31 # Notes are at the end of this file
32
33 ###############################################################################
34
35 # Australia
36
37 # Please see the notes below for the controversy about "EST" versus "AEST" etc.
38
39 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
40 Rule Aus 1917 only - Jan 1 0:01 1:00 D
41 Rule Aus 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 0 S
42 Rule Aus 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00 1:00 D
43 Rule Aus 1942 only - Mar 29 2:00 0 S
44 Rule Aus 1942 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 D
45 Rule Aus 1943 1944 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 S
46 Rule Aus 1943 only - Oct 3 2:00 1:00 D
47 # Go with Whitman and the Australian National Standards Commission, which
48 # says W Australia didn't use DST in 1943/1944. Ignore Whitman's claim that
49 # 1944/1945 was just like 1943/1944.
50
51 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
52 # Northern Territory
53 Zone Australia/Darwin 8:43:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
54 9:00 - ACST 1899 May
55 9:30 Aus AC%sT
56 # Western Australia
57 #
58 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
59 Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
60 Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
61 Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
62 Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
63 Rule AW 1991 only - Nov 17 2:00s 1:00 D
64 Rule AW 1992 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
65 Rule AW 2006 only - Dec 3 2:00s 1:00 D
66 Rule AW 2007 2009 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
67 Rule AW 2007 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
68 Zone Australia/Perth 7:43:24 - LMT 1895 Dec
69 8:00 Aus AW%sT 1943 Jul
70 8:00 AW AW%sT
71 Zone Australia/Eucla 8:35:28 - LMT 1895 Dec
108 10:00 AQ AE%sT 1992 Jul
109 10:00 Holiday AE%sT
110
111 # South Australia
112 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
113 Rule AS 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
114 Rule AS 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 D
115 Rule AS 1987 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
116 Rule AS 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 S
117 Rule AS 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
118 Rule AS 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
119 Rule AS 1991 only - Mar 3 2:00s 0 S
120 Rule AS 1992 only - Mar 22 2:00s 0 S
121 Rule AS 1993 only - Mar 7 2:00s 0 S
122 Rule AS 1994 only - Mar 20 2:00s 0 S
123 Rule AS 1995 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
124 Rule AS 2006 only - Apr 2 2:00s 0 S
125 Rule AS 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
126 Rule AS 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
127 Rule AS 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
128 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
129 Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
130 9:00 - ACST 1899 May
131 9:30 Aus AC%sT 1971
132 9:30 AS AC%sT
133
134 # Tasmania
135 #
136 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
137 # http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml
138 # says King Island didn't observe DST from WWII until late 1971.
139 #
140 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
141 Rule AT 1967 only - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
142 Rule AT 1968 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
143 Rule AT 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
144 Rule AT 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00s 0 S
145 Rule AT 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S
146 Rule AT 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
147 Rule AT 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
148 Rule AT 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
149 Rule AT 1986 only - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 D
150 Rule AT 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
151 Rule AT 1987 only - Oct Sun>=22 2:00s 1:00 D
152 Rule AT 1988 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
153 Rule AT 1991 1999 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
154 Rule AT 1991 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
155 Rule AT 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
156 Rule AT 2001 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
157 Rule AT 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
158 Rule AT 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
159 Rule AT 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
160 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
161 Zone Australia/Hobart 9:49:16 - LMT 1895 Sep
162 10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00
163 10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb
164 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1967
165 10:00 AT AE%sT
166 Zone Australia/Currie 9:35:28 - LMT 1895 Sep
167 10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00
168 10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb
169 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971 Jul
170 10:00 AT AE%sT
171
172 # Victoria
173 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
174 Rule AV 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
175 Rule AV 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S
176 Rule AV 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
177 Rule AV 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
178 Rule AV 1986 1987 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 D
179 Rule AV 1988 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
180 Rule AV 1991 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
181 Rule AV 1995 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
182 Rule AV 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
183 Rule AV 2001 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
184 Rule AV 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
185 Rule AV 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
186 Rule AV 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
187 Rule AV 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
188 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
189 Zone Australia/Melbourne 9:39:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
190 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971
191 10:00 AV AE%sT
192
193 # New South Wales
194 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
195 Rule AN 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
196 Rule AN 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 S
197 Rule AN 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
198 Rule AN 1982 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
199 Rule AN 1983 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
200 Rule AN 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
201 Rule AN 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 D
202 Rule AN 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
203 Rule AN 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
204 Rule AN 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
205 Rule AN 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
206 Rule AN 2001 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
207 Rule AN 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
208 Rule AN 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
209 Rule AN 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
210 Rule AN 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
211 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
212 Zone Australia/Sydney 10:04:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
213 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971
214 10:00 AN AE%sT
215 Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 - LMT 1895 Feb
216 10:00 - AEST 1896 Aug 23
217 9:00 - ACST 1899 May
218 9:30 Aus AC%sT 1971
219 9:30 AN AC%sT 2000
220 9:30 AS AC%sT
221
222 # Lord Howe Island
223 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
224 Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
225 Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
226 Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 -
227 Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
228 Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00 0:30 -
229 Rule LH 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 -
230 Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
231 Rule LH 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
262 # We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division:
263 # - Macquarie Island will stay on UTC+11 for winter and therefore not
264 # switch back from daylight savings time when other parts of Australia do
265 # on 4 April.
266 #
267 # From Arthur David Olson (2013-05-23):
268 # The 1919 transition is overspecified below so pre-2013 zics
269 # will produce a binary file with an [A]EST-type as the first 32-bit type;
270 # this is required for correct handling of times before 1916 by
271 # pre-2013 versions of localtime.
272 Zone Antarctica/Macquarie 0 - -00 1899 Nov
273 10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00
274 10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb
275 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1919 Apr 1 0:00s
276 0 - -00 1948 Mar 25
277 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1967
278 10:00 AT AE%sT 2010 Apr 4 3:00
279 11:00 - +11
280
281 # Christmas
282 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
283 Zone Indian/Christmas 7:02:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
284 7:00 - +07
285
286 # Cocos (Keeling) Is
287 # These islands were ruled by the Ross family from about 1830 to 1978.
288 # We don't know when standard time was introduced; for now, we guess 1900.
289 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
290 Zone Indian/Cocos 6:27:40 - LMT 1900
291 6:30 - +0630
292
293
294 # Fiji
295
296 # Milne gives 11:55:44 for Suva.
297
298 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-11-10):
299 # According to Fiji Broadcasting Corporation, Fiji plans to re-introduce DST
300 # from November 29th 2009 to April 25th 2010.
301 #
302 # "Daylight savings to commence this month"
303 # http://www.radiofiji.com.fj/fullstory.php?id=23719
304 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_fiji01.html
305
306 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-11-10):
307 # The Fiji Government has posted some more details about the approved
308 # amendments:
309 # http://www.fiji.gov.fj/publish/page_16198.shtml
392 # ... The daylight saving period will end at 3am on Sunday January 13, 2019.
393 #
394 # From Paul Eggert (2018-07-15):
395 # For now, guess DST from 02:00 the first Sunday in November to 03:00
396 # the first Sunday on or after January 13. January transitions reportedly
397 # depend on when school terms start. Although the guess is ad hoc, it matches
398 # transitions since late 2014 and seems more likely to match future
399 # practice than guessing no DST.
400
401 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
402 Rule Fiji 1998 1999 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
403 Rule Fiji 1999 2000 - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 -
404 Rule Fiji 2009 only - Nov 29 2:00 1:00 -
405 Rule Fiji 2010 only - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 -
406 Rule Fiji 2010 2013 - Oct Sun>=21 2:00 1:00 -
407 Rule Fiji 2011 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
408 Rule Fiji 2012 2013 - Jan Sun>=18 3:00 0 -
409 Rule Fiji 2014 only - Jan Sun>=18 2:00 0 -
410 Rule Fiji 2014 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
411 Rule Fiji 2015 max - Jan Sun>=13 3:00 0 -
412 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
413 Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:55:44 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva
414 12:00 Fiji +12/+13
415
416 # French Polynesia
417 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
418 Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea
419 -9:00 - -09
420 Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct
421 -9:30 - -0930
422 Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete
423 -10:00 - -10
424 # Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia;
425 # it is uninhabited.
426
427 # Guam
428
429 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
430 # http://guamlegislature.com/Public_Laws_5th/PL05-025.pdf
431 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-59-7-Guam-Daylight-Savings-Time-May-6-1959.pdf
432 Rule Guam 1959 only - Jun 27 2:00 1:00 D
433 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-61-5-Revocation-of-Daylight-Saving-Time-and-Restoratio.pdf
434 Rule Guam 1961 only - Jan 29 2:00 0 S
435 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-67-13-Guam-Daylight-Savings-Time.pdf
436 Rule Guam 1967 only - Sep 1 2:00 1:00 D
437 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-69-2-Repeal-of-Guam-Daylight-Saving-Time.pdf
440 Rule Guam 1969 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
441 Rule Guam 1969 only - Aug 31 2:00 0 S
442 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-70-10-Guam-Daylight-Saving-Time.pdf
443 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-70-30-End-of-Guam-Daylight-Saving-Time.pdf
444 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-71-5-Guam-Daylight-Savings-Time.pdf
445 Rule Guam 1970 1971 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
446 Rule Guam 1970 1971 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
447 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-73-28.-Guam-Day-light-Saving-Time.pdf
448 Rule Guam 1973 only - Dec 16 2:00 1:00 D
449 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-74-7-Guam-Daylight-Savings-Time-Rescinded.pdf
450 Rule Guam 1974 only - Feb 24 2:00 0 S
451 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-76-13-Daylight-Savings-Time.pdf
452 Rule Guam 1976 only - May 26 2:00 1:00 D
453 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-76-25-Revocation-of-E.O.-76-13.pdf
454 Rule Guam 1976 only - Aug 22 2:01 0 S
455 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-77-4-Daylight-Savings-Time.pdf
456 Rule Guam 1977 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 D
457 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-77-18-Guam-Standard-Time.pdf
458 Rule Guam 1977 only - Aug 28 2:00 0 S
459
460 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
461 Zone Pacific/Guam -14:21:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
462 9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana
463 10:00 - GST 1941 Dec 10 # Guam
464 9:00 - +09 1944 Jul 31
465 10:00 Guam G%sT 2000 Dec 23
466 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time
467 Link Pacific/Guam Pacific/Saipan # N Mariana Is
468
469 # Kiribati
470 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
471 Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki
472 12:00 - +12
473 Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901
474 -12:00 - -12 1979 Oct
475 -11:00 - -11 1994 Dec 31
476 13:00 - +13
477 Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901
478 -10:40 - -1040 1979 Oct
479 -10:00 - -10 1994 Dec 31
480 14:00 - +14
481
482 # N Mariana Is
483 # See Pacific/Guam.
484
485 # Marshall Is
486 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
487 Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901
488 11:00 - +11 1914 Oct
489 9:00 - +09 1919 Feb 1
490 11:00 - +11 1937
491 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1
492 9:00 - +09 1944 Jan 30
493 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct
494 12:00 - +12
495 Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901
496 11:00 - +11 1937
497 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1
498 9:00 - +09 1944 Feb 6
499 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct
500 -12:00 - -12 1993 Aug 20 24:00
501 12:00 - +12
502
503 # Micronesia
504 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
505 Zone Pacific/Chuuk -13:52:52 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
506 10:07:08 - LMT 1901
507 10:00 - +10 1914 Oct
508 9:00 - +09 1919 Feb 1
509 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1
510 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug
511 10:00 - +10
512 Zone Pacific/Pohnpei -13:27:08 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 # Kolonia
513 10:32:52 - LMT 1901
514 11:00 - +11 1914 Oct
515 9:00 - +09 1919 Feb 1
516 11:00 - +11 1937
517 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1
518 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug
519 11:00 - +11
520 Zone Pacific/Kosrae -13:08:04 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
521 10:51:56 - LMT 1901
522 11:00 - +11 1914 Oct
523 9:00 - +09 1919 Feb 1
524 11:00 - +11 1937
525 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1
526 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug
527 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct
528 12:00 - +12 1999
529 11:00 - +11
530
531 # Nauru
532 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
533 Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe
534 11:30 - +1130 1942 Aug 29
535 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 8
536 11:30 - +1130 1979 Feb 10 2:00
537 12:00 - +12
538
539 # New Caledonia
540 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
541 Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 -
542 Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
543 Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 -
544 # Shanks & Pottenger say the following was at 2:00; go with IATA.
545 Rule NC 1997 only - Mar 2 2:00s 0 -
546 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
547 Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Nouméa
548 11:00 NC +11/+12
549
550
551 ###############################################################################
552
553 # New Zealand
554
555 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
556 Rule NZ 1927 only - Nov 6 2:00 1:00 S
557 Rule NZ 1928 only - Mar 4 2:00 0 M
558 Rule NZ 1928 1933 - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0:30 S
559 Rule NZ 1929 1933 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 M
560 Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 0 M
561 Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0:30 S
562 Rule NZ 1946 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S
563 # Since 1957 Chatham has been 45 minutes ahead of NZ, but until 2018a
564 # there was no documented single notation for the date and time of this
565 # transition. Duplicate the Rule lines for now, to give the 2018a change
566 # time to percolate out.
567 Rule NZ 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
568 Rule Chatham 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 -
569 Rule NZ 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S
570 Rule Chatham 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:45s 0 -
571 Rule NZ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
572 Rule Chatham 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:45s 1:00 -
573 Rule NZ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
574 Rule Chatham 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:45s 0 -
575 Rule NZ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00s 1:00 D
576 Rule Chatham 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:45s 1:00 -
577 Rule NZ 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
578 Rule Chatham 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 -
579 Rule NZ 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
580 Rule Chatham 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:45s 0 -
581 Rule NZ 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
582 Rule Chatham 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:45s 1:00 -
583 Rule NZ 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
584 Rule Chatham 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:45s 0 -
585 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
586 Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868 Nov 2
587 11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1946 Jan 1
588 12:00 NZ NZ%sT
589 Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:13:48 - LMT 1868 Nov 2
590 12:15 - +1215 1946 Jan 1
591 12:45 Chatham +1245/+1345
592
593 Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo
594
595 # Auckland Is
596 # uninhabited; Māori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers,
597 # and scientific personnel have wintered
598
599 # Campbell I
600 # minor whaling stations operated 1909/1914
601 # scientific station operated 1941/1995;
602 # previously whalers, sealers, pastoralists, and scientific personnel wintered
603 # was probably like Pacific/Auckland
604
605 # Cook Is
606 # From Shanks & Pottenger:
607 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
608 Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 -
609 Rule Cook 1979 1991 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
610 Rule Cook 1979 1990 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 -
611 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
612 Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua
613 -10:30 - -1030 1978 Nov 12
614 -10:00 Cook -10/-0930
615
616 ###############################################################################
617
618
619 # Niue
620 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
621 Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi
622 -11:20 - -1120 1951
623 -11:30 - -1130 1978 Oct 1
624 -11:00 - -11
625
626 # Norfolk
627 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
628 Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston
629 11:12 - +1112 1951
630 11:30 - +1130 1974 Oct 27 02:00
631 11:30 1:00 +1230 1975 Mar 2 02:00
632 11:30 - +1130 2015 Oct 4 02:00
633 11:00 - +11
634
635 # Palau (Belau)
636 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
637 Zone Pacific/Palau -15:02:04 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 # Koror
638 8:57:56 - LMT 1901
639 9:00 - +09
640
641 # Papua New Guinea
642 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
643 Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880
644 9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time
645 10:00 - +10
646 #
647 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-13):
648 # Base the Bougainville entry on the Arawa-Kieta region, which appears to have
649 # the most people even though it was devastated in the Bougainville Civil War.
650 #
651 # Although Shanks gives 1942-03-15 / 1943-11-01 for UT +09, these dates
652 # are apparently rough guesswork from the starts of military campaigns.
653 # The World War II entries below are instead based on Arawa-Kieta.
654 # The Japanese occupied Kieta in July 1942,
655 # according to the Pacific War Online Encyclopedia
656 # https://pwencycl.kgbudge.com/B/o/Bougainville.htm
657 # and seem to have controlled it until their 1945-08-21 surrender.
658 #
659 # The Autonomous Region of Bougainville switched from UT +10 to +11
660 # on 2014-12-28 at 02:00. They call +11 "Bougainville Standard Time".
661 # See:
662 # http://www.bougainville24.com/bougainville-issues/bougainville-gets-own-timezone/
663 #
664 Zone Pacific/Bougainville 10:22:16 - LMT 1880
665 9:48:32 - PMMT 1895
666 10:00 - +10 1942 Jul
667 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug 21
668 10:00 - +10 2014 Dec 28 2:00
669 11:00 - +11
670
671 # Pitcairn
672 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
673 Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown
674 -8:30 - -0830 1998 Apr 27 0:00
675 -8:00 - -08
676
677 # American Samoa
678 Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1892 Jul 5
679 -11:22:48 - LMT 1911
680 -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa
681 Link Pacific/Pago_Pago Pacific/Midway # in US minor outlying islands
682
683 # Samoa (formerly and also known as Western Samoa)
684
685 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-16):
686 # We have been in contact with the government of Samoa again, and received
687 # the following info:
688 #
689 # "Cabinet has now approved Daylight Saving to be effected next year
690 # commencing from the last Sunday of September 2010 and conclude first
691 # Sunday of April 2011."
692 #
737 #
738 # Dateline Change skip Friday 30th Dec 2011
739 # Thursday 29th December 2011 23:59:59 Hours
740 # Saturday 31st December 2011 00:00:00 Hours
741 #
742 # From Nicholas Pereira (2012-09-10):
743 # Daylight Saving Time commences on Sunday 30th September 2012 and
744 # ends on Sunday 7th of April 2013....
745 # http://www.mcil.gov.ws/mcil_publications.html
746 #
747 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08):
748 # That web page currently lists transitions for 2012/3 and 2013/4.
749 # Assume the pattern instituted in 2012 will continue indefinitely.
750
751 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
752 Rule WS 2010 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1 -
753 Rule WS 2011 only - Apr Sat>=1 4:00 0 -
754 Rule WS 2011 only - Sep lastSat 3:00 1 -
755 Rule WS 2012 max - Apr Sun>=1 4:00 0 -
756 Rule WS 2012 max - Sep lastSun 3:00 1 -
757 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
758 Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1892 Jul 5
759 -11:26:56 - LMT 1911
760 -11:30 - -1130 1950
761 -11:00 WS -11/-10 2011 Dec 29 24:00
762 13:00 WS +13/+14
763
764 # Solomon Is
765 # excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea
766 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
767 Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara
768 11:00 - +11
769
770 # Tokelau
771 #
772 # From Gwillim Law (2011-12-29)
773 # A correspondent informed me that Tokelau, like Samoa, will be skipping
774 # December 31 this year ...
775 #
776 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-07-25)
777 # ... we double checked by calling hotels and offices based in Tokelau asking
778 # about the time there, and they all told a time that agrees with UTC+13....
779 # Shanks says UT-10 from 1901 [but] ... there is a good chance the change
780 # actually was to UT-11 back then.
781 #
782 # From Paul Eggert (2012-07-25)
783 # A Google Books snippet of Appendix to the Journals of the House of
784 # Representatives of New Zealand, Session 1948,
785 # <https://books.google.com/books?id=ZaVCAQAAIAAJ>, page 65, says Tokelau
786 # was "11 hours slow on G.M.T." Go with Thorsen and assume Shanks & Pottenger
787 # are off by an hour starting in 1901.
788
789 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
790 Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901
791 -11:00 - -11 2011 Dec 30
792 13:00 - +13
793
794 # Tonga
795 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
796 Rule Tonga 1999 only - Oct 7 2:00s 1:00 -
797 Rule Tonga 2000 only - Mar 19 2:00s 0 -
798 Rule Tonga 2000 2001 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
799 Rule Tonga 2001 2002 - Jan lastSun 2:00 0 -
800 Rule Tonga 2016 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
801 Rule Tonga 2017 only - Jan Sun>=15 3:00 0 -
802 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
803 Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901
804 12:20 - +1220 1941
805 13:00 - +13 1999
806 13:00 Tonga +13/+14
807
808 # Tuvalu
809 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
810 Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901
811 12:00 - +12
812
813
814 # US minor outlying islands
815
816 # Howland, Baker
817 # Howland was mined for guano by American companies 1857-1878 and British
818 # 1886-1891; Baker was similar but exact dates are not known.
819 # Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; U.S. military bases 1943-1944;
820 # uninhabited thereafter.
821 # Howland observed Hawaii Standard Time (UT -10:30) in 1937;
822 # see page 206 of Elgen M. Long and Marie K. Long,
823 # Amelia Earhart: the Mystery Solved, Simon & Schuster (2000).
824 # So most likely Howland and Baker observed Hawaii Time from 1935
825 # until they were abandoned after the war.
826
827 # Jarvis
828 # Mined for guano by American companies 1857-1879 and British 1883?-1891?.
829 # Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; IGY scientific base 1957-1958;
850 # which had a GMT offset of -11 hours. This apparently applied to at least the
851 # time from Operation Newsreel (Hardtack I/Teak shot, 1958-08-01) to the last
852 # Operation Fishbowl shot (Tightrope, 1962-11-04).... [See] Herman Hoerlin,
853 # "The United States High-Altitude Test Experience: A Review Emphasizing the
854 # Impact on the Environment", Los Alamos LA-6405, Oct 1976.
855 # https://www.fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/lanl/docs1/00322994.pdf
856 # See the table on page 4 where he lists GMT and local times for the tests; a
857 # footnote for the JI tests reads that local time is "JI time = Hawaii Time
858 # Minus One Hour".
859
860 # Kingman
861 # uninhabited
862
863 # Midway
864 # See Pacific/Pago_Pago.
865
866 # Palmyra
867 # uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
868
869 # Wake
870 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
871 Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901
872 12:00 - +12
873
874
875 # Vanuatu
876 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
877 Rule Vanuatu 1983 only - Sep 25 0:00 1:00 -
878 Rule Vanuatu 1984 1991 - Mar Sun>=23 0:00 0 -
879 Rule Vanuatu 1984 only - Oct 23 0:00 1:00 -
880 Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 -
881 Rule Vanuatu 1992 1993 - Jan Sun>=23 0:00 0 -
882 Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 -
883 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
884 Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila
885 11:00 Vanuatu +11/+12
886
887 # Wallis and Futuna
888 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
889 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901
890 12:00 - +12
891
892 ###############################################################################
893
894 # NOTES
895
896 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
897 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
898 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
899 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
900
901 # From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18):
902 #
903 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
904 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
905 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
906 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
907 #
908 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
1254 # ... it was just on four years ago that I drove along the Eyre Highway,
1255 # which passes through eastern Western Australia close to the southern
1256 # coast of the continent.
1257 #
1258 # I paid particular attention to the time kept there. There can be no
1259 # dispute that UTC+08:45 was considered "the time" from the border
1260 # village just inside the border with South Australia to as far west
1261 # as just east of Caiguna. There can also be no dispute that Eucla is
1262 # the largest population centre in this zone....
1263 #
1264 # Now that Western Australia is observing daylight saving, the
1265 # question arose whether this part of the state would follow suit. I
1266 # just called the border village and confirmed that indeed they have,
1267 # meaning that they are now observing UTC+09:45.
1268 #
1269 # (2006-12-09):
1270 # I personally doubt that either experimentation with daylight saving
1271 # in WA or its introduction in SA had anything to do with the genesis
1272 # of this time zone. My hunch is that it's been around since well
1273 # before 1975. I remember seeing it noted on road maps decades ago.
1274
1275 # From Paul Eggert (2006-12-15):
1276 # For lack of better info, assume the tradition dates back to the
1277 # introduction of standard time in 1895.
1278
1279
1280 # southeast Australia
1281 #
1282 # From Paul Eggert (2007-07-23):
1283 # Starting autumn 2008 Victoria, NSW, South Australia, Tasmania and the ACT
1284 # end DST the first Sunday in April and start DST the first Sunday in October.
1285 # http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/daylight-savings-to-span-six-months/2007/06/27/1182623966703.html
1286
1287
1288 # South Australia
1289
1290 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
1291 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
1292 # ...South Australia...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
1293 # at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
1570 # From Colin Sharples (2007-04-30):
1571 # DST will now start on the last Sunday in September, and end on the
1572 # first Sunday in April. The changes take effect this year, meaning
1573 # that DST will begin on 2007-09-30 2008-04-06.
1574 # http://www.dia.govt.nz/diawebsite.nsf/wpg_URL/Services-Daylight-Saving-Daylight-saving-to-be-extended
1575
1576 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-14):
1577 # Chatham Island time was formally standardized on 1957-01-01 by
1578 # New Zealand's Standard Time Amendment Act 1956 (1956-10-26).
1579 # https://www.austlii.edu.au/nz/legis/hist_act/staa19561956n100244.pdf
1580 # According to Google Books snippet view, a speaker in the New Zealand
1581 # parliamentary debates in 1956 said "Clause 78 makes provision for standard
1582 # time in the Chatham Islands. The time there is 45 minutes in advance of New
1583 # Zealand time. I understand that is the time they keep locally, anyhow."
1584 # For now, assume this practice goes back to the introduction of standard time
1585 # in New Zealand, as this would make Chatham Islands time almost exactly match
1586 # LMT back when New Zealand was at UT +11:30; also, assume Chatham Islands did
1587 # not observe New Zealand's prewar DST.
1588
1589 ###############################################################################
1590
1591
1592 # Fiji
1593
1594 # Howse writes (p 153) that in 1879 the British governor of Fiji
1595 # enacted an ordinance standardizing the islands on Antipodean Time
1596 # instead of the American system (which was one day behind).
1597
1598 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
1599 # Fiji will introduce DST effective 0200 local time, 1998-11-01
1600 # until 0300 local time 1999-02-28. Each year the DST period will
1601 # be from the first Sunday in November until the last Sunday in February.
1602
1603 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08):
1604 # IATA SSIM (1999-09) says DST ends 0100 local time. Go with McDow.
1605
1606 # From the BBC World Service in
1607 # http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/205226.stm (1998-10-31 16:03 UTC):
1608 # The Fijian government says the main reasons for the time change is to
1609 # improve productivity and reduce road accidents.... [T]he move is also
|
31 # Notes are at the end of this file
32
33 ###############################################################################
34
35 # Australia
36
37 # Please see the notes below for the controversy about "EST" versus "AEST" etc.
38
39 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
40 Rule Aus 1917 only - Jan 1 0:01 1:00 D
41 Rule Aus 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 0 S
42 Rule Aus 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00 1:00 D
43 Rule Aus 1942 only - Mar 29 2:00 0 S
44 Rule Aus 1942 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 D
45 Rule Aus 1943 1944 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 S
46 Rule Aus 1943 only - Oct 3 2:00 1:00 D
47 # Go with Whitman and the Australian National Standards Commission, which
48 # says W Australia didn't use DST in 1943/1944. Ignore Whitman's claim that
49 # 1944/1945 was just like 1943/1944.
50
51 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
52 # Northern Territory
53 Zone Australia/Darwin 8:43:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
54 9:00 - ACST 1899 May
55 9:30 Aus AC%sT
56 # Western Australia
57 #
58 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
59 Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
60 Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
61 Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
62 Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
63 Rule AW 1991 only - Nov 17 2:00s 1:00 D
64 Rule AW 1992 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
65 Rule AW 2006 only - Dec 3 2:00s 1:00 D
66 Rule AW 2007 2009 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
67 Rule AW 2007 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
68 Zone Australia/Perth 7:43:24 - LMT 1895 Dec
69 8:00 Aus AW%sT 1943 Jul
70 8:00 AW AW%sT
71 Zone Australia/Eucla 8:35:28 - LMT 1895 Dec
108 10:00 AQ AE%sT 1992 Jul
109 10:00 Holiday AE%sT
110
111 # South Australia
112 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
113 Rule AS 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
114 Rule AS 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 D
115 Rule AS 1987 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
116 Rule AS 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 S
117 Rule AS 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
118 Rule AS 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
119 Rule AS 1991 only - Mar 3 2:00s 0 S
120 Rule AS 1992 only - Mar 22 2:00s 0 S
121 Rule AS 1993 only - Mar 7 2:00s 0 S
122 Rule AS 1994 only - Mar 20 2:00s 0 S
123 Rule AS 1995 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
124 Rule AS 2006 only - Apr 2 2:00s 0 S
125 Rule AS 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
126 Rule AS 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
127 Rule AS 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
128 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
129 Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
130 9:00 - ACST 1899 May
131 9:30 Aus AC%sT 1971
132 9:30 AS AC%sT
133
134 # Tasmania
135 #
136 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
137 # http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml
138 # says King Island didn't observe DST from WWII until late 1971.
139 #
140 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
141 Rule AT 1967 only - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
142 Rule AT 1968 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
143 Rule AT 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
144 Rule AT 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00s 0 S
145 Rule AT 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S
146 Rule AT 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
147 Rule AT 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
148 Rule AT 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
149 Rule AT 1986 only - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 D
150 Rule AT 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
151 Rule AT 1987 only - Oct Sun>=22 2:00s 1:00 D
152 Rule AT 1988 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
153 Rule AT 1991 1999 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
154 Rule AT 1991 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
155 Rule AT 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
156 Rule AT 2001 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
157 Rule AT 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
158 Rule AT 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
159 Rule AT 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
160 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
161 Zone Australia/Hobart 9:49:16 - LMT 1895 Sep
162 10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00
163 10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb
164 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1967
165 10:00 AT AE%sT
166 Zone Australia/Currie 9:35:28 - LMT 1895 Sep
167 10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00
168 10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb
169 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971 Jul
170 10:00 AT AE%sT
171
172 # Victoria
173 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
174 Rule AV 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
175 Rule AV 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S
176 Rule AV 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
177 Rule AV 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
178 Rule AV 1986 1987 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 D
179 Rule AV 1988 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
180 Rule AV 1991 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
181 Rule AV 1995 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
182 Rule AV 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
183 Rule AV 2001 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
184 Rule AV 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
185 Rule AV 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
186 Rule AV 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
187 Rule AV 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
188 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
189 Zone Australia/Melbourne 9:39:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
190 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971
191 10:00 AV AE%sT
192
193 # New South Wales
194 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
195 Rule AN 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
196 Rule AN 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 S
197 Rule AN 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
198 Rule AN 1982 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
199 Rule AN 1983 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
200 Rule AN 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
201 Rule AN 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 D
202 Rule AN 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
203 Rule AN 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
204 Rule AN 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
205 Rule AN 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
206 Rule AN 2001 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
207 Rule AN 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
208 Rule AN 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S
209 Rule AN 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
210 Rule AN 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
211 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
212 Zone Australia/Sydney 10:04:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
213 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971
214 10:00 AN AE%sT
215 Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 - LMT 1895 Feb
216 10:00 - AEST 1896 Aug 23
217 9:00 - ACST 1899 May
218 9:30 Aus AC%sT 1971
219 9:30 AN AC%sT 2000
220 9:30 AS AC%sT
221
222 # Lord Howe Island
223 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
224 Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
225 Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
226 Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 -
227 Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
228 Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00 0:30 -
229 Rule LH 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 -
230 Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 -
231 Rule LH 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
262 # We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division:
263 # - Macquarie Island will stay on UTC+11 for winter and therefore not
264 # switch back from daylight savings time when other parts of Australia do
265 # on 4 April.
266 #
267 # From Arthur David Olson (2013-05-23):
268 # The 1919 transition is overspecified below so pre-2013 zics
269 # will produce a binary file with an [A]EST-type as the first 32-bit type;
270 # this is required for correct handling of times before 1916 by
271 # pre-2013 versions of localtime.
272 Zone Antarctica/Macquarie 0 - -00 1899 Nov
273 10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00
274 10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb
275 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1919 Apr 1 0:00s
276 0 - -00 1948 Mar 25
277 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1967
278 10:00 AT AE%sT 2010 Apr 4 3:00
279 11:00 - +11
280
281 # Christmas
282 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
283 Zone Indian/Christmas 7:02:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
284 7:00 - +07
285
286 # Cocos (Keeling) Is
287 # These islands were ruled by the Ross family from about 1830 to 1978.
288 # We don't know when standard time was introduced; for now, we guess 1900.
289 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
290 Zone Indian/Cocos 6:27:40 - LMT 1900
291 6:30 - +0630
292
293
294 # Fiji
295
296 # Milne gives 11:55:44 for Suva.
297
298 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-11-10):
299 # According to Fiji Broadcasting Corporation, Fiji plans to re-introduce DST
300 # from November 29th 2009 to April 25th 2010.
301 #
302 # "Daylight savings to commence this month"
303 # http://www.radiofiji.com.fj/fullstory.php?id=23719
304 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_fiji01.html
305
306 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-11-10):
307 # The Fiji Government has posted some more details about the approved
308 # amendments:
309 # http://www.fiji.gov.fj/publish/page_16198.shtml
392 # ... The daylight saving period will end at 3am on Sunday January 13, 2019.
393 #
394 # From Paul Eggert (2018-07-15):
395 # For now, guess DST from 02:00 the first Sunday in November to 03:00
396 # the first Sunday on or after January 13. January transitions reportedly
397 # depend on when school terms start. Although the guess is ad hoc, it matches
398 # transitions since late 2014 and seems more likely to match future
399 # practice than guessing no DST.
400
401 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
402 Rule Fiji 1998 1999 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
403 Rule Fiji 1999 2000 - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 -
404 Rule Fiji 2009 only - Nov 29 2:00 1:00 -
405 Rule Fiji 2010 only - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 -
406 Rule Fiji 2010 2013 - Oct Sun>=21 2:00 1:00 -
407 Rule Fiji 2011 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
408 Rule Fiji 2012 2013 - Jan Sun>=18 3:00 0 -
409 Rule Fiji 2014 only - Jan Sun>=18 2:00 0 -
410 Rule Fiji 2014 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
411 Rule Fiji 2015 max - Jan Sun>=13 3:00 0 -
412 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
413 Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:55:44 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva
414 12:00 Fiji +12/+13
415
416 # French Polynesia
417 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
418 Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea
419 -9:00 - -09
420 Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct
421 -9:30 - -0930
422 Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete
423 -10:00 - -10
424 # Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia;
425 # it is uninhabited.
426
427 # Guam
428
429 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
430 # http://guamlegislature.com/Public_Laws_5th/PL05-025.pdf
431 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-59-7-Guam-Daylight-Savings-Time-May-6-1959.pdf
432 Rule Guam 1959 only - Jun 27 2:00 1:00 D
433 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-61-5-Revocation-of-Daylight-Saving-Time-and-Restoratio.pdf
434 Rule Guam 1961 only - Jan 29 2:00 0 S
435 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-67-13-Guam-Daylight-Savings-Time.pdf
436 Rule Guam 1967 only - Sep 1 2:00 1:00 D
437 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-69-2-Repeal-of-Guam-Daylight-Saving-Time.pdf
440 Rule Guam 1969 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
441 Rule Guam 1969 only - Aug 31 2:00 0 S
442 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-70-10-Guam-Daylight-Saving-Time.pdf
443 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-70-30-End-of-Guam-Daylight-Saving-Time.pdf
444 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-71-5-Guam-Daylight-Savings-Time.pdf
445 Rule Guam 1970 1971 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
446 Rule Guam 1970 1971 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
447 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-73-28.-Guam-Day-light-Saving-Time.pdf
448 Rule Guam 1973 only - Dec 16 2:00 1:00 D
449 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-74-7-Guam-Daylight-Savings-Time-Rescinded.pdf
450 Rule Guam 1974 only - Feb 24 2:00 0 S
451 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-76-13-Daylight-Savings-Time.pdf
452 Rule Guam 1976 only - May 26 2:00 1:00 D
453 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-76-25-Revocation-of-E.O.-76-13.pdf
454 Rule Guam 1976 only - Aug 22 2:01 0 S
455 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-77-4-Daylight-Savings-Time.pdf
456 Rule Guam 1977 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 D
457 # http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-77-18-Guam-Standard-Time.pdf
458 Rule Guam 1977 only - Aug 28 2:00 0 S
459
460 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
461 Zone Pacific/Guam -14:21:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
462 9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana
463 10:00 - GST 1941 Dec 10 # Guam
464 9:00 - +09 1944 Jul 31
465 10:00 Guam G%sT 2000 Dec 23
466 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time
467 Link Pacific/Guam Pacific/Saipan # N Mariana Is
468
469 # Kiribati
470 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
471 Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki
472 12:00 - +12
473 Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901
474 -12:00 - -12 1979 Oct
475 -11:00 - -11 1994 Dec 31
476 13:00 - +13
477 Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901
478 -10:40 - -1040 1979 Oct
479 -10:00 - -10 1994 Dec 31
480 14:00 - +14
481
482 # N Mariana Is
483 # See Pacific/Guam.
484
485 # Marshall Is
486 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
487 Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901
488 11:00 - +11 1914 Oct
489 9:00 - +09 1919 Feb 1
490 11:00 - +11 1937
491 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1
492 9:00 - +09 1944 Jan 30
493 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct
494 12:00 - +12
495 Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901
496 11:00 - +11 1937
497 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1
498 9:00 - +09 1944 Feb 6
499 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct
500 -12:00 - -12 1993 Aug 20 24:00
501 12:00 - +12
502
503 # Micronesia
504 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
505 Zone Pacific/Chuuk -13:52:52 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
506 10:07:08 - LMT 1901
507 10:00 - +10 1914 Oct
508 9:00 - +09 1919 Feb 1
509 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1
510 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug
511 10:00 - +10
512 Zone Pacific/Pohnpei -13:27:08 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 # Kolonia
513 10:32:52 - LMT 1901
514 11:00 - +11 1914 Oct
515 9:00 - +09 1919 Feb 1
516 11:00 - +11 1937
517 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1
518 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug
519 11:00 - +11
520 Zone Pacific/Kosrae -13:08:04 - LMT 1844 Dec 31
521 10:51:56 - LMT 1901
522 11:00 - +11 1914 Oct
523 9:00 - +09 1919 Feb 1
524 11:00 - +11 1937
525 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1
526 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug
527 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct
528 12:00 - +12 1999
529 11:00 - +11
530
531 # Nauru
532 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
533 Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe
534 11:30 - +1130 1942 Aug 29
535 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 8
536 11:30 - +1130 1979 Feb 10 2:00
537 12:00 - +12
538
539 # New Caledonia
540 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
541 Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 -
542 Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
543 Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 -
544 # Shanks & Pottenger say the following was at 2:00; go with IATA.
545 Rule NC 1997 only - Mar 2 2:00s 0 -
546 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
547 Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Nouméa
548 11:00 NC +11/+12
549
550
551 ###############################################################################
552
553 # New Zealand
554
555 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
556 Rule NZ 1927 only - Nov 6 2:00 1:00 S
557 Rule NZ 1928 only - Mar 4 2:00 0 M
558 Rule NZ 1928 1933 - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0:30 S
559 Rule NZ 1929 1933 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 M
560 Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 0 M
561 Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0:30 S
562 Rule NZ 1946 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S
563 # Since 1957 Chatham has been 45 minutes ahead of NZ, but until 2018a
564 # there was no documented single notation for the date and time of this
565 # transition. Duplicate the Rule lines for now, to give the 2018a change
566 # time to percolate out.
567 Rule NZ 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
568 Rule Chatham 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 -
569 Rule NZ 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S
570 Rule Chatham 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:45s 0 -
571 Rule NZ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
572 Rule Chatham 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:45s 1:00 -
573 Rule NZ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
574 Rule Chatham 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:45s 0 -
575 Rule NZ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00s 1:00 D
576 Rule Chatham 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:45s 1:00 -
577 Rule NZ 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
578 Rule Chatham 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 -
579 Rule NZ 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
580 Rule Chatham 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:45s 0 -
581 Rule NZ 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
582 Rule Chatham 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:45s 1:00 -
583 Rule NZ 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
584 Rule Chatham 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:45s 0 -
585 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
586 Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868 Nov 2
587 11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1946 Jan 1
588 12:00 NZ NZ%sT
589 Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:13:48 - LMT 1868 Nov 2
590 12:15 - +1215 1946 Jan 1
591 12:45 Chatham +1245/+1345
592
593 Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo
594
595 # Auckland Is
596 # uninhabited; Māori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers,
597 # and scientific personnel have wintered
598
599 # Campbell I
600 # minor whaling stations operated 1909/1914
601 # scientific station operated 1941/1995;
602 # previously whalers, sealers, pastoralists, and scientific personnel wintered
603 # was probably like Pacific/Auckland
604
605 # Cook Is
606 # From Shanks & Pottenger:
607 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
608 Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 -
609 Rule Cook 1979 1991 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
610 Rule Cook 1979 1990 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 -
611 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
612 Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua
613 -10:30 - -1030 1978 Nov 12
614 -10:00 Cook -10/-0930
615
616 ###############################################################################
617
618
619 # Niue
620 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
621 Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi
622 -11:20 - -1120 1951
623 -11:30 - -1130 1978 Oct 1
624 -11:00 - -11
625
626 # Norfolk
627 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
628 Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston
629 11:12 - +1112 1951
630 11:30 - +1130 1974 Oct 27 02:00
631 11:30 1:00 +1230 1975 Mar 2 02:00
632 11:30 - +1130 2015 Oct 4 02:00
633 11:00 - +11
634
635 # Palau (Belau)
636 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
637 Zone Pacific/Palau -15:02:04 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 # Koror
638 8:57:56 - LMT 1901
639 9:00 - +09
640
641 # Papua New Guinea
642 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
643 Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880
644 9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time
645 10:00 - +10
646 #
647 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-13):
648 # Base the Bougainville entry on the Arawa-Kieta region, which appears to have
649 # the most people even though it was devastated in the Bougainville Civil War.
650 #
651 # Although Shanks gives 1942-03-15 / 1943-11-01 for UT +09, these dates
652 # are apparently rough guesswork from the starts of military campaigns.
653 # The World War II entries below are instead based on Arawa-Kieta.
654 # The Japanese occupied Kieta in July 1942,
655 # according to the Pacific War Online Encyclopedia
656 # https://pwencycl.kgbudge.com/B/o/Bougainville.htm
657 # and seem to have controlled it until their 1945-08-21 surrender.
658 #
659 # The Autonomous Region of Bougainville switched from UT +10 to +11
660 # on 2014-12-28 at 02:00. They call +11 "Bougainville Standard Time".
661 # See:
662 # http://www.bougainville24.com/bougainville-issues/bougainville-gets-own-timezone/
663 #
664 Zone Pacific/Bougainville 10:22:16 - LMT 1880
665 9:48:32 - PMMT 1895
666 10:00 - +10 1942 Jul
667 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug 21
668 10:00 - +10 2014 Dec 28 2:00
669 11:00 - +11
670
671 # Pitcairn
672 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
673 Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown
674 -8:30 - -0830 1998 Apr 27 0:00
675 -8:00 - -08
676
677 # American Samoa
678 Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1892 Jul 5
679 -11:22:48 - LMT 1911
680 -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa
681 Link Pacific/Pago_Pago Pacific/Midway # in US minor outlying islands
682
683 # Samoa (formerly and also known as Western Samoa)
684
685 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-16):
686 # We have been in contact with the government of Samoa again, and received
687 # the following info:
688 #
689 # "Cabinet has now approved Daylight Saving to be effected next year
690 # commencing from the last Sunday of September 2010 and conclude first
691 # Sunday of April 2011."
692 #
737 #
738 # Dateline Change skip Friday 30th Dec 2011
739 # Thursday 29th December 2011 23:59:59 Hours
740 # Saturday 31st December 2011 00:00:00 Hours
741 #
742 # From Nicholas Pereira (2012-09-10):
743 # Daylight Saving Time commences on Sunday 30th September 2012 and
744 # ends on Sunday 7th of April 2013....
745 # http://www.mcil.gov.ws/mcil_publications.html
746 #
747 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08):
748 # That web page currently lists transitions for 2012/3 and 2013/4.
749 # Assume the pattern instituted in 2012 will continue indefinitely.
750
751 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
752 Rule WS 2010 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1 -
753 Rule WS 2011 only - Apr Sat>=1 4:00 0 -
754 Rule WS 2011 only - Sep lastSat 3:00 1 -
755 Rule WS 2012 max - Apr Sun>=1 4:00 0 -
756 Rule WS 2012 max - Sep lastSun 3:00 1 -
757 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
758 Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1892 Jul 5
759 -11:26:56 - LMT 1911
760 -11:30 - -1130 1950
761 -11:00 WS -11/-10 2011 Dec 29 24:00
762 13:00 WS +13/+14
763
764 # Solomon Is
765 # excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea
766 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
767 Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara
768 11:00 - +11
769
770 # Tokelau
771 #
772 # From Gwillim Law (2011-12-29)
773 # A correspondent informed me that Tokelau, like Samoa, will be skipping
774 # December 31 this year ...
775 #
776 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-07-25)
777 # ... we double checked by calling hotels and offices based in Tokelau asking
778 # about the time there, and they all told a time that agrees with UTC+13....
779 # Shanks says UT-10 from 1901 [but] ... there is a good chance the change
780 # actually was to UT-11 back then.
781 #
782 # From Paul Eggert (2012-07-25)
783 # A Google Books snippet of Appendix to the Journals of the House of
784 # Representatives of New Zealand, Session 1948,
785 # <https://books.google.com/books?id=ZaVCAQAAIAAJ>, page 65, says Tokelau
786 # was "11 hours slow on G.M.T." Go with Thorsen and assume Shanks & Pottenger
787 # are off by an hour starting in 1901.
788
789 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
790 Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901
791 -11:00 - -11 2011 Dec 30
792 13:00 - +13
793
794 # Tonga
795 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
796 Rule Tonga 1999 only - Oct 7 2:00s 1:00 -
797 Rule Tonga 2000 only - Mar 19 2:00s 0 -
798 Rule Tonga 2000 2001 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
799 Rule Tonga 2001 2002 - Jan lastSun 2:00 0 -
800 Rule Tonga 2016 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
801 Rule Tonga 2017 only - Jan Sun>=15 3:00 0 -
802 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
803 Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901
804 12:20 - +1220 1941
805 13:00 - +13 1999
806 13:00 Tonga +13/+14
807
808 # Tuvalu
809 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
810 Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901
811 12:00 - +12
812
813
814 # US minor outlying islands
815
816 # Howland, Baker
817 # Howland was mined for guano by American companies 1857-1878 and British
818 # 1886-1891; Baker was similar but exact dates are not known.
819 # Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; U.S. military bases 1943-1944;
820 # uninhabited thereafter.
821 # Howland observed Hawaii Standard Time (UT -10:30) in 1937;
822 # see page 206 of Elgen M. Long and Marie K. Long,
823 # Amelia Earhart: the Mystery Solved, Simon & Schuster (2000).
824 # So most likely Howland and Baker observed Hawaii Time from 1935
825 # until they were abandoned after the war.
826
827 # Jarvis
828 # Mined for guano by American companies 1857-1879 and British 1883?-1891?.
829 # Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; IGY scientific base 1957-1958;
850 # which had a GMT offset of -11 hours. This apparently applied to at least the
851 # time from Operation Newsreel (Hardtack I/Teak shot, 1958-08-01) to the last
852 # Operation Fishbowl shot (Tightrope, 1962-11-04).... [See] Herman Hoerlin,
853 # "The United States High-Altitude Test Experience: A Review Emphasizing the
854 # Impact on the Environment", Los Alamos LA-6405, Oct 1976.
855 # https://www.fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/lanl/docs1/00322994.pdf
856 # See the table on page 4 where he lists GMT and local times for the tests; a
857 # footnote for the JI tests reads that local time is "JI time = Hawaii Time
858 # Minus One Hour".
859
860 # Kingman
861 # uninhabited
862
863 # Midway
864 # See Pacific/Pago_Pago.
865
866 # Palmyra
867 # uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
868
869 # Wake
870 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
871 Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901
872 12:00 - +12
873
874
875 # Vanuatu
876 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
877 Rule Vanuatu 1983 only - Sep 25 0:00 1:00 -
878 Rule Vanuatu 1984 1991 - Mar Sun>=23 0:00 0 -
879 Rule Vanuatu 1984 only - Oct 23 0:00 1:00 -
880 Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 -
881 Rule Vanuatu 1992 1993 - Jan Sun>=23 0:00 0 -
882 Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 -
883 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
884 Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila
885 11:00 Vanuatu +11/+12
886
887 # Wallis and Futuna
888 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
889 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901
890 12:00 - +12
891
892 ###############################################################################
893
894 # NOTES
895
896 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
897 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
898 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
899 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
900
901 # From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18):
902 #
903 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
904 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
905 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
906 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
907 #
908 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
1254 # ... it was just on four years ago that I drove along the Eyre Highway,
1255 # which passes through eastern Western Australia close to the southern
1256 # coast of the continent.
1257 #
1258 # I paid particular attention to the time kept there. There can be no
1259 # dispute that UTC+08:45 was considered "the time" from the border
1260 # village just inside the border with South Australia to as far west
1261 # as just east of Caiguna. There can also be no dispute that Eucla is
1262 # the largest population centre in this zone....
1263 #
1264 # Now that Western Australia is observing daylight saving, the
1265 # question arose whether this part of the state would follow suit. I
1266 # just called the border village and confirmed that indeed they have,
1267 # meaning that they are now observing UTC+09:45.
1268 #
1269 # (2006-12-09):
1270 # I personally doubt that either experimentation with daylight saving
1271 # in WA or its introduction in SA had anything to do with the genesis
1272 # of this time zone. My hunch is that it's been around since well
1273 # before 1975. I remember seeing it noted on road maps decades ago.
1274 #
1275 # From Gilmore Davidson (2019-04-08):
1276 # https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-04-08/this-remote-stretch-of-desert-has-its-own-custom-time-zone/10981000
1277 # ... include[s] a rough description of the geographical boundaries...
1278 # "The time zone exists for about 340 kilometres and takes in the tiny
1279 # roadhouse communities of Cocklebiddy, Madura, Eucla and Border Village."
1280 # ... and an indication that the zone has definitely been in existence
1281 # since before the 1970 cut-off of the database ...
1282 # From Paul Eggert (2019-05-17):
1283 # That ABC Esperance story by Christien de Garis also says:
1284 # Although the Central Western Time Zone is not officially recognised (your
1285 # phones won't automatically change), there is a sign instructing you which
1286 # way to wind your clocks 45 minutes and scrawled underneath one of them in
1287 # Texta is the word: 'Why'?
1288 # "Good question," Mr Pike said.
1289 # "I don't even know that, and it's been going for over 50 years."
1290
1291 # From Paul Eggert (2006-12-15):
1292 # For lack of better info, assume the tradition dates back to the
1293 # introduction of standard time in 1895.
1294
1295
1296 # southeast Australia
1297 #
1298 # From Paul Eggert (2007-07-23):
1299 # Starting autumn 2008 Victoria, NSW, South Australia, Tasmania and the ACT
1300 # end DST the first Sunday in April and start DST the first Sunday in October.
1301 # http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/daylight-savings-to-span-six-months/2007/06/27/1182623966703.html
1302
1303
1304 # South Australia
1305
1306 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
1307 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
1308 # ...South Australia...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
1309 # at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
1586 # From Colin Sharples (2007-04-30):
1587 # DST will now start on the last Sunday in September, and end on the
1588 # first Sunday in April. The changes take effect this year, meaning
1589 # that DST will begin on 2007-09-30 2008-04-06.
1590 # http://www.dia.govt.nz/diawebsite.nsf/wpg_URL/Services-Daylight-Saving-Daylight-saving-to-be-extended
1591
1592 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-14):
1593 # Chatham Island time was formally standardized on 1957-01-01 by
1594 # New Zealand's Standard Time Amendment Act 1956 (1956-10-26).
1595 # https://www.austlii.edu.au/nz/legis/hist_act/staa19561956n100244.pdf
1596 # According to Google Books snippet view, a speaker in the New Zealand
1597 # parliamentary debates in 1956 said "Clause 78 makes provision for standard
1598 # time in the Chatham Islands. The time there is 45 minutes in advance of New
1599 # Zealand time. I understand that is the time they keep locally, anyhow."
1600 # For now, assume this practice goes back to the introduction of standard time
1601 # in New Zealand, as this would make Chatham Islands time almost exactly match
1602 # LMT back when New Zealand was at UT +11:30; also, assume Chatham Islands did
1603 # not observe New Zealand's prewar DST.
1604
1605 ###############################################################################
1606
1607
1608 # Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands and Marcus Island (Minami-Tori-shima)
1609
1610 # From Wakaba (2019-01-28) via Phake Nick:
1611 # National Diet Library of Japan has several reports by Japanese Government
1612 # officers that describe the time used in islands when they visited there.
1613 # According to them (and other sources such as newspapers), standard time UTC
1614 # + 10 (JST + 1) and DST UTC + 11 (JST + 2) was used until its return to Japan
1615 # at 1968-06-26 00:00 JST. The exact periods of DST are still unknown.
1616 # I guessed Guam, Mariana, and Bonin and Marcus districts might have
1617 # synchronized their DST periods, but reports imply they had their own
1618 # decisions, i.e. there were three or more different time zones....
1619 #
1620 # https://wiki.suikawiki.org/n/小笠原諸島の標準時
1621
1622 # From Phake Nick (2019-02-12):
1623 # Because their last time change to return to Japanese time when they returned
1624 # to Japanese rule was right before 1970, ... per the current tz database
1625 # rule, the information doesn't warrant creation of a new timezone for Bonin
1626 # Islands itself and is thus as an anecdotal note for interest purpose only.
1627 # ... [The abovementioned link] described some special timekeeping phenomenon
1628 # regarding Marcus island, another remote island currently owned by Japanese
1629 # in the same administrative unit as Bonin Islands. Many reports claim that
1630 # the American coastal guard on the American quarter of the island use its own
1631 # coastal guard time, and most sources describe the time as UTC+11, being two
1632 # hours faster than JST used by some Japanese personnel on the island. Some
1633 # sites describe it as same as Wake Island/Guam time although it would be
1634 # incorrect to be same as Guam. And then in a few Japanese governmental
1635 # report from 1980s (from National Institute of Information and Communications
1636 # Technology) regarding the construction of VLBI facility on the Marcus
1637 # Island, it claimed that there are three time standards being used on the
1638 # island at the time which include not just JST (UTC+9) or [US]CG time
1639 # (UTC+11) but also a JMSDF time (UTC+10) (Japan Maritime Self-Defense
1640 # Force). Unfortunately there are no other sources that mentioned such time
1641 # and there are also no information on things like how the time was used.
1642
1643
1644 # Fiji
1645
1646 # Howse writes (p 153) that in 1879 the British governor of Fiji
1647 # enacted an ordinance standardizing the islands on Antipodean Time
1648 # instead of the American system (which was one day behind).
1649
1650 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
1651 # Fiji will introduce DST effective 0200 local time, 1998-11-01
1652 # until 0300 local time 1999-02-28. Each year the DST period will
1653 # be from the first Sunday in November until the last Sunday in February.
1654
1655 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08):
1656 # IATA SSIM (1999-09) says DST ends 0100 local time. Go with McDow.
1657
1658 # From the BBC World Service in
1659 # http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/205226.stm (1998-10-31 16:03 UTC):
1660 # The Fijian government says the main reasons for the time change is to
1661 # improve productivity and reduce road accidents.... [T]he move is also
|