code does
1593      * not have permission to read the property, null is returned instead.
1594      *
1595      * @param nm the property name
1596      * @return a {@code Font} object that the property name
1597      *          describes, or null if no such property exists.
1598      * @throws NullPointerException if nm is null.
1599      * @since 1.2
1600      * @see #decode(String)
1601      */
1602     public static Font getFont(String nm) {
1603         return getFont(nm, null);
1604     }
1605 
1606     /**
1607      * Returns the {@code Font} that the {@code str}
1608      * argument describes.
1609      * To ensure that this method returns the desired Font,
1610      * format the {@code str} parameter in
1611      * one of these ways
1612      *
1613      * <ul>
1614      * <li><em>fontname-style-pointsize</em>
1615      * <li><em>fontname-pointsize</em>
1616      * <li><em>fontname-style</em>
1617      * <li><em>fontname</em>
1618      * <li><em>fontname style pointsize</em>
1619      * <li><em>fontname pointsize</em>
1620      * <li><em>fontname style</em>
1621      * <li><em>fontname</em>
1622      * </ul>
1623      * in which <i>style</i> is one of the four
1624      * case-insensitive strings:
1625      * {@code "PLAIN"}, {@code "BOLD"}, {@code "BOLDITALIC"}, or
1626      * {@code "ITALIC"}, and pointsize is a positive decimal integer
1627      * representation of the point size.
1628      * For example, if you want a font that is Arial, bold, with
1629      * a point size of 18, you would call this method with:
1630      * "Arial-BOLD-18".
1631      * This is equivalent to calling the Font constructor :
1632      * {@code new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, 18);}
1633      * and the values are interpreted as specified by that constructor.
1634      * <p>
1635      * A valid trailing decimal field is always interpreted as the pointsize.
1636      * Therefore a fontname containing a trailing decimal value should not
1637      * be used in the fontname only form.
1638      * <p>
1639      * If a style name field is not one of the valid style strings, it is
1640      * interpreted as part of the font name, and the default style is used.
1641      * <p>
1642      * Only one of ' ' or '-' may be used to separate fields in the input.
1643      * The identified separator is the one closest to the end of the string
1644      * which separates a valid pointsize, or a valid style name from
1645      * the rest of the string.
1646      * Null (empty) pointsize and style fields are treated
1647      * as valid fields with the default value for that field.
1648      *<p>
1649      * Some font names may include the separator characters ' ' or '-'.
1650      * If {@code str} is not formed with 3 components, e.g. such that
1651      * {@code style} or {@code pointsize} fields are not present in
1652      * {@code str}, and {@code fontname} also contains a
1653      * character determined to be the separator character
1654      * then these characters where they appear as intended to be part of
1655      * {@code fontname} may instead be interpreted as separators
1656      * so the font name may not be properly recognised.
1657      *
1658      * <p>
1659      * The default size is 12 and the default style is PLAIN.
1660      * If {@code str} does not specify a valid size, the returned
1661      * {@code Font} has a size of 12.  If {@code str} does not
1662      * specify a valid style, the returned Font has a style of PLAIN.
1663      * If you do not specify a valid font name in
1664      * the {@code str} argument, this method will return
1665      * a font with the family name "Dialog".
1666      * To determine what font family names are available on
1667      * your system, use the
1668      * {@link GraphicsEnvironment#getAvailableFontFamilyNames()} method.
1669      * If {@code str} is {@code null}, a new {@code Font}
1670      * is returned with the family name "Dialog", a size of 12 and a
1671      * PLAIN style.
1672      * @param str the name of the font, or {@code null}
1673      * @return the {@code Font} object that {@code str}
1674      *          describes, or a new default {@code Font} if
1675      *          {@code str} is {@code null}.
1676      * @see #getFamily
1677      * @since 1.1
1678      */
1679     public static Font decode(String str) {
1680         String fontName = str;
1681         String styleName = "";
1682         int fontSize = 12;
1683         int fontStyle = Font.PLAIN;
1684 
1685         if (str == null) {
1686             return new Font(DIALOG, fontStyle, fontSize);
1687         }
1688 
1689         int lastHyphen = str.lastIndexOf('-');
1690         int lastSpace = str.lastIndexOf(' ');
1691         char sepChar = (lastHyphen > lastSpace) ? '-' : ' ';
1692         int sizeIndex = str.lastIndexOf(sepChar);
1693         int styleIndex = str.lastIndexOf(sepChar, sizeIndex-1);
1694         int strlen = str.length();
1695 
1696         if (sizeIndex > 0 && sizeIndex+1 < strlen) {
1697             try {
1698                 fontSize =
1699                     Integer.valueOf(str.substring(sizeIndex+1)).intValue();
1700                 if (fontSize <= 0) {
1701                     fontSize = 12;
1702                 }
1703             } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
1704                 /* It wasn't a valid size, if we didn't also find the
1705                  * start of the style string perhaps this is the style */
1706                 styleIndex = sizeIndex;
1707                 sizeIndex = strlen;
1708                 if (str.charAt(sizeIndex-1) == sepChar) {
1709                     sizeIndex--;
1710                 }
1711             }
1712         }
1713 
1714         if (styleIndex >= 0 && styleIndex+1 < strlen) {
1715             styleName = str.substring(styleIndex+1, sizeIndex);
1716             styleName = styleName.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
1717             if (styleName.equals("bolditalic")) {
1718                 fontStyle = Font.BOLD | Font.ITALIC;
1719             } else if (styleName.equals("italic")) {
1720                 fontStyle = Font.ITALIC;
1721             } else if (styleName.equals("bold")) {
1722                 fontStyle = Font.BOLD;
1723             } else if (styleName.equals("plain")) {
1724                 fontStyle = Font.PLAIN;
1725             } else {
1726                 /* this string isn't any of the expected styles, so
1727                  * assume its part of the font name
1728                  */
1729                 styleIndex = sizeIndex;
1730                 if (str.charAt(styleIndex-1) == sepChar) {
1731                     styleIndex--;
1732                 }
1733             }
1734             fontName = str.substring(0, styleIndex);
1735 
1736         } else {
1737             int fontEnd = strlen;
1738             if (styleIndex > 0) {
1739                 fontEnd = styleIndex;
1740             } else if (sizeIndex > 0) {
1741                 fontEnd = sizeIndex;
1742             }
1743             if (fontEnd > 0 && str.charAt(fontEnd-1) == sepChar) {
1744                 fontEnd--;
1745             }
1746             fontName = str.substring(0, fontEnd);
1747         }
1748 
1749         return new Font(fontName, fontStyle, fontSize);
1750     }
1751 
1752     /**
1753      * Gets the specified {@code Font} from the system properties
1754      * list.  As in the {@code getProperty} method of
1755      * {@code System}, the first
1756      * argument is treated as the name of a system property to be
1757      * obtained.  The {@code String} value of this property is then
1758      * interpreted as a {@code Font} object.
1759      * <p>
1760      * The property value should be one of the forms accepted by
1761      * {@code Font.decode(String)}
1762      * If the specified property is not found, or the executing code does not
1763      * have permission to read the property, the {@code font}
1764      * argument is returned instead.
1765      * @param nm the case-insensitive property name
1766      * @param font a default {@code Font} to return if property
1767      *          {@code nm} is not defined
1768      * @return    the {@code Font} value of the property.
1769      * @throws NullPointerException if nm is null.
1770      * @see #decode(String)
1771      */
1772     public static Font getFont(String nm, Font font) {
1773         String str = null;
1774         try {
1775             str =System.getProperty(nm);
1776         } catch(SecurityException e) {
1777         }
1778         if (str == null) {
1779             return font;
1780         }
1781         return decode ( str );
1782     }
1783 
1784     transient int hash;
1785     /**
1786      * Returns a hashcode for this {@code Font}.
1787      * @return     a hashcode value for this {@code Font}.
1788      * @since      1.0
1789      */
1790     public int hashCode() {
1791         if (hash == 0) {
1792             hash = name.hashCode() ^ style ^ size;
1793             /* It is possible many fonts differ only in transform.
1794              * So include the transform in the hash calculation.
1795              * nonIdentityTx is set whenever there is a transform in
1796              * 'values'. The tests for null are required because it can
1797              * also be set for other reasons.
1798              */
1799             if (nonIdentityTx &&
1800                 values != null && values.getTransform() != null) {
1801                 hash ^= values.getTransform().hashCode();
1802             }
1803         }
1804         return hash;
1805     }
1806 
1807     /**
1808      * Compares this {@code Font} object to the specified
1809      * {@code Object}.
1810      * @param obj the {@code Object} to compare
1811      * @return {@code true} if the objects are the same
1812      *          or if the argument is a {@code Font} object
1813      *          describing the same font as this object;
1814      *          {@code false} otherwise.
1815      * @since 1.0
1816      */
1817     public boolean equals(Object obj) {
1818         if (obj == this) {
1819             return true;
1820         }
1821 
1822         if (obj instanceof Font) {
1823             Font font = (Font)obj;
1824             if (size == font.size &&
1825                 style == font.style &&
1826                 nonIdentityTx == font.nonIdentityTx &&
1827                 hasLayoutAttributes == font.hasLayoutAttributes &&
1828                 pointSize == font.pointSize &&
1829                 name.equals(font.name)) {
1830 
1831                 /* 'values' is usually initialized lazily, except when
1832                  * the font is constructed from a Map, or derived using
1833                  * a Map or other values. So if only one font has
1834                  * the field initialized we need to initialize it in
1835                  * the other instance and compare.
1836                  */
1837                 if (values == null) {
1838                     if (font.values == null) {
1839                         return true;
1840                     } else {
1841                         return getAttributeValues().equals(font.values);
1842                     }
1843                 } else {
1844                     return values.equals(font.getAttributeValues());
1845                 }
1846             }
1847         }
1848         return false;
1849     }
1850 
1851     /**
1852      * Converts this {@code Font} object to a {@code String}
1853      * representation.
1854      * @return     a {@code String} representation of this
1855      *          {@code Font} object.
1856      * @since      1.0
1857      */
1858     // NOTE: This method may be called by privileged threads.
1859     //       DO NOT INVOKE CLIENT CODE ON THIS THREAD!
1860     public String toString() {
1861         String  strStyle;
1862 
1863         if (isBold()) {
1864             strStyle = isItalic() ? "bolditalic" : "bold";
1865         } else {
1866             strStyle = isItalic() ? "italic" : "plain";
1867         }
1868 
1869         return getClass().getName() + "[family=" + getFamily() + ",name=" + name + ",style=" +
1870             strStyle + ",size=" + size + "]";
1871     } // toString()
1872 
1873 
1874     /** Serialization support.  A {@code readObject}
1875      *  method is necessary because the constructor creates
1876      *  the font's peer, and we can't serialize the peer.
1877      *  Similarly the computed font "family" may be different
1878      *  at {@code readObject} time than at
1879      *  {@code writeObject} time.  An integer version is
1880      *  written so that future versions of this class will be
1881      *  able to recognize serialized output from this one.
1882      */
1883     /**
1884      * The {@code Font} Serializable Data Form.
1885      *
1886      * @serial
1887      */
1888     private int fontSerializedDataVersion = 1;
1889 
1890     /**
1891      * Writes default serializable fields to a stream.
1892      *
1893      * @param s the {@code ObjectOutputStream} to write
1894      * @see AWTEventMulticaster#save(ObjectOutputStream, String, EventListener)
1895      * @see #readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream)
1896      */
1897     private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
1898       throws java.io.IOException
1899     {
1900         if (values != null) {
1901           synchronized(values) {
1902             // transient
1903             fRequestedAttributes = values.toSerializableHashtable();
1904             s.defaultWriteObject();
1905             fRequestedAttributes = null;
1906           }
1907         } else {
1908           s.defaultWriteObject();
1909         }
1910     }
1911 
1912     /**
1913      * Reads the {@code ObjectInputStream}.
1914      * Unrecognized keys or values will be ignored.
1915      *
1916      * @param s the {@code ObjectInputStream} to read
1917      * @serial
1918      * @see #writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream)
1919      */
1920     private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
1921       throws java.lang.ClassNotFoundException,
1922              java.io.IOException
1923     {
1924         s.defaultReadObject();
1925         if (pointSize == 0) {
1926             pointSize = (float)size;
1927         }
1928 
1929         // Handle fRequestedAttributes.
1930         // in 1.5, we always streamed out the font values plus
1931         // TRANSFORM, SUPERSCRIPT, and WIDTH, regardless of whether the
1932         // values were default or not.  In 1.6 we only stream out
1933         // defined values.  So, 1.6 streams in from a 1.5 stream,
1934         // it check each of these values and 'undefines' it if the
1935         // value is the default.
1936 
1937         if (fRequestedAttributes != null) {
1938             values = getAttributeValues(); // init
1939             AttributeValues extras =
1940                 AttributeValues.fromSerializableHashtable(fRequestedAttributes);
1941             if (!AttributeValues.is16Hashtable(fRequestedAttributes)) {
1942                 extras.unsetDefault(); // if legacy stream, undefine these
1943             }
1944             values = getAttributeValues().merge(extras);
1945             this.nonIdentityTx = values.anyNonDefault(EXTRA_MASK);
1946             this.hasLayoutAttributes =  values.anyNonDefault(LAYOUT_MASK);
1947 
1948             fRequestedAttributes = null; // don't need it any more
1949         }
1950     }
1951 
1952     /**
1953      * Returns the number of glyphs in this {@code Font}. Glyph codes
1954      * for this {@code Font} range from 0 to
1955      * {@code getNumGlyphs()} - 1.
1956      * @return the number of glyphs in this {@code Font}.
1957      * @since 1.2
1958      */
1959     public int getNumGlyphs() {
1960         return  getFont2D().getNumGlyphs();
1961     }
1962 
1963     /**
1964      * Returns the glyphCode which is used when this {@code Font}
1965      * does not have a glyph for a specified unicode code point.
1966      * @return the glyphCode of this {@code Font}.
1967      * @since 1.2
1968      */
1969     public int getMissingGlyphCode() {
1970         return getFont2D().getMissingGlyphCode();
1971     }
1972 
1973     /**
1974      * Returns the baseline appropriate for displaying this character.
1975      * <p>
1976      * Large fonts can support different writing systems, and each system can
1977      * use a different baseline.
1978      * The character argument determines the writing system to use. Clients
1979      * should not assume all characters use the same baseline.
1980      *
1981      * @param c a character used to identify the writing system
1982      * @return the baseline appropriate for the specified character.
1983      * @see LineMetrics#getBaselineOffsets
1984      * @see #ROMAN_BASELINE
1985      * @see #CENTER_BASELINE
1986      * @see #HANGING_BASELINE
1987      * @since 1.2
1988      */
1989     public byte getBaselineFor(char c) {
1990         return getFont2D().getBaselineFor(c);
1991     }
1992 
1993     /**
1994      * Returns a map of font attributes available in this
1995      * {@code Font}.  Attributes include things like ligatures and
1996      * glyph substitution.
1997      * @return the attributes map of this {@code Font}.
1998      */
1999     public Map<TextAttribute,?> getAttributes(){
2000         return new AttributeMap(getAttributeValues());
2001     }
2002 
2003     /**
2004      * Returns the keys of all the attributes supported by this
2005      * {@code Font}.  These attributes can be used to derive other
2006      * fonts.
2007      * @return an array containing the keys of all the attributes
2008      *          supported by this {@code Font}.
2009      * @since 1.2
2010      */
2011     public Attribute[] getAvailableAttributes() {
2012         // FONT is not supported by Font
2013 
2014         Attribute attributes[] = {
2015             TextAttribute.FAMILY,
2016             TextAttribute.WEIGHT,
2017             TextAttribute.WIDTH,
2018             TextAttribute.POSTURE,
2019             TextAttribute.SIZE,
2020             TextAttribute.TRANSFORM,
2021             TextAttribute.SUPERSCRIPT,
2022             TextAttribute.CHAR_REPLACEMENT,
2023             TextAttribute.FOREGROUND,
2024             TextAttribute.BACKGROUND,
2025             TextAttribute.UNDERLINE,
2026             TextAttribute.STRIKETHROUGH,
2027             TextAttribute.RUN_DIRECTION,
2028             TextAttribute.BIDI_EMBEDDING,
2029             TextAttribute.JUSTIFICATION,
2030             TextAttribute.INPUT_METHOD_HIGHLIGHT,
2031             TextAttribute.INPUT_METHOD_UNDERLINE,
2032             TextAttribute.SWAP_COLORS,
2033             TextAttribute.NUMERIC_SHAPING,
2034             TextAttribute.KERNING,
2035             TextAttribute.LIGATURES,
2036             TextAttribute.TRACKING,
2037         };
2038 
2039         return attributes;
2040     }
2041 
2042     /**
2043      * Creates a new {@code Font} object by replicating this
2044      * {@code Font} object and applying a new style and size.
2045      * @param style the style for the new {@code Font}
2046      * @param size the size for the new {@code Font}
2047      * @return a new {@code Font} object.
2048      * @since 1.2
2049      */
2050     public Font deriveFont(int style, float size){
2051         if (values == null) {
2052             return new Font(name, style, size, createdFont, font2DHandle);
2053         }
2054         AttributeValues newValues = getAttributeValues().clone();
2055         int oldStyle = (this.style != style) ? this.style : -1;
2056         applyStyle(style, newValues);
2057         newValues.setSize(size);
2058         return new Font(newValues, null, oldStyle, createdFont, font2DHandle);
2059     }
2060 
2061     /**
2062      * Creates a new {@code Font} object by replicating this
2063      * {@code Font} object and applying a new style and transform.
2064      * @param style the style for the new {@code Font}
2065      * @param trans the {@code AffineTransform} associated with the
2066      * new {@code Font}
2067      * @return a new {@code Font} object.
2068      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code trans} is
2069      *         {@code null}
2070      * @since 1.2
2071      */
2072     public Font deriveFont(int style, AffineTransform trans){
2073         AttributeValues newValues = getAttributeValues().clone();
2074         int oldStyle = (this.style != style) ? this.style : -1;
2075         applyStyle(style, newValues);
2076         applyTransform(trans, newValues);
2077         return new Font(newValues, null, oldStyle, createdFont, font2DHandle);
2078     }
2079 
2080     /**
2081      * Creates a new {@code Font} object by replicating the current
2082      * {@code Font} object and applying a new size to it.
2083      * @param size the size for the new {@code Font}.
2084      * @return a new {@code Font} object.
2085      * @since 1.2
2086      */
2087     public Font deriveFont(float size){
2088         if (values == null) {
2089             return new Font(name, style, size, createdFont, font2DHandle);
2090         }
2091         AttributeValues newValues = getAttributeValues().clone();
2092         newValues.setSize(size);
2093         return new Font(newValues, null, -1, createdFont, font2DHandle);
2094     }
2095 
2096     /**
2097      * Creates a new {@code Font} object by replicating the current
2098      * {@code Font} object and applying a new transform to it.
2099      * @param trans the {@code AffineTransform} associated with the
2100      * new {@code Font}
2101      * @return a new {@code Font} object.
2102      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code trans} is
2103      *         {@code null}
2104      * @since 1.2
2105      */
2106     public Font deriveFont(AffineTransform trans){
2107         AttributeValues newValues = getAttributeValues().clone();
2108         applyTransform(trans, newValues);
2109         return new Font(newValues, null, -1, createdFont, font2DHandle);
2110     }
2111 
2112     /**
2113      * Creates a new {@code Font} object by replicating the current
2114      * {@code Font} object and applying a new style to it.
2115      * @param style the style for the new {@code Font}
2116      * @return a new {@code Font} object.
2117      * @since 1.2
2118      */
2119     public Font deriveFont(int style){
2120         if (values == null) {
2121            return new Font(name, style, size, createdFont, font2DHandle);
2122         }
2123         AttributeValues newValues = getAttributeValues().clone();
2124         int oldStyle = (this.style != style) ? this.style : -1;
2125         applyStyle(style, newValues);
2126         return new Font(newValues, null, oldStyle, createdFont, font2DHandle);
2127     }
2128 
2129     /**
2130      * Creates a new {@code Font} object by replicating the current
2131      * {@code Font} object and applying a new set of font attributes
2132      * to it.
2133      *
2134      * @param attributes a map of attributes enabled for the new
2135      * {@code Font}
2136      * @return a new {@code Font} object.
2137      * @since 1.2
2138      */
2139     public Font deriveFont(Map<? extends Attribute, ?> attributes) {
2140         if (attributes == null) {
2141             return this;
2142         }
2143         AttributeValues newValues = getAttributeValues().clone();
2144         newValues.merge(attributes, RECOGNIZED_MASK);
2145 
2146         return new Font(newValues, name, style, createdFont, font2DHandle);
2147     }
2148 
2149     /**
2150      * Checks if this {@code Font} has a glyph for the specified
2151      * character.
2152      *
2153      * <p> <b>Note:</b> This method cannot handle <a
2154      * href="../../java/lang/Character.html#supplementary"> supplementary
2155      * characters</a>. To support all Unicode characters, including
2156      * supplementary characters, use the {@link #canDisplay(int)}
2157      * method or {@code canDisplayUpTo} methods.
2158      *
2159      * @param c the character for which a glyph is needed
2160      * @return {@code true} if this {@code Font} has a glyph for this
2161      *          character; {@code false} otherwise.
2162      * @since 1.2
2163      */
2164     public boolean canDisplay(char c){
2165         return getFont2D().canDisplay(c);
2166     }
2167 
2168     /**
2169      * Checks if this {@code Font} has a glyph for the specified
2170      * character.
2171      *
2172      * @param codePoint the character (Unicode code point) for which a glyph
2173      *        is needed.
2174      * @return {@code true} if this {@code Font} has a glyph for the
2175      *          character; {@code false} otherwise.
2176      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the code point is not a valid Unicode
2177      *          code point.
2178      * @see Character#isValidCodePoint(int)
2179      * @since 1.5
2180      */
2181     public boolean canDisplay(int codePoint) {
2182         if (!Character.isValidCodePoint(codePoint)) {
2183             throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid code point: " +
2184                                                Integer.toHexString(codePoint));
2185         }
2186         return getFont2D().canDisplay(codePoint);
2187     }
2188 
2189     /**
2190      * Indicates whether or not this {@code Font} can display a
2191      * specified {@code String}.  For strings with Unicode encoding,
2192      * it is important to know if a particular font can display the
2193      * string. This method returns an offset into the {@code String}
2194      * {@code str} which is the first character this
2195      * {@code Font} cannot display without using the missing glyph
2196      * code. If the {@code Font} can display all characters, -1 is
2197      * returned.
2198      * @param str a {@code String} object
2199      * @return an offset into {@code str} that points
2200      *          to the first character in {@code str} that this
2201      *          {@code Font} cannot display; or {@code -1} if
2202      *          this {@code Font} can display all characters in
2203      *          {@code str}.
2204      * @since 1.2
2205      */
2206     public int canDisplayUpTo(String str) {
2207         Font2D font2d = getFont2D();
2208         int len = str.length();
2209         for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
2210             char c = str.charAt(i);
2211             if (font2d.canDisplay(c)) {
2212                 continue;
2213             }
2214             if (!Character.isHighSurrogate(c)) {
2215                 return i;
2216             }
2217             if (!font2d.canDisplay(str.codePointAt(i))) {
2218                 return i;
2219             }
2220             i++;
2221         }
2222         return -1;
2223     }
2224 
2225     /**
2226      * Indicates whether or not this {@code Font} can display
2227      * the characters in the specified {@code text}
2228      * starting at {@code start} and ending at
2229      * {@code limit}.  This method is a convenience overload.
2230      * @param text the specified array of {@code char} values
2231      * @param start the specified starting offset (in
2232      *              {@code char}s) into the specified array of
2233      *              {@code char} values
2234      * @param limit the specified ending offset (in
2235      *              {@code char}s) into the specified array of
2236      *              {@code char} values
2237      * @return an offset into {@code text} that points
2238      *          to the first character in {@code text} that this
2239      *          {@code Font} cannot display; or {@code -1} if
2240      *          this {@code Font} can display all characters in
2241      *          {@code text}.
2242      * @since 1.2
2243      */
2244     public int canDisplayUpTo(char[] text, int start, int limit) {
2245         Font2D font2d = getFont2D();
2246         for (int i = start; i < limit; i++) {
2247             char c = text[i];
2248             if (font2d.canDisplay(c)) {
2249                 continue;
2250             }
2251             if (!Character.isHighSurrogate(c)) {
2252                 return i;
2253             }
2254             if (!font2d.canDisplay(Character.codePointAt(text, i, limit))) {
2255                 return i;
2256             }
2257             i++;
2258         }
2259         return -1;
2260     }
2261 
2262     /**
2263      * Indicates whether or not this {@code Font} can display the
2264      * text specified by the {@code iter} starting at
2265      * {@code start} and ending at {@code limit}.
2266      *
2267      * @param iter  a {@link CharacterIterator} object
2268      * @param start the specified starting offset into the specified
2269      *              {@code CharacterIterator}.
2270      * @param limit the specified ending offset into the specified
2271      *              {@code CharacterIterator}.
2272      * @return an offset into {@code iter} that points
2273      *          to the first character in {@code iter} that this
2274      *          {@code Font} cannot display; or {@code -1} if
2275      *          this {@code Font} can display all characters in
2276      *          {@code iter}.
2277      * @since 1.2
2278      */
2279     public int canDisplayUpTo(CharacterIterator iter, int start, int limit) {
2280         Font2D font2d = getFont2D();
2281         char c = iter.setIndex(start);
2282         for (int i = start; i < limit; i++, c = iter.next()) {
2283             if (font2d.canDisplay(c)) {
2284                 continue;
2285             }
2286             if (!Character.isHighSurrogate(c)) {
2287                 return i;
2288             }
2289             char c2 = iter.next();
2290             // c2 could be CharacterIterator.DONE which is not a low surrogate.
2291             if (!Character.isLowSurrogate(c2)) {
2292                 return i;
2293             }
2294             if (!font2d.canDisplay(Character.toCodePoint(c, c2))) {
2295                 return i;
2296             }
2297             i++;
2298         }
2299         return -1;
2300     }
2301 
2302     /**
2303      * Returns the italic angle of this {@code Font}.  The italic angle
2304      * is the inverse slope of the caret which best matches the posture of this
2305      * {@code Font}.
2306      * @see TextAttribute#POSTURE
2307      * @return the angle of the ITALIC style of this {@code Font}.
2308      */
2309     public float getItalicAngle() {
2310         return getItalicAngle(null);
2311     }
2312 
2313     /* The FRC hints don't affect the value of the italic angle but
2314      * we need to pass them in to look up a strike.
2315      * If we can pass in ones already being used it can prevent an extra
2316      * strike from being allocated. Note that since italic angle is
2317      * a property of the font, the font transform is needed not the
2318      * device transform. Finally, this is private but the only caller of this
2319      * in the JDK - and the only likely caller - is in this same class.
2320      */
2321     private float getItalicAngle(FontRenderContext frc) {
2322         Object aa, fm;
2323         if (frc == null) {
2324             aa = RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_OFF;
2325             fm = RenderingHints.VALUE_FRACTIONALMETRICS_OFF;
2326         } else {
2327             aa = frc.getAntiAliasingHint();
2328             fm = frc.getFractionalMetricsHint();
2329         }
2330         return getFont2D().getItalicAngle(this, identityTx, aa, fm);
2331     }
2332 
2333     /**
2334      * Checks whether or not this {@code Font} has uniform
2335      * line metrics.  A logical {@code Font} might be a
2336      * composite font, which means that it is composed of different
2337      * physical fonts to cover different code ranges.  Each of these
2338      * fonts might have different {@code LineMetrics}.  If the
2339      * logical {@code Font} is a single
2340      * font then the metrics would be uniform.
2341      * @return {@code true} if this {@code Font} has
2342      * uniform line metrics; {@code false} otherwise.
2343      */
2344     public boolean hasUniformLineMetrics() {
2345         return false;   // REMIND always safe, but prevents caller optimize
2346     }
2347 
2348     private transient SoftReference<FontLineMetrics> flmref;
2349     private FontLineMetrics defaultLineMetrics(FontRenderContext frc) {
2350         FontLineMetrics flm = null;
2351         if (flmref == null
2352             || (flm = flmref.get()) == null
2353             || !flm.frc.equals(frc)) {
2354 
2355             /* The device transform in the frc is not used in obtaining line
2356              * metrics, although it probably should be: REMIND find why not?
2357              * The font transform is used but its applied in getFontMetrics, so
2358              * just pass identity here
2359              */
2360             float [] metrics = new float[8];
2361             getFont2D().getFontMetrics(this, identityTx,
2362                                        frc.getAntiAliasingHint(),
2363                                        frc.getFractionalMetricsHint(),
2364                                        metrics);
2365             float ascent  = metrics[0];
2366             float descent = metrics[1];
2367             float leading = metrics[2];
2368             float ssOffset = 0;
2369             if (values != null && values.getSuperscript() != 0) {
2370                 ssOffset = (float)getTransform().getTranslateY();
2371                 ascent -= ssOffset;
2372                 descent += ssOffset;
2373             }
2374             float height = ascent + descent + leading;
2375 
2376             int baselineIndex = 0; // need real index, assumes roman for everything
2377             // need real baselines eventually
2378             float[] baselineOffsets = { 0, (descent/2f - ascent) / 2f, -ascent };
2379 
2380             float strikethroughOffset = metrics[4];
2381             float strikethroughThickness = metrics[5];
2382 
2383             float underlineOffset = metrics[6];
2384             float underlineThickness = metrics[7];
2385 
2386             float italicAngle = getItalicAngle(frc);
2387 
2388             if (isTransformed()) {
2389                 AffineTransform ctx = values.getCharTransform(); // extract rotation
2390                 if (ctx != null) {
2391                     Point2D.Float pt = new Point2D.Float();
2392                     pt.setLocation(0, strikethroughOffset);
2393                     ctx.deltaTransform(pt, pt);
2394                     strikethroughOffset = pt.y;
2395                     pt.setLocation(0, strikethroughThickness);
2396                     ctx.deltaTransform(pt, pt);
2397                     strikethroughThickness = pt.y;
2398                     pt.setLocation(0, underlineOffset);
2399                     ctx.deltaTransform(pt, pt);
2400                     underlineOffset = pt.y;
2401                     pt.setLocation(0, underlineThickness);
2402                     ctx.deltaTransform(pt, pt);
2403                     underlineThickness = pt.y;
2404                 }
2405             }
2406             strikethroughOffset += ssOffset;
2407             underlineOffset += ssOffset;
2408 
2409             CoreMetrics cm = new CoreMetrics(ascent, descent, leading, height,
2410                                              baselineIndex, baselineOffsets,
2411                                              strikethroughOffset, strikethroughThickness,
2412                                              underlineOffset, underlineThickness,
2413                                              ssOffset, italicAngle);
2414 
2415             flm = new FontLineMetrics(0, cm, frc);
2416             flmref = new SoftReference<FontLineMetrics>(flm);
2417         }
2418 
2419         return (FontLineMetrics)flm.clone();
2420     }
2421 
2422     /**
2423      * Returns a {@link LineMetrics} object created with the specified
2424      * {@code String} and {@link FontRenderContext}.
2425      * @param str the specified {@code String}
2426      * @param frc the specified {@code FontRenderContext}
2427      * @return a {@code LineMetrics} object created with the
2428      * specified {@code String} and {@link FontRenderContext}.
2429      */
2430     public LineMetrics getLineMetrics( String str, FontRenderContext frc) {
2431         FontLineMetrics flm = defaultLineMetrics(frc);
2432         flm.numchars = str.length();
2433         return flm;
2434     }
2435 
2436     /**
2437      * Returns a {@code LineMetrics} object created with the
2438      * specified arguments.
2439      * @param str the specified {@code String}
2440      * @param beginIndex the initial offset of {@code str}
2441      * @param limit the end offset of {@code str}
2442      * @param frc the specified {@code FontRenderContext}
2443      * @return a {@code LineMetrics} object created with the
2444      * specified arguments.
2445      */
2446     public LineMetrics getLineMetrics( String str,
2447                                     int beginIndex, int limit,
2448                                     FontRenderContext frc) {
2449         FontLineMetrics flm = defaultLineMetrics(frc);
2450         int numChars = limit - beginIndex;
2451         flm.numchars = (numChars < 0)? 0: numChars;
2452         return flm;
2453     }
2454 
2455     /**
2456      * Returns a {@code LineMetrics} object created with the
2457      * specified arguments.
2458      * @param chars an array of characters
2459      * @param beginIndex the initial offset of {@code chars}
2460      * @param limit the end offset of {@code chars}
2461      * @param frc the specified {@code FontRenderContext}
2462      * @return a {@code LineMetrics} object created with the
2463      * specified arguments.
2464      */
2465     public LineMetrics getLineMetrics(char [] chars,
2466                                     int beginIndex, int limit,
2467                                     FontRenderContext frc) {
2468         FontLineMetrics flm = defaultLineMetrics(frc);
2469         int numChars = limit - beginIndex;
2470         flm.numchars = (numChars < 0)? 0: numChars;
2471         return flm;
2472     }
2473 
2474     /**
2475      * Returns a {@code LineMetrics} object created with the
2476      * specified arguments.
2477      * @param ci the specified {@code CharacterIterator}
2478      * @param beginIndex the initial offset in {@code ci}
2479      * @param limit the end offset of {@code ci}
2480      * @param frc the specified {@code FontRenderContext}
2481      * @return a {@code LineMetrics} object created with the
2482      * specified arguments.
2483      */
2484     public LineMetrics getLineMetrics(CharacterIterator ci,
2485                                     int beginIndex, int limit,
2486                                     FontRenderContext frc) {
2487         FontLineMetrics flm = defaultLineMetrics(frc);
2488         int numChars = limit - beginIndex;
2489         flm.numchars = (numChars < 0)? 0: numChars;
2490         return flm;
2491     }
2492 
2493     /**
2494      * Returns the logical bounds of the specified {@code String} in
2495      * the specified {@code FontRenderContext}.  The logical bounds
2496      * contains the origin, ascent, advance, and height, which includes
2497      * the leading.  The logical bounds does not always enclose all the
2498      * text.  For example, in some languages and in some fonts, accent
2499      * marks can be positioned above the ascent or below the descent.
2500      * To obtain a visual bounding box, which encloses all the text,
2501      * use the {@link TextLayout#getBounds() getBounds} method of
2502      * {@code TextLayout}.
2503      * <p>Note: The returned bounds is in baseline-relative coordinates
2504      * (see {@link java.awt.Font class notes}).
2505      * @param str the specified {@code String}
2506      * @param frc the specified {@code FontRenderContext}
2507      * @return a {@link Rectangle2D} that is the bounding box of the
2508      * specified {@code String} in the specified
2509      * {@code FontRenderContext}.
2510      * @see FontRenderContext
2511      * @see Font#createGlyphVector
2512      * @since 1.2
2513      */
2514     public Rectangle2D getStringBounds( String str, FontRenderContext frc) {
2515         char[] array = str.toCharArray();
2516         return getStringBounds(array, 0, array.length, frc);
2517     }
2518 
2519    /**
2520      * Returns the logical bounds of the specified {@code String} in
2521      * the specified {@code FontRenderContext}.  The logical bounds
2522      * contains the origin, ascent, advance, and height, which includes
2523      * the leading.  The logical bounds does not always enclose all the
2524      * text.  For example, in some languages and in some fonts, accent
2525      * marks can be positioned above the ascent or below the descent.
2526      * To obtain a visual bounding box, which encloses all the text,
2527      * use the {@link TextLayout#getBounds() getBounds} method of
2528      * {@code TextLayout}.
2529      * <p>Note: The returned bounds is in baseline-relative coordinates
2530      * (see {@link java.awt.Font class notes}).
2531      * @param str the specified {@code String}
2532      * @param beginIndex the initial offset of {@code str}
2533      * @param limit the end offset of {@code str}
2534      * @param frc the specified {@code FontRenderContext}
2535      * @return a {@code Rectangle2D} that is the bounding box of the
2536      * specified {@code String} in the specified
2537      * {@code FontRenderContext}.
2538      * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code beginIndex} is
2539      *         less than zero, or {@code limit} is greater than the
2540      *         length of {@code str}, or {@code beginIndex}
2541      *         is greater than {@code limit}.
2542      * @see FontRenderContext
2543      * @see Font#createGlyphVector
2544      * @since 1.2
2545      */
2546     public Rectangle2D getStringBounds( String str,
2547                                     int beginIndex, int limit,
2548                                         FontRenderContext frc) {
2549         String substr = str.substring(beginIndex, limit);
2550         return getStringBounds(substr, frc);
2551     }
2552 
2553    /**
2554      * Returns the logical bounds of the specified array of characters
2555      * in the specified {@code FontRenderContext}.  The logical
2556      * bounds contains the origin, ascent, advance, and height, which
2557      * includes the leading.  The logical bounds does not always enclose
2558      * all the text.  For example, in some languages and in some fonts,
2559      * accent marks can be positioned above the ascent or below the
2560      * descent.  To obtain a visual bounding box, which encloses all the
2561      * text, use the {@link TextLayout#getBounds() getBounds} method of
2562      * {@code TextLayout}.
2563      * <p>Note: The returned bounds is in baseline-relative coordinates
2564      * (see {@link java.awt.Font class notes}).
2565      * @param chars an array of characters
2566      * @param beginIndex the initial offset in the array of
2567      * characters
2568      * @param limit the end offset in the array of characters
2569      * @param frc the specified {@code FontRenderContext}
2570      * @return a {@code Rectangle2D} that is the bounding box of the
2571      * specified array of characters in the specified
2572      * {@code FontRenderContext}.
2573      * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code beginIndex} is
2574      *         less than zero, or {@code limit} is greater than the
2575      *         length of {@code chars}, or {@code beginIndex}
2576      *         is greater than {@code limit}.
2577      * @see FontRenderContext
2578      * @see Font#createGlyphVector
2579      * @since 1.2
2580      */
2581     public Rectangle2D getStringBounds(char [] chars,
2582                                     int beginIndex, int limit,
2583                                        FontRenderContext frc) {
2584         if (beginIndex < 0) {
2585             throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("beginIndex: " + beginIndex);
2586         }
2587         if (limit > chars.length) {
2588             throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("limit: " + limit);
2589         }
2590         if (beginIndex > limit) {
2591             throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("range length: " +
2592                                                 (limit - beginIndex));
2593         }
2594 
2595         // this code should be in textlayout
2596         // quick check for simple text, assume GV ok to use if simple
2597 
2598         boolean simple = values == null ||
2599             (values.getKerning() == 0 && values.getLigatures() == 0 &&
2600               values.getBaselineTransform() == null);
2601         if (simple) {
2602             simple = ! FontUtilities.isComplexText(chars, beginIndex, limit);
2603         }
2604 
2605         if (simple) {
2606             FontDesignMetrics metrics = FontDesignMetrics.getMetrics(this, frc);
2607             return metrics.getSimpleBounds(chars, beginIndex, limit-beginIndex);
2608         } else {
2609             // need char array constructor on textlayout
2610             String str = new String(chars, beginIndex, limit - beginIndex);
2611             TextLayout tl = new TextLayout(str, this, frc);
2612             return new Rectangle2D.Float(0, -tl.getAscent(), tl.getAdvance(),
2613                                          tl.getAscent() + tl.getDescent() +
2614                                          tl.getLeading());
2615         }
2616     }
2617 
2618    /**
2619      * Returns the logical bounds of the characters indexed in the
2620      * specified {@link CharacterIterator} in the
2621      * specified {@code FontRenderContext}.  The logical bounds
2622      * contains the origin, ascent, advance, and height, which includes
2623      * the leading.  The logical bounds does not always enclose all the
2624      * text.  For example, in some languages and in some fonts, accent
2625      * marks can be positioned above the ascent or below the descent.
2626      * To obtain a visual bounding box, which encloses all the text,
2627      * use the {@link TextLayout#getBounds() getBounds} method of
2628      * {@code TextLayout}.
2629      * <p>Note: The returned bounds is in baseline-relative coordinates
2630      * (see {@link java.awt.Font class notes}).
2631      * @param ci the specified {@code CharacterIterator}
2632      * @param beginIndex the initial offset in {@code ci}
2633      * @param limit the end offset in {@code ci}
2634      * @param frc the specified {@code FontRenderContext}
2635      * @return a {@code Rectangle2D} that is the bounding box of the
2636      * characters indexed in the specified {@code CharacterIterator}
2637      * in the specified {@code FontRenderContext}.
2638      * @see FontRenderContext
2639      * @see Font#createGlyphVector
2640      * @since 1.2
2641      * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code beginIndex} is
2642      *         less than the start index of {@code ci}, or
2643      *         {@code limit} is greater than the end index of
2644      *         {@code ci}, or {@code beginIndex} is greater
2645      *         than {@code limit}
2646      */
2647     public Rectangle2D getStringBounds(CharacterIterator ci,
2648                                     int beginIndex, int limit,
2649                                        FontRenderContext frc) {
2650         int start = ci.getBeginIndex();
2651         int end = ci.getEndIndex();
2652 
2653         if (beginIndex < start) {
2654             throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("beginIndex: " + beginIndex);
2655         }
2656         if (limit > end) {
2657             throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("limit: " + limit);
2658         }
2659         if (beginIndex > limit) {
2660             throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("range length: " +
2661                                                 (limit - beginIndex));
2662         }
2663 
2664         char[]  arr = new char[limit - beginIndex];
2665 
2666         ci.setIndex(beginIndex);
2667         for(int idx = 0; idx < arr.length; idx++) {
2668             arr[idx] = ci.current();
2669             ci.next();
2670         }
2671 
2672         return getStringBounds(arr,0,arr.length,frc);
2673     }
2674 
2675     /**
2676      * Returns the bounds for the character with the maximum
2677      * bounds as defined in the specified {@code FontRenderContext}.
2678      * <p>Note: The returned bounds is in baseline-relative coordinates
2679      * (see {@link java.awt.Font class notes}).
2680      * @param frc the specified {@code FontRenderContext}
2681      * @return a {@code Rectangle2D} that is the bounding box
2682      * for the character with the maximum bounds.
2683      */
2684     public Rectangle2D getMaxCharBounds(FontRenderContext frc) {
2685         float [] metrics = new float[4];
2686 
2687         getFont2D().getFontMetrics(this, frc, metrics);
2688 
2689         return new Rectangle2D.Float(0, -metrics[0],
2690                                 metrics[3],
2691                                 metrics[0] + metrics[1] + metrics[2]);
2692     }
2693 
2694     /**
2695      * Creates a {@link java.awt.font.GlyphVector GlyphVector} by
2696      * mapping characters to glyphs one-to-one based on the
2697      * Unicode cmap in this {@code Font}.  This method does no other
2698      * processing besides the mapping of glyphs to characters.  This
2699      * means that this method is not useful for some scripts, such
2700      * as Arabic, Hebrew, Thai, and Indic, that require reordering,
2701      * shaping, or ligature substitution.
2702      * @param frc the specified {@code FontRenderContext}
2703      * @param str the specified {@code String}
2704      * @return a new {@code GlyphVector} created with the
2705      * specified {@code String} and the specified
2706      * {@code FontRenderContext}.
2707      */
2708     public GlyphVector createGlyphVector(FontRenderContext frc, String str)
2709     {
2710         return (GlyphVector)new StandardGlyphVector(this, str, frc);
2711     }
2712 
2713     /**
2714      * Creates a {@link java.awt.font.GlyphVector GlyphVector} by
2715      * mapping characters to glyphs one-to-one based on the
2716      * Unicode cmap in this {@code Font}.  This method does no other
2717      * processing besides the mapping of glyphs to characters.  This
2718      * means that this method is not useful for some scripts, such
2719      * as Arabic, Hebrew, Thai, and Indic, that require reordering,
2720      * shaping, or ligature substitution.
2721      * @param frc the specified {@code FontRenderContext}
2722      * @param chars the specified array of characters
2723      * @return a new {@code GlyphVector} created with the
2724      * specified array of characters and the specified
2725      * {@code FontRenderContext}.
2726      */
2727     public GlyphVector createGlyphVector(FontRenderContext frc, char[] chars)
2728     {
2729         return (GlyphVector)new StandardGlyphVector(this, chars, frc);
2730     }
2731 
2732     /**
2733      * Creates a {@link java.awt.font.GlyphVector GlyphVector} by
2734      * mapping the specified characters to glyphs one-to-one based on the
2735      * Unicode cmap in this {@code Font}.  This method does no other
2736      * processing besides the mapping of glyphs to characters.  This
2737      * means that this method is not useful for some scripts, such
2738      * as Arabic, Hebrew, Thai, and Indic, that require reordering,
2739      * shaping, or ligature substitution.
2740      * @param frc the specified {@code FontRenderContext}
2741      * @param ci the specified {@code CharacterIterator}
2742      * @return a new {@code GlyphVector} created with the
2743      * specified {@code CharacterIterator} and the specified
2744      * {@code FontRenderContext}.
2745      */
2746     public GlyphVector createGlyphVector(   FontRenderContext frc,
2747                                             CharacterIterator ci)
2748     {
2749         return (GlyphVector)new StandardGlyphVector(this, ci, frc);
2750     }
2751 
2752     /**
2753      * Creates a {@link java.awt.font.GlyphVector GlyphVector} by
2754      * mapping characters to glyphs one-to-one based on the
2755      * Unicode cmap in this {@code Font}.  This method does no other
2756      * processing besides the mapping of glyphs to characters.  This
2757      * means that this method is not useful for some scripts, such
2758      * as Arabic, Hebrew, Thai, and Indic, that require reordering,
2759      * shaping, or ligature substitution.
2760      * @param frc the specified {@code FontRenderContext}
2761      * @param glyphCodes the specified integer array
2762      * @return a new {@code GlyphVector} created with the
2763      * specified integer array and the specified
2764      * {@code FontRenderContext}.
2765      */
2766     public GlyphVector createGlyphVector(   FontRenderContext frc,
2767                                             int [] glyphCodes)
2768     {
2769         return (GlyphVector)new StandardGlyphVector(this, glyphCodes, frc);
2770     }
2771 
2772     /**
2773      * Returns a new {@code GlyphVector} object, performing full
2774      * layout of the text if possible.  Full layout is required for
2775      * complex text, such as Arabic or Hindi.  Support for different
2776      * scripts depends on the font and implementation.
2777      * <p>
2778      * Layout requires bidi analysis, as performed by
2779      * {@code Bidi}, and should only be performed on text that
2780      * has a uniform direction.  The direction is indicated in the
2781      * flags parameter,by using LAYOUT_RIGHT_TO_LEFT to indicate a
2782      * right-to-left (Arabic and Hebrew) run direction, or
2783      * LAYOUT_LEFT_TO_RIGHT to indicate a left-to-right (English)
2784      * run direction.
2785      * <p>
2786      * In addition, some operations, such as Arabic shaping, require
2787      * context, so that the characters at the start and limit can have
2788      * the proper shapes.  Sometimes the data in the buffer outside
2789      * the provided range does not have valid data.  The values
2790      * LAYOUT_NO_START_CONTEXT and LAYOUT_NO_LIMIT_CONTEXT can be
2791      * added to the flags parameter to indicate that the text before
2792      * start, or after limit, respectively, should not be examined
2793      * for context.
2794      * <p>
2795      * All other values for the flags parameter are reserved.
2796      *
2797      * @param frc the specified {@code FontRenderContext}
2798      * @param text the text to layout
2799      * @param start the start of the text to use for the {@code GlyphVector}
2800      * @param limit the limit of the text to use for the {@code GlyphVector}
2801      * @param flags control flags as described above
2802      * @return a new {@code GlyphVector} representing the text between
2803      * start and limit, with glyphs chosen and positioned so as to best represent
2804      * the text
2805      * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if start or limit is
2806      * out of bounds
2807      * @see java.text.Bidi
2808      * @see #LAYOUT_LEFT_TO_RIGHT
2809      * @see #LAYOUT_RIGHT_TO_LEFT
2810      * @see #LAYOUT_NO_START_CONTEXT
2811      * @see #LAYOUT_NO_LIMIT_CONTEXT
2812      * @since 1.4
2813      */
2814     public GlyphVector layoutGlyphVector(FontRenderContext frc,
2815                                          char[] text,
2816                                          int start,
2817                                          int limit,
2818                                          int flags) {
2819 
2820         GlyphLayout gl = GlyphLayout.get(null); // !!! no custom layout engines
2821         StandardGlyphVector gv = gl.layout(this, frc, text,
2822                                            start, limit-start, flags, null);
2823         GlyphLayout.done(gl);
2824         return gv;
2825     }
2826 
2827     /**
2828      * A flag to layoutGlyphVector indicating that text is left-to-right as
2829      * determined by Bidi analysis.
2830      */
2831     public static final int LAYOUT_LEFT_TO_RIGHT = 0;
2832 
2833     /**
2834      * A flag to layoutGlyphVector indicating that text is right-to-left as
2835      * determined by Bidi analysis.
2836      */
2837     public static final int LAYOUT_RIGHT_TO_LEFT = 1;
2838 
2839     /**
2840      * A flag to layoutGlyphVector indicating that text in the char array
2841      * before the indicated start should not be examined.
2842      */
2843     public static final int LAYOUT_NO_START_CONTEXT = 2;
2844 
2845     /**
2846      * A flag to layoutGlyphVector indicating that text in the char array
2847      * after the indicated limit should not be examined.
2848      */
2849     public static final int LAYOUT_NO_LIMIT_CONTEXT = 4;
2850 
2851 
2852     private static void applyTransform(AffineTransform trans, AttributeValues values) {
2853         if (trans == null) {
2854             throw new IllegalArgumentException("transform must not be null");
2855         }
2856         values.setTransform(trans);
2857     }
2858 
2859     private static void applyStyle(int style, AttributeValues values) {
2860         // WEIGHT_BOLD, WEIGHT_REGULAR
2861         values.setWeight((style & BOLD) != 0 ? 2f : 1f);
2862         // POSTURE_OBLIQUE, POSTURE_REGULAR
2863         values.setPosture((style & ITALIC) != 0 ? .2f : 0f);
2864     }
2865 
2866     /*
2867      * Initialize JNI field and method IDs
2868      */
2869     private static native void initIDs();
2870 }