1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
8 *
9 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
10 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
11 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
12 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
13 * accompanied this code).
14 *
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
16 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
17 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
18 *
19 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
20 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
21 * questions.
22 *
23 */
24
25 // Must be at least Windows Vista or Server 2008 to use InitOnceExecuteOnce
26 #define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0600
27
28 // no precompiled headers
29 #include "jvm.h"
30 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
31 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
32 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
33 #include "code/icBuffer.hpp"
34 #include "code/vtableStubs.hpp"
35 #include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
36 #include "compiler/disassembler.hpp"
37 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
38 #include "logging/log.hpp"
39 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
40 #include "memory/filemap.hpp"
41 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
42 #include "os_share_windows.hpp"
43 #include "os_windows.inline.hpp"
44 #include "prims/jniFastGetField.hpp"
45 #include "prims/jvm_misc.hpp"
46 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
47 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
48 #include "runtime/extendedPC.hpp"
49 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
50 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.hpp"
51 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
52 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
53 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
54 #include "runtime/objectMonitor.hpp"
55 #include "runtime/orderAccess.inline.hpp"
56 #include "runtime/osThread.hpp"
57 #include "runtime/perfMemory.hpp"
58 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
59 #include "runtime/statSampler.hpp"
60 #include "runtime/stubRoutines.hpp"
61 #include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
62 #include "runtime/threadCritical.hpp"
63 #include "runtime/timer.hpp"
64 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
65 #include "semaphore_windows.hpp"
66 #include "services/attachListener.hpp"
67 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"
68 #include "services/runtimeService.hpp"
69 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
70 #include "utilities/decoder.hpp"
71 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
72 #include "utilities/events.hpp"
73 #include "utilities/growableArray.hpp"
74 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
75 #include "utilities/vmError.hpp"
76 #include "symbolengine.hpp"
77 #include "windbghelp.hpp"
78
79
80 #ifdef _DEBUG
81 #include <crtdbg.h>
82 #endif
83
84
85 #include <windows.h>
86 #include <sys/types.h>
87 #include <sys/stat.h>
88 #include <sys/timeb.h>
89 #include <objidl.h>
90 #include <shlobj.h>
91
92 #include <malloc.h>
93 #include <signal.h>
94 #include <direct.h>
95 #include <errno.h>
96 #include <fcntl.h>
97 #include <io.h>
98 #include <process.h> // For _beginthreadex(), _endthreadex()
99 #include <imagehlp.h> // For os::dll_address_to_function_name
100 // for enumerating dll libraries
101 #include <vdmdbg.h>
102 #include <psapi.h>
103
104 // for timer info max values which include all bits
105 #define ALL_64_BITS CONST64(-1)
106
107 // For DLL loading/load error detection
108 // Values of PE COFF
109 #define IMAGE_FILE_PTR_TO_SIGNATURE 0x3c
110 #define IMAGE_FILE_SIGNATURE_LENGTH 4
111
112 static HANDLE main_process;
113 static HANDLE main_thread;
114 static int main_thread_id;
115
116 static FILETIME process_creation_time;
117 static FILETIME process_exit_time;
118 static FILETIME process_user_time;
119 static FILETIME process_kernel_time;
120
121 #ifdef _M_AMD64
122 #define __CPU__ amd64
123 #else
124 #define __CPU__ i486
125 #endif
126
127 // save DLL module handle, used by GetModuleFileName
128
129 HINSTANCE vm_lib_handle;
130
131 BOOL WINAPI DllMain(HINSTANCE hinst, DWORD reason, LPVOID reserved) {
132 switch (reason) {
133 case DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH:
134 vm_lib_handle = hinst;
135 if (ForceTimeHighResolution) {
136 timeBeginPeriod(1L);
137 }
138 WindowsDbgHelp::pre_initialize();
139 SymbolEngine::pre_initialize();
140 break;
141 case DLL_PROCESS_DETACH:
142 if (ForceTimeHighResolution) {
143 timeEndPeriod(1L);
144 }
145 break;
146 default:
147 break;
148 }
149 return true;
150 }
151
152 static inline double fileTimeAsDouble(FILETIME* time) {
153 const double high = (double) ((unsigned int) ~0);
154 const double split = 10000000.0;
155 double result = (time->dwLowDateTime / split) +
156 time->dwHighDateTime * (high/split);
157 return result;
158 }
159
160 // Implementation of os
161
162 bool os::unsetenv(const char* name) {
163 assert(name != NULL, "Null pointer");
164 return (SetEnvironmentVariable(name, NULL) == TRUE);
165 }
166
167 // No setuid programs under Windows.
168 bool os::have_special_privileges() {
169 return false;
170 }
171
172
173 // This method is a periodic task to check for misbehaving JNI applications
174 // under CheckJNI, we can add any periodic checks here.
175 // For Windows at the moment does nothing
176 void os::run_periodic_checks() {
177 return;
178 }
179
180 // previous UnhandledExceptionFilter, if there is one
181 static LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER prev_uef_handler = NULL;
182
183 LONG WINAPI Handle_FLT_Exception(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo);
184
185 void os::init_system_properties_values() {
186 // sysclasspath, java_home, dll_dir
187 {
188 char *home_path;
189 char *dll_path;
190 char *pslash;
191 char *bin = "\\bin";
192 char home_dir[MAX_PATH + 1];
193 char *alt_home_dir = ::getenv("_ALT_JAVA_HOME_DIR");
194
195 if (alt_home_dir != NULL) {
196 strncpy(home_dir, alt_home_dir, MAX_PATH + 1);
197 home_dir[MAX_PATH] = '\0';
198 } else {
199 os::jvm_path(home_dir, sizeof(home_dir));
200 // Found the full path to jvm.dll.
201 // Now cut the path to <java_home>/jre if we can.
202 *(strrchr(home_dir, '\\')) = '\0'; // get rid of \jvm.dll
203 pslash = strrchr(home_dir, '\\');
204 if (pslash != NULL) {
205 *pslash = '\0'; // get rid of \{client|server}
206 pslash = strrchr(home_dir, '\\');
207 if (pslash != NULL) {
208 *pslash = '\0'; // get rid of \bin
209 }
210 }
211 }
212
213 home_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(home_dir) + 1, mtInternal);
214 if (home_path == NULL) {
215 return;
216 }
217 strcpy(home_path, home_dir);
218 Arguments::set_java_home(home_path);
219 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, home_path);
220
221 dll_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(home_dir) + strlen(bin) + 1,
222 mtInternal);
223 if (dll_path == NULL) {
224 return;
225 }
226 strcpy(dll_path, home_dir);
227 strcat(dll_path, bin);
228 Arguments::set_dll_dir(dll_path);
229 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dll_path);
230
231 if (!set_boot_path('\\', ';')) {
232 return;
233 }
234 }
235
236 // library_path
237 #define EXT_DIR "\\lib\\ext"
238 #define BIN_DIR "\\bin"
239 #define PACKAGE_DIR "\\Sun\\Java"
240 {
241 // Win32 library search order (See the documentation for LoadLibrary):
242 //
243 // 1. The directory from which application is loaded.
244 // 2. The system wide Java Extensions directory (Java only)
245 // 3. System directory (GetSystemDirectory)
246 // 4. Windows directory (GetWindowsDirectory)
247 // 5. The PATH environment variable
248 // 6. The current directory
249
250 char *library_path;
251 char tmp[MAX_PATH];
252 char *path_str = ::getenv("PATH");
253
254 library_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, MAX_PATH * 5 + sizeof(PACKAGE_DIR) +
255 sizeof(BIN_DIR) + (path_str ? strlen(path_str) : 0) + 10, mtInternal);
256
257 library_path[0] = '\0';
258
259 GetModuleFileName(NULL, tmp, sizeof(tmp));
260 *(strrchr(tmp, '\\')) = '\0';
261 strcat(library_path, tmp);
262
263 GetWindowsDirectory(tmp, sizeof(tmp));
264 strcat(library_path, ";");
265 strcat(library_path, tmp);
266 strcat(library_path, PACKAGE_DIR BIN_DIR);
267
268 GetSystemDirectory(tmp, sizeof(tmp));
269 strcat(library_path, ";");
270 strcat(library_path, tmp);
271
272 GetWindowsDirectory(tmp, sizeof(tmp));
273 strcat(library_path, ";");
274 strcat(library_path, tmp);
275
276 if (path_str) {
277 strcat(library_path, ";");
278 strcat(library_path, path_str);
279 }
280
281 strcat(library_path, ";.");
282
283 Arguments::set_library_path(library_path);
284 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, library_path);
285 }
286
287 // Default extensions directory
288 {
289 char path[MAX_PATH];
290 char buf[2 * MAX_PATH + 2 * sizeof(EXT_DIR) + sizeof(PACKAGE_DIR) + 1];
291 GetWindowsDirectory(path, MAX_PATH);
292 sprintf(buf, "%s%s;%s%s%s", Arguments::get_java_home(), EXT_DIR,
293 path, PACKAGE_DIR, EXT_DIR);
294 Arguments::set_ext_dirs(buf);
295 }
296 #undef EXT_DIR
297 #undef BIN_DIR
298 #undef PACKAGE_DIR
299
300 #ifndef _WIN64
301 // set our UnhandledExceptionFilter and save any previous one
302 prev_uef_handler = SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(Handle_FLT_Exception);
303 #endif
304
305 // Done
306 return;
307 }
308
309 void os::breakpoint() {
310 DebugBreak();
311 }
312
313 // Invoked from the BREAKPOINT Macro
314 extern "C" void breakpoint() {
315 os::breakpoint();
316 }
317
318 // RtlCaptureStackBackTrace Windows API may not exist prior to Windows XP.
319 // So far, this method is only used by Native Memory Tracking, which is
320 // only supported on Windows XP or later.
321 //
322 int os::get_native_stack(address* stack, int frames, int toSkip) {
323 int captured = RtlCaptureStackBackTrace(toSkip + 1, frames, (PVOID*)stack, NULL);
324 for (int index = captured; index < frames; index ++) {
325 stack[index] = NULL;
326 }
327 return captured;
328 }
329
330
331 // os::current_stack_base()
332 //
333 // Returns the base of the stack, which is the stack's
334 // starting address. This function must be called
335 // while running on the stack of the thread being queried.
336
337 address os::current_stack_base() {
338 MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION minfo;
339 address stack_bottom;
340 size_t stack_size;
341
342 VirtualQuery(&minfo, &minfo, sizeof(minfo));
343 stack_bottom = (address)minfo.AllocationBase;
344 stack_size = minfo.RegionSize;
345
346 // Add up the sizes of all the regions with the same
347 // AllocationBase.
348 while (1) {
349 VirtualQuery(stack_bottom+stack_size, &minfo, sizeof(minfo));
350 if (stack_bottom == (address)minfo.AllocationBase) {
351 stack_size += minfo.RegionSize;
352 } else {
353 break;
354 }
355 }
356 return stack_bottom + stack_size;
357 }
358
359 size_t os::current_stack_size() {
360 size_t sz;
361 MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION minfo;
362 VirtualQuery(&minfo, &minfo, sizeof(minfo));
363 sz = (size_t)os::current_stack_base() - (size_t)minfo.AllocationBase;
364 return sz;
365 }
366
367 struct tm* os::localtime_pd(const time_t* clock, struct tm* res) {
368 const struct tm* time_struct_ptr = localtime(clock);
369 if (time_struct_ptr != NULL) {
370 *res = *time_struct_ptr;
371 return res;
372 }
373 return NULL;
374 }
375
376 struct tm* os::gmtime_pd(const time_t* clock, struct tm* res) {
377 const struct tm* time_struct_ptr = gmtime(clock);
378 if (time_struct_ptr != NULL) {
379 *res = *time_struct_ptr;
380 return res;
381 }
382 return NULL;
383 }
384
385 LONG WINAPI topLevelExceptionFilter(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo);
386
387 // Thread start routine for all newly created threads
388 static unsigned __stdcall thread_native_entry(Thread* thread) {
389 // Try to randomize the cache line index of hot stack frames.
390 // This helps when threads of the same stack traces evict each other's
391 // cache lines. The threads can be either from the same JVM instance, or
392 // from different JVM instances. The benefit is especially true for
393 // processors with hyperthreading technology.
394 static int counter = 0;
395 int pid = os::current_process_id();
396 _alloca(((pid ^ counter++) & 7) * 128);
397
398 thread->initialize_thread_current();
399
400 OSThread* osthr = thread->osthread();
401 assert(osthr->get_state() == RUNNABLE, "invalid os thread state");
402
403 if (UseNUMA) {
404 int lgrp_id = os::numa_get_group_id();
405 if (lgrp_id != -1) {
406 thread->set_lgrp_id(lgrp_id);
407 }
408 }
409
410 // Diagnostic code to investigate JDK-6573254
411 int res = 30115; // non-java thread
412 if (thread->is_Java_thread()) {
413 res = 20115; // java thread
414 }
415
416 log_info(os, thread)("Thread is alive (tid: " UINTX_FORMAT ").", os::current_thread_id());
417
418 // Install a win32 structured exception handler around every thread created
419 // by VM, so VM can generate error dump when an exception occurred in non-
420 // Java thread (e.g. VM thread).
421 __try {
422 thread->run();
423 } __except(topLevelExceptionFilter(
424 (_EXCEPTION_POINTERS*)_exception_info())) {
425 // Nothing to do.
426 }
427
428 log_info(os, thread)("Thread finished (tid: " UINTX_FORMAT ").", os::current_thread_id());
429
430 // One less thread is executing
431 // When the VMThread gets here, the main thread may have already exited
432 // which frees the CodeHeap containing the Atomic::add code
433 if (thread != VMThread::vm_thread() && VMThread::vm_thread() != NULL) {
434 Atomic::dec(&os::win32::_os_thread_count);
435 }
436
437 // If a thread has not deleted itself ("delete this") as part of its
438 // termination sequence, we have to ensure thread-local-storage is
439 // cleared before we actually terminate. No threads should ever be
440 // deleted asynchronously with respect to their termination.
441 if (Thread::current_or_null_safe() != NULL) {
442 assert(Thread::current_or_null_safe() == thread, "current thread is wrong");
443 thread->clear_thread_current();
444 }
445
446 // Thread must not return from exit_process_or_thread(), but if it does,
447 // let it proceed to exit normally
448 return (unsigned)os::win32::exit_process_or_thread(os::win32::EPT_THREAD, res);
449 }
450
451 static OSThread* create_os_thread(Thread* thread, HANDLE thread_handle,
452 int thread_id) {
453 // Allocate the OSThread object
454 OSThread* osthread = new OSThread(NULL, NULL);
455 if (osthread == NULL) return NULL;
456
457 // Initialize support for Java interrupts
458 HANDLE interrupt_event = CreateEvent(NULL, true, false, NULL);
459 if (interrupt_event == NULL) {
460 delete osthread;
461 return NULL;
462 }
463 osthread->set_interrupt_event(interrupt_event);
464
465 // Store info on the Win32 thread into the OSThread
466 osthread->set_thread_handle(thread_handle);
467 osthread->set_thread_id(thread_id);
468
469 if (UseNUMA) {
470 int lgrp_id = os::numa_get_group_id();
471 if (lgrp_id != -1) {
472 thread->set_lgrp_id(lgrp_id);
473 }
474 }
475
476 // Initial thread state is INITIALIZED, not SUSPENDED
477 osthread->set_state(INITIALIZED);
478
479 return osthread;
480 }
481
482
483 bool os::create_attached_thread(JavaThread* thread) {
484 #ifdef ASSERT
485 thread->verify_not_published();
486 #endif
487 HANDLE thread_h;
488 if (!DuplicateHandle(main_process, GetCurrentThread(), GetCurrentProcess(),
489 &thread_h, THREAD_ALL_ACCESS, false, 0)) {
490 fatal("DuplicateHandle failed\n");
491 }
492 OSThread* osthread = create_os_thread(thread, thread_h,
493 (int)current_thread_id());
494 if (osthread == NULL) {
495 return false;
496 }
497
498 // Initial thread state is RUNNABLE
499 osthread->set_state(RUNNABLE);
500
501 thread->set_osthread(osthread);
502
503 log_info(os, thread)("Thread attached (tid: " UINTX_FORMAT ").",
504 os::current_thread_id());
505
506 return true;
507 }
508
509 bool os::create_main_thread(JavaThread* thread) {
510 #ifdef ASSERT
511 thread->verify_not_published();
512 #endif
513 if (_starting_thread == NULL) {
514 _starting_thread = create_os_thread(thread, main_thread, main_thread_id);
515 if (_starting_thread == NULL) {
516 return false;
517 }
518 }
519
520 // The primordial thread is runnable from the start)
521 _starting_thread->set_state(RUNNABLE);
522
523 thread->set_osthread(_starting_thread);
524 return true;
525 }
526
527 // Helper function to trace _beginthreadex attributes,
528 // similar to os::Posix::describe_pthread_attr()
529 static char* describe_beginthreadex_attributes(char* buf, size_t buflen,
530 size_t stacksize, unsigned initflag) {
531 stringStream ss(buf, buflen);
532 if (stacksize == 0) {
533 ss.print("stacksize: default, ");
534 } else {
535 ss.print("stacksize: " SIZE_FORMAT "k, ", stacksize / 1024);
536 }
537 ss.print("flags: ");
538 #define PRINT_FLAG(f) if (initflag & f) ss.print( #f " ");
539 #define ALL(X) \
540 X(CREATE_SUSPENDED) \
541 X(STACK_SIZE_PARAM_IS_A_RESERVATION)
542 ALL(PRINT_FLAG)
543 #undef ALL
544 #undef PRINT_FLAG
545 return buf;
546 }
547
548 // Allocate and initialize a new OSThread
549 bool os::create_thread(Thread* thread, ThreadType thr_type,
550 size_t stack_size) {
551 unsigned thread_id;
552
553 // Allocate the OSThread object
554 OSThread* osthread = new OSThread(NULL, NULL);
555 if (osthread == NULL) {
556 return false;
557 }
558
559 // Initialize support for Java interrupts
560 HANDLE interrupt_event = CreateEvent(NULL, true, false, NULL);
561 if (interrupt_event == NULL) {
562 delete osthread;
563 return NULL;
564 }
565 osthread->set_interrupt_event(interrupt_event);
566 osthread->set_interrupted(false);
567
568 thread->set_osthread(osthread);
569
570 if (stack_size == 0) {
571 switch (thr_type) {
572 case os::java_thread:
573 // Java threads use ThreadStackSize which default value can be changed with the flag -Xss
574 if (JavaThread::stack_size_at_create() > 0) {
575 stack_size = JavaThread::stack_size_at_create();
576 }
577 break;
578 case os::compiler_thread:
579 if (CompilerThreadStackSize > 0) {
580 stack_size = (size_t)(CompilerThreadStackSize * K);
581 break;
582 } // else fall through:
583 // use VMThreadStackSize if CompilerThreadStackSize is not defined
584 case os::vm_thread:
585 case os::pgc_thread:
586 case os::cgc_thread:
587 case os::watcher_thread:
588 if (VMThreadStackSize > 0) stack_size = (size_t)(VMThreadStackSize * K);
589 break;
590 }
591 }
592
593 // Create the Win32 thread
594 //
595 // Contrary to what MSDN document says, "stack_size" in _beginthreadex()
596 // does not specify stack size. Instead, it specifies the size of
597 // initially committed space. The stack size is determined by
598 // PE header in the executable. If the committed "stack_size" is larger
599 // than default value in the PE header, the stack is rounded up to the
600 // nearest multiple of 1MB. For example if the launcher has default
601 // stack size of 320k, specifying any size less than 320k does not
602 // affect the actual stack size at all, it only affects the initial
603 // commitment. On the other hand, specifying 'stack_size' larger than
604 // default value may cause significant increase in memory usage, because
605 // not only the stack space will be rounded up to MB, but also the
606 // entire space is committed upfront.
607 //
608 // Finally Windows XP added a new flag 'STACK_SIZE_PARAM_IS_A_RESERVATION'
609 // for CreateThread() that can treat 'stack_size' as stack size. However we
610 // are not supposed to call CreateThread() directly according to MSDN
611 // document because JVM uses C runtime library. The good news is that the
612 // flag appears to work with _beginthredex() as well.
613
614 const unsigned initflag = CREATE_SUSPENDED | STACK_SIZE_PARAM_IS_A_RESERVATION;
615 HANDLE thread_handle =
616 (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL,
617 (unsigned)stack_size,
618 (unsigned (__stdcall *)(void*)) thread_native_entry,
619 thread,
620 initflag,
621 &thread_id);
622
623 char buf[64];
624 if (thread_handle != NULL) {
625 log_info(os, thread)("Thread started (tid: %u, attributes: %s)",
626 thread_id, describe_beginthreadex_attributes(buf, sizeof(buf), stack_size, initflag));
627 } else {
628 log_warning(os, thread)("Failed to start thread - _beginthreadex failed (%s) for attributes: %s.",
629 os::errno_name(errno), describe_beginthreadex_attributes(buf, sizeof(buf), stack_size, initflag));
630 }
631
632 if (thread_handle == NULL) {
633 // Need to clean up stuff we've allocated so far
634 CloseHandle(osthread->interrupt_event());
635 thread->set_osthread(NULL);
636 delete osthread;
637 return NULL;
638 }
639
640 Atomic::inc(&os::win32::_os_thread_count);
641
642 // Store info on the Win32 thread into the OSThread
643 osthread->set_thread_handle(thread_handle);
644 osthread->set_thread_id(thread_id);
645
646 // Initial thread state is INITIALIZED, not SUSPENDED
647 osthread->set_state(INITIALIZED);
648
649 // The thread is returned suspended (in state INITIALIZED), and is started higher up in the call chain
650 return true;
651 }
652
653
654 // Free Win32 resources related to the OSThread
655 void os::free_thread(OSThread* osthread) {
656 assert(osthread != NULL, "osthread not set");
657
658 // We are told to free resources of the argument thread,
659 // but we can only really operate on the current thread.
660 assert(Thread::current()->osthread() == osthread,
661 "os::free_thread but not current thread");
662
663 CloseHandle(osthread->thread_handle());
664 CloseHandle(osthread->interrupt_event());
665 delete osthread;
666 }
667
668 static jlong first_filetime;
669 static jlong initial_performance_count;
670 static jlong performance_frequency;
671
672
673 jlong as_long(LARGE_INTEGER x) {
674 jlong result = 0; // initialization to avoid warning
675 set_high(&result, x.HighPart);
676 set_low(&result, x.LowPart);
677 return result;
678 }
679
680
681 jlong os::elapsed_counter() {
682 LARGE_INTEGER count;
683 QueryPerformanceCounter(&count);
684 return as_long(count) - initial_performance_count;
685 }
686
687
688 jlong os::elapsed_frequency() {
689 return performance_frequency;
690 }
691
692
693 julong os::available_memory() {
694 return win32::available_memory();
695 }
696
697 julong os::win32::available_memory() {
698 // Use GlobalMemoryStatusEx() because GlobalMemoryStatus() may return incorrect
699 // value if total memory is larger than 4GB
700 MEMORYSTATUSEX ms;
701 ms.dwLength = sizeof(ms);
702 GlobalMemoryStatusEx(&ms);
703
704 return (julong)ms.ullAvailPhys;
705 }
706
707 julong os::physical_memory() {
708 return win32::physical_memory();
709 }
710
711 bool os::has_allocatable_memory_limit(julong* limit) {
712 MEMORYSTATUSEX ms;
713 ms.dwLength = sizeof(ms);
714 GlobalMemoryStatusEx(&ms);
715 #ifdef _LP64
716 *limit = (julong)ms.ullAvailVirtual;
717 return true;
718 #else
719 // Limit to 1400m because of the 2gb address space wall
720 *limit = MIN2((julong)1400*M, (julong)ms.ullAvailVirtual);
721 return true;
722 #endif
723 }
724
725 int os::active_processor_count() {
726 DWORD_PTR lpProcessAffinityMask = 0;
727 DWORD_PTR lpSystemAffinityMask = 0;
728 int proc_count = processor_count();
729 if (proc_count <= sizeof(UINT_PTR) * BitsPerByte &&
730 GetProcessAffinityMask(GetCurrentProcess(), &lpProcessAffinityMask, &lpSystemAffinityMask)) {
731 // Nof active processors is number of bits in process affinity mask
732 int bitcount = 0;
733 while (lpProcessAffinityMask != 0) {
734 lpProcessAffinityMask = lpProcessAffinityMask & (lpProcessAffinityMask-1);
735 bitcount++;
736 }
737 return bitcount;
738 } else {
739 return proc_count;
740 }
741 }
742
743 void os::set_native_thread_name(const char *name) {
744
745 // See: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/xcb2z8hs.aspx
746 //
747 // Note that unfortunately this only works if the process
748 // is already attached to a debugger; debugger must observe
749 // the exception below to show the correct name.
750
751 // If there is no debugger attached skip raising the exception
752 if (!IsDebuggerPresent()) {
753 return;
754 }
755
756 const DWORD MS_VC_EXCEPTION = 0x406D1388;
757 struct {
758 DWORD dwType; // must be 0x1000
759 LPCSTR szName; // pointer to name (in user addr space)
760 DWORD dwThreadID; // thread ID (-1=caller thread)
761 DWORD dwFlags; // reserved for future use, must be zero
762 } info;
763
764 info.dwType = 0x1000;
765 info.szName = name;
766 info.dwThreadID = -1;
767 info.dwFlags = 0;
768
769 __try {
770 RaiseException (MS_VC_EXCEPTION, 0, sizeof(info)/sizeof(DWORD), (const ULONG_PTR*)&info );
771 } __except(EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER) {}
772 }
773
774 bool os::distribute_processes(uint length, uint* distribution) {
775 // Not yet implemented.
776 return false;
777 }
778
779 bool os::bind_to_processor(uint processor_id) {
780 // Not yet implemented.
781 return false;
782 }
783
784 void os::win32::initialize_performance_counter() {
785 LARGE_INTEGER count;
786 QueryPerformanceFrequency(&count);
787 performance_frequency = as_long(count);
788 QueryPerformanceCounter(&count);
789 initial_performance_count = as_long(count);
790 }
791
792
793 double os::elapsedTime() {
794 return (double) elapsed_counter() / (double) elapsed_frequency();
795 }
796
797
798 // Windows format:
799 // The FILETIME structure is a 64-bit value representing the number of 100-nanosecond intervals since January 1, 1601.
800 // Java format:
801 // Java standards require the number of milliseconds since 1/1/1970
802
803 // Constant offset - calculated using offset()
804 static jlong _offset = 116444736000000000;
805 // Fake time counter for reproducible results when debugging
806 static jlong fake_time = 0;
807
808 #ifdef ASSERT
809 // Just to be safe, recalculate the offset in debug mode
810 static jlong _calculated_offset = 0;
811 static int _has_calculated_offset = 0;
812
813 jlong offset() {
814 if (_has_calculated_offset) return _calculated_offset;
815 SYSTEMTIME java_origin;
816 java_origin.wYear = 1970;
817 java_origin.wMonth = 1;
818 java_origin.wDayOfWeek = 0; // ignored
819 java_origin.wDay = 1;
820 java_origin.wHour = 0;
821 java_origin.wMinute = 0;
822 java_origin.wSecond = 0;
823 java_origin.wMilliseconds = 0;
824 FILETIME jot;
825 if (!SystemTimeToFileTime(&java_origin, &jot)) {
826 fatal("Error = %d\nWindows error", GetLastError());
827 }
828 _calculated_offset = jlong_from(jot.dwHighDateTime, jot.dwLowDateTime);
829 _has_calculated_offset = 1;
830 assert(_calculated_offset == _offset, "Calculated and constant time offsets must be equal");
831 return _calculated_offset;
832 }
833 #else
834 jlong offset() {
835 return _offset;
836 }
837 #endif
838
839 jlong windows_to_java_time(FILETIME wt) {
840 jlong a = jlong_from(wt.dwHighDateTime, wt.dwLowDateTime);
841 return (a - offset()) / 10000;
842 }
843
844 // Returns time ticks in (10th of micro seconds)
845 jlong windows_to_time_ticks(FILETIME wt) {
846 jlong a = jlong_from(wt.dwHighDateTime, wt.dwLowDateTime);
847 return (a - offset());
848 }
849
850 FILETIME java_to_windows_time(jlong l) {
851 jlong a = (l * 10000) + offset();
852 FILETIME result;
853 result.dwHighDateTime = high(a);
854 result.dwLowDateTime = low(a);
855 return result;
856 }
857
858 bool os::supports_vtime() { return true; }
859 bool os::enable_vtime() { return false; }
860 bool os::vtime_enabled() { return false; }
861
862 double os::elapsedVTime() {
863 FILETIME created;
864 FILETIME exited;
865 FILETIME kernel;
866 FILETIME user;
867 if (GetThreadTimes(GetCurrentThread(), &created, &exited, &kernel, &user) != 0) {
868 // the resolution of windows_to_java_time() should be sufficient (ms)
869 return (double) (windows_to_java_time(kernel) + windows_to_java_time(user)) / MILLIUNITS;
870 } else {
871 return elapsedTime();
872 }
873 }
874
875 jlong os::javaTimeMillis() {
876 if (UseFakeTimers) {
877 return fake_time++;
878 } else {
879 FILETIME wt;
880 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&wt);
881 return windows_to_java_time(wt);
882 }
883 }
884
885 void os::javaTimeSystemUTC(jlong &seconds, jlong &nanos) {
886 FILETIME wt;
887 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&wt);
888 jlong ticks = windows_to_time_ticks(wt); // 10th of micros
889 jlong secs = jlong(ticks / 10000000); // 10000 * 1000
890 seconds = secs;
891 nanos = jlong(ticks - (secs*10000000)) * 100;
892 }
893
894 jlong os::javaTimeNanos() {
895 LARGE_INTEGER current_count;
896 QueryPerformanceCounter(¤t_count);
897 double current = as_long(current_count);
898 double freq = performance_frequency;
899 jlong time = (jlong)((current/freq) * NANOSECS_PER_SEC);
900 return time;
901 }
902
903 void os::javaTimeNanos_info(jvmtiTimerInfo *info_ptr) {
904 jlong freq = performance_frequency;
905 if (freq < NANOSECS_PER_SEC) {
906 // the performance counter is 64 bits and we will
907 // be multiplying it -- so no wrap in 64 bits
908 info_ptr->max_value = ALL_64_BITS;
909 } else if (freq > NANOSECS_PER_SEC) {
910 // use the max value the counter can reach to
911 // determine the max value which could be returned
912 julong max_counter = (julong)ALL_64_BITS;
913 info_ptr->max_value = (jlong)(max_counter / (freq / NANOSECS_PER_SEC));
914 } else {
915 // the performance counter is 64 bits and we will
916 // be using it directly -- so no wrap in 64 bits
917 info_ptr->max_value = ALL_64_BITS;
918 }
919
920 // using a counter, so no skipping
921 info_ptr->may_skip_backward = false;
922 info_ptr->may_skip_forward = false;
923
924 info_ptr->kind = JVMTI_TIMER_ELAPSED; // elapsed not CPU time
925 }
926
927 char* os::local_time_string(char *buf, size_t buflen) {
928 SYSTEMTIME st;
929 GetLocalTime(&st);
930 jio_snprintf(buf, buflen, "%d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d",
931 st.wYear, st.wMonth, st.wDay, st.wHour, st.wMinute, st.wSecond);
932 return buf;
933 }
934
935 bool os::getTimesSecs(double* process_real_time,
936 double* process_user_time,
937 double* process_system_time) {
938 HANDLE h_process = GetCurrentProcess();
939 FILETIME create_time, exit_time, kernel_time, user_time;
940 BOOL result = GetProcessTimes(h_process,
941 &create_time,
942 &exit_time,
943 &kernel_time,
944 &user_time);
945 if (result != 0) {
946 FILETIME wt;
947 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&wt);
948 jlong rtc_millis = windows_to_java_time(wt);
949 *process_real_time = ((double) rtc_millis) / ((double) MILLIUNITS);
950 *process_user_time =
951 (double) jlong_from(user_time.dwHighDateTime, user_time.dwLowDateTime) / (10 * MICROUNITS);
952 *process_system_time =
953 (double) jlong_from(kernel_time.dwHighDateTime, kernel_time.dwLowDateTime) / (10 * MICROUNITS);
954 return true;
955 } else {
956 return false;
957 }
958 }
959
960 void os::shutdown() {
961 // allow PerfMemory to attempt cleanup of any persistent resources
962 perfMemory_exit();
963
964 // flush buffered output, finish log files
965 ostream_abort();
966
967 // Check for abort hook
968 abort_hook_t abort_hook = Arguments::abort_hook();
969 if (abort_hook != NULL) {
970 abort_hook();
971 }
972 }
973
974
975 static BOOL (WINAPI *_MiniDumpWriteDump)(HANDLE, DWORD, HANDLE, MINIDUMP_TYPE,
976 PMINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION,
977 PMINIDUMP_USER_STREAM_INFORMATION,
978 PMINIDUMP_CALLBACK_INFORMATION);
979
980 static HANDLE dumpFile = NULL;
981
982 // Check if dump file can be created.
983 void os::check_dump_limit(char* buffer, size_t buffsz) {
984 bool status = true;
985 if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CreateCoredumpOnCrash) && !CreateCoredumpOnCrash) {
986 jio_snprintf(buffer, buffsz, "CreateCoredumpOnCrash is disabled from command line");
987 status = false;
988 }
989
990 #ifndef ASSERT
991 if (!os::win32::is_windows_server() && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CreateCoredumpOnCrash)) {
992 jio_snprintf(buffer, buffsz, "Minidumps are not enabled by default on client versions of Windows");
993 status = false;
994 }
995 #endif
996
997 if (status) {
998 const char* cwd = get_current_directory(NULL, 0);
999 int pid = current_process_id();
1000 if (cwd != NULL) {
1001 jio_snprintf(buffer, buffsz, "%s\\hs_err_pid%u.mdmp", cwd, pid);
1002 } else {
1003 jio_snprintf(buffer, buffsz, ".\\hs_err_pid%u.mdmp", pid);
1004 }
1005
1006 if (dumpFile == NULL &&
1007 (dumpFile = CreateFile(buffer, GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL))
1008 == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
1009 jio_snprintf(buffer, buffsz, "Failed to create minidump file (0x%x).", GetLastError());
1010 status = false;
1011 }
1012 }
1013 VMError::record_coredump_status(buffer, status);
1014 }
1015
1016 void os::abort(bool dump_core, void* siginfo, const void* context) {
1017 EXCEPTION_POINTERS ep;
1018 MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION mei;
1019 MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION* pmei;
1020
1021 HANDLE hProcess = GetCurrentProcess();
1022 DWORD processId = GetCurrentProcessId();
1023 MINIDUMP_TYPE dumpType;
1024
1025 shutdown();
1026 if (!dump_core || dumpFile == NULL) {
1027 if (dumpFile != NULL) {
1028 CloseHandle(dumpFile);
1029 }
1030 win32::exit_process_or_thread(win32::EPT_PROCESS, 1);
1031 }
1032
1033 dumpType = (MINIDUMP_TYPE)(MiniDumpWithFullMemory | MiniDumpWithHandleData |
1034 MiniDumpWithFullMemoryInfo | MiniDumpWithThreadInfo | MiniDumpWithUnloadedModules);
1035
1036 if (siginfo != NULL && context != NULL) {
1037 ep.ContextRecord = (PCONTEXT) context;
1038 ep.ExceptionRecord = (PEXCEPTION_RECORD) siginfo;
1039
1040 mei.ThreadId = GetCurrentThreadId();
1041 mei.ExceptionPointers = &ep;
1042 pmei = &mei;
1043 } else {
1044 pmei = NULL;
1045 }
1046
1047 // Older versions of dbghelp.dll (the one shipped with Win2003 for example) may not support all
1048 // the dump types we really want. If first call fails, lets fall back to just use MiniDumpWithFullMemory then.
1049 if (!WindowsDbgHelp::miniDumpWriteDump(hProcess, processId, dumpFile, dumpType, pmei, NULL, NULL) &&
1050 !WindowsDbgHelp::miniDumpWriteDump(hProcess, processId, dumpFile, (MINIDUMP_TYPE)MiniDumpWithFullMemory, pmei, NULL, NULL)) {
1051 jio_fprintf(stderr, "Call to MiniDumpWriteDump() failed (Error 0x%x)\n", GetLastError());
1052 }
1053 CloseHandle(dumpFile);
1054 win32::exit_process_or_thread(win32::EPT_PROCESS, 1);
1055 }
1056
1057 // Die immediately, no exit hook, no abort hook, no cleanup.
1058 void os::die() {
1059 win32::exit_process_or_thread(win32::EPT_PROCESS_DIE, -1);
1060 }
1061
1062 // Directory routines copied from src/win32/native/java/io/dirent_md.c
1063 // * dirent_md.c 1.15 00/02/02
1064 //
1065 // The declarations for DIR and struct dirent are in jvm_win32.h.
1066
1067 // Caller must have already run dirname through JVM_NativePath, which removes
1068 // duplicate slashes and converts all instances of '/' into '\\'.
1069
1070 DIR * os::opendir(const char *dirname) {
1071 assert(dirname != NULL, "just checking"); // hotspot change
1072 DIR *dirp = (DIR *)malloc(sizeof(DIR), mtInternal);
1073 DWORD fattr; // hotspot change
1074 char alt_dirname[4] = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
1075
1076 if (dirp == 0) {
1077 errno = ENOMEM;
1078 return 0;
1079 }
1080
1081 // Win32 accepts "\" in its POSIX stat(), but refuses to treat it
1082 // as a directory in FindFirstFile(). We detect this case here and
1083 // prepend the current drive name.
1084 //
1085 if (dirname[1] == '\0' && dirname[0] == '\\') {
1086 alt_dirname[0] = _getdrive() + 'A' - 1;
1087 alt_dirname[1] = ':';
1088 alt_dirname[2] = '\\';
1089 alt_dirname[3] = '\0';
1090 dirname = alt_dirname;
1091 }
1092
1093 dirp->path = (char *)malloc(strlen(dirname) + 5, mtInternal);
1094 if (dirp->path == 0) {
1095 free(dirp);
1096 errno = ENOMEM;
1097 return 0;
1098 }
1099 strcpy(dirp->path, dirname);
1100
1101 fattr = GetFileAttributes(dirp->path);
1102 if (fattr == 0xffffffff) {
1103 free(dirp->path);
1104 free(dirp);
1105 errno = ENOENT;
1106 return 0;
1107 } else if ((fattr & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) == 0) {
1108 free(dirp->path);
1109 free(dirp);
1110 errno = ENOTDIR;
1111 return 0;
1112 }
1113
1114 // Append "*.*", or possibly "\\*.*", to path
1115 if (dirp->path[1] == ':' &&
1116 (dirp->path[2] == '\0' ||
1117 (dirp->path[2] == '\\' && dirp->path[3] == '\0'))) {
1118 // No '\\' needed for cases like "Z:" or "Z:\"
1119 strcat(dirp->path, "*.*");
1120 } else {
1121 strcat(dirp->path, "\\*.*");
1122 }
1123
1124 dirp->handle = FindFirstFile(dirp->path, &dirp->find_data);
1125 if (dirp->handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
1126 if (GetLastError() != ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND) {
1127 free(dirp->path);
1128 free(dirp);
1129 errno = EACCES;
1130 return 0;
1131 }
1132 }
1133 return dirp;
1134 }
1135
1136 // parameter dbuf unused on Windows
1137 struct dirent * os::readdir(DIR *dirp, dirent *dbuf) {
1138 assert(dirp != NULL, "just checking"); // hotspot change
1139 if (dirp->handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
1140 return 0;
1141 }
1142
1143 strcpy(dirp->dirent.d_name, dirp->find_data.cFileName);
1144
1145 if (!FindNextFile(dirp->handle, &dirp->find_data)) {
1146 if (GetLastError() == ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE) {
1147 errno = EBADF;
1148 return 0;
1149 }
1150 FindClose(dirp->handle);
1151 dirp->handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
1152 }
1153
1154 return &dirp->dirent;
1155 }
1156
1157 int os::closedir(DIR *dirp) {
1158 assert(dirp != NULL, "just checking"); // hotspot change
1159 if (dirp->handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
1160 if (!FindClose(dirp->handle)) {
1161 errno = EBADF;
1162 return -1;
1163 }
1164 dirp->handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
1165 }
1166 free(dirp->path);
1167 free(dirp);
1168 return 0;
1169 }
1170
1171 // This must be hard coded because it's the system's temporary
1172 // directory not the java application's temp directory, ala java.io.tmpdir.
1173 const char* os::get_temp_directory() {
1174 static char path_buf[MAX_PATH];
1175 if (GetTempPath(MAX_PATH, path_buf) > 0) {
1176 return path_buf;
1177 } else {
1178 path_buf[0] = '\0';
1179 return path_buf;
1180 }
1181 }
1182
1183 // Needs to be in os specific directory because windows requires another
1184 // header file <direct.h>
1185 const char* os::get_current_directory(char *buf, size_t buflen) {
1186 int n = static_cast<int>(buflen);
1187 if (buflen > INT_MAX) n = INT_MAX;
1188 return _getcwd(buf, n);
1189 }
1190
1191 //-----------------------------------------------------------
1192 // Helper functions for fatal error handler
1193 #ifdef _WIN64
1194 // Helper routine which returns true if address in
1195 // within the NTDLL address space.
1196 //
1197 static bool _addr_in_ntdll(address addr) {
1198 HMODULE hmod;
1199 MODULEINFO minfo;
1200
1201 hmod = GetModuleHandle("NTDLL.DLL");
1202 if (hmod == NULL) return false;
1203 if (!GetModuleInformation(GetCurrentProcess(), hmod,
1204 &minfo, sizeof(MODULEINFO))) {
1205 return false;
1206 }
1207
1208 if ((addr >= minfo.lpBaseOfDll) &&
1209 (addr < (address)((uintptr_t)minfo.lpBaseOfDll + (uintptr_t)minfo.SizeOfImage))) {
1210 return true;
1211 } else {
1212 return false;
1213 }
1214 }
1215 #endif
1216
1217 struct _modinfo {
1218 address addr;
1219 char* full_path; // point to a char buffer
1220 int buflen; // size of the buffer
1221 address base_addr;
1222 };
1223
1224 static int _locate_module_by_addr(const char * mod_fname, address base_addr,
1225 address top_address, void * param) {
1226 struct _modinfo *pmod = (struct _modinfo *)param;
1227 if (!pmod) return -1;
1228
1229 if (base_addr <= pmod->addr &&
1230 top_address > pmod->addr) {
1231 // if a buffer is provided, copy path name to the buffer
1232 if (pmod->full_path) {
1233 jio_snprintf(pmod->full_path, pmod->buflen, "%s", mod_fname);
1234 }
1235 pmod->base_addr = base_addr;
1236 return 1;
1237 }
1238 return 0;
1239 }
1240
1241 bool os::dll_address_to_library_name(address addr, char* buf,
1242 int buflen, int* offset) {
1243 // buf is not optional, but offset is optional
1244 assert(buf != NULL, "sanity check");
1245
1246 // NOTE: the reason we don't use SymGetModuleInfo() is it doesn't always
1247 // return the full path to the DLL file, sometimes it returns path
1248 // to the corresponding PDB file (debug info); sometimes it only
1249 // returns partial path, which makes life painful.
1250
1251 struct _modinfo mi;
1252 mi.addr = addr;
1253 mi.full_path = buf;
1254 mi.buflen = buflen;
1255 if (get_loaded_modules_info(_locate_module_by_addr, (void *)&mi)) {
1256 // buf already contains path name
1257 if (offset) *offset = addr - mi.base_addr;
1258 return true;
1259 }
1260
1261 buf[0] = '\0';
1262 if (offset) *offset = -1;
1263 return false;
1264 }
1265
1266 bool os::dll_address_to_function_name(address addr, char *buf,
1267 int buflen, int *offset,
1268 bool demangle) {
1269 // buf is not optional, but offset is optional
1270 assert(buf != NULL, "sanity check");
1271
1272 if (Decoder::decode(addr, buf, buflen, offset, demangle)) {
1273 return true;
1274 }
1275 if (offset != NULL) *offset = -1;
1276 buf[0] = '\0';
1277 return false;
1278 }
1279
1280 // save the start and end address of jvm.dll into param[0] and param[1]
1281 static int _locate_jvm_dll(const char* mod_fname, address base_addr,
1282 address top_address, void * param) {
1283 if (!param) return -1;
1284
1285 if (base_addr <= (address)_locate_jvm_dll &&
1286 top_address > (address)_locate_jvm_dll) {
1287 ((address*)param)[0] = base_addr;
1288 ((address*)param)[1] = top_address;
1289 return 1;
1290 }
1291 return 0;
1292 }
1293
1294 address vm_lib_location[2]; // start and end address of jvm.dll
1295
1296 // check if addr is inside jvm.dll
1297 bool os::address_is_in_vm(address addr) {
1298 if (!vm_lib_location[0] || !vm_lib_location[1]) {
1299 if (!get_loaded_modules_info(_locate_jvm_dll, (void *)vm_lib_location)) {
1300 assert(false, "Can't find jvm module.");
1301 return false;
1302 }
1303 }
1304
1305 return (vm_lib_location[0] <= addr) && (addr < vm_lib_location[1]);
1306 }
1307
1308 // print module info; param is outputStream*
1309 static int _print_module(const char* fname, address base_address,
1310 address top_address, void* param) {
1311 if (!param) return -1;
1312
1313 outputStream* st = (outputStream*)param;
1314
1315 st->print(PTR_FORMAT " - " PTR_FORMAT " \t%s\n", base_address, top_address, fname);
1316 return 0;
1317 }
1318
1319 // Loads .dll/.so and
1320 // in case of error it checks if .dll/.so was built for the
1321 // same architecture as Hotspot is running on
1322 void * os::dll_load(const char *name, char *ebuf, int ebuflen) {
1323 void * result = LoadLibrary(name);
1324 if (result != NULL) {
1325 // Recalculate pdb search path if a DLL was loaded successfully.
1326 SymbolEngine::recalc_search_path();
1327 return result;
1328 }
1329
1330 DWORD errcode = GetLastError();
1331 if (errcode == ERROR_MOD_NOT_FOUND) {
1332 strncpy(ebuf, "Can't find dependent libraries", ebuflen - 1);
1333 ebuf[ebuflen - 1] = '\0';
1334 return NULL;
1335 }
1336
1337 // Parsing dll below
1338 // If we can read dll-info and find that dll was built
1339 // for an architecture other than Hotspot is running in
1340 // - then print to buffer "DLL was built for a different architecture"
1341 // else call os::lasterror to obtain system error message
1342
1343 // Read system error message into ebuf
1344 // It may or may not be overwritten below (in the for loop and just above)
1345 lasterror(ebuf, (size_t) ebuflen);
1346 ebuf[ebuflen - 1] = '\0';
1347 int fd = ::open(name, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY, 0);
1348 if (fd < 0) {
1349 return NULL;
1350 }
1351
1352 uint32_t signature_offset;
1353 uint16_t lib_arch = 0;
1354 bool failed_to_get_lib_arch =
1355 ( // Go to position 3c in the dll
1356 (os::seek_to_file_offset(fd, IMAGE_FILE_PTR_TO_SIGNATURE) < 0)
1357 ||
1358 // Read location of signature
1359 (sizeof(signature_offset) !=
1360 (os::read(fd, (void*)&signature_offset, sizeof(signature_offset))))
1361 ||
1362 // Go to COFF File Header in dll
1363 // that is located after "signature" (4 bytes long)
1364 (os::seek_to_file_offset(fd,
1365 signature_offset + IMAGE_FILE_SIGNATURE_LENGTH) < 0)
1366 ||
1367 // Read field that contains code of architecture
1368 // that dll was built for
1369 (sizeof(lib_arch) != (os::read(fd, (void*)&lib_arch, sizeof(lib_arch))))
1370 );
1371
1372 ::close(fd);
1373 if (failed_to_get_lib_arch) {
1374 // file i/o error - report os::lasterror(...) msg
1375 return NULL;
1376 }
1377
1378 typedef struct {
1379 uint16_t arch_code;
1380 char* arch_name;
1381 } arch_t;
1382
1383 static const arch_t arch_array[] = {
1384 {IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386, (char*)"IA 32"},
1385 {IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64, (char*)"AMD 64"}
1386 };
1387 #if (defined _M_AMD64)
1388 static const uint16_t running_arch = IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64;
1389 #elif (defined _M_IX86)
1390 static const uint16_t running_arch = IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386;
1391 #else
1392 #error Method os::dll_load requires that one of following \
1393 is defined :_M_AMD64 or _M_IX86
1394 #endif
1395
1396
1397 // Obtain a string for printf operation
1398 // lib_arch_str shall contain string what platform this .dll was built for
1399 // running_arch_str shall string contain what platform Hotspot was built for
1400 char *running_arch_str = NULL, *lib_arch_str = NULL;
1401 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(arch_array); i++) {
1402 if (lib_arch == arch_array[i].arch_code) {
1403 lib_arch_str = arch_array[i].arch_name;
1404 }
1405 if (running_arch == arch_array[i].arch_code) {
1406 running_arch_str = arch_array[i].arch_name;
1407 }
1408 }
1409
1410 assert(running_arch_str,
1411 "Didn't find running architecture code in arch_array");
1412
1413 // If the architecture is right
1414 // but some other error took place - report os::lasterror(...) msg
1415 if (lib_arch == running_arch) {
1416 return NULL;
1417 }
1418
1419 if (lib_arch_str != NULL) {
1420 ::_snprintf(ebuf, ebuflen - 1,
1421 "Can't load %s-bit .dll on a %s-bit platform",
1422 lib_arch_str, running_arch_str);
1423 } else {
1424 // don't know what architecture this dll was build for
1425 ::_snprintf(ebuf, ebuflen - 1,
1426 "Can't load this .dll (machine code=0x%x) on a %s-bit platform",
1427 lib_arch, running_arch_str);
1428 }
1429
1430 return NULL;
1431 }
1432
1433 void os::print_dll_info(outputStream *st) {
1434 st->print_cr("Dynamic libraries:");
1435 get_loaded_modules_info(_print_module, (void *)st);
1436 }
1437
1438 int os::get_loaded_modules_info(os::LoadedModulesCallbackFunc callback, void *param) {
1439 HANDLE hProcess;
1440
1441 # define MAX_NUM_MODULES 128
1442 HMODULE modules[MAX_NUM_MODULES];
1443 static char filename[MAX_PATH];
1444 int result = 0;
1445
1446 int pid = os::current_process_id();
1447 hProcess = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION | PROCESS_VM_READ,
1448 FALSE, pid);
1449 if (hProcess == NULL) return 0;
1450
1451 DWORD size_needed;
1452 if (!EnumProcessModules(hProcess, modules, sizeof(modules), &size_needed)) {
1453 CloseHandle(hProcess);
1454 return 0;
1455 }
1456
1457 // number of modules that are currently loaded
1458 int num_modules = size_needed / sizeof(HMODULE);
1459
1460 for (int i = 0; i < MIN2(num_modules, MAX_NUM_MODULES); i++) {
1461 // Get Full pathname:
1462 if (!GetModuleFileNameEx(hProcess, modules[i], filename, sizeof(filename))) {
1463 filename[0] = '\0';
1464 }
1465
1466 MODULEINFO modinfo;
1467 if (!GetModuleInformation(hProcess, modules[i], &modinfo, sizeof(modinfo))) {
1468 modinfo.lpBaseOfDll = NULL;
1469 modinfo.SizeOfImage = 0;
1470 }
1471
1472 // Invoke callback function
1473 result = callback(filename, (address)modinfo.lpBaseOfDll,
1474 (address)((u8)modinfo.lpBaseOfDll + (u8)modinfo.SizeOfImage), param);
1475 if (result) break;
1476 }
1477
1478 CloseHandle(hProcess);
1479 return result;
1480 }
1481
1482 bool os::get_host_name(char* buf, size_t buflen) {
1483 DWORD size = (DWORD)buflen;
1484 return (GetComputerNameEx(ComputerNameDnsHostname, buf, &size) == TRUE);
1485 }
1486
1487 void os::get_summary_os_info(char* buf, size_t buflen) {
1488 stringStream sst(buf, buflen);
1489 os::win32::print_windows_version(&sst);
1490 // chop off newline character
1491 char* nl = strchr(buf, '\n');
1492 if (nl != NULL) *nl = '\0';
1493 }
1494
1495 int os::log_vsnprintf(char* buf, size_t len, const char* fmt, va_list args) {
1496 int ret = vsnprintf(buf, len, fmt, args);
1497 // Get the correct buffer size if buf is too small
1498 if (ret < 0) {
1499 return _vscprintf(fmt, args);
1500 }
1501 return ret;
1502 }
1503
1504 static inline time_t get_mtime(const char* filename) {
1505 struct stat st;
1506 int ret = os::stat(filename, &st);
1507 assert(ret == 0, "failed to stat() file '%s': %s", filename, strerror(errno));
1508 return st.st_mtime;
1509 }
1510
1511 int os::compare_file_modified_times(const char* file1, const char* file2) {
1512 time_t t1 = get_mtime(file1);
1513 time_t t2 = get_mtime(file2);
1514 return t1 - t2;
1515 }
1516
1517 void os::print_os_info_brief(outputStream* st) {
1518 os::print_os_info(st);
1519 }
1520
1521 void os::print_os_info(outputStream* st) {
1522 #ifdef ASSERT
1523 char buffer[1024];
1524 st->print("HostName: ");
1525 if (get_host_name(buffer, sizeof(buffer))) {
1526 st->print("%s ", buffer);
1527 } else {
1528 st->print("N/A ");
1529 }
1530 #endif
1531 st->print("OS:");
1532 os::win32::print_windows_version(st);
1533 }
1534
1535 void os::win32::print_windows_version(outputStream* st) {
1536 OSVERSIONINFOEX osvi;
1537 VS_FIXEDFILEINFO *file_info;
1538 TCHAR kernel32_path[MAX_PATH];
1539 UINT len, ret;
1540
1541 // Use the GetVersionEx information to see if we're on a server or
1542 // workstation edition of Windows. Starting with Windows 8.1 we can't
1543 // trust the OS version information returned by this API.
1544 ZeroMemory(&osvi, sizeof(OSVERSIONINFOEX));
1545 osvi.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFOEX);
1546 if (!GetVersionEx((OSVERSIONINFO *)&osvi)) {
1547 st->print_cr("Call to GetVersionEx failed");
1548 return;
1549 }
1550 bool is_workstation = (osvi.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION);
1551
1552 // Get the full path to \Windows\System32\kernel32.dll and use that for
1553 // determining what version of Windows we're running on.
1554 len = MAX_PATH - (UINT)strlen("\\kernel32.dll") - 1;
1555 ret = GetSystemDirectory(kernel32_path, len);
1556 if (ret == 0 || ret > len) {
1557 st->print_cr("Call to GetSystemDirectory failed");
1558 return;
1559 }
1560 strncat(kernel32_path, "\\kernel32.dll", MAX_PATH - ret);
1561
1562 DWORD version_size = GetFileVersionInfoSize(kernel32_path, NULL);
1563 if (version_size == 0) {
1564 st->print_cr("Call to GetFileVersionInfoSize failed");
1565 return;
1566 }
1567
1568 LPTSTR version_info = (LPTSTR)os::malloc(version_size, mtInternal);
1569 if (version_info == NULL) {
1570 st->print_cr("Failed to allocate version_info");
1571 return;
1572 }
1573
1574 if (!GetFileVersionInfo(kernel32_path, NULL, version_size, version_info)) {
1575 os::free(version_info);
1576 st->print_cr("Call to GetFileVersionInfo failed");
1577 return;
1578 }
1579
1580 if (!VerQueryValue(version_info, TEXT("\\"), (LPVOID*)&file_info, &len)) {
1581 os::free(version_info);
1582 st->print_cr("Call to VerQueryValue failed");
1583 return;
1584 }
1585
1586 int major_version = HIWORD(file_info->dwProductVersionMS);
1587 int minor_version = LOWORD(file_info->dwProductVersionMS);
1588 int build_number = HIWORD(file_info->dwProductVersionLS);
1589 int build_minor = LOWORD(file_info->dwProductVersionLS);
1590 int os_vers = major_version * 1000 + minor_version;
1591 os::free(version_info);
1592
1593 st->print(" Windows ");
1594 switch (os_vers) {
1595
1596 case 6000:
1597 if (is_workstation) {
1598 st->print("Vista");
1599 } else {
1600 st->print("Server 2008");
1601 }
1602 break;
1603
1604 case 6001:
1605 if (is_workstation) {
1606 st->print("7");
1607 } else {
1608 st->print("Server 2008 R2");
1609 }
1610 break;
1611
1612 case 6002:
1613 if (is_workstation) {
1614 st->print("8");
1615 } else {
1616 st->print("Server 2012");
1617 }
1618 break;
1619
1620 case 6003:
1621 if (is_workstation) {
1622 st->print("8.1");
1623 } else {
1624 st->print("Server 2012 R2");
1625 }
1626 break;
1627
1628 case 10000:
1629 if (is_workstation) {
1630 st->print("10");
1631 } else {
1632 st->print("Server 2016");
1633 }
1634 break;
1635
1636 default:
1637 // Unrecognized windows, print out its major and minor versions
1638 st->print("%d.%d", major_version, minor_version);
1639 break;
1640 }
1641
1642 // Retrieve SYSTEM_INFO from GetNativeSystemInfo call so that we could
1643 // find out whether we are running on 64 bit processor or not
1644 SYSTEM_INFO si;
1645 ZeroMemory(&si, sizeof(SYSTEM_INFO));
1646 GetNativeSystemInfo(&si);
1647 if (si.wProcessorArchitecture == PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_AMD64) {
1648 st->print(" , 64 bit");
1649 }
1650
1651 st->print(" Build %d", build_number);
1652 st->print(" (%d.%d.%d.%d)", major_version, minor_version, build_number, build_minor);
1653 st->cr();
1654 }
1655
1656 void os::pd_print_cpu_info(outputStream* st, char* buf, size_t buflen) {
1657 // Nothing to do for now.
1658 }
1659
1660 void os::get_summary_cpu_info(char* buf, size_t buflen) {
1661 HKEY key;
1662 DWORD status = RegOpenKey(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
1663 "HARDWARE\\DESCRIPTION\\System\\CentralProcessor\\0", &key);
1664 if (status == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
1665 DWORD size = (DWORD)buflen;
1666 status = RegQueryValueEx(key, "ProcessorNameString", NULL, NULL, (byte*)buf, &size);
1667 if (status != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
1668 strncpy(buf, "## __CPU__", buflen);
1669 }
1670 RegCloseKey(key);
1671 } else {
1672 // Put generic cpu info to return
1673 strncpy(buf, "## __CPU__", buflen);
1674 }
1675 }
1676
1677 void os::print_memory_info(outputStream* st) {
1678 st->print("Memory:");
1679 st->print(" %dk page", os::vm_page_size()>>10);
1680
1681 // Use GlobalMemoryStatusEx() because GlobalMemoryStatus() may return incorrect
1682 // value if total memory is larger than 4GB
1683 MEMORYSTATUSEX ms;
1684 ms.dwLength = sizeof(ms);
1685 GlobalMemoryStatusEx(&ms);
1686
1687 st->print(", physical %uk", os::physical_memory() >> 10);
1688 st->print("(%uk free)", os::available_memory() >> 10);
1689
1690 st->print(", swap %uk", ms.ullTotalPageFile >> 10);
1691 st->print("(%uk free)", ms.ullAvailPageFile >> 10);
1692 st->cr();
1693 }
1694
1695 void os::print_siginfo(outputStream *st, const void* siginfo) {
1696 const EXCEPTION_RECORD* const er = (EXCEPTION_RECORD*)siginfo;
1697 st->print("siginfo:");
1698
1699 char tmp[64];
1700 if (os::exception_name(er->ExceptionCode, tmp, sizeof(tmp)) == NULL) {
1701 strcpy(tmp, "EXCEPTION_??");
1702 }
1703 st->print(" %s (0x%x)", tmp, er->ExceptionCode);
1704
1705 if ((er->ExceptionCode == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION ||
1706 er->ExceptionCode == EXCEPTION_IN_PAGE_ERROR) &&
1707 er->NumberParameters >= 2) {
1708 switch (er->ExceptionInformation[0]) {
1709 case 0: st->print(", reading address"); break;
1710 case 1: st->print(", writing address"); break;
1711 case 8: st->print(", data execution prevention violation at address"); break;
1712 default: st->print(", ExceptionInformation=" INTPTR_FORMAT,
1713 er->ExceptionInformation[0]);
1714 }
1715 st->print(" " INTPTR_FORMAT, er->ExceptionInformation[1]);
1716 } else {
1717 int num = er->NumberParameters;
1718 if (num > 0) {
1719 st->print(", ExceptionInformation=");
1720 for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1721 st->print(INTPTR_FORMAT " ", er->ExceptionInformation[i]);
1722 }
1723 }
1724 }
1725 st->cr();
1726 }
1727
1728 void os::print_signal_handlers(outputStream* st, char* buf, size_t buflen) {
1729 // do nothing
1730 }
1731
1732 static char saved_jvm_path[MAX_PATH] = {0};
1733
1734 // Find the full path to the current module, jvm.dll
1735 void os::jvm_path(char *buf, jint buflen) {
1736 // Error checking.
1737 if (buflen < MAX_PATH) {
1738 assert(false, "must use a large-enough buffer");
1739 buf[0] = '\0';
1740 return;
1741 }
1742 // Lazy resolve the path to current module.
1743 if (saved_jvm_path[0] != 0) {
1744 strcpy(buf, saved_jvm_path);
1745 return;
1746 }
1747
1748 buf[0] = '\0';
1749 if (Arguments::sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm()) {
1750 // Support for the java launcher's '-XXaltjvm=<path>' option. Check
1751 // for a JAVA_HOME environment variable and fix up the path so it
1752 // looks like jvm.dll is installed there (append a fake suffix
1753 // hotspot/jvm.dll).
1754 char* java_home_var = ::getenv("JAVA_HOME");
1755 if (java_home_var != NULL && java_home_var[0] != 0 &&
1756 strlen(java_home_var) < (size_t)buflen) {
1757 strncpy(buf, java_home_var, buflen);
1758
1759 // determine if this is a legacy image or modules image
1760 // modules image doesn't have "jre" subdirectory
1761 size_t len = strlen(buf);
1762 char* jrebin_p = buf + len;
1763 jio_snprintf(jrebin_p, buflen-len, "\\jre\\bin\\");
1764 if (0 != _access(buf, 0)) {
1765 jio_snprintf(jrebin_p, buflen-len, "\\bin\\");
1766 }
1767 len = strlen(buf);
1768 jio_snprintf(buf + len, buflen-len, "hotspot\\jvm.dll");
1769 }
1770 }
1771
1772 if (buf[0] == '\0') {
1773 GetModuleFileName(vm_lib_handle, buf, buflen);
1774 }
1775 strncpy(saved_jvm_path, buf, MAX_PATH);
1776 saved_jvm_path[MAX_PATH - 1] = '\0';
1777 }
1778
1779
1780 void os::print_jni_name_prefix_on(outputStream* st, int args_size) {
1781 #ifndef _WIN64
1782 st->print("_");
1783 #endif
1784 }
1785
1786
1787 void os::print_jni_name_suffix_on(outputStream* st, int args_size) {
1788 #ifndef _WIN64
1789 st->print("@%d", args_size * sizeof(int));
1790 #endif
1791 }
1792
1793 // This method is a copy of JDK's sysGetLastErrorString
1794 // from src/windows/hpi/src/system_md.c
1795
1796 size_t os::lasterror(char* buf, size_t len) {
1797 DWORD errval;
1798
1799 if ((errval = GetLastError()) != 0) {
1800 // DOS error
1801 size_t n = (size_t)FormatMessage(
1802 FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM|FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS,
1803 NULL,
1804 errval,
1805 0,
1806 buf,
1807 (DWORD)len,
1808 NULL);
1809 if (n > 3) {
1810 // Drop final '.', CR, LF
1811 if (buf[n - 1] == '\n') n--;
1812 if (buf[n - 1] == '\r') n--;
1813 if (buf[n - 1] == '.') n--;
1814 buf[n] = '\0';
1815 }
1816 return n;
1817 }
1818
1819 if (errno != 0) {
1820 // C runtime error that has no corresponding DOS error code
1821 const char* s = os::strerror(errno);
1822 size_t n = strlen(s);
1823 if (n >= len) n = len - 1;
1824 strncpy(buf, s, n);
1825 buf[n] = '\0';
1826 return n;
1827 }
1828
1829 return 0;
1830 }
1831
1832 int os::get_last_error() {
1833 DWORD error = GetLastError();
1834 if (error == 0) {
1835 error = errno;
1836 }
1837 return (int)error;
1838 }
1839
1840 WindowsSemaphore::WindowsSemaphore(uint value) {
1841 _semaphore = ::CreateSemaphore(NULL, value, LONG_MAX, NULL);
1842
1843 guarantee(_semaphore != NULL, "CreateSemaphore failed with error code: %lu", GetLastError());
1844 }
1845
1846 WindowsSemaphore::~WindowsSemaphore() {
1847 ::CloseHandle(_semaphore);
1848 }
1849
1850 void WindowsSemaphore::signal(uint count) {
1851 if (count > 0) {
1852 BOOL ret = ::ReleaseSemaphore(_semaphore, count, NULL);
1853
1854 assert(ret != 0, "ReleaseSemaphore failed with error code: %lu", GetLastError());
1855 }
1856 }
1857
1858 void WindowsSemaphore::wait() {
1859 DWORD ret = ::WaitForSingleObject(_semaphore, INFINITE);
1860 assert(ret != WAIT_FAILED, "WaitForSingleObject failed with error code: %lu", GetLastError());
1861 assert(ret == WAIT_OBJECT_0, "WaitForSingleObject failed with return value: %lu", ret);
1862 }
1863
1864 bool WindowsSemaphore::trywait() {
1865 DWORD ret = ::WaitForSingleObject(_semaphore, 0);
1866 assert(ret != WAIT_FAILED, "WaitForSingleObject failed with error code: %lu", GetLastError());
1867 return ret == WAIT_OBJECT_0;
1868 }
1869
1870 // sun.misc.Signal
1871 // NOTE that this is a workaround for an apparent kernel bug where if
1872 // a signal handler for SIGBREAK is installed then that signal handler
1873 // takes priority over the console control handler for CTRL_CLOSE_EVENT.
1874 // See bug 4416763.
1875 static void (*sigbreakHandler)(int) = NULL;
1876
1877 static void UserHandler(int sig, void *siginfo, void *context) {
1878 os::signal_notify(sig);
1879 // We need to reinstate the signal handler each time...
1880 os::signal(sig, (void*)UserHandler);
1881 }
1882
1883 void* os::user_handler() {
1884 return (void*) UserHandler;
1885 }
1886
1887 void* os::signal(int signal_number, void* handler) {
1888 if ((signal_number == SIGBREAK) && (!ReduceSignalUsage)) {
1889 void (*oldHandler)(int) = sigbreakHandler;
1890 sigbreakHandler = (void (*)(int)) handler;
1891 return (void*) oldHandler;
1892 } else {
1893 return (void*)::signal(signal_number, (void (*)(int))handler);
1894 }
1895 }
1896
1897 void os::signal_raise(int signal_number) {
1898 raise(signal_number);
1899 }
1900
1901 // The Win32 C runtime library maps all console control events other than ^C
1902 // into SIGBREAK, which makes it impossible to distinguish ^BREAK from close,
1903 // logoff, and shutdown events. We therefore install our own console handler
1904 // that raises SIGTERM for the latter cases.
1905 //
1906 static BOOL WINAPI consoleHandler(DWORD event) {
1907 switch (event) {
1908 case CTRL_C_EVENT:
1909 if (VMError::is_error_reported()) {
1910 // Ctrl-C is pressed during error reporting, likely because the error
1911 // handler fails to abort. Let VM die immediately.
1912 os::die();
1913 }
1914
1915 os::signal_raise(SIGINT);
1916 return TRUE;
1917 break;
1918 case CTRL_BREAK_EVENT:
1919 if (sigbreakHandler != NULL) {
1920 (*sigbreakHandler)(SIGBREAK);
1921 }
1922 return TRUE;
1923 break;
1924 case CTRL_LOGOFF_EVENT: {
1925 // Don't terminate JVM if it is running in a non-interactive session,
1926 // such as a service process.
1927 USEROBJECTFLAGS flags;
1928 HANDLE handle = GetProcessWindowStation();
1929 if (handle != NULL &&
1930 GetUserObjectInformation(handle, UOI_FLAGS, &flags,
1931 sizeof(USEROBJECTFLAGS), NULL)) {
1932 // If it is a non-interactive session, let next handler to deal
1933 // with it.
1934 if ((flags.dwFlags & WSF_VISIBLE) == 0) {
1935 return FALSE;
1936 }
1937 }
1938 }
1939 case CTRL_CLOSE_EVENT:
1940 case CTRL_SHUTDOWN_EVENT:
1941 os::signal_raise(SIGTERM);
1942 return TRUE;
1943 break;
1944 default:
1945 break;
1946 }
1947 return FALSE;
1948 }
1949
1950 // The following code is moved from os.cpp for making this
1951 // code platform specific, which it is by its very nature.
1952
1953 // Return maximum OS signal used + 1 for internal use only
1954 // Used as exit signal for signal_thread
1955 int os::sigexitnum_pd() {
1956 return NSIG;
1957 }
1958
1959 // a counter for each possible signal value, including signal_thread exit signal
1960 static volatile jint pending_signals[NSIG+1] = { 0 };
1961 static HANDLE sig_sem = NULL;
1962
1963 void os::signal_init_pd() {
1964 // Initialize signal structures
1965 memset((void*)pending_signals, 0, sizeof(pending_signals));
1966
1967 sig_sem = ::CreateSemaphore(NULL, 0, NSIG+1, NULL);
1968
1969 // Programs embedding the VM do not want it to attempt to receive
1970 // events like CTRL_LOGOFF_EVENT, which are used to implement the
1971 // shutdown hooks mechanism introduced in 1.3. For example, when
1972 // the VM is run as part of a Windows NT service (i.e., a servlet
1973 // engine in a web server), the correct behavior is for any console
1974 // control handler to return FALSE, not TRUE, because the OS's
1975 // "final" handler for such events allows the process to continue if
1976 // it is a service (while terminating it if it is not a service).
1977 // To make this behavior uniform and the mechanism simpler, we
1978 // completely disable the VM's usage of these console events if -Xrs
1979 // (=ReduceSignalUsage) is specified. This means, for example, that
1980 // the CTRL-BREAK thread dump mechanism is also disabled in this
1981 // case. See bugs 4323062, 4345157, and related bugs.
1982
1983 if (!ReduceSignalUsage) {
1984 // Add a CTRL-C handler
1985 SetConsoleCtrlHandler(consoleHandler, TRUE);
1986 }
1987 }
1988
1989 void os::signal_notify(int signal_number) {
1990 BOOL ret;
1991 if (sig_sem != NULL) {
1992 Atomic::inc(&pending_signals[signal_number]);
1993 ret = ::ReleaseSemaphore(sig_sem, 1, NULL);
1994 assert(ret != 0, "ReleaseSemaphore() failed");
1995 }
1996 }
1997
1998 static int check_pending_signals(bool wait_for_signal) {
1999 DWORD ret;
2000 while (true) {
2001 for (int i = 0; i < NSIG + 1; i++) {
2002 jint n = pending_signals[i];
2003 if (n > 0 && n == Atomic::cmpxchg(n - 1, &pending_signals[i], n)) {
2004 return i;
2005 }
2006 }
2007 if (!wait_for_signal) {
2008 return -1;
2009 }
2010
2011 JavaThread *thread = JavaThread::current();
2012
2013 ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(thread);
2014
2015 bool threadIsSuspended;
2016 do {
2017 thread->set_suspend_equivalent();
2018 // cleared by handle_special_suspend_equivalent_condition() or java_suspend_self()
2019 ret = ::WaitForSingleObject(sig_sem, INFINITE);
2020 assert(ret == WAIT_OBJECT_0, "WaitForSingleObject() failed");
2021
2022 // were we externally suspended while we were waiting?
2023 threadIsSuspended = thread->handle_special_suspend_equivalent_condition();
2024 if (threadIsSuspended) {
2025 // The semaphore has been incremented, but while we were waiting
2026 // another thread suspended us. We don't want to continue running
2027 // while suspended because that would surprise the thread that
2028 // suspended us.
2029 ret = ::ReleaseSemaphore(sig_sem, 1, NULL);
2030 assert(ret != 0, "ReleaseSemaphore() failed");
2031
2032 thread->java_suspend_self();
2033 }
2034 } while (threadIsSuspended);
2035 }
2036 }
2037
2038 int os::signal_lookup() {
2039 return check_pending_signals(false);
2040 }
2041
2042 int os::signal_wait() {
2043 return check_pending_signals(true);
2044 }
2045
2046 // Implicit OS exception handling
2047
2048 LONG Handle_Exception(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo,
2049 address handler) {
2050 JavaThread* thread = (JavaThread*) Thread::current_or_null();
2051 // Save pc in thread
2052 #ifdef _M_AMD64
2053 // Do not blow up if no thread info available.
2054 if (thread) {
2055 thread->set_saved_exception_pc((address)(DWORD_PTR)exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Rip);
2056 }
2057 // Set pc to handler
2058 exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Rip = (DWORD64)handler;
2059 #else
2060 // Do not blow up if no thread info available.
2061 if (thread) {
2062 thread->set_saved_exception_pc((address)(DWORD_PTR)exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Eip);
2063 }
2064 // Set pc to handler
2065 exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Eip = (DWORD)(DWORD_PTR)handler;
2066 #endif
2067
2068 // Continue the execution
2069 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
2070 }
2071
2072
2073 // Used for PostMortemDump
2074 extern "C" void safepoints();
2075 extern "C" void find(int x);
2076 extern "C" void events();
2077
2078 // According to Windows API documentation, an illegal instruction sequence should generate
2079 // the 0xC000001C exception code. However, real world experience shows that occasionnaly
2080 // the execution of an illegal instruction can generate the exception code 0xC000001E. This
2081 // seems to be an undocumented feature of Win NT 4.0 (and probably other Windows systems).
2082
2083 #define EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION_2 0xC000001E
2084
2085 // From "Execution Protection in the Windows Operating System" draft 0.35
2086 // Once a system header becomes available, the "real" define should be
2087 // included or copied here.
2088 #define EXCEPTION_INFO_EXEC_VIOLATION 0x08
2089
2090 // Windows Vista/2008 heap corruption check
2091 #define EXCEPTION_HEAP_CORRUPTION 0xC0000374
2092
2093 // All Visual C++ exceptions thrown from code generated by the Microsoft Visual
2094 // C++ compiler contain this error code. Because this is a compiler-generated
2095 // error, the code is not listed in the Win32 API header files.
2096 // The code is actually a cryptic mnemonic device, with the initial "E"
2097 // standing for "exception" and the final 3 bytes (0x6D7363) representing the
2098 // ASCII values of "msc".
2099
2100 #define EXCEPTION_UNCAUGHT_CXX_EXCEPTION 0xE06D7363
2101
2102 #define def_excpt(val) { #val, (val) }
2103
2104 static const struct { char* name; uint number; } exceptlabels[] = {
2105 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION),
2106 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_DATATYPE_MISALIGNMENT),
2107 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT),
2108 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_SINGLE_STEP),
2109 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_ARRAY_BOUNDS_EXCEEDED),
2110 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_FLT_DENORMAL_OPERAND),
2111 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_FLT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO),
2112 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_FLT_INEXACT_RESULT),
2113 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_FLT_INVALID_OPERATION),
2114 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_FLT_OVERFLOW),
2115 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_FLT_STACK_CHECK),
2116 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_FLT_UNDERFLOW),
2117 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO),
2118 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_INT_OVERFLOW),
2119 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_PRIV_INSTRUCTION),
2120 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_IN_PAGE_ERROR),
2121 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION),
2122 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_ILLEGAL_INSTRUCTION_2),
2123 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_NONCONTINUABLE_EXCEPTION),
2124 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW),
2125 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_INVALID_DISPOSITION),
2126 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_GUARD_PAGE),
2127 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_INVALID_HANDLE),
2128 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_UNCAUGHT_CXX_EXCEPTION),
2129 def_excpt(EXCEPTION_HEAP_CORRUPTION)
2130 };
2131
2132 #undef def_excpt
2133
2134 const char* os::exception_name(int exception_code, char *buf, size_t size) {
2135 uint code = static_cast<uint>(exception_code);
2136 for (uint i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(exceptlabels); ++i) {
2137 if (exceptlabels[i].number == code) {
2138 jio_snprintf(buf, size, "%s", exceptlabels[i].name);
2139 return buf;
2140 }
2141 }
2142
2143 return NULL;
2144 }
2145
2146 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2147 LONG Handle_IDiv_Exception(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo) {
2148 // handle exception caused by idiv; should only happen for -MinInt/-1
2149 // (division by zero is handled explicitly)
2150 #ifdef _M_AMD64
2151 PCONTEXT ctx = exceptionInfo->ContextRecord;
2152 address pc = (address)ctx->Rip;
2153 assert(pc[0] >= Assembler::REX && pc[0] <= Assembler::REX_WRXB && pc[1] == 0xF7 || pc[0] == 0xF7, "not an idiv opcode");
2154 assert(pc[0] >= Assembler::REX && pc[0] <= Assembler::REX_WRXB && (pc[2] & ~0x7) == 0xF8 || (pc[1] & ~0x7) == 0xF8, "cannot handle non-register operands");
2155 if (pc[0] == 0xF7) {
2156 // set correct result values and continue after idiv instruction
2157 ctx->Rip = (DWORD64)pc + 2; // idiv reg, reg is 2 bytes
2158 } else {
2159 ctx->Rip = (DWORD64)pc + 3; // REX idiv reg, reg is 3 bytes
2160 }
2161 // Do not set ctx->Rax as it already contains the correct value (either 32 or 64 bit, depending on the operation)
2162 // this is the case because the exception only happens for -MinValue/-1 and -MinValue is always in rax because of the
2163 // idiv opcode (0xF7).
2164 ctx->Rdx = (DWORD)0; // remainder
2165 // Continue the execution
2166 #else
2167 PCONTEXT ctx = exceptionInfo->ContextRecord;
2168 address pc = (address)ctx->Eip;
2169 assert(pc[0] == 0xF7, "not an idiv opcode");
2170 assert((pc[1] & ~0x7) == 0xF8, "cannot handle non-register operands");
2171 assert(ctx->Eax == min_jint, "unexpected idiv exception");
2172 // set correct result values and continue after idiv instruction
2173 ctx->Eip = (DWORD)pc + 2; // idiv reg, reg is 2 bytes
2174 ctx->Eax = (DWORD)min_jint; // result
2175 ctx->Edx = (DWORD)0; // remainder
2176 // Continue the execution
2177 #endif
2178 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
2179 }
2180
2181 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2182 LONG WINAPI Handle_FLT_Exception(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo) {
2183 PCONTEXT ctx = exceptionInfo->ContextRecord;
2184 #ifndef _WIN64
2185 // handle exception caused by native method modifying control word
2186 DWORD exception_code = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode;
2187
2188 switch (exception_code) {
2189 case EXCEPTION_FLT_DENORMAL_OPERAND:
2190 case EXCEPTION_FLT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO:
2191 case EXCEPTION_FLT_INEXACT_RESULT:
2192 case EXCEPTION_FLT_INVALID_OPERATION:
2193 case EXCEPTION_FLT_OVERFLOW:
2194 case EXCEPTION_FLT_STACK_CHECK:
2195 case EXCEPTION_FLT_UNDERFLOW:
2196 jint fp_control_word = (* (jint*) StubRoutines::addr_fpu_cntrl_wrd_std());
2197 if (fp_control_word != ctx->FloatSave.ControlWord) {
2198 // Restore FPCW and mask out FLT exceptions
2199 ctx->FloatSave.ControlWord = fp_control_word | 0xffffffc0;
2200 // Mask out pending FLT exceptions
2201 ctx->FloatSave.StatusWord &= 0xffffff00;
2202 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
2203 }
2204 }
2205
2206 if (prev_uef_handler != NULL) {
2207 // We didn't handle this exception so pass it to the previous
2208 // UnhandledExceptionFilter.
2209 return (prev_uef_handler)(exceptionInfo);
2210 }
2211 #else // !_WIN64
2212 // On Windows, the mxcsr control bits are non-volatile across calls
2213 // See also CR 6192333
2214 //
2215 jint MxCsr = INITIAL_MXCSR;
2216 // we can't use StubRoutines::addr_mxcsr_std()
2217 // because in Win64 mxcsr is not saved there
2218 if (MxCsr != ctx->MxCsr) {
2219 ctx->MxCsr = MxCsr;
2220 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
2221 }
2222 #endif // !_WIN64
2223
2224 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
2225 }
2226
2227 static inline void report_error(Thread* t, DWORD exception_code,
2228 address addr, void* siginfo, void* context) {
2229 VMError::report_and_die(t, exception_code, addr, siginfo, context);
2230
2231 // If UseOsErrorReporting, this will return here and save the error file
2232 // somewhere where we can find it in the minidump.
2233 }
2234
2235 bool os::win32::get_frame_at_stack_banging_point(JavaThread* thread,
2236 struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo, address pc, frame* fr) {
2237 PEXCEPTION_RECORD exceptionRecord = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord;
2238 address addr = (address) exceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1];
2239 if (Interpreter::contains(pc)) {
2240 *fr = os::fetch_frame_from_context((void*)exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
2241 if (!fr->is_first_java_frame()) {
2242 // get_frame_at_stack_banging_point() is only called when we
2243 // have well defined stacks so java_sender() calls do not need
2244 // to assert safe_for_sender() first.
2245 *fr = fr->java_sender();
2246 }
2247 } else {
2248 // more complex code with compiled code
2249 assert(!Interpreter::contains(pc), "Interpreted methods should have been handled above");
2250 CodeBlob* cb = CodeCache::find_blob(pc);
2251 if (cb == NULL || !cb->is_nmethod() || cb->is_frame_complete_at(pc)) {
2252 // Not sure where the pc points to, fallback to default
2253 // stack overflow handling
2254 return false;
2255 } else {
2256 *fr = os::fetch_frame_from_context((void*)exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
2257 // in compiled code, the stack banging is performed just after the return pc
2258 // has been pushed on the stack
2259 *fr = frame(fr->sp() + 1, fr->fp(), (address)*(fr->sp()));
2260 if (!fr->is_java_frame()) {
2261 // See java_sender() comment above.
2262 *fr = fr->java_sender();
2263 }
2264 }
2265 }
2266 assert(fr->is_java_frame(), "Safety check");
2267 return true;
2268 }
2269
2270 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2271 LONG WINAPI topLevelExceptionFilter(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo) {
2272 if (InterceptOSException) return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
2273 DWORD exception_code = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode;
2274 #ifdef _M_AMD64
2275 address pc = (address) exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Rip;
2276 #else
2277 address pc = (address) exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Eip;
2278 #endif
2279 Thread* t = Thread::current_or_null_safe();
2280
2281 // Handle SafeFetch32 and SafeFetchN exceptions.
2282 if (StubRoutines::is_safefetch_fault(pc)) {
2283 return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo, StubRoutines::continuation_for_safefetch_fault(pc));
2284 }
2285
2286 #ifndef _WIN64
2287 // Execution protection violation - win32 running on AMD64 only
2288 // Handled first to avoid misdiagnosis as a "normal" access violation;
2289 // This is safe to do because we have a new/unique ExceptionInformation
2290 // code for this condition.
2291 if (exception_code == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) {
2292 PEXCEPTION_RECORD exceptionRecord = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord;
2293 int exception_subcode = (int) exceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[0];
2294 address addr = (address) exceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1];
2295
2296 if (exception_subcode == EXCEPTION_INFO_EXEC_VIOLATION) {
2297 int page_size = os::vm_page_size();
2298
2299 // Make sure the pc and the faulting address are sane.
2300 //
2301 // If an instruction spans a page boundary, and the page containing
2302 // the beginning of the instruction is executable but the following
2303 // page is not, the pc and the faulting address might be slightly
2304 // different - we still want to unguard the 2nd page in this case.
2305 //
2306 // 15 bytes seems to be a (very) safe value for max instruction size.
2307 bool pc_is_near_addr =
2308 (pointer_delta((void*) addr, (void*) pc, sizeof(char)) < 15);
2309 bool instr_spans_page_boundary =
2310 (align_down((intptr_t) pc ^ (intptr_t) addr,
2311 (intptr_t) page_size) > 0);
2312
2313 if (pc == addr || (pc_is_near_addr && instr_spans_page_boundary)) {
2314 static volatile address last_addr =
2315 (address) os::non_memory_address_word();
2316
2317 // In conservative mode, don't unguard unless the address is in the VM
2318 if (UnguardOnExecutionViolation > 0 && addr != last_addr &&
2319 (UnguardOnExecutionViolation > 1 || os::address_is_in_vm(addr))) {
2320
2321 // Set memory to RWX and retry
2322 address page_start = align_down(addr, page_size);
2323 bool res = os::protect_memory((char*) page_start, page_size,
2324 os::MEM_PROT_RWX);
2325
2326 log_debug(os)("Execution protection violation "
2327 "at " INTPTR_FORMAT
2328 ", unguarding " INTPTR_FORMAT ": %s", p2i(addr),
2329 p2i(page_start), (res ? "success" : os::strerror(errno)));
2330
2331 // Set last_addr so if we fault again at the same address, we don't
2332 // end up in an endless loop.
2333 //
2334 // There are two potential complications here. Two threads trapping
2335 // at the same address at the same time could cause one of the
2336 // threads to think it already unguarded, and abort the VM. Likely
2337 // very rare.
2338 //
2339 // The other race involves two threads alternately trapping at
2340 // different addresses and failing to unguard the page, resulting in
2341 // an endless loop. This condition is probably even more unlikely
2342 // than the first.
2343 //
2344 // Although both cases could be avoided by using locks or thread
2345 // local last_addr, these solutions are unnecessary complication:
2346 // this handler is a best-effort safety net, not a complete solution.
2347 // It is disabled by default and should only be used as a workaround
2348 // in case we missed any no-execute-unsafe VM code.
2349
2350 last_addr = addr;
2351
2352 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
2353 }
2354 }
2355
2356 // Last unguard failed or not unguarding
2357 tty->print_raw_cr("Execution protection violation");
2358 report_error(t, exception_code, addr, exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord,
2359 exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
2360 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
2361 }
2362 }
2363 #endif // _WIN64
2364
2365 // Check to see if we caught the safepoint code in the
2366 // process of write protecting the memory serialization page.
2367 // It write enables the page immediately after protecting it
2368 // so just return.
2369 if (exception_code == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) {
2370 if (t != NULL && t->is_Java_thread()) {
2371 JavaThread* thread = (JavaThread*) t;
2372 PEXCEPTION_RECORD exceptionRecord = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord;
2373 address addr = (address) exceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1];
2374 if (os::is_memory_serialize_page(thread, addr)) {
2375 // Block current thread until the memory serialize page permission restored.
2376 os::block_on_serialize_page_trap();
2377 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
2378 }
2379 }
2380 }
2381
2382 if ((exception_code == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) &&
2383 VM_Version::is_cpuinfo_segv_addr(pc)) {
2384 // Verify that OS save/restore AVX registers.
2385 return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo, VM_Version::cpuinfo_cont_addr());
2386 }
2387
2388 if (t != NULL && t->is_Java_thread()) {
2389 JavaThread* thread = (JavaThread*) t;
2390 bool in_java = thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_Java;
2391
2392 // Handle potential stack overflows up front.
2393 if (exception_code == EXCEPTION_STACK_OVERFLOW) {
2394 if (thread->stack_guards_enabled()) {
2395 if (in_java) {
2396 frame fr;
2397 PEXCEPTION_RECORD exceptionRecord = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord;
2398 address addr = (address) exceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1];
2399 if (os::win32::get_frame_at_stack_banging_point(thread, exceptionInfo, pc, &fr)) {
2400 assert(fr.is_java_frame(), "Must be a Java frame");
2401 SharedRuntime::look_for_reserved_stack_annotated_method(thread, fr);
2402 }
2403 }
2404 // Yellow zone violation. The o/s has unprotected the first yellow
2405 // zone page for us. Note: must call disable_stack_yellow_zone to
2406 // update the enabled status, even if the zone contains only one page.
2407 assert(thread->thread_state() != _thread_in_vm, "Undersized StackShadowPages");
2408 thread->disable_stack_yellow_reserved_zone();
2409 // If not in java code, return and hope for the best.
2410 return in_java
2411 ? Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo, SharedRuntime::continuation_for_implicit_exception(thread, pc, SharedRuntime::STACK_OVERFLOW))
2412 : EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
2413 } else {
2414 // Fatal red zone violation.
2415 thread->disable_stack_red_zone();
2416 tty->print_raw_cr("An unrecoverable stack overflow has occurred.");
2417 report_error(t, exception_code, pc, exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord,
2418 exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
2419 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
2420 }
2421 } else if (exception_code == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) {
2422 // Either stack overflow or null pointer exception.
2423 if (in_java) {
2424 PEXCEPTION_RECORD exceptionRecord = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord;
2425 address addr = (address) exceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1];
2426 address stack_end = thread->stack_end();
2427 if (addr < stack_end && addr >= stack_end - os::vm_page_size()) {
2428 // Stack overflow.
2429 assert(!os::uses_stack_guard_pages(),
2430 "should be caught by red zone code above.");
2431 return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo,
2432 SharedRuntime::continuation_for_implicit_exception(thread, pc, SharedRuntime::STACK_OVERFLOW));
2433 }
2434 // Check for safepoint polling and implicit null
2435 // We only expect null pointers in the stubs (vtable)
2436 // the rest are checked explicitly now.
2437 CodeBlob* cb = CodeCache::find_blob(pc);
2438 if (cb != NULL) {
2439 if (os::is_poll_address(addr)) {
2440 address stub = SharedRuntime::get_poll_stub(pc);
2441 return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo, stub);
2442 }
2443 }
2444 {
2445 #ifdef _WIN64
2446 // If it's a legal stack address map the entire region in
2447 //
2448 PEXCEPTION_RECORD exceptionRecord = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord;
2449 address addr = (address) exceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1];
2450 if (addr > thread->stack_reserved_zone_base() && addr < thread->stack_base()) {
2451 addr = (address)((uintptr_t)addr &
2452 (~((uintptr_t)os::vm_page_size() - (uintptr_t)1)));
2453 os::commit_memory((char *)addr, thread->stack_base() - addr,
2454 !ExecMem);
2455 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
2456 } else
2457 #endif
2458 {
2459 // Null pointer exception.
2460 if (!MacroAssembler::needs_explicit_null_check((intptr_t)addr)) {
2461 address stub = SharedRuntime::continuation_for_implicit_exception(thread, pc, SharedRuntime::IMPLICIT_NULL);
2462 if (stub != NULL) return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo, stub);
2463 }
2464 report_error(t, exception_code, pc, exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord,
2465 exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
2466 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
2467 }
2468 }
2469 }
2470
2471 #ifdef _WIN64
2472 // Special care for fast JNI field accessors.
2473 // jni_fast_Get<Primitive>Field can trap at certain pc's if a GC kicks
2474 // in and the heap gets shrunk before the field access.
2475 if (exception_code == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) {
2476 address addr = JNI_FastGetField::find_slowcase_pc(pc);
2477 if (addr != (address)-1) {
2478 return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo, addr);
2479 }
2480 }
2481 #endif
2482
2483 // Stack overflow or null pointer exception in native code.
2484 report_error(t, exception_code, pc, exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord,
2485 exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
2486 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
2487 } // /EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION
2488 // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
2489
2490 if (exception_code == EXCEPTION_IN_PAGE_ERROR) {
2491 CompiledMethod* nm = NULL;
2492 JavaThread* thread = (JavaThread*)t;
2493 if (in_java) {
2494 CodeBlob* cb = CodeCache::find_blob_unsafe(pc);
2495 nm = (cb != NULL) ? cb->as_compiled_method_or_null() : NULL;
2496 }
2497 if ((thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_vm &&
2498 thread->doing_unsafe_access()) ||
2499 (nm != NULL && nm->has_unsafe_access())) {
2500 return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo, SharedRuntime::handle_unsafe_access(thread, (address)Assembler::locate_next_instruction(pc)));
2501 }
2502 }
2503
2504 if (in_java) {
2505 switch (exception_code) {
2506 case EXCEPTION_INT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO:
2507 return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo, SharedRuntime::continuation_for_implicit_exception(thread, pc, SharedRuntime::IMPLICIT_DIVIDE_BY_ZERO));
2508
2509 case EXCEPTION_INT_OVERFLOW:
2510 return Handle_IDiv_Exception(exceptionInfo);
2511
2512 } // switch
2513 }
2514 if (((thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_Java) ||
2515 (thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_native)) &&
2516 exception_code != EXCEPTION_UNCAUGHT_CXX_EXCEPTION) {
2517 LONG result=Handle_FLT_Exception(exceptionInfo);
2518 if (result==EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION) return result;
2519 }
2520 }
2521
2522 if (exception_code != EXCEPTION_BREAKPOINT) {
2523 report_error(t, exception_code, pc, exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord,
2524 exceptionInfo->ContextRecord);
2525 }
2526 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
2527 }
2528
2529 #ifndef _WIN64
2530 // Special care for fast JNI accessors.
2531 // jni_fast_Get<Primitive>Field can trap at certain pc's if a GC kicks in and
2532 // the heap gets shrunk before the field access.
2533 // Need to install our own structured exception handler since native code may
2534 // install its own.
2535 LONG WINAPI fastJNIAccessorExceptionFilter(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* exceptionInfo) {
2536 DWORD exception_code = exceptionInfo->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode;
2537 if (exception_code == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) {
2538 address pc = (address) exceptionInfo->ContextRecord->Eip;
2539 address addr = JNI_FastGetField::find_slowcase_pc(pc);
2540 if (addr != (address)-1) {
2541 return Handle_Exception(exceptionInfo, addr);
2542 }
2543 }
2544 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
2545 }
2546
2547 #define DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(Return, Fieldname, Result) \
2548 Return JNICALL jni_fast_Get##Result##Field_wrapper(JNIEnv *env, \
2549 jobject obj, \
2550 jfieldID fieldID) { \
2551 __try { \
2552 return (*JNI_FastGetField::jni_fast_Get##Result##Field_fp)(env, \
2553 obj, \
2554 fieldID); \
2555 } __except(fastJNIAccessorExceptionFilter((_EXCEPTION_POINTERS*) \
2556 _exception_info())) { \
2557 } \
2558 return 0; \
2559 }
2560
2561 DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(jboolean, bool, Boolean)
2562 DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(jbyte, byte, Byte)
2563 DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(jchar, char, Char)
2564 DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(jshort, short, Short)
2565 DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(jint, int, Int)
2566 DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(jlong, long, Long)
2567 DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(jfloat, float, Float)
2568 DEFINE_FAST_GETFIELD(jdouble, double, Double)
2569
2570 address os::win32::fast_jni_accessor_wrapper(BasicType type) {
2571 switch (type) {
2572 case T_BOOLEAN: return (address)jni_fast_GetBooleanField_wrapper;
2573 case T_BYTE: return (address)jni_fast_GetByteField_wrapper;
2574 case T_CHAR: return (address)jni_fast_GetCharField_wrapper;
2575 case T_SHORT: return (address)jni_fast_GetShortField_wrapper;
2576 case T_INT: return (address)jni_fast_GetIntField_wrapper;
2577 case T_LONG: return (address)jni_fast_GetLongField_wrapper;
2578 case T_FLOAT: return (address)jni_fast_GetFloatField_wrapper;
2579 case T_DOUBLE: return (address)jni_fast_GetDoubleField_wrapper;
2580 default: ShouldNotReachHere();
2581 }
2582 return (address)-1;
2583 }
2584 #endif
2585
2586 // Virtual Memory
2587
2588 int os::vm_page_size() { return os::win32::vm_page_size(); }
2589 int os::vm_allocation_granularity() {
2590 return os::win32::vm_allocation_granularity();
2591 }
2592
2593 // Windows large page support is available on Windows 2003. In order to use
2594 // large page memory, the administrator must first assign additional privilege
2595 // to the user:
2596 // + select Control Panel -> Administrative Tools -> Local Security Policy
2597 // + select Local Policies -> User Rights Assignment
2598 // + double click "Lock pages in memory", add users and/or groups
2599 // + reboot
2600 // Note the above steps are needed for administrator as well, as administrators
2601 // by default do not have the privilege to lock pages in memory.
2602 //
2603 // Note about Windows 2003: although the API supports committing large page
2604 // memory on a page-by-page basis and VirtualAlloc() returns success under this
2605 // scenario, I found through experiment it only uses large page if the entire
2606 // memory region is reserved and committed in a single VirtualAlloc() call.
2607 // This makes Windows large page support more or less like Solaris ISM, in
2608 // that the entire heap must be committed upfront. This probably will change
2609 // in the future, if so the code below needs to be revisited.
2610
2611 #ifndef MEM_LARGE_PAGES
2612 #define MEM_LARGE_PAGES 0x20000000
2613 #endif
2614
2615 static HANDLE _hProcess;
2616 static HANDLE _hToken;
2617
2618 // Container for NUMA node list info
2619 class NUMANodeListHolder {
2620 private:
2621 int *_numa_used_node_list; // allocated below
2622 int _numa_used_node_count;
2623
2624 void free_node_list() {
2625 if (_numa_used_node_list != NULL) {
2626 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(int, _numa_used_node_list);
2627 }
2628 }
2629
2630 public:
2631 NUMANodeListHolder() {
2632 _numa_used_node_count = 0;
2633 _numa_used_node_list = NULL;
2634 // do rest of initialization in build routine (after function pointers are set up)
2635 }
2636
2637 ~NUMANodeListHolder() {
2638 free_node_list();
2639 }
2640
2641 bool build() {
2642 DWORD_PTR proc_aff_mask;
2643 DWORD_PTR sys_aff_mask;
2644 if (!GetProcessAffinityMask(GetCurrentProcess(), &proc_aff_mask, &sys_aff_mask)) return false;
2645 ULONG highest_node_number;
2646 if (!GetNumaHighestNodeNumber(&highest_node_number)) return false;
2647 free_node_list();
2648 _numa_used_node_list = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(int, highest_node_number + 1, mtInternal);
2649 for (unsigned int i = 0; i <= highest_node_number; i++) {
2650 ULONGLONG proc_mask_numa_node;
2651 if (!GetNumaNodeProcessorMask(i, &proc_mask_numa_node)) return false;
2652 if ((proc_aff_mask & proc_mask_numa_node)!=0) {
2653 _numa_used_node_list[_numa_used_node_count++] = i;
2654 }
2655 }
2656 return (_numa_used_node_count > 1);
2657 }
2658
2659 int get_count() { return _numa_used_node_count; }
2660 int get_node_list_entry(int n) {
2661 // for indexes out of range, returns -1
2662 return (n < _numa_used_node_count ? _numa_used_node_list[n] : -1);
2663 }
2664
2665 } numa_node_list_holder;
2666
2667
2668
2669 static size_t _large_page_size = 0;
2670
2671 static bool request_lock_memory_privilege() {
2672 _hProcess = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE,
2673 os::current_process_id());
2674
2675 LUID luid;
2676 if (_hProcess != NULL &&
2677 OpenProcessToken(_hProcess, TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES, &_hToken) &&
2678 LookupPrivilegeValue(NULL, "SeLockMemoryPrivilege", &luid)) {
2679
2680 TOKEN_PRIVILEGES tp;
2681 tp.PrivilegeCount = 1;
2682 tp.Privileges[0].Luid = luid;
2683 tp.Privileges[0].Attributes = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED;
2684
2685 // AdjustTokenPrivileges() may return TRUE even when it couldn't change the
2686 // privilege. Check GetLastError() too. See MSDN document.
2687 if (AdjustTokenPrivileges(_hToken, false, &tp, sizeof(tp), NULL, NULL) &&
2688 (GetLastError() == ERROR_SUCCESS)) {
2689 return true;
2690 }
2691 }
2692
2693 return false;
2694 }
2695
2696 static void cleanup_after_large_page_init() {
2697 if (_hProcess) CloseHandle(_hProcess);
2698 _hProcess = NULL;
2699 if (_hToken) CloseHandle(_hToken);
2700 _hToken = NULL;
2701 }
2702
2703 static bool numa_interleaving_init() {
2704 bool success = false;
2705 bool use_numa_interleaving_specified = !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving);
2706
2707 // print a warning if UseNUMAInterleaving flag is specified on command line
2708 bool warn_on_failure = use_numa_interleaving_specified;
2709 #define WARN(msg) if (warn_on_failure) { warning(msg); }
2710
2711 // NUMAInterleaveGranularity cannot be less than vm_allocation_granularity (or _large_page_size if using large pages)
2712 size_t min_interleave_granularity = UseLargePages ? _large_page_size : os::vm_allocation_granularity();
2713 NUMAInterleaveGranularity = align_up(NUMAInterleaveGranularity, min_interleave_granularity);
2714
2715 if (numa_node_list_holder.build()) {
2716 if (log_is_enabled(Debug, os, cpu)) {
2717 Log(os, cpu) log;
2718 log.debug("NUMA UsedNodeCount=%d, namely ", numa_node_list_holder.get_count());
2719 for (int i = 0; i < numa_node_list_holder.get_count(); i++) {
2720 log.debug(" %d ", numa_node_list_holder.get_node_list_entry(i));
2721 }
2722 }
2723 success = true;
2724 } else {
2725 WARN("Process does not cover multiple NUMA nodes.");
2726 }
2727 if (!success) {
2728 if (use_numa_interleaving_specified) WARN("...Ignoring UseNUMAInterleaving flag.");
2729 }
2730 return success;
2731 #undef WARN
2732 }
2733
2734 // this routine is used whenever we need to reserve a contiguous VA range
2735 // but we need to make separate VirtualAlloc calls for each piece of the range
2736 // Reasons for doing this:
2737 // * UseLargePagesIndividualAllocation was set (normally only needed on WS2003 but possible to be set otherwise)
2738 // * UseNUMAInterleaving requires a separate node for each piece
2739 static char* allocate_pages_individually(size_t bytes, char* addr, DWORD flags,
2740 DWORD prot,
2741 bool should_inject_error = false) {
2742 char * p_buf;
2743 // note: at setup time we guaranteed that NUMAInterleaveGranularity was aligned up to a page size
2744 size_t page_size = UseLargePages ? _large_page_size : os::vm_allocation_granularity();
2745 size_t chunk_size = UseNUMAInterleaving ? NUMAInterleaveGranularity : page_size;
2746
2747 // first reserve enough address space in advance since we want to be
2748 // able to break a single contiguous virtual address range into multiple
2749 // large page commits but WS2003 does not allow reserving large page space
2750 // so we just use 4K pages for reserve, this gives us a legal contiguous
2751 // address space. then we will deallocate that reservation, and re alloc
2752 // using large pages
2753 const size_t size_of_reserve = bytes + chunk_size;
2754 if (bytes > size_of_reserve) {
2755 // Overflowed.
2756 return NULL;
2757 }
2758 p_buf = (char *) VirtualAlloc(addr,
2759 size_of_reserve, // size of Reserve
2760 MEM_RESERVE,
2761 PAGE_READWRITE);
2762 // If reservation failed, return NULL
2763 if (p_buf == NULL) return NULL;
2764 MemTracker::record_virtual_memory_reserve((address)p_buf, size_of_reserve, CALLER_PC);
2765 os::release_memory(p_buf, bytes + chunk_size);
2766
2767 // we still need to round up to a page boundary (in case we are using large pages)
2768 // but not to a chunk boundary (in case InterleavingGranularity doesn't align with page size)
2769 // instead we handle this in the bytes_to_rq computation below
2770 p_buf = align_up(p_buf, page_size);
2771
2772 // now go through and allocate one chunk at a time until all bytes are
2773 // allocated
2774 size_t bytes_remaining = bytes;
2775 // An overflow of align_up() would have been caught above
2776 // in the calculation of size_of_reserve.
2777 char * next_alloc_addr = p_buf;
2778 HANDLE hProc = GetCurrentProcess();
2779
2780 #ifdef ASSERT
2781 // Variable for the failure injection
2782 int ran_num = os::random();
2783 size_t fail_after = ran_num % bytes;
2784 #endif
2785
2786 int count=0;
2787 while (bytes_remaining) {
2788 // select bytes_to_rq to get to the next chunk_size boundary
2789
2790 size_t bytes_to_rq = MIN2(bytes_remaining, chunk_size - ((size_t)next_alloc_addr % chunk_size));
2791 // Note allocate and commit
2792 char * p_new;
2793
2794 #ifdef ASSERT
2795 bool inject_error_now = should_inject_error && (bytes_remaining <= fail_after);
2796 #else
2797 const bool inject_error_now = false;
2798 #endif
2799
2800 if (inject_error_now) {
2801 p_new = NULL;
2802 } else {
2803 if (!UseNUMAInterleaving) {
2804 p_new = (char *) VirtualAlloc(next_alloc_addr,
2805 bytes_to_rq,
2806 flags,
2807 prot);
2808 } else {
2809 // get the next node to use from the used_node_list
2810 assert(numa_node_list_holder.get_count() > 0, "Multiple NUMA nodes expected");
2811 DWORD node = numa_node_list_holder.get_node_list_entry(count % numa_node_list_holder.get_count());
2812 p_new = (char *)VirtualAllocExNuma(hProc, next_alloc_addr, bytes_to_rq, flags, prot, node);
2813 }
2814 }
2815
2816 if (p_new == NULL) {
2817 // Free any allocated pages
2818 if (next_alloc_addr > p_buf) {
2819 // Some memory was committed so release it.
2820 size_t bytes_to_release = bytes - bytes_remaining;
2821 // NMT has yet to record any individual blocks, so it
2822 // need to create a dummy 'reserve' record to match
2823 // the release.
2824 MemTracker::record_virtual_memory_reserve((address)p_buf,
2825 bytes_to_release, CALLER_PC);
2826 os::release_memory(p_buf, bytes_to_release);
2827 }
2828 #ifdef ASSERT
2829 if (should_inject_error) {
2830 log_develop_debug(pagesize)("Reserving pages individually failed.");
2831 }
2832 #endif
2833 return NULL;
2834 }
2835
2836 bytes_remaining -= bytes_to_rq;
2837 next_alloc_addr += bytes_to_rq;
2838 count++;
2839 }
2840 // Although the memory is allocated individually, it is returned as one.
2841 // NMT records it as one block.
2842 if ((flags & MEM_COMMIT) != 0) {
2843 MemTracker::record_virtual_memory_reserve_and_commit((address)p_buf, bytes, CALLER_PC);
2844 } else {
2845 MemTracker::record_virtual_memory_reserve((address)p_buf, bytes, CALLER_PC);
2846 }
2847
2848 // made it this far, success
2849 return p_buf;
2850 }
2851
2852
2853
2854 void os::large_page_init() {
2855 if (!UseLargePages) return;
2856
2857 // print a warning if any large page related flag is specified on command line
2858 bool warn_on_failure = !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) ||
2859 !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LargePageSizeInBytes);
2860 bool success = false;
2861
2862 #define WARN(msg) if (warn_on_failure) { warning(msg); }
2863 if (request_lock_memory_privilege()) {
2864 size_t s = GetLargePageMinimum();
2865 if (s) {
2866 #if defined(IA32) || defined(AMD64)
2867 if (s > 4*M || LargePageSizeInBytes > 4*M) {
2868 WARN("JVM cannot use large pages bigger than 4mb.");
2869 } else {
2870 #endif
2871 if (LargePageSizeInBytes && LargePageSizeInBytes % s == 0) {
2872 _large_page_size = LargePageSizeInBytes;
2873 } else {
2874 _large_page_size = s;
2875 }
2876 success = true;
2877 #if defined(IA32) || defined(AMD64)
2878 }
2879 #endif
2880 } else {
2881 WARN("Large page is not supported by the processor.");
2882 }
2883 } else {
2884 WARN("JVM cannot use large page memory because it does not have enough privilege to lock pages in memory.");
2885 }
2886 #undef WARN
2887
2888 const size_t default_page_size = (size_t) vm_page_size();
2889 if (success && _large_page_size > default_page_size) {
2890 _page_sizes[0] = _large_page_size;
2891 _page_sizes[1] = default_page_size;
2892 _page_sizes[2] = 0;
2893 }
2894
2895 cleanup_after_large_page_init();
2896 UseLargePages = success;
2897 }
2898
2899 // On win32, one cannot release just a part of reserved memory, it's an
2900 // all or nothing deal. When we split a reservation, we must break the
2901 // reservation into two reservations.
2902 void os::pd_split_reserved_memory(char *base, size_t size, size_t split,
2903 bool realloc) {
2904 if (size > 0) {
2905 release_memory(base, size);
2906 if (realloc) {
2907 reserve_memory(split, base);
2908 }
2909 if (size != split) {
2910 reserve_memory(size - split, base + split);
2911 }
2912 }
2913 }
2914
2915 // Multiple threads can race in this code but it's not possible to unmap small sections of
2916 // virtual space to get requested alignment, like posix-like os's.
2917 // Windows prevents multiple thread from remapping over each other so this loop is thread-safe.
2918 char* os::reserve_memory_aligned(size_t size, size_t alignment) {
2919 assert((alignment & (os::vm_allocation_granularity() - 1)) == 0,
2920 "Alignment must be a multiple of allocation granularity (page size)");
2921 assert((size & (alignment -1)) == 0, "size must be 'alignment' aligned");
2922
2923 size_t extra_size = size + alignment;
2924 assert(extra_size >= size, "overflow, size is too large to allow alignment");
2925
2926 char* aligned_base = NULL;
2927
2928 do {
2929 char* extra_base = os::reserve_memory(extra_size, NULL, alignment);
2930 if (extra_base == NULL) {
2931 return NULL;
2932 }
2933 // Do manual alignment
2934 aligned_base = align_up(extra_base, alignment);
2935
2936 os::release_memory(extra_base, extra_size);
2937
2938 aligned_base = os::reserve_memory(size, aligned_base);
2939
2940 } while (aligned_base == NULL);
2941
2942 return aligned_base;
2943 }
2944
2945 char* os::pd_reserve_memory(size_t bytes, char* addr, size_t alignment_hint) {
2946 assert((size_t)addr % os::vm_allocation_granularity() == 0,
2947 "reserve alignment");
2948 assert(bytes % os::vm_page_size() == 0, "reserve page size");
2949 char* res;
2950 // note that if UseLargePages is on, all the areas that require interleaving
2951 // will go thru reserve_memory_special rather than thru here.
2952 bool use_individual = (UseNUMAInterleaving && !UseLargePages);
2953 if (!use_individual) {
2954 res = (char*)VirtualAlloc(addr, bytes, MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_READWRITE);
2955 } else {
2956 elapsedTimer reserveTimer;
2957 if (Verbose && PrintMiscellaneous) reserveTimer.start();
2958 // in numa interleaving, we have to allocate pages individually
2959 // (well really chunks of NUMAInterleaveGranularity size)
2960 res = allocate_pages_individually(bytes, addr, MEM_RESERVE, PAGE_READWRITE);
2961 if (res == NULL) {
2962 warning("NUMA page allocation failed");
2963 }
2964 if (Verbose && PrintMiscellaneous) {
2965 reserveTimer.stop();
2966 tty->print_cr("reserve_memory of %Ix bytes took " JLONG_FORMAT " ms (" JLONG_FORMAT " ticks)", bytes,
2967 reserveTimer.milliseconds(), reserveTimer.ticks());
2968 }
2969 }
2970 assert(res == NULL || addr == NULL || addr == res,
2971 "Unexpected address from reserve.");
2972
2973 return res;
2974 }
2975
2976 // Reserve memory at an arbitrary address, only if that area is
2977 // available (and not reserved for something else).
2978 char* os::pd_attempt_reserve_memory_at(size_t bytes, char* requested_addr) {
2979 // Windows os::reserve_memory() fails of the requested address range is
2980 // not avilable.
2981 return reserve_memory(bytes, requested_addr);
2982 }
2983
2984 size_t os::large_page_size() {
2985 return _large_page_size;
2986 }
2987
2988 bool os::can_commit_large_page_memory() {
2989 // Windows only uses large page memory when the entire region is reserved
2990 // and committed in a single VirtualAlloc() call. This may change in the
2991 // future, but with Windows 2003 it's not possible to commit on demand.
2992 return false;
2993 }
2994
2995 bool os::can_execute_large_page_memory() {
2996 return true;
2997 }
2998
2999 char* os::reserve_memory_special(size_t bytes, size_t alignment, char* addr,
3000 bool exec) {
3001 assert(UseLargePages, "only for large pages");
3002
3003 if (!is_aligned(bytes, os::large_page_size()) || alignment > os::large_page_size()) {
3004 return NULL; // Fallback to small pages.
3005 }
3006
3007 const DWORD prot = exec ? PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE : PAGE_READWRITE;
3008 const DWORD flags = MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT | MEM_LARGE_PAGES;
3009
3010 // with large pages, there are two cases where we need to use Individual Allocation
3011 // 1) the UseLargePagesIndividualAllocation flag is set (set by default on WS2003)
3012 // 2) NUMA Interleaving is enabled, in which case we use a different node for each page
3013 if (UseLargePagesIndividualAllocation || UseNUMAInterleaving) {
3014 log_debug(pagesize)("Reserving large pages individually.");
3015
3016 char * p_buf = allocate_pages_individually(bytes, addr, flags, prot, LargePagesIndividualAllocationInjectError);
3017 if (p_buf == NULL) {
3018 // give an appropriate warning message
3019 if (UseNUMAInterleaving) {
3020 warning("NUMA large page allocation failed, UseLargePages flag ignored");
3021 }
3022 if (UseLargePagesIndividualAllocation) {
3023 warning("Individually allocated large pages failed, "
3024 "use -XX:-UseLargePagesIndividualAllocation to turn off");
3025 }
3026 return NULL;
3027 }
3028
3029 return p_buf;
3030
3031 } else {
3032 log_debug(pagesize)("Reserving large pages in a single large chunk.");
3033
3034 // normal policy just allocate it all at once
3035 DWORD flag = MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT | MEM_LARGE_PAGES;
3036 char * res = (char *)VirtualAlloc(addr, bytes, flag, prot);
3037 if (res != NULL) {
3038 MemTracker::record_virtual_memory_reserve_and_commit((address)res, bytes, CALLER_PC);
3039 }
3040
3041 return res;
3042 }
3043 }
3044
3045 bool os::release_memory_special(char* base, size_t bytes) {
3046 assert(base != NULL, "Sanity check");
3047 return release_memory(base, bytes);
3048 }
3049
3050 void os::print_statistics() {
3051 }
3052
3053 static void warn_fail_commit_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes, bool exec) {
3054 int err = os::get_last_error();
3055 char buf[256];
3056 size_t buf_len = os::lasterror(buf, sizeof(buf));
3057 warning("INFO: os::commit_memory(" PTR_FORMAT ", " SIZE_FORMAT
3058 ", %d) failed; error='%s' (DOS error/errno=%d)", addr, bytes,
3059 exec, buf_len != 0 ? buf : "<no_error_string>", err);
3060 }
3061
3062 bool os::pd_commit_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes, bool exec) {
3063 if (bytes == 0) {
3064 // Don't bother the OS with noops.
3065 return true;
3066 }
3067 assert((size_t) addr % os::vm_page_size() == 0, "commit on page boundaries");
3068 assert(bytes % os::vm_page_size() == 0, "commit in page-sized chunks");
3069 // Don't attempt to print anything if the OS call fails. We're
3070 // probably low on resources, so the print itself may cause crashes.
3071
3072 // unless we have NUMAInterleaving enabled, the range of a commit
3073 // is always within a reserve covered by a single VirtualAlloc
3074 // in that case we can just do a single commit for the requested size
3075 if (!UseNUMAInterleaving) {
3076 if (VirtualAlloc(addr, bytes, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE) == NULL) {
3077 NOT_PRODUCT(warn_fail_commit_memory(addr, bytes, exec);)
3078 return false;
3079 }
3080 if (exec) {
3081 DWORD oldprot;
3082 // Windows doc says to use VirtualProtect to get execute permissions
3083 if (!VirtualProtect(addr, bytes, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE, &oldprot)) {
3084 NOT_PRODUCT(warn_fail_commit_memory(addr, bytes, exec);)
3085 return false;
3086 }
3087 }
3088 return true;
3089 } else {
3090
3091 // when NUMAInterleaving is enabled, the commit might cover a range that
3092 // came from multiple VirtualAlloc reserves (using allocate_pages_individually).
3093 // VirtualQuery can help us determine that. The RegionSize that VirtualQuery
3094 // returns represents the number of bytes that can be committed in one step.
3095 size_t bytes_remaining = bytes;
3096 char * next_alloc_addr = addr;
3097 while (bytes_remaining > 0) {
3098 MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION alloc_info;
3099 VirtualQuery(next_alloc_addr, &alloc_info, sizeof(alloc_info));
3100 size_t bytes_to_rq = MIN2(bytes_remaining, (size_t)alloc_info.RegionSize);
3101 if (VirtualAlloc(next_alloc_addr, bytes_to_rq, MEM_COMMIT,
3102 PAGE_READWRITE) == NULL) {
3103 NOT_PRODUCT(warn_fail_commit_memory(next_alloc_addr, bytes_to_rq,
3104 exec);)
3105 return false;
3106 }
3107 if (exec) {
3108 DWORD oldprot;
3109 if (!VirtualProtect(next_alloc_addr, bytes_to_rq,
3110 PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE, &oldprot)) {
3111 NOT_PRODUCT(warn_fail_commit_memory(next_alloc_addr, bytes_to_rq,
3112 exec);)
3113 return false;
3114 }
3115 }
3116 bytes_remaining -= bytes_to_rq;
3117 next_alloc_addr += bytes_to_rq;
3118 }
3119 }
3120 // if we made it this far, return true
3121 return true;
3122 }
3123
3124 bool os::pd_commit_memory(char* addr, size_t size, size_t alignment_hint,
3125 bool exec) {
3126 // alignment_hint is ignored on this OS
3127 return pd_commit_memory(addr, size, exec);
3128 }
3129
3130 void os::pd_commit_memory_or_exit(char* addr, size_t size, bool exec,
3131 const char* mesg) {
3132 assert(mesg != NULL, "mesg must be specified");
3133 if (!pd_commit_memory(addr, size, exec)) {
3134 warn_fail_commit_memory(addr, size, exec);
3135 vm_exit_out_of_memory(size, OOM_MMAP_ERROR, "%s", mesg);
3136 }
3137 }
3138
3139 void os::pd_commit_memory_or_exit(char* addr, size_t size,
3140 size_t alignment_hint, bool exec,
3141 const char* mesg) {
3142 // alignment_hint is ignored on this OS
3143 pd_commit_memory_or_exit(addr, size, exec, mesg);
3144 }
3145
3146 bool os::pd_uncommit_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes) {
3147 if (bytes == 0) {
3148 // Don't bother the OS with noops.
3149 return true;
3150 }
3151 assert((size_t) addr % os::vm_page_size() == 0, "uncommit on page boundaries");
3152 assert(bytes % os::vm_page_size() == 0, "uncommit in page-sized chunks");
3153 return (VirtualFree(addr, bytes, MEM_DECOMMIT) != 0);
3154 }
3155
3156 bool os::pd_release_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes) {
3157 return VirtualFree(addr, 0, MEM_RELEASE) != 0;
3158 }
3159
3160 bool os::pd_create_stack_guard_pages(char* addr, size_t size) {
3161 return os::commit_memory(addr, size, !ExecMem);
3162 }
3163
3164 bool os::remove_stack_guard_pages(char* addr, size_t size) {
3165 return os::uncommit_memory(addr, size);
3166 }
3167
3168 static bool protect_pages_individually(char* addr, size_t bytes, unsigned int p, DWORD *old_status) {
3169 uint count = 0;
3170 bool ret = false;
3171 size_t bytes_remaining = bytes;
3172 char * next_protect_addr = addr;
3173
3174 // Use VirtualQuery() to get the chunk size.
3175 while (bytes_remaining) {
3176 MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION alloc_info;
3177 if (VirtualQuery(next_protect_addr, &alloc_info, sizeof(alloc_info)) == 0) {
3178 return false;
3179 }
3180
3181 size_t bytes_to_protect = MIN2(bytes_remaining, (size_t)alloc_info.RegionSize);
3182 // We used different API at allocate_pages_individually() based on UseNUMAInterleaving,
3183 // but we don't distinguish here as both cases are protected by same API.
3184 ret = VirtualProtect(next_protect_addr, bytes_to_protect, p, old_status) != 0;
3185 warning("Failed protecting pages individually for chunk #%u", count);
3186 if (!ret) {
3187 return false;
3188 }
3189
3190 bytes_remaining -= bytes_to_protect;
3191 next_protect_addr += bytes_to_protect;
3192 count++;
3193 }
3194 return ret;
3195 }
3196
3197 // Set protections specified
3198 bool os::protect_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes, ProtType prot,
3199 bool is_committed) {
3200 unsigned int p = 0;
3201 switch (prot) {
3202 case MEM_PROT_NONE: p = PAGE_NOACCESS; break;
3203 case MEM_PROT_READ: p = PAGE_READONLY; break;
3204 case MEM_PROT_RW: p = PAGE_READWRITE; break;
3205 case MEM_PROT_RWX: p = PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE; break;
3206 default:
3207 ShouldNotReachHere();
3208 }
3209
3210 DWORD old_status;
3211
3212 // Strange enough, but on Win32 one can change protection only for committed
3213 // memory, not a big deal anyway, as bytes less or equal than 64K
3214 if (!is_committed) {
3215 commit_memory_or_exit(addr, bytes, prot == MEM_PROT_RWX,
3216 "cannot commit protection page");
3217 }
3218 // One cannot use os::guard_memory() here, as on Win32 guard page
3219 // have different (one-shot) semantics, from MSDN on PAGE_GUARD:
3220 //
3221 // Pages in the region become guard pages. Any attempt to access a guard page
3222 // causes the system to raise a STATUS_GUARD_PAGE exception and turn off
3223 // the guard page status. Guard pages thus act as a one-time access alarm.
3224 bool ret;
3225 if (UseNUMAInterleaving) {
3226 // If UseNUMAInterleaving is enabled, the pages may have been allocated a chunk at a time,
3227 // so we must protect the chunks individually.
3228 ret = protect_pages_individually(addr, bytes, p, &old_status);
3229 } else {
3230 ret = VirtualProtect(addr, bytes, p, &old_status) != 0;
3231 }
3232 #ifdef ASSERT
3233 if (!ret) {
3234 int err = os::get_last_error();
3235 char buf[256];
3236 size_t buf_len = os::lasterror(buf, sizeof(buf));
3237 warning("INFO: os::protect_memory(" PTR_FORMAT ", " SIZE_FORMAT
3238 ") failed; error='%s' (DOS error/errno=%d)", addr, bytes,
3239 buf_len != 0 ? buf : "<no_error_string>", err);
3240 }
3241 #endif
3242 return ret;
3243 }
3244
3245 bool os::guard_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes) {
3246 DWORD old_status;
3247 return VirtualProtect(addr, bytes, PAGE_READWRITE | PAGE_GUARD, &old_status) != 0;
3248 }
3249
3250 bool os::unguard_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes) {
3251 DWORD old_status;
3252 return VirtualProtect(addr, bytes, PAGE_READWRITE, &old_status) != 0;
3253 }
3254
3255 void os::pd_realign_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes, size_t alignment_hint) { }
3256 void os::pd_free_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes, size_t alignment_hint) { }
3257 void os::numa_make_global(char *addr, size_t bytes) { }
3258 void os::numa_make_local(char *addr, size_t bytes, int lgrp_hint) { }
3259 bool os::numa_topology_changed() { return false; }
3260 size_t os::numa_get_groups_num() { return MAX2(numa_node_list_holder.get_count(), 1); }
3261 int os::numa_get_group_id() { return 0; }
3262 size_t os::numa_get_leaf_groups(int *ids, size_t size) {
3263 if (numa_node_list_holder.get_count() == 0 && size > 0) {
3264 // Provide an answer for UMA systems
3265 ids[0] = 0;
3266 return 1;
3267 } else {
3268 // check for size bigger than actual groups_num
3269 size = MIN2(size, numa_get_groups_num());
3270 for (int i = 0; i < (int)size; i++) {
3271 ids[i] = numa_node_list_holder.get_node_list_entry(i);
3272 }
3273 return size;
3274 }
3275 }
3276
3277 bool os::get_page_info(char *start, page_info* info) {
3278 return false;
3279 }
3280
3281 char *os::scan_pages(char *start, char* end, page_info* page_expected,
3282 page_info* page_found) {
3283 return end;
3284 }
3285
3286 char* os::non_memory_address_word() {
3287 // Must never look like an address returned by reserve_memory,
3288 // even in its subfields (as defined by the CPU immediate fields,
3289 // if the CPU splits constants across multiple instructions).
3290 return (char*)-1;
3291 }
3292
3293 #define MAX_ERROR_COUNT 100
3294 #define SYS_THREAD_ERROR 0xffffffffUL
3295
3296 void os::pd_start_thread(Thread* thread) {
3297 DWORD ret = ResumeThread(thread->osthread()->thread_handle());
3298 // Returns previous suspend state:
3299 // 0: Thread was not suspended
3300 // 1: Thread is running now
3301 // >1: Thread is still suspended.
3302 assert(ret != SYS_THREAD_ERROR, "StartThread failed"); // should propagate back
3303 }
3304
3305 class HighResolutionInterval : public CHeapObj<mtThread> {
3306 // The default timer resolution seems to be 10 milliseconds.
3307 // (Where is this written down?)
3308 // If someone wants to sleep for only a fraction of the default,
3309 // then we set the timer resolution down to 1 millisecond for
3310 // the duration of their interval.
3311 // We carefully set the resolution back, since otherwise we
3312 // seem to incur an overhead (3%?) that we don't need.
3313 // CONSIDER: if ms is small, say 3, then we should run with a high resolution time.
3314 // Buf if ms is large, say 500, or 503, we should avoid the call to timeBeginPeriod().
3315 // Alternatively, we could compute the relative error (503/500 = .6%) and only use
3316 // timeBeginPeriod() if the relative error exceeded some threshold.
3317 // timeBeginPeriod() has been linked to problems with clock drift on win32 systems and
3318 // to decreased efficiency related to increased timer "tick" rates. We want to minimize
3319 // (a) calls to timeBeginPeriod() and timeEndPeriod() and (b) time spent with high
3320 // resolution timers running.
3321 private:
3322 jlong resolution;
3323 public:
3324 HighResolutionInterval(jlong ms) {
3325 resolution = ms % 10L;
3326 if (resolution != 0) {
3327 MMRESULT result = timeBeginPeriod(1L);
3328 }
3329 }
3330 ~HighResolutionInterval() {
3331 if (resolution != 0) {
3332 MMRESULT result = timeEndPeriod(1L);
3333 }
3334 resolution = 0L;
3335 }
3336 };
3337
3338 int os::sleep(Thread* thread, jlong ms, bool interruptable) {
3339 jlong limit = (jlong) MAXDWORD;
3340
3341 while (ms > limit) {
3342 int res;
3343 if ((res = sleep(thread, limit, interruptable)) != OS_TIMEOUT) {
3344 return res;
3345 }
3346 ms -= limit;
3347 }
3348
3349 assert(thread == Thread::current(), "thread consistency check");
3350 OSThread* osthread = thread->osthread();
3351 OSThreadWaitState osts(osthread, false /* not Object.wait() */);
3352 int result;
3353 if (interruptable) {
3354 assert(thread->is_Java_thread(), "must be java thread");
3355 JavaThread *jt = (JavaThread *) thread;
3356 ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(jt);
3357
3358 jt->set_suspend_equivalent();
3359 // cleared by handle_special_suspend_equivalent_condition() or
3360 // java_suspend_self() via check_and_wait_while_suspended()
3361
3362 HANDLE events[1];
3363 events[0] = osthread->interrupt_event();
3364 HighResolutionInterval *phri=NULL;
3365 if (!ForceTimeHighResolution) {
3366 phri = new HighResolutionInterval(ms);
3367 }
3368 if (WaitForMultipleObjects(1, events, FALSE, (DWORD)ms) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
3369 result = OS_TIMEOUT;
3370 } else {
3371 ResetEvent(osthread->interrupt_event());
3372 osthread->set_interrupted(false);
3373 result = OS_INTRPT;
3374 }
3375 delete phri; //if it is NULL, harmless
3376
3377 // were we externally suspended while we were waiting?
3378 jt->check_and_wait_while_suspended();
3379 } else {
3380 assert(!thread->is_Java_thread(), "must not be java thread");
3381 Sleep((long) ms);
3382 result = OS_TIMEOUT;
3383 }
3384 return result;
3385 }
3386
3387 // Short sleep, direct OS call.
3388 //
3389 // ms = 0, means allow others (if any) to run.
3390 //
3391 void os::naked_short_sleep(jlong ms) {
3392 assert(ms < 1000, "Un-interruptable sleep, short time use only");
3393 Sleep(ms);
3394 }
3395
3396 // Sleep forever; naked call to OS-specific sleep; use with CAUTION
3397 void os::infinite_sleep() {
3398 while (true) { // sleep forever ...
3399 Sleep(100000); // ... 100 seconds at a time
3400 }
3401 }
3402
3403 typedef BOOL (WINAPI * STTSignature)(void);
3404
3405 void os::naked_yield() {
3406 // Consider passing back the return value from SwitchToThread().
3407 SwitchToThread();
3408 }
3409
3410 // Win32 only gives you access to seven real priorities at a time,
3411 // so we compress Java's ten down to seven. It would be better
3412 // if we dynamically adjusted relative priorities.
3413
3414 int os::java_to_os_priority[CriticalPriority + 1] = {
3415 THREAD_PRIORITY_IDLE, // 0 Entry should never be used
3416 THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST, // 1 MinPriority
3417 THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST, // 2
3418 THREAD_PRIORITY_BELOW_NORMAL, // 3
3419 THREAD_PRIORITY_BELOW_NORMAL, // 4
3420 THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL, // 5 NormPriority
3421 THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL, // 6
3422 THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL, // 7
3423 THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL, // 8
3424 THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST, // 9 NearMaxPriority
3425 THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST, // 10 MaxPriority
3426 THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST // 11 CriticalPriority
3427 };
3428
3429 int prio_policy1[CriticalPriority + 1] = {
3430 THREAD_PRIORITY_IDLE, // 0 Entry should never be used
3431 THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST, // 1 MinPriority
3432 THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST, // 2
3433 THREAD_PRIORITY_BELOW_NORMAL, // 3
3434 THREAD_PRIORITY_BELOW_NORMAL, // 4
3435 THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL, // 5 NormPriority
3436 THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL, // 6
3437 THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL, // 7
3438 THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST, // 8
3439 THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST, // 9 NearMaxPriority
3440 THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL, // 10 MaxPriority
3441 THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL // 11 CriticalPriority
3442 };
3443
3444 static int prio_init() {
3445 // If ThreadPriorityPolicy is 1, switch tables
3446 if (ThreadPriorityPolicy == 1) {
3447 int i;
3448 for (i = 0; i < CriticalPriority + 1; i++) {
3449 os::java_to_os_priority[i] = prio_policy1[i];
3450 }
3451 }
3452 if (UseCriticalJavaThreadPriority) {
3453 os::java_to_os_priority[MaxPriority] = os::java_to_os_priority[CriticalPriority];
3454 }
3455 return 0;
3456 }
3457
3458 OSReturn os::set_native_priority(Thread* thread, int priority) {
3459 if (!UseThreadPriorities) return OS_OK;
3460 bool ret = SetThreadPriority(thread->osthread()->thread_handle(), priority) != 0;
3461 return ret ? OS_OK : OS_ERR;
3462 }
3463
3464 OSReturn os::get_native_priority(const Thread* const thread,
3465 int* priority_ptr) {
3466 if (!UseThreadPriorities) {
3467 *priority_ptr = java_to_os_priority[NormPriority];
3468 return OS_OK;
3469 }
3470 int os_prio = GetThreadPriority(thread->osthread()->thread_handle());
3471 if (os_prio == THREAD_PRIORITY_ERROR_RETURN) {
3472 assert(false, "GetThreadPriority failed");
3473 return OS_ERR;
3474 }
3475 *priority_ptr = os_prio;
3476 return OS_OK;
3477 }
3478
3479
3480 // Hint to the underlying OS that a task switch would not be good.
3481 // Void return because it's a hint and can fail.
3482 void os::hint_no_preempt() {}
3483
3484 void os::interrupt(Thread* thread) {
3485 assert(!thread->is_Java_thread() || Thread::current() == thread ||
3486 Threads_lock->owned_by_self(),
3487 "possibility of dangling Thread pointer");
3488
3489 OSThread* osthread = thread->osthread();
3490 osthread->set_interrupted(true);
3491 // More than one thread can get here with the same value of osthread,
3492 // resulting in multiple notifications. We do, however, want the store
3493 // to interrupted() to be visible to other threads before we post
3494 // the interrupt event.
3495 OrderAccess::release();
3496 SetEvent(osthread->interrupt_event());
3497 // For JSR166: unpark after setting status
3498 if (thread->is_Java_thread()) {
3499 ((JavaThread*)thread)->parker()->unpark();
3500 }
3501
3502 ParkEvent * ev = thread->_ParkEvent;
3503 if (ev != NULL) ev->unpark();
3504 }
3505
3506
3507 bool os::is_interrupted(Thread* thread, bool clear_interrupted) {
3508 assert(!thread->is_Java_thread() || Thread::current() == thread || Threads_lock->owned_by_self(),
3509 "possibility of dangling Thread pointer");
3510
3511 OSThread* osthread = thread->osthread();
3512 // There is no synchronization between the setting of the interrupt
3513 // and it being cleared here. It is critical - see 6535709 - that
3514 // we only clear the interrupt state, and reset the interrupt event,
3515 // if we are going to report that we were indeed interrupted - else
3516 // an interrupt can be "lost", leading to spurious wakeups or lost wakeups
3517 // depending on the timing. By checking thread interrupt event to see
3518 // if the thread gets real interrupt thus prevent spurious wakeup.
3519 bool interrupted = osthread->interrupted() && (WaitForSingleObject(osthread->interrupt_event(), 0) == WAIT_OBJECT_0);
3520 if (interrupted && clear_interrupted) {
3521 osthread->set_interrupted(false);
3522 ResetEvent(osthread->interrupt_event());
3523 } // Otherwise leave the interrupted state alone
3524
3525 return interrupted;
3526 }
3527
3528 // GetCurrentThreadId() returns DWORD
3529 intx os::current_thread_id() { return GetCurrentThreadId(); }
3530
3531 static int _initial_pid = 0;
3532
3533 int os::current_process_id() {
3534 return (_initial_pid ? _initial_pid : _getpid());
3535 }
3536
3537 int os::win32::_vm_page_size = 0;
3538 int os::win32::_vm_allocation_granularity = 0;
3539 int os::win32::_processor_type = 0;
3540 // Processor level is not available on non-NT systems, use vm_version instead
3541 int os::win32::_processor_level = 0;
3542 julong os::win32::_physical_memory = 0;
3543 size_t os::win32::_default_stack_size = 0;
3544
3545 intx os::win32::_os_thread_limit = 0;
3546 volatile intx os::win32::_os_thread_count = 0;
3547
3548 bool os::win32::_is_windows_server = false;
3549
3550 // 6573254
3551 // Currently, the bug is observed across all the supported Windows releases,
3552 // including the latest one (as of this writing - Windows Server 2012 R2)
3553 bool os::win32::_has_exit_bug = true;
3554
3555 void os::win32::initialize_system_info() {
3556 SYSTEM_INFO si;
3557 GetSystemInfo(&si);
3558 _vm_page_size = si.dwPageSize;
3559 _vm_allocation_granularity = si.dwAllocationGranularity;
3560 _processor_type = si.dwProcessorType;
3561 _processor_level = si.wProcessorLevel;
3562 set_processor_count(si.dwNumberOfProcessors);
3563
3564 MEMORYSTATUSEX ms;
3565 ms.dwLength = sizeof(ms);
3566
3567 // also returns dwAvailPhys (free physical memory bytes), dwTotalVirtual, dwAvailVirtual,
3568 // dwMemoryLoad (% of memory in use)
3569 GlobalMemoryStatusEx(&ms);
3570 _physical_memory = ms.ullTotalPhys;
3571
3572 if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM)) {
3573 // Adjust MaxRAM according to the maximum virtual address space available.
3574 FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxRAM, MIN2(MaxRAM, (uint64_t) ms.ullTotalVirtual));
3575 }
3576
3577 OSVERSIONINFOEX oi;
3578 oi.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFOEX);
3579 GetVersionEx((OSVERSIONINFO*)&oi);
3580 switch (oi.dwPlatformId) {
3581 case VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT:
3582 {
3583 int os_vers = oi.dwMajorVersion * 1000 + oi.dwMinorVersion;
3584 if (oi.wProductType == VER_NT_DOMAIN_CONTROLLER ||
3585 oi.wProductType == VER_NT_SERVER) {
3586 _is_windows_server = true;
3587 }
3588 }
3589 break;
3590 default: fatal("Unknown platform");
3591 }
3592
3593 _default_stack_size = os::current_stack_size();
3594 assert(_default_stack_size > (size_t) _vm_page_size, "invalid stack size");
3595 assert((_default_stack_size & (_vm_page_size - 1)) == 0,
3596 "stack size not a multiple of page size");
3597
3598 initialize_performance_counter();
3599 }
3600
3601
3602 HINSTANCE os::win32::load_Windows_dll(const char* name, char *ebuf,
3603 int ebuflen) {
3604 char path[MAX_PATH];
3605 DWORD size;
3606 DWORD pathLen = (DWORD)sizeof(path);
3607 HINSTANCE result = NULL;
3608
3609 // only allow library name without path component
3610 assert(strchr(name, '\\') == NULL, "path not allowed");
3611 assert(strchr(name, ':') == NULL, "path not allowed");
3612 if (strchr(name, '\\') != NULL || strchr(name, ':') != NULL) {
3613 jio_snprintf(ebuf, ebuflen,
3614 "Invalid parameter while calling os::win32::load_windows_dll(): cannot take path: %s", name);
3615 return NULL;
3616 }
3617
3618 // search system directory
3619 if ((size = GetSystemDirectory(path, pathLen)) > 0) {
3620 if (size >= pathLen) {
3621 return NULL; // truncated
3622 }
3623 if (jio_snprintf(path + size, pathLen - size, "\\%s", name) == -1) {
3624 return NULL; // truncated
3625 }
3626 if ((result = (HINSTANCE)os::dll_load(path, ebuf, ebuflen)) != NULL) {
3627 return result;
3628 }
3629 }
3630
3631 // try Windows directory
3632 if ((size = GetWindowsDirectory(path, pathLen)) > 0) {
3633 if (size >= pathLen) {
3634 return NULL; // truncated
3635 }
3636 if (jio_snprintf(path + size, pathLen - size, "\\%s", name) == -1) {
3637 return NULL; // truncated
3638 }
3639 if ((result = (HINSTANCE)os::dll_load(path, ebuf, ebuflen)) != NULL) {
3640 return result;
3641 }
3642 }
3643
3644 jio_snprintf(ebuf, ebuflen,
3645 "os::win32::load_windows_dll() cannot load %s from system directories.", name);
3646 return NULL;
3647 }
3648
3649 #define MAXIMUM_THREADS_TO_KEEP (16 * MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS)
3650 #define EXIT_TIMEOUT 300000 /* 5 minutes */
3651
3652 static BOOL CALLBACK init_crit_sect_call(PINIT_ONCE, PVOID pcrit_sect, PVOID*) {
3653 InitializeCriticalSection((CRITICAL_SECTION*)pcrit_sect);
3654 return TRUE;
3655 }
3656
3657 int os::win32::exit_process_or_thread(Ept what, int exit_code) {
3658 // Basic approach:
3659 // - Each exiting thread registers its intent to exit and then does so.
3660 // - A thread trying to terminate the process must wait for all
3661 // threads currently exiting to complete their exit.
3662
3663 if (os::win32::has_exit_bug()) {
3664 // The array holds handles of the threads that have started exiting by calling
3665 // _endthreadex().
3666 // Should be large enough to avoid blocking the exiting thread due to lack of
3667 // a free slot.
3668 static HANDLE handles[MAXIMUM_THREADS_TO_KEEP];
3669 static int handle_count = 0;
3670
3671 static INIT_ONCE init_once_crit_sect = INIT_ONCE_STATIC_INIT;
3672 static CRITICAL_SECTION crit_sect;
3673 static volatile DWORD process_exiting = 0;
3674 int i, j;
3675 DWORD res;
3676 HANDLE hproc, hthr;
3677
3678 // We only attempt to register threads until a process exiting
3679 // thread manages to set the process_exiting flag. Any threads
3680 // that come through here after the process_exiting flag is set
3681 // are unregistered and will be caught in the SuspendThread()
3682 // infinite loop below.
3683 bool registered = false;
3684
3685 // The first thread that reached this point, initializes the critical section.
3686 if (!InitOnceExecuteOnce(&init_once_crit_sect, init_crit_sect_call, &crit_sect, NULL)) {
3687 warning("crit_sect initialization failed in %s: %d\n", __FILE__, __LINE__);
3688 } else if (OrderAccess::load_acquire(&process_exiting) == 0) {
3689 if (what != EPT_THREAD) {
3690 // Atomically set process_exiting before the critical section
3691 // to increase the visibility between racing threads.
3692 Atomic::cmpxchg(GetCurrentThreadId(), &process_exiting, (DWORD)0);
3693 }
3694 EnterCriticalSection(&crit_sect);
3695
3696 if (what == EPT_THREAD && OrderAccess::load_acquire(&process_exiting) == 0) {
3697 // Remove from the array those handles of the threads that have completed exiting.
3698 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < handle_count; ++i) {
3699 res = WaitForSingleObject(handles[i], 0 /* don't wait */);
3700 if (res == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
3701 handles[j++] = handles[i];
3702 } else {
3703 if (res == WAIT_FAILED) {
3704 warning("WaitForSingleObject failed (%u) in %s: %d\n",
3705 GetLastError(), __FILE__, __LINE__);
3706 }
3707 // Don't keep the handle, if we failed waiting for it.
3708 CloseHandle(handles[i]);
3709 }
3710 }
3711
3712 // If there's no free slot in the array of the kept handles, we'll have to
3713 // wait until at least one thread completes exiting.
3714 if ((handle_count = j) == MAXIMUM_THREADS_TO_KEEP) {
3715 // Raise the priority of the oldest exiting thread to increase its chances
3716 // to complete sooner.
3717 SetThreadPriority(handles[0], THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL);
3718 res = WaitForMultipleObjects(MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS, handles, FALSE, EXIT_TIMEOUT);
3719 if (res >= WAIT_OBJECT_0 && res < (WAIT_OBJECT_0 + MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS)) {
3720 i = (res - WAIT_OBJECT_0);
3721 handle_count = MAXIMUM_THREADS_TO_KEEP - 1;
3722 for (; i < handle_count; ++i) {
3723 handles[i] = handles[i + 1];
3724 }
3725 } else {
3726 warning("WaitForMultipleObjects %s (%u) in %s: %d\n",
3727 (res == WAIT_FAILED ? "failed" : "timed out"),
3728 GetLastError(), __FILE__, __LINE__);
3729 // Don't keep handles, if we failed waiting for them.
3730 for (i = 0; i < MAXIMUM_THREADS_TO_KEEP; ++i) {
3731 CloseHandle(handles[i]);
3732 }
3733 handle_count = 0;
3734 }
3735 }
3736
3737 // Store a duplicate of the current thread handle in the array of handles.
3738 hproc = GetCurrentProcess();
3739 hthr = GetCurrentThread();
3740 if (!DuplicateHandle(hproc, hthr, hproc, &handles[handle_count],
3741 0, FALSE, DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS)) {
3742 warning("DuplicateHandle failed (%u) in %s: %d\n",
3743 GetLastError(), __FILE__, __LINE__);
3744
3745 // We can't register this thread (no more handles) so this thread
3746 // may be racing with a thread that is calling exit(). If the thread
3747 // that is calling exit() has managed to set the process_exiting
3748 // flag, then this thread will be caught in the SuspendThread()
3749 // infinite loop below which closes that race. A small timing
3750 // window remains before the process_exiting flag is set, but it
3751 // is only exposed when we are out of handles.
3752 } else {
3753 ++handle_count;
3754 registered = true;
3755
3756 // The current exiting thread has stored its handle in the array, and now
3757 // should leave the critical section before calling _endthreadex().
3758 }
3759
3760 } else if (what != EPT_THREAD && handle_count > 0) {
3761 jlong start_time, finish_time, timeout_left;
3762 // Before ending the process, make sure all the threads that had called
3763 // _endthreadex() completed.
3764
3765 // Set the priority level of the current thread to the same value as
3766 // the priority level of exiting threads.
3767 // This is to ensure it will be given a fair chance to execute if
3768 // the timeout expires.
3769 hthr = GetCurrentThread();
3770 SetThreadPriority(hthr, THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL);
3771 start_time = os::javaTimeNanos();
3772 finish_time = start_time + ((jlong)EXIT_TIMEOUT * 1000000L);
3773 for (i = 0; ; ) {
3774 int portion_count = handle_count - i;
3775 if (portion_count > MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS) {
3776 portion_count = MAXIMUM_WAIT_OBJECTS;
3777 }
3778 for (j = 0; j < portion_count; ++j) {
3779 SetThreadPriority(handles[i + j], THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL);
3780 }
3781 timeout_left = (finish_time - start_time) / 1000000L;
3782 if (timeout_left < 0) {
3783 timeout_left = 0;
3784 }
3785 res = WaitForMultipleObjects(portion_count, handles + i, TRUE, timeout_left);
3786 if (res == WAIT_FAILED || res == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
3787 warning("WaitForMultipleObjects %s (%u) in %s: %d\n",
3788 (res == WAIT_FAILED ? "failed" : "timed out"),
3789 GetLastError(), __FILE__, __LINE__);
3790 // Reset portion_count so we close the remaining
3791 // handles due to this error.
3792 portion_count = handle_count - i;
3793 }
3794 for (j = 0; j < portion_count; ++j) {
3795 CloseHandle(handles[i + j]);
3796 }
3797 if ((i += portion_count) >= handle_count) {
3798 break;
3799 }
3800 start_time = os::javaTimeNanos();
3801 }
3802 handle_count = 0;
3803 }
3804
3805 LeaveCriticalSection(&crit_sect);
3806 }
3807
3808 if (!registered &&
3809 OrderAccess::load_acquire(&process_exiting) != 0 &&
3810 process_exiting != GetCurrentThreadId()) {
3811 // Some other thread is about to call exit(), so we don't let
3812 // the current unregistered thread proceed to exit() or _endthreadex()
3813 while (true) {
3814 SuspendThread(GetCurrentThread());
3815 // Avoid busy-wait loop, if SuspendThread() failed.
3816 Sleep(EXIT_TIMEOUT);
3817 }
3818 }
3819 }
3820
3821 // We are here if either
3822 // - there's no 'race at exit' bug on this OS release;
3823 // - initialization of the critical section failed (unlikely);
3824 // - the current thread has registered itself and left the critical section;
3825 // - the process-exiting thread has raised the flag and left the critical section.
3826 if (what == EPT_THREAD) {
3827 _endthreadex((unsigned)exit_code);
3828 } else if (what == EPT_PROCESS) {
3829 ::exit(exit_code);
3830 } else {
3831 _exit(exit_code);
3832 }
3833
3834 // Should not reach here
3835 return exit_code;
3836 }
3837
3838 #undef EXIT_TIMEOUT
3839
3840 void os::win32::setmode_streams() {
3841 _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY);
3842 _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY);
3843 _setmode(_fileno(stderr), _O_BINARY);
3844 }
3845
3846
3847 bool os::is_debugger_attached() {
3848 return IsDebuggerPresent() ? true : false;
3849 }
3850
3851
3852 void os::wait_for_keypress_at_exit(void) {
3853 if (PauseAtExit) {
3854 fprintf(stderr, "Press any key to continue...\n");
3855 fgetc(stdin);
3856 }
3857 }
3858
3859
3860 bool os::message_box(const char* title, const char* message) {
3861 int result = MessageBox(NULL, message, title,
3862 MB_YESNO | MB_ICONERROR | MB_SYSTEMMODAL | MB_DEFAULT_DESKTOP_ONLY);
3863 return result == IDYES;
3864 }
3865
3866 #ifndef PRODUCT
3867 #ifndef _WIN64
3868 // Helpers to check whether NX protection is enabled
3869 int nx_exception_filter(_EXCEPTION_POINTERS *pex) {
3870 if (pex->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION &&
3871 pex->ExceptionRecord->NumberParameters > 0 &&
3872 pex->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[0] ==
3873 EXCEPTION_INFO_EXEC_VIOLATION) {
3874 return EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER;
3875 }
3876 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
3877 }
3878
3879 void nx_check_protection() {
3880 // If NX is enabled we'll get an exception calling into code on the stack
3881 char code[] = { (char)0xC3 }; // ret
3882 void *code_ptr = (void *)code;
3883 __try {
3884 __asm call code_ptr
3885 } __except(nx_exception_filter((_EXCEPTION_POINTERS*)_exception_info())) {
3886 tty->print_raw_cr("NX protection detected.");
3887 }
3888 }
3889 #endif // _WIN64
3890 #endif // PRODUCT
3891
3892 // This is called _before_ the global arguments have been parsed
3893 void os::init(void) {
3894 _initial_pid = _getpid();
3895
3896 init_random(1234567);
3897
3898 win32::initialize_system_info();
3899 win32::setmode_streams();
3900 init_page_sizes((size_t) win32::vm_page_size());
3901
3902 // This may be overridden later when argument processing is done.
3903 FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseLargePagesIndividualAllocation, false);
3904
3905 // Initialize main_process and main_thread
3906 main_process = GetCurrentProcess(); // Remember main_process is a pseudo handle
3907 if (!DuplicateHandle(main_process, GetCurrentThread(), main_process,
3908 &main_thread, THREAD_ALL_ACCESS, false, 0)) {
3909 fatal("DuplicateHandle failed\n");
3910 }
3911 main_thread_id = (int) GetCurrentThreadId();
3912
3913 // initialize fast thread access - only used for 32-bit
3914 win32::initialize_thread_ptr_offset();
3915 }
3916
3917 // To install functions for atexit processing
3918 extern "C" {
3919 static void perfMemory_exit_helper() {
3920 perfMemory_exit();
3921 }
3922 }
3923
3924 static jint initSock();
3925
3926 // this is called _after_ the global arguments have been parsed
3927 jint os::init_2(void) {
3928 // Setup Windows Exceptions
3929
3930 // for debugging float code generation bugs
3931 if (ForceFloatExceptions) {
3932 #ifndef _WIN64
3933 static long fp_control_word = 0;
3934 __asm { fstcw fp_control_word }
3935 // see Intel PPro Manual, Vol. 2, p 7-16
3936 const long precision = 0x20;
3937 const long underflow = 0x10;
3938 const long overflow = 0x08;
3939 const long zero_div = 0x04;
3940 const long denorm = 0x02;
3941 const long invalid = 0x01;
3942 fp_control_word |= invalid;
3943 __asm { fldcw fp_control_word }
3944 #endif
3945 }
3946
3947 // If stack_commit_size is 0, windows will reserve the default size,
3948 // but only commit a small portion of it.
3949 size_t stack_commit_size = align_up(ThreadStackSize*K, os::vm_page_size());
3950 size_t default_reserve_size = os::win32::default_stack_size();
3951 size_t actual_reserve_size = stack_commit_size;
3952 if (stack_commit_size < default_reserve_size) {
3953 // If stack_commit_size == 0, we want this too
3954 actual_reserve_size = default_reserve_size;
3955 }
3956
3957 // Check minimum allowable stack size for thread creation and to initialize
3958 // the java system classes, including StackOverflowError - depends on page
3959 // size. Add two 4K pages for compiler2 recursion in main thread.
3960 // Add in 4*BytesPerWord 4K pages to account for VM stack during
3961 // class initialization depending on 32 or 64 bit VM.
3962 size_t min_stack_allowed =
3963 (size_t)(JavaThread::stack_guard_zone_size() +
3964 JavaThread::stack_shadow_zone_size() +
3965 (4*BytesPerWord COMPILER2_PRESENT(+2)) * 4 * K);
3966
3967 min_stack_allowed = align_up(min_stack_allowed, os::vm_page_size());
3968
3969 if (actual_reserve_size < min_stack_allowed) {
3970 tty->print_cr("\nThe Java thread stack size specified is too small. "
3971 "Specify at least %dk",
3972 min_stack_allowed / K);
3973 return JNI_ERR;
3974 }
3975
3976 JavaThread::set_stack_size_at_create(stack_commit_size);
3977
3978 // Calculate theoretical max. size of Threads to guard gainst artifical
3979 // out-of-memory situations, where all available address-space has been
3980 // reserved by thread stacks.
3981 assert(actual_reserve_size != 0, "Must have a stack");
3982
3983 // Calculate the thread limit when we should start doing Virtual Memory
3984 // banging. Currently when the threads will have used all but 200Mb of space.
3985 //
3986 // TODO: consider performing a similar calculation for commit size instead
3987 // as reserve size, since on a 64-bit platform we'll run into that more
3988 // often than running out of virtual memory space. We can use the
3989 // lower value of the two calculations as the os_thread_limit.
3990 size_t max_address_space = ((size_t)1 << (BitsPerWord - 1)) - (200 * K * K);
3991 win32::_os_thread_limit = (intx)(max_address_space / actual_reserve_size);
3992
3993 // at exit methods are called in the reverse order of their registration.
3994 // there is no limit to the number of functions registered. atexit does
3995 // not set errno.
3996
3997 if (PerfAllowAtExitRegistration) {
3998 // only register atexit functions if PerfAllowAtExitRegistration is set.
3999 // atexit functions can be delayed until process exit time, which
4000 // can be problematic for embedded VM situations. Embedded VMs should
4001 // call DestroyJavaVM() to assure that VM resources are released.
4002
4003 // note: perfMemory_exit_helper atexit function may be removed in
4004 // the future if the appropriate cleanup code can be added to the
4005 // VM_Exit VMOperation's doit method.
4006 if (atexit(perfMemory_exit_helper) != 0) {
4007 warning("os::init_2 atexit(perfMemory_exit_helper) failed");
4008 }
4009 }
4010
4011 #ifndef _WIN64
4012 // Print something if NX is enabled (win32 on AMD64)
4013 NOT_PRODUCT(if (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose) nx_check_protection());
4014 #endif
4015
4016 // initialize thread priority policy
4017 prio_init();
4018
4019 if (UseNUMA && !ForceNUMA) {
4020 UseNUMA = false; // We don't fully support this yet
4021 }
4022
4023 if (UseNUMAInterleaving) {
4024 // first check whether this Windows OS supports VirtualAllocExNuma, if not ignore this flag
4025 bool success = numa_interleaving_init();
4026 if (!success) UseNUMAInterleaving = false;
4027 }
4028
4029 if (initSock() != JNI_OK) {
4030 return JNI_ERR;
4031 }
4032
4033 SymbolEngine::recalc_search_path();
4034
4035 return JNI_OK;
4036 }
4037
4038 // Mark the polling page as unreadable
4039 void os::make_polling_page_unreadable(void) {
4040 DWORD old_status;
4041 if (!VirtualProtect((char *)_polling_page, os::vm_page_size(),
4042 PAGE_NOACCESS, &old_status)) {
4043 fatal("Could not disable polling page");
4044 }
4045 }
4046
4047 // Mark the polling page as readable
4048 void os::make_polling_page_readable(void) {
4049 DWORD old_status;
4050 if (!VirtualProtect((char *)_polling_page, os::vm_page_size(),
4051 PAGE_READONLY, &old_status)) {
4052 fatal("Could not enable polling page");
4053 }
4054 }
4055
4056
4057 int os::stat(const char *path, struct stat *sbuf) {
4058 char pathbuf[MAX_PATH];
4059 if (strlen(path) > MAX_PATH - 1) {
4060 errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
4061 return -1;
4062 }
4063 os::native_path(strcpy(pathbuf, path));
4064 int ret = ::stat(pathbuf, sbuf);
4065 if (sbuf != NULL && UseUTCFileTimestamp) {
4066 // Fix for 6539723. st_mtime returned from stat() is dependent on
4067 // the system timezone and so can return different values for the
4068 // same file if/when daylight savings time changes. This adjustment
4069 // makes sure the same timestamp is returned regardless of the TZ.
4070 //
4071 // See:
4072 // http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/
4073 // default.asp?url=/library/en-us/sysinfo/base/
4074 // time_zone_information_str.asp
4075 // and
4076 // http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=
4077 // /library/en-us/sysinfo/base/settimezoneinformation.asp
4078 //
4079 // NOTE: there is a insidious bug here: If the timezone is changed
4080 // after the call to stat() but before 'GetTimeZoneInformation()', then
4081 // the adjustment we do here will be wrong and we'll return the wrong
4082 // value (which will likely end up creating an invalid class data
4083 // archive). Absent a better API for this, or some time zone locking
4084 // mechanism, we'll have to live with this risk.
4085 TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION tz;
4086 DWORD tzid = GetTimeZoneInformation(&tz);
4087 int daylightBias =
4088 (tzid == TIME_ZONE_ID_DAYLIGHT) ? tz.DaylightBias : tz.StandardBias;
4089 sbuf->st_mtime += (tz.Bias + daylightBias) * 60;
4090 }
4091 return ret;
4092 }
4093
4094
4095 #define FT2INT64(ft) \
4096 ((jlong)((jlong)(ft).dwHighDateTime << 32 | (julong)(ft).dwLowDateTime))
4097
4098
4099 // current_thread_cpu_time(bool) and thread_cpu_time(Thread*, bool)
4100 // are used by JVM M&M and JVMTI to get user+sys or user CPU time
4101 // of a thread.
4102 //
4103 // current_thread_cpu_time() and thread_cpu_time(Thread*) returns
4104 // the fast estimate available on the platform.
4105
4106 // current_thread_cpu_time() is not optimized for Windows yet
4107 jlong os::current_thread_cpu_time() {
4108 // return user + sys since the cost is the same
4109 return os::thread_cpu_time(Thread::current(), true /* user+sys */);
4110 }
4111
4112 jlong os::thread_cpu_time(Thread* thread) {
4113 // consistent with what current_thread_cpu_time() returns.
4114 return os::thread_cpu_time(thread, true /* user+sys */);
4115 }
4116
4117 jlong os::current_thread_cpu_time(bool user_sys_cpu_time) {
4118 return os::thread_cpu_time(Thread::current(), user_sys_cpu_time);
4119 }
4120
4121 jlong os::thread_cpu_time(Thread* thread, bool user_sys_cpu_time) {
4122 // This code is copy from clasic VM -> hpi::sysThreadCPUTime
4123 // If this function changes, os::is_thread_cpu_time_supported() should too
4124 FILETIME CreationTime;
4125 FILETIME ExitTime;
4126 FILETIME KernelTime;
4127 FILETIME UserTime;
4128
4129 if (GetThreadTimes(thread->osthread()->thread_handle(), &CreationTime,
4130 &ExitTime, &KernelTime, &UserTime) == 0) {
4131 return -1;
4132 } else if (user_sys_cpu_time) {
4133 return (FT2INT64(UserTime) + FT2INT64(KernelTime)) * 100;
4134 } else {
4135 return FT2INT64(UserTime) * 100;
4136 }
4137 }
4138
4139 void os::current_thread_cpu_time_info(jvmtiTimerInfo *info_ptr) {
4140 info_ptr->max_value = ALL_64_BITS; // the max value -- all 64 bits
4141 info_ptr->may_skip_backward = false; // GetThreadTimes returns absolute time
4142 info_ptr->may_skip_forward = false; // GetThreadTimes returns absolute time
4143 info_ptr->kind = JVMTI_TIMER_TOTAL_CPU; // user+system time is returned
4144 }
4145
4146 void os::thread_cpu_time_info(jvmtiTimerInfo *info_ptr) {
4147 info_ptr->max_value = ALL_64_BITS; // the max value -- all 64 bits
4148 info_ptr->may_skip_backward = false; // GetThreadTimes returns absolute time
4149 info_ptr->may_skip_forward = false; // GetThreadTimes returns absolute time
4150 info_ptr->kind = JVMTI_TIMER_TOTAL_CPU; // user+system time is returned
4151 }
4152
4153 bool os::is_thread_cpu_time_supported() {
4154 // see os::thread_cpu_time
4155 FILETIME CreationTime;
4156 FILETIME ExitTime;
4157 FILETIME KernelTime;
4158 FILETIME UserTime;
4159
4160 if (GetThreadTimes(GetCurrentThread(), &CreationTime, &ExitTime,
4161 &KernelTime, &UserTime) == 0) {
4162 return false;
4163 } else {
4164 return true;
4165 }
4166 }
4167
4168 // Windows does't provide a loadavg primitive so this is stubbed out for now.
4169 // It does have primitives (PDH API) to get CPU usage and run queue length.
4170 // "\\Processor(_Total)\\% Processor Time", "\\System\\Processor Queue Length"
4171 // If we wanted to implement loadavg on Windows, we have a few options:
4172 //
4173 // a) Query CPU usage and run queue length and "fake" an answer by
4174 // returning the CPU usage if it's under 100%, and the run queue
4175 // length otherwise. It turns out that querying is pretty slow
4176 // on Windows, on the order of 200 microseconds on a fast machine.
4177 // Note that on the Windows the CPU usage value is the % usage
4178 // since the last time the API was called (and the first call
4179 // returns 100%), so we'd have to deal with that as well.
4180 //
4181 // b) Sample the "fake" answer using a sampling thread and store
4182 // the answer in a global variable. The call to loadavg would
4183 // just return the value of the global, avoiding the slow query.
4184 //
4185 // c) Sample a better answer using exponential decay to smooth the
4186 // value. This is basically the algorithm used by UNIX kernels.
4187 //
4188 // Note that sampling thread starvation could affect both (b) and (c).
4189 int os::loadavg(double loadavg[], int nelem) {
4190 return -1;
4191 }
4192
4193
4194 // DontYieldALot=false by default: dutifully perform all yields as requested by JVM_Yield()
4195 bool os::dont_yield() {
4196 return DontYieldALot;
4197 }
4198
4199 // This method is a slightly reworked copy of JDK's sysOpen
4200 // from src/windows/hpi/src/sys_api_md.c
4201
4202 int os::open(const char *path, int oflag, int mode) {
4203 char pathbuf[MAX_PATH];
4204
4205 if (strlen(path) > MAX_PATH - 1) {
4206 errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
4207 return -1;
4208 }
4209 os::native_path(strcpy(pathbuf, path));
4210 return ::open(pathbuf, oflag | O_BINARY | O_NOINHERIT, mode);
4211 }
4212
4213 FILE* os::open(int fd, const char* mode) {
4214 return ::_fdopen(fd, mode);
4215 }
4216
4217 // Is a (classpath) directory empty?
4218 bool os::dir_is_empty(const char* path) {
4219 WIN32_FIND_DATA fd;
4220 HANDLE f = FindFirstFile(path, &fd);
4221 if (f == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
4222 return true;
4223 }
4224 FindClose(f);
4225 return false;
4226 }
4227
4228 // create binary file, rewriting existing file if required
4229 int os::create_binary_file(const char* path, bool rewrite_existing) {
4230 int oflags = _O_CREAT | _O_WRONLY | _O_BINARY;
4231 if (!rewrite_existing) {
4232 oflags |= _O_EXCL;
4233 }
4234 return ::open(path, oflags, _S_IREAD | _S_IWRITE);
4235 }
4236
4237 // return current position of file pointer
4238 jlong os::current_file_offset(int fd) {
4239 return (jlong)::_lseeki64(fd, (__int64)0L, SEEK_CUR);
4240 }
4241
4242 // move file pointer to the specified offset
4243 jlong os::seek_to_file_offset(int fd, jlong offset) {
4244 return (jlong)::_lseeki64(fd, (__int64)offset, SEEK_SET);
4245 }
4246
4247
4248 jlong os::lseek(int fd, jlong offset, int whence) {
4249 return (jlong) ::_lseeki64(fd, offset, whence);
4250 }
4251
4252 size_t os::read_at(int fd, void *buf, unsigned int nBytes, jlong offset) {
4253 OVERLAPPED ov;
4254 DWORD nread;
4255 BOOL result;
4256
4257 ZeroMemory(&ov, sizeof(ov));
4258 ov.Offset = (DWORD)offset;
4259 ov.OffsetHigh = (DWORD)(offset >> 32);
4260
4261 HANDLE h = (HANDLE)::_get_osfhandle(fd);
4262
4263 result = ReadFile(h, (LPVOID)buf, nBytes, &nread, &ov);
4264
4265 return result ? nread : 0;
4266 }
4267
4268
4269 // This method is a slightly reworked copy of JDK's sysNativePath
4270 // from src/windows/hpi/src/path_md.c
4271
4272 // Convert a pathname to native format. On win32, this involves forcing all
4273 // separators to be '\\' rather than '/' (both are legal inputs, but Win95
4274 // sometimes rejects '/') and removing redundant separators. The input path is
4275 // assumed to have been converted into the character encoding used by the local
4276 // system. Because this might be a double-byte encoding, care is taken to
4277 // treat double-byte lead characters correctly.
4278 //
4279 // This procedure modifies the given path in place, as the result is never
4280 // longer than the original. There is no error return; this operation always
4281 // succeeds.
4282 char * os::native_path(char *path) {
4283 char *src = path, *dst = path, *end = path;
4284 char *colon = NULL; // If a drive specifier is found, this will
4285 // point to the colon following the drive letter
4286
4287 // Assumption: '/', '\\', ':', and drive letters are never lead bytes
4288 assert(((!::IsDBCSLeadByte('/')) && (!::IsDBCSLeadByte('\\'))
4289 && (!::IsDBCSLeadByte(':'))), "Illegal lead byte");
4290
4291 // Check for leading separators
4292 #define isfilesep(c) ((c) == '/' || (c) == '\\')
4293 while (isfilesep(*src)) {
4294 src++;
4295 }
4296
4297 if (::isalpha(*src) && !::IsDBCSLeadByte(*src) && src[1] == ':') {
4298 // Remove leading separators if followed by drive specifier. This
4299 // hack is necessary to support file URLs containing drive
4300 // specifiers (e.g., "file://c:/path"). As a side effect,
4301 // "/c:/path" can be used as an alternative to "c:/path".
4302 *dst++ = *src++;
4303 colon = dst;
4304 *dst++ = ':';
4305 src++;
4306 } else {
4307 src = path;
4308 if (isfilesep(src[0]) && isfilesep(src[1])) {
4309 // UNC pathname: Retain first separator; leave src pointed at
4310 // second separator so that further separators will be collapsed
4311 // into the second separator. The result will be a pathname
4312 // beginning with "\\\\" followed (most likely) by a host name.
4313 src = dst = path + 1;
4314 path[0] = '\\'; // Force first separator to '\\'
4315 }
4316 }
4317
4318 end = dst;
4319
4320 // Remove redundant separators from remainder of path, forcing all
4321 // separators to be '\\' rather than '/'. Also, single byte space
4322 // characters are removed from the end of the path because those
4323 // are not legal ending characters on this operating system.
4324 //
4325 while (*src != '\0') {
4326 if (isfilesep(*src)) {
4327 *dst++ = '\\'; src++;
4328 while (isfilesep(*src)) src++;
4329 if (*src == '\0') {
4330 // Check for trailing separator
4331 end = dst;
4332 if (colon == dst - 2) break; // "z:\\"
4333 if (dst == path + 1) break; // "\\"
4334 if (dst == path + 2 && isfilesep(path[0])) {
4335 // "\\\\" is not collapsed to "\\" because "\\\\" marks the
4336 // beginning of a UNC pathname. Even though it is not, by
4337 // itself, a valid UNC pathname, we leave it as is in order
4338 // to be consistent with the path canonicalizer as well
4339 // as the win32 APIs, which treat this case as an invalid
4340 // UNC pathname rather than as an alias for the root
4341 // directory of the current drive.
4342 break;
4343 }
4344 end = --dst; // Path does not denote a root directory, so
4345 // remove trailing separator
4346 break;
4347 }
4348 end = dst;
4349 } else {
4350 if (::IsDBCSLeadByte(*src)) { // Copy a double-byte character
4351 *dst++ = *src++;
4352 if (*src) *dst++ = *src++;
4353 end = dst;
4354 } else { // Copy a single-byte character
4355 char c = *src++;
4356 *dst++ = c;
4357 // Space is not a legal ending character
4358 if (c != ' ') end = dst;
4359 }
4360 }
4361 }
4362
4363 *end = '\0';
4364
4365 // For "z:", add "." to work around a bug in the C runtime library
4366 if (colon == dst - 1) {
4367 path[2] = '.';
4368 path[3] = '\0';
4369 }
4370
4371 return path;
4372 }
4373
4374 // This code is a copy of JDK's sysSetLength
4375 // from src/windows/hpi/src/sys_api_md.c
4376
4377 int os::ftruncate(int fd, jlong length) {
4378 HANDLE h = (HANDLE)::_get_osfhandle(fd);
4379 long high = (long)(length >> 32);
4380 DWORD ret;
4381
4382 if (h == (HANDLE)(-1)) {
4383 return -1;
4384 }
4385
4386 ret = ::SetFilePointer(h, (long)(length), &high, FILE_BEGIN);
4387 if ((ret == 0xFFFFFFFF) && (::GetLastError() != NO_ERROR)) {
4388 return -1;
4389 }
4390
4391 if (::SetEndOfFile(h) == FALSE) {
4392 return -1;
4393 }
4394
4395 return 0;
4396 }
4397
4398 int os::get_fileno(FILE* fp) {
4399 return _fileno(fp);
4400 }
4401
4402 // This code is a copy of JDK's sysSync
4403 // from src/windows/hpi/src/sys_api_md.c
4404 // except for the legacy workaround for a bug in Win 98
4405
4406 int os::fsync(int fd) {
4407 HANDLE handle = (HANDLE)::_get_osfhandle(fd);
4408
4409 if ((!::FlushFileBuffers(handle)) &&
4410 (GetLastError() != ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)) {
4411 // from winerror.h
4412 return -1;
4413 }
4414 return 0;
4415 }
4416
4417 static int nonSeekAvailable(int, long *);
4418 static int stdinAvailable(int, long *);
4419
4420 #define S_ISCHR(mode) (((mode) & _S_IFCHR) == _S_IFCHR)
4421 #define S_ISFIFO(mode) (((mode) & _S_IFIFO) == _S_IFIFO)
4422
4423 // This code is a copy of JDK's sysAvailable
4424 // from src/windows/hpi/src/sys_api_md.c
4425
4426 int os::available(int fd, jlong *bytes) {
4427 jlong cur, end;
4428 struct _stati64 stbuf64;
4429
4430 if (::_fstati64(fd, &stbuf64) >= 0) {
4431 int mode = stbuf64.st_mode;
4432 if (S_ISCHR(mode) || S_ISFIFO(mode)) {
4433 int ret;
4434 long lpbytes;
4435 if (fd == 0) {
4436 ret = stdinAvailable(fd, &lpbytes);
4437 } else {
4438 ret = nonSeekAvailable(fd, &lpbytes);
4439 }
4440 (*bytes) = (jlong)(lpbytes);
4441 return ret;
4442 }
4443 if ((cur = ::_lseeki64(fd, 0L, SEEK_CUR)) == -1) {
4444 return FALSE;
4445 } else if ((end = ::_lseeki64(fd, 0L, SEEK_END)) == -1) {
4446 return FALSE;
4447 } else if (::_lseeki64(fd, cur, SEEK_SET) == -1) {
4448 return FALSE;
4449 }
4450 *bytes = end - cur;
4451 return TRUE;
4452 } else {
4453 return FALSE;
4454 }
4455 }
4456
4457 void os::flockfile(FILE* fp) {
4458 _lock_file(fp);
4459 }
4460
4461 void os::funlockfile(FILE* fp) {
4462 _unlock_file(fp);
4463 }
4464
4465 // This code is a copy of JDK's nonSeekAvailable
4466 // from src/windows/hpi/src/sys_api_md.c
4467
4468 static int nonSeekAvailable(int fd, long *pbytes) {
4469 // This is used for available on non-seekable devices
4470 // (like both named and anonymous pipes, such as pipes
4471 // connected to an exec'd process).
4472 // Standard Input is a special case.
4473 HANDLE han;
4474
4475 if ((han = (HANDLE) ::_get_osfhandle(fd)) == (HANDLE)(-1)) {
4476 return FALSE;
4477 }
4478
4479 if (! ::PeekNamedPipe(han, NULL, 0, NULL, (LPDWORD)pbytes, NULL)) {
4480 // PeekNamedPipe fails when at EOF. In that case we
4481 // simply make *pbytes = 0 which is consistent with the
4482 // behavior we get on Solaris when an fd is at EOF.
4483 // The only alternative is to raise an Exception,
4484 // which isn't really warranted.
4485 //
4486 if (::GetLastError() != ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE) {
4487 return FALSE;
4488 }
4489 *pbytes = 0;
4490 }
4491 return TRUE;
4492 }
4493
4494 #define MAX_INPUT_EVENTS 2000
4495
4496 // This code is a copy of JDK's stdinAvailable
4497 // from src/windows/hpi/src/sys_api_md.c
4498
4499 static int stdinAvailable(int fd, long *pbytes) {
4500 HANDLE han;
4501 DWORD numEventsRead = 0; // Number of events read from buffer
4502 DWORD numEvents = 0; // Number of events in buffer
4503 DWORD i = 0; // Loop index
4504 DWORD curLength = 0; // Position marker
4505 DWORD actualLength = 0; // Number of bytes readable
4506 BOOL error = FALSE; // Error holder
4507 INPUT_RECORD *lpBuffer; // Pointer to records of input events
4508
4509 if ((han = ::GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE)) == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
4510 return FALSE;
4511 }
4512
4513 // Construct an array of input records in the console buffer
4514 error = ::GetNumberOfConsoleInputEvents(han, &numEvents);
4515 if (error == 0) {
4516 return nonSeekAvailable(fd, pbytes);
4517 }
4518
4519 // lpBuffer must fit into 64K or else PeekConsoleInput fails
4520 if (numEvents > MAX_INPUT_EVENTS) {
4521 numEvents = MAX_INPUT_EVENTS;
4522 }
4523
4524 lpBuffer = (INPUT_RECORD *)os::malloc(numEvents * sizeof(INPUT_RECORD), mtInternal);
4525 if (lpBuffer == NULL) {
4526 return FALSE;
4527 }
4528
4529 error = ::PeekConsoleInput(han, lpBuffer, numEvents, &numEventsRead);
4530 if (error == 0) {
4531 os::free(lpBuffer);
4532 return FALSE;
4533 }
4534
4535 // Examine input records for the number of bytes available
4536 for (i=0; i<numEvents; i++) {
4537 if (lpBuffer[i].EventType == KEY_EVENT) {
4538
4539 KEY_EVENT_RECORD *keyRecord = (KEY_EVENT_RECORD *)
4540 &(lpBuffer[i].Event);
4541 if (keyRecord->bKeyDown == TRUE) {
4542 CHAR *keyPressed = (CHAR *) &(keyRecord->uChar);
4543 curLength++;
4544 if (*keyPressed == '\r') {
4545 actualLength = curLength;
4546 }
4547 }
4548 }
4549 }
4550
4551 if (lpBuffer != NULL) {
4552 os::free(lpBuffer);
4553 }
4554
4555 *pbytes = (long) actualLength;
4556 return TRUE;
4557 }
4558
4559 // Map a block of memory.
4560 char* os::pd_map_memory(int fd, const char* file_name, size_t file_offset,
4561 char *addr, size_t bytes, bool read_only,
4562 bool allow_exec) {
4563 HANDLE hFile;
4564 char* base;
4565
4566 hFile = CreateFile(file_name, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL,
4567 OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
4568 if (hFile == NULL) {
4569 log_info(os)("CreateFile() failed: GetLastError->%ld.", GetLastError());
4570 return NULL;
4571 }
4572
4573 if (allow_exec) {
4574 // CreateFileMapping/MapViewOfFileEx can't map executable memory
4575 // unless it comes from a PE image (which the shared archive is not.)
4576 // Even VirtualProtect refuses to give execute access to mapped memory
4577 // that was not previously executable.
4578 //
4579 // Instead, stick the executable region in anonymous memory. Yuck.
4580 // Penalty is that ~4 pages will not be shareable - in the future
4581 // we might consider DLLizing the shared archive with a proper PE
4582 // header so that mapping executable + sharing is possible.
4583
4584 base = (char*) VirtualAlloc(addr, bytes, MEM_COMMIT | MEM_RESERVE,
4585 PAGE_READWRITE);
4586 if (base == NULL) {
4587 log_info(os)("VirtualAlloc() failed: GetLastError->%ld.", GetLastError());
4588 CloseHandle(hFile);
4589 return NULL;
4590 }
4591
4592 DWORD bytes_read;
4593 OVERLAPPED overlapped;
4594 overlapped.Offset = (DWORD)file_offset;
4595 overlapped.OffsetHigh = 0;
4596 overlapped.hEvent = NULL;
4597 // ReadFile guarantees that if the return value is true, the requested
4598 // number of bytes were read before returning.
4599 bool res = ReadFile(hFile, base, (DWORD)bytes, &bytes_read, &overlapped) != 0;
4600 if (!res) {
4601 log_info(os)("ReadFile() failed: GetLastError->%ld.", GetLastError());
4602 release_memory(base, bytes);
4603 CloseHandle(hFile);
4604 return NULL;
4605 }
4606 } else {
4607 HANDLE hMap = CreateFileMapping(hFile, NULL, PAGE_WRITECOPY, 0, 0,
4608 NULL /* file_name */);
4609 if (hMap == NULL) {
4610 log_info(os)("CreateFileMapping() failed: GetLastError->%ld.", GetLastError());
4611 CloseHandle(hFile);
4612 return NULL;
4613 }
4614
4615 DWORD access = read_only ? FILE_MAP_READ : FILE_MAP_COPY;
4616 base = (char*)MapViewOfFileEx(hMap, access, 0, (DWORD)file_offset,
4617 (DWORD)bytes, addr);
4618 if (base == NULL) {
4619 log_info(os)("MapViewOfFileEx() failed: GetLastError->%ld.", GetLastError());
4620 CloseHandle(hMap);
4621 CloseHandle(hFile);
4622 return NULL;
4623 }
4624
4625 if (CloseHandle(hMap) == 0) {
4626 log_info(os)("CloseHandle(hMap) failed: GetLastError->%ld.", GetLastError());
4627 CloseHandle(hFile);
4628 return base;
4629 }
4630 }
4631
4632 if (allow_exec) {
4633 DWORD old_protect;
4634 DWORD exec_access = read_only ? PAGE_EXECUTE_READ : PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE;
4635 bool res = VirtualProtect(base, bytes, exec_access, &old_protect) != 0;
4636
4637 if (!res) {
4638 log_info(os)("VirtualProtect() failed: GetLastError->%ld.", GetLastError());
4639 // Don't consider this a hard error, on IA32 even if the
4640 // VirtualProtect fails, we should still be able to execute
4641 CloseHandle(hFile);
4642 return base;
4643 }
4644 }
4645
4646 if (CloseHandle(hFile) == 0) {
4647 log_info(os)("CloseHandle(hFile) failed: GetLastError->%ld.", GetLastError());
4648 return base;
4649 }
4650
4651 return base;
4652 }
4653
4654
4655 // Remap a block of memory.
4656 char* os::pd_remap_memory(int fd, const char* file_name, size_t file_offset,
4657 char *addr, size_t bytes, bool read_only,
4658 bool allow_exec) {
4659 // This OS does not allow existing memory maps to be remapped so we
4660 // have to unmap the memory before we remap it.
4661 if (!os::unmap_memory(addr, bytes)) {
4662 return NULL;
4663 }
4664
4665 // There is a very small theoretical window between the unmap_memory()
4666 // call above and the map_memory() call below where a thread in native
4667 // code may be able to access an address that is no longer mapped.
4668
4669 return os::map_memory(fd, file_name, file_offset, addr, bytes,
4670 read_only, allow_exec);
4671 }
4672
4673
4674 // Unmap a block of memory.
4675 // Returns true=success, otherwise false.
4676
4677 bool os::pd_unmap_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes) {
4678 MEMORY_BASIC_INFORMATION mem_info;
4679 if (VirtualQuery(addr, &mem_info, sizeof(mem_info)) == 0) {
4680 log_info(os)("VirtualQuery() failed: GetLastError->%ld.", GetLastError());
4681 return false;
4682 }
4683
4684 // Executable memory was not mapped using CreateFileMapping/MapViewOfFileEx.
4685 // Instead, executable region was allocated using VirtualAlloc(). See
4686 // pd_map_memory() above.
4687 //
4688 // The following flags should match the 'exec_access' flages used for
4689 // VirtualProtect() in pd_map_memory().
4690 if (mem_info.Protect == PAGE_EXECUTE_READ ||
4691 mem_info.Protect == PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE) {
4692 return pd_release_memory(addr, bytes);
4693 }
4694
4695 BOOL result = UnmapViewOfFile(addr);
4696 if (result == 0) {
4697 log_info(os)("UnmapViewOfFile() failed: GetLastError->%ld.", GetLastError());
4698 return false;
4699 }
4700 return true;
4701 }
4702
4703 void os::pause() {
4704 char filename[MAX_PATH];
4705 if (PauseAtStartupFile && PauseAtStartupFile[0]) {
4706 jio_snprintf(filename, MAX_PATH, PauseAtStartupFile);
4707 } else {
4708 jio_snprintf(filename, MAX_PATH, "./vm.paused.%d", current_process_id());
4709 }
4710
4711 int fd = ::open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
4712 if (fd != -1) {
4713 struct stat buf;
4714 ::close(fd);
4715 while (::stat(filename, &buf) == 0) {
4716 Sleep(100);
4717 }
4718 } else {
4719 jio_fprintf(stderr,
4720 "Could not open pause file '%s', continuing immediately.\n", filename);
4721 }
4722 }
4723
4724 Thread* os::ThreadCrashProtection::_protected_thread = NULL;
4725 os::ThreadCrashProtection* os::ThreadCrashProtection::_crash_protection = NULL;
4726 volatile intptr_t os::ThreadCrashProtection::_crash_mux = 0;
4727
4728 os::ThreadCrashProtection::ThreadCrashProtection() {
4729 }
4730
4731 // See the caveats for this class in os_windows.hpp
4732 // Protects the callback call so that raised OS EXCEPTIONS causes a jump back
4733 // into this method and returns false. If no OS EXCEPTION was raised, returns
4734 // true.
4735 // The callback is supposed to provide the method that should be protected.
4736 //
4737 bool os::ThreadCrashProtection::call(os::CrashProtectionCallback& cb) {
4738
4739 Thread::muxAcquire(&_crash_mux, "CrashProtection");
4740
4741 _protected_thread = Thread::current_or_null();
4742 assert(_protected_thread != NULL, "Cannot crash protect a NULL thread");
4743
4744 bool success = true;
4745 __try {
4746 _crash_protection = this;
4747 cb.call();
4748 } __except(EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER) {
4749 // only for protection, nothing to do
4750 success = false;
4751 }
4752 _crash_protection = NULL;
4753 _protected_thread = NULL;
4754 Thread::muxRelease(&_crash_mux);
4755 return success;
4756 }
4757
4758 // An Event wraps a win32 "CreateEvent" kernel handle.
4759 //
4760 // We have a number of choices regarding "CreateEvent" win32 handle leakage:
4761 //
4762 // 1: When a thread dies return the Event to the EventFreeList, clear the ParkHandle
4763 // field, and call CloseHandle() on the win32 event handle. Unpark() would
4764 // need to be modified to tolerate finding a NULL (invalid) win32 event handle.
4765 // In addition, an unpark() operation might fetch the handle field, but the
4766 // event could recycle between the fetch and the SetEvent() operation.
4767 // SetEvent() would either fail because the handle was invalid, or inadvertently work,
4768 // as the win32 handle value had been recycled. In an ideal world calling SetEvent()
4769 // on an stale but recycled handle would be harmless, but in practice this might
4770 // confuse other non-Sun code, so it's not a viable approach.
4771 //
4772 // 2: Once a win32 event handle is associated with an Event, it remains associated
4773 // with the Event. The event handle is never closed. This could be construed
4774 // as handle leakage, but only up to the maximum # of threads that have been extant
4775 // at any one time. This shouldn't be an issue, as windows platforms typically
4776 // permit a process to have hundreds of thousands of open handles.
4777 //
4778 // 3: Same as (1), but periodically, at stop-the-world time, rundown the EventFreeList
4779 // and release unused handles.
4780 //
4781 // 4: Add a CRITICAL_SECTION to the Event to protect LD+SetEvent from LD;ST(null);CloseHandle.
4782 // It's not clear, however, that we wouldn't be trading one type of leak for another.
4783 //
4784 // 5. Use an RCU-like mechanism (Read-Copy Update).
4785 // Or perhaps something similar to Maged Michael's "Hazard pointers".
4786 //
4787 // We use (2).
4788 //
4789 // TODO-FIXME:
4790 // 1. Reconcile Doug's JSR166 j.u.c park-unpark with the objectmonitor implementation.
4791 // 2. Consider wrapping the WaitForSingleObject(Ex) calls in SEH try/finally blocks
4792 // to recover from (or at least detect) the dreaded Windows 841176 bug.
4793 // 3. Collapse the interrupt_event, the JSR166 parker event, and the objectmonitor ParkEvent
4794 // into a single win32 CreateEvent() handle.
4795 //
4796 // Assumption:
4797 // Only one parker can exist on an event, which is why we allocate
4798 // them per-thread. Multiple unparkers can coexist.
4799 //
4800 // _Event transitions in park()
4801 // -1 => -1 : illegal
4802 // 1 => 0 : pass - return immediately
4803 // 0 => -1 : block; then set _Event to 0 before returning
4804 //
4805 // _Event transitions in unpark()
4806 // 0 => 1 : just return
4807 // 1 => 1 : just return
4808 // -1 => either 0 or 1; must signal target thread
4809 // That is, we can safely transition _Event from -1 to either
4810 // 0 or 1.
4811 //
4812 // _Event serves as a restricted-range semaphore.
4813 // -1 : thread is blocked, i.e. there is a waiter
4814 // 0 : neutral: thread is running or ready,
4815 // could have been signaled after a wait started
4816 // 1 : signaled - thread is running or ready
4817 //
4818 // Another possible encoding of _Event would be with
4819 // explicit "PARKED" == 01b and "SIGNALED" == 10b bits.
4820 //
4821
4822 int os::PlatformEvent::park(jlong Millis) {
4823 // Transitions for _Event:
4824 // -1 => -1 : illegal
4825 // 1 => 0 : pass - return immediately
4826 // 0 => -1 : block; then set _Event to 0 before returning
4827
4828 guarantee(_ParkHandle != NULL , "Invariant");
4829 guarantee(Millis > 0 , "Invariant");
4830
4831 // CONSIDER: defer assigning a CreateEvent() handle to the Event until
4832 // the initial park() operation.
4833 // Consider: use atomic decrement instead of CAS-loop
4834
4835 int v;
4836 for (;;) {
4837 v = _Event;
4838 if (Atomic::cmpxchg(v-1, &_Event, v) == v) break;
4839 }
4840 guarantee((v == 0) || (v == 1), "invariant");
4841 if (v != 0) return OS_OK;
4842
4843 // Do this the hard way by blocking ...
4844 // TODO: consider a brief spin here, gated on the success of recent
4845 // spin attempts by this thread.
4846 //
4847 // We decompose long timeouts into series of shorter timed waits.
4848 // Evidently large timo values passed in WaitForSingleObject() are problematic on some
4849 // versions of Windows. See EventWait() for details. This may be superstition. Or not.
4850 // We trust the WAIT_TIMEOUT indication and don't track the elapsed wait time
4851 // with os::javaTimeNanos(). Furthermore, we assume that spurious returns from
4852 // ::WaitForSingleObject() caused by latent ::setEvent() operations will tend
4853 // to happen early in the wait interval. Specifically, after a spurious wakeup (rv ==
4854 // WAIT_OBJECT_0 but _Event is still < 0) we don't bother to recompute Millis to compensate
4855 // for the already waited time. This policy does not admit any new outcomes.
4856 // In the future, however, we might want to track the accumulated wait time and
4857 // adjust Millis accordingly if we encounter a spurious wakeup.
4858
4859 const int MAXTIMEOUT = 0x10000000;
4860 DWORD rv = WAIT_TIMEOUT;
4861 while (_Event < 0 && Millis > 0) {
4862 DWORD prd = Millis; // set prd = MAX (Millis, MAXTIMEOUT)
4863 if (Millis > MAXTIMEOUT) {
4864 prd = MAXTIMEOUT;
4865 }
4866 rv = ::WaitForSingleObject(_ParkHandle, prd);
4867 assert(rv == WAIT_OBJECT_0 || rv == WAIT_TIMEOUT, "WaitForSingleObject failed");
4868 if (rv == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
4869 Millis -= prd;
4870 }
4871 }
4872 v = _Event;
4873 _Event = 0;
4874 // see comment at end of os::PlatformEvent::park() below:
4875 OrderAccess::fence();
4876 // If we encounter a nearly simultanous timeout expiry and unpark()
4877 // we return OS_OK indicating we awoke via unpark().
4878 // Implementor's license -- returning OS_TIMEOUT would be equally valid, however.
4879 return (v >= 0) ? OS_OK : OS_TIMEOUT;
4880 }
4881
4882 void os::PlatformEvent::park() {
4883 // Transitions for _Event:
4884 // -1 => -1 : illegal
4885 // 1 => 0 : pass - return immediately
4886 // 0 => -1 : block; then set _Event to 0 before returning
4887
4888 guarantee(_ParkHandle != NULL, "Invariant");
4889 // Invariant: Only the thread associated with the Event/PlatformEvent
4890 // may call park().
4891 // Consider: use atomic decrement instead of CAS-loop
4892 int v;
4893 for (;;) {
4894 v = _Event;
4895 if (Atomic::cmpxchg(v-1, &_Event, v) == v) break;
4896 }
4897 guarantee((v == 0) || (v == 1), "invariant");
4898 if (v != 0) return;
4899
4900 // Do this the hard way by blocking ...
4901 // TODO: consider a brief spin here, gated on the success of recent
4902 // spin attempts by this thread.
4903 while (_Event < 0) {
4904 DWORD rv = ::WaitForSingleObject(_ParkHandle, INFINITE);
4905 assert(rv == WAIT_OBJECT_0, "WaitForSingleObject failed");
4906 }
4907
4908 // Usually we'll find _Event == 0 at this point, but as
4909 // an optional optimization we clear it, just in case can
4910 // multiple unpark() operations drove _Event up to 1.
4911 _Event = 0;
4912 OrderAccess::fence();
4913 guarantee(_Event >= 0, "invariant");
4914 }
4915
4916 void os::PlatformEvent::unpark() {
4917 guarantee(_ParkHandle != NULL, "Invariant");
4918
4919 // Transitions for _Event:
4920 // 0 => 1 : just return
4921 // 1 => 1 : just return
4922 // -1 => either 0 or 1; must signal target thread
4923 // That is, we can safely transition _Event from -1 to either
4924 // 0 or 1.
4925 // See also: "Semaphores in Plan 9" by Mullender & Cox
4926 //
4927 // Note: Forcing a transition from "-1" to "1" on an unpark() means
4928 // that it will take two back-to-back park() calls for the owning
4929 // thread to block. This has the benefit of forcing a spurious return
4930 // from the first park() call after an unpark() call which will help
4931 // shake out uses of park() and unpark() without condition variables.
4932
4933 if (Atomic::xchg(1, &_Event) >= 0) return;
4934
4935 ::SetEvent(_ParkHandle);
4936 }
4937
4938
4939 // JSR166
4940 // -------------------------------------------------------
4941
4942 // The Windows implementation of Park is very straightforward: Basic
4943 // operations on Win32 Events turn out to have the right semantics to
4944 // use them directly. We opportunistically resuse the event inherited
4945 // from Monitor.
4946
4947 void Parker::park(bool isAbsolute, jlong time) {
4948 guarantee(_ParkEvent != NULL, "invariant");
4949 // First, demultiplex/decode time arguments
4950 if (time < 0) { // don't wait
4951 return;
4952 } else if (time == 0 && !isAbsolute) {
4953 time = INFINITE;
4954 } else if (isAbsolute) {
4955 time -= os::javaTimeMillis(); // convert to relative time
4956 if (time <= 0) { // already elapsed
4957 return;
4958 }
4959 } else { // relative
4960 time /= 1000000; // Must coarsen from nanos to millis
4961 if (time == 0) { // Wait for the minimal time unit if zero
4962 time = 1;
4963 }
4964 }
4965
4966 JavaThread* thread = JavaThread::current();
4967
4968 // Don't wait if interrupted or already triggered
4969 if (Thread::is_interrupted(thread, false) ||
4970 WaitForSingleObject(_ParkEvent, 0) == WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
4971 ResetEvent(_ParkEvent);
4972 return;
4973 } else {
4974 ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(thread);
4975 OSThreadWaitState osts(thread->osthread(), false /* not Object.wait() */);
4976 thread->set_suspend_equivalent();
4977
4978 WaitForSingleObject(_ParkEvent, time);
4979 ResetEvent(_ParkEvent);
4980
4981 // If externally suspended while waiting, re-suspend
4982 if (thread->handle_special_suspend_equivalent_condition()) {
4983 thread->java_suspend_self();
4984 }
4985 }
4986 }
4987
4988 void Parker::unpark() {
4989 guarantee(_ParkEvent != NULL, "invariant");
4990 SetEvent(_ParkEvent);
4991 }
4992
4993 // Run the specified command in a separate process. Return its exit value,
4994 // or -1 on failure (e.g. can't create a new process).
4995 int os::fork_and_exec(char* cmd) {
4996 STARTUPINFO si;
4997 PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
4998 DWORD exit_code;
4999
5000 char * cmd_string;
5001 char * cmd_prefix = "cmd /C ";
5002 size_t len = strlen(cmd) + strlen(cmd_prefix) + 1;
5003 cmd_string = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, len, mtInternal);
5004 if (cmd_string == NULL) {
5005 return -1;
5006 }
5007 cmd_string[0] = '\0';
5008 strcat(cmd_string, cmd_prefix);
5009 strcat(cmd_string, cmd);
5010
5011 // now replace all '\n' with '&'
5012 char * substring = cmd_string;
5013 while ((substring = strchr(substring, '\n')) != NULL) {
5014 substring[0] = '&';
5015 substring++;
5016 }
5017 memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
5018 si.cb = sizeof(si);
5019 memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
5020 BOOL rslt = CreateProcess(NULL, // executable name - use command line
5021 cmd_string, // command line
5022 NULL, // process security attribute
5023 NULL, // thread security attribute
5024 TRUE, // inherits system handles
5025 0, // no creation flags
5026 NULL, // use parent's environment block
5027 NULL, // use parent's starting directory
5028 &si, // (in) startup information
5029 &pi); // (out) process information
5030
5031 if (rslt) {
5032 // Wait until child process exits.
5033 WaitForSingleObject(pi.hProcess, INFINITE);
5034
5035 GetExitCodeProcess(pi.hProcess, &exit_code);
5036
5037 // Close process and thread handles.
5038 CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);
5039 CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
5040 } else {
5041 exit_code = -1;
5042 }
5043
5044 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, cmd_string);
5045 return (int)exit_code;
5046 }
5047
5048 bool os::find(address addr, outputStream* st) {
5049 int offset = -1;
5050 bool result = false;
5051 char buf[256];
5052 if (os::dll_address_to_library_name(addr, buf, sizeof(buf), &offset)) {
5053 st->print(PTR_FORMAT " ", addr);
5054 if (strlen(buf) < sizeof(buf) - 1) {
5055 char* p = strrchr(buf, '\\');
5056 if (p) {
5057 st->print("%s", p + 1);
5058 } else {
5059 st->print("%s", buf);
5060 }
5061 } else {
5062 // The library name is probably truncated. Let's omit the library name.
5063 // See also JDK-8147512.
5064 }
5065 if (os::dll_address_to_function_name(addr, buf, sizeof(buf), &offset)) {
5066 st->print("::%s + 0x%x", buf, offset);
5067 }
5068 st->cr();
5069 result = true;
5070 }
5071 return result;
5072 }
5073
5074 LONG WINAPI os::win32::serialize_fault_filter(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS* e) {
5075 DWORD exception_code = e->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode;
5076
5077 if (exception_code == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) {
5078 JavaThread* thread = JavaThread::current();
5079 PEXCEPTION_RECORD exceptionRecord = e->ExceptionRecord;
5080 address addr = (address) exceptionRecord->ExceptionInformation[1];
5081
5082 if (os::is_memory_serialize_page(thread, addr)) {
5083 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION;
5084 }
5085 }
5086
5087 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
5088 }
5089
5090 // We don't build a headless jre for Windows
5091 bool os::is_headless_jre() { return false; }
5092
5093 static jint initSock() {
5094 WSADATA wsadata;
5095
5096 if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsadata) != 0) {
5097 jio_fprintf(stderr, "Could not initialize Winsock (error: %d)\n",
5098 ::GetLastError());
5099 return JNI_ERR;
5100 }
5101 return JNI_OK;
5102 }
5103
5104 struct hostent* os::get_host_by_name(char* name) {
5105 return (struct hostent*)gethostbyname(name);
5106 }
5107
5108 int os::socket_close(int fd) {
5109 return ::closesocket(fd);
5110 }
5111
5112 int os::socket(int domain, int type, int protocol) {
5113 return ::socket(domain, type, protocol);
5114 }
5115
5116 int os::connect(int fd, struct sockaddr* him, socklen_t len) {
5117 return ::connect(fd, him, len);
5118 }
5119
5120 int os::recv(int fd, char* buf, size_t nBytes, uint flags) {
5121 return ::recv(fd, buf, (int)nBytes, flags);
5122 }
5123
5124 int os::send(int fd, char* buf, size_t nBytes, uint flags) {
5125 return ::send(fd, buf, (int)nBytes, flags);
5126 }
5127
5128 int os::raw_send(int fd, char* buf, size_t nBytes, uint flags) {
5129 return ::send(fd, buf, (int)nBytes, flags);
5130 }
5131
5132 // WINDOWS CONTEXT Flags for THREAD_SAMPLING
5133 #if defined(IA32)
5134 #define sampling_context_flags (CONTEXT_FULL | CONTEXT_FLOATING_POINT | CONTEXT_EXTENDED_REGISTERS)
5135 #elif defined (AMD64)
5136 #define sampling_context_flags (CONTEXT_FULL | CONTEXT_FLOATING_POINT)
5137 #endif
5138
5139 // returns true if thread could be suspended,
5140 // false otherwise
5141 static bool do_suspend(HANDLE* h) {
5142 if (h != NULL) {
5143 if (SuspendThread(*h) != ~0) {
5144 return true;
5145 }
5146 }
5147 return false;
5148 }
5149
5150 // resume the thread
5151 // calling resume on an active thread is a no-op
5152 static void do_resume(HANDLE* h) {
5153 if (h != NULL) {
5154 ResumeThread(*h);
5155 }
5156 }
5157
5158 // retrieve a suspend/resume context capable handle
5159 // from the tid. Caller validates handle return value.
5160 void get_thread_handle_for_extended_context(HANDLE* h,
5161 OSThread::thread_id_t tid) {
5162 if (h != NULL) {
5163 *h = OpenThread(THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME | THREAD_GET_CONTEXT | THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE, tid);
5164 }
5165 }
5166
5167 // Thread sampling implementation
5168 //
5169 void os::SuspendedThreadTask::internal_do_task() {
5170 CONTEXT ctxt;
5171 HANDLE h = NULL;
5172
5173 // get context capable handle for thread
5174 get_thread_handle_for_extended_context(&h, _thread->osthread()->thread_id());
5175
5176 // sanity
5177 if (h == NULL || h == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
5178 return;
5179 }
5180
5181 // suspend the thread
5182 if (do_suspend(&h)) {
5183 ctxt.ContextFlags = sampling_context_flags;
5184 // get thread context
5185 GetThreadContext(h, &ctxt);
5186 SuspendedThreadTaskContext context(_thread, &ctxt);
5187 // pass context to Thread Sampling impl
5188 do_task(context);
5189 // resume thread
5190 do_resume(&h);
5191 }
5192
5193 // close handle
5194 CloseHandle(h);
5195 }
5196
5197 bool os::start_debugging(char *buf, int buflen) {
5198 int len = (int)strlen(buf);
5199 char *p = &buf[len];
5200
5201 jio_snprintf(p, buflen-len,
5202 "\n\n"
5203 "Do you want to debug the problem?\n\n"
5204 "To debug, attach Visual Studio to process %d; then switch to thread 0x%x\n"
5205 "Select 'Yes' to launch Visual Studio automatically (PATH must include msdev)\n"
5206 "Otherwise, select 'No' to abort...",
5207 os::current_process_id(), os::current_thread_id());
5208
5209 bool yes = os::message_box("Unexpected Error", buf);
5210
5211 if (yes) {
5212 // os::breakpoint() calls DebugBreak(), which causes a breakpoint
5213 // exception. If VM is running inside a debugger, the debugger will
5214 // catch the exception. Otherwise, the breakpoint exception will reach
5215 // the default windows exception handler, which can spawn a debugger and
5216 // automatically attach to the dying VM.
5217 os::breakpoint();
5218 yes = false;
5219 }
5220 return yes;
5221 }
5222
5223 void* os::get_default_process_handle() {
5224 return (void*)GetModuleHandle(NULL);
5225 }
5226
5227 // Builds a platform dependent Agent_OnLoad_<lib_name> function name
5228 // which is used to find statically linked in agents.
5229 // Additionally for windows, takes into account __stdcall names.
5230 // Parameters:
5231 // sym_name: Symbol in library we are looking for
5232 // lib_name: Name of library to look in, NULL for shared libs.
5233 // is_absolute_path == true if lib_name is absolute path to agent
5234 // such as "C:/a/b/L.dll"
5235 // == false if only the base name of the library is passed in
5236 // such as "L"
5237 char* os::build_agent_function_name(const char *sym_name, const char *lib_name,
5238 bool is_absolute_path) {
5239 char *agent_entry_name;
5240 size_t len;
5241 size_t name_len;
5242 size_t prefix_len = strlen(JNI_LIB_PREFIX);
5243 size_t suffix_len = strlen(JNI_LIB_SUFFIX);
5244 const char *start;
5245
5246 if (lib_name != NULL) {
5247 len = name_len = strlen(lib_name);
5248 if (is_absolute_path) {
5249 // Need to strip path, prefix and suffix
5250 if ((start = strrchr(lib_name, *os::file_separator())) != NULL) {
5251 lib_name = ++start;
5252 } else {
5253 // Need to check for drive prefix
5254 if ((start = strchr(lib_name, ':')) != NULL) {
5255 lib_name = ++start;
5256 }
5257 }
5258 if (len <= (prefix_len + suffix_len)) {
5259 return NULL;
5260 }
5261 lib_name += prefix_len;
5262 name_len = strlen(lib_name) - suffix_len;
5263 }
5264 }
5265 len = (lib_name != NULL ? name_len : 0) + strlen(sym_name) + 2;
5266 agent_entry_name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, len, mtThread);
5267 if (agent_entry_name == NULL) {
5268 return NULL;
5269 }
5270 if (lib_name != NULL) {
5271 const char *p = strrchr(sym_name, '@');
5272 if (p != NULL && p != sym_name) {
5273 // sym_name == _Agent_OnLoad@XX
5274 strncpy(agent_entry_name, sym_name, (p - sym_name));
5275 agent_entry_name[(p-sym_name)] = '\0';
5276 // agent_entry_name == _Agent_OnLoad
5277 strcat(agent_entry_name, "_");
5278 strncat(agent_entry_name, lib_name, name_len);
5279 strcat(agent_entry_name, p);
5280 // agent_entry_name == _Agent_OnLoad_lib_name@XX
5281 } else {
5282 strcpy(agent_entry_name, sym_name);
5283 strcat(agent_entry_name, "_");
5284 strncat(agent_entry_name, lib_name, name_len);
5285 }
5286 } else {
5287 strcpy(agent_entry_name, sym_name);
5288 }
5289 return agent_entry_name;
5290 }
5291
5292 #ifndef PRODUCT
5293
5294 // test the code path in reserve_memory_special() that tries to allocate memory in a single
5295 // contiguous memory block at a particular address.
5296 // The test first tries to find a good approximate address to allocate at by using the same
5297 // method to allocate some memory at any address. The test then tries to allocate memory in
5298 // the vicinity (not directly after it to avoid possible by-chance use of that location)
5299 // This is of course only some dodgy assumption, there is no guarantee that the vicinity of
5300 // the previously allocated memory is available for allocation. The only actual failure
5301 // that is reported is when the test tries to allocate at a particular location but gets a
5302 // different valid one. A NULL return value at this point is not considered an error but may
5303 // be legitimate.
5304 // If -XX:+VerboseInternalVMTests is enabled, print some explanatory messages.
5305 void TestReserveMemorySpecial_test() {
5306 if (!UseLargePages) {
5307 if (VerboseInternalVMTests) {
5308 tty->print("Skipping test because large pages are disabled");
5309 }
5310 return;
5311 }
5312 // save current value of globals
5313 bool old_use_large_pages_individual_allocation = UseLargePagesIndividualAllocation;
5314 bool old_use_numa_interleaving = UseNUMAInterleaving;
5315
5316 // set globals to make sure we hit the correct code path
5317 UseLargePagesIndividualAllocation = UseNUMAInterleaving = false;
5318
5319 // do an allocation at an address selected by the OS to get a good one.
5320 const size_t large_allocation_size = os::large_page_size() * 4;
5321 char* result = os::reserve_memory_special(large_allocation_size, os::large_page_size(), NULL, false);
5322 if (result == NULL) {
5323 if (VerboseInternalVMTests) {
5324 tty->print("Failed to allocate control block with size " SIZE_FORMAT ". Skipping remainder of test.",
5325 large_allocation_size);
5326 }
5327 } else {
5328 os::release_memory_special(result, large_allocation_size);
5329
5330 // allocate another page within the recently allocated memory area which seems to be a good location. At least
5331 // we managed to get it once.
5332 const size_t expected_allocation_size = os::large_page_size();
5333 char* expected_location = result + os::large_page_size();
5334 char* actual_location = os::reserve_memory_special(expected_allocation_size, os::large_page_size(), expected_location, false);
5335 if (actual_location == NULL) {
5336 if (VerboseInternalVMTests) {
5337 tty->print("Failed to allocate any memory at " PTR_FORMAT " size " SIZE_FORMAT ". Skipping remainder of test.",
5338 expected_location, large_allocation_size);
5339 }
5340 } else {
5341 // release memory
5342 os::release_memory_special(actual_location, expected_allocation_size);
5343 // only now check, after releasing any memory to avoid any leaks.
5344 assert(actual_location == expected_location,
5345 "Failed to allocate memory at requested location " PTR_FORMAT " of size " SIZE_FORMAT ", is " PTR_FORMAT " instead",
5346 expected_location, expected_allocation_size, actual_location);
5347 }
5348 }
5349
5350 // restore globals
5351 UseLargePagesIndividualAllocation = old_use_large_pages_individual_allocation;
5352 UseNUMAInterleaving = old_use_numa_interleaving;
5353 }
5354 #endif // PRODUCT
5355
5356 /*
5357 All the defined signal names for Windows.
5358
5359 NOTE that not all of these names are accepted by FindSignal!
5360
5361 For various reasons some of these may be rejected at runtime.
5362
5363 Here are the names currently accepted by a user of sun.misc.Signal with
5364 1.4.1 (ignoring potential interaction with use of chaining, etc):
5365
5366 (LIST TBD)
5367
5368 */
5369 int os::get_signal_number(const char* name) {
5370 static const struct {
5371 char* name;
5372 int number;
5373 } siglabels [] =
5374 // derived from version 6.0 VC98/include/signal.h
5375 {"ABRT", SIGABRT, // abnormal termination triggered by abort cl
5376 "FPE", SIGFPE, // floating point exception
5377 "SEGV", SIGSEGV, // segment violation
5378 "INT", SIGINT, // interrupt
5379 "TERM", SIGTERM, // software term signal from kill
5380 "BREAK", SIGBREAK, // Ctrl-Break sequence
5381 "ILL", SIGILL}; // illegal instruction
5382 for (unsigned i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(siglabels); ++i) {
5383 if (strcmp(name, siglabels[i].name) == 0) {
5384 return siglabels[i].number;
5385 }
5386 }
5387 return -1;
5388 }
5389
5390 // Fast current thread access
5391
5392 int os::win32::_thread_ptr_offset = 0;
5393
5394 static void call_wrapper_dummy() {}
5395
5396 // We need to call the os_exception_wrapper once so that it sets
5397 // up the offset from FS of the thread pointer.
5398 void os::win32::initialize_thread_ptr_offset() {
5399 os::os_exception_wrapper((java_call_t)call_wrapper_dummy,
5400 NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
5401 }